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谁能想到，西汉两位擎天巨柱——横扫匈奴的“冠军侯”霍去病与权倾三朝的大司马霍光，竟是同一位默默无闻的小吏之子？一段尘封往事，揭开史上传奇的“父凭子贵”篇章。



怂包小吏的“风花雪月”


霍仲孺，这个名字你听起来可能很陌生——实际上，把他放在人群中，也并不会多看几眼。就是这样一位无名小吏，却因一纸调令改变了人生轨迹。



想象一下，西汉平阳县衙的某个午后，这位名叫霍仲孺的县吏正对着竹简账册打哈欠。他的生活像县衙门口那棵老槐树，纹丝不动又索然无味——直到一纸调令砸中了他：进京！去长安平阳侯府当差！


在长安侍奉平阳侯期间，这位从河东郡来的小吏就不老实了，他与一位叫卫少儿的婢女互生情愫——情意绵绵后就私通在一起了（想来也是因为这位霍仲孺外貌不错，毕竟儿子霍光可是“长财七尺三寸，白皙，疏眉目，美须髯”）。


结果便是，卫少儿怀孕了，可霍仲孺的行为却极为不厚道，放在现在肯定要被贴上“大渣男”的标签——他并未将卫少儿娶进门，而是离开了长安，回到平阳县后还立即就娶妻生子，把长安的风花雪月全都抛诸脑后，仿佛与卫少儿的故事从未发生，继续当着他的县城小吏，不曾想过那对被抛弃的孤儿寡母会面临怎样的艰难。



《汉书·霍光金日磾传》卷六十八：

父中孺，河东平阳人也，以县吏给事平阳侯家，与侍者卫少皃私通而生去病。中孺吏毕归家，娶妇生光，因绝不相闻。


留在长安的卫少儿独自面对着流言蜚语和日渐隆起的腹部，怀胎十月后（公元前140年），生下了一位男婴，名为霍去病——或许从私通的那一刻起，命运的“馈赠”便在策马赶来的路上。


战神儿子“空降”认爹


而历史证明，这位霍姓小吏跑得了爹责，却跑不过父凭子贵的逆天剧本！



作为侍女之子，尤其还是一个爹不要，而且爹还不知道跑哪去的私生子，霍去病出身时的地位是相当低的，看上去似乎是要当一辈子的奴仆。但就在霍去病一岁的时候，小姨卫子夫被汉武帝宠幸，卫家也从此摆脱了奴仆的命运，后来母亲卫少儿更是与“官N代”陈掌（曲逆侯陈平的曾孙）结为夫妻。


《汉书·外戚传》

“孝武卫皇后字子夫，生微也……元朔元年，生男据，遂立为皇后。”


《汉书·卫青霍去病传》：

“霍去病，大将军青姊少皃子也。其父霍仲孺先与少皃通，生去病。及卫皇后尊，少皃更为詹事陈掌妻。”


《汉书·霍光金日磾传》卷六十八：

“久之，少皃女弟子夫得幸于武帝，立为皇后，去病以皇后姊子贵幸。”


一转眼，霍去病也已长大成人，当年被霍仲孺弃如敝屣的“拖油瓶”，已经凭借卫氏家族的荣耀（姨母卫子夫贵为皇后，舅舅卫青官拜大将军）与自身逆天的军事天赋成长为大汉帝国征战四方的好男儿——十七岁率八百铁骑横扫漠南，十九岁封冠军侯，二十一岁任骠骑大将军，河西走廊在他的马蹄下震颤，“匈奴远遁，漠南无王庭”的功勋彪炳史册。



这个时候，身为母亲的卫少儿，也告诉了霍去病的真实身世：


“既壮大，乃自知父为霍仲孺。”（《汉书·霍光金日磾传》）


霍去病又该怎样面对自己的亲生父亲呢？——


据《汉书》记载，在一次出征匈奴的时候，霍去病特意绕了个弯，前往河东平阳，见到了那个抛弃母亲，除了姓氏外没有给予自己一天父爱的亲爹：


“会为骠骑将军击匈奴，道出河东，河东太守郊迎，负弩矢先驱，至平阳传舍，遣吏迎霍仲孺。”


一见到霍仲孺，这位冠军侯并没有像爽文小说里的主角那样开启复仇剧本，而是立刻跪下认爹——仲孺趋入拜谒，将军迎拜，因跪曰：“去病不早自知为大人遗体也。”（《汉书·霍光金日磾传》）




而这位久居官场的小吏，也当即叩头，回应的话说得很含蓄，手却伸得很长——中孺扶报叩头，曰：“老臣得托命将军，此天力也。”（《汉书·霍光金日磾传》）这个“托命”本质上就是在要钱，霍去病对此也没说什么，既然自己要“尽孝”，也有能力，于是大手一挥，买下良田、宅院、奴婢送给生父：“去病大为中孺买田宅、奴婢而去。”


等到班师回朝的时候，霍去病又来了平阳一次，这一次，他还带走了自己同父异母的弟弟霍光——未来的又一根汉家擎天柱就此被拔离泥土，开始向上生长。



这位被兄长“顺手牵”回长安的平阳少年，后来成长为三朝老臣，为汉王朝鞍前马后，班固曾高度评价他道：


“受襁褓之托，任汉室之寄，当庙堂，拥幼君，摧燕王，仆上官，因权制敌，以成其忠。处废置之际，临大节而不可夺，遂匡国家，安社稷。拥昭立宣，光为师保，虽周公、阿衡，何以加此！”（《汉书》）


死后更是荣登“麒麟阁十一功臣”之首——


受诏辅政，稳定朝政：“上以光为大司马大将军，……皆拜卧内床下，受遗诏辅少主。明日，武帝崩，太子袭尊号，是为孝昭皇帝。帝年八岁，政事一决于光。”“先是，后元年，侍中仆射莽何罗与弟重合侯通谋为逆，时光与金日磾、上官桀等共诛之，功未录。武帝病，封玺书曰：‘帝崩发书以从事。’遗诏封金日磾为秺侯，上官桀为安阳侯，光为博陆侯，皆以前捕反者功封。”


废立皇帝，安定汉室：“光即与群臣俱见白太后，具陈昌邑王不可以承宗庙状。…… 光与群臣连名奏王，…… 荒淫迷惑，失帝王礼仪，乱汉制度，…… 当废。…… 皇太后诏曰：‘可。’”“近亲唯有卫太子孙号皇曾孙在民间，咸称述焉。光遂与丞相敞等上奏曰：‘《礼》曰：“人道亲亲故尊祖，尊祖故敬宗。” 大宗亡嗣，择支子孙贤者为嗣。孝武皇帝曾孙病已，武帝时有诏……’”


辅佐幼主，成就中兴：“昭帝既冠，遂委任光，迄十三年，百姓充实，四夷宾服。”



而远在平阳的霍仲孺呢？只需喝着美酒，听着小曲。当年他弃子跑路的狼狈与此刻的躺赢人生形成了极致的对比：霍家双子，一个封狼居胥荡平四夷，一个三朝重臣执掌乾坤，硬生生给这样一位渣爹带来了泼天的富贵，以“大将军霍去病、大司马霍光生父”之名，生前得以奉养，死后更在史册留名。 

 

生子当如孙仲谋


曹操若见此景，怕是要立马划掉那句“生子当如孙仲谋”的感叹，当即赋诗道——“为父当如霍仲孺！”而历史上，“父凭子贵”的例子更是屡见不鲜。



同样的还有刘邦的父亲刘太公，依靠着儿子的辉煌，成了历史上第二位太上皇（第一位是秦庄襄王嬴楚，刘太公也是历史上第一位活着的太上皇）。


《汉书・高帝纪》记载，高祖六年夏五月丙午，刘邦下诏“诸王、通侯、将军、群卿、大夫已尊朕为皇帝，而太公未有号，今上尊太公曰太上皇”。


（注：颜师古注曰：“太上，极尊之称也。皇，君也。天子之父，故号曰皇。不预治国，故不言帝也”。）

 

霍仲孺让我们了解了一位渣爹的“跑路胜利”，而朱世珍则用尸骨证明，即使彻底躺下，也能被儿迎上“神坛”！当64岁的朱五四（后被朱元璋改名朱世珍）在1344年淮北大瘟疫中“贫困病交加”地咽下最后一口气时，怎么也不会想到——二十四年后，他的名字将被刻上太庙金匾，裹尸的破布也被换成了十二章衮服，连埋葬他们的荒坡都成了大明第一皇陵！整个家族都被永远地记载在了史书上——但前提是，得生出个“朱重八（朱元璋）”！


《明实录・太祖实录》记载，洪武元年（1368）正月初四，“乙亥，上率世子暨诸子奉神主诣太庙，追尊四代祖考、妣为皇帝、皇后，奉上玉宝、玉册。”

 

再看清代，电视剧《康熙王朝》中有一幕常常受到观众的调侃：



据《朝鲜李朝实录中的中国史料》第十一册中记载：


远接使金演迎勑而归，以闻于译舌者言于户曹判书李台佐曰：“康熙皇帝在畅春苑病剧，知气不能起，召阁老马齐言曰：‘第四子雍亲王胤禛最贤，我死后立为嗣皇。胤禛第二子有英雄气象，必封为太子。’仍以为君不易之道，平治天下之要，训诫胤禛。”


（注：乾隆是雍正的第四个儿子，于1711年出生，是清朝的第六位皇帝，统治时间长达六十年。虽然他是第四子，但在雍正的儿子中，成年后只有四个存活，因此他在实际排行中是第二子）


这么说，咱雍正也是沾上了儿子的福呀，怎么不能算得上是“父凭子贵”呢？



雍正虽然不能算是完全因乾隆取得皇位，但历史上，还真有沾了儿子的光而成功登上皇位的例子——明仁宗朱高炽。


靖难之后，朱棣登上了皇位，可太子之位却迟迟未能定下。长子朱高炽言行适度，喜好读书，在靖难中安稳了后方，却身体不好（《明实录》记载他“体肥重、且足疾”）；次子朱高煦则作战勇猛，在武将中威信很高，多次救成祖与危难之际——


《明史纪事本末》记载：“燕王欲且议和北还，会高煦引北骑至，王大喜，遽起按甲，仗钺抚煦背曰：‘勉之！世子多疾。’于是煦殊死战，燕王率精骑直冲庸阵，庸军小却。”



正值朱棣左右为难之际，大臣解缙的一个词，终于使成祖坚定了立朱高炽的决心，这个词便是“好圣孙”。据《明史·谢缙传》载：


“先是，储位未定，淇国公丘福言汉王（朱高煦）有功，宜立。帝密问缙。缙称：‘皇长子仁孝，天下归心。’帝不应。缙又顿首曰：‘好圣孙。’谓宣宗也。帝颔之。太子遂定。”


永乐九年（1411），朱瞻基被朱棣册封为皇太孙，并悉心教导。


 

霍仲孺的人生堪称历史开出的最荒诞的玩笑——这个因惧怕负责而抛下怀孕女子、连夜逃回老家的平阳县小吏，未建寸功，却坐享泼天富贵！然历史终以最冷厉的笔锋清算这场侥幸：霍光尸骨未寒，霍氏家族就被满门抄斩……

 

参考文献：

[1]吴晗. 朝鲜李朝实录中的中国史料[M]. 北京：中华书局，1980.

[2]李国章. 二十五史新编·西晋书、东晋书[M]. 上海：上海古籍出版社, 1997. 

[3]班固. 汉书[M]. 北京：中华书局，2000.

[4]张廷玉. 明史[M]. 北京：中华书局，2000. 

[5]常强. 霍光从“贫二代”到“富一代”[J]. 国学，2010(5)：26-28.

[6]周晓露. 西汉思想与政治[D]. 长沙：湖南大学，2010.

[7]杨婷. 霍去病与匈奴的战争[D]. 西安：西北大学，2011.

[8]杨阳洋. 趣说汉朝407年[M]. 微信读书出品，2023.


*本文系“国家人文历史”独家稿件，欢迎读者转发朋友圈。




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", @@ -3933,28 +3911,6 @@ "hash": "1189f681b3a409d6c3f0d7e40085e750", "highlights": [] }, - { - "title": "010WORLD - Scientists issue warning after heat wave deaths spike", - "description": "

People gather on a beach in Antibes, southern France, on Wednesday.

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PARIS — A heat wave scorching Europe had barely subsided in early July when scientists published estimates that 2,300 people may have died across a dozen major cities during the extreme, climate-fueled episode.

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The figure was supposed to "grab some attention" and sound a timely warning in the hope of avoiding more needless deaths, said Friederike Otto, one of the scientists involved in the research.

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"We are still relatively early in the summer, so this will not have been the last heat wave. There is a lot that people and communities can do to save lives," Otto, a climate scientist at Imperial College London, told AFP.

\n

Heat can claim tens of thousands of lives during European summers, but it usually takes months, even years, to count the cost of this "silent killer".

\n

Otto and colleagues published their partial estimate just a week after temperatures peaked in western Europe.

\n

While the underlying methods were not new, the scientists said it was the first study to link heat wave deaths to climate change so soon after the event in question.

\n

Early mortality estimates could be misunderstood as official statistics, but "from a public health perspective, the benefits of providing timely evidence outweigh these risks", Raquel Nunes from the University of Warwick told AFP.

\n

"This approach could have transformative potential for both public understanding and policy prioritization" of heat waves, said Nunes, an expert on global warming and health who was not involved in the study.

\n

Science can show, with increasing speed and confidence, that human-caused climate change is making heat waves hotter and more frequent.

\n

Unlike floods and fires, heat kills quietly, with prolonged exposure causing heat stroke, organ failure and death.

\n

The sick and elderly are particularly vulnerable, but so are younger people exercising or toiling outdoors.

\n

But every summer, heat kills and Otto — a pioneer in the field of attribution science — started wondering if the message was getting through.

\n

'Big deal'

\n

"We have done attribution studies of extreme weather events and attribution studies of heat waves for a decade … but as a society, we are not prepared for these heat waves," she said.

\n

"People think it's 30(C) instead of 27, what's the big deal? And we know it's a big deal."

\n

When the mercury started climbing in Europe earlier this summer, scientists tweaked their approach.

\n

Joining forces, Imperial College London and the London School of Hygiene& Tropical Medicine chose to spotlight the lethality — not just the intensity — of the heat between June 23 and July 2.

\n

Combining historic weather and published mortality data, they assessed that climate change made the heat wave between 1 and 4 degrees hotter across 12 cities, depending on location, and that 2,300 people had likely perished.

\n

But in a notable first, they estimated that 65 percent of these deaths — around 1,500 people across cities including London, Paris and Athens — would not have occurred in a world without global warming.

\n

"That's a much stronger message," said Otto.

\n

"It brings it much closer to home what climate change actually means and makes it much more real and human than when you say this heat wave would have been two degrees colder."

\n

The study was just a snapshot of the wider heat wave that hit western Europe during the hottest month of June on record and sent temperatures soaring to 46 C in Spain and Portugal.

\n

The true toll was likely much higher, the authors said, noting that heat deaths are widely undercounted.

\n


获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", - "content": "

People gather on a beach in Antibes, southern France, on Wednesday.

\n

PARIS — A heat wave scorching Europe had barely subsided in early July when scientists published estimates that 2,300 people may have died across a dozen major cities during the extreme, climate-fueled episode.

\n

The figure was supposed to "grab some attention" and sound a timely warning in the hope of avoiding more needless deaths, said Friederike Otto, one of the scientists involved in the research.

\n

"We are still relatively early in the summer, so this will not have been the last heat wave. There is a lot that people and communities can do to save lives," Otto, a climate scientist at Imperial College London, told AFP.

\n

Heat can claim tens of thousands of lives during European summers, but it usually takes months, even years, to count the cost of this "silent killer".

\n

Otto and colleagues published their partial estimate just a week after temperatures peaked in western Europe.

\n

While the underlying methods were not new, the scientists said it was the first study to link heat wave deaths to climate change so soon after the event in question.

\n

Early mortality estimates could be misunderstood as official statistics, but "from a public health perspective, the benefits of providing timely evidence outweigh these risks", Raquel Nunes from the University of Warwick told AFP.

\n

"This approach could have transformative potential for both public understanding and policy prioritization" of heat waves, said Nunes, an expert on global warming and health who was not involved in the study.

\n

Science can show, with increasing speed and confidence, that human-caused climate change is making heat waves hotter and more frequent.

\n

Unlike floods and fires, heat kills quietly, with prolonged exposure causing heat stroke, organ failure and death.

\n

The sick and elderly are particularly vulnerable, but so are younger people exercising or toiling outdoors.

\n

But every summer, heat kills and Otto — a pioneer in the field of attribution science — started wondering if the message was getting through.

\n

'Big deal'

\n

"We have done attribution studies of extreme weather events and attribution studies of heat waves for a decade … but as a society, we are not prepared for these heat waves," she said.

\n

"People think it's 30(C) instead of 27, what's the big deal? And we know it's a big deal."

\n

When the mercury started climbing in Europe earlier this summer, scientists tweaked their approach.

\n

Joining forces, Imperial College London and the London School of Hygiene& Tropical Medicine chose to spotlight the lethality — not just the intensity — of the heat between June 23 and July 2.

\n

Combining historic weather and published mortality data, they assessed that climate change made the heat wave between 1 and 4 degrees hotter across 12 cities, depending on location, and that 2,300 people had likely perished.

\n

But in a notable first, they estimated that 65 percent of these deaths — around 1,500 people across cities including London, Paris and Athens — would not have occurred in a world without global warming.

\n

"That's a much stronger message," said Otto.

\n

"It brings it much closer to home what climate change actually means and makes it much more real and human than when you say this heat wave would have been two degrees colder."

\n

The study was just a snapshot of the wider heat wave that hit western Europe during the hottest month of June on record and sent temperatures soaring to 46 C in Spain and Portugal.

\n

The true toll was likely much higher, the authors said, noting that heat deaths are widely undercounted.

\n


获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
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", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/01/content_010_688bd294ed50ccabe1516bb0.htm#010WORLD", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 01 Aug 2025 00:21:04 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "9438ea622d56fdd0ba6c9298219978ac", - "highlights": [] - }, { "title": "020SPORTS - Hoops and dreams", "description": "

Coached by former Chinese national forward Abdusalam Abdurexit (top), 12-year-old Memettursunjan Erkin plays in a national youth league competition organized by the Yao Foundation, launched by Chinese basketball icon Yao Ming.

\n

Memettursunjan grew up withdrawn, watching other kids run and play from the window. Then, at six years old, he saw a video of NBA star Stephen Curry — not the tallest, not the strongest, but fearless and skillful — and something clicked. "Basketball looked fun," he said. "It felt like someone like me could belong."

\n

With the sun high over the basketball court, Meme ttursunjan Erkin darted past his defender, pivoted and zipped a perfect bounce pass to a teammate. He clapped his hands, calling for a huddle.

\n

Small in stature, he does not stand out at first glance — until one notices the gleaming prosthetic attached to his right leg.

\n

"I just want to play like everyone else," the 12-year-old said. "When I'm on the court, I forget about my leg."

\n

Born in 2013 in Shufu county, on the western edge of Northwest China's Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, Memettursunjan came into the world missing part of his right leg. His parents, farmers with limited schooling, were overwhelmed and unsure how to raise a child with a disability.

\n

Memettursunjan grew up withdrawn, watching other children run and play from the window. "Walking with a prosthetic was hard. So I stayed home," he said.

\n

Then, at six years old, he saw a video of NBA star Stephen Curry — not the tallest, not the strongest, but fearless and skillful. Something clicked.

\n

"Basketball looked fun," he said. "It felt like someone like me could belong."

\n

His father scraped together enough to buy a used basketball. The court, however, was unforgiving. The prosthetic chafed, his balance wobbled, and other boys ran circles around him. "I couldn't beat anyone," he said. "I wanted to give up."

\n

But he did not.

\n

"I cried at night," Memettursunjan recalled. "But, in the morning, I told myself: 'Real men don't quit.'"

\n

'Pushing forward'

\n

Outside his home, Memettursunjan tied a bent wire hoop to a tree and practiced for hours — shooting, chasing rebounds on one good leg, falling and getting back up. He learned to play smarter. If he could not outrun opponents, he could outthink them. If he could not jump, he could pass.

\n

The work paid off. He made the school team, not as a special case, but through grit and skill.

\n

Coach Hu Deliang still remembers a warm-up session when Memettursunjan's prosthetic leg detached in front of everyone. "He calmly picked it up, reattached it, and said, 'I'm fine, coach,'" Hu said. "He was more afraid I'd stop him from training."

\n

Memettursunjan had found confidence. "Now I joke with my teammates, help with drills. Basketball gave me something more than a game. It gave me myself."

\n

That confidence took him this summer to a national youth league organized by the Yao Foundation, launched by Chinese basketball icon Yao Ming. For the first time, he traveled beyond his hometown — and played in front of his basketball idols.

\n

Former Chinese national forward Abdusalam Abdurexit, a Xinjiang native who returned from a career-threatening ACL injury to win CBA MVP, served as guest coach. "He's not waiting to be carried — he's pushing forward," Abdusalam said. "I see a bit of myself in him."

\n

Former CBA guard Han Delong agreed: "He's tough, patient, joyful — and still just a boy. Basketball might stay with him forever, or maybe it will open other doors. Either way, he's going far."

\n

More than 400 kilometers away in Atush, 12-year-old Kawsar Hasmjan sprints down a soccer pitch. He lost his left arm in a car accident, but his speed and field vision command attention. "Sports showed me I'm stronger than my body," Kawsar said. "It taught me I can still lead."

\n

"What we see in Xinjiang today is hunger, energy, and talent," said Jiang Ying, a trustee of the Yao Foundation. "No child should be left behind — not by geography, not by circumstance."

\n

Growing momentum

\n

The journeys of Memettursunjan and Kawsar are more than personal triumphs, they are part of a broader transformation in southern Xinjiang, where grassroots and school sports are gaining momentum.

\n

In Yecheng county, nestled between the Taklamakan Desert and the Kunlun Mountains, a basketball team composed of farmers, teachers and township workers recently made national headlines. Last year, they traveled to Guizhou province and won China's "Village BA" championship, sparking a local sports frenzy.

\n

This April, Yecheng hosted its own invitational tournament in a packed gymnasium, backed not by major sponsors, but by local pilaf restaurants and walnut growers. The enthusiasm is built on a decade of grassroots investment.

\n

Since 2012, Yecheng has distributed more than 300,000 basketballs to rural youths and built more than 765 courts, servicing 26 townships, 317 villages and 52 communities. In 2024 alone, it held more than 100 village-level tournaments.

\n

In Bachu county, students at No 3 Middle School no longer chase balls on dusty fields. The school recently added more than 20,000 square meters of new sports grounds, including a seven-a-side soccer pitch.

\n

It now employs 13 soccer coaches, five with certification from either the Chinese Football Association or the Asian Football Confederation.

\n

In 2025, the school joined the youth training system of Shanghai Port FC, offering a professional pathway for talented players from the region.

\n

"My dream isn't just to be great," Memettursunjan said.

\n

"It's to keep playing, keep growing, and, maybe, help someone else do the same."

\n


获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
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", @@ -13612,28 +13568,6 @@ "hash": "3e9e7d280897dd26a8e0f67c471d0d3b", "highlights": [] }, - { - "title": "四进费城——2025年北美夏季桥牌大赛", - "description": "今年的北美夏季大赛是7月24日-8月3日，Von Zedtwitz终身大师双人赛，Spingold杯淘汰赛，是媲美于世界锦标赛的超级赛事；还有就是第二个周五（26日）开始的公开瑞士团体赛。这四大赛事从头到尾组成了夏季大赛的赛事主脉。", - "content": "
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\n \n \n 点击\n \n \n \n 标兵桥牌\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 关注微信\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 老朋友\n \n \n
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\n \n \n 点击\n \n \n \n 右上角\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 分享本文\n \n \n

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\n \n 再入费城\n \n

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\n \n 2025年北美夏季大赛在费城举行\n \n
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\n \n 十五年前，我第一次代表中国国家队参加世界桥牌锦标赛就是在费城，没想到这一地方，我居然会连去四次，这一次参加的是2025年北美夏季桥牌大赛。\n \n

\n

\n \n 今年的北美夏季大赛是7月24日-8月3日，上一次在费城举办夏季大赛是2012年。按照惯例，先进行的比赛是GNT团体赛（全国锦标赛，相当于我国的全国团体赛），根据ACBL的分区（相当于我们协会杯中的省、市、自治区和行业体协），每个分区根据大师分的数量派出参赛队参加从Championship级（相当于我们的甲级）到A、B、C级的比赛。不同于我们全国团体赛的是，ACBL每个分区均可派出不同级别的队参加不同级别的GNT比赛。\n \n

\n

\n \n 接下来就是Von Zedtwitz终身大师双人赛：这是一项NABC+的比赛，它和春季的白金双人赛、秋季的蓝带双人赛并称为北美三大双人赛；周一开始是Spingold杯淘汰赛，这个比赛不用介绍，这是媲美于世界锦标赛的超级赛事；还有就是第二个周五（26日）开始的公开瑞士团体赛。这四大赛事从头到尾组成了夏季大赛的赛事主脉。\n \n

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\n \n \n 往期推荐\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 2024年北美夏季大赛每日一牌——安全打法要牢记\n \n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 七年相约多伦多——2024年北美夏季桥牌大赛（九）\n \n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 七年相约多伦多——2024年北美夏季桥牌大赛（八）\n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 七年相约多伦多——2024年北美夏季桥牌大赛（七）\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 七年相约多伦多——2024年北美夏季桥牌大赛（六）\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 七年相约多伦多——2024年北美夏季桥牌大赛（五）\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 七年相约多伦多——2024年北美夏季桥牌大赛（四）\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 七年相约多伦多——2024年北美夏季桥牌大赛（三）\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 七年相约多伦多——2024年北美夏季桥牌大赛（二）\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 七年相约多伦多——2024年北美夏季桥牌大赛\n \n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 风城之约——北美夏季大赛结束，弗老板获得斯平果尔德杯冠军\n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 风城之约——芝加哥北美夏季大赛\n \n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 天佑榄城——三年再逢夏季赛\n \n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n Let`s Roll——Las Vegas再迎夏季赛\n \n \n

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\n \n \n Let`s Roll——Las Vegas再迎夏季赛（二）\n \n \n

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\n \n \n Let`s Roll——Las Vegas再迎夏季赛（三）\n \n \n

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\n \n \n Let`s Roll——Las Vegas再迎夏季赛（四）\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 别忘了点个在看哦！转发那就太好了！\n \n \n

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\n", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/BfeZUz_R06xb7RaPsGeL5g", - "creator": "标兵桥牌", - "pubDate": "Thu, 24 Jul 2025 00:00:00 ", - "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDSw9tVttfrJ3JKwexCYYiacjiadz8guJdewotdVU3LIarvn8yLEKIO2lSabW8hic8FvxKxarwAS2jHMg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", - "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", - "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDSw9tVttfrJ3JKwexCYYiacjiadz8guJdewotdVU3LIarvn8yLEKIO2lSabW8hic8FvxKxarwAS2jHMg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", - "id": "2247512728_1", - "language": "", - "folder": "桥牌", - "feed": "标兵桥牌", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "b3008b6769eabc114bc25f92adef6111", - "highlights": [] - }, { "title": "齐老板与土耳其进入决赛", "description": "欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛公团结束1/4淘汰赛，齐老板的瑞士队、波兰的Naukabrydzapl队、土耳其的JEO Hidro队、法国绿队进入半决赛。对于一个有123个队参加的跨国比赛来说，最终的四强恰好均由同一国家团队组成，是很少见的。", @@ -13656,28 +13590,6 @@ "hash": "f8a177f20f224372b56418786352912a", "highlights": [] }, - { - "title": "进攻性叫牌与防守性叫牌——波兹南的牌局", - "description": "桥牌其实也一样，只不过桥牌的“进攻”和“防守”，有多重的意义，除了简单的在桥牌打法中表现为做庄与防守外，还有在叫牌中也分为自己抢过来打的“进攻性叫牌”和放给对方打或者叫得较低的“防守性叫牌”。", - "content": "
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\n \n \n 点击\n \n \n \n 标兵桥牌\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 关注微信\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 老朋友\n \n \n
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\n \n \n 点击\n \n \n \n 右上角\n \n \n \n

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\n \n NBA有句格言，叫做“赢球靠进攻、夺冠靠防守”，其实足球、橄榄球等等基本上都一样，防守虽然观赏性不强，但对于成功是非常有帮助的。\n \n

\n

\n \n 桥牌其实也一样，只不过桥牌的“进攻”和“防守”，有多重的意义，除了简单的在桥牌打法中表现为做庄与防守外，还有在叫牌中也分为自己抢过来打的“\n \n 进攻性叫牌\n \n ”和放给对方打或者叫得较低的\n \n “防守性叫牌”\n \n 。一般来说，实力强的一方，通常会选择进攻性叫牌，因为只有完成满贯和成局定约，才能获得更高的分数，但也有例外的时候，就是当对方持弱牌介入叫牌、意图干扰时，此时强牌一方就同时了有抢过来自己打的“进攻性叫牌”，和加倍对方或者叫的较低的“防守性叫牌”两个选择。\n \n

\n

\n \n 一般来说，牌手们都会“进攻性叫牌”，也就是高叫，但往往忽视“防守性叫牌”的得分能力，特别是在比分落后时，往往“进攻性叫牌”会越输越多，而“防守性叫牌”则是很好的追分办法。\n \n

\n

\n \n 6月30日结束的欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛公开团体赛首轮淘汰赛64进32的比赛中，罗森塔尔队就上演了依靠“防守性叫牌”翻盘的一场好戏。\n \n

\n

\n \n 4节的比赛打完3节，预赛第2的罗森塔尔队面对第44名的哥本哈根队，落后18IMP，14副牌的比赛虽说这个比分不算多，可是要想扳回也不容易。\n \n

\n

\n \n 来看这副牌：\n \n

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\n \n 6♣还可以\n \n
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\n \n 南北方是哥本哈根队的保尔森和尼尔森，东西方是罗森塔尔队的舒尔茨和韦兰肯，这副牌是第26副，整场比赛的倒数第3副，此时罗森塔尔队已慢慢将比分赶上，还有6分的差距。\n \n

\n

\n \n 西家开叫3♠，北家加倍，东家4♠，南家4NT显示两套牌，北家实力超强，5♠扣叫挺进满贯，他们达到6♣定约。\n \n

\n

\n \n 联手牌看起来还不错，只要♦A在西家，就有很大的机会完成定约，即使♦A在东家，也还有双张♦J、♥3-3等机会，综合看起来这个满贯还不错。\n \n

\n

\n \n 北家A吃进首攻，然后拔♣A，噩耗传来：\n \n

\n
\n
\n \n
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\n \n 将牌是5-0，完不成定约了\n \n
\n
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\n \n 将牌居然是5-0分布，看上去不错的满贯就此垮掉。\n \n

\n

\n \n 全手牌如下：\n \n

\n
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\n \n 东西可以做成4♠\n \n
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\n \n 东西方可以做成4♠，南家第一次的判断非常正确，原本他只有5-4两套，而且在低花上只有2个点，计划防守是个合理的选择，因为这副牌在60桌上很多桌都是加倍东西方的4♠而做成，从这一点来说，南家的“进攻性叫牌”选对了。\n \n

\n

\n \n 不过，北家并不知道南家的牌如此不堪，他也选择了“进攻性叫牌”，如果南北方在对方阻击叫后因为存在分布的不理想而稍微保守一些，就会得到很好的收益。\n \n

\n

\n \n 在另一桌，轮到了东西方采取了“进攻性叫牌”：\n \n

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\n \n 南北方选择加倍对方5♠\n \n
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\n \n 西家在第三家的开叫非常进取，他一定是秉承“12张套一定要在4阶以上叫牌”的原则，北家当然加倍，东家进一步挺进5♠，南家布格兰德这牌无疑是“防守性”，所以他Pass静观其变，当巴克再次加倍时，布格兰德选择罚放，他们吃到了200分的正分。\n \n

\n

\n \n 这副牌就是典型的实力更强一方需要采取“防守性叫牌”的一例。这副牌罗森塔尔队赢9IMP，一举反先，最后2副牌都在加倍中度过，罗森塔尔队最后赢了18IMP，如果哥本哈根队的南北方停在5♣上并且做成，他们这副牌会赢得9IMP，总比分就会战成平手，那时，谁输谁赢就很难讲了。\n \n

\n

\n \n 可谓“会进攻是徒弟、会防守才是师傅”。\n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 技惊四座的Deep Finesse打法\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛第一阶段结束、弗姆队获得欧洲混团冠军\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲混团赛场上一副牌的两次安全打法\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第11届欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛混团预赛结束\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第11届欧洲桥牌公开锦标赛\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 2023年欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛每日一牌——韦尔萨切的失误，还是对手的高明？\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第10届欧洲桥牌公开锦标赛\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛结束\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲公开赛结束、土耳其人获得公开双人赛冠军\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲冬季运动会结束，奥卡队获得冠军\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲冬季桥牌运动会开赛在即\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 劳伦特当选欧洲桥联主席、期待开启新时代\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲桥牌新纪元——欧洲桥牌团体锦标赛回顾\n \n \n

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\n \n 往期推荐\n \n

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\n \n \n 2022年欧洲桥牌团体锦标赛即将开赛\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 荷兰加冕欧洲之王\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 别忘了点个在看哦！转发那就太好了！\n \n \n

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\n", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/MlG5afey3PhW8jkCKRLwNA", - "creator": "标兵桥牌", - "pubDate": "Wed, 02 Jul 2025 00:00:00 ", - "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDQoJpic0ibsIxaF7GAQVwVTT6eGyFJ2u6u8uRPPuRgRemxz9bYpyyQ9DDobFOOPU8ndsqr7ibKoF7EOQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", - "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", - "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDQoJpic0ibsIxaF7GAQVwVTT6eGyFJ2u6u8uRPPuRgRemxz9bYpyyQ9DDobFOOPU8ndsqr7ibKoF7EOQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", - "id": "2247512660_1", - "language": "", - "folder": "桥牌", - "feed": "标兵桥牌", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "8cf9f3254a25c91aade7bc229bc8c13b", - "highlights": [] - }, { "title": "第11届欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛混团预赛结束", "description": "欧洲桥牌公开锦标赛每两年举办一次，从2003年到2019年共举办了9届，但由于疫情原因2021年中断，2023年再度恢复，今年是第11届比赛，本次比赛将于6月21日-7月5日在波兰波茨南举办，波茨南曾经于2011年举办过欧洲桥牌公开锦标赛。", @@ -13700,28 +13612,6 @@ "hash": "926d81696677395d95a23772a9ea152c", "highlights": [] }, - { - "title": "美国国家队名单出炉", - "description": "5月26日当地时间，美国国家队选拔赛老年团体赛2025年6月1日，美国桥牌协会(USBF)公布了参加2025年世界桥牌团体锦标赛的8支美国队参赛名单。由于美国选拔赛允许一名选手报名多项比赛，因此在选拔赛全部结束后，各个美国国家队进行了调整。", - "content": "
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\n \n \n 新朋友\n \n \n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 点击\n \n \n \n 标兵桥牌\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 关注微信\n \n \n

\n
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\n \n \n 老朋友\n \n \n
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\n \n \n 点击\n \n \n \n 右上角\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 分享本文\n \n \n

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\n \n 2025年6月1日，美国桥牌协会(USBF)公布了参加2025年世界桥牌团体锦标赛的8支美国队参赛名单。\n \n

\n

\n \n 美国国家队选拔赛从4月24日开始，先后经历了公开团体、女子团体、混合团体、老年团体四个项目的选拔赛，产生了每个项目2支，共8支美国队。由于美国选拔赛允许一名选手报名多项比赛，因此在所选拔出来的原始团队中有需要更换队员和增加队员的。在选拔赛全部结束后，进行了调整。\n \n

\n

\n \n 根据美国国家队选拔规则，每名队员可以报名参加多个项目，但必须提前告知所参加项目的优先顺序，比如某位队员同时报名公开团体和混合团体项目，他需要选择哪一个项目是第一顺位，如果选择混合团体是第一顺位，则在公开团体入选后，仍然可以参加混合团体的选拔，如果混合团体选中，则必须代表混合团体放弃公开团体，如果混合团体没有选中，则可以代表公开团体。如果选择公开团体是第一顺位，在公开团体选中后，就不需要参加混合团体的选拔了。\n \n

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\n \n 这种现象，在公开团体选拔结束后，发生在了美国2队罗森塔尔队中，他们队中的大部分牌手都同时报名了公开团体和混合团体，优先顺序是公开团体，在入选公开团体美国2队后，该队队员都不再参加混合团体的选拔了。\n \n

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\n \n 下面是美国国家队的全部名单：\n \n

\n

\n \n Bermuda Bowl (Open teams):\n \n

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\n \n \n USA1\n \n \n
\n \n Adam Kaplan - Finn Kolesnik\n \n
\n \n Adam Grossack - Eddie Wold\n \n
\n \n Kevin Bathurst* - John Hurd\n \n
\n \n NPC：Bob Morris\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 由于美国1队是4人队入选，其中Bathurst/Hurd是他们增加的队员。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n USA2\n \n \n
\n \n Andrew Rosenthal - Aaron Silverstein\n \n
\n \n Eldad Ginossar - Chris Wilenken\n \n
\n \n Zach Grossack - Michael Rosenberg\n \n
\n \n NPC：Rob Barrington\n \n

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\n \n Venice Cup (Women's Teams):\n \n

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\n \n \n USA1\n \n \n
\n \n Lynn Baker - Olivia Schireson\n \n
\n \n Amber Lin - Debbie Rosenberg\n \n
\n \n Emma Kolesnik* - JoAnna Stansby*\n \n
\n \n NPC：Joe Stokes\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 威尼斯杯美国1队入选的队员还有瑞典Rimstedt姐妹，但她们的第一优先权是混合团体，同时又入选了混合团体美国2队，所以威尼斯杯美国1队增加了Kolesnik/Stansby一对。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n USA2\n \n \n
\n \n Susan Zhang - Sylvia Shi\n \n
\n \n Jill Meyers - Kerri Sanborn\n \n
\n \n Janice Molson - Migry Campanile*\n \n
\n \n NPC：Josh Donn\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 同样原因，苏珊·张的团队中Jenny Wolpert同时入选了混合团体美国1队，因此苏珊·张队增加了Campanile作为新队员。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n Wuhan Cup (Mixed Teams)\n \n

\n

\n \n \n USA1\n \n \n
\n \n Stewart Rubenstein - Anam Tebha\n \n
\n \n Giorgia Botta - John Kranyak\n \n
\n \n Vince Demuy - Jenny Wolpert\n \n
\n \n NPC: Harrison Luba\n \n

\n

\n \n \n USA2\n \n \n
\n \n Joan Millens - Shan Huang\n \n
\n \n Cecilia Dwyer Rimstedt - Kevin Dwyer Rimstedt\n \n
\n \n Sandra Rimstedt - Joe Grue*\n \n
\n \n NPC: Alex Hudson\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 混合团体美国2队是5人队参赛，增加了Joe Grue作为新队员。\n \n \n

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\n \n D'Orsi Senior Trophy (Senior Teams)\n \n

\n

\n \n \n USA1\n \n \n
\n \n Jeff Wolfson - Steve Garner\n \n
\n \n David Berkowitz - Larry Cohen\n \n
\n \n Michael Kamil - Jeff Meckstroth\n \n
\n \n NPC: Jan Martel\n \n

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\n \n \n USA2\n \n \n
\n \n Hemant Lall - Reese Milner\n \n
\n \n Bobby Levin - Eric Rodwell\n \n
\n \n Zia Mahmood - Alan Sontag*\n \n
\n \n NPC: Phil Clayton\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 老年团体美国2队更换了一位队员，Alan Sontag替换了Sam Lev。\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 美国老年队选拔赛结束\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 美国混团选拔赛结束\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 美国混团选拔赛第一轮淘汰赛结束\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 公开组美国2队与美国女队产生\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 美国国家队选拔赛战况及每日一牌——走过路过不要错过3NT\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 美国国家队选拔赛战况及每日一牌——及时转舵、躲开障眼法\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 美国国家队选拔赛战况及每日一牌——魏因斯坦的狡诈\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 小虎队直扑日德兰——卡普兰队获得美国1队资格\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 转载：通往努沙杜瓦——如风少年冲向巴厘岛——记Kranyak队获得美国1队资格\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 美国国家队选拔赛战况及每日一牌——老麦与小芬传统与现代的差别\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 美国国家队选拔赛战况及每日一牌——弗老板失去平衡\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 2025年美国国家队选拔赛战况及每日一牌——时机和控制\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 2025年美国国家队选拔赛战况及每日一牌——当老麦遇上老罗\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 2025年美国国家队选拔赛战况及每日一牌——小罗森博格的诈叫\n \n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 2025年美国国家队选拔赛战况及每日一牌——致命的猜断\n \n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 2025年美国国家队选拔赛战况及每日一牌——正常开叫还是阻击开叫\n \n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 2025年美国国家队选拔赛\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 老罗重回世锦赛——美国老年队、女队选拔赛结束\n \n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 美国混团选拔赛结束，苏珊·张队赢得资格\n \n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 弗雷舍获得2024年美国队资格\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 2024年美国国家队选拔赛开赛\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 2023年美国国家队选拔赛争议中结束\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 2022年美国国家队选拔赛结束\n \n \n \n \n
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\n \n 往期推荐\n \n

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\n \n \n 尼克尔队率先拿到百慕大杯美国1队资格\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 平板电脑还是纸牌？职业牌手有分歧\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 通往武汉之路：美国国家队选拔赛\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 别忘了点个在看哦！转发那就太好了！\n \n \n

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\n", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/GhzYkoR_DU1jwpJEaWo7yQ", - "creator": "标兵桥牌", - "pubDate": "Sun, 08 Jun 2025 00:00:00 ", - "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDR7X9icVUiczjyqmaA8vgG0PGfZLhCfDludjw1D8I8qm28RhEg2ibgWIey41EY5icTic2IQboZhr6qqf3A/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", - "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", - "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDR7X9icVUiczjyqmaA8vgG0PGfZLhCfDludjw1D8I8qm28RhEg2ibgWIey41EY5icTic2IQboZhr6qqf3A/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", - "id": "2247512604_1", - "language": "", - "folder": "桥牌", - "feed": "标兵桥牌", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "904cfda1cd5a396451f15015355b3b1e", - "highlights": [] - }, { "title": "亚太赛每日一牌回顾：剥光投入显身手", "description": "亚太锦标赛结束了，中国男队夺得冠军，在比赛期间所写的“每日一牌”，比赛期间并没有发出，从今天开始，给桥友们提供迟到的每日一牌。", @@ -13744,28 +13634,6 @@ "hash": "1477f7b86cceef32ddd423d3016b516f", "highlights": [] }, - { - "title": "亚太赛每日一牌回顾：有趣的四红心", - "description": "亚太锦标赛结束了，中国男队夺得冠军，在比赛期间所写的“每日一牌”，比赛期间并没有发出，从今天开始，给桥友们提供迟到的每日一牌。", - "content": "
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\n \n \n 新朋友\n \n \n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 点击\n \n \n \n 标兵桥牌\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 关注微信\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 老朋友\n \n \n
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\n \n \n 点击\n \n \n \n 右上角\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 分享本文\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 亚太锦标赛结束了，中国男队夺得冠军，在比赛期间所写的“每日一牌”，比赛期间并没有发出，从今天开始，给桥友们提供迟到的每日一牌。\n \n \n

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\n \n 5月17日每日一牌：有趣的4♥\n \n

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\n \n 在主打时，需要制定计划，找到看似不可能发生但能够完成定约的路线，而找到一条路线时，需要反复确认，是否可行。\n \n

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\n \n 下面是亚太锦标赛第一循环中国男队对韩国队的一副牌：\n \n

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\n \n 南家主打4♥加倍定约\n \n
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\n \n 东家开叫1♦，至少4张以上，南家争叫4♥，转到东家加倍，成为最后定约。\n \n

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\n \n 南家主打4♥加倍定约，西家首攻♦7，明手的牌看起来没什么用，先摆小，东家A吃， 马上出♦，现在庄家怎么办？\n \n

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\n \n 首攻♦到A，东家再出♦\n \n
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\n \n 将牌足够结实，不怕对方提升将牌，♦和将牌各有一个输墩，♠上面的输墩如何逃脱？如果自己手中出♠，至少要输两墩。\n \n

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\n \n 庄家发现，对方只有3张将牌，而且除了A之外，都是小将牌，假如将牌2-1分布，庄家就是铁牌了。他可以大将吃♦，打小将牌，如果西家是Ax两张，无论他出哪一张，明手都可以进手兑现♦赢墩，并且从明手出♠。\n \n

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\n \n 再进行下一步行动之前，先考虑一下对方是什么牌，西家是否确定是2张将牌。\n \n

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\n \n 西家没有叫4♠，不像有4张以上的♠，假如西家是单张♦，同时也只有2张将牌，那么他就是3-2-1-7牌型，他是否会选择叫5♣？如果西家的高花更短，他的♣相应更长，也更不容易Pass。\n \n

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\n \n 如果大将吃♦，打小将牌到明手的路线成功，需要西家是2张将牌、2张♦、不超过3张♠。\n \n

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\n \n 实战中，中国男队的庄家决定采取将牌2-1分布的路线，他大将吃♦，打小将牌，西家先跟小，明手将牌9大，发现将牌3-0，只好从明手出♠，东家不知为何抢上♠A，替庄家解决了♠问题，定约做成。\n \n

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\n \n 全手牌如下：\n \n

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\n \n 东家犯错，完成定约\n \n
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\n \n 这副牌在另一室的叫牌也是南家直接争叫4♥，但连若旸没有选择Pass准备罚放，而是直接加倍希望同伴叫牌，同伴叫出5♣，还赚了一个加倍。这副牌中国队两边成局，获得16IMP。\n \n

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\n \n 顺便谈一下东家的防守，虽然明显的♠A不应该马上出，但在第一墩♦A吃进后，它并不能确定同伴是单张♦，贸然继续♦，一旦庄家单张♦，可能损失惨重，更好的出牌还是试试♣，从同伴Pass 4♥并没有叫4♠来看，庄家的♠有一定的长度，他的♣较短，如果庄家是AQ双张♣，他至少还有4张♠，♦几乎肯定是单张了，所以出♦更不安全。\n \n

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\n \n \n \n \n \n 点击\n \n \n \n \n 阅读原文\n \n \n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 别忘了点个在看哦！转发那就太好了！\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 风雨十四载、再夺亚太冠\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 荏苒十四载、再战亚太赛\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 十四年归来仍是追风少年\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 曼谷重启亚太大赛\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第53届亚太桥牌锦标赛落幕，欧公赛决赛法国内战\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 中国桥牌队亚太锦标赛大四喜，欧公赛女子团体冠军产生\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧公赛公团齐老板被淘汰、亚太赛迎来最后高潮\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧公赛公团结束首轮淘汰赛、亚太赛接近尾声\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛公团预赛结束、亚太赛完成上半程比赛\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 亚太桥牌锦标赛结束女团、混团第一循环比赛\n \n \n \n
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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛公团女团开赛，亚太赛中国占据三项第一\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 亚太赛第一天中国女队占优，欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛混团冠军产生\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 亚太桥牌锦标赛开幕，欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛产生老年团体冠军\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第53届亚太桥牌锦标赛即将开赛\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第四届亚洲杯结束、中国香港捧起“宁波杯”\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 2022年亚洲杯开赛\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第三届亚洲杯桥牌赛开幕\n \n \n

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\n", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/fs-IXTIprP-cFsg1E2bafQ", - "creator": "标兵桥牌", - "pubDate": "Thu, 29 May 2025 00:00:00 ", - "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDTH0sTiajz6mMGDUjHnftbibdib7FEvMaiahjxG8C2mKODhpuRaUtBEnLTyDUl3T8iciaqCAYSUSymeB1ZA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", - "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", - "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDTH0sTiajz6mMGDUjHnftbibdib7FEvMaiahjxG8C2mKODhpuRaUtBEnLTyDUl3T8iciaqCAYSUSymeB1ZA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", - "id": "2247512565_1", - "language": "", - "folder": "桥牌", - "feed": "标兵桥牌", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "b2ba7615ea76a0fee1a3212e0c63f7bd", - "highlights": [] - }, { "title": "012WORLD - India faces daunting task after tax shock, experts say", "description": "

A worker arranges imitation zari thread at a wholesale shop in Ajmer, India, on July 7. India's garment sectors face stiff challenges after tariff shock.

\n

The 25 percent US tariffs likely to be imposed on Indian exports, which is higher than that of many countries in Asia, can wreak havoc on India's economy, analysts said.

\n

US President Donald Trump said on Wednesday that the United States is still negotiating with India on trade. Earlier in the day, amid talks to finalize a trade deal, he announced on his social media platform Truth Social a 25 percent tariff on Indian goods starting from Aug 1, with an additional but unspecified "penalty" for its defense and energy imports from Russia.

\n

"They have one of the highest tariffs in the world now, they're willing to cut it very substantially," Trump told reporters. "We're talking to India now — we'll see what happens… You'll know by the end of this week."

\n

Trump's deadline for US trade partners to finalize a trade deal with the US ends on Aug 1. New Delhi is yet to finalize a deal.

\n

The Indian government has taken note of Trump's statement on 25 percent tariffs and is "studying its implications", India's Ministry of Commerce and Industry said.

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"India and the US have been engaged in negotiations on concluding a fair, balanced and mutually beneficial bilateral trade agreement over the last few months. We remain committed to that objective. The government attaches utmost importance to protecting and promoting the welfare of our farmers, entrepreneurs, and MSMEs," the ministry said in a statement. Micro, small and medium enterprises are collectively referred to as MSMEs.

\n

The government will take "all steps necessary to secure our national interest, as has been the case with other trade agreements, including the latest Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement with the UK," the ministry said.

\n

"As a result, the country's trade and manufacturing will be severely affected. This move will hit virtually all export-driven businesses in the US," said Lekha Chakraborty, a professor of the New Delhi-based National Institute of Public Finance and Policy.

\n

"The tariffs will affect nearly $87 billion worth of goods sold to the US market annually. The US is one of India's largest export destinations."

\n

According to Sanjay Agarwal, a Kolkata-based stockbroker, electronics, including smartphones and components, face particular challenges. "India is now one of the major suppliers of iPhones to the US. So is the pharma sector, textiles and garments, gems and jewelry. India supplies around 25 percent of generic drugs consumed in America."

\n

The expert also cited some export organizations which have already warned that India's GDP growth could be reduced by 0.2-0.5 percentage points as a result of the tariffs.

\n

"India was one of the first countries to start trade talks with the Trump administration. It made many early concessions, including tariff reductions. It's been increasing US goods imports and investing in the US for years," Michael Kugelman, director of the South Asia Institute at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, said on X.

\n

Huge penalties

\n

India's seafood exports as well as the agricultural sector are expected to suffer most as these industries can't cough up huge penalties, Sebastian Morris, a former professor at the Indian Institute of Management in Ahmedabad, said.

\n

The US announcement to impose a 25 percent tariff plus a "penalty" comes ahead of the visit of US officials to India on Aug 25 for the next round of negotiations over the proposed bilateral trade agreement.

\n

"The penalty, based on India buying Russian oil and weapons, is more worrying. But keeping in mind that even with the deals we have seen so far, the parameters, the details and timelines are unclear. Even deadlines have proven to be fungible," Pushan Dutt, a professor of economics and political science at the INSEAD business school in Singapore, said.

\n

India's import of crude oil from Russia has increased in recent years. It bought about 1.63 million barrels a day of Russian crude last year, more than a third of its total imports, according to ship-tracking data compiled by Bloomberg.

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Contact the writers at vivienxu@chinadailyapac.com.

\n

", diff --git a/.obsidian/workspace.json b/.obsidian/workspace.json index d41dc3ef..0546d30e 100644 --- a/.obsidian/workspace.json +++ b/.obsidian/workspace.json @@ -35,8 +35,7 @@ "title": "2025-08-02" } } - ], - "currentTab": 1 + ] } ], "direction": "vertical" @@ -213,13 +212,13 @@ "state": { "type": "outline", "state": { - "file": "01-工作日记/2025-08-02.md", + "file": "02-技术评测/关于RSS.md", "followCursor": false, "showSearch": false, "searchQuery": "" }, "icon": "lucide-list", - "title": "2025-08-02 的大纲" + "title": "关于RSS 的大纲" } }, { @@ -338,12 +337,13 @@ "sheet-plus:创建 Excel 文件": false } }, - "active": "33412fe883f8ab47", + "active": "96eecab86ccde00c", "lastOpenFiles": [ - "01-工作日记/2025-08-01.md", - "02-技术评测/关于RSS.md", - "10-WebClipper/(76 封私信) Docker系列 安装个人RSS服务TTRSS 手机完美适配 - 知乎.md", + "03-学习笔记/微信公众号RSS.md", "01-工作日记/2025-08-02.md", + "02-技术评测/关于RSS.md", + "01-工作日记/2025-08-01.md", + "10-WebClipper/(76 封私信) Docker系列 安装个人RSS服务TTRSS 手机完美适配 - 知乎.md", "01-工作日记/2025-07-29.md", "10-WebClipper/Docker/一、mac 安装及使用docker_docker for mac-CSDN博客.md", "10-WebClipper/Obsidian笔记多端同步解决办法 | DiyBeta's Blog.md", @@ -367,7 +367,6 @@ "10-WebClipper/开源/AList的开源替代：OpenList.md", "10-WebClipper/电子书/使用Obsidian打造个人图书馆！.md", "40-Podcast/podnotes/Special English-World Humanoid Robot Games reveal new competition events.mp3", - "40-Podcast/podnotes/Special English-World Humanoid Robot Games reveal new competition events.md", "40-Podcast/podnotes/Special English-Post-exam economy ignites Chinas youth consumption surge.mp3", "08-Inbox/知识库分类导图.smm", "screenshot.png", diff --git a/02-技术评测/关于RSS.md b/02-技术评测/关于RSS.md index 9ad8d117..68c3c572 100644 --- a/02-技术评测/关于RSS.md +++ b/02-技术评测/关于RSS.md @@ -221,20 +221,28 @@ TTRSS安装fever插件Fever API可以支持！ 注：都是我自己用下来的感觉，不一定准确 如果你要使用 TTRSS，不建议使用官方原版，用 [🐋 Awesome TTRSS](https://ttrss.henry.wang/zh/) - miniflux搭建教程如下： https://yfi.moe/post/rsshub-miniflux/ +## 7.RSS客户端 -## 7. 成果和后续计划 +- PC +unread、reeder、netnewwire +- 移动端 +unread、netnewwire +- 浏览器 +feedpro -### 7.1 微信转发 +## 8. 成果和后续计划 + +### 8.1 微信转发 - http://himan.picp.net:4000 使用微信读书帐号进行抓取，但是不能连续，有封号风险 - http://himan.picp.net:8001 使用官网API接口，比较稳定 -## 7.2 TTRSS +## 8.2 TTRSS - http://himan.picp.net:1810 导入外部opml，订阅了大量RSS，安装了插件，可以在网站或者使用Mobile阅读app如：unread,可以在网页上通过rsshub或脚本直接订阅RSS！ -## 7.3 RSSHub +## 8.3 RSSHub - http://himan.picp.net:1202 可以使用别人已经做好的路由进行订阅；也可以自行进行各种RSS转换好订阅，待学习！ - -## 8. 参考链接 +## 9. 参考链接 - 网站RSS feed查找工具汇总 https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/719753010 - FreshRSS