diff --git a/.obsidian/plugins/cubox-sync/data.json b/.obsidian/plugins/cubox-sync/data.json index d4ea0f93..5beaf7a6 100644 --- a/.obsidian/plugins/cubox-sync/data.json +++ b/.obsidian/plugins/cubox-sync/data.json @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ "contentTemplate": "# {{{title}}}\n\n{{{description}}}\n\n{{{article_title}}} //文章内容标题\n{{{content}}} //文章正文\n\n\n[Read in Cubox]({{{cubox_url}}}) \n[Read Original]({{{url}}}) \n\n---\n\n{{#highlights.length}}\n## Annotations \n\n{{#highlights}}\n> {{{text}}} \n\n{{#note}}\n{{{note}}}\n{{/note}}\n[Link️]({{{cubox_url}}}) \n\n{{/highlights}}\n{{/highlights.length}}", "highlightInContent": true, "dateFormat": "yyyy-MM-dd", - "lastSyncTime": 1754280978653, + "lastSyncTime": 1754282778611, "lastSyncCardId": "7351520724877575515", "lastCardUpdateTime": "2025-08-03T13:52:57.494+0800", "syncing": false diff --git a/.obsidian/plugins/rss-reader/data.json b/.obsidian/plugins/rss-reader/data.json index 0c7f5c82..5d395498 100644 --- a/.obsidian/plugins/rss-reader/data.json +++ b/.obsidian/plugins/rss-reader/data.json @@ -546,6 +546,28 @@ "image": null, "description": "人民日报社主管主办，原名《文史参考》，“真相、趣味、良知”，为学术界搭建话语平台，为新锐者提供思想阵地，为文史爱好者营造精神家园。", "items": [ + { + "title": "一日一技 | 让 Notion 树状结构数据库的筛选功能更实用", + "description": "不涉及外部工具，用字段、自动化流程和按钮，即可搭建起这套全自动的全链接工作流。查看全文", + "content": "不涉及外部工具，用字段、自动化流程和按钮，即可搭建起这套全自动的全链接工作流。查看全文", + "category": "", + "link": "https://sspai.com/post/101372", + "creator": "清垚土土土", + "pubDate": "Mon, 04 Aug 2025 11:43:34 +0800", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "zh", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "少数派", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "77db5696c9dcd8bbd6de8ac61bf1109f", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "派早报：新劳动争议司法解释回应竞业等热点问题", "description": "你可能错过的新鲜事新劳动争议司法解释回应竞业等热点问题8月1日，最高人民法院召开新闻发布会，发布《最高人民法院关于审理劳动争议案件适用法律问题的解释（二）》，针对社会广泛关注的热点争议问题，统一法律适 ...查看全文", @@ -766,28 +788,6 @@ "hash": "bd8aac51bec2ba62752e5dd8b78989d4", "highlights": [] }, - { - "title": "002CHINA - Working rights of people past retirement age boosted", - "description": "

China will further tighten the working rights protection of people past retirement age who have returned or want to return to the job market, according to a draft regulation.

\n

Five central departments including the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the National Health Commission and the Ministry of Emergency Management jointly released the draft regulation on Thursday.

\n

It is the nation's first document focusing on people past retirement age and their working benefits, as reported by the Xinhua News Agency, and is currently soliciting public opinion till Aug 31.

\n

Under the proposed regulation, employers are encouraged to offer appropriate positions to individuals beyond retirement age, considering their expertise, skills and background. They should establish written agreements outlining job responsibilities, work location, hours, breaks, holidays, compensation, social insurance and workplace protections.

\n

The draft stipulates that older workers in regular jobs need to be paid at least the local minimum wage, while prohibiting employers from assigning these workers roles that harm their physical or mental well-being.

\n

Also, it requires employers to give the workers training and education in occupational safety to reduce or avoid accidents and harm during work, adding that the workers will enjoy job-related injury insurance that will also cover occupational diseases.

\n

Yao Junchang, cofounder of W&H Law Firm in Beijing, praised the draft regulation, saying, "It shows China's stronger intensity in protecting people's working rights."

\n

In his view, the written agreement between employers and post-retirement age workers has nearly the same legal validity as standard labor contracts, meaning these older workers enjoy roughly the same working rights and benefits as regular workers.

\n

In recent years, the population of workers beyond retirement age has been increasing due to the shrinking working-age labor force, enhanced education and health conditions among the elderly, and their eagerness to re-enter the job market, according to Li Chang'an, a professor at the University of International Business and Economics.

\n

He said that as the current labor law is not suitable for workers past retirement age, they may face many challenges in gaining working rights or benefits after rejoining the job market. He added that the draft regulation will fill the gap in the law.

\n

Fan Wei, a professor from the School of Labor Economics at the Capital University of Economics and Business, told Xinhua News Agency that the proposed regulation is a necessary step to positively cope with the nation's aging problem, which will support the elderly willing to work by giving them a chance to fulfill their potential without worries.

\n

From Jan 1, China has started to progressively raise the statutory retirement age of male workers from 60 to 63 and for female workers from 50 or 55 to 55 or 58, depending on their jobs or occupations in the last 15 years. The move aims to better use human resources based on scientific analysis of the aging problem.

\n

chengsi@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "content": "

China will further tighten the working rights protection of people past retirement age who have returned or want to return to the job market, according to a draft regulation.

\n

Five central departments including the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the National Health Commission and the Ministry of Emergency Management jointly released the draft regulation on Thursday.

\n

It is the nation's first document focusing on people past retirement age and their working benefits, as reported by the Xinhua News Agency, and is currently soliciting public opinion till Aug 31.

\n

Under the proposed regulation, employers are encouraged to offer appropriate positions to individuals beyond retirement age, considering their expertise, skills and background. They should establish written agreements outlining job responsibilities, work location, hours, breaks, holidays, compensation, social insurance and workplace protections.

\n

The draft stipulates that older workers in regular jobs need to be paid at least the local minimum wage, while prohibiting employers from assigning these workers roles that harm their physical or mental well-being.

\n

Also, it requires employers to give the workers training and education in occupational safety to reduce or avoid accidents and harm during work, adding that the workers will enjoy job-related injury insurance that will also cover occupational diseases.

\n

Yao Junchang, cofounder of W&H Law Firm in Beijing, praised the draft regulation, saying, "It shows China's stronger intensity in protecting people's working rights."

\n

In his view, the written agreement between employers and post-retirement age workers has nearly the same legal validity as standard labor contracts, meaning these older workers enjoy roughly the same working rights and benefits as regular workers.

\n

In recent years, the population of workers beyond retirement age has been increasing due to the shrinking working-age labor force, enhanced education and health conditions among the elderly, and their eagerness to re-enter the job market, according to Li Chang'an, a professor at the University of International Business and Economics.

\n

He said that as the current labor law is not suitable for workers past retirement age, they may face many challenges in gaining working rights or benefits after rejoining the job market. He added that the draft regulation will fill the gap in the law.

\n

Fan Wei, a professor from the School of Labor Economics at the Capital University of Economics and Business, told Xinhua News Agency that the proposed regulation is a necessary step to positively cope with the nation's aging problem, which will support the elderly willing to work by giving them a chance to fulfill their potential without worries.

\n

From Jan 1, China has started to progressively raise the statutory retirement age of male workers from 60 to 63 and for female workers from 50 or 55 to 55 or 58, depending on their jobs or occupations in the last 15 years. The move aims to better use human resources based on scientific analysis of the aging problem.

\n

chengsi@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/02/content_002_688d3589ed50ccabe1516d09.htm#002CHINA", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 02 Aug 2025 00:21:04 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "bb7bb5dc5130d8559058ba12fd641a5c", - "highlights": [] - }, { "title": "006WORLD - Briefly", "description": "

UNITED STATES

\n

NASA, Roscosmos chiefs hold rare talks

\n

NASA's new temporary administrator on Thursday held a rare face-to-face meeting in Florida with Russia's space agency chief, where they discussed cooperation on the moon and maintaining the space powers' long-standing relationship on the International Space Station, Roscosmos said. The talks between Sean Duffy and Dmitry Bakanov at the US space agency's Kennedy Space Center represented the first in-person meeting between the heads of NASA and Russia's space agency, Roscosmos, since 2018.

\n

SOUTH KOREA

\n

Jailed ex-leader Yoon resists questioning

\n

South Korea's impeached former president Yoon Suk-yeol lay on his prison cell floor in his underwear to resist attempts to interrogate him, prosecutors said on Friday. Prosecutors obtained a fresh arrest warrant on Thursday to forcibly bring the former leader in for questioning over allegations of election tampering. However, they were "unable to do so due to his strong refusal", prosecutor Oh Jeong-hee told reporters. Yoon was wearing "a sleeveless top and prison-issued briefs," prosecutors said.

\n

", @@ -810,28 +810,6 @@ "hash": "afc9cb66b19cacaeb246ea531cae149e", "highlights": [] }, - { - "title": "001FRONT - Resilient growth", - "description": "

A worker uses equipment at the workshop of Anhui Shengfang Machinery Manufacturing Co in Huaibei, Anhui province, on Monday. China's manufacturing sector softened slightly in July due to seasonal factors, but underlying growth momentum remained resilient, with emerging industries gaining traction and business confidence continuing to improve. See story, page 3

\n

", - "content": "

A worker uses equipment at the workshop of Anhui Shengfang Machinery Manufacturing Co in Huaibei, Anhui province, on Monday. China's manufacturing sector softened slightly in July due to seasonal factors, but underlying growth momentum remained resilient, with emerging industries gaining traction and business confidence continuing to improve. See story, page 3

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/01/content_001_688bd201ed50ccabe1516b8b.htm#001FRONT", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 01 Aug 2025 00:21:04 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "2c6e392b72cd00aa2ce839721d16ff64", - "highlights": [] - }, { "title": "006CHINA - Placing trust in children to forge their own path", "description": "

\n

Zhang Rong, 48, government worker in Beijing

\n

My son has just finished the college entrance exam and is researching which university and what major he wants to study, all by himself.

\n

At the age of 18, he is able to choose his own path and take responsibility for his life. We respect his opinions and only provide him with some guidance. We tell him about which majors would be good for his future career. He wants to work in research and technology, and prefers college majors related to science and engineering.

\n

His father wanted him to study medicine, which he was not interested in. I discussed with him about the possibility of doctors being replaced by artificial intelligence and he shared his views. He said that doctors need to build trust with patients through face-to-face interactions, which is something AI may not be able to achieve. Without trust, one may not endorse the treatment plan. I think my son is insightful.

\n

His father tends to be stricter with him. Sometimes, when it comes to studying, his dad feels he isn't putting in enough effort. But I think that our son has his own pace. His father simply aims to toughen him up, believing it will lead to certain outcomes. From what I've observed, that is partly because my son's grandfather is strict with his father. I believe my son is a relaxed child. I emphasize the importance of respecting his individuality and what he values.

\n

I would like to seek my son's advice and opinions, as he is good at independent thinking. We don't have strict rules in our interactions. I'm amazed by his unique insights that are often beyond my expectations. I find myself often praising him, acknowledging his brilliance.

\n

He is indeed an easygoing boy. For example, when he played the board game Go, he would calmly explain his moves to his opponents. He has a gentle personality and we have never pressured him to achieve specific goals. We don't force him, but we encourage him to strive for excellence.

\n

He has many friends, some of whom are outstanding students. He may learn from some of his classmates' strengths but still maintains his own unique qualities. He may have classmates who don't perform as well academically, but he believes in their capabilities and thinks they will excel in the future. He is a child with great potential and sincerely appreciates the strengths of others. He acknowledges his own limitations, such as not delving as deeply into subjects as some of his peers. He has a good understanding of himself and his abilities.

\n

Although we didn't push him excessively, the pressure from the surrounding parents and institutions was significant. While many families enrolled their children in extra classes, we did too, but not to the extreme levels of intensity. Not every child is suited for tutorial classes like Olympiad math. But if my child wasn't part of it, I felt like he would fall behind, leading to a culture of intense competition. However, we don't specifically push him to excel academically. Some parents went all out, enrolling their child in multiple classes across different levels, like advanced math classes.

\n

In primary school, we focused on cultivating his interests and hobbies. He enjoyed playing Go, rugby, learning the piano and playing the trombone. These activities have helped him cope with stress and improve his mood.

\n

During kindergarten and primary school, I would often take him on trips to explore and play with friends. When we went out, we visited various places, including remote and challenging locations. For example, we once traveled to Guizhou province, where we experienced activities like harvesting corn to understand different aspects of life. I also took him to rural areas to observe the countryside lifestyle. When we went abroad, I made sure to expose him to different cultures and experiences. That helped him relax and get his own insights and reflections.

\n

Zhang Rong spoke with Li Hongyang.

\n

", @@ -854,28 +832,6 @@ "hash": "dc1a6951a3c1717bfd0c2fb78e04338a", "highlights": [] }, - { - "title": "010WORLD - Briefly", - "description": "

LITHUANIA

\n

PM resigns amid graft charges investigation

\n

Lithuanian Prime Minister Gintautas Paluckas on Thursday announced his resignation as the country's head of government and chairman of the Lithuanian Social Democratic Party. Paluckas' departure from office comes amid investigations into his financial dealings and allegedly inappropriate involvement in business, ties to certain businesspeople and failure to pay damages owed to the Vilnius municipality. Under the Constitution of Lithuania, the entire cabinet will resign along with the prime minister.

\n

SOUTH KOREA

\n

Warrant issued again for ex-president Yoon

\n

A South Korean court on Thursday issued a fresh arrest warrant for former president Yoon Suk-yeol, enabling prosecutors to forcibly bring him in for questioning after he refused to appear for questioning multiple times. The warrant, which was issued by the Seoul Central District Court, had been requested by a team leading an investigation into corruption allegations that involve Yoon's wife, Kim Keon-hee. Yoon defied the special counsel's summons to appear for questioning twice.

\n

", - "content": "

LITHUANIA

\n

PM resigns amid graft charges investigation

\n

Lithuanian Prime Minister Gintautas Paluckas on Thursday announced his resignation as the country's head of government and chairman of the Lithuanian Social Democratic Party. Paluckas' departure from office comes amid investigations into his financial dealings and allegedly inappropriate involvement in business, ties to certain businesspeople and failure to pay damages owed to the Vilnius municipality. Under the Constitution of Lithuania, the entire cabinet will resign along with the prime minister.

\n

SOUTH KOREA

\n

Warrant issued again for ex-president Yoon

\n

A South Korean court on Thursday issued a fresh arrest warrant for former president Yoon Suk-yeol, enabling prosecutors to forcibly bring him in for questioning after he refused to appear for questioning multiple times. The warrant, which was issued by the Seoul Central District Court, had been requested by a team leading an investigation into corruption allegations that involve Yoon's wife, Kim Keon-hee. Yoon defied the special counsel's summons to appear for questioning twice.

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/01/content_010_688bd29ced50ccabe1516bb2.htm#010WORLD", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 01 Aug 2025 00:21:04 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "c0809fdf798fe48af48435330bfac04e", - "highlights": [] - }, { "title": "平阳县吏霍仲儒：随便生个儿子不是大汉战神就是权倾朝野", "description": "



本 文 约 4000 字
阅 读 需 要 14 分钟


谁能想到，西汉两位擎天巨柱——横扫匈奴的“冠军侯”霍去病与权倾三朝的大司马霍光，竟是同一位默默无闻的小吏之子？一段尘封往事，揭开史上传奇的“父凭子贵”篇章。



怂包小吏的“风花雪月”


霍仲孺，这个名字你听起来可能很陌生——实际上，把他放在人群中，也并不会多看几眼。就是这样一位无名小吏，却因一纸调令改变了人生轨迹。



想象一下，西汉平阳县衙的某个午后，这位名叫霍仲孺的县吏正对着竹简账册打哈欠。他的生活像县衙门口那棵老槐树，纹丝不动又索然无味——直到一纸调令砸中了他：进京！去长安平阳侯府当差！


在长安侍奉平阳侯期间，这位从河东郡来的小吏就不老实了，他与一位叫卫少儿的婢女互生情愫——情意绵绵后就私通在一起了（想来也是因为这位霍仲孺外貌不错，毕竟儿子霍光可是“长财七尺三寸，白皙，疏眉目，美须髯”）。


结果便是，卫少儿怀孕了，可霍仲孺的行为却极为不厚道，放在现在肯定要被贴上“大渣男”的标签——他并未将卫少儿娶进门，而是离开了长安，回到平阳县后还立即就娶妻生子，把长安的风花雪月全都抛诸脑后，仿佛与卫少儿的故事从未发生，继续当着他的县城小吏，不曾想过那对被抛弃的孤儿寡母会面临怎样的艰难。



《汉书·霍光金日磾传》卷六十八：

父中孺，河东平阳人也，以县吏给事平阳侯家，与侍者卫少皃私通而生去病。中孺吏毕归家，娶妇生光，因绝不相闻。


留在长安的卫少儿独自面对着流言蜚语和日渐隆起的腹部，怀胎十月后（公元前140年），生下了一位男婴，名为霍去病——或许从私通的那一刻起，命运的“馈赠”便在策马赶来的路上。


战神儿子“空降”认爹


而历史证明，这位霍姓小吏跑得了爹责，却跑不过父凭子贵的逆天剧本！



作为侍女之子，尤其还是一个爹不要，而且爹还不知道跑哪去的私生子，霍去病出身时的地位是相当低的，看上去似乎是要当一辈子的奴仆。但就在霍去病一岁的时候，小姨卫子夫被汉武帝宠幸，卫家也从此摆脱了奴仆的命运，后来母亲卫少儿更是与“官N代”陈掌（曲逆侯陈平的曾孙）结为夫妻。


《汉书·外戚传》

“孝武卫皇后字子夫，生微也……元朔元年，生男据，遂立为皇后。”


《汉书·卫青霍去病传》：

“霍去病，大将军青姊少皃子也。其父霍仲孺先与少皃通，生去病。及卫皇后尊，少皃更为詹事陈掌妻。”


《汉书·霍光金日磾传》卷六十八：

“久之，少皃女弟子夫得幸于武帝，立为皇后，去病以皇后姊子贵幸。”


一转眼，霍去病也已长大成人，当年被霍仲孺弃如敝屣的“拖油瓶”，已经凭借卫氏家族的荣耀（姨母卫子夫贵为皇后，舅舅卫青官拜大将军）与自身逆天的军事天赋成长为大汉帝国征战四方的好男儿——十七岁率八百铁骑横扫漠南，十九岁封冠军侯，二十一岁任骠骑大将军，河西走廊在他的马蹄下震颤，“匈奴远遁，漠南无王庭”的功勋彪炳史册。



这个时候，身为母亲的卫少儿，也告诉了霍去病的真实身世：


“既壮大，乃自知父为霍仲孺。”（《汉书·霍光金日磾传》）


霍去病又该怎样面对自己的亲生父亲呢？——


据《汉书》记载，在一次出征匈奴的时候，霍去病特意绕了个弯，前往河东平阳，见到了那个抛弃母亲，除了姓氏外没有给予自己一天父爱的亲爹：


“会为骠骑将军击匈奴，道出河东，河东太守郊迎，负弩矢先驱，至平阳传舍，遣吏迎霍仲孺。”


一见到霍仲孺，这位冠军侯并没有像爽文小说里的主角那样开启复仇剧本，而是立刻跪下认爹——仲孺趋入拜谒，将军迎拜，因跪曰：“去病不早自知为大人遗体也。”（《汉书·霍光金日磾传》）




而这位久居官场的小吏，也当即叩头，回应的话说得很含蓄，手却伸得很长——中孺扶报叩头，曰：“老臣得托命将军，此天力也。”（《汉书·霍光金日磾传》）这个“托命”本质上就是在要钱，霍去病对此也没说什么，既然自己要“尽孝”，也有能力，于是大手一挥，买下良田、宅院、奴婢送给生父：“去病大为中孺买田宅、奴婢而去。”


等到班师回朝的时候，霍去病又来了平阳一次，这一次，他还带走了自己同父异母的弟弟霍光——未来的又一根汉家擎天柱就此被拔离泥土，开始向上生长。



这位被兄长“顺手牵”回长安的平阳少年，后来成长为三朝老臣，为汉王朝鞍前马后，班固曾高度评价他道：


“受襁褓之托，任汉室之寄，当庙堂，拥幼君，摧燕王，仆上官，因权制敌，以成其忠。处废置之际，临大节而不可夺，遂匡国家，安社稷。拥昭立宣，光为师保，虽周公、阿衡，何以加此！”（《汉书》）


死后更是荣登“麒麟阁十一功臣”之首——


受诏辅政，稳定朝政：“上以光为大司马大将军，……皆拜卧内床下，受遗诏辅少主。明日，武帝崩，太子袭尊号，是为孝昭皇帝。帝年八岁，政事一决于光。”“先是，后元年，侍中仆射莽何罗与弟重合侯通谋为逆，时光与金日磾、上官桀等共诛之，功未录。武帝病，封玺书曰：‘帝崩发书以从事。’遗诏封金日磾为秺侯，上官桀为安阳侯，光为博陆侯，皆以前捕反者功封。”


废立皇帝，安定汉室：“光即与群臣俱见白太后，具陈昌邑王不可以承宗庙状。…… 光与群臣连名奏王，…… 荒淫迷惑，失帝王礼仪，乱汉制度，…… 当废。…… 皇太后诏曰：‘可。’”“近亲唯有卫太子孙号皇曾孙在民间，咸称述焉。光遂与丞相敞等上奏曰：‘《礼》曰：“人道亲亲故尊祖，尊祖故敬宗。” 大宗亡嗣，择支子孙贤者为嗣。孝武皇帝曾孙病已，武帝时有诏……’”


辅佐幼主，成就中兴：“昭帝既冠，遂委任光，迄十三年，百姓充实，四夷宾服。”



而远在平阳的霍仲孺呢？只需喝着美酒，听着小曲。当年他弃子跑路的狼狈与此刻的躺赢人生形成了极致的对比：霍家双子，一个封狼居胥荡平四夷，一个三朝重臣执掌乾坤，硬生生给这样一位渣爹带来了泼天的富贵，以“大将军霍去病、大司马霍光生父”之名，生前得以奉养，死后更在史册留名。 

 

生子当如孙仲谋


曹操若见此景，怕是要立马划掉那句“生子当如孙仲谋”的感叹，当即赋诗道——“为父当如霍仲孺！”而历史上，“父凭子贵”的例子更是屡见不鲜。



同样的还有刘邦的父亲刘太公，依靠着儿子的辉煌，成了历史上第二位太上皇（第一位是秦庄襄王嬴楚，刘太公也是历史上第一位活着的太上皇）。


《汉书・高帝纪》记载，高祖六年夏五月丙午，刘邦下诏“诸王、通侯、将军、群卿、大夫已尊朕为皇帝，而太公未有号，今上尊太公曰太上皇”。


（注：颜师古注曰：“太上，极尊之称也。皇，君也。天子之父，故号曰皇。不预治国，故不言帝也”。）

 

霍仲孺让我们了解了一位渣爹的“跑路胜利”，而朱世珍则用尸骨证明，即使彻底躺下，也能被儿迎上“神坛”！当64岁的朱五四（后被朱元璋改名朱世珍）在1344年淮北大瘟疫中“贫困病交加”地咽下最后一口气时，怎么也不会想到——二十四年后，他的名字将被刻上太庙金匾，裹尸的破布也被换成了十二章衮服，连埋葬他们的荒坡都成了大明第一皇陵！整个家族都被永远地记载在了史书上——但前提是，得生出个“朱重八（朱元璋）”！


《明实录・太祖实录》记载，洪武元年（1368）正月初四，“乙亥，上率世子暨诸子奉神主诣太庙，追尊四代祖考、妣为皇帝、皇后，奉上玉宝、玉册。”

 

再看清代，电视剧《康熙王朝》中有一幕常常受到观众的调侃：



据《朝鲜李朝实录中的中国史料》第十一册中记载：


远接使金演迎勑而归，以闻于译舌者言于户曹判书李台佐曰：“康熙皇帝在畅春苑病剧，知气不能起，召阁老马齐言曰：‘第四子雍亲王胤禛最贤，我死后立为嗣皇。胤禛第二子有英雄气象，必封为太子。’仍以为君不易之道，平治天下之要，训诫胤禛。”


（注：乾隆是雍正的第四个儿子，于1711年出生，是清朝的第六位皇帝，统治时间长达六十年。虽然他是第四子，但在雍正的儿子中，成年后只有四个存活，因此他在实际排行中是第二子）


这么说，咱雍正也是沾上了儿子的福呀，怎么不能算得上是“父凭子贵”呢？



雍正虽然不能算是完全因乾隆取得皇位，但历史上，还真有沾了儿子的光而成功登上皇位的例子——明仁宗朱高炽。


靖难之后，朱棣登上了皇位，可太子之位却迟迟未能定下。长子朱高炽言行适度，喜好读书，在靖难中安稳了后方，却身体不好（《明实录》记载他“体肥重、且足疾”）；次子朱高煦则作战勇猛，在武将中威信很高，多次救成祖与危难之际——


《明史纪事本末》记载：“燕王欲且议和北还，会高煦引北骑至，王大喜，遽起按甲，仗钺抚煦背曰：‘勉之！世子多疾。’于是煦殊死战，燕王率精骑直冲庸阵，庸军小却。”



正值朱棣左右为难之际，大臣解缙的一个词，终于使成祖坚定了立朱高炽的决心，这个词便是“好圣孙”。据《明史·谢缙传》载：


“先是，储位未定，淇国公丘福言汉王（朱高煦）有功，宜立。帝密问缙。缙称：‘皇长子仁孝，天下归心。’帝不应。缙又顿首曰：‘好圣孙。’谓宣宗也。帝颔之。太子遂定。”


永乐九年（1411），朱瞻基被朱棣册封为皇太孙，并悉心教导。


 

霍仲孺的人生堪称历史开出的最荒诞的玩笑——这个因惧怕负责而抛下怀孕女子、连夜逃回老家的平阳县小吏，未建寸功，却坐享泼天富贵！然历史终以最冷厉的笔锋清算这场侥幸：霍光尸骨未寒，霍氏家族就被满门抄斩……

 

参考文献：

[1]吴晗. 朝鲜李朝实录中的中国史料[M]. 北京：中华书局，1980.

[2]李国章. 二十五史新编·西晋书、东晋书[M]. 上海：上海古籍出版社, 1997. 

[3]班固. 汉书[M]. 北京：中华书局，2000.

[4]张廷玉. 明史[M]. 北京：中华书局，2000. 

[5]常强. 霍光从“贫二代”到“富一代”[J]. 国学，2010(5)：26-28.

[6]周晓露. 西汉思想与政治[D]. 长沙：湖南大学，2010.

[7]杨婷. 霍去病与匈奴的战争[D]. 西安：西北大学，2011.

[8]杨阳洋. 趣说汉朝407年[M]. 微信读书出品，2023.


*本文系“国家人文历史”独家稿件，欢迎读者转发朋友圈。




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作者 | 宁境‍‍‍‍‍
编辑 | 胡心雅
 主编 | 周斌
排版 | 徐沁（实习）
校对 | 火炬 古月
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\n \n\n \n
\n\n \n 文章原文\n
\n \n\n \n\n \"\"
", @@ -4021,28 +3977,6 @@ "hash": "1189f681b3a409d6c3f0d7e40085e750", "highlights": [] }, - { - "title": "007CHINA - Gut microbiota help blue sheep adapt to local diets", - "description": "

XINING — Chinese researchers have recently revealed that the plasticity of gut microbiota is a key factor assisting ungulates in better adapting to different regions on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in western China.

\n

This study has provided insights into understanding how gut microbiota helps hosts adapt to local diets during the adaptation of ungulates to different areas on "the roof of the world", according to the Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

\n

Conducted by a research team from the NWIPB, the study also unveiled the host-microbiota synergy mechanism of plateau wildlife, thereby providing a scientific basis for formulating targeted protection strategies. These findings have been published in the journal mSystems.

\n

"Revealing how wildlife adapts to different regions has always been one of the goals of conservation biology, especially given the background of accelerating loss of global biodiversity," said Zhang Tongzuo, leader of the study and a researcher at the NWIPB.

\n

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the world's highest-altitude ecosystem and one of the global hot spots in the field of conservation biology studies. It boasts diverse habitats and a rich variety of wild animals, including blue sheep, which is one of the ungulates with the widest distribution and the largest population in this region.

\n

"Blue sheep are widely distributed in various habitats, such as shrub-lands, grasslands and deserts — forming a complex regional dietary differentiation pattern. It provides an ideal model for studying host-microorganism co-adaptation in extreme environments," Zhang said.

\n

The researchers used blue sheep as the focus of the study, adopting high-throughput sequencing techniques and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to investigate their diets and the composition and functioning of their gut microbiota.

\n

The team collected and tested the composition of gut microbial metabolites in three regions of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau — namely the Qinghai Lake basin, the Kunlun Mountains and the Sanjiangyuan area.

\n

The team explored their different diets and the composition and functional characteristics of their gut microbiota, as well as differences in their metabolites. Compared with their peers living in the other two regions, blue sheep in the Qinghai Lake basin possess gut microbiota with a greater capacity to digest seemingly indigestible substances — thus significantly enhancing their energy conversion efficiency, according to the research findings.

\n

This study for the first time reveals an adaptive strategy for efficient energy acquisition in plateau blue sheep via a low crude fiber dietary mode, Zhang said.

\n

", - "content": "

XINING — Chinese researchers have recently revealed that the plasticity of gut microbiota is a key factor assisting ungulates in better adapting to different regions on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in western China.

\n

This study has provided insights into understanding how gut microbiota helps hosts adapt to local diets during the adaptation of ungulates to different areas on "the roof of the world", according to the Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

\n

Conducted by a research team from the NWIPB, the study also unveiled the host-microbiota synergy mechanism of plateau wildlife, thereby providing a scientific basis for formulating targeted protection strategies. These findings have been published in the journal mSystems.

\n

"Revealing how wildlife adapts to different regions has always been one of the goals of conservation biology, especially given the background of accelerating loss of global biodiversity," said Zhang Tongzuo, leader of the study and a researcher at the NWIPB.

\n

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is the world's highest-altitude ecosystem and one of the global hot spots in the field of conservation biology studies. It boasts diverse habitats and a rich variety of wild animals, including blue sheep, which is one of the ungulates with the widest distribution and the largest population in this region.

\n

"Blue sheep are widely distributed in various habitats, such as shrub-lands, grasslands and deserts — forming a complex regional dietary differentiation pattern. It provides an ideal model for studying host-microorganism co-adaptation in extreme environments," Zhang said.

\n

The researchers used blue sheep as the focus of the study, adopting high-throughput sequencing techniques and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to investigate their diets and the composition and functioning of their gut microbiota.

\n

The team collected and tested the composition of gut microbial metabolites in three regions of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau — namely the Qinghai Lake basin, the Kunlun Mountains and the Sanjiangyuan area.

\n

The team explored their different diets and the composition and functional characteristics of their gut microbiota, as well as differences in their metabolites. Compared with their peers living in the other two regions, blue sheep in the Qinghai Lake basin possess gut microbiota with a greater capacity to digest seemingly indigestible substances — thus significantly enhancing their energy conversion efficiency, according to the research findings.

\n

This study for the first time reveals an adaptive strategy for efficient energy acquisition in plateau blue sheep via a low crude fiber dietary mode, Zhang said.

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/01/content_007_688bd26aed50ccabe1516ba6.htm#007CHINA", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 01 Aug 2025 00:21:04 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "e8be31fbc06f265da29c45e4403baeb5", - "highlights": [] - }, { "title": "简单的Web云存储解决方案bewCloud", "description": "bewCloud 是一个简化版的自托管云存储解决方案，可作为 Nextcloud 和 ownCloud 的更简单替代方案。",