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本 文 约 3500字
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我们读范仲淹“浊酒一杯家万里，燕然未勒归无计”，感受其戍边艰辛；看《杨家将》浴血抗辽、狄青征讨西夏，知其惨烈。但支撑前线“金戈铁马”的巨额军费从何而来？答案之一，竟藏在北宋皇家养象所的“门票”里！



当市民花几个铜板，争相围观东南亚进贡的珍稀大象表演跪拜、吼叫、驮人时，门票收入正涓涓流入国库。这些本该只在皇家典礼上露脸的“祥瑞”，被逼转型“卖艺”，成了特殊的“筹款大使”。


一边是边疆烽火与财政重压，一边是皇家动物园里的萌兽“营业”，北宋朝廷在困局中展现的务实与灵活，尽显于此。



仪仗以外的“副业”

御象的商业化表演


北宋皇家仪仗队中，来自东南亚的巨象可以说是皇家威严的象征。这些由占城、真腊等东南亚国家进贡的“祥瑞”大象，专司重大典礼仪仗。在宋朝隆重的典礼——南郊祭天大礼上，驯象的地位十分突出，戏分较重。在北宋熙宁六年（1073）的郊祀之前，宋神宗专门诏颁《南郊教象仪制》：


“所用转光旗十五，铜沙罗一，鼓十，乘骑人七，簇引旗鼓人三十一。排引日，选驯象六，在六引之前，行中道，分左右，各备鞍、莲花座、紫罗绣鞔、蕉盘、钤铎、杏叶络头。一人骑，四人簇引，并花脚乌巾、乘徘绝青樱桃锦络缝四衣，涂金双鹿带。一内侍押象，绣衣执挝。”


仪仗中有六象，另备用一象，称“副象”。围绕六象的有旗帜、锣鼓器乐，每象一人骑乘，四人在前引导，另有宦官一人穿绣衣执兵械担任主管。辽宁博物馆藏“北宋卤簿钟”上，即有驯象仪仗的图像。这意味着，作为仪仗的驯象队伍，本身还有一套仪仗，其中仅人员至少就有三十九人。而且单独制定、皇帝亲自颁布《南郊教象仪制》，其在典礼中的作用之大、地位之高可想而知。类似情况为后代继承，一直延续到清朝。



但御象在担任皇家仪仗队的职责以外，其实也进行专门的娱乐表演，甚至收取相应的门票收入。北宋熙宁五年（1072）十月七日，一位名叫成寻的日本僧人，路过应天府养象所时，观看驯象表演，载入日记：


到象厩。一屋有三头象，东一屋有四头象。先见三头象，有饲象人教象，有外国僧等来见，可拜。第一象屈后二足，垂头拜踞。次教可称诺由，即出气、出声。高一丈二尺许，长一丈六尺许，鼻长六尺许，牙长七尺，曲向上，以鼻卷取刍食之。象师与钱五十文了。望第二象所，象师又乞钱，五文与了。拜诺同前，高一丈，长一丈三尺，有牙。次至第三象所，高长同第一象，拜诺同前，与钱同前。三象皆男象也。至四头屋，第一象高长同前，第一象拜诺、与钱同前，女象也。有左牙，一尺五寸许，右无牙。第二象无女象牙，拜诺、与钱如前。第三象，牡象也。高一丈三尺，长一丈七尺许，屈四足拜诺，声极高，人人大惊，三声出之，与钱同前。第四象，牡象也。与钱五文。后象师从牙登顶上，举牙，令登人，是希有事也。高一丈四尺许，长一丈八尺许，屈后二足，拜诺同前。皆黑象也。后二足付绳系也。


这七头驯象，日常为游客表演跪拜、唱喏、象牙载人等节目，均为有偿演出。成寻一行总共付费七次，大概是入场费五十文，每表演一次再交五文，凡六次三十文，共八十文钱。朝廷养象所显然又是皇家动物园和马戏团，毕竟充当仪仗的时间有限，有条件在大部分业余时间内通过表演赚钱。而且，这些大象是按照性别分屋饲养，例如“三头屋”为雄象、“四头屋”含雌象，可以看出宋人对大象的科学管理。


这种让尊贵的皇家仪仗象“屈尊”卖艺的做法，背后是北宋王朝沉重的财政包袱——“三冗”（冗兵、冗官、冗费）。庞大的军费、高昂的官俸、沉重的岁币，让国库常年吃紧。同时，传统的田赋、专卖收入捉襟见肘，朝廷必须绞尽脑汁开源。



这种将皇家象征转化为商业资源的做法，可以说是北宋朝廷在财政压力下的一种尝试。随着疆域收缩和战事频发，传统的赋税收入难以填补军费窟窿，统治者不得不将目光投向皇家资产的“闲置价值”。养象所的日常开销本就由国库承担，而让大象在非仪仗时段进行表演，既能增加收入以补贴财政，又能让这些珍稀动物发挥额外作用，可谓一举两得。这种“以象创收”的模式，在当时或许面临着一些关于皇家体面的争议，但从实际效果来看，确为朝廷开辟了一条新的财源，也让普通市民有机会近距离接触到原本遥不可及的皇家“祥瑞”，在一定程度上拉近了皇家与民间的距离。而这种务实的经济思维，也为后来南宋时期皇家园林等资源的商业化利用提供了早期的借鉴。


动物园创收

玉津园与公共开放的财政潜力


宋人，除了可以在应天府养象所看到贡象的娱乐表演外，还可以在“动物园”定期参观它们以及其他奇珍异兽。以东京玉津园为例，作为著名的动物园，东京玉津园饲养着犀牛、孔雀、驯象等动物。据《玉海》载：


“（北宋）乾德五年八月，有象自岭南来，至都城外获之。其后吴越、广南、交州继献驯象四十五头，于南熏门外玉津园东北置养象所，作驯象旗。”


乾德五年（967），一头野生象从岭南北迁至北宋都城开封，被官方捕获。吴越、广南、交州等南方政权为示臣服，接连进贡45头驯象，显示北宋对南方的政治影响力。朝廷在南薰门外的玉津园东北处设立了养象所，并创制了用于仪仗的旗帜“驯象旗”。



北宋大中祥符五年（1012），宋真宗正式下诏：


“诏诸国狮子、驯象、奇兽列于外苑，谕群臣就苑中游宴。”


玉津园就变成了汇集诸国狮子、大象、灵犀等海外奇兽的皇家宠物乐园。而且每年三四月份，玉津园还对所有人开放，洪迈《夷坚志》写道：


“大观中，宿州士人钱君兄弟游上庠。方春月，待试，因休暇出游玉津园。”


钱君兄弟还在待试，暂无功名在身，此时应当是一般的市民身份，可见宋代平民也可以到玉津园内观赏这些奇珍异兽，这些大象、狮子就成了大宋百姓也可以参观的“宠物”，与此同时，玉津园也从皇家兽苑转向公共空间。


如果只是说到饲养各种奇珍动物的皇家园林，实际上可以追溯到商朝，商纣建造的沙丘苑台、周文王修建的灵囿等园林。但是，宋代“玉津园”有别于前者的一点，则是前面提到的，它在每年三四月份会对所有人开放，其中体现的“公共性”与我们现在所提到的“动物园”更有相似之处，在某种意义上，宋代“玉津园”已经具备现代动物园的雏形。



其实，包括“玉津园”在内的宋代园林，无论是皇家园林还是私人园林，都有对市民开放的传统，这使得宋代园林从某种程度上成了宋代市民的“公园”。每年三月，春暖花开时节，各个私家园林打开院门迎接往来市民游玩，史料记载，司马光的独乐园是时人春游必到之处，看园的园丁曾将收得门票钱数千交予司马光，司马光坚辞不受。除了私家园林，每年皇家园林也会开园供市民游玩，如金明池、琼林苑、玉津园等。据《东京梦华录》卷七记载：


“三月一日，州西顺天门外开金明池、球林苑，每日教习车驾上池仪范，虽禁从，士庶许纵赏，御史台有榜不得弹劾。”



虽然史料中未明确记载玉津园收取门票的具体数额，但从私家园林如独乐园园丁能收得数千门票钱来看，皇家园林凭借其珍稀的动物资源和独特的皇家背景，在开放期间所产生的经济效益应该不容小觑。市民入园观赏奇珍异兽，除了可能直接支付的“入园费”，园内或许还存在售卖饮食、玩具等周边商品的摊位，这些收入也能为朝廷带来额外的财政补充。例如南宋临安预演象仪时：


“又命象院教前导朱旗，以二金三鼓为节，各有幞头紫衣蛮奴乘之，手执短钁，旋转跪起，悉如人意。” ——《武林旧事》


“御街观者如堵。市井扑卖土木粉捏妆彩小象儿，并纸画者，外郡人市去，为土宜遗送。” ——《梦粱录》


两地的商人们利用这个商机，开发销售彩塑小象或驯象图画，作为都城的特产被外地游客买走，当作礼品馈送亲友。


这种将皇家禁地适度向公众开放并从中获取收益的方式，打破了以往皇家资源的封闭性，属于北宋朝廷有别于前朝的一种创新尝试。这种做法与御象的商业化表演一脉相承，都是在财政重压下，对皇家资源进行商业化开发的具体体现，共同构成了北宋朝廷独特的“经济智慧”。



参考资料：

《宋史》

《宋会要辑稿》

袁一堂：《论北宋中期的财政危机》，《史学月刊》，1990年第3期。

菅明军：《北宋中期的财政危机及其振兴之道》，《中州今古》，1994年第1期。

王德利：《宋代的玉津园》，《黄河科技大学学报》，2012年第5期。

王风扬：《宋人动物饲养与休闲生活》，华东师范大学硕士学位论文，2014年4月25日。

程民生：《宋代大象的自然与社会生态》，《中原文化研究》，2021年5月14日。


*本文系“国家人文历史”独家稿件，欢迎读者转发朋友圈。


END
作者 | 易北
编辑 | 胡心雅
 主编 | 周斌
排版 | 徐沁（实习）
校对 | 张斌
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“在看”的永远18岁~

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", @@ -2585,443 +2563,25 @@ "description": "People's Daily Online", "items": [ { - "title": "蚊子停在天花板上是否比停在墙壁上能耗更大？", - "description": "
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这得先解答第一个问题：

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蚊子到底是怎么牢牢粘在各种表面上的？

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把蚊子的脚放大成千上万倍，科学家们发现上面布满了像刷子一样、超级细微的毛发，我们叫它“刚毛” [1]。

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于是科学家提出了一个猜想：对于我们人来说，一个表面越光滑可能感觉越“粘”，但对于拥有这身“装备”的蚊子来说，情况可能正好相反。他们认为，

\n

一个粗糙的表面，反而能让蚊子脚上的无数根小“刷毛”找到更多的接触点，像无数个微型的小钩子一样抓住表面，从而产生更大的附着力 。

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左边光滑表面接触点少，附着力低；右边粗糙表面接触点多，附着力高
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为了验证这个猜想，科学家们设计了一个非常精妙的实验。他们找来一台能测量极微小力量的“神器”——原子力显微镜（AFM） 。但这次，他们没有用标准的探针，而是做了一个大胆的改造：他们小心翼翼地剪下一条蚊子的腿，用胶把它粘在了显微镜的探针上。

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这样一来，他们就可以精确地控制这条“自动化”的蚊子腿，去触碰不同的表面，并测量把它拉开需要多大的力，这个力就是附着力 。

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他们准备了两种主要测试品：

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    \n
  1. 光滑的塑料片 (HDPE)
    2. \n
  2. 被特殊处理过的、粗糙的塑料片
    3. \n
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四种不同粗糙度塑料表面的显微镜照片
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然后，让蚊子腿一次又一次地“踩”向不同的表面。

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实验结果完全证实了科学家的猜想。在光滑的塑料表面上，一个样本测得的平均附着力大约是 12.0 nN（纳牛顿，一个非常小的力单位） 。

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然而，当同一条蚊子腿踩在粗糙的表面上时，随着表面从光滑（I）变得更粗糙（II、III），附着力也随之增加 ，平均附着力飙升到了 76.2 nN 。附着力整整增强了 6 倍多。这证明了，对于蚊子来说，粗糙的表面确实能提供更强的“抓力” 。

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随着表面从光滑（I）变得更粗糙（II、III），附着力也随之增加 。
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科学家们又有了新的问题：这种附着力是纯粹的物理接触力（范德华力），还是空气中的水汽也像胶水一样起到了作用（毛细作用力）？

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范德华力是一种弱的分子间吸引力，当两个物体表面距离小于 10 nm 时，就会产生。它不需要任何化学物质或液体中介，而是源于电子云的瞬时极化。

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他们设计了第二个实验来回答这个问题。这次他们引入了两种性质完全不同的表面，并在一个可以控制湿度的密闭空间里进行测试 ：

\n
    \n
  1. 疏水表面：就是我们之前用的塑料(HDPE)，它不怎么吸水 。
    2. \n
  2. 亲水表面：一种被酸清洗过的硅片，非常容易吸附水汽 。
    3. \n
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图(b)和(c)展示了水滴在这两种表面上的形态，直观地显示了它们的疏水性（不吸水）和亲水性（吸水） 。
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结果，在不吸水的塑料表面，无论空气湿度怎么变（从 10%到 90%），附着力始终稳定在 20 nN 左右，几乎不变 。这说明在这里，水汽基本没起作用，附着力主要就是范德华力。

\n
\"\"
在不吸水的塑料表面上，附着力基本不受湿度影响，说明蚊子自身的附着力主要来自范德华力 。但在吸水的硅片表面，附着力随湿度增加而显著增强，这表明空气中的水汽在表面形成水膜，产生了额外的毛细作用力，帮助蚊子粘得更牢 。
\n

而在吸水的硅片表面，当环境干燥时，附着力约为 40 nN。但当湿度增加到 60%时，附着力竟飙升到了 150 nN 以上。

\n

这很好说明了，蚊子的附着在墙上就是范德华力，但在潮湿且亲水的表面，水汽会变成一个强大的“助攻”，大大增强其附着力。

\n

在实验中，科学家为了不损坏蚊子腿和精密的仪器，只施加了一个非常微小的预加载力（Preload），仅为 50 nN 。

\n

研究论文中明确提到，一只活的蚊子为了站稳，它会用力压住腿部。这个力有多大呢？论文估算，每条腿典型的预加载力约为 4 mN（毫牛顿），也就是 4000000 nN 。

\n
\"\"
\n

什么是预加载力？

\n

预加载力可以通俗地理解为蚊子在让脚垫“粘”到表面上时，主动用肌肉向下“按”或“压”的那一下初始力量。

\n

一旦蚊子通过预加载力让自己的脚垫牢牢地附着在了墙面或天花板上，接下来的事情就变得非常“节能”了。

\n

因为产生附着力的范德华力是一种物理力，就像磁铁吸在冰箱上一样。一旦分子间的距离足够近，这种吸引力就持续存在，不需要消耗蚊子的生物能量（ATP）来维持，就进入了一种低能耗的待机模式。

\n
\"\"
\n

而方向差异不改变被动性质（对抗墙壁的滑动阻力和垂直拉扯力），也就说不管墙壁还是天花板都不费力[2]。

\n
\"\"
不止蚊子，大部分的昆虫和壁虎这些，脚上有刚毛的都是靠范德华力
\n

科学家没直接抓蚊子测，用了也用范德华力粘附的杖虫做实验，因为脚结构差不多[3]。他们让杖虫在墙壁和天花板上爬，用传感器测力气。发现虫子在两种地方的“粘力”差不多，安全系数（粘力除以体重）都在 20-100 倍。意思是，虫子超稳，不会掉，也不用多费力气。

\n

维持不需要能量，只有分离时需微量机械功。这种机制进化出来就是为了省能量。

\n
\"\"
\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", - "content": "
\"头图\"/
\n

这得先解答第一个问题：

\n

蚊子到底是怎么牢牢粘在各种表面上的？

\n
\"\"
\n

把蚊子的脚放大成千上万倍，科学家们发现上面布满了像刷子一样、超级细微的毛发，我们叫它“刚毛” [1]。

\n
\"\"
\n

于是科学家提出了一个猜想：对于我们人来说，一个表面越光滑可能感觉越“粘”，但对于拥有这身“装备”的蚊子来说，情况可能正好相反。他们认为，

\n

一个粗糙的表面，反而能让蚊子脚上的无数根小“刷毛”找到更多的接触点，像无数个微型的小钩子一样抓住表面，从而产生更大的附着力 。

\n
\"\"
左边光滑表面接触点少，附着力低；右边粗糙表面接触点多，附着力高
\n

为了验证这个猜想，科学家们设计了一个非常精妙的实验。他们找来一台能测量极微小力量的“神器”——原子力显微镜（AFM） 。但这次，他们没有用标准的探针，而是做了一个大胆的改造：他们小心翼翼地剪下一条蚊子的腿，用胶把它粘在了显微镜的探针上。

\n

这样一来，他们就可以精确地控制这条“自动化”的蚊子腿，去触碰不同的表面，并测量把它拉开需要多大的力，这个力就是附着力 。

\n
\"\"
\n

他们准备了两种主要测试品：

\n
    \n
  1. 光滑的塑料片 (HDPE)
    2. \n
  2. 被特殊处理过的、粗糙的塑料片
    3. \n
\n
\"\"
四种不同粗糙度塑料表面的显微镜照片
\n

然后，让蚊子腿一次又一次地“踩”向不同的表面。

\n

实验结果完全证实了科学家的猜想。在光滑的塑料表面上，一个样本测得的平均附着力大约是 12.0 nN（纳牛顿，一个非常小的力单位） 。

\n

然而，当同一条蚊子腿踩在粗糙的表面上时，随着表面从光滑（I）变得更粗糙（II、III），附着力也随之增加 ，平均附着力飙升到了 76.2 nN 。附着力整整增强了 6 倍多。这证明了，对于蚊子来说，粗糙的表面确实能提供更强的“抓力” 。

\n
\"\"
随着表面从光滑（I）变得更粗糙（II、III），附着力也随之增加 。
\n

科学家们又有了新的问题：这种附着力是纯粹的物理接触力（范德华力），还是空气中的水汽也像胶水一样起到了作用（毛细作用力）？

\n

范德华力是一种弱的分子间吸引力，当两个物体表面距离小于 10 nm 时，就会产生。它不需要任何化学物质或液体中介，而是源于电子云的瞬时极化。

\n

他们设计了第二个实验来回答这个问题。这次他们引入了两种性质完全不同的表面，并在一个可以控制湿度的密闭空间里进行测试 ：

\n
    \n
  1. 疏水表面：就是我们之前用的塑料(HDPE)，它不怎么吸水 。
    2. \n
  2. 亲水表面：一种被酸清洗过的硅片，非常容易吸附水汽 。
    3. \n
\n
\"\"
图(b)和(c)展示了水滴在这两种表面上的形态，直观地显示了它们的疏水性（不吸水）和亲水性（吸水） 。
\n

结果，在不吸水的塑料表面，无论空气湿度怎么变（从 10%到 90%），附着力始终稳定在 20 nN 左右，几乎不变 。这说明在这里，水汽基本没起作用，附着力主要就是范德华力。

\n
\"\"
在不吸水的塑料表面上，附着力基本不受湿度影响，说明蚊子自身的附着力主要来自范德华力 。但在吸水的硅片表面，附着力随湿度增加而显著增强，这表明空气中的水汽在表面形成水膜，产生了额外的毛细作用力，帮助蚊子粘得更牢 。
\n

而在吸水的硅片表面，当环境干燥时，附着力约为 40 nN。但当湿度增加到 60%时，附着力竟飙升到了 150 nN 以上。

\n

这很好说明了，蚊子的附着在墙上就是范德华力，但在潮湿且亲水的表面，水汽会变成一个强大的“助攻”，大大增强其附着力。

\n

在实验中，科学家为了不损坏蚊子腿和精密的仪器，只施加了一个非常微小的预加载力（Preload），仅为 50 nN 。

\n

研究论文中明确提到，一只活的蚊子为了站稳，它会用力压住腿部。这个力有多大呢？论文估算，每条腿典型的预加载力约为 4 mN（毫牛顿），也就是 4000000 nN 。

\n
\"\"
\n

什么是预加载力？

\n

预加载力可以通俗地理解为蚊子在让脚垫“粘”到表面上时，主动用肌肉向下“按”或“压”的那一下初始力量。

\n

一旦蚊子通过预加载力让自己的脚垫牢牢地附着在了墙面或天花板上，接下来的事情就变得非常“节能”了。

\n

因为产生附着力的范德华力是一种物理力，就像磁铁吸在冰箱上一样。一旦分子间的距离足够近，这种吸引力就持续存在，不需要消耗蚊子的生物能量（ATP）来维持，就进入了一种低能耗的待机模式。

\n
\"\"
\n

而方向差异不改变被动性质（对抗墙壁的滑动阻力和垂直拉扯力），也就说不管墙壁还是天花板都不费力[2]。

\n
\"\"
不止蚊子，大部分的昆虫和壁虎这些，脚上有刚毛的都是靠范德华力
\n

科学家没直接抓蚊子测，用了也用范德华力粘附的杖虫做实验，因为脚结构差不多[3]。他们让杖虫在墙壁和天花板上爬，用传感器测力气。发现虫子在两种地方的“粘力”差不多，安全系数（粘力除以体重）都在 20-100 倍。意思是，虫子超稳，不会掉，也不用多费力气。

\n

维持不需要能量，只有分离时需微量机械功。这种机制进化出来就是为了省能量。

\n
\"\"
\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", - "category": "", - "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783453", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sun, 24 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", + "title": "UWP 版 OneNote for Windows 10 应用将于 2025 年 10 月 14 日退役，请及时同步数据，并更换新版本", + "description": "OneNote for Windows 10 是一款 UWP（通用 Windows 平台）软件，比较适合于触摸屏设备。微软已经确认：从 10 月 14 日起，OneNote for Windows 10 将终止支持。@Appinn 10 月 14 日之后，Windows 10 版 OneNote 将 ", + "content": "\n

OneNote for Windows 10 是一款 UWP（通用 Windows 平台）软件，比较适合于触摸屏设备。微软已经确认：从 10 月 14 日起，OneNote for Windows 10 将终止支持。@Appinn

\n\n\n\n
\"UWP
\n\n\n\n

10 月 14 日之后，Windows 10 版 OneNote 将变为只读状态：仍然可以查看笔记，但无法使用此版本编辑或同步笔记。Windows 10 版 OneNote 将不再提供更新、错误修复和安全补丁。

\n\n\n\n

你需要做什么？

\n\n\n\n

如果你仍在使用 OneNote for Windows 10，以及仍在使用 OneNote，那么两步即可：

\n\n\n\n
    \n
  1. 去 OneNote for Windows 10 中同步完成所有笔记
    2. \n\n\n\n
  2. 下载并登录新版 OneNote 即可。
    3. \n
\n\n\n\n

新版 OneNote 可以在微软商店下载：

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

作为一款曾经无比推荐（过）的笔记，青小蛙觉得现在的 OneNote 只剩下稳当了，论功能可能差点意思，使用方式上也和现代笔记工具不太一样。

\n\n\n\n

不过好就好在稳当可靠…还是能继续用的。

\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n

原文：https://www.appinn.com/uwp-onenote-for-windows-10-close/

\n

[ 点击前往获取链接 ]

", + "category": "业界消息", + "link": "https://www.appinn.com/uwp-onenote-for-windows-10-close/", + "creator": "青小蛙", + "pubDate": "Sun, 24 Aug 2025 07:00:45 +0000", "enclosure": "", "enclosureType": "", "image": "", "id": "", - "language": "", + "language": "zh", "folder": "资讯", - "feed": "知乎", + "feed": "小众软件", "read": false, "favorite": false, "created": false, "tags": [], - "hash": "185ea4f7e1c1eed97c1cf7c41e61ec9b", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "地球上强震是不是比过去发生的更频繁了？如何科学应对？", - "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

地球上强震是否变多，得看统计数据。我从 USGS 上搜集了 1990 年 -2025 年全球地震数据[1]，从中统计了大于 7.0 级和大于 8.0 级的地震的数量，如下图。

\n

全球过去 36 年，7.0 级及以上地震一共 520 次，平均每年 14.4 次；8.0 级及以上地震一共 34 次，每年平均 0.94 次。

\n

从下面两张图看，每年大地震（>=7.0）的数量没有持续上升或者减小的趋势，基本都是围绕着均值上下波动。

\n
\"\"
全球 1990-2025 年每年大于 7.0 级地震统计
\n
\"\"
全球 1990-2025 年每年大于 8.0 级地震统计
\n

大家之所以感觉更频繁，我理解可能原因是一次大地震以后，主震会触发余震级联。较多的余震，加上现在媒体曝光度也在提高，让很多余震小震也都被更多的曝光出来，这样给大家造成了大地震变多的错觉。

\n

聊下余震级联，余震的发生率随时间近似遵循下面这个公式，即 Omori 定律，

\n

\"\"

\n

其中，n(t) 表示时间 t 内的余震数量，k 和 c 都是常数，这个是根据某一地区的历史地震数据拟合后得到的参数，p 是一个调节参数，典型的 p 值为 0.7-1.5。总之，随着时间的增加，余震的数量 N(t)会按照一种幂律的方式衰减，即初期余震的数量逐渐下降，随着时间的推移，衰减速度逐渐减慢。而余震也会进一步再次触发余震，形成级联过程[2]，从而会让大家感觉某段时间内地震明显更多的感受。

\n

另外，如果把历史上的不同震级的地震再做一下统计，可以发现下面这个规律。横轴是震级，纵轴是每年的地震发生次数的对数（Log N/year），蓝色是观测，红色是模型，两者几乎重合并呈一条向下的直线，即 Gutenberg–Richter 定律[3]：

\n

\"\"

\n

，这里 N 是给定时间内震级>=M 的地震次数，a 和 b 是拟合的常数。

\n
\"\"
古登堡—里希特定（Gutenberg–Richter）定律
\n

基本上震级每增加 1，频次约降 10 倍，从第一张和第二张图也能看出来。所以，这样一个大量地震的统计和拟合结果也说明，大地震具有比较好的统计规律。所以，不存在地球上强震比过去发生的更频繁。

\n

至于题目里的“科学应对”，我想既然强震没比以往多，那以前怎么过未来就还怎么过。

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", - "content": "
\"头图\"/
\n

地球上强震是否变多，得看统计数据。我从 USGS 上搜集了 1990 年 -2025 年全球地震数据[1]，从中统计了大于 7.0 级和大于 8.0 级的地震的数量，如下图。

\n

全球过去 36 年，7.0 级及以上地震一共 520 次，平均每年 14.4 次；8.0 级及以上地震一共 34 次，每年平均 0.94 次。

\n

从下面两张图看，每年大地震（>=7.0）的数量没有持续上升或者减小的趋势，基本都是围绕着均值上下波动。

\n
\"\"
全球 1990-2025 年每年大于 7.0 级地震统计
\n
\"\"
全球 1990-2025 年每年大于 8.0 级地震统计
\n

大家之所以感觉更频繁，我理解可能原因是一次大地震以后，主震会触发余震级联。较多的余震，加上现在媒体曝光度也在提高，让很多余震小震也都被更多的曝光出来，这样给大家造成了大地震变多的错觉。

\n

聊下余震级联，余震的发生率随时间近似遵循下面这个公式，即 Omori 定律，

\n

\"\"

\n

其中，n(t) 表示时间 t 内的余震数量，k 和 c 都是常数，这个是根据某一地区的历史地震数据拟合后得到的参数，p 是一个调节参数，典型的 p 值为 0.7-1.5。总之，随着时间的增加，余震的数量 N(t)会按照一种幂律的方式衰减，即初期余震的数量逐渐下降，随着时间的推移，衰减速度逐渐减慢。而余震也会进一步再次触发余震，形成级联过程[2]，从而会让大家感觉某段时间内地震明显更多的感受。

\n

另外，如果把历史上的不同震级的地震再做一下统计，可以发现下面这个规律。横轴是震级，纵轴是每年的地震发生次数的对数（Log N/year），蓝色是观测，红色是模型，两者几乎重合并呈一条向下的直线，即 Gutenberg–Richter 定律[3]：

\n

\"\"

\n

，这里 N 是给定时间内震级>=M 的地震次数，a 和 b 是拟合的常数。

\n
\"\"
古登堡—里希特定（Gutenberg–Richter）定律
\n

基本上震级每增加 1，频次约降 10 倍，从第一张和第二张图也能看出来。所以，这样一个大量地震的统计和拟合结果也说明，大地震具有比较好的统计规律。所以，不存在地球上强震比过去发生的更频繁。

\n

至于题目里的“科学应对”，我想既然强震没比以往多，那以前怎么过未来就还怎么过。

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", - "category": "", - "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783456", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sun, 24 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "资讯", - "feed": "知乎", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "b9961f13bed9611edbd177173a221f4f", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "有哪些地理上的事实，没有一定地理知识的人不会相信？", - "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

南美洲有个国家叫玻利维亚：

\n
\"\"
\n

玻利维亚的行政区划图是这样的：

\n
\"\"
\n

从地图可以看到，首都拉巴斯所在的拉巴斯省和东北角的贝尼省是接壤的，如果要从拉巴斯去贝尼省，直线距离非常近：

\n
\"\"
\n

但是在 19 世纪末的时候，玻利维亚中央政府如果要任命官员去相邻的贝尼省赴任，是不能按照箭头这样直接走的，因为两省之间有安第斯山脉阻隔，安第斯山脉平均海拔 3600 米，从哥伦比亚一直延绵到南美洲最南端的火地岛，将近 2 万里。而当时的也没有可以开凿山脉的修路技术，因此官员是不可能翻山越岭或沿着公路直接到达目的地的。

\n

那么该如何上任呢？

\n

首先，官员需要在首都拉巴斯坐火车去隔壁的智利，再从智利坐船出海到达中美洲的巴拿马，随后从巴拿马坐上船前往英国伦敦；到达伦敦后，再坐上前往巴西马卡帕市的航线。马卡帕市位于亚马孙河入海口，官员再从马卡帕市坐船沿着亚马孙河逆流而上，最终达到本国的贝尼省。

\n
\"\"
\n

如此一番折腾下来，历经 5 个国家，出海 3 次，横渡大西洋 2 次，在亚马孙河中与食人鱼搏斗 1 次，方能够平安上任。

\n

由于贝尼省地形与巴西高原联为一体，历史上巴西就对这块地方图谋已久。直到现在，贝尼省由于地理阻隔，与首都拉巴斯的经济、文化联系依然很弱，仍然是玻利维亚独立意识相当浓厚的省份。

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", - "content": "
\"头图\"/
\n

南美洲有个国家叫玻利维亚：

\n
\"\"
\n

玻利维亚的行政区划图是这样的：

\n
\"\"
\n

从地图可以看到，首都拉巴斯所在的拉巴斯省和东北角的贝尼省是接壤的，如果要从拉巴斯去贝尼省，直线距离非常近：

\n
\"\"
\n

但是在 19 世纪末的时候，玻利维亚中央政府如果要任命官员去相邻的贝尼省赴任，是不能按照箭头这样直接走的，因为两省之间有安第斯山脉阻隔，安第斯山脉平均海拔 3600 米，从哥伦比亚一直延绵到南美洲最南端的火地岛，将近 2 万里。而当时的也没有可以开凿山脉的修路技术，因此官员是不可能翻山越岭或沿着公路直接到达目的地的。

\n

那么该如何上任呢？

\n

首先，官员需要在首都拉巴斯坐火车去隔壁的智利，再从智利坐船出海到达中美洲的巴拿马，随后从巴拿马坐上船前往英国伦敦；到达伦敦后，再坐上前往巴西马卡帕市的航线。马卡帕市位于亚马孙河入海口，官员再从马卡帕市坐船沿着亚马孙河逆流而上，最终达到本国的贝尼省。

\n
\"\"
\n

如此一番折腾下来，历经 5 个国家，出海 3 次，横渡大西洋 2 次，在亚马孙河中与食人鱼搏斗 1 次，方能够平安上任。

\n

由于贝尼省地形与巴西高原联为一体，历史上巴西就对这块地方图谋已久。直到现在，贝尼省由于地理阻隔，与首都拉巴斯的经济、文化联系依然很弱，仍然是玻利维亚独立意识相当浓厚的省份。

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", - "category": "", - "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783464", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sun, 24 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "资讯", - "feed": "知乎", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "22097ce6a707073433b7c42a6e4de968", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "母鸡孵蛋的时候不会感到无聊吗？", - "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

母鸡孵蛋可不是趴到蛋上 21 天就行了。在母鸡进入孵蛋模式前，其体内就已经发生了很大的变化，这种变化是由脑垂体分泌的催乳素引起的。

\n

当母鸡进入孵化模式以后，母鸡的基础代谢率会下降，体温会下降 1~2℃，对外界的“应激度”也会降低。

\n

因此，孵化期的母鸡会对周围产生的任何干扰者不再应激，只要达不到威胁母鸡生命的程度，母鸡不会轻易放弃孵蛋，即使离开也会尽快返巢继续孵蛋，也就是老百姓常说的“落稳窝”。

\n

母鸡在孵蛋过程中，需要做的事包括：

\n

一、翻蛋。

\n

翻蛋包含两个方面的内容：

\n

1.把鸡蛋旋转 90°~180°，也就是把蛋“翻个面”，一来可以让蛋整体受热均匀，二来能够改变胚胎位置，防止发育中的胚胎与蛋壳内膜“粘连”。

\n

2.调整巢中鸡蛋的位置，如将外围鸡蛋调到巢中央，或把巢中央的鸡蛋调到外围。因为巢中央的温度比外围高，此举也是为了保证所有鸡蛋受热均匀，避免外围鸡蛋长期低温，影响胚胎发育。

\n

这两项工作经常是同时进行的，翻蛋时，母鸡会用喙轻轻地勾住鸡蛋，然后配合翅膀，把鸡蛋调整一个角度，完成翻蛋。母鸡通常每 2 小时就翻一次蛋，勤快的母鸡甚至 1 个小时就会翻一次蛋。

\n
\"\"
农村母鸡的自然巢穴。尤其是春天，当鸡蛋长期没有被捡走，聚集较多，就很容易“激发”农村土鸡的孵化本能
\n
\"\"
一只正在孵蛋的母鸡
\n

二、维持巢温。

\n

母鸡在孵蛋时，会随时注意窝里的温度，如温度过低，母鸡会将鸡蛋搂得紧凑一些；反之，若温度过高，母鸡会将鸡蛋搂得松散一些。

\n

另外，孵化过程也是个不断变化的过程，在孵化的不同阶段、不同的天气、气温条件下，母鸡也会采取相应的策略。

\n

如在孵化前期，需要的孵化温度高，母鸡翻蛋的频率也高；而在孵化后期，由于蛋中胚胎已经成型，也具有一定的主动产热能力，母鸡会适当降低孵化温度，甚至每天可以离开鸡窝半小时，让鸡蛋自然冷却一段时间，称为“晾蛋”，帮助胚胎散发热量，这也是提高孵化率的关键。

\n
\"\"
小鸡已经出壳（2023 年 3 月，摄于我岳母家的核桃园）
\n
\"\"
第二天，还是那只母鸡，已经在带着小鸡仔外出觅食了，正好本人在收拾蜂箱，割了一大块雄蜂蛹给这些小鸡吃
\n

三、觅食。

\n

“身体是革命的本钱”，虽然大部分时间都在孵化，但它们仍需要进食和饮水以维持体力。通常来说，母鸡在孵化期间，每天会花大约 20 分钟时间吃喝，同时完成排泄。

\n

当然，鸡蛋的孵化期长达 21 天，母鸡在孵化前期可以利用自身的脂肪储备，但在孵化后期，母鸡也会充分利用“晾蛋”的机会，顺便出去快速觅食。鸡主人也会将食物和水尽量放在离孵蛋母鸡近的地方，方便母鸡取食，减少母鸡外出觅食的时间。

\n

因此，且不说母鸡会不会产生人类“感到无聊”这样的情感，在整个孵化器，母鸡每天甚至每个小时都有事情要做，还要时刻保持同一个动作，实际上是很辛苦的。

\n

只是，由于母鸡自然孵蛋效率太低（每次仅能孵蛋约 15 枚），且母鸡在孵蛋和育雏期间会停止产蛋，对农户来说也是一种损失。因此，即便是农村，使用母鸡自然孵蛋也已经变得越来越少了。

\n
\"\"
2023 年 4 月，本人利用孵化期孵化家禽蛋，鸡蛋已经出壳，7 个大蛋是鹅蛋，由于鹅蛋孵化期为 31 天，此时还需要再孵 10 天。
\n
\"\"
10 天后，孵出的 7 只小鹅
\n

延伸阅读：

\n

为什么家养的鸡会孵蛋而家养的鸭子不孵蛋？

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", - "content": "
\"头图\"/
\n

母鸡孵蛋可不是趴到蛋上 21 天就行了。在母鸡进入孵蛋模式前，其体内就已经发生了很大的变化，这种变化是由脑垂体分泌的催乳素引起的。

\n

当母鸡进入孵化模式以后，母鸡的基础代谢率会下降，体温会下降 1~2℃，对外界的“应激度”也会降低。

\n

因此，孵化期的母鸡会对周围产生的任何干扰者不再应激，只要达不到威胁母鸡生命的程度，母鸡不会轻易放弃孵蛋，即使离开也会尽快返巢继续孵蛋，也就是老百姓常说的“落稳窝”。

\n

母鸡在孵蛋过程中，需要做的事包括：

\n

一、翻蛋。

\n

翻蛋包含两个方面的内容：

\n

1.把鸡蛋旋转 90°~180°，也就是把蛋“翻个面”，一来可以让蛋整体受热均匀，二来能够改变胚胎位置，防止发育中的胚胎与蛋壳内膜“粘连”。

\n

2.调整巢中鸡蛋的位置，如将外围鸡蛋调到巢中央，或把巢中央的鸡蛋调到外围。因为巢中央的温度比外围高，此举也是为了保证所有鸡蛋受热均匀，避免外围鸡蛋长期低温，影响胚胎发育。

\n

这两项工作经常是同时进行的，翻蛋时，母鸡会用喙轻轻地勾住鸡蛋，然后配合翅膀，把鸡蛋调整一个角度，完成翻蛋。母鸡通常每 2 小时就翻一次蛋，勤快的母鸡甚至 1 个小时就会翻一次蛋。

\n
\"\"
农村母鸡的自然巢穴。尤其是春天，当鸡蛋长期没有被捡走，聚集较多，就很容易“激发”农村土鸡的孵化本能
\n
\"\"
一只正在孵蛋的母鸡
\n

二、维持巢温。

\n

母鸡在孵蛋时，会随时注意窝里的温度，如温度过低，母鸡会将鸡蛋搂得紧凑一些；反之，若温度过高，母鸡会将鸡蛋搂得松散一些。

\n

另外，孵化过程也是个不断变化的过程，在孵化的不同阶段、不同的天气、气温条件下，母鸡也会采取相应的策略。

\n

如在孵化前期，需要的孵化温度高，母鸡翻蛋的频率也高；而在孵化后期，由于蛋中胚胎已经成型，也具有一定的主动产热能力，母鸡会适当降低孵化温度，甚至每天可以离开鸡窝半小时，让鸡蛋自然冷却一段时间，称为“晾蛋”，帮助胚胎散发热量，这也是提高孵化率的关键。

\n
\"\"
小鸡已经出壳（2023 年 3 月，摄于我岳母家的核桃园）
\n
\"\"
第二天，还是那只母鸡，已经在带着小鸡仔外出觅食了，正好本人在收拾蜂箱，割了一大块雄蜂蛹给这些小鸡吃
\n

三、觅食。

\n

“身体是革命的本钱”，虽然大部分时间都在孵化，但它们仍需要进食和饮水以维持体力。通常来说，母鸡在孵化期间，每天会花大约 20 分钟时间吃喝，同时完成排泄。

\n

当然，鸡蛋的孵化期长达 21 天，母鸡在孵化前期可以利用自身的脂肪储备，但在孵化后期，母鸡也会充分利用“晾蛋”的机会，顺便出去快速觅食。鸡主人也会将食物和水尽量放在离孵蛋母鸡近的地方，方便母鸡取食，减少母鸡外出觅食的时间。

\n

因此，且不说母鸡会不会产生人类“感到无聊”这样的情感，在整个孵化器，母鸡每天甚至每个小时都有事情要做，还要时刻保持同一个动作，实际上是很辛苦的。

\n

只是，由于母鸡自然孵蛋效率太低（每次仅能孵蛋约 15 枚），且母鸡在孵蛋和育雏期间会停止产蛋，对农户来说也是一种损失。因此，即便是农村，使用母鸡自然孵蛋也已经变得越来越少了。

\n
\"\"
2023 年 4 月，本人利用孵化期孵化家禽蛋，鸡蛋已经出壳，7 个大蛋是鹅蛋，由于鹅蛋孵化期为 31 天，此时还需要再孵 10 天。
\n
\"\"
10 天后，孵出的 7 只小鹅
\n

延伸阅读：

\n

为什么家养的鸡会孵蛋而家养的鸭子不孵蛋？

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", - "category": "", - "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783443", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sun, 24 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "资讯", - "feed": "知乎", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "86366507ef5efa0e259251dacdd1e58d", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "为什么地球上能够找找宇宙中几乎所有稳定元素，且这些元素均能够在地表易于开采的地方，这是巧合吗？", - "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

不是巧合。

\n

不光地球这样，宇宙中绝大多数与地球类似的岩石星球都这样。

\n

原因要从元素的演化开始讲起。

\n

金属元素的起源

\n

在宇宙形成之初，只有氢，氦以及非常少量的锂。其他所有元素，都是来自于恒星的演化过程。

\n

与我们熟知的概念不同，天文上管氢和氦以外的元素都叫金属元素。后文提到“金属元素”，都以这个定义为准。

\n

我们都知道，恒星是个巨大的等离子气体球，内部在不停的进行核聚变反应，将轻元素聚变成重元素。聚变产生的向外的辐射压与恒星本身向内的引力维持平衡，恒星就可以稳定存在。

\n
\"\"
恒星燃烧氢的两种方式，质子 - 质子链反应（小质量恒星）和碳氮氧循环（中等质量，大质量恒星）
\n

新生的恒星几乎全部由氢元素构成，它们会在年轻时将氢聚变成氦，到了晚年，内核温度升高，则会进一步将氦聚变，这样一点点生成了后面的金属元素。

\n

由于核反应有一定的路线，在路线上的元素，比如碳，氧，氖，镁等，丰度就会高于其他元素。

\n

小质量恒星由于内核温度不足，一般只能将核反应进行到碳，氧的程度。不过，在它们的星生晚年，内部会通过慢中子俘获（s- 过程）产生一些比铁重的元素。

\n

大质量恒星内部的核聚变则可以一直进行下去，直到铁和镍（镍是镍的同位素镍 56，性质不稳定，会很快衰变成铁）。

\n

同样的，在核反应路线上的元素，丰度要高于其他元素。

\n
\"\"
大质量恒星连续聚变的过程
\n

铁是非常稳定的元素，无论聚变还是裂变都只会吸收热量。恒星无法通过聚变铁产生热量，就再也无法支撑自身，从而产生超新星爆发，走向生命终点。（当然，大质量恒星的生命终结有很多原因和方式，由铁核引起的只是其中一种）。在这个过程中，恒星会通过快中子俘获（r- 过程）产生大量铁之后的元素。

\n

此外，中子星合并等宇宙高能现象，也能产生大量的比铁重的元素。

\n

宇宙中的金属元素，几乎都是这么来的。

\n

想详细了解元素的形成过程，可以看下面这个回答：

\n

宇宙形成之初，元素种类极为有限，铁之后的重元素都是由哪些途径产生的？

\n

最终，经过恒星 100 多亿年孜孜不倦的转化，宇宙中元素的丰度如下图所示：

\n
\"\"
\n

其中，纵坐标是对数坐标。可以看到，在铁之前的元素中，核反应路线上的元素（碳，氧，氖，镁，硅等），丰度要比非核反应路线上的元素高出两三个数量级（也就是百倍到千倍）。

\n

先辈的礼物

\n

我们的母恒星太阳是颗小质量恒星，目前尚在星生中年，正在稳定的将氢聚变成氦。

\n

那么，太阳系中的其他元素是怎么来的呢？

\n

这些其实都是来自于先辈的馈赠。

\n

几乎所有的恒星都来自于星云的凝聚。而当恒星死亡后，绝大多数物质会通过喷发的形式回归星云。许多年岁后，这里又会形成新的恒星。这些新恒星们，自然就包括了上一代恒星产生的各种各样的元素了。

\n
\"\"
恒星的演化过程
\n

我们的太阳也是在这样的星云中凝聚的。作为一颗比较年轻的第三代恒星，它的母星云中金属元素的丰度很高。因此，太阳本身的金属丰度也不低。

\n

包括地球在内，太阳系的其他天体都是太阳凝聚后剩下的边角料形成的。因此，地球上能找到各种各样的元素就不足为奇了。

\n

宇宙已经 138 亿岁了，最初形成的第一代恒星（只包括氢和氦，又叫无金属星）早已湮没在岁月的长河之中。之后形成的第二代恒星（包含少量的金属元素，又叫贫金属星）数量稀少，都已经是垂垂老矣的老星星了。像太阳这样的第三代恒星（包含大量金属元素，又叫富金属星）正是宇宙中的新生力量。

\n

因此，宇宙中像地球这样富含各种元素的天体才是大多数。

\n

具体到每颗星球上，由于凝聚前的星云本身元素含量有差异，加上形成过程中各种意外事件（比如小行星撞击，宇宙射线辐射等）会改变元素的丰度。各个星球上的元素丰度差别是很大的。

\n

在地球上，地壳中的元素丰度如下图所示：

\n
\"\"
\n

需要注意的是，这是地壳的元素丰度，而非地球整体的元素丰度。

\n

对比上面宇宙中的元素丰度图可知，一部分元素的丰度比例是接近的，但有些元素有很大的不同。比如由于气体的逃逸现象，氢和氦含量非常低。而由于地壳主要由岩石构成，组成岩石的元素（图中绿色的部分）丰度非常高。

\n

详细看这张图的话，可以发现有一些元素是缺失的。比如不稳定的元素锝（Tc）和钷（Pm），只能在持续的核合成过程中产生，因此无法在地球上稳定存在。六种惰性气体氦（He）、氖（Ne）、氩（Ar）、氪（Kr）、氙（Xe）、氡（Rn）则由于多种原因（气体容易逃逸，很难形成化合物等等）几乎不存在于地壳之中。

\n

元素的开采和利用

\n

这部分我了解的不多，就简单介绍一下。

\n

题主的问题提到了“且这些元素均能够在地表易于开采的地方”。其实这是一种错觉。

\n

地球虽然是个岩石星球，但同样来自于星云的凝聚。在形成之初，越重的元素，越会向中心沉积，因此，大部分比较重的元素都沉积在地核地幔之中了。

\n
\"\"
\n

比如，地球其实“含金量”不低，但 99%的金元素在地球形成时就沉积到地幔和地核之中了。目前，地表可开采的金只有 13 万吨左右，它们几乎都是地球形成之初小行星撞击带来的星际礼物。

\n

其他许多比较重的元素也是如此。它们在地核中的含量远超地表，只有很少一部分通过早期的火山喷发等地质活动，才得以来到地表。

\n

在地壳之中，绝大多数元素都是以化合物的形式存在，它们以矿物的形式富集，得以被人类开采和利用。但以人类目前的开采技术，能够大规模利用的元素相当有限。

\n

许多含量极低的元素，比如钌、铑、钯、锇、铱、铂等，只能作为贵金属，成为装饰品或在金融领域流通，很少用于工业生产当中。而一些稀土元素，由于开采困难，在全世界也只有屈指可数的供应源。

\n
\n

综上所述，地球只是个很普通的星球，其上的各种元素，在宇宙中也遍地都有。而人类其实只利用了其中很小很小的部分。

\n

当然，换个角度来说，这也意味着人类发展的空间还很大很大。

\n

想了解更多关于宇宙和星星的小故事，欢迎订阅我的专栏。会一直更新的~

\n

星星小传：

\n

满天星斗呼唤我

\n

天文知识小科普：

\n

且放远目观玄黄

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", - "content": "
\"头图\"/
\n

不是巧合。

\n

不光地球这样，宇宙中绝大多数与地球类似的岩石星球都这样。

\n

原因要从元素的演化开始讲起。

\n

金属元素的起源

\n

在宇宙形成之初，只有氢，氦以及非常少量的锂。其他所有元素，都是来自于恒星的演化过程。

\n

与我们熟知的概念不同，天文上管氢和氦以外的元素都叫金属元素。后文提到“金属元素”，都以这个定义为准。

\n

我们都知道，恒星是个巨大的等离子气体球，内部在不停的进行核聚变反应，将轻元素聚变成重元素。聚变产生的向外的辐射压与恒星本身向内的引力维持平衡，恒星就可以稳定存在。

\n
\"\"
恒星燃烧氢的两种方式，质子 - 质子链反应（小质量恒星）和碳氮氧循环（中等质量，大质量恒星）
\n

新生的恒星几乎全部由氢元素构成，它们会在年轻时将氢聚变成氦，到了晚年，内核温度升高，则会进一步将氦聚变，这样一点点生成了后面的金属元素。

\n

由于核反应有一定的路线，在路线上的元素，比如碳，氧，氖，镁等，丰度就会高于其他元素。

\n

小质量恒星由于内核温度不足，一般只能将核反应进行到碳，氧的程度。不过，在它们的星生晚年，内部会通过慢中子俘获（s- 过程）产生一些比铁重的元素。

\n

大质量恒星内部的核聚变则可以一直进行下去，直到铁和镍（镍是镍的同位素镍 56，性质不稳定，会很快衰变成铁）。

\n

同样的，在核反应路线上的元素，丰度要高于其他元素。

\n
\"\"
大质量恒星连续聚变的过程
\n

铁是非常稳定的元素，无论聚变还是裂变都只会吸收热量。恒星无法通过聚变铁产生热量，就再也无法支撑自身，从而产生超新星爆发，走向生命终点。（当然，大质量恒星的生命终结有很多原因和方式，由铁核引起的只是其中一种）。在这个过程中，恒星会通过快中子俘获（r- 过程）产生大量铁之后的元素。

\n

此外，中子星合并等宇宙高能现象，也能产生大量的比铁重的元素。

\n

宇宙中的金属元素，几乎都是这么来的。

\n

想详细了解元素的形成过程，可以看下面这个回答：

\n

宇宙形成之初，元素种类极为有限，铁之后的重元素都是由哪些途径产生的？

\n

最终，经过恒星 100 多亿年孜孜不倦的转化，宇宙中元素的丰度如下图所示：

\n
\"\"
\n

其中，纵坐标是对数坐标。可以看到，在铁之前的元素中，核反应路线上的元素（碳，氧，氖，镁，硅等），丰度要比非核反应路线上的元素高出两三个数量级（也就是百倍到千倍）。

\n

先辈的礼物

\n

我们的母恒星太阳是颗小质量恒星，目前尚在星生中年，正在稳定的将氢聚变成氦。

\n

那么，太阳系中的其他元素是怎么来的呢？

\n

这些其实都是来自于先辈的馈赠。

\n

几乎所有的恒星都来自于星云的凝聚。而当恒星死亡后，绝大多数物质会通过喷发的形式回归星云。许多年岁后，这里又会形成新的恒星。这些新恒星们，自然就包括了上一代恒星产生的各种各样的元素了。

\n
\"\"
恒星的演化过程
\n

我们的太阳也是在这样的星云中凝聚的。作为一颗比较年轻的第三代恒星，它的母星云中金属元素的丰度很高。因此，太阳本身的金属丰度也不低。

\n

包括地球在内，太阳系的其他天体都是太阳凝聚后剩下的边角料形成的。因此，地球上能找到各种各样的元素就不足为奇了。

\n

宇宙已经 138 亿岁了，最初形成的第一代恒星（只包括氢和氦，又叫无金属星）早已湮没在岁月的长河之中。之后形成的第二代恒星（包含少量的金属元素，又叫贫金属星）数量稀少，都已经是垂垂老矣的老星星了。像太阳这样的第三代恒星（包含大量金属元素，又叫富金属星）正是宇宙中的新生力量。

\n

因此，宇宙中像地球这样富含各种元素的天体才是大多数。

\n

具体到每颗星球上，由于凝聚前的星云本身元素含量有差异，加上形成过程中各种意外事件（比如小行星撞击，宇宙射线辐射等）会改变元素的丰度。各个星球上的元素丰度差别是很大的。

\n

在地球上，地壳中的元素丰度如下图所示：

\n
\"\"
\n

需要注意的是，这是地壳的元素丰度，而非地球整体的元素丰度。

\n

对比上面宇宙中的元素丰度图可知，一部分元素的丰度比例是接近的，但有些元素有很大的不同。比如由于气体的逃逸现象，氢和氦含量非常低。而由于地壳主要由岩石构成，组成岩石的元素（图中绿色的部分）丰度非常高。

\n

详细看这张图的话，可以发现有一些元素是缺失的。比如不稳定的元素锝（Tc）和钷（Pm），只能在持续的核合成过程中产生，因此无法在地球上稳定存在。六种惰性气体氦（He）、氖（Ne）、氩（Ar）、氪（Kr）、氙（Xe）、氡（Rn）则由于多种原因（气体容易逃逸，很难形成化合物等等）几乎不存在于地壳之中。

\n

元素的开采和利用

\n

这部分我了解的不多，就简单介绍一下。

\n

题主的问题提到了“且这些元素均能够在地表易于开采的地方”。其实这是一种错觉。

\n

地球虽然是个岩石星球，但同样来自于星云的凝聚。在形成之初，越重的元素，越会向中心沉积，因此，大部分比较重的元素都沉积在地核地幔之中了。

\n
\"\"
\n

比如，地球其实“含金量”不低，但 99%的金元素在地球形成时就沉积到地幔和地核之中了。目前，地表可开采的金只有 13 万吨左右，它们几乎都是地球形成之初小行星撞击带来的星际礼物。

\n

其他许多比较重的元素也是如此。它们在地核中的含量远超地表，只有很少一部分通过早期的火山喷发等地质活动，才得以来到地表。

\n

在地壳之中，绝大多数元素都是以化合物的形式存在，它们以矿物的形式富集，得以被人类开采和利用。但以人类目前的开采技术，能够大规模利用的元素相当有限。

\n

许多含量极低的元素，比如钌、铑、钯、锇、铱、铂等，只能作为贵金属，成为装饰品或在金融领域流通，很少用于工业生产当中。而一些稀土元素，由于开采困难，在全世界也只有屈指可数的供应源。

\n
\n

综上所述，地球只是个很普通的星球，其上的各种元素，在宇宙中也遍地都有。而人类其实只利用了其中很小很小的部分。

\n

当然，换个角度来说，这也意味着人类发展的空间还很大很大。

\n

想了解更多关于宇宙和星星的小故事，欢迎订阅我的专栏。会一直更新的~

\n

星星小传：

\n

满天星斗呼唤我

\n

天文知识小科普：

\n

且放远目观玄黄

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", - "category": "", - "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783425", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "资讯", - "feed": "知乎", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "b9f8070a0f2fb00a36823093f6d2aced", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "为啥蜻蜓在雨天也能在外面捕猎呢？", - "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

“蜻蜓在雨天也能在外面捕猎”这个说法，本身对，但也不全对。

\n
\n

你以为的蜻蜓雨天捕猎是这样的：

\n
\"\"
应该是 AI 图
\n

但实际上，蜻蜓并没那么头铁。

\n

你让它去“依萍找她爸要钱那天”那么大的暴雨里飞，那不叫捕猎，那叫挨创。

\n
\"\"
我再也不找我爸要钱了！
\n

一个雨点对蜻蜓来说，动能可能是它体重的几十倍甚至上百倍。

\n

蜻蜓约 1g 重，雨点冲击动能约 2.03mJ。

\n

大致相当于一个约 25 斤的重物从 1 米高处，砸在一个 120 斤重的人头上。

\n

这玩意儿砸蜻蜓身上跟咱被西瓜开瓢没啥区别。

\n
\"\"
\n

所以，我们通常说的“蜻蜓雨天捕猎”，指的是两种情况：

\n
    \n
  1. 毛毛细雨 / 濛濛细雨：雨点小，密度低，对飞行影响没那么致命。
    2. \n
  2. 暴雨前或雨后初歇：气压变化，天气闷热，大量小飞虫（比如蚊子、蠓啥的）被逼到低空活动，移动的蛋白质大礼包。
    3. \n
\n

在这种下，蜻蜓不仅能飞，而且捕猎效率奇高。

\n

为啥？因为平时跟它抢饭吃的友商，早就被这点风雨干趴窝了。

\n

这时候的天空，对于蜻蜓来说，算是“局部空域净化”，整个空域都是它的，视野里能动的，除了雨点，基本都是外卖。

\n

接下来，再絮叨絮叨，为什么蜻蜓雨天捕猎能这么牛逼。

\n

这事儿得分成几个层面说，分别是：硬件配置、飞控系统、雷达系统和作战策略。

\n
\n

一、硬件配置：疏水涂层

\n

你下雨天出门，是不是得打伞穿雨衣？

\n

不然淋成落汤鸡，又冷又重。

\n

蜻蜓其实也怕，但人家出厂自带顶级装备。

\n

它的身体表面，尤其是翅膀，覆盖着一层由几丁质和蜡质组成的角质层。

\n

这玩意儿在微观层面下，不是光滑的，而是布满了纳米级别的微小凸起和沟壑。

\n
\"\"
图源：日立科学仪器
\n

这结构有啥用？

\n

超——级——疏——水！

\n

物理学上管这个叫“荷叶效应”。

\n

水滴落在这上面，由于表面张力的作用，根本无法铺展开，只能形成一个圆滚滚的水珠。

\n

稍微一倾斜，或者一阵微风，水珠就“呲溜”一下滚下去了，顺便还把翅幕上的灰尘给带走了，自带清洁功能。

\n
\"\"
\n

打个比方，这就好比你给你的车刚打完最贵的蜡，或者穿了一件顶级的冲锋衣。

\n

水泼上去，根本不沾。

\n
\"\"
\n

所以，雨点落在蜻蜓翅膀上，根本不会“浸润”打湿翅膀，增加重量，影响气动外形。

\n

小的雨滴直接被弹开，大一点的雨滴就算砸中了，也只是短暂地附着一下，蜻蜓翅膀一振，或者稍微改变下姿态，水珠就滚下去了。

\n

这身疏水材料，是它敢在雨里浪的第一层底气。

\n

不然飞着飞着，翅膀越来越重，跟飞机机翼结冰一样，直接失速坠机了。

\n
\n

二、飞控系统

\n

好了，解决了“湿身”的问题，下一个问题更要命：冲击力。

\n

就像前面说的，一个雨点对蜻蜓来说就是一发西瓜。

\n

哪怕是无人机，在空中被一个跟自己差不多重的玩意儿高速砸一下，飞控系统反应不过来，姿态一乱，基本就没了。

\n
\"\"
很多无人机都这么炸的
\n

但蜻蜓的飞控，很牛逼的。

\n

为啥这么说？

\n

1. 四翅独立驱动，异步扑动：

\n

蜻蜓牛逼就牛逼在它有两对翅膀，而且这两对翅膀不是同步扇动的。

\n

它的前翅和后翅可以由不同的肌肉控制，以不同的频率、不同的振幅、不同的相位角进行扑动。

\n
\"\"
\n

这种异步扑动带来了什么好处？无与伦比的稳定性和机动性。

\n
    \n
  • 它可以像直升机一样悬停。
    • \n
  • 它可以瞬间加速到很高的速度。
    • \n
  • 它可以倒着飞。
    • \n
  • 它可以近乎 90 度直角转弯。
    • \n
\n

这种飞行能力，在昆虫界就是神。

\n

现在回到下雨的问题。

\n

当一片翅膀，比如左前翅，突然被一个雨点砸中，导致飞行姿态瞬间失衡。

\n

蜻蜓的神经系统会在毫秒级的时间内做出反应，立刻调整其他三片翅膀的扑动方式——比如，右后翅加大力度，左后翅和右前翅改变角度——瞬间就把这个不平衡给抵消掉了。

\n

这就是展示容错。

\n

2. 柔性翅膀的被动减震：

\n

蜻蜓的翅膀也不是一块钢板，它是有弹性的。翅脉构成了框架，中间是柔性的翅膜。

\n

当雨点砸上来的时候，这个冲击力会被翅膀的弹性结构部分吸收和缓冲掉，而不是硬生生地传递给整个身体。

\n
\"\"
液滴撞击柔性基底
\n

这就好比你开车，有悬挂减震和没有悬挂减震的区别。

\n

蜻蜓的翅膀，自带“被动悬挂系统”。

\n

所以，靠着主动飞控 + 被动减震，蜻蜓才能在炮火连天的雨天里，保持优雅的飞行姿态。

\n
\n

三、雷达系统：300 帧的复眼

\n

硬件和飞控都顶级了，那索敌和火控系统呢？

\n

蜻蜓同样是顶配。

\n

说的就是它那对占了脑袋大部分面积的大复眼。

\n
\"\"
密恐慎入
\n

在昆虫里面也是很能打的。

\n

1. 超广角视野：

\n

蜻蜓的复眼，每个都由成千上万个小眼组成，拼接在一起，给了它接近360°无死角的视野。

\n

除了自己后脑勺正后方一小块，其他方向都在它的监控之下。

\n
\"\"
\n

在雨天，威胁和猎物可能来自任何方向，这种全景视野至关重要。

\n

2. 极高的“刷新率”：

\n

这才是最变态的地方。我们人类眼睛的“刷新率”，学名叫“闪烁融合频率”，大概是每秒 60 次（60Hz）。

\n

所以我们看刷新率超过 60Hz 的电影和屏幕，就觉得是流畅的画面了。

\n

（24 帧是刚刚觉得不卡，必须上 60 帧）

\n

你猜蜻蜓的复眼刷新率是多少？高达 200Hz！

\n

这是什么概念？

\n

它眼里的世界，是超级慢动作。

\n

你抬头看下雨，看到的是一片连绵不绝的“雨幕”。

\n

蜻蜓抬头看下雨，看到的是一个个独立的、可以清晰辨认的、以慢动作下落的“水球”。

\n

在它眼里，雨点飞得再快，也跟《黑客帝国》里尼奥躲子弹一样，轨迹清清楚楚。

\n
\"\"
\n

而那个在雨滴缝隙里艰难扑腾的小蚊子，简直就跟静止靶一样，被看得一清二楚。

\n

所以，它能在复杂的雨幕中，精准地计算出自己和猎物的飞行轨迹，以及所有雨滴的轨迹，然后规划出一条完美的拦截路线，一击毙命。

\n
\n

四、躲雨不香吗

\n

最后，我们再讨论一个问题：

\n

蜻蜓为啥非要在雨天出来干活？在家躺着不香吗？

\n

香，但没饭吃。

\n

蜻蜓是纯粹的肉食主义者，而且新陈代谢极快，一天不吃就饿得慌。

\n

哪怕是在幼年水虿时期，也是相当很能吃的，一只水虿一天可以吃掉几十甚至上百只蚊子的幼虫。

\n
\"\"
水虿捕食孑孓
\n

它的一生，不是在捕猎，就是在去捕猎的路上。

\n

对蜻蜓来说是毛毛雨，对蚊子、蠓虫这些体型更小的昆虫来说，那就是“中雨”甚至“大雨”了。

\n

它们的翅膀更容易被打湿，飞行变得笨拙、缓慢，而且为了躲避雨点，它们会飞得很低，活动范围也变小了。

\n

平时活蹦乱跳、满天乱窜的猎物，现在变成了行动迟缓、扎堆出现的高蛋白自助餐。

\n

你说，这种机会，作为天空中的顶级掠食者，它能放过吗？

\n

不能够啊！

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", - "content": "
\"头图\"/
\n

“蜻蜓在雨天也能在外面捕猎”这个说法，本身对，但也不全对。

\n
\n

你以为的蜻蜓雨天捕猎是这样的：

\n
\"\"
应该是 AI 图
\n

但实际上，蜻蜓并没那么头铁。

\n

你让它去“依萍找她爸要钱那天”那么大的暴雨里飞，那不叫捕猎，那叫挨创。

\n
\"\"
我再也不找我爸要钱了！
\n

一个雨点对蜻蜓来说，动能可能是它体重的几十倍甚至上百倍。

\n

蜻蜓约 1g 重，雨点冲击动能约 2.03mJ。

\n

大致相当于一个约 25 斤的重物从 1 米高处，砸在一个 120 斤重的人头上。

\n

这玩意儿砸蜻蜓身上跟咱被西瓜开瓢没啥区别。

\n
\"\"
\n

所以，我们通常说的“蜻蜓雨天捕猎”，指的是两种情况：

\n
    \n
  1. 毛毛细雨 / 濛濛细雨：雨点小，密度低，对飞行影响没那么致命。
    2. \n
  2. 暴雨前或雨后初歇：气压变化，天气闷热，大量小飞虫（比如蚊子、蠓啥的）被逼到低空活动，移动的蛋白质大礼包。
    3. \n
\n

在这种下，蜻蜓不仅能飞，而且捕猎效率奇高。

\n

为啥？因为平时跟它抢饭吃的友商，早就被这点风雨干趴窝了。

\n

这时候的天空，对于蜻蜓来说，算是“局部空域净化”，整个空域都是它的，视野里能动的，除了雨点，基本都是外卖。

\n

接下来，再絮叨絮叨，为什么蜻蜓雨天捕猎能这么牛逼。

\n

这事儿得分成几个层面说，分别是：硬件配置、飞控系统、雷达系统和作战策略。

\n
\n

一、硬件配置：疏水涂层

\n

你下雨天出门，是不是得打伞穿雨衣？

\n

不然淋成落汤鸡，又冷又重。

\n

蜻蜓其实也怕，但人家出厂自带顶级装备。

\n

它的身体表面，尤其是翅膀，覆盖着一层由几丁质和蜡质组成的角质层。

\n

这玩意儿在微观层面下，不是光滑的，而是布满了纳米级别的微小凸起和沟壑。

\n
\"\"
图源：日立科学仪器
\n

这结构有啥用？

\n

超——级——疏——水！

\n

物理学上管这个叫“荷叶效应”。

\n

水滴落在这上面，由于表面张力的作用，根本无法铺展开，只能形成一个圆滚滚的水珠。

\n

稍微一倾斜，或者一阵微风，水珠就“呲溜”一下滚下去了，顺便还把翅幕上的灰尘给带走了，自带清洁功能。

\n
\"\"
\n

打个比方，这就好比你给你的车刚打完最贵的蜡，或者穿了一件顶级的冲锋衣。

\n

水泼上去，根本不沾。

\n
\"\"
\n

所以，雨点落在蜻蜓翅膀上，根本不会“浸润”打湿翅膀，增加重量，影响气动外形。

\n

小的雨滴直接被弹开，大一点的雨滴就算砸中了，也只是短暂地附着一下，蜻蜓翅膀一振，或者稍微改变下姿态，水珠就滚下去了。

\n

这身疏水材料，是它敢在雨里浪的第一层底气。

\n

不然飞着飞着，翅膀越来越重，跟飞机机翼结冰一样，直接失速坠机了。

\n
\n

二、飞控系统

\n

好了，解决了“湿身”的问题，下一个问题更要命：冲击力。

\n

就像前面说的，一个雨点对蜻蜓来说就是一发西瓜。

\n

哪怕是无人机，在空中被一个跟自己差不多重的玩意儿高速砸一下，飞控系统反应不过来，姿态一乱，基本就没了。

\n
\"\"
很多无人机都这么炸的
\n

但蜻蜓的飞控，很牛逼的。

\n

为啥这么说？

\n

1. 四翅独立驱动，异步扑动：

\n

蜻蜓牛逼就牛逼在它有两对翅膀，而且这两对翅膀不是同步扇动的。

\n

它的前翅和后翅可以由不同的肌肉控制，以不同的频率、不同的振幅、不同的相位角进行扑动。

\n
\"\"
\n

这种异步扑动带来了什么好处？无与伦比的稳定性和机动性。

\n
    \n
  • 它可以像直升机一样悬停。
    • \n
  • 它可以瞬间加速到很高的速度。
    • \n
  • 它可以倒着飞。
    • \n
  • 它可以近乎 90 度直角转弯。
    • \n
\n

这种飞行能力，在昆虫界就是神。

\n

现在回到下雨的问题。

\n

当一片翅膀，比如左前翅，突然被一个雨点砸中，导致飞行姿态瞬间失衡。

\n

蜻蜓的神经系统会在毫秒级的时间内做出反应，立刻调整其他三片翅膀的扑动方式——比如，右后翅加大力度，左后翅和右前翅改变角度——瞬间就把这个不平衡给抵消掉了。

\n

这就是展示容错。

\n

2. 柔性翅膀的被动减震：

\n

蜻蜓的翅膀也不是一块钢板，它是有弹性的。翅脉构成了框架，中间是柔性的翅膜。

\n

当雨点砸上来的时候，这个冲击力会被翅膀的弹性结构部分吸收和缓冲掉，而不是硬生生地传递给整个身体。

\n
\"\"
液滴撞击柔性基底
\n

这就好比你开车，有悬挂减震和没有悬挂减震的区别。

\n

蜻蜓的翅膀，自带“被动悬挂系统”。

\n

所以，靠着主动飞控 + 被动减震，蜻蜓才能在炮火连天的雨天里，保持优雅的飞行姿态。

\n
\n

三、雷达系统：300 帧的复眼

\n

硬件和飞控都顶级了，那索敌和火控系统呢？

\n

蜻蜓同样是顶配。

\n

说的就是它那对占了脑袋大部分面积的大复眼。

\n
\"\"
密恐慎入
\n

在昆虫里面也是很能打的。

\n

1. 超广角视野：

\n

蜻蜓的复眼，每个都由成千上万个小眼组成，拼接在一起，给了它接近360°无死角的视野。

\n

除了自己后脑勺正后方一小块，其他方向都在它的监控之下。

\n
\"\"
\n

在雨天，威胁和猎物可能来自任何方向，这种全景视野至关重要。

\n

2. 极高的“刷新率”：

\n

这才是最变态的地方。我们人类眼睛的“刷新率”，学名叫“闪烁融合频率”，大概是每秒 60 次（60Hz）。

\n

所以我们看刷新率超过 60Hz 的电影和屏幕，就觉得是流畅的画面了。

\n

（24 帧是刚刚觉得不卡，必须上 60 帧）

\n

你猜蜻蜓的复眼刷新率是多少？高达 200Hz！

\n

这是什么概念？

\n

它眼里的世界，是超级慢动作。

\n

你抬头看下雨，看到的是一片连绵不绝的“雨幕”。

\n

蜻蜓抬头看下雨，看到的是一个个独立的、可以清晰辨认的、以慢动作下落的“水球”。

\n

在它眼里，雨点飞得再快，也跟《黑客帝国》里尼奥躲子弹一样，轨迹清清楚楚。

\n
\"\"
\n

而那个在雨滴缝隙里艰难扑腾的小蚊子，简直就跟静止靶一样，被看得一清二楚。

\n

所以，它能在复杂的雨幕中，精准地计算出自己和猎物的飞行轨迹，以及所有雨滴的轨迹，然后规划出一条完美的拦截路线，一击毙命。

\n
\n

四、躲雨不香吗

\n

最后，我们再讨论一个问题：

\n

蜻蜓为啥非要在雨天出来干活？在家躺着不香吗？

\n

香，但没饭吃。

\n

蜻蜓是纯粹的肉食主义者，而且新陈代谢极快，一天不吃就饿得慌。

\n

哪怕是在幼年水虿时期，也是相当很能吃的，一只水虿一天可以吃掉几十甚至上百只蚊子的幼虫。

\n
\"\"
水虿捕食孑孓
\n

它的一生，不是在捕猎，就是在去捕猎的路上。

\n

对蜻蜓来说是毛毛雨，对蚊子、蠓虫这些体型更小的昆虫来说，那就是“中雨”甚至“大雨”了。

\n

它们的翅膀更容易被打湿，飞行变得笨拙、缓慢，而且为了躲避雨点，它们会飞得很低，活动范围也变小了。

\n

平时活蹦乱跳、满天乱窜的猎物，现在变成了行动迟缓、扎堆出现的高蛋白自助餐。

\n

你说，这种机会，作为天空中的顶级掠食者，它能放过吗？

\n

不能够啊！

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", - "category": "", - "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783433", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "资讯", - "feed": "知乎", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "6de60e64229dd02e190caae5bfad35a8", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "海带竟然不是植物？！那是个啥？", - "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

海带（Saccharina japonica）是一种植物吗？毕竟它既能进行光合作用，外形又是一副“绿叶飘飘”的样子。要回答这个问题，我们得先来看几个生物分类学中“王国”（Kingdom）的兴衰史。

\n

 

经常吃海带的朋友都知道，“界门纲目科属种”这个生物分类阶元中，“界”的英文是“Kingdom”，正如这个英文单词最直观的翻译，一类生物可以看作一个王国。但是分类阶元并不是一成不变的，我们对生命演化的认知本就是一个动态调整的过程[1]。从这个角度上来看，海带（及其祖先）就像是一个反复游走在各个王国之间的“流浪者”。

\n

 

在早期分类系统中，海带属于植物

\n

 

“植物界”和“动物界”是最早确立的两个界级分类单元，缔造它们的人是瑞典生物学家林奈，他也正是前述生物分类阶元的开创者。林奈将固着不动和自养型（即能利用无机物合成有机）生物归为植物界（Plantae kingdom）,自由行动且异养型（自身无法合成有机物，只能“吃”别人合成的有机物）的生物归为动物界（Animalia kingdom）。在当时的这一标准下，海带和其他一众藻类伙伴因为能通过光合作用制造有机物归属于植物界理所应当。

\n
\"\"
\n

 

按照林奈分类系统，海带归属于植物界 图片来源：作者绘制

\n

 

随着人们认识逐渐加深，“植物界”和“动物界”中的一些成员突然发现了彼此间巨大的“共同点”，它们都是单细胞生物。前者比如裸藻，后者如草履虫，于是，它们一合计，在德国生物学家海克尔（E.H.Haeckel）的支持下于 1866 年成立了一个新的王国——原生生物界（Praotista kingdom），与其他结构复杂的生物划清了界限。那些与海带一同归属于植物界的单细胞藻类纷纷改弦更张，成为了崛起的新家族——原生生物的成员。

\n
\"\"
\n

 

按照海克尔的分类系统，海带在原生生物界虚晃一枪，又回到了植物界 图片来源：作者绘制

\n

 

然而，海带审视了一下自己，表示：“我虽然结构简单，没有根茎叶的分化，但我是多细胞生物呀!”于是果断决定留在植物界中[3]。

\n

 

几类生物“自立门户”，海带被禁止入内

\n

 

后来，真菌“觉醒”，它猛然发现自己和其他植物和动物都有着显著的区别——细胞壁是几丁质而非纤维素，虽然和动物一样异养但却营腐生或寄生生活。于是，真菌界的“创始人”惠特克（R.H.Whittaker）在 1995 年提出了另立一个真菌界（(Fungi kingdom）。至此，包含原生生物界、真菌界、植物界和动物界“四界”的分类系统形成。

\n

 

不过，这场变革对海带没有直接影响。只是，眼瞅着一同“寄人篱下”的小伙伴纷纷自立门户，海带开始找寻那条腹含“大楚兴，陈胜王”的鲤鱼。

\n

 

时间来到 1969 年，界级分类系统中一个新的国度——原核生物界（Monera kingdom）揭竿而起，喊一声“王侯将相宁有种乎”的时候似乎来了，海带要崛起了吗？然而并没有。海带只能看着藻类中的蓝藻等成为“新贵”。

\n

 

原核生物界的诞生主要归因于显微技术的进步——人们根据细胞有无核膜包被等特征，将生物分为原核细胞和真核细胞。这种基于微观层面的划分对“蠢蠢欲动”的海带来说，只能是鞭长莫及。尽管它的“鞭”真的很长，你吃下的海带结活着的时候长度可超过 3 米[2]。

\n
\"\"
\n

 

海带依然在植物界岿然不动 图片来源：作者绘制

\n

 

与原核生物和原生生物界中大部分单细胞生物相比，它完全坐实了多细胞生物的身份，可相比其他多细胞生物，它又只是一个“简单的多细胞”，只有长长的叶状体在海水中摇摆。是了！“摇摆”就是它对自己定位的真实写照。

\n
\"\"
\n

 

收获中的海带 图片来源：参考文献[4]

\n

 

海带作为“不等鞭毛类”的“前世今生”

\n

 

秉持着“坚持就是胜利”的信念，海带养精蓄锐，等待着“天时地利人和”时局的到来。这一次，海带终于要成功了吗？它能改变自己身为“植物”的宿命了吗？

\n

 

这一时期，人们对生物的认知深入到更微观的尺度，通过分子系统学构建系统发育树来确定生物类群的演化关系。终于，曾经被归为褐藻门（Phaeophyta）的海带，在大多数现代分类方法中被重新划归为“不等鞭毛类”这一更精确的分类单元[5]。

\n

 

不等鞭毛类生物的祖先，早在还是一个小小的细胞时就把弱肉强食的生存法则一遍遍演绎。当早期的真核生物界形成后，这些不等鞭毛类的祖先细胞为了生存，开始对自己的“亲戚们”下手，演化出一种名为“胞吞”的手段——通过细胞膜的凹陷来吞噬其他细胞。但有一天，一个被吞噬的蓝细菌（旧称蓝藻），不知为何没有被消化，这次意外的“共生事件”让真核生物获得了光合作用的能力。而这个幸存蓝细菌，它的后代则演化成了细胞中的“能量工厂”——叶绿体。

\n
\"\"
\n

 

两次内共生图示 图片来源：参考文献[5]

\n

 

吞噬只有零次和无数次，尝到甜头的海带祖先又经过了两次吞噬，形成了四层膜的叶绿体，至此，海带诞生了。疯狂“叠甲”让它和只有两层叶绿体膜的植物直接区分开来，它被归入原生生物界。尽管大业未竟，但海带终于摆脱了植物界的头衔，在原生生物界中赢得了自己的一席之地[5]。

\n
\"\"
\n

 

海带终于来到了原生生物界 图片来源：作者绘制

\n

 

重新认识一下海带吧！

\n

 

那么，让我们来重新认识一下有了“新身份”的海带吧！

\n

 

海带隶属于色藻界 - 褐藻门 - 褐藻纲 - 海带目 - 糖海带属，全名 Saccharina japonica (Aresch.) C.E.Lane, C.Mayes, Druehl & G.W.Saunders, 2006。曾经被当做植物的它，实际上与它的第二个王国——原生生物的关系更近。至于植物，它们曾拥有过共同的祖先，但早已经分道扬镳[6]。但是，在生物界庞大的谱系中，这点亲缘关系实在不足为奇。

\n

 

海带也许背离了植物界和动物界的传统分类，但值得庆幸的是，它并没有“背刺”素食者们——对于鲜嫩的海带制品，依然可以心安理得地尽情享用！

\n

 

参考文献

[1]毛盛贤. 生物界级分类系统的演变过程[J]. 生物学通报, 1999(05): 10-11.

[2]王珊珊, 张瑞标, 常丽荣, 等. 威海桑沟湾海域不同海带品种 / 系的生长状况研究[J/OL]. 大连海洋大学学报, 2020, 35(01): 96-102. DOI:10.16535/j.cnki.dlhyxb.2019-022.

[3]CHI S, QIAN H, LI T, 等. Phylogeny of genera Laminaria and Saccharina (Laminariales, Phaeophyceae) based on three molecular markers[J/OL]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2014, 33(9): 139-151. DOI:10.1007/s13131-014-0525-3.

[4]BARTSCH I, WIENCKE C, BISCHOF K, 等. The genus Laminaria sensu lato  : recent insights and developments[J/OL]. European Journal of Phycology, 2008, 43(1): 1-86. DOI:10.1080/09670260701711376.

[5]BRIGGS G M. Inanimate Life[M]. Milne Open Textbooks, 2024.

[6]NOZAKI H, MARUYAMA S, MATSUZAKI M, 等. Phylogenetic positions of Glaucophyta, green plants (Archaeplastida) and Haptophyta (Chromalveolata) as deduced from slowly evolving nuclear genes[J/OL]. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2009, 53(3): 872-880. DOI:10.1016/j.ympev.2009.08.015.

\n

 

策划制作

出品丨科普中国

作者丨张应超 生态学硕士

监制丨中国科普博览

责编丨一诺

审校丨徐来、林林

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", - "content": "
\"头图\"/
\n

海带（Saccharina japonica）是一种植物吗？毕竟它既能进行光合作用，外形又是一副“绿叶飘飘”的样子。要回答这个问题，我们得先来看几个生物分类学中“王国”（Kingdom）的兴衰史。

\n

 

经常吃海带的朋友都知道，“界门纲目科属种”这个生物分类阶元中，“界”的英文是“Kingdom”，正如这个英文单词最直观的翻译，一类生物可以看作一个王国。但是分类阶元并不是一成不变的，我们对生命演化的认知本就是一个动态调整的过程[1]。从这个角度上来看，海带（及其祖先）就像是一个反复游走在各个王国之间的“流浪者”。

\n

 

在早期分类系统中，海带属于植物

\n

 

“植物界”和“动物界”是最早确立的两个界级分类单元，缔造它们的人是瑞典生物学家林奈，他也正是前述生物分类阶元的开创者。林奈将固着不动和自养型（即能利用无机物合成有机）生物归为植物界（Plantae kingdom）,自由行动且异养型（自身无法合成有机物，只能“吃”别人合成的有机物）的生物归为动物界（Animalia kingdom）。在当时的这一标准下，海带和其他一众藻类伙伴因为能通过光合作用制造有机物归属于植物界理所应当。

\n
\"\"
\n

 

按照林奈分类系统，海带归属于植物界 图片来源：作者绘制

\n

 

随着人们认识逐渐加深，“植物界”和“动物界”中的一些成员突然发现了彼此间巨大的“共同点”，它们都是单细胞生物。前者比如裸藻，后者如草履虫，于是，它们一合计，在德国生物学家海克尔（E.H.Haeckel）的支持下于 1866 年成立了一个新的王国——原生生物界（Praotista kingdom），与其他结构复杂的生物划清了界限。那些与海带一同归属于植物界的单细胞藻类纷纷改弦更张，成为了崛起的新家族——原生生物的成员。

\n
\"\"
\n

 

按照海克尔的分类系统，海带在原生生物界虚晃一枪，又回到了植物界 图片来源：作者绘制

\n

 

然而，海带审视了一下自己，表示：“我虽然结构简单，没有根茎叶的分化，但我是多细胞生物呀!”于是果断决定留在植物界中[3]。

\n

 

几类生物“自立门户”，海带被禁止入内

\n

 

后来，真菌“觉醒”，它猛然发现自己和其他植物和动物都有着显著的区别——细胞壁是几丁质而非纤维素，虽然和动物一样异养但却营腐生或寄生生活。于是，真菌界的“创始人”惠特克（R.H.Whittaker）在 1995 年提出了另立一个真菌界（(Fungi kingdom）。至此，包含原生生物界、真菌界、植物界和动物界“四界”的分类系统形成。

\n

 

不过，这场变革对海带没有直接影响。只是，眼瞅着一同“寄人篱下”的小伙伴纷纷自立门户，海带开始找寻那条腹含“大楚兴，陈胜王”的鲤鱼。

\n

 

时间来到 1969 年，界级分类系统中一个新的国度——原核生物界（Monera kingdom）揭竿而起，喊一声“王侯将相宁有种乎”的时候似乎来了，海带要崛起了吗？然而并没有。海带只能看着藻类中的蓝藻等成为“新贵”。

\n

 

原核生物界的诞生主要归因于显微技术的进步——人们根据细胞有无核膜包被等特征，将生物分为原核细胞和真核细胞。这种基于微观层面的划分对“蠢蠢欲动”的海带来说，只能是鞭长莫及。尽管它的“鞭”真的很长，你吃下的海带结活着的时候长度可超过 3 米[2]。

\n
\"\"
\n

 

海带依然在植物界岿然不动 图片来源：作者绘制

\n

 

与原核生物和原生生物界中大部分单细胞生物相比，它完全坐实了多细胞生物的身份，可相比其他多细胞生物，它又只是一个“简单的多细胞”，只有长长的叶状体在海水中摇摆。是了！“摇摆”就是它对自己定位的真实写照。

\n
\"\"
\n

 

收获中的海带 图片来源：参考文献[4]

\n

 

海带作为“不等鞭毛类”的“前世今生”

\n

 

秉持着“坚持就是胜利”的信念，海带养精蓄锐，等待着“天时地利人和”时局的到来。这一次，海带终于要成功了吗？它能改变自己身为“植物”的宿命了吗？

\n

 

这一时期，人们对生物的认知深入到更微观的尺度，通过分子系统学构建系统发育树来确定生物类群的演化关系。终于，曾经被归为褐藻门（Phaeophyta）的海带，在大多数现代分类方法中被重新划归为“不等鞭毛类”这一更精确的分类单元[5]。

\n

 

不等鞭毛类生物的祖先，早在还是一个小小的细胞时就把弱肉强食的生存法则一遍遍演绎。当早期的真核生物界形成后，这些不等鞭毛类的祖先细胞为了生存，开始对自己的“亲戚们”下手，演化出一种名为“胞吞”的手段——通过细胞膜的凹陷来吞噬其他细胞。但有一天，一个被吞噬的蓝细菌（旧称蓝藻），不知为何没有被消化，这次意外的“共生事件”让真核生物获得了光合作用的能力。而这个幸存蓝细菌，它的后代则演化成了细胞中的“能量工厂”——叶绿体。

\n
\"\"
\n

 

两次内共生图示 图片来源：参考文献[5]

\n

 

吞噬只有零次和无数次，尝到甜头的海带祖先又经过了两次吞噬，形成了四层膜的叶绿体，至此，海带诞生了。疯狂“叠甲”让它和只有两层叶绿体膜的植物直接区分开来，它被归入原生生物界。尽管大业未竟，但海带终于摆脱了植物界的头衔，在原生生物界中赢得了自己的一席之地[5]。

\n
\"\"
\n

 

海带终于来到了原生生物界 图片来源：作者绘制

\n

 

重新认识一下海带吧！

\n

 

那么，让我们来重新认识一下有了“新身份”的海带吧！

\n

 

海带隶属于色藻界 - 褐藻门 - 褐藻纲 - 海带目 - 糖海带属，全名 Saccharina japonica (Aresch.) C.E.Lane, C.Mayes, Druehl & G.W.Saunders, 2006。曾经被当做植物的它，实际上与它的第二个王国——原生生物的关系更近。至于植物，它们曾拥有过共同的祖先，但早已经分道扬镳[6]。但是，在生物界庞大的谱系中，这点亲缘关系实在不足为奇。

\n

 

海带也许背离了植物界和动物界的传统分类，但值得庆幸的是，它并没有“背刺”素食者们——对于鲜嫩的海带制品，依然可以心安理得地尽情享用！

\n

 

参考文献

[1]毛盛贤. 生物界级分类系统的演变过程[J]. 生物学通报, 1999(05): 10-11.

[2]王珊珊, 张瑞标, 常丽荣, 等. 威海桑沟湾海域不同海带品种 / 系的生长状况研究[J/OL]. 大连海洋大学学报, 2020, 35(01): 96-102. DOI:10.16535/j.cnki.dlhyxb.2019-022.

[3]CHI S, QIAN H, LI T, 等. Phylogeny of genera Laminaria and Saccharina (Laminariales, Phaeophyceae) based on three molecular markers[J/OL]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2014, 33(9): 139-151. DOI:10.1007/s13131-014-0525-3.

[4]BARTSCH I, WIENCKE C, BISCHOF K, 等. The genus Laminaria sensu lato  : recent insights and developments[J/OL]. European Journal of Phycology, 2008, 43(1): 1-86. DOI:10.1080/09670260701711376.

[5]BRIGGS G M. Inanimate Life[M]. Milne Open Textbooks, 2024.

[6]NOZAKI H, MARUYAMA S, MATSUZAKI M, 等. Phylogenetic positions of Glaucophyta, green plants (Archaeplastida) and Haptophyta (Chromalveolata) as deduced from slowly evolving nuclear genes[J/OL]. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2009, 53(3): 872-880. DOI:10.1016/j.ympev.2009.08.015.

\n

 

策划制作

出品丨科普中国

作者丨张应超 生态学硕士

监制丨中国科普博览

责编丨一诺

审校丨徐来、林林

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", - "category": "", - "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783436", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "资讯", - "feed": "知乎", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "99dc4dac6a52a0c130ae97fe2c31443b", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "研究称吃瓜类食物可以延缓衰老，原理是什么？瓜类有哪些抗老成分？", - "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

好家伙，让我吃口瓜压压惊。

\n

前排省流：确实可以，起作用的是瓜氨酸，放人身上效果几何有待进一步研究。但是靠吃西瓜来补充比起不完全明确的健康收益，承担糖尿病明确的健康风险更大一些。可以偶尔吃点冬瓜、丝瓜，佛系补充。

\n

原文找到了，是中科院上海有机化学研究所朱正江团队 3 月发表在《科学进展》（IF:14.957，综合性期刊 1 区）的一项研究，名称为《瓜氨酸调节小鼠巨噬细胞代谢和炎症以对抗衰老 Citrulline regulates macrophage metabolism and inflammation to counter aging in mice》：

\n
\"\"
\n

朱正江团队先是对不同年龄（6、24、36、52 和 78 周龄）雄性小鼠的脑组织、肝组织和血清样本的代谢变化进行了综合分析，发现有 7 种代谢物随着小鼠的衰老而含量降低。

\n
\"\"
\n

这些代谢物包括 1,5- 无氢葡糖醇、瓜氨酸、环己酸、氧化三甲胺、麦角硫因、鹅丝氨酸和高瓜氨酸。

\n

而之前的一些研究，已经证实 1,5- 无氢葡糖醇 、麦角硫因、氧化三甲胺和高瓜氨酸与衰老有关，他们就先把目标放在了瓜氨酸上。

\n

24 周龄小鼠的各种组织中，瓜氨酸的含量相对 6 周龄小鼠明显下降，在肝中降低最为明显，达到了 50%，脑和血清中则降低了 20%。

\n

24 周龄是小鼠衰老的起点，从这时起它们的免疫系统功能减弱，毛发变得稀疏，反应变得迟钝，身体机能下降。

\n
\"\"
不同年龄小鼠大脑、肝脏和血清中瓜氨酸的相对丰度
\n

然后呢，研究者把瓜氨酸溶解到饮用水中，让雄性年轻小鼠（6 周龄）和雄性老年小鼠（72 周龄）口服补充，他们还选了相同情况的另外两组小鼠做对照，只喝饮用水，不补瓜氨酸。

\n

有关瓜氨酸的补充，持续了 9 周。

\n
\"\"
\n

然后呢，研究者再分析这些小鼠的脑组织、肝组织和血清。

\n

结果，补充了瓜氨酸的小鼠这些样本内的瓜氨酸水平上升，在年老小鼠体内的提升尤为明显，说明口服的补充方式是有效的。

\n

研究者进一步分析衰老相关的指标，然后神奇的事情就发生了：

\n

9 周的瓜氨酸补充后，老年小鼠体重有效下降，脾脏和肝脏的重量也减轻了。

\n
\"\"
\n

与此同时，还有更多的 magic!

\n

补充瓜氨酸的小鼠，细胞衰老的速度变慢了，DNA 损伤修复了，巨噬细胞代谢被调节得明明白白，小鼠体内的炎症水平都降~低~啦~

\n
\"\"
\n

既然在小鼠上可行，那研究人员赶紧去看看人类的情况。

\n

他们寻找了人类的数据，发现随着年龄增长，人类的外周血单核细胞（PBMC）中的瓜氨酸含量也会减少，而补充瓜氨酸后，同样可以抑制与衰老相关的炎症反应。

\n
\"\"
\n

之前也有诸多研究，指出瓜氨酸对人类肌肉生长及保留、血管健康、运动表现（甚至性功能）等方面有积极的作用。

\n

但作用多少，还是要打个问号，只能说有效果。

\n

说到这里，就要谈瓜氨酸的补充量了。

\n

根据不同的研究，瓜氨酸的有效剂量范围为 3~10 克 / 天，换算成瓜氨酸含量最丰富的西瓜，要吃保底 3 斤的瓜....

\n

瓜氨酸补充不了多少，血糖是肯定要爆炸的，延寿能起到的作用没有多少，糖尿病怕是要先吃出来。

\n
\"\"
\n

丝瓜和冬瓜，瓜氨酸含量也不低，热量低、升糖指数低、饱腹感还很强，倒是不错的选择。

\n

不爱吃丝瓜和冬瓜的朋友也不用太焦虑，瓜氨酸作为一种非必需氨基酸，本身就可以在我们体内合成的。

\n

无论如何，按照膳食指南的标准，没有糖尿病的朋友每天吃 350g 的水果对健康肯定是好的~

\n

请大家理性吃瓜，均衡饮食

\n

祝各位健康长寿

\n

以上

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", - "content": "
\"头图\"/
\n

好家伙，让我吃口瓜压压惊。

\n

前排省流：确实可以，起作用的是瓜氨酸，放人身上效果几何有待进一步研究。但是靠吃西瓜来补充比起不完全明确的健康收益，承担糖尿病明确的健康风险更大一些。可以偶尔吃点冬瓜、丝瓜，佛系补充。

\n

原文找到了，是中科院上海有机化学研究所朱正江团队 3 月发表在《科学进展》（IF:14.957，综合性期刊 1 区）的一项研究，名称为《瓜氨酸调节小鼠巨噬细胞代谢和炎症以对抗衰老 Citrulline regulates macrophage metabolism and inflammation to counter aging in mice》：

\n
\"\"
\n

朱正江团队先是对不同年龄（6、24、36、52 和 78 周龄）雄性小鼠的脑组织、肝组织和血清样本的代谢变化进行了综合分析，发现有 7 种代谢物随着小鼠的衰老而含量降低。

\n
\"\"
\n

这些代谢物包括 1,5- 无氢葡糖醇、瓜氨酸、环己酸、氧化三甲胺、麦角硫因、鹅丝氨酸和高瓜氨酸。

\n

而之前的一些研究，已经证实 1,5- 无氢葡糖醇 、麦角硫因、氧化三甲胺和高瓜氨酸与衰老有关，他们就先把目标放在了瓜氨酸上。

\n

24 周龄小鼠的各种组织中，瓜氨酸的含量相对 6 周龄小鼠明显下降，在肝中降低最为明显，达到了 50%，脑和血清中则降低了 20%。

\n

24 周龄是小鼠衰老的起点，从这时起它们的免疫系统功能减弱，毛发变得稀疏，反应变得迟钝，身体机能下降。

\n
\"\"
不同年龄小鼠大脑、肝脏和血清中瓜氨酸的相对丰度
\n

然后呢，研究者把瓜氨酸溶解到饮用水中，让雄性年轻小鼠（6 周龄）和雄性老年小鼠（72 周龄）口服补充，他们还选了相同情况的另外两组小鼠做对照，只喝饮用水，不补瓜氨酸。

\n

有关瓜氨酸的补充，持续了 9 周。

\n
\"\"
\n

然后呢，研究者再分析这些小鼠的脑组织、肝组织和血清。

\n

结果，补充了瓜氨酸的小鼠这些样本内的瓜氨酸水平上升，在年老小鼠体内的提升尤为明显，说明口服的补充方式是有效的。

\n

研究者进一步分析衰老相关的指标，然后神奇的事情就发生了：

\n

9 周的瓜氨酸补充后，老年小鼠体重有效下降，脾脏和肝脏的重量也减轻了。

\n
\"\"
\n

与此同时，还有更多的 magic!

\n

补充瓜氨酸的小鼠，细胞衰老的速度变慢了，DNA 损伤修复了，巨噬细胞代谢被调节得明明白白，小鼠体内的炎症水平都降~低~啦~

\n
\"\"
\n

既然在小鼠上可行，那研究人员赶紧去看看人类的情况。

\n

他们寻找了人类的数据，发现随着年龄增长，人类的外周血单核细胞（PBMC）中的瓜氨酸含量也会减少，而补充瓜氨酸后，同样可以抑制与衰老相关的炎症反应。

\n
\"\"
\n

之前也有诸多研究，指出瓜氨酸对人类肌肉生长及保留、血管健康、运动表现（甚至性功能）等方面有积极的作用。

\n

但作用多少，还是要打个问号，只能说有效果。

\n

说到这里，就要谈瓜氨酸的补充量了。

\n

根据不同的研究，瓜氨酸的有效剂量范围为 3~10 克 / 天，换算成瓜氨酸含量最丰富的西瓜，要吃保底 3 斤的瓜....

\n

瓜氨酸补充不了多少，血糖是肯定要爆炸的，延寿能起到的作用没有多少，糖尿病怕是要先吃出来。

\n
\"\"
\n

丝瓜和冬瓜，瓜氨酸含量也不低，热量低、升糖指数低、饱腹感还很强，倒是不错的选择。

\n

不爱吃丝瓜和冬瓜的朋友也不用太焦虑，瓜氨酸作为一种非必需氨基酸，本身就可以在我们体内合成的。

\n

无论如何，按照膳食指南的标准，没有糖尿病的朋友每天吃 350g 的水果对健康肯定是好的~

\n

请大家理性吃瓜，均衡饮食

\n

祝各位健康长寿

\n

以上

\n
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\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", - "category": "", - "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783419", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "资讯", - "feed": "知乎", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "b8031d4aeafb9f32d8e20d63fe42b253", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "瞎扯 · 如何正确地吐槽", - "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n
\n\n
\n
\n
@月泠 ：要知道， Cos 不过是 play 的一环。
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\"\"\n
 
\n
 
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
 
\n
\n
\n
\n\n
\n
\n
@Nshen ：天庭公审大会 李靖：泼猴，快说！是谁传你一身本事让你大闹天宫的！ 猴子：我说，我师傅是菩… 玉帝：住嘴！交代你自己的问题，别东拉西扯！
\n
\n
\n\n
\n
\n
@江芷微 ：你要是能用肉眼看清大红斑的时候，刘培强应该也就快完蛋了。
\n
\n
\n\n
\n
\n
@初烁 ：你这么单有一个数字 1 还不太够 遇到数字 1 ，得写「 sin²x+cos²x 」 遇到数字 2 ，得写「日本遭原子弹轰炸的次数」 遇到数字 3 ，得写「光之国太阳的数量」 遇到数字 4 ，得写「九子夺嫡胜出者在兄弟中排行」 遇到数字 5 ，得写「 Mygo 乐队组建时期的人数」 遇到数字 6 ，得写「主」 遇到数字 7 ，得写「一般情况下化合价的最高价」 遇到数字 8 ，得写「空间直角坐标系象限的数量」 遇到数字 9 ，得写「内角和为 1260° 的多边形的边数」 遇到数字 10 ，得写「科举中得到进士出身名号的最低名次」 遇到数字 11 ，得写「流川枫的球衣号码」 遇到数字 12 ，得写「木兰替父从军的年数」 …… 你可以这么写吗？加油，一定能得高分的！
\n
\n
\n\n
\n
\n
@百鬼英梨梨 ：你的本质是一只智人。 你今生来到这个世界上，真正的主线目标只有一个：想办法找一个不会流失热量的栖息地，然后每天搞到 2000 大卡的热量进账。 剩下都是你自己探索的支线。
\n
\n
\n
\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n", - "content": "
\"头图\"/
\n
\n\n
\n
\n
@月泠 ：要知道， Cos 不过是 play 的一环。
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\"\"\n
 
\n
 
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
 
\n
\n
\n
\n\n
\n
\n
@Nshen ：天庭公审大会 李靖：泼猴，快说！是谁传你一身本事让你大闹天宫的！ 猴子：我说，我师傅是菩… 玉帝：住嘴！交代你自己的问题，别东拉西扯！
\n
\n
\n\n
\n
\n
@江芷微 ：你要是能用肉眼看清大红斑的时候，刘培强应该也就快完蛋了。
\n
\n
\n\n
\n
\n
@初烁 ：你这么单有一个数字 1 还不太够 遇到数字 1 ，得写「 sin²x+cos²x 」 遇到数字 2 ，得写「日本遭原子弹轰炸的次数」 遇到数字 3 ，得写「光之国太阳的数量」 遇到数字 4 ，得写「九子夺嫡胜出者在兄弟中排行」 遇到数字 5 ，得写「 Mygo 乐队组建时期的人数」 遇到数字 6 ，得写「主」 遇到数字 7 ，得写「一般情况下化合价的最高价」 遇到数字 8 ，得写「空间直角坐标系象限的数量」 遇到数字 9 ，得写「内角和为 1260° 的多边形的边数」 遇到数字 10 ，得写「科举中得到进士出身名号的最低名次」 遇到数字 11 ，得写「流川枫的球衣号码」 遇到数字 12 ，得写「木兰替父从军的年数」 …… 你可以这么写吗？加油，一定能得高分的！
\n
\n
\n\n
\n
\n
@百鬼英梨梨 ：你的本质是一只智人。 你今生来到这个世界上，真正的主线目标只有一个：想办法找一个不会流失热量的栖息地，然后每天搞到 2000 大卡的热量进账。 剩下都是你自己探索的支线。
\n
\n
\n
\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n", - "category": "", - "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783409", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "资讯", - "feed": "知乎", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "bc8faf1affd814d3f0e346483d295dae", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "老虎舔冰块直接刮下一堆冰渣，它的舌头有多锋利？被老虎舔一下可能造成什么后果？", - "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

我之前就回答过，如果和人打，老虎可能用舌头都能赢。倒不是它的舌头有多锋利，而是上面的“倒刺”很有意思。老虎哪怕是出于善意，往人脸上轻轻舔上那么一小口，人都会遭不住。

\n

一、先介绍一下老虎的舌头和上面的“倒刺”

\n
\"\"
\n

1.老虎舌头上的“倒刺”是什么，有没有杀伤力？

\n

老虎舌头上的这种倒刺，正儿八经的名字叫“丝状乳头”，是密集分布于舌头上的角质化突起，硬度与人类指甲相似。

\n

大家不妨想象一下：如果不小心被“川渝暴龙”长长的指甲刮一下我们都有可能挂彩，何况是这种状如针尖和钩刺般的“指甲”呢，其伤害力和“川渝暴龙”比起来，简直就是真正的霸王龙级别。

\n

而且，不只是老虎，很多猫科动物，如像猫、猞猁、雪豹、金钱豹等的舌头上，也有类似的“倒刺”，结构大同小异。

\n
\"\"
\n

就倒刺的分布而言，在舌根和舌头的边缘位置倒刺较少、较小、较软，在舌头中间部位则较多、较大、较硬。

\n
\"\"
\n

2.老虎舌上“倒刺”的主要用途是什么？

\n

但是，老虎却不是用这玩意儿来杀伤，而是主要用来辅助进食。

\n

老虎吃东西的时候，有些肉会黏在猎物的骨头上，难用牙齿直接咬下来。这时候，舌头上的倒刺就派上了用场。它们就像一把把小刮刀，帮助老虎轻轻地把黏在骨头上的肉刮下来，让老虎吃得更干净、更满足。

\n
\"\"
\n

另外，还可以用来梳理（清理）毛发‌。这时候，倒刺会像梳子般游走于毛发之间，清除寄生虫、刮去灰尘，维护皮肤健康。‌‌

\n

比如，用来清理自己↓

\n
\"\"
\n

或用来清理幼崽↓

\n
\"\"
\n

额~~~，图放错了，重来↓

\n
\"\"
\n

或者，相互清理↓

\n
\"\"
\n

当然，唾液也能通过倒刺的空腔输送至表面，兼具清洁和降温功能，就像二哈那样吐舌散热。

\n
\"\"
\n

前面讲过，倒刺在舌头中间多而硬，在边缘少儿软，所以，估计它们在辅助进食时，中部用得多一些，舔小宝宝和清理毛发时，边缘用得较多。

\n

二、再重申一下老虎的威慑力

\n

大家千万不要以为，老虎就舌头厉害。其实，无论是体型、掌爪、身法，老虎样样都顶尖，人类（包括其他大多数陆生哺乳动物）在它面前，都弱得一批。

\n

要知道，有威慑力的老虎，可不是这玩意儿↓

\n
\"\"
\n

也不是这种状态↓

\n
\"\"
\n

而是，这样的大家伙↓

\n
\"\"
\n

它的压迫感满满，光是气势这块，就没输过谁。

\n

1.老虎的体型比我们想象中大很多

\n

俗话说，“骂架看嗓门，打架看块头”。老虎的块头很大的，据说雄性东北虎体长最大可达 3.7 米、体重最大可达 423 千克。连最小苏门答腊虎雄虎体长都可达 2.34 米、体重可达 136 千克。这种体型，可不是人能抗衡的。它们的站立高度一般都有 2 至 3 米。‌‌‌‌

\n

瞧瞧这体型和高度↓

\n
\"\"
\n

再看看这个↓

\n
\"\"
\n

在这样的大家伙面前，在这样大的体型差距下，人类还能有什么胜算？

\n
\"\"
\n

2.老虎的掌（爪）是它们的致命武器

\n

对老虎来说，“嘴是一扇门，全靠爪打人”，没错，它们的看家本领就是爪（掌）击。

\n
据说，东北虎的掌力比狮子还大 10％左右，居猫科动物之冠。成年雄性东北虎掌力可达 1000 千克左右，成年雌性东北虎也可达 800-900 千克左右。
\n

因此，老虎的爪趾虽然不能像人那样握紧成拳来进行攻击，但仅凭一对有力的掌（爪）就足以击败（甚至灭杀）大多数陆地哺乳动物。

\n

先看看它们自己击掌友谊赛的力度和速率

\n
\"\"
\n

再看看它们锋利的爪子

\n
\"\"
\n

再看看他们掌虐狮子有多轻松，一掌拍歪狮子头。人的头在它面前，估计软得就像红烧“狮子头”。

\n
\"\"
\n

再来，三下五除二，掌服你个“软狮（柿）子”

\n
\"\"
\n

3.老虎的身法也是矫健无比

\n

它们上天可打鸟

\n
\"\"
\n

下水可捉鱼

\n
\"\"
\n

额~~~，又错了，换一张

\n
\"\"
\n

甚至还可以潜入水底

\n
\"\"
\n

立定跳远，能轻松越过小河

\n
\"\"
\n

纵身一跃，接近“两三层楼那么高”

\n
\"\"
\n

这种身法，人在他面前就像块木头那样呆，像个蜗牛那么慢。

\n

打不过，也别想着跑。老虎的速度最高可达 72-88 公里 / 小时，“世界上最快的男人”博尔特 100 米竞赛记录是 9 秒 58(约 36 公里 / 小时)，在老虎面前也弱得一批。千万别试图在他面前逃跑，当它瞄准你飞扑过来时，你最好祈祷它那巴掌扇得温柔一点。

\n
\"\"
\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", - "content": "
\"头图\"/
\n

我之前就回答过，如果和人打，老虎可能用舌头都能赢。倒不是它的舌头有多锋利，而是上面的“倒刺”很有意思。老虎哪怕是出于善意，往人脸上轻轻舔上那么一小口，人都会遭不住。

\n

一、先介绍一下老虎的舌头和上面的“倒刺”

\n
\"\"
\n

1.老虎舌头上的“倒刺”是什么，有没有杀伤力？

\n

老虎舌头上的这种倒刺，正儿八经的名字叫“丝状乳头”，是密集分布于舌头上的角质化突起，硬度与人类指甲相似。

\n

大家不妨想象一下：如果不小心被“川渝暴龙”长长的指甲刮一下我们都有可能挂彩，何况是这种状如针尖和钩刺般的“指甲”呢，其伤害力和“川渝暴龙”比起来，简直就是真正的霸王龙级别。

\n

而且，不只是老虎，很多猫科动物，如像猫、猞猁、雪豹、金钱豹等的舌头上，也有类似的“倒刺”，结构大同小异。

\n
\"\"
\n

就倒刺的分布而言，在舌根和舌头的边缘位置倒刺较少、较小、较软，在舌头中间部位则较多、较大、较硬。

\n
\"\"
\n

2.老虎舌上“倒刺”的主要用途是什么？

\n

但是，老虎却不是用这玩意儿来杀伤，而是主要用来辅助进食。

\n

老虎吃东西的时候，有些肉会黏在猎物的骨头上，难用牙齿直接咬下来。这时候，舌头上的倒刺就派上了用场。它们就像一把把小刮刀，帮助老虎轻轻地把黏在骨头上的肉刮下来，让老虎吃得更干净、更满足。

\n
\"\"
\n

另外，还可以用来梳理（清理）毛发‌。这时候，倒刺会像梳子般游走于毛发之间，清除寄生虫、刮去灰尘，维护皮肤健康。‌‌

\n

比如，用来清理自己↓

\n
\"\"
\n

或用来清理幼崽↓

\n
\"\"
\n

额~~~，图放错了，重来↓

\n
\"\"
\n

或者，相互清理↓

\n
\"\"
\n

当然，唾液也能通过倒刺的空腔输送至表面，兼具清洁和降温功能，就像二哈那样吐舌散热。

\n
\"\"
\n

前面讲过，倒刺在舌头中间多而硬，在边缘少儿软，所以，估计它们在辅助进食时，中部用得多一些，舔小宝宝和清理毛发时，边缘用得较多。

\n

二、再重申一下老虎的威慑力

\n

大家千万不要以为，老虎就舌头厉害。其实，无论是体型、掌爪、身法，老虎样样都顶尖，人类（包括其他大多数陆生哺乳动物）在它面前，都弱得一批。

\n

要知道，有威慑力的老虎，可不是这玩意儿↓

\n
\"\"
\n

也不是这种状态↓

\n
\"\"
\n

而是，这样的大家伙↓

\n
\"\"
\n

它的压迫感满满，光是气势这块，就没输过谁。

\n

1.老虎的体型比我们想象中大很多

\n

俗话说，“骂架看嗓门，打架看块头”。老虎的块头很大的，据说雄性东北虎体长最大可达 3.7 米、体重最大可达 423 千克。连最小苏门答腊虎雄虎体长都可达 2.34 米、体重可达 136 千克。这种体型，可不是人能抗衡的。它们的站立高度一般都有 2 至 3 米。‌‌‌‌

\n

瞧瞧这体型和高度↓

\n
\"\"
\n

再看看这个↓

\n
\"\"
\n

在这样的大家伙面前，在这样大的体型差距下，人类还能有什么胜算？

\n
\"\"
\n

2.老虎的掌（爪）是它们的致命武器

\n

对老虎来说，“嘴是一扇门，全靠爪打人”，没错，它们的看家本领就是爪（掌）击。

\n
据说，东北虎的掌力比狮子还大 10％左右，居猫科动物之冠。成年雄性东北虎掌力可达 1000 千克左右，成年雌性东北虎也可达 800-900 千克左右。
\n

因此，老虎的爪趾虽然不能像人那样握紧成拳来进行攻击，但仅凭一对有力的掌（爪）就足以击败（甚至灭杀）大多数陆地哺乳动物。

\n

先看看它们自己击掌友谊赛的力度和速率

\n
\"\"
\n

再看看它们锋利的爪子

\n
\"\"
\n

再看看他们掌虐狮子有多轻松，一掌拍歪狮子头。人的头在它面前，估计软得就像红烧“狮子头”。

\n
\"\"
\n

再来，三下五除二，掌服你个“软狮（柿）子”

\n
\"\"
\n

3.老虎的身法也是矫健无比

\n

它们上天可打鸟

\n
\"\"
\n

下水可捉鱼

\n
\"\"
\n

额~~~，又错了，换一张

\n
\"\"
\n

甚至还可以潜入水底

\n
\"\"
\n

立定跳远，能轻松越过小河

\n
\"\"
\n

纵身一跃，接近“两三层楼那么高”

\n
\"\"
\n

这种身法，人在他面前就像块木头那样呆，像个蜗牛那么慢。

\n

打不过，也别想着跑。老虎的速度最高可达 72-88 公里 / 小时，“世界上最快的男人”博尔特 100 米竞赛记录是 9 秒 58(约 36 公里 / 小时)，在老虎面前也弱得一批。千万别试图在他面前逃跑，当它瞄准你飞扑过来时，你最好祈祷它那巴掌扇得温柔一点。

\n
\"\"
\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", - "category": "", - "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783410", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "资讯", - "feed": "知乎", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "a3d9f8c210dca65f2c4f19d6c23c2559", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "我撸猫撸得她舒舒服服的为啥突然咬我？", - "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

谢邀，这属于猫的「抚摸型攻击」。

\n

这种动物行为确实很违反人类世界的常理，

\n

但也许并不违背动物世界的常理。

\n
\"\"
（该图片由 Chris Abney 在 Unsplash 上发布）
\n

（一）这只猫属于「抚摸型攻击」

\n

问题中说：猫被摸了明明很享受，我们假定题主是正确的，猫确实「很享受」，那么在人类看来这就特别地反常理：

\n

如果被摸坏了、摸疼了，有反抗行为尚可理解其因果；那怎么被摸好了还会发动攻击？

\n

但也许在动物的世界中，这其实并不矛盾。

\n
\"\"
（该图片由 Lena Koval 在 Unsplash 上发布）
\n

抚摸型攻击（petting-ralated aggression）[1]，

\n

或称「抚摸诱发型攻击」（petting-induced aggression）[2][3][4]，意指：猫在被人抚摸的过程中，对人所发动的攻击[1]。

\n

上面这个「定义」虽然看起来有点废话文学的味道，但其实蕴含着一个矛盾的地方，那就是：

\n

既然猫已经接受了被人抚摸

\n

（往往还表现出乐于被抚摸[3]，例如问题中的猫就被认为「明明很享受」），

\n

那又为什么还会突然「翻脸」呢？

\n

〔反之，如果猫在一开始就拒绝接触、完全不给摸，则通常归类为其他的攻击类型，如：恐惧 / 防卫型攻击（fear/defensive aggression）[1][3]〕

\n
\"\"
（该图片由 Alex Uslkov 在 Unsplash 上发布）
\n

这个问题，目前我们了解得还不够深入，所以只能够提出一些假设，来解释「抚摸型攻击」的成因。

\n

（二）哪些原因可能导致抚摸型攻击？（1）是不是有猫病？——感觉过敏综合征

\n

疾病和疼痛会诱发猫的攻击行为[1][5]，因此，当猫表现出反常的攻击性时，我们首先要排除病理因素，病理问题若得不到解决，再高明的行为训练手段，往往也无济于事。

\n

例如，猫的甲状腺功能亢进（hyperthyroidism）和退行性关节病（degenerative joint disease，DJD；或称变性关节病）都可能导致猫不愿被抚摸、攻击性增强[6][7][8]。

\n
\"\"
（该图片购自图虫创意｜图文无关）
\n

还有感觉过敏综合征

\n

（hyperesthesia syndrome）[1]。

\n

所谓「感觉过敏」，可以大致理解为「感觉过度敏感」；对健康个体而言，只能产生轻微感觉（或不适感）的微弱刺激，在感觉过敏者身上，却能引起难以忍受的疼痛，类似这样的现象，就称之为「感觉过敏」（hyperesthesia）[9][10]。

\n

猫的感觉过敏综合征包括一系列复杂的行为表现[1]；例如，抓咬自身躯干和四肢的自我伤害行为[1][11][12]，以及对人的触碰十分敏感、显示出攻击性等。

\n

发作轻微或偶发，可能并不需要治疗[1]。

\n

但猫的感觉过敏综合征可能与癫痫有关[13]，因此依然值得重视。

\n

此外，猫的被毛及室内环境比较干燥时，抚摸可能产生静电[14]，这也是一个与疼痛相关的因素。

\n

（2）摸的时间太长了？——谢谢，够了，请停下

\n

猫乐于被人抚摸的天性，很可能源自猫的异体理毛（allogrooming）行为[15][16][17]。

\n

猫总体上偏独居，但仍具有一定社会性，互相蹭头、用梳子般的舌头给对方理毛，这些都是猫咪之间友好社会行为的体现。

\n
\"\"
（该图片由 Ayelt van Veen 在 Unsplash 上发布）
\n

猫会享受人的抚摸，这很可能就是猫与猫之间互相舔梳、理毛行为的延伸。

\n

当猫咪互相舔梳时，通常是由舔的一方来终止这个过程[4]，但我们经常也可以观察到，被舔的一方突然发动攻击来终止这一过程，就算是猫妈妈，都有可能把幼猫给舔「烦」了，甚至幼猫可能还会攻击猫妈妈（当然这时小不点幼猫的攻击，对猫妈妈来说无关痛痒）。

\n

而我们人类在抚摸猫时，往往可能持续过长的时间，于是，上文所述的、发生在猫与猫之间的这一幕，就会发生在猫与人之间，被抚摸的猫通过攻击行为，来终止过长时间的抚摸。

\n

（3）瞌睡与震惊——我是谁？我在哪？

\n

另有一种假说认为，当人类的抚摸令猫感到舒适和愉快时，猫可能就会进入浅睡状态，渐渐失去了对身边环境的感知[4]，当猫突然惊醒，就可能会感到自己被一只手给「按住了」，猫为了摆脱控制，于是就发动了攻击。

\n
\"\"
（该图片由 Sbringser 在 Pixabay 上发布）
\n

如果你也被猫咪「喜怒无常」的行为困扰着，希望这篇回答可以帮你解惑~

\n
\"\"
（该图片由 Paul Hanaoka 在 Unsplash 上发布）
\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n
获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", - "content": "
\"头图\"/
\n

谢邀，这属于猫的「抚摸型攻击」。

\n

这种动物行为确实很违反人类世界的常理，

\n

但也许并不违背动物世界的常理。

\n
\"\"
（该图片由 Chris Abney 在 Unsplash 上发布）
\n

（一）这只猫属于「抚摸型攻击」

\n

问题中说：猫被摸了明明很享受，我们假定题主是正确的，猫确实「很享受」，那么在人类看来这就特别地反常理：

\n

如果被摸坏了、摸疼了，有反抗行为尚可理解其因果；那怎么被摸好了还会发动攻击？

\n

但也许在动物的世界中，这其实并不矛盾。

\n
\"\"
（该图片由 Lena Koval 在 Unsplash 上发布）
\n

抚摸型攻击（petting-ralated aggression）[1]，

\n

或称「抚摸诱发型攻击」（petting-induced aggression）[2][3][4]，意指：猫在被人抚摸的过程中，对人所发动的攻击[1]。

\n

上面这个「定义」虽然看起来有点废话文学的味道，但其实蕴含着一个矛盾的地方，那就是：

\n

既然猫已经接受了被人抚摸

\n

（往往还表现出乐于被抚摸[3]，例如问题中的猫就被认为「明明很享受」），

\n

那又为什么还会突然「翻脸」呢？

\n

〔反之，如果猫在一开始就拒绝接触、完全不给摸，则通常归类为其他的攻击类型，如：恐惧 / 防卫型攻击（fear/defensive aggression）[1][3]〕

\n
\"\"
（该图片由 Alex Uslkov 在 Unsplash 上发布）
\n

这个问题，目前我们了解得还不够深入，所以只能够提出一些假设，来解释「抚摸型攻击」的成因。

\n

（二）哪些原因可能导致抚摸型攻击？（1）是不是有猫病？——感觉过敏综合征

\n

疾病和疼痛会诱发猫的攻击行为[1][5]，因此，当猫表现出反常的攻击性时，我们首先要排除病理因素，病理问题若得不到解决，再高明的行为训练手段，往往也无济于事。

\n

例如，猫的甲状腺功能亢进（hyperthyroidism）和退行性关节病（degenerative joint disease，DJD；或称变性关节病）都可能导致猫不愿被抚摸、攻击性增强[6][7][8]。

\n
\"\"
（该图片购自图虫创意｜图文无关）
\n

还有感觉过敏综合征

\n

（hyperesthesia syndrome）[1]。

\n

所谓「感觉过敏」，可以大致理解为「感觉过度敏感」；对健康个体而言，只能产生轻微感觉（或不适感）的微弱刺激，在感觉过敏者身上，却能引起难以忍受的疼痛，类似这样的现象，就称之为「感觉过敏」（hyperesthesia）[9][10]。

\n

猫的感觉过敏综合征包括一系列复杂的行为表现[1]；例如，抓咬自身躯干和四肢的自我伤害行为[1][11][12]，以及对人的触碰十分敏感、显示出攻击性等。

\n

发作轻微或偶发，可能并不需要治疗[1]。

\n

但猫的感觉过敏综合征可能与癫痫有关[13]，因此依然值得重视。

\n

此外，猫的被毛及室内环境比较干燥时，抚摸可能产生静电[14]，这也是一个与疼痛相关的因素。

\n

（2）摸的时间太长了？——谢谢，够了，请停下

\n

猫乐于被人抚摸的天性，很可能源自猫的异体理毛（allogrooming）行为[15][16][17]。

\n

猫总体上偏独居，但仍具有一定社会性，互相蹭头、用梳子般的舌头给对方理毛，这些都是猫咪之间友好社会行为的体现。

\n
\"\"
（该图片由 Ayelt van Veen 在 Unsplash 上发布）
\n

猫会享受人的抚摸，这很可能就是猫与猫之间互相舔梳、理毛行为的延伸。

\n

当猫咪互相舔梳时，通常是由舔的一方来终止这个过程[4]，但我们经常也可以观察到，被舔的一方突然发动攻击来终止这一过程，就算是猫妈妈，都有可能把幼猫给舔「烦」了，甚至幼猫可能还会攻击猫妈妈（当然这时小不点幼猫的攻击，对猫妈妈来说无关痛痒）。

\n

而我们人类在抚摸猫时，往往可能持续过长的时间，于是，上文所述的、发生在猫与猫之间的这一幕，就会发生在猫与人之间，被抚摸的猫通过攻击行为，来终止过长时间的抚摸。

\n

（3）瞌睡与震惊——我是谁？我在哪？

\n

另有一种假说认为，当人类的抚摸令猫感到舒适和愉快时，猫可能就会进入浅睡状态，渐渐失去了对身边环境的感知[4]，当猫突然惊醒，就可能会感到自己被一只手给「按住了」，猫为了摆脱控制，于是就发动了攻击。

\n
\"\"
（该图片由 Sbringser 在 Pixabay 上发布）
\n

如果你也被猫咪「喜怒无常」的行为困扰着，希望这篇回答可以帮你解惑~

\n
\"\"
（该图片由 Paul Hanaoka 在 Unsplash 上发布）
\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n
获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", - "category": "", - "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783418", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "资讯", - "feed": "知乎", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "23e28fe727c5b4daa4023510de585abd", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "大洋中有无人岛，那么大沙漠中是否有无人绿洲?", - "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

有。

\n

而且很多。

\n
\"\"
塔里木河尾闾湖台特玛湖
\n

因为，人这种物种，看似顽强，实则，和动植物相比，对生存环境的要求还是很高的。

\n

大沙漠中，有很多有水，有草，有树，有动物的区域，因为种种现实条件限制，人类无法定居。

\n

比如说，沙漠内部内流河的尾闾湖。

\n
\"\"
石羊河尾闾湖青土湖
\n

绿洲本意是在大尺度的荒漠里，小范围内，具有一定规模的生物群落，相对比较稳定，具有明显的小气候的区域。

\n

内流河的尾闾湖中，有很多深处大沙漠中，有稳定的生物群落，有茂盛的植物（芦苇，胡杨林，红柳等），多样的动物（水鸟，啮齿类动物），有比沙漠更湿润的小气候。

\n

但是，因为水源是季节性的，不稳定的水源，或者因为水质较差，因此人类无法（不愿）在此定居。

\n

比如台特玛湖。

\n
\"\"
\n
\"\"
\n

台特玛湖是塔里木河和车尔臣河共同的尾闾湖，位置在若羌县城以北大约 100 里。

\n

台特玛湖深居我国第一大沙漠，塔克拉玛干沙漠内部。

\n

目前台特玛湖在丰水期，水域面积大约在 88 平方千米，大约相当于 13 个西湖。

\n

曾经因为塔里木河和车尔臣河流域内截流灌溉，河流断流，台特玛湖在上个世纪的后半段，曾经长时间干涸。

\n

在 2000 年后，因为车尔臣河水量增加，塔里木河流域内水利调度，生态输水，台特玛湖逐渐恢复。

\n

沙漠地区只要是有水，植被会很快恢复。

\n

随之恢复的是动物种群。

\n

目前台特玛湖监测到的鸟类，有白鹭、赤麻鸭、鸬鹚、野鸭、红嘴鸥、灰鹤、文须雀等近 30 种鸟类。

\n
\"\"
\n

动植物对环境的变化总是敏感的。

\n

而且，绿洲对小气候的影响也是显而易见的。

\n

随之台特玛湖的恢复，绿洲内沙尘天数降低，大风强度下降，空气湿度上升。

\n

但是这样有水，有草，有鸟的区域并不适合人类居住。

\n
\"\"
\n

一来，因为没有足够的水源供农业生产。

\n

这里的水本就是塔里木河和车尔臣河流域内，压缩农业生产省下来的水，是为了恢复生态用的。

\n

二来，有水，也是季节性的。

\n

夏秋季，塔里木河和车尔臣河处于汛期时，才会有水流入台特玛湖。

\n

其余季节并没有多余的水。

\n

三来，即便其它季节湖内仍有积水，但是，内流湖盐碱度普遍高。

\n

偏咸的水体，耐盐碱的植物能够适应生长，湿地水鸟也能够适应并愉快栖息，人类却不能饮用，也不能用这样的水灌溉。

\n

所以啊，人类的适应性，比动植物差很多。

\n

当然了，只是不能定居和生产，去旅游或者从 G218 上开车经过的人还是挺多的。

\n
\"\"
\n

这种情况算不算无人绿洲，见仁见智吧！

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", - "content": "
\"头图\"/
\n

有。

\n

而且很多。

\n
\"\"
塔里木河尾闾湖台特玛湖
\n

因为，人这种物种，看似顽强，实则，和动植物相比，对生存环境的要求还是很高的。

\n

大沙漠中，有很多有水，有草，有树，有动物的区域，因为种种现实条件限制，人类无法定居。

\n

比如说，沙漠内部内流河的尾闾湖。

\n
\"\"
石羊河尾闾湖青土湖
\n

绿洲本意是在大尺度的荒漠里，小范围内，具有一定规模的生物群落，相对比较稳定，具有明显的小气候的区域。

\n

内流河的尾闾湖中，有很多深处大沙漠中，有稳定的生物群落，有茂盛的植物（芦苇，胡杨林，红柳等），多样的动物（水鸟，啮齿类动物），有比沙漠更湿润的小气候。

\n

但是，因为水源是季节性的，不稳定的水源，或者因为水质较差，因此人类无法（不愿）在此定居。

\n

比如台特玛湖。

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台特玛湖是塔里木河和车尔臣河共同的尾闾湖，位置在若羌县城以北大约 100 里。

\n

台特玛湖深居我国第一大沙漠，塔克拉玛干沙漠内部。

\n

目前台特玛湖在丰水期，水域面积大约在 88 平方千米，大约相当于 13 个西湖。

\n

曾经因为塔里木河和车尔臣河流域内截流灌溉，河流断流，台特玛湖在上个世纪的后半段，曾经长时间干涸。

\n

在 2000 年后，因为车尔臣河水量增加，塔里木河流域内水利调度，生态输水，台特玛湖逐渐恢复。

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沙漠地区只要是有水，植被会很快恢复。

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随之恢复的是动物种群。

\n

目前台特玛湖监测到的鸟类，有白鹭、赤麻鸭、鸬鹚、野鸭、红嘴鸥、灰鹤、文须雀等近 30 种鸟类。

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动植物对环境的变化总是敏感的。

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而且，绿洲对小气候的影响也是显而易见的。

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随之台特玛湖的恢复，绿洲内沙尘天数降低，大风强度下降，空气湿度上升。

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但是这样有水，有草，有鸟的区域并不适合人类居住。

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一来，因为没有足够的水源供农业生产。

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这里的水本就是塔里木河和车尔臣河流域内，压缩农业生产省下来的水，是为了恢复生态用的。

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二来，有水，也是季节性的。

\n

夏秋季，塔里木河和车尔臣河处于汛期时，才会有水流入台特玛湖。

\n

其余季节并没有多余的水。

\n

三来，即便其它季节湖内仍有积水，但是，内流湖盐碱度普遍高。

\n

偏咸的水体，耐盐碱的植物能够适应生长，湿地水鸟也能够适应并愉快栖息，人类却不能饮用，也不能用这样的水灌溉。

\n

所以啊，人类的适应性，比动植物差很多。

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当然了，只是不能定居和生产，去旅游或者从 G218 上开车经过的人还是挺多的。

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\"\"
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这种情况算不算无人绿洲，见仁见智吧！

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\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", - "category": "", - "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783398", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "资讯", - "feed": "知乎", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "7c0d4990073455f0210bedf1717a7f76", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "瞎扯 · 如何正确地吐槽", - "description": "
\"头图\"/
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@冷红 ：换成这个骑行可能大家感官上会更好一些。
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@三两老友面加煎蛋 ： 2025 年 7 月 4 日下午 2 时，武汉街头。甲乙二人各自行走时，甲突然将乙推到在地并向其播撒盐、孜然、辣椒面，时间长达五分钟，期间反复翻滚乙的身体。请问甲的行为涉嫌以下哪个选项（) A. 故意伤害 B. 故意杀人 C. 非法经营烧烤食品 D. 占道经营
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@潘小地 ：能推荐一下你老婆看的小说有哪些吗？最近有点书荒了……
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@Sakura ：我们部门我自己招的新同学，名字叫师马懿，当时就看中他为人忠厚老实，名字特别。
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@JokerLiao ：上课的时候老师想锻炼我们即兴演讲， 60 秒随机来人任何主题无所谓结构随便说，但是不能出现 emmm 和 just 或者 like ， 结果全班四十多个人，被抽上去三十多个，除了老师和助教，只有一个母语不是英文的中国人成功了……
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\n

 

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\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n", - "content": "
\"头图\"/
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\n\n
\n
\n
@冷红 ：换成这个骑行可能大家感官上会更好一些。
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\"\"\n
 
\n
 
\n
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\n
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\n
@三两老友面加煎蛋 ： 2025 年 7 月 4 日下午 2 时，武汉街头。甲乙二人各自行走时，甲突然将乙推到在地并向其播撒盐、孜然、辣椒面，时间长达五分钟，期间反复翻滚乙的身体。请问甲的行为涉嫌以下哪个选项（) A. 故意伤害 B. 故意杀人 C. 非法经营烧烤食品 D. 占道经营
\n
\n
\n\n
\n
\n
@潘小地 ：能推荐一下你老婆看的小说有哪些吗？最近有点书荒了……
\n
\n
\n\n
\n
\n
@Sakura ：我们部门我自己招的新同学，名字叫师马懿，当时就看中他为人忠厚老实，名字特别。
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\"\"\n
 
\n
 
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
\n
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\n
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@JokerLiao ：上课的时候老师想锻炼我们即兴演讲， 60 秒随机来人任何主题无所谓结构随便说，但是不能出现 emmm 和 just 或者 like ， 结果全班四十多个人，被抽上去三十多个，除了老师和助教，只有一个母语不是英文的中国人成功了……
\n
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\n

 

\n
\n
\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n", - "category": "", - "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783375", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Thu, 21 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "资讯", - "feed": "知乎", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "ffdcb7adabc73586693d2e22207c66c6", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "生物可以合成纤维，也可以合成塑料，那么能不能长出复合材料的支撑结构？", - "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

能。刚好一大学的录取通知书中有蘑菇纸，其关键——「菌丝体」就是一种复合材料支撑结构。

\n

什么是菌丝体？

\n
菌菇类的菌丝在基质中或培养基上蔓延伸展，反复分枝网状成菌丝群，通称菌丝体[1]。
\n
\"\"
一种菇类的菌丝体外观
\n
\"\"
菌丝体三维结构示意图
\n

这个菌丝体很有意思，在一定条件下可以利用其三维立体网状结构将植物纤维紧密粘黏在一起，构成一种天然的植物纤维符合材料。这种材料绿色、环保、可降解，可以应用在包装、服装、建筑材料等领域。

\n
\"\"
\n
\"\"
一种菌类的菌丝与纤维制成的复合材料应用构想
\n

这种菌丝体复合材料的概念是怎么来的呢？

\n

2007 年，大漂亮国的研究团队首先提出了一种菌丝体复合材料的概念：

\n
自然界中广泛存在的真菌能利用秸秆、木屑、稻壳等作为基质，形成血管状分枝的三维立体网络结构的菌丝体。这种网状菌丝体就像黏合剂一样，将不连续的植物纤维紧密结合在一起，形成一种天然的生物复合材料。这种菌丝体复合材料对环境友好、绿色，可再生，有着广泛的用途[2]。
\n

在国内，吉林农业大学的科研团队经过大量的试验，甄选出一种灵芝菌种作为培养菌丝的基体，用果糖作为主要营养物质，把培养出的灵芝菌丝增强玉米秸秆的纤维，制备出了一种菌丝增强符合材料，并通过热压成型等工艺将复合材料制成板材或薄如纸张的材料（如录取通知书内页等）[3]。

\n
\"\"
\n

这就是最近比较火的「菌菇纸」通知书的由来。这种纸本质上是一种菌丝增强复核材料，只不过它的原材料均为天然材质，且未经过传统造纸工艺，也未添加化学试剂，所以它绿色、环保、天然，理论上也可以吃。

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", - "content": "
\"头图\"/
\n

能。刚好一大学的录取通知书中有蘑菇纸，其关键——「菌丝体」就是一种复合材料支撑结构。

\n

什么是菌丝体？

\n
菌菇类的菌丝在基质中或培养基上蔓延伸展，反复分枝网状成菌丝群，通称菌丝体[1]。
\n
\"\"
一种菇类的菌丝体外观
\n
\"\"
菌丝体三维结构示意图
\n

这个菌丝体很有意思，在一定条件下可以利用其三维立体网状结构将植物纤维紧密粘黏在一起，构成一种天然的植物纤维符合材料。这种材料绿色、环保、可降解，可以应用在包装、服装、建筑材料等领域。

\n
\"\"
\n
\"\"
一种菌类的菌丝与纤维制成的复合材料应用构想
\n

这种菌丝体复合材料的概念是怎么来的呢？

\n

2007 年，大漂亮国的研究团队首先提出了一种菌丝体复合材料的概念：

\n
自然界中广泛存在的真菌能利用秸秆、木屑、稻壳等作为基质，形成血管状分枝的三维立体网络结构的菌丝体。这种网状菌丝体就像黏合剂一样，将不连续的植物纤维紧密结合在一起，形成一种天然的生物复合材料。这种菌丝体复合材料对环境友好、绿色，可再生，有着广泛的用途[2]。
\n

在国内，吉林农业大学的科研团队经过大量的试验，甄选出一种灵芝菌种作为培养菌丝的基体，用果糖作为主要营养物质，把培养出的灵芝菌丝增强玉米秸秆的纤维，制备出了一种菌丝增强符合材料，并通过热压成型等工艺将复合材料制成板材或薄如纸张的材料（如录取通知书内页等）[3]。

\n
\"\"
\n

这就是最近比较火的「菌菇纸」通知书的由来。这种纸本质上是一种菌丝增强复核材料，只不过它的原材料均为天然材质，且未经过传统造纸工艺，也未添加化学试剂，所以它绿色、环保、天然，理论上也可以吃。

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", - "category": "", - "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783385", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Thu, 21 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "资讯", - "feed": "知乎", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "40f276790bd9e7f2713162d5c14af1db", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "为什么音乐能瞬间改变情绪，而文字需要时间消化？", - "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

这个问题来得真及时！作为一个从大学时代就开始淘打口 CD 的老听众，对音乐和情绪这个话题确实积累了不少想法。从音乐理论到神经科学我都算不上专业，更多是基于个人体验的观察和思考，说得不对的地方还请各位指正。

\n

PS：文中提及的曲目基本各大音乐 APP 上都能找到。没控制住写得过长，不妨先收藏。码字不易，若读过后喜欢，请点个喜欢

\n

音乐和语言的两条路线

\n

音乐和语言在大脑里也许走的是不同的路线。

\n

音乐处理更像是多通道并行——听觉皮层直接处理音高、节奏、音色的同时，边缘系统（杏仁核、海马体）几乎同步激活。整个过程主要由右脑负责，偏向整体性、直觉性的处理。

\n

而语言处理是序列化解码——必须经过语音识别→词汇提取→语法分析→语义理解这样一步步来，主要依赖左脑的布洛卡区和韦尼克区，得按时间顺序逐步构建意义。

\n

简言之，音乐走\"快车道\"，语言走\"慢车道\"。

\n

所以除非本身关注点就在歌词上（比如我们听万青的作品，最有嚼头的就是歌词），日常随意播着扫一耳朵的情况下，旋律确实可能比歌词更容易触动情感。

\n

这里面一个可能的关键差异，我觉得是\"语境\"的表达方式不太一样。

\n

音乐的语境相对直接。你听到的那种忧伤、激昂、宁静的情绪，很大程度上通过声音的物理特性就传达给你了。

\n

而歌词的语境则需要更多层处理：先理解字面意思，再结合上下文，最后才能提取出情感内容。这个认知链条一长，那种瞬间的情感冲击力就容易被稀释。

\n

一个听众的进化简史：从音色开始

\n

下面分享自己的体验。

\n

我的音乐偏好变化是从人声到纯器乐。

\n

大学那阵特别迷爵士女声。那时候网络还不发达，天天吃着《音像世界》\"天碟落地\"专栏的安利去淘 CD。那时被什么打动呢？肯定不是歌词——Diana Krall 唱英语我听不懂，小野丽莎唱日语更听不懂。

\n

琢磨了一下，迷恋的应该是各种有质感和辨识性的音色：

\n

Billie Holiday 那种沙哑磁性，Ella Fitzgerald 的丝绸般光滑，Nina Simone 的深沉厚重，每一种音色就像不同的情感滤镜，即使听不懂歌词，那种忧郁、温暖或激情也能瞬间传达过来。

\n
\"\"
Billie Holiday
\n

为独特音色加成的，是歌手的语感——表面上在唱歌，本质上是利用声音讲故事。这涉及到咬字的轻重缓急、停顿的恰到好处、换气时机的巧妙安排，甚至包括某个音节的微妙处理。

\n

而语感，比唱功更传递情绪。

\n

西方歌手里有两位我认为语感极佳的代表：

\n

首推 Stacey Kent，她咬字极其考究，每个词都像经过精心雕琢，那种轻柔但清晰的发音让人仿佛听到丝绸摩擦的质感。作为少见的现场表现胜过录音棚的歌手，仔细听一下她这首音乐会版本的《It Might as Well Be Spring》，你会发现她在面对乌压压的听众时反而能把普通的句子唱出更多微妙层次。

\n
\"\"
Stacey Kent 这张现场录音特别值得一听
\n

另一位是 Michael Bublé。他对句子的处理继承了 Frank Sinatra 那种对话风格但更自然，就像在跟你面对面聊天一样。他的停顿和重音处理特别有音乐剧感，能让一首爵士标准曲目听起来像在你耳边摩挲的全新作品。

\n
\"\"
Michael Bublé的成名同名录音专辑
\n

对应到华语乐坛，达到同档次的天赋语感选手有两个代表：孙燕姿和陈奕迅。

\n

孙燕姿不用多说了，她的语感体现在对中文字调的天然敏感上，能把普通话的四声变化和旋律线条完美融合，从不会有字不达意或感觉在“读”的违和感。

\n

重点说下陈奕迅。他无论唱粤语还是国语，都能用咬字吐字的细节变化传达丰富的情感层次。一个简单的转音、一次刻意的颤抖、一个突然的气声处理，都能让整首歌的情感重心发生转移。这种对声音质感的精准又自如的控制，让他即便唱别人的歌也能唱出自己的故事。更重要的是，他的语感不单单体现在运用能力，还透露出很强的私人审美，在华语圈数一数二。

\n
\"\"
陈奕迅 2014 年这套专辑是我心目中他的最佳
\n

随着年龄增长，慢慢的，我的口味开始转向纯器乐爵士。没有了人声，自然更没歌词什么事了。

\n

但奇怪的是，纯音乐反而更容易沉进去。我有段时间甚至会去比较不同钢琴手的触键质感，这种差异当时比旋律本身更吸引我。

\n

比如 Thelonious Monk 那种有意“显拙”的触键——他的音符有种刺刺的、棱角分明的质感，每个音都像是被不小心砸在键盘上，带着一种不羁的个性；而相比之下，Bill Evans 的触键则轻巧得像羽毛，充满了内省感、空间感和呼吸感。

\n
\"\"
Bill Evans
\n

同样都是从音色中感受情感，相比人声，我觉得器乐音色能让人更微妙地感受到演奏者的个性和情感状态。因为这时候的乐手事实上是个表达欲爆棚的\"哑巴\"——想表达的一切感受只能通过手指在键盘上的动作，通过每一次触键的力度、角度、时机来传达。

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在这个层面上，纯音乐可以理解成是情感本身的物理化呈现。它绕过了语言理解的复杂过程，直接用声音的物理特性来雕刻情感。

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也许这就是为什么有时纯音乐比带歌词的歌曲更能瞬间击中人心——因为它走的是那条更原始、更直接的情感通道。

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节奏：比旋律更原始的情感

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下面说个特别容易被忽视的元素——节奏，或者说律动（严格来说两个概念有差异，这里就不细究了）。

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节奏是人类最本能的音乐语言。

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在远古时代，当第一个人类开始用木棒敲击石头或树干时，那种有规律的声音模式就已经在调动着同伴们的肢体反应。不需要什么文化熏陶，不需要音乐素养，鼓点一响，部落里的人就会忍不住跟着摆动——那是身体将被激发的情感无修饰表达出来了。

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记得第一次听《Hotel California》（加州旅馆）1994 年 MTV 不插电现场版，被吸引的不是那段后来人人烂熟于心的吉他 solo，而是 intro 过后 Don Henley 插入的那段手鼓。那种鼓皮微微震动带来的享受很难说清——不是兴奋，不是激动，就是一种\"对，就是这样\"的舒适感。

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拍打手鼓不像机械节拍器那样精确，而是带着人独有的微妙波动，就像真实的心跳一样会有细微的不规则和扩展收缩时差。

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这种\"有机感\"可能正是真实乐器比那些精致的 MIDI 更能触动我的原因。所以直到现在，虽然也会听各种制作特别顶的电音和合成器作品（比如《星际穿越》的 ost，极优秀），但更偏爱的始终是真人演奏的原声乐器。

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说回节奏变化，有时它甚至比调性变化更能瞬间转情绪。

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比如哈利波特电影那段以音乐盒开场的主题旋律（据说 John Williams 在餐厅吃饭时在餐巾纸上随手写的），大家都很熟悉吧？

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后来 Scott Bradlee's Postmodern Jukebox 做过一个爵士改编版本。同样的旋律，当原来 4/4 拍变成跳脱的 swing feel 时，整首曲子瞬间从\"英雄史诗\"变成了\"深夜酒吧\"的氛围。

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这种情感转换的感知效率明显比唱一段段词高。

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《Harry Potter Jazz Variations》（Scott Bradlee）
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另一个例子是我特别喜欢的《Por Una Cabeza》。原版是 Carlos Gardel 那种招牌的阿根廷探戈，2/4 拍的节奏紧凑有力，充满了激情和戏剧张力，每一个重拍都像是舞者的脚步在地板上敲击。

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《Por Una Cabeza》（Carlos Garde 原版）
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但有一次意外听到韩国吉他手朴朱元的版本，被惊艳到了。从专辑名《Time Of Gypsy》（吉普赛时光）就能看出，这不仅是将探戈的紧凑 2/4 拍变成古典吉他的自由节拍，还加入了吉普赛音乐那种游牧式的随性律动。这么一改造，整首曲子从\"优雅有力的舞厅探戈\"变成了\"篝火旁的吟游诗人独白\"。两个版本都是单曲循环不会腻的那种，大家可以找来对比听听。

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《Time Of Gypsy》（朴朱元）
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节奏之所以能这么直接地影响情绪，可能是因为它最接近我们身体的生物本能反应。曾和一个做音乐的朋友聊起这些感觉，他的解释颇有启发：各种节奏都是在拓扑心跳、呼吸、步行。

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再分得细些，听一首歌时，旋律需要大脑处理音高关系，和声需要预测进行走向，但节奏直接就是速度变化的感知，和我们的生物钟、心跳节律在同一个频道上对话。

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由于这种原始性，一首曲子即使旋律弱，只要节奏变化恰当而丰富，也更可能瞬间改变我们的情绪状态。

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根源音乐：我们情感旋律的根

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原始性是我们情感的根，有的音乐就是绕着根部长起来的。

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你大概也遇到过那种虽然完全陌生，但一听到就能马上沉进去、不需要什么知识储备或个人经验作为铺垫的旋律吧——这就是属于你的根源音乐。

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我内心深处的根源音乐，是布鲁斯。

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不是今天那些越来越偏向炫技、结构复杂的现代爵士布鲁斯或节奏布鲁斯（R&B），而是早期最质朴甚至很套路化的传统布鲁斯。

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这种音乐可以说是从棉花田里长出来的，通常只有 19 世纪末 20 世纪初美国南部的非裔奴隶和佃农在棉花田、铁路工地、监狱里干活时才会哼唱。

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这些人大多不识字，更没受过什么音乐训练，他们需要的是一大帮子人一歇下来就能凑一起发泄内心的痛苦、思念、希望和绝望，哪怕没唱过跟着哼几次就能加入的音乐。

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所以根源音乐最大的的特点是无需文化解码。

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就像我们文化中的根源有纤夫号子、采茶山歌、陕北信天游一样，布鲁斯最初也是劳动人民发明出来宣泄情感的。不同的是，它承载的是水深火热世界更深重的历史创伤，因此显得格外向外释放（情绪化），语言免修饰（粗口多），话题包容性极强（管得宽），上到命运（键政）下到生活（八卦），凡事皆可布鲁斯。

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如果用我们这里的主流价值观看，这些聚众花式吐槽妥妥都是负能量（甚至有违法嫌疑），但那种\"call and response\"（呼唤与回应）的形式，原本就来自非洲传统音乐和教堂圣歌，一个人唱出痛苦，其他人用和声安慰。

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《布鲁斯之根》（New World Records）
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New World Records 网站上免费分享了一批早期民间录音片段，对最原生态的布鲁斯感兴趣的小伙伴可以听听看（预防针：不悦耳，但保真）：

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https://www.newworldrecords.org/products/roots-of-the-blues

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布鲁斯给人的共鸣感来自其草根互助的基因。呼唤与回应的形式让它从一开始就不是孤独的个人表达，而是集体的情感分担——即使是最深的痛苦，也有人在倾听，有人在回应。

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比如 Muddy Waters 的《Mannish Boy》里就能清楚听到这种形式。Muddy 先唱出\"I'm a man\"（俺这么个糙汉子啊），然后吉他和口琴就像其他声音一样回应他，仿佛在说\"嗯呐，你是\"。还有更典型的 Lead Belly 的《Goodnight Irene》，那种一唱众和的感觉就像是一群人围坐篝火，一个人诉说心事，其他人用\"嗯嗯，俺们懂\"\"哎哟喂，可不是嘛\"这样的声音给予共鸣和安慰。

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《Mannish Boy》（Muddy Waters）
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后来和一些乐手朋友聊天——什么路子的都有，古典的、摇滚的、民谣的——那些玩得特别好的，都说自己会经常回去听各种根源音乐，布鲁斯是绕不开的其中之一。

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如果要用理论来解释，它用的是人类最古老的声音表达：除了那个呼唤与回应的结构，还有那些能直接触发情感反应的蓝调音符（blue notes）——主要是降三度、降五度、降七度。这些音符在任何文化背景下都能唤起一种说不清的忧伤或渴望，就像某种共性情感的原型。

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更有特点的是布鲁斯的不完美。古典音乐理论追求和谐，但布鲁斯故意用那些先不和谐再圆过来的音程连接来体现一开始的自说自话到被理解回应的动态情绪共鸣过程。那种介于大调和小调之间的模糊地带，也正好对应了人类情感的复杂性——既有痛苦也有希望，既有绝望也有坚韧。

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从布鲁斯口琴开始情感之旅

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好吧，我花了这么多笔墨介绍布鲁斯，就是想安利你试试看。

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怎么听呢？推荐从布鲁斯口琴的纯音乐开始。

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这种口琴和我们小时候学的复音口琴是两种乐器。复音口琴是 19 世纪从德国发明，经俄国传入中国的，每个音有两个簧片同时发声，追求明亮清脆的音色，很适合演奏《送别》、《茉莉花》这类民歌民谣。

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而布鲁斯口琴（通常是十孔单簧片）是老美本土的东西，专为表达复杂情感而生。

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Hohner 是最知名的专业布鲁斯口琴品牌之一
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它独特的压音（bending）技巧就是要故意让音符带上哭腔般的滑音效果，模拟人类最原始的情感表达——哭泣、叹息、呻吟时的声音特征。当你听到那种从正常音高滑落到更低音高的声音时，大脑中处理情感的原始区域会瞬间被激活，因为那就是我们从婴儿时期就熟悉的\"痛苦\"声音模式。

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布鲁斯口琴作品旋律性都很突出。先推两首很容易入耳的曲子：法国口琴大师 Jean-Jacques Milteau 的《Fragile》和《Blue 3rd》。

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前者让你感受那种脆弱而坚韧的矛盾情感——音符有时轻得像要断掉但韧性十足，通过压音技巧制造出的\"哭腔\"效果来表现用力压抑心碎的情绪；后者则是通过纯熟气息来控制音色和快速节奏变化，制造一种特别流畅欢脱的听感。这两首，一首社恐一首社牛，都能甩开理性直接激发情感参与。

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牛逼的布鲁斯口琴曲巨多，不多推了。如果你被击中会自己去发掘的。

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《Blue 3rd》（Jean-Jacques Milteau）
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如果你想感受一下融合了音色、节奏、旋律的现代风格作品，我会推荐 Joe Strummer & The Mescaleros 的《Mondo Bongo》。它收录在 2001 年那张《Global a Go-Go》专辑中，被评价为\"折衷主义的多元文化音乐\"，也被选作《史密斯夫妇》电影配乐，OST 里能找到。

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这是一首非常有特色的融合作品：以雷鬼节奏为基底，融入了拉丁、非洲等多种来源的根音乐元素。由于大量使用原声乐器，音色质感特别棒，那种自然原生的听感就是前面提到的\"有机感\"。

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《Global a Go-Go》（Joe Strummer & The Mescaleros）
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再推一首跨界的融合作品——马友友和 Bobby McFerrin 合作的《Hush》。Bobby McFerrin 你大概也知道，就是那个能用嘴巴模拟各种乐器、创造出整个乐队效果的人声即兴鬼才，最出名的就是《Don't Worry Be Happy》。

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《Hush》这首曲子特别有意思，因为它展现了两种完全不同音乐背景的艺术家是如何找到共同语言的。马友友温暖、有机的大提琴音色和极其自如的节奏把控，配上 Bobby 那种既可以是旋律、又可以是节奏、甚至可以是和声的人声创作，创造出一种一呼一应、一应一和的对话效果，听起来很是调皮，像两个互相欣赏的老朋友在抬杠。

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《Hush》(马友友和 Bobby McFerrin)
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我把这首也视为根源音乐，虽然不符合音乐史理论上的定义，但符合自己认为的特点——没有复杂的编曲或炫技，就是搬个板凳在旁边围观一场质朴本真的即兴表演的感觉。

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上面推荐的这些作品，从早期布鲁斯到现代融合，它们都有种根源性的力量，能让你更直观地感受到为什么音乐比语言更能直达内心——它们连接的是我们作为人类这个物种共同拥有的那些本能情感。

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调性的魔法

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说到情感转换，音乐的调性是不能不提一下的。

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我乐理只略知点皮毛。有次向一个专业乐手朋友请教调性的情感特质，他也不多废话，直接手写了一张《生日快乐》的小调转换版。我当时正在学钢琴，照着谱子一弹，立刻就明白了调性的威力。

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同样的旋律从大调转小调，整曲画风从”庆祝”秒变”哀悼”，《生日快乐歌》成了《生日不快乐歌》。转换如此直观，无需额外解释。

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网上搜了一张小调的《生日不快乐歌》谱
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然后我请他弹了些更复杂的转调版本，还拿了自己听得贼熟的大曲子求他弹各种变调版（不得不说爵士乐手基本功是真的强，随心所欲转调变调跟玩似的）。总之，那天下午过得无比欢乐。

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可以说调性就像音乐的情感基因，比文字中的语调更加精确和持久。

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更微妙的还有各种调式——多利亚调式既有小调的忧郁又带着希望光亮，弗里吉亚调式有异域神秘感，混合里第亚调式比大调更开放自由。比如 Miles Davis 的《So What》用的多利亚调式，在忧郁中保持着优雅；Bill Evans 的《Waltz for Debby》在大调中又带着微妙的小调色彩。这几首有兴趣的都可以搜着听听看。

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Miles Davis 里程碑式的《So What》
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音乐情绪编码可能的三层结构

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基于自身体验，我猜想音乐的情绪编码是分层的：

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第一层：生理共振

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节奏直接影响心率和呼吸频率，音色的泛音结构触发身体共鸣，动态变化模拟情感的起伏波动。这是最直截了当的反应，几乎不需要大脑处理。

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第二层：原始情感映射

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调性和音程关系激活我们进化过程中形成的情感反应模式。特定音色（比如布鲁斯口琴的哭腔）直接连接人类最原始的情感表达方式，某些节奏模式能唤起深藏在身体里的记忆。这层反应绕过了认知加工，直达情感中枢。

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第三层：文化与个人记忆

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这才是我们通常以为的音乐感受来源——特定曲目关联的个人经历，文化约定俗成的情感含义，通过学习积累的音乐经验。但个人认为这可能是比较表层的部分。

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所以当问\"为什么音乐能瞬间改变情绪\"时，综合以上我的看法是：音乐不像文字那样需要经过复杂的认知加工过程，而是通过多个层面同时作用于我们，其中很多路径都是直达情感中枢的快车道。

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当然，以上都是个人的观察和理解，肯定有不准确的地方。

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音乐和情感的关系本来就很复杂，涉及神经科学、心理学、文化人类学等多个领域。但正是这种复杂性让音乐变得如此迷人——它可能是你我日常体验里能接触到的最接近魔法的东西了。

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补充更新：有知友希望推些容易听的布鲁斯入坑，先介绍下面几个吧。

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Buddy Guy - 《Aint No Sunshine》
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如果你从未听过布鲁斯，不妨先试试 Buddy Guy 版本的《Ain't No Sunshine》，看看这种音乐是否符合你的口味。这首经典的灵魂布鲁斯还曾被收录在 2000 年的电影《诺丁山》（Notting Hill）原声带中，以其深刻描绘的失落与孤独而闻名，讲述了一个人在失去爱人后所经历的痛苦与绝望。

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这歌是易入耳的现代风格。他还有一首《What Kind Of Woman Is This?》更流行风，也很棒，一起推荐。

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要是你听完后觉得还不错，那就可以继续探索啦。

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《Midnight Blue》（Tinsley Ellis）
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Tinsley Ellis 的风格与 Eric Clapton 非常相似，同样也是个有神技的顶尖吉他手，solo 时辨识度很高。我认为他的音乐也相对符合现代听众的口味，门槛低。

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整张《Midnight Blue》专辑都表现出色，其中最推荐的曲目是《Kiss Of Death》。这首歌充满力量与激情，犹如一个中年人在坦诚讲述自己的爱情与失落的故事，就像一杯烈酒，浓烈而易醉。

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B.B. King -《The Thrill Is Gone》
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接下来进入大师环节。这些作品都很古早也更原汁原味，但对现代听众可能需要习惯一下。

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首先是 B.B. King，响当当的布鲁斯之王。许多人虽然没听过他的音乐，但不妨碍听到这个名字时感到如雷贯耳（奇葩说：我也有一份功劳！）。

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他的代表作之一《The Thrill Is Gone》是一首关于接受挚爱已别的经典之作，洒脱而不乏细腻的情感表达，是糙汉柔情的最佳写照。歌曲中的吉他 solo 部分被视为几乎所有布鲁斯和爵士乐手必扒的学习材料，而他的爱琴\"Lucille\"更是成为了象征布鲁斯精神的谜因。

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Howlin Wolf - 《Smokestack Lightning》
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Howlin' Wolf 是布鲁斯早期的开创者之一，以其粗犷的嗓音和强烈的表演风格而闻名。

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《Smokestack Lightning》是他 1956 年的经典曲目。看这个时间就知道，对于我们这些现代听众来说，这是首陈旧、飘浮着古老灰尘的歌。未必十分悦耳，但能充分感受原始的布鲁斯味。

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Koko Taylor《Wang Dang Doodle》
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Koko Taylor 被誉为布鲁斯女王，以其强有力的嗓音和充满灵魂感的演唱风格而闻名。《Wang Dang Doodle》是一首律动丰富、旋律抓耳的古早舞曲，告诉人们布鲁斯并不总是苦大仇深，听着就像在小酒馆里和朋友们欢聚，端着杯子边喝边一起踩着木地板摇摆。

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一些扩展阅读：

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「闻到清新的皂味，总会想起小时候在老家」香味为什么会影响我们的情绪？你记忆中有「特别的味道」吗？

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为什么我们会在虚构的游戏中体验「真实的情感」？这种情感是完全「虚拟」的吗？为什么我无法理解音乐美术等艺术？为什么人在自然里待久了，会觉得内心突然变「轻」了？是环境在治愈情绪，还是自然本身有特殊的能量场？哪部影视或文学作品记录了你生活的城市，并深深影响了你对这座城市的感情？文学作品是如何捕捉城市的「声音」？如果把 emo 当作一种情绪管理策略，它是健康的吗？

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欢迎到【独处充电站】逛逛。在那里，我们互相启发独处的艺术，分享充电的喜悦

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独处充电站

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如果你想系统学习如何更好地和自己相处，欢迎订阅《高质量独处手册》专栏 ⬇️

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高质量独处手册

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我是@鸣戈，Flowtalk的奶爸。如果喜欢这个回答，欢迎下方订阅专栏「鸣戈说」⬇️

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这个问题来得真及时！作为一个从大学时代就开始淘打口 CD 的老听众，对音乐和情绪这个话题确实积累了不少想法。从音乐理论到神经科学我都算不上专业，更多是基于个人体验的观察和思考，说得不对的地方还请各位指正。

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PS：文中提及的曲目基本各大音乐 APP 上都能找到。没控制住写得过长，不妨先收藏。码字不易，若读过后喜欢，请点个喜欢

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音乐和语言的两条路线

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音乐和语言在大脑里也许走的是不同的路线。

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音乐处理更像是多通道并行——听觉皮层直接处理音高、节奏、音色的同时，边缘系统（杏仁核、海马体）几乎同步激活。整个过程主要由右脑负责，偏向整体性、直觉性的处理。

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而语言处理是序列化解码——必须经过语音识别→词汇提取→语法分析→语义理解这样一步步来，主要依赖左脑的布洛卡区和韦尼克区，得按时间顺序逐步构建意义。

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简言之，音乐走\"快车道\"，语言走\"慢车道\"。

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所以除非本身关注点就在歌词上（比如我们听万青的作品，最有嚼头的就是歌词），日常随意播着扫一耳朵的情况下，旋律确实可能比歌词更容易触动情感。

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这里面一个可能的关键差异，我觉得是\"语境\"的表达方式不太一样。

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音乐的语境相对直接。你听到的那种忧伤、激昂、宁静的情绪，很大程度上通过声音的物理特性就传达给你了。

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而歌词的语境则需要更多层处理：先理解字面意思，再结合上下文，最后才能提取出情感内容。这个认知链条一长，那种瞬间的情感冲击力就容易被稀释。

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一个听众的进化简史：从音色开始

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下面分享自己的体验。

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我的音乐偏好变化是从人声到纯器乐。

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大学那阵特别迷爵士女声。那时候网络还不发达，天天吃着《音像世界》\"天碟落地\"专栏的安利去淘 CD。那时被什么打动呢？肯定不是歌词——Diana Krall 唱英语我听不懂，小野丽莎唱日语更听不懂。

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琢磨了一下，迷恋的应该是各种有质感和辨识性的音色：

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Billie Holiday 那种沙哑磁性，Ella Fitzgerald 的丝绸般光滑，Nina Simone 的深沉厚重，每一种音色就像不同的情感滤镜，即使听不懂歌词，那种忧郁、温暖或激情也能瞬间传达过来。

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Billie Holiday
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为独特音色加成的，是歌手的语感——表面上在唱歌，本质上是利用声音讲故事。这涉及到咬字的轻重缓急、停顿的恰到好处、换气时机的巧妙安排，甚至包括某个音节的微妙处理。

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而语感，比唱功更传递情绪。

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西方歌手里有两位我认为语感极佳的代表：

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首推 Stacey Kent，她咬字极其考究，每个词都像经过精心雕琢，那种轻柔但清晰的发音让人仿佛听到丝绸摩擦的质感。作为少见的现场表现胜过录音棚的歌手，仔细听一下她这首音乐会版本的《It Might as Well Be Spring》，你会发现她在面对乌压压的听众时反而能把普通的句子唱出更多微妙层次。

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Stacey Kent 这张现场录音特别值得一听
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另一位是 Michael Bublé。他对句子的处理继承了 Frank Sinatra 那种对话风格但更自然，就像在跟你面对面聊天一样。他的停顿和重音处理特别有音乐剧感，能让一首爵士标准曲目听起来像在你耳边摩挲的全新作品。

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Michael Bublé的成名同名录音专辑
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对应到华语乐坛，达到同档次的天赋语感选手有两个代表：孙燕姿和陈奕迅。

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孙燕姿不用多说了，她的语感体现在对中文字调的天然敏感上，能把普通话的四声变化和旋律线条完美融合，从不会有字不达意或感觉在“读”的违和感。

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重点说下陈奕迅。他无论唱粤语还是国语，都能用咬字吐字的细节变化传达丰富的情感层次。一个简单的转音、一次刻意的颤抖、一个突然的气声处理，都能让整首歌的情感重心发生转移。这种对声音质感的精准又自如的控制，让他即便唱别人的歌也能唱出自己的故事。更重要的是，他的语感不单单体现在运用能力，还透露出很强的私人审美，在华语圈数一数二。

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陈奕迅 2014 年这套专辑是我心目中他的最佳
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随着年龄增长，慢慢的，我的口味开始转向纯器乐爵士。没有了人声，自然更没歌词什么事了。

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但奇怪的是，纯音乐反而更容易沉进去。我有段时间甚至会去比较不同钢琴手的触键质感，这种差异当时比旋律本身更吸引我。

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比如 Thelonious Monk 那种有意“显拙”的触键——他的音符有种刺刺的、棱角分明的质感，每个音都像是被不小心砸在键盘上，带着一种不羁的个性；而相比之下，Bill Evans 的触键则轻巧得像羽毛，充满了内省感、空间感和呼吸感。

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Bill Evans
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同样都是从音色中感受情感，相比人声，我觉得器乐音色能让人更微妙地感受到演奏者的个性和情感状态。因为这时候的乐手事实上是个表达欲爆棚的\"哑巴\"——想表达的一切感受只能通过手指在键盘上的动作，通过每一次触键的力度、角度、时机来传达。

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在这个层面上，纯音乐可以理解成是情感本身的物理化呈现。它绕过了语言理解的复杂过程，直接用声音的物理特性来雕刻情感。

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也许这就是为什么有时纯音乐比带歌词的歌曲更能瞬间击中人心——因为它走的是那条更原始、更直接的情感通道。

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节奏：比旋律更原始的情感

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下面说个特别容易被忽视的元素——节奏，或者说律动（严格来说两个概念有差异，这里就不细究了）。

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节奏是人类最本能的音乐语言。

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在远古时代，当第一个人类开始用木棒敲击石头或树干时，那种有规律的声音模式就已经在调动着同伴们的肢体反应。不需要什么文化熏陶，不需要音乐素养，鼓点一响，部落里的人就会忍不住跟着摆动——那是身体将被激发的情感无修饰表达出来了。

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记得第一次听《Hotel California》（加州旅馆）1994 年 MTV 不插电现场版，被吸引的不是那段后来人人烂熟于心的吉他 solo，而是 intro 过后 Don Henley 插入的那段手鼓。那种鼓皮微微震动带来的享受很难说清——不是兴奋，不是激动，就是一种\"对，就是这样\"的舒适感。

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拍打手鼓不像机械节拍器那样精确，而是带着人独有的微妙波动，就像真实的心跳一样会有细微的不规则和扩展收缩时差。

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这种\"有机感\"可能正是真实乐器比那些精致的 MIDI 更能触动我的原因。所以直到现在，虽然也会听各种制作特别顶的电音和合成器作品（比如《星际穿越》的 ost，极优秀），但更偏爱的始终是真人演奏的原声乐器。

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说回节奏变化，有时它甚至比调性变化更能瞬间转情绪。

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比如哈利波特电影那段以音乐盒开场的主题旋律（据说 John Williams 在餐厅吃饭时在餐巾纸上随手写的），大家都很熟悉吧？

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后来 Scott Bradlee's Postmodern Jukebox 做过一个爵士改编版本。同样的旋律，当原来 4/4 拍变成跳脱的 swing feel 时，整首曲子瞬间从\"英雄史诗\"变成了\"深夜酒吧\"的氛围。

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这种情感转换的感知效率明显比唱一段段词高。

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《Harry Potter Jazz Variations》（Scott Bradlee）
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另一个例子是我特别喜欢的《Por Una Cabeza》。原版是 Carlos Gardel 那种招牌的阿根廷探戈，2/4 拍的节奏紧凑有力，充满了激情和戏剧张力，每一个重拍都像是舞者的脚步在地板上敲击。

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《Por Una Cabeza》（Carlos Garde 原版）
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但有一次意外听到韩国吉他手朴朱元的版本，被惊艳到了。从专辑名《Time Of Gypsy》（吉普赛时光）就能看出，这不仅是将探戈的紧凑 2/4 拍变成古典吉他的自由节拍，还加入了吉普赛音乐那种游牧式的随性律动。这么一改造，整首曲子从\"优雅有力的舞厅探戈\"变成了\"篝火旁的吟游诗人独白\"。两个版本都是单曲循环不会腻的那种，大家可以找来对比听听。

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《Time Of Gypsy》（朴朱元）
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节奏之所以能这么直接地影响情绪，可能是因为它最接近我们身体的生物本能反应。曾和一个做音乐的朋友聊起这些感觉，他的解释颇有启发：各种节奏都是在拓扑心跳、呼吸、步行。

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再分得细些，听一首歌时，旋律需要大脑处理音高关系，和声需要预测进行走向，但节奏直接就是速度变化的感知，和我们的生物钟、心跳节律在同一个频道上对话。

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由于这种原始性，一首曲子即使旋律弱，只要节奏变化恰当而丰富，也更可能瞬间改变我们的情绪状态。

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根源音乐：我们情感旋律的根

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原始性是我们情感的根，有的音乐就是绕着根部长起来的。

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你大概也遇到过那种虽然完全陌生，但一听到就能马上沉进去、不需要什么知识储备或个人经验作为铺垫的旋律吧——这就是属于你的根源音乐。

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我内心深处的根源音乐，是布鲁斯。

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不是今天那些越来越偏向炫技、结构复杂的现代爵士布鲁斯或节奏布鲁斯（R&B），而是早期最质朴甚至很套路化的传统布鲁斯。

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这种音乐可以说是从棉花田里长出来的，通常只有 19 世纪末 20 世纪初美国南部的非裔奴隶和佃农在棉花田、铁路工地、监狱里干活时才会哼唱。

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这些人大多不识字，更没受过什么音乐训练，他们需要的是一大帮子人一歇下来就能凑一起发泄内心的痛苦、思念、希望和绝望，哪怕没唱过跟着哼几次就能加入的音乐。

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所以根源音乐最大的的特点是无需文化解码。

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就像我们文化中的根源有纤夫号子、采茶山歌、陕北信天游一样，布鲁斯最初也是劳动人民发明出来宣泄情感的。不同的是，它承载的是水深火热世界更深重的历史创伤，因此显得格外向外释放（情绪化），语言免修饰（粗口多），话题包容性极强（管得宽），上到命运（键政）下到生活（八卦），凡事皆可布鲁斯。

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如果用我们这里的主流价值观看，这些聚众花式吐槽妥妥都是负能量（甚至有违法嫌疑），但那种\"call and response\"（呼唤与回应）的形式，原本就来自非洲传统音乐和教堂圣歌，一个人唱出痛苦，其他人用和声安慰。

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《布鲁斯之根》（New World Records）
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New World Records 网站上免费分享了一批早期民间录音片段，对最原生态的布鲁斯感兴趣的小伙伴可以听听看（预防针：不悦耳，但保真）：

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https://www.newworldrecords.org/products/roots-of-the-blues

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布鲁斯给人的共鸣感来自其草根互助的基因。呼唤与回应的形式让它从一开始就不是孤独的个人表达，而是集体的情感分担——即使是最深的痛苦，也有人在倾听，有人在回应。

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比如 Muddy Waters 的《Mannish Boy》里就能清楚听到这种形式。Muddy 先唱出\"I'm a man\"（俺这么个糙汉子啊），然后吉他和口琴就像其他声音一样回应他，仿佛在说\"嗯呐，你是\"。还有更典型的 Lead Belly 的《Goodnight Irene》，那种一唱众和的感觉就像是一群人围坐篝火，一个人诉说心事，其他人用\"嗯嗯，俺们懂\"\"哎哟喂，可不是嘛\"这样的声音给予共鸣和安慰。

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《Mannish Boy》（Muddy Waters）
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后来和一些乐手朋友聊天——什么路子的都有，古典的、摇滚的、民谣的——那些玩得特别好的，都说自己会经常回去听各种根源音乐，布鲁斯是绕不开的其中之一。

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如果要用理论来解释，它用的是人类最古老的声音表达：除了那个呼唤与回应的结构，还有那些能直接触发情感反应的蓝调音符（blue notes）——主要是降三度、降五度、降七度。这些音符在任何文化背景下都能唤起一种说不清的忧伤或渴望，就像某种共性情感的原型。

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更有特点的是布鲁斯的不完美。古典音乐理论追求和谐，但布鲁斯故意用那些先不和谐再圆过来的音程连接来体现一开始的自说自话到被理解回应的动态情绪共鸣过程。那种介于大调和小调之间的模糊地带，也正好对应了人类情感的复杂性——既有痛苦也有希望，既有绝望也有坚韧。

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从布鲁斯口琴开始情感之旅

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好吧，我花了这么多笔墨介绍布鲁斯，就是想安利你试试看。

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怎么听呢？推荐从布鲁斯口琴的纯音乐开始。

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这种口琴和我们小时候学的复音口琴是两种乐器。复音口琴是 19 世纪从德国发明，经俄国传入中国的，每个音有两个簧片同时发声，追求明亮清脆的音色，很适合演奏《送别》、《茉莉花》这类民歌民谣。

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而布鲁斯口琴（通常是十孔单簧片）是老美本土的东西，专为表达复杂情感而生。

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Hohner 是最知名的专业布鲁斯口琴品牌之一
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它独特的压音（bending）技巧就是要故意让音符带上哭腔般的滑音效果，模拟人类最原始的情感表达——哭泣、叹息、呻吟时的声音特征。当你听到那种从正常音高滑落到更低音高的声音时，大脑中处理情感的原始区域会瞬间被激活，因为那就是我们从婴儿时期就熟悉的\"痛苦\"声音模式。

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布鲁斯口琴作品旋律性都很突出。先推两首很容易入耳的曲子：法国口琴大师 Jean-Jacques Milteau 的《Fragile》和《Blue 3rd》。

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前者让你感受那种脆弱而坚韧的矛盾情感——音符有时轻得像要断掉但韧性十足，通过压音技巧制造出的\"哭腔\"效果来表现用力压抑心碎的情绪；后者则是通过纯熟气息来控制音色和快速节奏变化，制造一种特别流畅欢脱的听感。这两首，一首社恐一首社牛，都能甩开理性直接激发情感参与。

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牛逼的布鲁斯口琴曲巨多，不多推了。如果你被击中会自己去发掘的。

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《Blue 3rd》（Jean-Jacques Milteau）
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如果你想感受一下融合了音色、节奏、旋律的现代风格作品，我会推荐 Joe Strummer & The Mescaleros 的《Mondo Bongo》。它收录在 2001 年那张《Global a Go-Go》专辑中，被评价为\"折衷主义的多元文化音乐\"，也被选作《史密斯夫妇》电影配乐，OST 里能找到。

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这是一首非常有特色的融合作品：以雷鬼节奏为基底，融入了拉丁、非洲等多种来源的根音乐元素。由于大量使用原声乐器，音色质感特别棒，那种自然原生的听感就是前面提到的\"有机感\"。

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\"\"
《Global a Go-Go》（Joe Strummer & The Mescaleros）
\n

再推一首跨界的融合作品——马友友和 Bobby McFerrin 合作的《Hush》。Bobby McFerrin 你大概也知道，就是那个能用嘴巴模拟各种乐器、创造出整个乐队效果的人声即兴鬼才，最出名的就是《Don't Worry Be Happy》。

\n

《Hush》这首曲子特别有意思，因为它展现了两种完全不同音乐背景的艺术家是如何找到共同语言的。马友友温暖、有机的大提琴音色和极其自如的节奏把控，配上 Bobby 那种既可以是旋律、又可以是节奏、甚至可以是和声的人声创作，创造出一种一呼一应、一应一和的对话效果，听起来很是调皮，像两个互相欣赏的老朋友在抬杠。

\n
\"\"
《Hush》(马友友和 Bobby McFerrin)
\n

我把这首也视为根源音乐，虽然不符合音乐史理论上的定义，但符合自己认为的特点——没有复杂的编曲或炫技，就是搬个板凳在旁边围观一场质朴本真的即兴表演的感觉。

\n

上面推荐的这些作品，从早期布鲁斯到现代融合，它们都有种根源性的力量，能让你更直观地感受到为什么音乐比语言更能直达内心——它们连接的是我们作为人类这个物种共同拥有的那些本能情感。

\n

调性的魔法

\n

说到情感转换，音乐的调性是不能不提一下的。

\n

我乐理只略知点皮毛。有次向一个专业乐手朋友请教调性的情感特质，他也不多废话，直接手写了一张《生日快乐》的小调转换版。我当时正在学钢琴，照着谱子一弹，立刻就明白了调性的威力。

\n

同样的旋律从大调转小调，整曲画风从”庆祝”秒变”哀悼”，《生日快乐歌》成了《生日不快乐歌》。转换如此直观，无需额外解释。

\n
\"\"
网上搜了一张小调的《生日不快乐歌》谱
\n

然后我请他弹了些更复杂的转调版本，还拿了自己听得贼熟的大曲子求他弹各种变调版（不得不说爵士乐手基本功是真的强，随心所欲转调变调跟玩似的）。总之，那天下午过得无比欢乐。

\n

可以说调性就像音乐的情感基因，比文字中的语调更加精确和持久。

\n

更微妙的还有各种调式——多利亚调式既有小调的忧郁又带着希望光亮，弗里吉亚调式有异域神秘感，混合里第亚调式比大调更开放自由。比如 Miles Davis 的《So What》用的多利亚调式，在忧郁中保持着优雅；Bill Evans 的《Waltz for Debby》在大调中又带着微妙的小调色彩。这几首有兴趣的都可以搜着听听看。

\n
\"\"
Miles Davis 里程碑式的《So What》
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音乐情绪编码可能的三层结构

\n

基于自身体验，我猜想音乐的情绪编码是分层的：

\n

第一层：生理共振

\n

节奏直接影响心率和呼吸频率，音色的泛音结构触发身体共鸣，动态变化模拟情感的起伏波动。这是最直截了当的反应，几乎不需要大脑处理。

\n

第二层：原始情感映射

\n

调性和音程关系激活我们进化过程中形成的情感反应模式。特定音色（比如布鲁斯口琴的哭腔）直接连接人类最原始的情感表达方式，某些节奏模式能唤起深藏在身体里的记忆。这层反应绕过了认知加工，直达情感中枢。

\n

第三层：文化与个人记忆

\n

这才是我们通常以为的音乐感受来源——特定曲目关联的个人经历，文化约定俗成的情感含义，通过学习积累的音乐经验。但个人认为这可能是比较表层的部分。

\n

所以当问\"为什么音乐能瞬间改变情绪\"时，综合以上我的看法是：音乐不像文字那样需要经过复杂的认知加工过程，而是通过多个层面同时作用于我们，其中很多路径都是直达情感中枢的快车道。

\n

当然，以上都是个人的观察和理解，肯定有不准确的地方。

\n

音乐和情感的关系本来就很复杂，涉及神经科学、心理学、文化人类学等多个领域。但正是这种复杂性让音乐变得如此迷人——它可能是你我日常体验里能接触到的最接近魔法的东西了。

\n
\n

补充更新：有知友希望推些容易听的布鲁斯入坑，先介绍下面几个吧。

\n
\"\"
Buddy Guy - 《Aint No Sunshine》
\n

如果你从未听过布鲁斯，不妨先试试 Buddy Guy 版本的《Ain't No Sunshine》，看看这种音乐是否符合你的口味。这首经典的灵魂布鲁斯还曾被收录在 2000 年的电影《诺丁山》（Notting Hill）原声带中，以其深刻描绘的失落与孤独而闻名，讲述了一个人在失去爱人后所经历的痛苦与绝望。

\n

这歌是易入耳的现代风格。他还有一首《What Kind Of Woman Is This?》更流行风，也很棒，一起推荐。

\n

要是你听完后觉得还不错，那就可以继续探索啦。

\n
\"\"
《Midnight Blue》（Tinsley Ellis）
\n

Tinsley Ellis 的风格与 Eric Clapton 非常相似，同样也是个有神技的顶尖吉他手，solo 时辨识度很高。我认为他的音乐也相对符合现代听众的口味，门槛低。

\n

整张《Midnight Blue》专辑都表现出色，其中最推荐的曲目是《Kiss Of Death》。这首歌充满力量与激情，犹如一个中年人在坦诚讲述自己的爱情与失落的故事，就像一杯烈酒，浓烈而易醉。

\n
\"\"
B.B. King -《The Thrill Is Gone》
\n

接下来进入大师环节。这些作品都很古早也更原汁原味，但对现代听众可能需要习惯一下。

\n

首先是 B.B. King，响当当的布鲁斯之王。许多人虽然没听过他的音乐，但不妨碍听到这个名字时感到如雷贯耳（奇葩说：我也有一份功劳！）。

\n

他的代表作之一《The Thrill Is Gone》是一首关于接受挚爱已别的经典之作，洒脱而不乏细腻的情感表达，是糙汉柔情的最佳写照。歌曲中的吉他 solo 部分被视为几乎所有布鲁斯和爵士乐手必扒的学习材料，而他的爱琴\"Lucille\"更是成为了象征布鲁斯精神的谜因。

\n
\"\"
Howlin Wolf - 《Smokestack Lightning》
\n

Howlin' Wolf 是布鲁斯早期的开创者之一，以其粗犷的嗓音和强烈的表演风格而闻名。

\n

《Smokestack Lightning》是他 1956 年的经典曲目。看这个时间就知道，对于我们这些现代听众来说，这是首陈旧、飘浮着古老灰尘的歌。未必十分悦耳，但能充分感受原始的布鲁斯味。

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\"\"
Koko Taylor《Wang Dang Doodle》
\n

Koko Taylor 被誉为布鲁斯女王，以其强有力的嗓音和充满灵魂感的演唱风格而闻名。《Wang Dang Doodle》是一首律动丰富、旋律抓耳的古早舞曲，告诉人们布鲁斯并不总是苦大仇深，听着就像在小酒馆里和朋友们欢聚，端着杯子边喝边一起踩着木地板摇摆。

\n
\n

一些扩展阅读：

\n

「闻到清新的皂味，总会想起小时候在老家」香味为什么会影响我们的情绪？你记忆中有「特别的味道」吗？

\n

为什么我们会在虚构的游戏中体验「真实的情感」？这种情感是完全「虚拟」的吗？为什么我无法理解音乐美术等艺术？为什么人在自然里待久了，会觉得内心突然变「轻」了？是环境在治愈情绪，还是自然本身有特殊的能量场？哪部影视或文学作品记录了你生活的城市，并深深影响了你对这座城市的感情？文学作品是如何捕捉城市的「声音」？如果把 emo 当作一种情绪管理策略，它是健康的吗？

\n
\n

欢迎到【独处充电站】逛逛。在那里，我们互相启发独处的艺术，分享充电的喜悦

\n

独处充电站

\n

如果你想系统学习如何更好地和自己相处，欢迎订阅《高质量独处手册》专栏 ⬇️

\n

高质量独处手册

\n

我是@鸣戈，Flowtalk的奶爸。如果喜欢这个回答，欢迎下方订阅专栏「鸣戈说」⬇️

\n
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", - "category": "", - "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783391", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Thu, 21 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "资讯", - "feed": "知乎", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "69779ec405ddbcfe2032e215e036b0dd", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "为什么圣旨不值钱？", - "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

先说结论：题主对于“高价”的定义标准实在过于苛刻。首先要明确，在文物艺术品市场上书画、瓷器属于艺术品，而圣旨通常被归类为文献典籍。文献典籍的价格天然就要低于艺术品。其次确实有卖上千万的书画、瓷器，但它们在整个市场上也属于凤毛麟角，而且这些能卖上千万的书画、瓷器必然有其特别过人之处，尤其在稀有性以及艺术性的体现上。

\n
\"\"
\n

明 成化 斗彩鸡缸杯 HK 苏富比 2014 年春拍 2.8 亿释出 龙美术馆收藏

\n
\"\"
\n

晋 王羲之 草书《平安帖》中国嘉德 2010 年秋拍 3.08 亿释出 龙美术馆收藏

\n
\"\"
\n

宋 陈容 《六龙图》NY 佳士得 2017 年春拍约人民币 3 亿（4896.75 万美元）释出 龙美术馆收藏

\n

而存世能交易的圣旨，绝大多数的珍稀性就一般，更遑论其艺术性了，因此自然不会出现上千万成交价的圣旨。但坦率来说，我认为目前市场上类似下面这样的圣旨，其成交价格已经不算低了，至少绝对不是题主所谓的“不值钱”。

\n
\"\"
\n

清 乾隆庚辰（1760）圣旨诰命 LD 佳士得 2017 年 5 月 72.66 万释出

\n
\"\"
\n

明 万历八年（1580）圣旨诰命 上海博古斋 2016 年春拍 71.3 万释出

\n

以下对“圣旨”展开做些介绍与讨论，以便读者能更好地理解为什么圣旨在市场上只能卖这个价。

\n

圣旨是中国封建社会皇帝制、诏、诰、敕、谕、旨、批等命令的总称。现社会上流传的所谓“圣旨”，多为明清皇帝封赠官员及其先人、妻室的诰命与敕命。诰命 / 敕命是皇帝对臣僚或赐予官阶或封赠爵号并赋予一定特权的凭证文书，生者为封，死者为赠，按照授予对象不同的品级，以不同的材料进行缮写，即所谓“封赠制度”。

\n

由于目前市场上所能见到的诰命 / 敕命都属于明、清两代的制品，因此我也只对这一时期的“封赠制度”加以说明。

\n

通常来说，接受封赠的人员包括以下四类：一、宗室及外戚；二、文武官员；三、边疆少数民族领袖或宗教领袖；四、藩属国的宗室。但现实市场上，我们能遇到的圣旨基本都来自第二类人员，这就注定了其文献价值高度有限。

\n

文武官员接受封赠的条件，明代通常是三年考满合格，个别时期严格点可能还要求有相应的政绩。清代在基本沿袭明代惯例的基础上，还对有功绩的官员额外有封赠。而不同品级的官员接受封赠的次数还不相同，明清两代循例“一品封赠三代，二、三品封赠二代，四品至七品封赠一代，八、九品只封赠本人”。这也意味着伴随仕途的迁升，官员会不断被“封赠”，潜台词也就是存世诰命 / 敕命的数量不会太少，尤其是清代中晚期以后的此类制品。而数量多也意味着其稀缺性有限。

\n

我之前发了一条想法，里面便提到仅这个人的诰命，文保所就保存了一套共四件。

\n

崇祯诰命

\n

此外，明清两代的诰命形制虽然不同，但都遵循品级越高，材质越好这一规律。而市场上流通的圣旨基本都属于中低级官员，这也就意味着其材料本身就比较普通。加之存世绝大部分的圣旨都属于清代中晚期，国力的衰退更导致其制作上的粗疏，精美程度也随之大打折扣。

\n

对比下面两件清代不同时期的诰命，很容易就能区分出材质精美程度的不同。

\n
\"\"
\n

清 乾隆三十六年 圣旨诰命 北京保利 2013 春季拍卖会 55.2 万释出

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\"\"
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清 光绪二十五年圣旨诰命 上海博海 2013 秋季拍卖会 3.45 万释出

\n

最后提一点，诰命 / 敕命是属于个人色彩极其鲜明的文物，与之类似的还有被称为祖容像的画作。这种极具私密属性的文物，在中国人传统观念里，多少都带有忌讳的色彩，甚至会不可避免地与死亡相联系，故而其并不为绝大多数收藏者所喜好（圣旨相对祖容画还好一些），这自然也影响到了它们在市场的流通性与成交价格。

\n

比如下面这种画作，虽然画得很精彩；虽然外国人无所谓；虽然我本人是无神论者；虽然我本人是文博专业出身对之有相应的知识储备且专业从事中国书画交易二十余年，但让我掏钱，我肯定不会买！哪怕送我我都不要，而且会很严肃地告诉送礼者，你给我折现，哪怕打个折！

\n
\"\"
\n

祖容像

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查看知乎讨论
\n\n
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获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", - "content": "
\"头图\"/
\n

先说结论：题主对于“高价”的定义标准实在过于苛刻。首先要明确，在文物艺术品市场上书画、瓷器属于艺术品，而圣旨通常被归类为文献典籍。文献典籍的价格天然就要低于艺术品。其次确实有卖上千万的书画、瓷器，但它们在整个市场上也属于凤毛麟角，而且这些能卖上千万的书画、瓷器必然有其特别过人之处，尤其在稀有性以及艺术性的体现上。

\n
\"\"
\n

明 成化 斗彩鸡缸杯 HK 苏富比 2014 年春拍 2.8 亿释出 龙美术馆收藏

\n
\"\"
\n

晋 王羲之 草书《平安帖》中国嘉德 2010 年秋拍 3.08 亿释出 龙美术馆收藏

\n
\"\"
\n

宋 陈容 《六龙图》NY 佳士得 2017 年春拍约人民币 3 亿（4896.75 万美元）释出 龙美术馆收藏

\n

而存世能交易的圣旨，绝大多数的珍稀性就一般，更遑论其艺术性了，因此自然不会出现上千万成交价的圣旨。但坦率来说，我认为目前市场上类似下面这样的圣旨，其成交价格已经不算低了，至少绝对不是题主所谓的“不值钱”。

\n
\"\"
\n

清 乾隆庚辰（1760）圣旨诰命 LD 佳士得 2017 年 5 月 72.66 万释出

\n
\"\"
\n

明 万历八年（1580）圣旨诰命 上海博古斋 2016 年春拍 71.3 万释出

\n

以下对“圣旨”展开做些介绍与讨论，以便读者能更好地理解为什么圣旨在市场上只能卖这个价。

\n

圣旨是中国封建社会皇帝制、诏、诰、敕、谕、旨、批等命令的总称。现社会上流传的所谓“圣旨”，多为明清皇帝封赠官员及其先人、妻室的诰命与敕命。诰命 / 敕命是皇帝对臣僚或赐予官阶或封赠爵号并赋予一定特权的凭证文书，生者为封，死者为赠，按照授予对象不同的品级，以不同的材料进行缮写，即所谓“封赠制度”。

\n

由于目前市场上所能见到的诰命 / 敕命都属于明、清两代的制品，因此我也只对这一时期的“封赠制度”加以说明。

\n

通常来说，接受封赠的人员包括以下四类：一、宗室及外戚；二、文武官员；三、边疆少数民族领袖或宗教领袖；四、藩属国的宗室。但现实市场上，我们能遇到的圣旨基本都来自第二类人员，这就注定了其文献价值高度有限。

\n

文武官员接受封赠的条件，明代通常是三年考满合格，个别时期严格点可能还要求有相应的政绩。清代在基本沿袭明代惯例的基础上，还对有功绩的官员额外有封赠。而不同品级的官员接受封赠的次数还不相同，明清两代循例“一品封赠三代，二、三品封赠二代，四品至七品封赠一代，八、九品只封赠本人”。这也意味着伴随仕途的迁升，官员会不断被“封赠”，潜台词也就是存世诰命 / 敕命的数量不会太少，尤其是清代中晚期以后的此类制品。而数量多也意味着其稀缺性有限。

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我之前发了一条想法，里面便提到仅这个人的诰命，文保所就保存了一套共四件。

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崇祯诰命

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此外，明清两代的诰命形制虽然不同，但都遵循品级越高，材质越好这一规律。而市场上流通的圣旨基本都属于中低级官员，这也就意味着其材料本身就比较普通。加之存世绝大部分的圣旨都属于清代中晚期，国力的衰退更导致其制作上的粗疏，精美程度也随之大打折扣。

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对比下面两件清代不同时期的诰命，很容易就能区分出材质精美程度的不同。

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清 乾隆三十六年 圣旨诰命 北京保利 2013 春季拍卖会 55.2 万释出

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清 光绪二十五年圣旨诰命 上海博海 2013 秋季拍卖会 3.45 万释出

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最后提一点，诰命 / 敕命是属于个人色彩极其鲜明的文物，与之类似的还有被称为祖容像的画作。这种极具私密属性的文物，在中国人传统观念里，多少都带有忌讳的色彩，甚至会不可避免地与死亡相联系，故而其并不为绝大多数收藏者所喜好（圣旨相对祖容画还好一些），这自然也影响到了它们在市场的流通性与成交价格。

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比如下面这种画作，虽然画得很精彩；虽然外国人无所谓；虽然我本人是无神论者；虽然我本人是文博专业出身对之有相应的知识储备且专业从事中国书画交易二十余年，但让我掏钱，我肯定不会买！哪怕送我我都不要，而且会很严肃地告诉送礼者，你给我折现，哪怕打个折！

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祖容像

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查看知乎讨论
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", - "category": "", - "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783376", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Thu, 21 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "资讯", - "feed": "知乎", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "774b8eba327eb5578a35bead1b94e3ac", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "瞎扯 · 如何正确地吐槽", - "description": "
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@黑白配 ： A 座锻炼膀胱、 B 座磨砺社恐， C 座培养耐心， D座缓解尿频， F 座训练颈椎。
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@胡闹 ：打雪仗，手机从手中滑落，捡起来后发现自动拍下了这一瞬间。
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@白鼬 ：枯藤老树昏鸦 小桥流水人家 古道西风细狗 夕阳西下
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断肠人在天涯 ——狗致远
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@巩一 ：我爹，时常不联系我，一联系我就能让我沉默许久。
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@应七 ：快三十年了，林皓这个家伙还是让你们津津乐道……
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获取更多RSS：
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", - "content": "
\"头图\"/
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@黑白配 ： A 座锻炼膀胱、 B 座磨砺社恐， C 座培养耐心， D座缓解尿频， F 座训练颈椎。
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@胡闹 ：打雪仗，手机从手中滑落，捡起来后发现自动拍下了这一瞬间。
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@白鼬 ：枯藤老树昏鸦 小桥流水人家 古道西风细狗 夕阳西下
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断肠人在天涯 ——狗致远
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@巩一 ：我爹，时常不联系我，一联系我就能让我沉默许久。
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@应七 ：快三十年了，林皓这个家伙还是让你们津津乐道……
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获取更多RSS：
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", - "category": "", - "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783374", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Wed, 20 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "资讯", - "feed": "知乎", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "2475729bc4c91530cf212c790958ca74", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "历史上还有哪些称得上「魅魔」的人物？", - "description": "
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哦，那必然是

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康熙他八儿子·雍正他八弟·八阿哥·贤得是时候·廉亲王·胤禩。

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根据不完全统计，他前前后后魅惑过的人有：

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一、亲兄弟若干1.大阿哥胤褆

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大阿哥是个能从传教士骂到亲伯父的无敌超雄，脑子不好使但极其暴躁。

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——然而老八却能跟他关系还可以。

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允禔在诸兄弟中与允禩关系较好，或许因为允禩曾被交给允禔的生母惠妃抚养过一段时间，且是康熙诸子中少见的外表柔善、谦逊之人，肯于在允禔面前做小伏低，能够和刚猛傲慢的长兄和睦。
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大阿哥这个人，他：

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幻想跟传教士 SM，把传教士吓晕：

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杜德美神父与皇子在一起时，（大）皇子对他说：“把刘应神父叫来，用鞭子好好教训他一顿，然后把他流放到鞑靼荒野去，这主意不错吧？”
when Fr. Jartoux was with the Prince, the Prince said to him: “Wouldn’t it be a good idea to summon Fr. Visdelou here, punish him with a beating, and consign him to the wilds of Tartary?”
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跟着亲伯父上战场，把亲伯父气晕：

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允禔首次出战准噶尔，身份是副将军，当时的三军主帅是他的亲伯父裕亲王福全。……可惜，允禔此行，不但未见结交什么可靠之人为生死袍泽，反而和秉性忠厚老实的伯父闹了很大矛盾：
康熙二十九年七月出兵，不到一个月，就和裕亲王“不相和谐，妄生事端”，并且“私行陈奏”，就是背地里向父皇告伯父的黑状。幸而康熙帝行事公正，并不偏信儿子，得知情况后，不顾自己丢脸，将允禔强行撤回北京，事后又百般弥合，才避免伯侄二人的矛盾完全公开化。
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跟亲妈的关系，也有点微妙：

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康熙就曾评价大阿哥胤禔“气质暴戾”，而大阿哥的母亲惠妃也曾向康熙哭诉，奏其“不孝，请置之于法”。
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结果他被爸爸痛骂不能当太子后，小伙顶着这么多不爽，大喝一声：

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我当不了那就让老八当啊！

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一废太子之后，本来在诸皇子中处于有利地位的允禔，把自己的愚昧粗狂表现得淋漓尽致。这不能不让人想起满洲政权尚在关外时的那些场景：皇太极去世后，合法性最强的皇子豪格与实力最强的皇弟多尔衮争夺大位，多尔衮假意推托谦让，母弟多铎却看着着急，当众断喝：你不当我当！允禔这一手“我当不了让老八当”，和多铎真有异曲同工之粗豪，关外遗风毕见。
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2.七阿哥胤祐

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到了雍正初年，胤禩还能哄得他七哥帮他打报告哩。

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给雍正气完了，说：

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“现在廉亲王处处学我！但凡有什么事能占便宜、钻空子，他就必然唆使允祐、允禟、允禵提出来，从中捞取好处，自己则充好人！比如允祐[1]，他都是什么时候分府的老户了，还要照此找补，这是什么体统？”

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兹廉王凡事必仿于朕，以朕为齐，凡有便宜事或稍许疏漏之事，必唆使淳王、贝子允禟、允禵提出，以捞取之，伊自己权充好人。虽为清廉王[1]，但系何时分府的老户，亦要照此找补，成何体统？
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哦，八阿哥可太魅魔……哦不对，太坏了！

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3.九阿哥胤禟

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同生共死的阿其那与塞思黑，关系自不必说。

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在胤禟的管家秦道然眼里，八阿哥简直就像是当着管账正宫的面操控杀猪盘骗钱的绿茶捞男。

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再八爷说自己穷，要九爷吩咐满丕帮盘缠，满丕应了，送了一万两，这是八爷的巧取处。
允禩也晓得允禟是庸才，其所以与他厚结的缘故，不过为他肯替允禩使钱，要借他钱财，收拾些人心，允禩每访得九流术士中有些异样的，便令心腹人招至家中，藏之密室，到打发出去的时节，便叫允禟送他银子，或一百两或二百两不等。这种人也多得紧，我时常听见送银子到允禩家里去的人向我说，所以我得知道。至于给的是什么人，我实不曾知道。
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我老公的钱啊！怎么给了你这种人！

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这都是我老公辛辛苦苦赚来的啊！！！
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到现在知乎里还有胤禟是不是被胤禩 PUA 了的问题。

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嗯，秦道然一定很想答。

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4.十阿哥胤䄉

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十阿哥的生母钮祜禄氏，是辅政大臣遏必隆之女、康熙帝继后孝昭仁皇后的亲妹妹。

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在康熙的众多皇子中，从生母地位上看，十阿哥仅次于太子，居于第二；

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而从外戚门第、势力上看，恐怕还要比太子更高一些。

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然而这样一个高贵的（？）阿哥，照样像个甜狗一样围着八哥转，被八哥蛊得晕头转向。

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还说什么：八阿哥，你是我们的主子，你可要多多照顾我们啊！

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我与塞思黑、允禵同向阿其那云：尔乃我等之主，后日须怜㸔我等。阿其那闭一目而笑。
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5.十四阿哥胤祯

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十四阿哥胤祯，跟雍正同个妈，是雍正铁打的同母亲弟弟。

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他从康熙四十七年开始，就像条甜狗一样跟着他八哥，观之十分震撼。

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在康熙锁拿允禩的时候，胤祯积极为胤禩辩护。

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老父亲气得要死，拔刀而出，差点将亲儿子当场手刃。

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康熙四十七年。九月。
壬寅。上召诸皇子入乾清宫。谕曰当废允礽之时。朕已有上□日诸阿哥中如有钻营谋为皇太子者即国之贼。法断不容。废皇太子后。允禔曾奏称允禩好。春秋之义人臣无将将则必诛。大宝岂人可妄行窥伺者耶。允禩柔奸性成、妄蓄大志朕素所深知。其党羽早相要结谋害允礽。今其事皆已败露。著将允禩锁拏交与议政处审理。皇九子允禟语皇十四子允禵云，尔我此时不言何待。允禵奏云：八阿哥无此心，臣等愿保之。上震怒。出所佩刀欲诛允禵。皇五子允祺跪抱劝止。诸皇子叩首恳求。上怒少解。命诸皇子挞允禵。将允禟、允禵逐出。　
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可怜的胤祯被兄弟们打了二十大板，被老爹轰出宫去，他依旧不改。

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甚至自负枷锁、身怀毒药，要是有什么不测，就要和八哥一块去死。

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被轰出宫去之后，允禵还不罢休，准备相约众皇子一起为允禩保奏。他还让人准备了一副枷锁，跟在被锁起来的允禩身后，以示共患难之意；甚至随身携带毒药，直到允禩被释放之日，才当众取出扔掉。
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康熙都服了，直接把他踢出宫去分府，本来皇子分配府邸会有的头一年支给食物待遇都不好。

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康熙朝惯例，阿哥分府的第一年由宫里支给食物，第二年开始靠自己。十四分府时父子关系紧张，待遇就不太好，后来出兵时关系逆转，颇受关爱，就主动要求支食物。
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他反倒自豪起来了，把自己拿命来保八阿哥这件事到处跟兄弟们说。

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胤禩也乐呵呵地答：多亏我的几个弟弟了。

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因有令阿其那相面之事，为圣祖皇帝治罪。时允禵将舍命完结之事，常常告诉臣等。阿其那亦曾告诉：当获罪时，因诸弟之帮助而受益。
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别的兄弟来看望他，要是刚刚好胤禩在，就看见他对胤禩处处照顾，让别人直呼恶俗。

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臣去允禵府第，遇有阿奇那在时，允禵对阿奇那照样行动照管者，迂俗可厌，连跟随阿奇那之太监皆格外照管。
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康熙不给他随驾，他死活偏要去，还三番两次奏请，就是要跟着去。

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康熙服了，说：看你这要死要活的劲，哪是想跟着我啊，你就是想跟着你八哥。

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皇考駕幸熱河，特㫖命允禩不論班行走，衆阿哥分為三班行走，而允禵乃抵死欲去，屢次奏請，奉皇考諭㫖：觀爾抵死欲去之意，豈欲隨朕，亦不過欲隨八阿哥去耳。後輪至第三班，特㫖令其停止，乃仍不肯遵，畢竟隨去。
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不得不说康熙说得太对了，胤祯就是想跟着他八哥。

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下次换成八阿哥在京城，他被爸爸带出去，他立刻就又不走了。

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到底是想跟着谁呢好难看出来啊。（那种语气）
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及值允禩母妃事出，於康熈五十三年夏月，留允禩在京，命帶允禵前去，而伊又設法留京，彼時允禩理宜勸止允禵，乃竟不行勸止，一任允禵屢次觸忤皇考。
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康熙发难胤禩的时候，他跟胤禩说“我们要死就一起死”。

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圣祖皇帝幸冬狩时，执阿其那之侍卫太监，将阿其那遣返时，允禵曾告诉臣言，允禵至阿其那处言称：我等死则一起死。等语。
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康熙不给别人去见胤禩，他偷偷去不说，还要帮别人打招呼，别人说要是被康熙听见了对谁都不好啊，他嘿嘿一笑说：是啊！

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奉圣祖皇帝谕旨：阿其那惑乱众心，意行甚奸，著逐出不令再见之。钦此。其后，允禵隐瞒圣祖皇帝，仍潜往阿其那处不断。允禵曾传话称，见阿其那时，问臣好。等语。时臣言：虽有亲临问好之意，但圣祖皇帝闻之，对谁都不好。等语。时允禵微笑言：是。
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八阿哥给他写了封信，央求他用手底下某人，他立马就对此人另眼相看了。

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那木札尔称，安王给老爷送一信，云云。我当即拆开来信，内开，吾已央求八阿哥曰：吾门下副都统宗札布，现在军营，请转求十四阿哥，若能照顾，请多关照。八阿哥已央求十四阿哥。云云。自我收到此信之后，观察其情，允禵已另眼看待我。
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四哥的圣旨他不跪，八阿哥出来只说他该跪，他一句话没说，扑通一声跪下了。

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阿其那见众人共议允禵之非。乃向允禵云，汝应下跪。便寂然无声而跪。不遵皇上谕旨。止重阿其那一言。结党背君，公然无忌。
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不仅如此，他俩还直接结为契友了。

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谈论不惜自己互相照顾为大义时，阿其那此辈已互相结为契友。
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《雍正王朝》里他俩塑料得要命，回看历史雍正帝自己给胤祯列的所谓十四项大罪，前三条每条都是几个大字：

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你 和 胤 禩 太 近 了

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1. 允禵性质狂悖。与阿其那尤相亲密。圣祖仁皇帝于二阿哥之案。将阿其那拏问时。召入众阿哥。谕以阿其那谋夺东宫之罪。现交议政究审。允禵与塞思黑、同向圣祖仁皇帝之前。允禵奏云、阿其那并无此心。若将阿其那问罪。我等愿与同罪。圣祖仁皇帝震怒。拔佩刀欲杀允禵。经允祺力劝稍解。将允禵重加责惩。与塞思黑一并逐出。众所共知者一也。
2. 康熙四十八年夏、圣祖仁皇帝避暑口外。恐伊等聚党生事。止令阿其那跟随行走。允禵敝帽故衣。坐小车。装作贩卖之人。私送出口。日则潜踪而随。夜则至阿其那帐房歇宿。密语通霄。踪迹诡异。众所共知者一也。
3. 圣祖仁皇帝知允禵昏愚狂妄。必生事端。因遣往军前。使不得朋匪为恶。而允禵与阿其那、塞思黑、密信往来。曾无间断。机计莫测。众所共知者一也。
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6.其实还有一个兄弟也堕其术中

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但我要卖个关子，暂按不表。

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二、亲爹

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别看后面父子二人闹得那么僵，其实八儿子从小把亲爹蛊得不要不要的。

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在亲爹眼里，八阿哥从小开始，就对才艺展示颇有一些天赋。

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二十六年六月，康熙帝带领7 岁的允禩与其他几位较其稍长的皇子，来到皇太子允礽的书房，让他们分别在诸大臣前诵读经书。
允禩等人以次近前，各读数篇，童音朗朗，舒缓纯熟。康熙帝倍感欣慰，诸臣赞叹不已。
是年八月，允禩第一次随康熙帝巡幸塞外，在此次随扈皇子中年龄最小。
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他十二岁时，随着两位哥哥前往山东祭孔，这时又展现了相看马匹的天赋。

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康熙帝舍去较允禩年长的皇五子允祺和皇七子允祐，选派允禩随同两位皇兄前往，自有深意。允禩尚在少年，已具有骑术精湛，善于相马等特长。途中，凡由京城送至马匹，首先由允禩试骑，其后再定是否由允祉、胤禛等骑用。
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亲爹统兵亲征噶尔丹，八阿哥屁颠屁颠跟着出征。

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他们在鄂尔多斯围猎，因猎获野兔极多，康熙甚感惊奇，写信给皇太子，详细描述了打猎的情况。

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谕皇太子：十二日，驻跸宽托洛惠。本设双层围，兔雉丰盛，不可言状。朕四十多岁何处未行，未见如此兔丰。放围无分主仆，唯猎射，并无闲暇，朕殪一百三十八只，大阿哥殪五十九只，三阿哥殪五十五只，八阿哥殪五十只。裕亲王殪二十只，北围殪五只，为极少者。
……十三日驻跸。本两层围猎，雉少，兔与十二日同。自朕躬以下至猎人，前日殪兔力竭，手指皆肿而不能射，朕殪八十三只，大阿哥殪四十一只，三阿哥殪四十三只，八阿哥殪三十九只，打围人共殪一千四百四十二只。未计鄂尔多斯猎人所殪数额，……
十六日驻跸吉格苏泰。设双层围场，雉甚多，兔与前同。朕殪一百二十二只，大阿哥殪五十九只，三阿哥殪五十五只，八阿哥殪五十四只，裕亲王殪二十二只，围场之人殪一千二百十五只。未计蒙古人围猎之数。
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大阿哥、三阿哥都是骑射功夫极好的皇子。

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大阿哥才七岁，就能射中老虎。

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康熙十八年年底，玄烨在南苑行围，“纵虎出圈，命众驱逐，皇第五子保清（大阿哥乳名）亲射，中之”。保清即皇长子胤禔，当时也只有 7 周岁。这样年幼的孩子追射凶猛异常的老虎，尽管旁边有人保护，也要冒很大危险，足见玄烨在培养儿子方面，具有不同一般为父之人的胆魄。
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不同于刻板印象里的书呆子，三阿哥的骑射，甚至还要好过大阿哥。

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皇三子胤祉的弓箭和枪法，还要超过他的两位兄长，无论参加行围或较射，他往往是命中率最高的射手之一。据马国贤神甫回忆，玄烨晚年在热河时，喜欢在围猎之余，“观看他的满洲摔跤手们角斗，也常常命令他的孙子们及其他高级将领在他面前进行较射。有时，他甚至加入与他的第三个儿子(胤祉)比赛的行列，因为这个儿子的箭法几乎同他父亲一样好”。
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从胤禩所射兔的数量与大阿哥、三阿哥几乎相同可见，胤禩的骑射功夫也十分不错。

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而最使胤禩从诸位阿哥中脱颖而出，成为亲爹爱子的，则是他出类拔萃的管理能力。

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三十五年二月，康熙帝第一次亲征噶尔丹。15 岁的胤禩，在 6 位随征皇子中年龄最小。

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亲征期间，他跟随康熙帝身边，奉命管理火器营，并得到了父亲的“嘉美诗”。

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戎行亲莅制机宜，栉沐风霜总不辞，随侍晨昏依帐殿，焦劳情事尔应知。
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“你早晚都在我的营帐边随侍左右，

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我为国事的焦虑与辛劳，你应当最能理解呀。”

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是年九月份，康熙帝第二次亲征噶尔丹，从第一次随征的 6 位皇子中挑选 3 人带往。

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四阿哥、五阿哥、七阿哥落选，大阿哥、三阿哥和八阿哥再次随征。

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足以见得，胤禩的表现，给康熙留下了深刻印象。

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\"\"
我儿子真好。
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他受封贝勒，以及大阿哥、三阿哥受封郡王，都是因为三人在随驾亲征噶尔丹的表现，以及平时的印象，都非常不错。

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八阿哥受封贝勒的当年，经康熙帝指婚，娶安亲王岳乐的外孙女郭络罗氏为嫡福晋。

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郭络罗氏母家的背景，可谓非常深厚。她的外公安亲王岳乐，可谓是清朝顺治、康熙年间功勋卓著的名将。顺治帝一度想把皇位传给他，在平定三藩之乱的时候，他更是立下了汉马功劳。

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康熙择选具有如此母家背景之人为儿媳，惟有当他对该子印象甚佳时，方会为之。

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之后八阿哥惹爹生气，爹左忍右忍，终于忍不了了——

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于是把气全撒在了儿媳和她的舅舅们身上。

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允祀素受制于妻，其妻系安郡王岳乐之女所出，安郡王因谄媚辅政大臣，遂得亲王。其妃系索额图之妹，世祖皇帝时记名之女子。其子马尔浑、景熙、吴尔占等，俱系允祀妻之母舅，并不教训允祀之妻，任其嫉妒行恶，是以允祀迄今尚未生子。
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爹：都怪你们不管好我儿媳！

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八福晋：？

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\"\"
个死老头把我当你们 play 的一环是吧？
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从此以后的十年，胤禩一直受到父皇的宠爱和倚重。

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单单这十年里，他拉过的重要磨就有：

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1.管理广善库，所得成就获得裕亲王的赞赏。

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康熙帝曾让允禩管理广善库。允禩借此机会广结人缘，充分施展才干。康熙帝与其兄裕亲王福全自幼感情笃深，后者逝于四十二年六月。“裕亲王病时，曾以广善库为因，力荐允禩有才有德。”福全的看法对康熙帝会产生一定影响。
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2.他和三阿哥一块审理索额图。

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康熙四十二年，太子党的头号人物索额图被拘禁，康熙皇帝在巡行途中手书密旨，派人连夜交给三阿哥允祉和八阿哥允禩，命他们二人秘密审理索额图，并抓捕其同党。这一年允禩只有二十二岁，能够接受这样重大的政治任务，足见康熙帝对他的信任。
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一废太子的时候，胤禩更是风光无两。

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3.他先是和胤禛一起，被留在京城代理政事——名字居然还在他的四哥前面。

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这在严格遵循长幼尊卑的古代，是意义极其特殊的。

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4.在允礽的乳公凌普被从内务府总管一职撤下后，胤禩不但承担了内务府总管的职责，甚至还负责了查抄凌普。

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康熙四十七年一废太子时，康熙帝命允禩、胤禛二人留京办事，其中允禩署理内务府总管，名字也罕见地被列在了兄长胤禛之前。
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毙鹰事件大家应该都多少有所耳闻。

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八阿哥不听话，给亲爹气完了，大骂：他竟敢还上奏说自己冤枉，他冤枉在哪里？！！！

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伊摺内奏称冤抑。试问伊所谓冤抑者何在。
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但大家估计不太知道：

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康熙还写过一封给家人的信，信中为允禩呈献毙鹰一事开脱。。

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亲爹：我知道他冤枉在哪里。

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\"\"
姑息之爱大爆发 jpg
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三、妈妈们1.养母惠妃

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还是毙鹰事件，还是大家应该不太知道的是：

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毙鹰事件之后，惠妃为了八阿哥，甚至跟康熙大吵一架，吵到外省的督抚都有所耳闻，上奏询问。。

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比如他的养母惠妃，虽然别有亲子允禔，但显然对允禩的关爱更甚。允禔被囚禁时，惠妃“亦奏称其不孝，请置之于法”，无论是真心还是忍痛，毕竟做出了支持康熙帝决策的表态。到康熙五十三年，康熙帝因为“毙鹰事件”痛责允禩，父子之间几乎恩断义绝，而此时的惠妃，或为保护养子起见，与皇帝发生激烈争执，以致外省督抚都有所耳闻。
奴才服思，惠妃主子之事，圣主必是叹恨。然圣主已有年纪，若多烦闷，恐御体必受苦累。——云贵总督郭严奏折
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嗯，养母为了养子跟丈夫大吵一架的含金量……

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后来雍正继位，母妃都要出宫由儿子们赡养。惠妃乐呵呵地就跑到八阿哥家里住了。

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慧妃母妃、乃大阿哥之生母、允禩之慈母也。允禩少時、即為慧妃母妃所撫養。朕因大阿哥獲罪禁鋼。其諸子又少不知事。意欲奉養於允禩之邸。因遣人詢問慧妃母妃。慧妃母妃欣然允從。
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2.全体妈妈们

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在雍正看来，八阿哥甚至还把所有妈妈们都给蛊惑了！

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雍正想死都想不明白为啥自己登基三年母妃没一个来看自己，差人都没差过。

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想了想又把锅推给八阿哥。

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肯定是胤禩的问题！是胤禩让妈妈们都不来看我！

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都是魅魔的问题！

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彼时允祹、酌议诸位母妃移府之礼。允祹议奏内、有朕思念诸位母妃之时、即令入宫相见等语。朕以诸位母妃、岂有召入相见之礼。深责允祹之非。迄今三年以来、诸位母妃、未曾遣人至朕前一问起居。诸位母妃、深居府中、一切皆诸王主持。此必允禩从中阻挠。诸王亦遂观望不前耳。
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四、亲伯父&堂弟

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皇子们唯一的亲伯父，康熙唯一的哥哥，裕亲王福全，也深深受到他八侄子的蛊惑。

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前文提到，在这些侄子中，大阿哥和他这个亲伯父的关系尤为不好。太子胤礽与自己这位宽厚温和，谦虚自持的亲伯父，亦关系不佳。

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而本答中的大魅魔八阿哥，蛊得他力荐“有才有德”、“心性好，不务矜夸”。

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这一份支持，甚至还在一定程度上左右过康熙的决定。

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一废太子期间，玄烨谈到胤禩时说：“…… 乃若八阿哥之为人，诸臣奏称其贤，裕亲王存日亦曾奏言八阿哥心性好，不务矜夸。”有的学者指出，福全去世前，曾向玄烨揭发皇太子胤礽的种种劣迹，同时赞扬胤禩聪明能干，品行端正，建议玄烨立后者为储君。这次谈话后不久，胤礽的主要支持者索额图即被拘禁，看来玄烨已考虑皇兄的建言，认为胤禩 “是可以代替胤礽做皇太子的人选之一。”
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而他的儿子，继承了他的王爵的保泰，也从小与魅魔的关系最为亲昵友好。

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被康熙帝养在宫中、待如亲子的侄儿保泰就和八阿哥允禩关系最好。
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甚至到了雍正初年，保泰还在为了八阿哥和八阿哥的党羽跟雍正作对。

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雍正气完了，骂他小时候教保泰算术，保泰居然不感恩。

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况保泰幼年初在大内行走之时，皇考令朕教习经书算法，率领指示行走。保泰受朕思顾甚深。又伯母之事，伊全家俱赖朕成全。朕藩邸人皆知之也。朕于保泰，所施之恩，伊此生何可负哉？
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五、以妻族为首的一大堆宗室亲戚

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这帮宗室亲戚，对魅魔八阿哥堪称鞍前马后，死活都要跟着八阿哥。

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\"\"
我啊，现在只想做八王子的狗，做八王子的狗真的是太好了……
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近亲有之前提到的那堆兄弟、亲爹、亲妈养妈其他妈、亲伯父裕亲王福全、亲堂哥裕亲王保泰和堂侄子广宁外，还有亲伯叔恭亲王常宁的后代镇国公满都护；

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魅魔他老婆是安亲王岳乐的亲孙女，从小被外公接到家里养，几个舅舅把她宠上天了，魅魔也沾了喜气，蛊惑得这帮子舅舅乐颠颠地给他当枪使，把复立的太子拉下马。

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五十年八月，托合齐举办党派宴会。过后不久，八福晋的舅舅景熙便乘机上奏，轻飘飘地指控托合齐在“安郡王丧期一周年已过、 二周年未满”的时候，均与官员宴饮，未依例为安郡王服丧, 有悖属人礼制。
托合齐只是在除服后, 于二十七个月丧期内宴饮, 不算什么重罪，更何况康熙一向比较宽厚，这样的罪名不会让托合齐受什么大苦的；但查下去却发现，这次会饮所参加的人大有问题。
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远一点的宗亲，什么八大铁帽子王之一简亲王雅尔江阿和他儿子镇国公永谦、褚英后代贝子苏努与镇国公阿布兰、奉恩辅国公灏善的后代汝福与佛保、贝子鲁宾等等，

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数都数不完的宗亲，都变成了魅魔的狗，魅魔拿牵引绳牵都牵不过来。

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六、传教士

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作为康熙颇为宠信的一小支外国团体，传教士特别喜欢吃瓜，而且经常吃到大瓜。

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在他们口中，八阿哥的画风是这样的：

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正如我所说，皇长子最怕的就是第八子，人们普遍认为他是上天赐给政府的礼物。
As I said, more than any other of his brothers the Prince fearedthe eighth-born son, by common consent a young man who was Heaven's gift to government.
根据皇帝陛下的指令，他向老亲王历数长长一串他的先辈所犯的罪过，他责备老亲王这一支脉的世世代代始终都暗地里和当政的这一支脉作对。当念到老亲王本身的过错时，……详细列举了他当上了旗帅以后所犯的好几个错误，其中有当年已故皇帝废黜皇太子，征求大臣们意见，以图另改选一位亲王时，老亲王投了八阿哥① 的票。
① 即已故皇帝的第八子。所有的大臣们不管是满族还是汉族都赞同他当皇太子，所以，如果说这是一个错误的话，那大家都犯了同一错误。—— 原注
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传教士：根据我们所得信息判断，所有人都忍不住对上天赐给清朝的礼物犯错了。

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七、朝鲜人

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作为明朝的藩属国，朝鲜阴暗地认为清朝就是得位不正。

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于是，在几乎整个康朝，朝鲜都在积极发掘你清药丸的证据：

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康熙坏啊！太坏了！你清药丸！

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\"\"
康熙天天打猎瞎玩，荒淫无道，你清药丸！
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康熙性情暴躁，你清药丸！
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康熙居然节俭，不可能，肯定是抠门，你清药丸！
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天啊康熙只懂满文，你清药丸！
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什么康熙居然会汉文，你清药丸！
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天啊太子这个德行，你清药丸！
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当然，朝鲜人不傻，知道康熙比较好，只是不肯承认。

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谁喜欢康熙我们孤立谁，因为你清药丸！
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直到雍正上位之后，他们对康熙的风评才好转回来：

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康熙好啊，太好啊，好极了啊！
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在这种情况下，朝鲜人（在康熙本朝）对胤禩的态度居然是：

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皇子们都望之没有人形，但其中皇八子好像好那么一点，也不是说就很好啦，就是好一点。嗯。
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朝鲜人：对不起，我们也对上天赐给清朝的礼物犯错了。

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八、大臣1.康熙朝的大臣

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大臣们被魅魔蛊惑得命都不要了，就跟着皇上对着干。

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康熙朝一废太子的时候，所有人不顾康熙暗示，就是要立八阿哥。

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这样的结果，对在位近五十年，自以为对朝廷局面如臂使指的康熙皇帝会产生怎样的打击，读者自可想见。自己培植、任用的满朝文武，居然为了一个年轻、没有功绩、母家卑微的允禩而揣着明白装糊涂，不惜悖逆自己的圣意，这是多么令人恐惧而且不可思议的事啊！
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康熙急眼了，放弃了所有繁文缛节，就要复立废太子。

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于是就连康熙朝的重臣、老臣，康熙帝的母舅、岳父，“佟半朝”佟国维都因为小小一只魅魔，公然跟康熙开干：

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你一直以来做得很好，但把储君的废立当儿戏，是不是有点离大谱了？咱能不能说话算话？

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皇上办事精明，天下人无不知晓，断无错误之处。此事于圣躬关系甚大，若日后皇上易于措处，祈速赐睿断，或日后难于措处，亦祈速赐睿断，总之将原定主意熟虑施行为善。
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清代校勘学“创始的人”何焯，康熙朝的时候供职于武英殿修书，被康熙指派为八阿哥的伴读。

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何焯这个人刚正耿直，光明磊落，原则强烈，脾气很火爆，一连跟自己的两任老师闹得都很不愉快。

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然而，面对魅魔的攻势，何焯立马堕其术中了，连女儿都送给魅魔一家抚养。

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先生回南路上平安，何日到家？我家内外人等俱好，女先生亦好。先生女儿在此极好，更不必挂怀。
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-

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康熙宠臣李光地，到了康熙朝末期，还在那里：几个王子里面，八阿哥最贤能呀~

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大学士李光地告假回闽，今又奉特旨带病进京，闻系为立储之事诏彼密议，奴才闻知惊心，特于彼处相探，彼云“目下诸王，八王最贤”等语。
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-

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康熙宠臣明珠的儿子揆叙，学问甚好，谨慎敦厚，康熙看着就喜欢，天天念叨，不幸过世得早，于是念叨得更多了，送他谥号“文端”。

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（揆叙）议论识鉴词藻压倒诸人， 朕昔知为满洲第一，今日汉人中亦推第一矣。
掌院下世再欲得如此（揆叙）一人，良不易得。
毕，上又曰： “翰林院学士甚属紧要，自揆叙没后，朕再四思维，并不得称此职之人。必须学问优长，善于钤束，不畏人之人，方好。”
上又曰： “揆叙学问甚好，为人甚是谨慎敦厚，殊属可惜。朕因伊年少，并未当面嘉奖，不特朕惜之，即诸人无有不惜之者。”
大学士马齐奏曰：“揆叙年少老成，不但学问好，九卿及议政之事亦甚好。伊记性远胜臣等，不惟皇上深惜，举朝满汉大臣官员俱为惜之。一闻其没，俱往吊唁。”
内阁学士常鼐奏曰： “揆叙所学不但超出满洲之中，即汉人中亦少。”
上曰：“然。诚为可惜。”
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当然这样一位美好的小伙，他其实也被魅魔轻轻地蛊惑，跟康熙对着干。

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及二阿哥既废。揆叙与廷臣、暗通消息。各人手心俱写一八字。众所共知者一也。
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-

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康熙的宠臣阿灵阿，太师遏必隆第七子，孝昭仁皇后之弟，康熙喜欢极了，时不时送点什么，生病后派御医调治，还命公主做饭赏赐给他。

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阿灵阿去世后，康熙深为可惜，让好几个皇子都给他送灵。

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康熙年间倚重的重臣，“凡一切军机奏议无不恰合上心，一时大臣无有出其右者。圣祖仁皇帝恩遇甚隆，常赐上方动用之件及上亲乘名马。”康熙四十三年，赐御书“崇先裕后”匾额命皇十子胤䄉来悬。康熙五十五年三月，得疾，即遣御医调治，复赐御制药教以调养，康熙又亲占易卦甚吉，特谕晓之，后病稍愈。康熙驾至边外，病之好坏令每日奏闻，不时遣内侍看视。因服药无效，不思饮食，康熙命二公主（固伦荣宪公主）制饭赐之。围内所得狍鹿等鲜物赐之。时有西洋名医奉诏看视。至十月二十一日卒，享年四十七岁。康熙闻之，甚为悼惜，著左翼王贝勒吊唁，遣镶黄旗一旗大臣侍卫至奠茶酒，赐上驷马四匹，银两千两，令分属九佐领官兵俱穿孝服。皇太后（孝惠章皇后）遣首领赐茶饭，妃嫔皆遣首领赐茶奠酒至发引前一日遣首领送灵。发引之日，康熙命皇四子胤禛、皇五子胤祺、皇十子胤䄉，皇十七子胤礼以及镶黄一旗大臣侍卫护送，又命十七阿哥福晋亦送至墓所。追谥敏恪立碑墓上。
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虽然康熙那么宠爱他，但他也被魅魔蛊惑，犯了错。

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康熙五十三年冬、圣祖仁皇帝驻跸遥亭。……圣祖仁皇帝愤怒。严讯伊之护卫、及太监等。朋党奸谋。尽行显露。其太监冯进朝、供称鄂伦岱、阿灵阿、系伊逆党。
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不止他本人，他的儿子也子承父业，被魅魔蛊惑得颠三倒四，官都不做了也要跟皇帝对着干。

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况此奸党之风。如阿灵阿之子阿尔松阿、苏努之子勒什享等、皆继其父志、而奸恶过焉。似此毫无忌惮。父子相承。先后济恶。实为国家之大患。
阿尔松阿往天津料理监务时，甚属明白可嘉，以为可而用之，乃降旨之时，疑欲杀伊，抵死固辞。
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还有更多更多，数不胜数的康朝大臣们，全部都对魅魔八阿哥犯了错，没给爹留下啥人。

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对不起，皇上，你儿子真香。
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2.雍正朝大臣

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雍正朝的大臣更不得了了，别说基本操作之为了维护魅魔跟皇帝对着干了，魅魔都死了，他们心里还装着个魅魔，继续跟皇帝对着干。

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对不起，皇上，你弟弟真香。
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佟国纲的儿子鄂伦岱，仗着自己是皇亲国戚，天王老子来了也不服，上怼康熙雍正两任皇帝，下虐弟弟法海。

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他爸佟国纲[2]被这个儿子气疯了，上奏康熙，要求康熙把这个儿子杀了算数。

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然而，显赫的身份带给鄂伦岱却是刚愎自用，狂傲不羁的性格弱点，就连他的父亲佟国纲都不被他放在眼里。两人是关系极为不佳，经常性的争执，以至于佟国纲不惜上奏康熙“请诛其子”，弄得满堂皆知，佟家颜面无存。
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结果他爸康熙二十九年战死，马革裹尸，为了体恤他家，康熙还是把他爸的爵位承袭给了鄂伦岱。（笑死了）

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康熙二十九年（1690 年），佟国纲在“乌兰布通之战”中死战殉国，鄂伦岱却袭承了佟国纲的一等公的爵位，不知道此时的佟国纲如果泉下有知的话，会不会死不瞑目。
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他弟弟法海出身下贱，是佟国纲的侍婢所生。鄂伦岱十分看不起法海，百般虐待，甚至还不给法海的生母入祖坟。

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面对如此优秀的弟弟，鄂伦岱只是因为他的卑微的出身就对其母子颇为歧视，特别是在佟国纲去世后，鄂伦岱更加的肆无忌惮、任意虐待。甚至在法海的母亲去世后，鄂伦岱还不准其葬入佟家祖坟。这样就使得鄂伦岱与法海这对兄弟之间结下了深仇大恨，从此是老死不相往来。
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康熙拿他当侍卫，他把康熙当表哥。

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好消息：他俩确实是亲戚。

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坏消息：鄂伦岱连他爸都不吊，那么他对表哥的看法是_______？

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答：照样不吊，请安都不请，就在旁边跟别的侍卫射箭玩儿，气得康熙骂他：小兔崽子你是真找死啊？

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信不信我今个代替你爸教训你？
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鄂伦岱选择——？

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答：鄂伦岱选择了无视。

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及在热河皇考圣体违和之时，并未请安一次，其意颇以为快，在热河宫门前每日较射欢笑。其后皇考于行围地方向鄂伦岱云：尔甚无恩情，尔所作之罪不可胜数，实为可杀之人。伊承旨之下毫无畏惧，倨傲如故，亲随侍卫等不胜愤恨，人人髪指，因此皇考愤懑终日。
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康熙气完了，一条条数他的罪过，叫人拿鞭子抽他。

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在热河时，皇考圣体甚是违和，大臣侍卫等俱请安求瞻仰圣颜。惟鄂伦岱并不请安，且率同乾清门侍卫等，每日较射游戏。鄂伦岱罪恶多端，皇考行围哨鹿时悉数其罪，令侍卫五哥鞭责之。
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到了雍正朝，面对表哥的儿子，鄂伦岱选择——

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答：照样吊也不吊。

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雍正对佟佳氏加恩，他不奏谢。

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伊之父祖朕俱厚加恩典，冀其悛改过恶，为朕出力。而鄂伦岱结党之心坚如金石，并无感激报效之念。以为朕之加恩于其父祖皆因隆科多之力所致，与己无涉，在朕前并无一语奏谢。
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雍正整顿吏治，清除异己，搞得差不多了，群臣都在下面陪笑脸，就只有他一个人低头冷笑。

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朕每召诸王大臣等颁发谕旨，鄂伦岱从未有一次点首心服。前召旗下大臣面谕云，近日是臣等办事将从前积习已改十之七八，若再整顿一二年便可全改。朕尝虑向来恶习恐非诛戮一二人不能挽回，今看来可不用诛戮矣，为此朕心甚喜，诸臣无不点首喜动颜色，惟鄂伦岱略无喜容，俯首冷笑。彼时朕即欲降旨诘责，已而中止。
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雍正问他手下有个人做事如何，他压根不认识这个人就说这人平常。

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雍正骂他：你胡说。

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他直接说：我就是胡说啊。给雍正气晕了。

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昨因办理旗下之事，在众人前将一原当侍卫之人问鄂伦岱：此人何如？鄂伦岱并未认识妄奏云：此人平常。朕责以尔在皇考时身为大臣存心狡狯，只知顾惜身家，不肯实心出力，苟且欺罔，朕所稔知，此等处朕屡经开谕，毫不悛改。今日在众人前又如此诳奏，是诚何意？鄂伦岱奏云：我信口回奏。含忿摇头，故激朕怒。
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他甚至在乾清门院子里掀开衣服就尿，把雍正气死了。

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又一年元旦清晨，在乾清门院内掀衣而溺，朕见之骇异，知其行同畜类。
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雍正顾忌他是太后、太皇太后两任国舅爷的后人，搞了容易被骂不孝，不然早掐死他了。

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就这样一个人，一个拽哥，一个天底下头等无君无父的法外狂徒，

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他面对魅魔展现出了如何的定力呢？

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答：无定力，已狠狠堕其术中。

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就是这个八阿哥爽！
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康熙被八儿子送的老鹰气完了，审问八儿子的下属，问谁是魅魔的党羽，下属当场指认了鄂伦岱。

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他没话说了还要硬说，跪在旁边，也不管自己能不能回话，直接丢给人家一个问句：你说我与你主子一党，你主子与过我何物？

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圣怒当日因允禩得罪在要亭地方，将伊门下太监审讯。太监云：阿灵阿、鄂伦岱乃我主子之党，问他二人便知。彼时阿灵阿、鄂伦岱在傍，俱无言可辩，顔色改变良久，但称：我既系你主子之党，平日曽送过何物？你主子曽赏过我何物？
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回头康熙越想越气[3]，回宫的时候沿途一直在骂鄂伦岱，走了三十里就骂了三十里，一直没消气。

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鄂伦岱叼都不叼。

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当时还只是雍亲王的雍正：……？

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这，这对吗……？
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次年春，皇考从霸州回銮，自行宫起身至南红门，言及鄂伦岱等结党之事，皇考震怒，沿途切责鄂伦岱，行至三十里而圣怒未解。鄂伦岱悍然不知畏惧，亦无一毫爱君之心，朕在旁悚惕不安之甚，
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雍正忍不住了，要拉人劝劝康熙，结果康熙从旁边出来，鄂伦岱甚至变本加厉，以至于康熙看到他的脸就开喷。

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得亏是劝住了，不然又有好戏看呢。（不是

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及圣驾出，而鄂伦岱仍悍然向前迎立以触圣怒，致皇考复严加切责，娄徵额进前奏劝，朕遂泣奏云：皇父圣体初愈，此等悖逆之人何足屡烦圣怒，乱臣贼子自有国法，若交与臣便可即行诛戮。因朕恳奏再三，皇考之怒方解。
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到了雍正朝，鄂伦岱还是横着走，对魅魔的宠爱（？）也变本加厉，倾身回护，代替魅魔上奏。

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之前子承父业，同堕八阿哥术中的阿尔松阿也来帮腔，两人就这样一起违抗皇帝。

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于是鄂伦岱甚至抗衡圣旨，将雍正给的圣旨丢在地板上，将死罪揽在己身，悍傲已极。

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朕即位以来效法皇考，仍不念其罪恶，施恩保全。乃伊每事扰乱，倾身回护阿其那，因阿其那佐领一事，在外于众人前一番议论，在内代伊启奏，显露悖逆之状，将朕所交硃批谕旨掷于乾清门地上，在朕前举止抗横，为人臣者当如是乎？
朕有硃批谕旨降与阿尔松阿者，令鄂伦岱转交，乃鄂伦岱于乾清门众人前将朕旨掷之于地，且极力党护阿尔松阿，将其死罪承认在身，愍不畏死，顽悍已极。
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雍正破大防。

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鄂伦岱：可魅魔就是魅魔啊，你算鸡毛。（抠鼻

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-

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额尔金是十阿哥的长史，也在魅魔主管的上驷院工作。

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仗着自己是魅魔的人，对皇帝就开始傲慢无礼啊！太坏了！

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额尔金在上驷院行走时，依附允禩，为其党与。所以敢在朕前傲慢者，恃有此耳。伊实为允禩党内凶悍之人，愈见皇考知人之明，昭昭不爽。朕之复用额尔金，甚属错误。
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有个武会元叫金昆，雍正想要用他，把他安排到魅魔主管的工部下。

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没想到魅魔看见金昆这孔武有力的肌肉，啊不对，发达的大脑，馋了。

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金昆看见魅魔，那更是走不动路了，魂都被勾走了，硬是把魅魔当成知己，给雍正气死了。

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上諭：工部主事金昆昔年曾在府中绘画行走，朕因其从武会元出身，识得数字，故令改授文职。伊籤掣工部主事，自到工部诸事把持招摇放纵，廉亲王居心巧诈，事事任用，凡有差使俱将金昆派出，搪塞其意，以为金昆有过，天下必加朕以私用匪人之名也。金昆亦倚廉亲王为知已，肆行无忌，大负朕恩。着将金昆革职，令在内庭禁锢行走效力。如不能改过自新或又多事，必从重治罪。
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当然，金昆不只是个例。

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事实上，八阿哥管理下的全体上驷院和工部全体官员，全部都被魅魔上司蛊得神魂颠倒，任由魅魔摆布。

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尔工部官员等，受皇考数十年教养之恩，当念君臣大义，为朕竭力尽心以图报称，勿因允禩之甘言诡计为其所惑。允禩故为小心谨畏，于属员则作噢咻体恤之状，……
允禩居心行事如此。尔诸大臣、定已尽知。惟是工部上驷院两衙门官员人等、恐不知廉亲王之居心奸诈。一堕其术中。便为所累。朕岂忍两衙门之臣下、为伊所愚弄乎。用是再加晓谕。非令尔等、每事与伊抗拒。但令尔等、于办事效力之处、一归于正、勿被伊引诱惑乱而已。
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虽然雍正觉得大家应该都已经认出了魅魔的真面目，但大臣们还是纷纷堕其术中，同情魅魔，心甘情愿跟着魅魔受罚。

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乃在廷诸臣，为廉亲王所愚，反以朕为过于苛刻，为伊抱屈。即朕屡降谕旨之时，观众人神色，未尝尽以廉亲王为非。惟舅舅隆科多、大将军年羹尧、大学士王顼龄、侍郎沈近思，曾在朕前陈奏：一年以来，大小臣工因廉亲王贻累者甚多，乃甘心忍受，并不归怨廉亲王。而廉亲王恬然自安，全不知愧，又不念及国法，全无恐惧。此党援之终不能解散者也。
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不仅如此，这些官员还纷纷觉得皇帝真是太坏了，居然加害魅魔。

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尔工部官员等，受皇考数十年教养之恩，当念君臣大义，为朕竭力尽心以图报称，勿因允禩之甘言诡计为其所惑。允禩故为小心谨畏，于属员则作噢咻体恤之状，其心实欲败坏事务，且知朕必能察出，将众人治罪，以彰朕之苛刻，俾众人感伊而归怨于朕，其居心大抵如此。
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大臣们：对不起皇上，你弟弟真好！没忍住，犯错了！

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就是这个魅魔爽！
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就连年羹尧跟雍正上奏时都说：嗯，廉亲王的风味确实好点。

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其允禟语无伦次，心地浅诈，竭力做哭介而无眼泪，故为亲热煦煦孑孑之状，盖有意学廉亲王而细致则远不及也。
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九阿哥：（装哭）（亲热）（演技大爆发）

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年羹尧：（眼前看着九阿哥）（脑子已经飘到千里之外的京城想起可爱的廉亲王)

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年羹尧：并没有说我已经堕其术中，但魅魔确实挺可爱的。嗯。

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魅魔的功力深厚，哪怕在物质上已经离去，精神上还存在于人们心中。

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具体体现为死了还能结党，可能目的是吸活人精气。

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这些人的名字，包括但不限于：鲁尔金、乌尔陈、苏尔金、库尔陈，法海、佛保、达尔当阿、托什、查弼纳，萧永藻、诺岷、高成龄、董永芠、四格、李凤翥、锡保，每个名字拿出来都是响当当的倒霉，哦不对，不能在魅魔面前卓然自立的愚蠢呀！

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甚至酒老师@不沾一滴酒 扒出来，都雍正十二年了，魅魔都去世八年了，大义觉迷录也被强制宣传好几年了，在雍正提拔的官员私下八卦里，邪恶的魅魔阿其那竟然还是【圣祖的八阿哥】【圣祖密旨说他确实好】

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太恐怖了，简直是脑控啊！怪不得说被魅魔骗一次终身受骗！
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雍正都崩溃了，说自己就没见过不会被魅魔蛊惑的汉子。

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尔若不为塞思黑之奸恶所欺骗，能坚持初到大同之心，则将为朕多加夸奖，可惜已枉然了，然而朕将宽恕之。若与阿其那、塞思黑在一处两个月，不为伊等奸计所动之汉子，不被欺骗之聪慧之人亦少矣。
朱批：此不过楚仲防汝之论耳，已被塞思黑之愚矣，与阿其那、塞思黑对面数日，有能不被二人之奸诈所愚者，朕未见也。
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九、全体清朝民众

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皇帝忍无可忍，把魅魔圈禁起来，免得魅魔又去勾引他人。

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结果民间居然传出谣言，说“八佛被囚，军民怨新主”，魅魔不知道为何被人当成了佛。

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皇帝崩溃了，怒发一万条反问：他哪里佛了？佛在哪里？where is 佛？

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阿其那等心怀奸恶，扰乱国政，煽惑人心，邀买美名，结交匪类，徧处称扬伊善，不过欺人而已，岂能欺上天皇考乎？阿其那等承欢皇考者何处？效力者何处？有裨国家者何处？利济军民者何处？施恩臣工者何处？有益兄弟者何处？且当皇考圣明在御之时，阿其那为皇子，何得交结外人，不曾与政事，有何善足称，遂至人目之为佛者，何故耶？
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清朝民众：对不起皇上，我们也已经堕其术中了。

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十、其实皇帝也被魅魔蛊惑了。

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那到底为什么会达成这个效果呢？

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因为皇帝本人也（曾）堕其术中，甚至房子都在魅魔的隔壁。

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历史上胤禛和胤禩的关系到底怎么样？

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把皇上四哥也算进去，那么单单前十二个序齿 + 未早夭的兄弟，被魅魔蛊惑到的就足足有六个了，占一半。（嗯。

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但皇帝精通觉迷技巧，凭借自己坚定的意志力爬了出来。

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哦！伟大的雍正帝！

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于是雍正帝汲取自身教训，号召大家一定要远离魅魔。结果一扭头，大家还是在堕其术中！

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哦，可怜的雍正帝！

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可惜的是哥们早年堕其术中的痕迹太多，骂个魅魔都要先把自己的存在从魅魔身边摘出去才能骂。

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甚至偶尔还不小心觉迷失败，吐露一些堕其术中的发言。

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年羹尧：并没有说我已经堕其术中，但魅魔确实挺可爱的。嗯。

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雍正：就是说！其他人真是丑妇效颦，万不及一！

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其允禟语无伦次，心地（朱批：秉性）浅诈，竭力做哭（朱批，虽诈，这还好）介而无眼泪，故为亲热煦煦孑孑之状，盖有意学廉亲王而（朱批：丑妇效颦，万不及一！）细致则远不及也。
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嗯，你让雍正承认魅魔貌比西施他是不会承认的，但要是别人试着学魅魔哭，雍正就会骂别人丑妇效颦了。

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中国人啊，如果只是想开天窗是得说要砸墙的 jpg
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好在他儿子乾隆帮他擦了屁股，编的《实录》里基本把雍正口不择言骂魅魔的痕迹全删掉了。

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十一、但另一个儿子就没那么省心了。

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三阿哥·又长高了·大清巨人·弘时，他命中注定的瑛贵人不在后宫。

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在真实历史中，他命中注定的瑛贵人在前朝，正是他的魅魔八叔。

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魅魔：三阿哥你要做什么？我是你的八叔！

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三阿哥：我就那么比不上皇阿玛吗？我心里有你，皇阿玛他老了！

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魅魔还没来得及答应（？）就被他爸圈起来了。（大悲）

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他爸雍正折腾八叔，给他折腾急眼了，跟他爸水灵灵地对着干，给爹气完了。

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早在雍正三年三月，雍正在给诸王的谕旨中就提出：“今尔诸宗室闻朕谕旨，心中以为是者有之，以为不是者亦有之，朕岂能必宗室皆以此旨为是而遵行乎，即朕之子亦不能保其必行。”雍正说，他所下达的谕旨，即使在皇家、皇族的宗室中，有人以为对，也有人以为不对而不执行。即使是自己的儿子，也不能保证其一定会执行。这个“朕之子”当然就是指弘时，说明弘时对其父的政策、行为，多有分歧乃至违抗，已确是事实。
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雍正：我给你高出亲王的待遇，你这小兔崽子胳膊肘还往外拐？！

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三阿哥：可是八叔就是魅……哦不是，八叔可是八叔啊！

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雍正：你既然要为你八叔求情，就去做他的儿子好了。

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我恨极了你们这帮被魅魔蛊惑的蠢货。
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尔等前为弘时请旨，时朕欲颁谕旨。朕禾念知弘时，断不可留内，故特颁旨诸王、大臣断决，以与允禩为子。今已将允禩治罪，掣回带子，从玉牒除名。将弘时既与伊为子，不能不掣回弘时之带子，著將弘时带子掣回。（此为朕深思依理所办之事，)尔等勿得屡加(妄)奏。{治一小人罪时，朕亦慎重，惟恐受冤枉,岂有将弘时强行治罪之理？}(要治允禩逐出宗室之罪，确实意外，此亦弘时之命。但弘时虽系允禩之子，若不交给他入管束，任其安行，亦有关系脸面之处。{将弘时}(其名亦令更改，将此)交付允裪，虽非叔子，仍准管养之。钦此。
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于是儿子乾隆上台后又开始给爹擦屁股。

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又谕、从前三阿哥、年少无知。性情放纵。行事不谨。皇考特加严惩。以教导朕兄弟等。使知儆戒。今三阿哥已故多年。朕念兄弟之谊。似应仍收入谱牒之内。
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大家：对啊，只是和魅魔在一起又有什么错呢。

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奏為查三阿哥從前原因阿其那獲罪株連，與本身獲罪撤去黃帶者不同。今已故多年，蒙皇上篤念兄弟之誼，仍收入譜牒，于情理允宜，應欽遵諭旨，將三阿哥仍載入玉牒。俟命下之日交與宗人府辦理。
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乾隆：其实我爸根本不想把魅魔逐出宗籍，他晚年提到这事就不开心，想后悔啊。

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乾隆：这样吧我们把八叔收回玉牒吧。

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圣心如日在天，固众所共仰也。迨皇考晚年，屡向朕谕及此事，辄愀然不乐，意颇悔之，若将留以有待者。朕即位之初，深有念于孔子三年无改之言，未敢遽易成案。今临御四十三年矣。……此事重大，朕若不言，后世子孙亦无敢言者。所有允祀、允禟二人，自不合还其原爵，仍当复其原名，收入玉牒，两人子孙亦当一并叙入。
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雍正：你个小兔崽子我 adlhaofaj**^KJYK7

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我当年哪里后悔了？！
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乾隆：对不起爸爸，可是我真的很怀念八叔。

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天啊，魅魔太可怕了，把皇帝逼成这样啊。太可怜了雍正。

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查看知乎讨论
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\"头图\"/
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哦，那必然是

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康熙他八儿子·雍正他八弟·八阿哥·贤得是时候·廉亲王·胤禩。

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根据不完全统计，他前前后后魅惑过的人有：

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一、亲兄弟若干1.大阿哥胤褆

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大阿哥是个能从传教士骂到亲伯父的无敌超雄，脑子不好使但极其暴躁。

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——然而老八却能跟他关系还可以。

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允禔在诸兄弟中与允禩关系较好，或许因为允禩曾被交给允禔的生母惠妃抚养过一段时间，且是康熙诸子中少见的外表柔善、谦逊之人，肯于在允禔面前做小伏低，能够和刚猛傲慢的长兄和睦。
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大阿哥这个人，他：

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幻想跟传教士 SM，把传教士吓晕：

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杜德美神父与皇子在一起时，（大）皇子对他说：“把刘应神父叫来，用鞭子好好教训他一顿，然后把他流放到鞑靼荒野去，这主意不错吧？”
when Fr. Jartoux was with the Prince, the Prince said to him: “Wouldn’t it be a good idea to summon Fr. Visdelou here, punish him with a beating, and consign him to the wilds of Tartary?”
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跟着亲伯父上战场，把亲伯父气晕：

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允禔首次出战准噶尔，身份是副将军，当时的三军主帅是他的亲伯父裕亲王福全。……可惜，允禔此行，不但未见结交什么可靠之人为生死袍泽，反而和秉性忠厚老实的伯父闹了很大矛盾：
康熙二十九年七月出兵，不到一个月，就和裕亲王“不相和谐，妄生事端”，并且“私行陈奏”，就是背地里向父皇告伯父的黑状。幸而康熙帝行事公正，并不偏信儿子，得知情况后，不顾自己丢脸，将允禔强行撤回北京，事后又百般弥合，才避免伯侄二人的矛盾完全公开化。
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跟亲妈的关系，也有点微妙：

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康熙就曾评价大阿哥胤禔“气质暴戾”，而大阿哥的母亲惠妃也曾向康熙哭诉，奏其“不孝，请置之于法”。
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结果他被爸爸痛骂不能当太子后，小伙顶着这么多不爽，大喝一声：

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我当不了那就让老八当啊！

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一废太子之后，本来在诸皇子中处于有利地位的允禔，把自己的愚昧粗狂表现得淋漓尽致。这不能不让人想起满洲政权尚在关外时的那些场景：皇太极去世后，合法性最强的皇子豪格与实力最强的皇弟多尔衮争夺大位，多尔衮假意推托谦让，母弟多铎却看着着急，当众断喝：你不当我当！允禔这一手“我当不了让老八当”，和多铎真有异曲同工之粗豪，关外遗风毕见。
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2.七阿哥胤祐

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到了雍正初年，胤禩还能哄得他七哥帮他打报告哩。

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给雍正气完了，说：

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“现在廉亲王处处学我！但凡有什么事能占便宜、钻空子，他就必然唆使允祐、允禟、允禵提出来，从中捞取好处，自己则充好人！比如允祐[1]，他都是什么时候分府的老户了，还要照此找补，这是什么体统？”

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兹廉王凡事必仿于朕，以朕为齐，凡有便宜事或稍许疏漏之事，必唆使淳王、贝子允禟、允禵提出，以捞取之，伊自己权充好人。虽为清廉王[1]，但系何时分府的老户，亦要照此找补，成何体统？
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哦，八阿哥可太魅魔……哦不对，太坏了！

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3.九阿哥胤禟

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同生共死的阿其那与塞思黑，关系自不必说。

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在胤禟的管家秦道然眼里，八阿哥简直就像是当着管账正宫的面操控杀猪盘骗钱的绿茶捞男。

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再八爷说自己穷，要九爷吩咐满丕帮盘缠，满丕应了，送了一万两，这是八爷的巧取处。
允禩也晓得允禟是庸才，其所以与他厚结的缘故，不过为他肯替允禩使钱，要借他钱财，收拾些人心，允禩每访得九流术士中有些异样的，便令心腹人招至家中，藏之密室，到打发出去的时节，便叫允禟送他银子，或一百两或二百两不等。这种人也多得紧，我时常听见送银子到允禩家里去的人向我说，所以我得知道。至于给的是什么人，我实不曾知道。
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我老公的钱啊！怎么给了你这种人！

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这都是我老公辛辛苦苦赚来的啊！！！
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到现在知乎里还有胤禟是不是被胤禩 PUA 了的问题。

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嗯，秦道然一定很想答。

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4.十阿哥胤䄉

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十阿哥的生母钮祜禄氏，是辅政大臣遏必隆之女、康熙帝继后孝昭仁皇后的亲妹妹。

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在康熙的众多皇子中，从生母地位上看，十阿哥仅次于太子，居于第二；

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而从外戚门第、势力上看，恐怕还要比太子更高一些。

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然而这样一个高贵的（？）阿哥，照样像个甜狗一样围着八哥转，被八哥蛊得晕头转向。

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还说什么：八阿哥，你是我们的主子，你可要多多照顾我们啊！

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我与塞思黑、允禵同向阿其那云：尔乃我等之主，后日须怜㸔我等。阿其那闭一目而笑。
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5.十四阿哥胤祯

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十四阿哥胤祯，跟雍正同个妈，是雍正铁打的同母亲弟弟。

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他从康熙四十七年开始，就像条甜狗一样跟着他八哥，观之十分震撼。

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在康熙锁拿允禩的时候，胤祯积极为胤禩辩护。

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老父亲气得要死，拔刀而出，差点将亲儿子当场手刃。

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康熙四十七年。九月。
壬寅。上召诸皇子入乾清宫。谕曰当废允礽之时。朕已有上□日诸阿哥中如有钻营谋为皇太子者即国之贼。法断不容。废皇太子后。允禔曾奏称允禩好。春秋之义人臣无将将则必诛。大宝岂人可妄行窥伺者耶。允禩柔奸性成、妄蓄大志朕素所深知。其党羽早相要结谋害允礽。今其事皆已败露。著将允禩锁拏交与议政处审理。皇九子允禟语皇十四子允禵云，尔我此时不言何待。允禵奏云：八阿哥无此心，臣等愿保之。上震怒。出所佩刀欲诛允禵。皇五子允祺跪抱劝止。诸皇子叩首恳求。上怒少解。命诸皇子挞允禵。将允禟、允禵逐出。　
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可怜的胤祯被兄弟们打了二十大板，被老爹轰出宫去，他依旧不改。

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甚至自负枷锁、身怀毒药，要是有什么不测，就要和八哥一块去死。

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被轰出宫去之后，允禵还不罢休，准备相约众皇子一起为允禩保奏。他还让人准备了一副枷锁，跟在被锁起来的允禩身后，以示共患难之意；甚至随身携带毒药，直到允禩被释放之日，才当众取出扔掉。
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康熙都服了，直接把他踢出宫去分府，本来皇子分配府邸会有的头一年支给食物待遇都不好。

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康熙朝惯例，阿哥分府的第一年由宫里支给食物，第二年开始靠自己。十四分府时父子关系紧张，待遇就不太好，后来出兵时关系逆转，颇受关爱，就主动要求支食物。
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他反倒自豪起来了，把自己拿命来保八阿哥这件事到处跟兄弟们说。

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胤禩也乐呵呵地答：多亏我的几个弟弟了。

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因有令阿其那相面之事，为圣祖皇帝治罪。时允禵将舍命完结之事，常常告诉臣等。阿其那亦曾告诉：当获罪时，因诸弟之帮助而受益。
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别的兄弟来看望他，要是刚刚好胤禩在，就看见他对胤禩处处照顾，让别人直呼恶俗。

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臣去允禵府第，遇有阿奇那在时，允禵对阿奇那照样行动照管者，迂俗可厌，连跟随阿奇那之太监皆格外照管。
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康熙不给他随驾，他死活偏要去，还三番两次奏请，就是要跟着去。

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康熙服了，说：看你这要死要活的劲，哪是想跟着我啊，你就是想跟着你八哥。

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皇考駕幸熱河，特㫖命允禩不論班行走，衆阿哥分為三班行走，而允禵乃抵死欲去，屢次奏請，奉皇考諭㫖：觀爾抵死欲去之意，豈欲隨朕，亦不過欲隨八阿哥去耳。後輪至第三班，特㫖令其停止，乃仍不肯遵，畢竟隨去。
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不得不说康熙说得太对了，胤祯就是想跟着他八哥。

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下次换成八阿哥在京城，他被爸爸带出去，他立刻就又不走了。

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\"\"
到底是想跟着谁呢好难看出来啊。（那种语气）
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及值允禩母妃事出，於康熈五十三年夏月，留允禩在京，命帶允禵前去，而伊又設法留京，彼時允禩理宜勸止允禵，乃竟不行勸止，一任允禵屢次觸忤皇考。
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康熙发难胤禩的时候，他跟胤禩说“我们要死就一起死”。

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圣祖皇帝幸冬狩时，执阿其那之侍卫太监，将阿其那遣返时，允禵曾告诉臣言，允禵至阿其那处言称：我等死则一起死。等语。
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康熙不给别人去见胤禩，他偷偷去不说，还要帮别人打招呼，别人说要是被康熙听见了对谁都不好啊，他嘿嘿一笑说：是啊！

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奉圣祖皇帝谕旨：阿其那惑乱众心，意行甚奸，著逐出不令再见之。钦此。其后，允禵隐瞒圣祖皇帝，仍潜往阿其那处不断。允禵曾传话称，见阿其那时，问臣好。等语。时臣言：虽有亲临问好之意，但圣祖皇帝闻之，对谁都不好。等语。时允禵微笑言：是。
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八阿哥给他写了封信，央求他用手底下某人，他立马就对此人另眼相看了。

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那木札尔称，安王给老爷送一信，云云。我当即拆开来信，内开，吾已央求八阿哥曰：吾门下副都统宗札布，现在军营，请转求十四阿哥，若能照顾，请多关照。八阿哥已央求十四阿哥。云云。自我收到此信之后，观察其情，允禵已另眼看待我。
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四哥的圣旨他不跪，八阿哥出来只说他该跪，他一句话没说，扑通一声跪下了。

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阿其那见众人共议允禵之非。乃向允禵云，汝应下跪。便寂然无声而跪。不遵皇上谕旨。止重阿其那一言。结党背君，公然无忌。
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不仅如此，他俩还直接结为契友了。

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谈论不惜自己互相照顾为大义时，阿其那此辈已互相结为契友。
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《雍正王朝》里他俩塑料得要命，回看历史雍正帝自己给胤祯列的所谓十四项大罪，前三条每条都是几个大字：

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你 和 胤 禩 太 近 了

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1. 允禵性质狂悖。与阿其那尤相亲密。圣祖仁皇帝于二阿哥之案。将阿其那拏问时。召入众阿哥。谕以阿其那谋夺东宫之罪。现交议政究审。允禵与塞思黑、同向圣祖仁皇帝之前。允禵奏云、阿其那并无此心。若将阿其那问罪。我等愿与同罪。圣祖仁皇帝震怒。拔佩刀欲杀允禵。经允祺力劝稍解。将允禵重加责惩。与塞思黑一并逐出。众所共知者一也。
2. 康熙四十八年夏、圣祖仁皇帝避暑口外。恐伊等聚党生事。止令阿其那跟随行走。允禵敝帽故衣。坐小车。装作贩卖之人。私送出口。日则潜踪而随。夜则至阿其那帐房歇宿。密语通霄。踪迹诡异。众所共知者一也。
3. 圣祖仁皇帝知允禵昏愚狂妄。必生事端。因遣往军前。使不得朋匪为恶。而允禵与阿其那、塞思黑、密信往来。曾无间断。机计莫测。众所共知者一也。
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6.其实还有一个兄弟也堕其术中

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但我要卖个关子，暂按不表。

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二、亲爹

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别看后面父子二人闹得那么僵，其实八儿子从小把亲爹蛊得不要不要的。

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在亲爹眼里，八阿哥从小开始，就对才艺展示颇有一些天赋。

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二十六年六月，康熙帝带领7 岁的允禩与其他几位较其稍长的皇子，来到皇太子允礽的书房，让他们分别在诸大臣前诵读经书。
允禩等人以次近前，各读数篇，童音朗朗，舒缓纯熟。康熙帝倍感欣慰，诸臣赞叹不已。
是年八月，允禩第一次随康熙帝巡幸塞外，在此次随扈皇子中年龄最小。
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他十二岁时，随着两位哥哥前往山东祭孔，这时又展现了相看马匹的天赋。

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康熙帝舍去较允禩年长的皇五子允祺和皇七子允祐，选派允禩随同两位皇兄前往，自有深意。允禩尚在少年，已具有骑术精湛，善于相马等特长。途中，凡由京城送至马匹，首先由允禩试骑，其后再定是否由允祉、胤禛等骑用。
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亲爹统兵亲征噶尔丹，八阿哥屁颠屁颠跟着出征。

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他们在鄂尔多斯围猎，因猎获野兔极多，康熙甚感惊奇，写信给皇太子，详细描述了打猎的情况。

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谕皇太子：十二日，驻跸宽托洛惠。本设双层围，兔雉丰盛，不可言状。朕四十多岁何处未行，未见如此兔丰。放围无分主仆，唯猎射，并无闲暇，朕殪一百三十八只，大阿哥殪五十九只，三阿哥殪五十五只，八阿哥殪五十只。裕亲王殪二十只，北围殪五只，为极少者。
……十三日驻跸。本两层围猎，雉少，兔与十二日同。自朕躬以下至猎人，前日殪兔力竭，手指皆肿而不能射，朕殪八十三只，大阿哥殪四十一只，三阿哥殪四十三只，八阿哥殪三十九只，打围人共殪一千四百四十二只。未计鄂尔多斯猎人所殪数额，……
十六日驻跸吉格苏泰。设双层围场，雉甚多，兔与前同。朕殪一百二十二只，大阿哥殪五十九只，三阿哥殪五十五只，八阿哥殪五十四只，裕亲王殪二十二只，围场之人殪一千二百十五只。未计蒙古人围猎之数。
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大阿哥、三阿哥都是骑射功夫极好的皇子。

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大阿哥才七岁，就能射中老虎。

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康熙十八年年底，玄烨在南苑行围，“纵虎出圈，命众驱逐，皇第五子保清（大阿哥乳名）亲射，中之”。保清即皇长子胤禔，当时也只有 7 周岁。这样年幼的孩子追射凶猛异常的老虎，尽管旁边有人保护，也要冒很大危险，足见玄烨在培养儿子方面，具有不同一般为父之人的胆魄。
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不同于刻板印象里的书呆子，三阿哥的骑射，甚至还要好过大阿哥。

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皇三子胤祉的弓箭和枪法，还要超过他的两位兄长，无论参加行围或较射，他往往是命中率最高的射手之一。据马国贤神甫回忆，玄烨晚年在热河时，喜欢在围猎之余，“观看他的满洲摔跤手们角斗，也常常命令他的孙子们及其他高级将领在他面前进行较射。有时，他甚至加入与他的第三个儿子(胤祉)比赛的行列，因为这个儿子的箭法几乎同他父亲一样好”。
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从胤禩所射兔的数量与大阿哥、三阿哥几乎相同可见，胤禩的骑射功夫也十分不错。

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而最使胤禩从诸位阿哥中脱颖而出，成为亲爹爱子的，则是他出类拔萃的管理能力。

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三十五年二月，康熙帝第一次亲征噶尔丹。15 岁的胤禩，在 6 位随征皇子中年龄最小。

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亲征期间，他跟随康熙帝身边，奉命管理火器营，并得到了父亲的“嘉美诗”。

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戎行亲莅制机宜，栉沐风霜总不辞，随侍晨昏依帐殿，焦劳情事尔应知。
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“你早晚都在我的营帐边随侍左右，

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我为国事的焦虑与辛劳，你应当最能理解呀。”

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是年九月份，康熙帝第二次亲征噶尔丹，从第一次随征的 6 位皇子中挑选 3 人带往。

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四阿哥、五阿哥、七阿哥落选，大阿哥、三阿哥和八阿哥再次随征。

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足以见得，胤禩的表现，给康熙留下了深刻印象。

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\"\"
我儿子真好。
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他受封贝勒，以及大阿哥、三阿哥受封郡王，都是因为三人在随驾亲征噶尔丹的表现，以及平时的印象，都非常不错。

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八阿哥受封贝勒的当年，经康熙帝指婚，娶安亲王岳乐的外孙女郭络罗氏为嫡福晋。

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郭络罗氏母家的背景，可谓非常深厚。她的外公安亲王岳乐，可谓是清朝顺治、康熙年间功勋卓著的名将。顺治帝一度想把皇位传给他，在平定三藩之乱的时候，他更是立下了汉马功劳。

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康熙择选具有如此母家背景之人为儿媳，惟有当他对该子印象甚佳时，方会为之。

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之后八阿哥惹爹生气，爹左忍右忍，终于忍不了了——

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于是把气全撒在了儿媳和她的舅舅们身上。

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允祀素受制于妻，其妻系安郡王岳乐之女所出，安郡王因谄媚辅政大臣，遂得亲王。其妃系索额图之妹，世祖皇帝时记名之女子。其子马尔浑、景熙、吴尔占等，俱系允祀妻之母舅，并不教训允祀之妻，任其嫉妒行恶，是以允祀迄今尚未生子。
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爹：都怪你们不管好我儿媳！

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八福晋：？

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\"\"
个死老头把我当你们 play 的一环是吧？
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从此以后的十年，胤禩一直受到父皇的宠爱和倚重。

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单单这十年里，他拉过的重要磨就有：

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1.管理广善库，所得成就获得裕亲王的赞赏。

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康熙帝曾让允禩管理广善库。允禩借此机会广结人缘，充分施展才干。康熙帝与其兄裕亲王福全自幼感情笃深，后者逝于四十二年六月。“裕亲王病时，曾以广善库为因，力荐允禩有才有德。”福全的看法对康熙帝会产生一定影响。
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2.他和三阿哥一块审理索额图。

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康熙四十二年，太子党的头号人物索额图被拘禁，康熙皇帝在巡行途中手书密旨，派人连夜交给三阿哥允祉和八阿哥允禩，命他们二人秘密审理索额图，并抓捕其同党。这一年允禩只有二十二岁，能够接受这样重大的政治任务，足见康熙帝对他的信任。
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一废太子的时候，胤禩更是风光无两。

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3.他先是和胤禛一起，被留在京城代理政事——名字居然还在他的四哥前面。

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这在严格遵循长幼尊卑的古代，是意义极其特殊的。

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4.在允礽的乳公凌普被从内务府总管一职撤下后，胤禩不但承担了内务府总管的职责，甚至还负责了查抄凌普。

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康熙四十七年一废太子时，康熙帝命允禩、胤禛二人留京办事，其中允禩署理内务府总管，名字也罕见地被列在了兄长胤禛之前。
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毙鹰事件大家应该都多少有所耳闻。

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八阿哥不听话，给亲爹气完了，大骂：他竟敢还上奏说自己冤枉，他冤枉在哪里？！！！

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伊摺内奏称冤抑。试问伊所谓冤抑者何在。
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但大家估计不太知道：

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康熙还写过一封给家人的信，信中为允禩呈献毙鹰一事开脱。。

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亲爹：我知道他冤枉在哪里。

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\"\"
姑息之爱大爆发 jpg
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三、妈妈们1.养母惠妃

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还是毙鹰事件，还是大家应该不太知道的是：

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毙鹰事件之后，惠妃为了八阿哥，甚至跟康熙大吵一架，吵到外省的督抚都有所耳闻，上奏询问。。

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比如他的养母惠妃，虽然别有亲子允禔，但显然对允禩的关爱更甚。允禔被囚禁时，惠妃“亦奏称其不孝，请置之于法”，无论是真心还是忍痛，毕竟做出了支持康熙帝决策的表态。到康熙五十三年，康熙帝因为“毙鹰事件”痛责允禩，父子之间几乎恩断义绝，而此时的惠妃，或为保护养子起见，与皇帝发生激烈争执，以致外省督抚都有所耳闻。
奴才服思，惠妃主子之事，圣主必是叹恨。然圣主已有年纪，若多烦闷，恐御体必受苦累。——云贵总督郭严奏折
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嗯，养母为了养子跟丈夫大吵一架的含金量……

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后来雍正继位，母妃都要出宫由儿子们赡养。惠妃乐呵呵地就跑到八阿哥家里住了。

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慧妃母妃、乃大阿哥之生母、允禩之慈母也。允禩少時、即為慧妃母妃所撫養。朕因大阿哥獲罪禁鋼。其諸子又少不知事。意欲奉養於允禩之邸。因遣人詢問慧妃母妃。慧妃母妃欣然允從。
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2.全体妈妈们

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在雍正看来，八阿哥甚至还把所有妈妈们都给蛊惑了！

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雍正想死都想不明白为啥自己登基三年母妃没一个来看自己，差人都没差过。

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想了想又把锅推给八阿哥。

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肯定是胤禩的问题！是胤禩让妈妈们都不来看我！

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都是魅魔的问题！

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彼时允祹、酌议诸位母妃移府之礼。允祹议奏内、有朕思念诸位母妃之时、即令入宫相见等语。朕以诸位母妃、岂有召入相见之礼。深责允祹之非。迄今三年以来、诸位母妃、未曾遣人至朕前一问起居。诸位母妃、深居府中、一切皆诸王主持。此必允禩从中阻挠。诸王亦遂观望不前耳。
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四、亲伯父&堂弟

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皇子们唯一的亲伯父，康熙唯一的哥哥，裕亲王福全，也深深受到他八侄子的蛊惑。

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前文提到，在这些侄子中，大阿哥和他这个亲伯父的关系尤为不好。太子胤礽与自己这位宽厚温和，谦虚自持的亲伯父，亦关系不佳。

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而本答中的大魅魔八阿哥，蛊得他力荐“有才有德”、“心性好，不务矜夸”。

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这一份支持，甚至还在一定程度上左右过康熙的决定。

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一废太子期间，玄烨谈到胤禩时说：“…… 乃若八阿哥之为人，诸臣奏称其贤，裕亲王存日亦曾奏言八阿哥心性好，不务矜夸。”有的学者指出，福全去世前，曾向玄烨揭发皇太子胤礽的种种劣迹，同时赞扬胤禩聪明能干，品行端正，建议玄烨立后者为储君。这次谈话后不久，胤礽的主要支持者索额图即被拘禁，看来玄烨已考虑皇兄的建言，认为胤禩 “是可以代替胤礽做皇太子的人选之一。”
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而他的儿子，继承了他的王爵的保泰，也从小与魅魔的关系最为亲昵友好。

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被康熙帝养在宫中、待如亲子的侄儿保泰就和八阿哥允禩关系最好。
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甚至到了雍正初年，保泰还在为了八阿哥和八阿哥的党羽跟雍正作对。

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雍正气完了，骂他小时候教保泰算术，保泰居然不感恩。

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况保泰幼年初在大内行走之时，皇考令朕教习经书算法，率领指示行走。保泰受朕思顾甚深。又伯母之事，伊全家俱赖朕成全。朕藩邸人皆知之也。朕于保泰，所施之恩，伊此生何可负哉？
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五、以妻族为首的一大堆宗室亲戚

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这帮宗室亲戚，对魅魔八阿哥堪称鞍前马后，死活都要跟着八阿哥。

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我啊，现在只想做八王子的狗，做八王子的狗真的是太好了……
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近亲有之前提到的那堆兄弟、亲爹、亲妈养妈其他妈、亲伯父裕亲王福全、亲堂哥裕亲王保泰和堂侄子广宁外，还有亲伯叔恭亲王常宁的后代镇国公满都护；

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魅魔他老婆是安亲王岳乐的亲孙女，从小被外公接到家里养，几个舅舅把她宠上天了，魅魔也沾了喜气，蛊惑得这帮子舅舅乐颠颠地给他当枪使，把复立的太子拉下马。

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五十年八月，托合齐举办党派宴会。过后不久，八福晋的舅舅景熙便乘机上奏，轻飘飘地指控托合齐在“安郡王丧期一周年已过、 二周年未满”的时候，均与官员宴饮，未依例为安郡王服丧, 有悖属人礼制。
托合齐只是在除服后, 于二十七个月丧期内宴饮, 不算什么重罪，更何况康熙一向比较宽厚，这样的罪名不会让托合齐受什么大苦的；但查下去却发现，这次会饮所参加的人大有问题。
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远一点的宗亲，什么八大铁帽子王之一简亲王雅尔江阿和他儿子镇国公永谦、褚英后代贝子苏努与镇国公阿布兰、奉恩辅国公灏善的后代汝福与佛保、贝子鲁宾等等，

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数都数不完的宗亲，都变成了魅魔的狗，魅魔拿牵引绳牵都牵不过来。

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六、传教士

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作为康熙颇为宠信的一小支外国团体，传教士特别喜欢吃瓜，而且经常吃到大瓜。

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在他们口中，八阿哥的画风是这样的：

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正如我所说，皇长子最怕的就是第八子，人们普遍认为他是上天赐给政府的礼物。
As I said, more than any other of his brothers the Prince fearedthe eighth-born son, by common consent a young man who was Heaven's gift to government.
根据皇帝陛下的指令，他向老亲王历数长长一串他的先辈所犯的罪过，他责备老亲王这一支脉的世世代代始终都暗地里和当政的这一支脉作对。当念到老亲王本身的过错时，……详细列举了他当上了旗帅以后所犯的好几个错误，其中有当年已故皇帝废黜皇太子，征求大臣们意见，以图另改选一位亲王时，老亲王投了八阿哥① 的票。
① 即已故皇帝的第八子。所有的大臣们不管是满族还是汉族都赞同他当皇太子，所以，如果说这是一个错误的话，那大家都犯了同一错误。—— 原注
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传教士：根据我们所得信息判断，所有人都忍不住对上天赐给清朝的礼物犯错了。

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七、朝鲜人

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作为明朝的藩属国，朝鲜阴暗地认为清朝就是得位不正。

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于是，在几乎整个康朝，朝鲜都在积极发掘你清药丸的证据：

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康熙坏啊！太坏了！你清药丸！

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康熙天天打猎瞎玩，荒淫无道，你清药丸！
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康熙性情暴躁，你清药丸！
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康熙居然节俭，不可能，肯定是抠门，你清药丸！
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天啊康熙只懂满文，你清药丸！
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什么康熙居然会汉文，你清药丸！
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天啊太子这个德行，你清药丸！
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当然，朝鲜人不傻，知道康熙比较好，只是不肯承认。

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谁喜欢康熙我们孤立谁，因为你清药丸！
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直到雍正上位之后，他们对康熙的风评才好转回来：

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康熙好啊，太好啊，好极了啊！
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在这种情况下，朝鲜人（在康熙本朝）对胤禩的态度居然是：

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皇子们都望之没有人形，但其中皇八子好像好那么一点，也不是说就很好啦，就是好一点。嗯。
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朝鲜人：对不起，我们也对上天赐给清朝的礼物犯错了。

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八、大臣1.康熙朝的大臣

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大臣们被魅魔蛊惑得命都不要了，就跟着皇上对着干。

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康熙朝一废太子的时候，所有人不顾康熙暗示，就是要立八阿哥。

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这样的结果，对在位近五十年，自以为对朝廷局面如臂使指的康熙皇帝会产生怎样的打击，读者自可想见。自己培植、任用的满朝文武，居然为了一个年轻、没有功绩、母家卑微的允禩而揣着明白装糊涂，不惜悖逆自己的圣意，这是多么令人恐惧而且不可思议的事啊！
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康熙急眼了，放弃了所有繁文缛节，就要复立废太子。

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于是就连康熙朝的重臣、老臣，康熙帝的母舅、岳父，“佟半朝”佟国维都因为小小一只魅魔，公然跟康熙开干：

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你一直以来做得很好，但把储君的废立当儿戏，是不是有点离大谱了？咱能不能说话算话？

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皇上办事精明，天下人无不知晓，断无错误之处。此事于圣躬关系甚大，若日后皇上易于措处，祈速赐睿断，或日后难于措处，亦祈速赐睿断，总之将原定主意熟虑施行为善。
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-

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清代校勘学“创始的人”何焯，康熙朝的时候供职于武英殿修书，被康熙指派为八阿哥的伴读。

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何焯这个人刚正耿直，光明磊落，原则强烈，脾气很火爆，一连跟自己的两任老师闹得都很不愉快。

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然而，面对魅魔的攻势，何焯立马堕其术中了，连女儿都送给魅魔一家抚养。

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先生回南路上平安，何日到家？我家内外人等俱好，女先生亦好。先生女儿在此极好，更不必挂怀。
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-

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康熙宠臣李光地，到了康熙朝末期，还在那里：几个王子里面，八阿哥最贤能呀~

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大学士李光地告假回闽，今又奉特旨带病进京，闻系为立储之事诏彼密议，奴才闻知惊心，特于彼处相探，彼云“目下诸王，八王最贤”等语。
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-

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康熙宠臣明珠的儿子揆叙，学问甚好，谨慎敦厚，康熙看着就喜欢，天天念叨，不幸过世得早，于是念叨得更多了，送他谥号“文端”。

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（揆叙）议论识鉴词藻压倒诸人， 朕昔知为满洲第一，今日汉人中亦推第一矣。
掌院下世再欲得如此（揆叙）一人，良不易得。
毕，上又曰： “翰林院学士甚属紧要，自揆叙没后，朕再四思维，并不得称此职之人。必须学问优长，善于钤束，不畏人之人，方好。”
上又曰： “揆叙学问甚好，为人甚是谨慎敦厚，殊属可惜。朕因伊年少，并未当面嘉奖，不特朕惜之，即诸人无有不惜之者。”
大学士马齐奏曰：“揆叙年少老成，不但学问好，九卿及议政之事亦甚好。伊记性远胜臣等，不惟皇上深惜，举朝满汉大臣官员俱为惜之。一闻其没，俱往吊唁。”
内阁学士常鼐奏曰： “揆叙所学不但超出满洲之中，即汉人中亦少。”
上曰：“然。诚为可惜。”
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当然这样一位美好的小伙，他其实也被魅魔轻轻地蛊惑，跟康熙对着干。

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及二阿哥既废。揆叙与廷臣、暗通消息。各人手心俱写一八字。众所共知者一也。
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-

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康熙的宠臣阿灵阿，太师遏必隆第七子，孝昭仁皇后之弟，康熙喜欢极了，时不时送点什么，生病后派御医调治，还命公主做饭赏赐给他。

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阿灵阿去世后，康熙深为可惜，让好几个皇子都给他送灵。

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康熙年间倚重的重臣，“凡一切军机奏议无不恰合上心，一时大臣无有出其右者。圣祖仁皇帝恩遇甚隆，常赐上方动用之件及上亲乘名马。”康熙四十三年，赐御书“崇先裕后”匾额命皇十子胤䄉来悬。康熙五十五年三月，得疾，即遣御医调治，复赐御制药教以调养，康熙又亲占易卦甚吉，特谕晓之，后病稍愈。康熙驾至边外，病之好坏令每日奏闻，不时遣内侍看视。因服药无效，不思饮食，康熙命二公主（固伦荣宪公主）制饭赐之。围内所得狍鹿等鲜物赐之。时有西洋名医奉诏看视。至十月二十一日卒，享年四十七岁。康熙闻之，甚为悼惜，著左翼王贝勒吊唁，遣镶黄旗一旗大臣侍卫至奠茶酒，赐上驷马四匹，银两千两，令分属九佐领官兵俱穿孝服。皇太后（孝惠章皇后）遣首领赐茶饭，妃嫔皆遣首领赐茶奠酒至发引前一日遣首领送灵。发引之日，康熙命皇四子胤禛、皇五子胤祺、皇十子胤䄉，皇十七子胤礼以及镶黄一旗大臣侍卫护送，又命十七阿哥福晋亦送至墓所。追谥敏恪立碑墓上。
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虽然康熙那么宠爱他，但他也被魅魔蛊惑，犯了错。

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康熙五十三年冬、圣祖仁皇帝驻跸遥亭。……圣祖仁皇帝愤怒。严讯伊之护卫、及太监等。朋党奸谋。尽行显露。其太监冯进朝、供称鄂伦岱、阿灵阿、系伊逆党。
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不止他本人，他的儿子也子承父业，被魅魔蛊惑得颠三倒四，官都不做了也要跟皇帝对着干。

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况此奸党之风。如阿灵阿之子阿尔松阿、苏努之子勒什享等、皆继其父志、而奸恶过焉。似此毫无忌惮。父子相承。先后济恶。实为国家之大患。
阿尔松阿往天津料理监务时，甚属明白可嘉，以为可而用之，乃降旨之时，疑欲杀伊，抵死固辞。
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还有更多更多，数不胜数的康朝大臣们，全部都对魅魔八阿哥犯了错，没给爹留下啥人。

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对不起，皇上，你儿子真香。
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2.雍正朝大臣

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雍正朝的大臣更不得了了，别说基本操作之为了维护魅魔跟皇帝对着干了，魅魔都死了，他们心里还装着个魅魔，继续跟皇帝对着干。

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对不起，皇上，你弟弟真香。
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佟国纲的儿子鄂伦岱，仗着自己是皇亲国戚，天王老子来了也不服，上怼康熙雍正两任皇帝，下虐弟弟法海。

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他爸佟国纲[2]被这个儿子气疯了，上奏康熙，要求康熙把这个儿子杀了算数。

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然而，显赫的身份带给鄂伦岱却是刚愎自用，狂傲不羁的性格弱点，就连他的父亲佟国纲都不被他放在眼里。两人是关系极为不佳，经常性的争执，以至于佟国纲不惜上奏康熙“请诛其子”，弄得满堂皆知，佟家颜面无存。
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结果他爸康熙二十九年战死，马革裹尸，为了体恤他家，康熙还是把他爸的爵位承袭给了鄂伦岱。（笑死了）

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康熙二十九年（1690 年），佟国纲在“乌兰布通之战”中死战殉国，鄂伦岱却袭承了佟国纲的一等公的爵位，不知道此时的佟国纲如果泉下有知的话，会不会死不瞑目。
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他弟弟法海出身下贱，是佟国纲的侍婢所生。鄂伦岱十分看不起法海，百般虐待，甚至还不给法海的生母入祖坟。

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面对如此优秀的弟弟，鄂伦岱只是因为他的卑微的出身就对其母子颇为歧视，特别是在佟国纲去世后，鄂伦岱更加的肆无忌惮、任意虐待。甚至在法海的母亲去世后，鄂伦岱还不准其葬入佟家祖坟。这样就使得鄂伦岱与法海这对兄弟之间结下了深仇大恨，从此是老死不相往来。
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康熙拿他当侍卫，他把康熙当表哥。

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好消息：他俩确实是亲戚。

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坏消息：鄂伦岱连他爸都不吊，那么他对表哥的看法是_______？

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答：照样不吊，请安都不请，就在旁边跟别的侍卫射箭玩儿，气得康熙骂他：小兔崽子你是真找死啊？

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信不信我今个代替你爸教训你？
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鄂伦岱选择——？

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答：鄂伦岱选择了无视。

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及在热河皇考圣体违和之时，并未请安一次，其意颇以为快，在热河宫门前每日较射欢笑。其后皇考于行围地方向鄂伦岱云：尔甚无恩情，尔所作之罪不可胜数，实为可杀之人。伊承旨之下毫无畏惧，倨傲如故，亲随侍卫等不胜愤恨，人人髪指，因此皇考愤懑终日。
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康熙气完了，一条条数他的罪过，叫人拿鞭子抽他。

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在热河时，皇考圣体甚是违和，大臣侍卫等俱请安求瞻仰圣颜。惟鄂伦岱并不请安，且率同乾清门侍卫等，每日较射游戏。鄂伦岱罪恶多端，皇考行围哨鹿时悉数其罪，令侍卫五哥鞭责之。
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到了雍正朝，面对表哥的儿子，鄂伦岱选择——

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答：照样吊也不吊。

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雍正对佟佳氏加恩，他不奏谢。

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伊之父祖朕俱厚加恩典，冀其悛改过恶，为朕出力。而鄂伦岱结党之心坚如金石，并无感激报效之念。以为朕之加恩于其父祖皆因隆科多之力所致，与己无涉，在朕前并无一语奏谢。
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雍正整顿吏治，清除异己，搞得差不多了，群臣都在下面陪笑脸，就只有他一个人低头冷笑。

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朕每召诸王大臣等颁发谕旨，鄂伦岱从未有一次点首心服。前召旗下大臣面谕云，近日是臣等办事将从前积习已改十之七八，若再整顿一二年便可全改。朕尝虑向来恶习恐非诛戮一二人不能挽回，今看来可不用诛戮矣，为此朕心甚喜，诸臣无不点首喜动颜色，惟鄂伦岱略无喜容，俯首冷笑。彼时朕即欲降旨诘责，已而中止。
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雍正问他手下有个人做事如何，他压根不认识这个人就说这人平常。

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雍正骂他：你胡说。

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他直接说：我就是胡说啊。给雍正气晕了。

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昨因办理旗下之事，在众人前将一原当侍卫之人问鄂伦岱：此人何如？鄂伦岱并未认识妄奏云：此人平常。朕责以尔在皇考时身为大臣存心狡狯，只知顾惜身家，不肯实心出力，苟且欺罔，朕所稔知，此等处朕屡经开谕，毫不悛改。今日在众人前又如此诳奏，是诚何意？鄂伦岱奏云：我信口回奏。含忿摇头，故激朕怒。
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他甚至在乾清门院子里掀开衣服就尿，把雍正气死了。

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又一年元旦清晨，在乾清门院内掀衣而溺，朕见之骇异，知其行同畜类。
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雍正顾忌他是太后、太皇太后两任国舅爷的后人，搞了容易被骂不孝，不然早掐死他了。

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就这样一个人，一个拽哥，一个天底下头等无君无父的法外狂徒，

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他面对魅魔展现出了如何的定力呢？

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答：无定力，已狠狠堕其术中。

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\"\"
就是这个八阿哥爽！
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康熙被八儿子送的老鹰气完了，审问八儿子的下属，问谁是魅魔的党羽，下属当场指认了鄂伦岱。

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他没话说了还要硬说，跪在旁边，也不管自己能不能回话，直接丢给人家一个问句：你说我与你主子一党，你主子与过我何物？

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圣怒当日因允禩得罪在要亭地方，将伊门下太监审讯。太监云：阿灵阿、鄂伦岱乃我主子之党，问他二人便知。彼时阿灵阿、鄂伦岱在傍，俱无言可辩，顔色改变良久，但称：我既系你主子之党，平日曽送过何物？你主子曽赏过我何物？
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回头康熙越想越气[3]，回宫的时候沿途一直在骂鄂伦岱，走了三十里就骂了三十里，一直没消气。

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鄂伦岱叼都不叼。

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当时还只是雍亲王的雍正：……？

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\"\"
这，这对吗……？
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次年春，皇考从霸州回銮，自行宫起身至南红门，言及鄂伦岱等结党之事，皇考震怒，沿途切责鄂伦岱，行至三十里而圣怒未解。鄂伦岱悍然不知畏惧，亦无一毫爱君之心，朕在旁悚惕不安之甚，
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雍正忍不住了，要拉人劝劝康熙，结果康熙从旁边出来，鄂伦岱甚至变本加厉，以至于康熙看到他的脸就开喷。

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得亏是劝住了，不然又有好戏看呢。（不是

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及圣驾出，而鄂伦岱仍悍然向前迎立以触圣怒，致皇考复严加切责，娄徵额进前奏劝，朕遂泣奏云：皇父圣体初愈，此等悖逆之人何足屡烦圣怒，乱臣贼子自有国法，若交与臣便可即行诛戮。因朕恳奏再三，皇考之怒方解。
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到了雍正朝，鄂伦岱还是横着走，对魅魔的宠爱（？）也变本加厉，倾身回护，代替魅魔上奏。

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之前子承父业，同堕八阿哥术中的阿尔松阿也来帮腔，两人就这样一起违抗皇帝。

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于是鄂伦岱甚至抗衡圣旨，将雍正给的圣旨丢在地板上，将死罪揽在己身，悍傲已极。

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朕即位以来效法皇考，仍不念其罪恶，施恩保全。乃伊每事扰乱，倾身回护阿其那，因阿其那佐领一事，在外于众人前一番议论，在内代伊启奏，显露悖逆之状，将朕所交硃批谕旨掷于乾清门地上，在朕前举止抗横，为人臣者当如是乎？
朕有硃批谕旨降与阿尔松阿者，令鄂伦岱转交，乃鄂伦岱于乾清门众人前将朕旨掷之于地，且极力党护阿尔松阿，将其死罪承认在身，愍不畏死，顽悍已极。
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雍正破大防。

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鄂伦岱：可魅魔就是魅魔啊，你算鸡毛。（抠鼻

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-

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额尔金是十阿哥的长史，也在魅魔主管的上驷院工作。

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仗着自己是魅魔的人，对皇帝就开始傲慢无礼啊！太坏了！

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额尔金在上驷院行走时，依附允禩，为其党与。所以敢在朕前傲慢者，恃有此耳。伊实为允禩党内凶悍之人，愈见皇考知人之明，昭昭不爽。朕之复用额尔金，甚属错误。
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-

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有个武会元叫金昆，雍正想要用他，把他安排到魅魔主管的工部下。

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没想到魅魔看见金昆这孔武有力的肌肉，啊不对，发达的大脑，馋了。

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金昆看见魅魔，那更是走不动路了，魂都被勾走了，硬是把魅魔当成知己，给雍正气死了。

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上諭：工部主事金昆昔年曾在府中绘画行走，朕因其从武会元出身，识得数字，故令改授文职。伊籤掣工部主事，自到工部诸事把持招摇放纵，廉亲王居心巧诈，事事任用，凡有差使俱将金昆派出，搪塞其意，以为金昆有过，天下必加朕以私用匪人之名也。金昆亦倚廉亲王为知已，肆行无忌，大负朕恩。着将金昆革职，令在内庭禁锢行走效力。如不能改过自新或又多事，必从重治罪。
\n

-

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当然，金昆不只是个例。

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事实上，八阿哥管理下的全体上驷院和工部全体官员，全部都被魅魔上司蛊得神魂颠倒，任由魅魔摆布。

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尔工部官员等，受皇考数十年教养之恩，当念君臣大义，为朕竭力尽心以图报称，勿因允禩之甘言诡计为其所惑。允禩故为小心谨畏，于属员则作噢咻体恤之状，……
允禩居心行事如此。尔诸大臣、定已尽知。惟是工部上驷院两衙门官员人等、恐不知廉亲王之居心奸诈。一堕其术中。便为所累。朕岂忍两衙门之臣下、为伊所愚弄乎。用是再加晓谕。非令尔等、每事与伊抗拒。但令尔等、于办事效力之处、一归于正、勿被伊引诱惑乱而已。
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虽然雍正觉得大家应该都已经认出了魅魔的真面目，但大臣们还是纷纷堕其术中，同情魅魔，心甘情愿跟着魅魔受罚。

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乃在廷诸臣，为廉亲王所愚，反以朕为过于苛刻，为伊抱屈。即朕屡降谕旨之时，观众人神色，未尝尽以廉亲王为非。惟舅舅隆科多、大将军年羹尧、大学士王顼龄、侍郎沈近思，曾在朕前陈奏：一年以来，大小臣工因廉亲王贻累者甚多，乃甘心忍受，并不归怨廉亲王。而廉亲王恬然自安，全不知愧，又不念及国法，全无恐惧。此党援之终不能解散者也。
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不仅如此，这些官员还纷纷觉得皇帝真是太坏了，居然加害魅魔。

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尔工部官员等，受皇考数十年教养之恩，当念君臣大义，为朕竭力尽心以图报称，勿因允禩之甘言诡计为其所惑。允禩故为小心谨畏，于属员则作噢咻体恤之状，其心实欲败坏事务，且知朕必能察出，将众人治罪，以彰朕之苛刻，俾众人感伊而归怨于朕，其居心大抵如此。
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大臣们：对不起皇上，你弟弟真好！没忍住，犯错了！

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\"\"
就是这个魅魔爽！
\n

-

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就连年羹尧跟雍正上奏时都说：嗯，廉亲王的风味确实好点。

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其允禟语无伦次，心地浅诈，竭力做哭介而无眼泪，故为亲热煦煦孑孑之状，盖有意学廉亲王而细致则远不及也。
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九阿哥：（装哭）（亲热）（演技大爆发）

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年羹尧：（眼前看着九阿哥）（脑子已经飘到千里之外的京城想起可爱的廉亲王)

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年羹尧：并没有说我已经堕其术中，但魅魔确实挺可爱的。嗯。

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\"\"
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-

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魅魔的功力深厚，哪怕在物质上已经离去，精神上还存在于人们心中。

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具体体现为死了还能结党，可能目的是吸活人精气。

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这些人的名字，包括但不限于：鲁尔金、乌尔陈、苏尔金、库尔陈，法海、佛保、达尔当阿、托什、查弼纳，萧永藻、诺岷、高成龄、董永芠、四格、李凤翥、锡保，每个名字拿出来都是响当当的倒霉，哦不对，不能在魅魔面前卓然自立的愚蠢呀！

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甚至酒老师@不沾一滴酒 扒出来，都雍正十二年了，魅魔都去世八年了，大义觉迷录也被强制宣传好几年了，在雍正提拔的官员私下八卦里，邪恶的魅魔阿其那竟然还是【圣祖的八阿哥】【圣祖密旨说他确实好】

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\"\"
太恐怖了，简直是脑控啊！怪不得说被魅魔骗一次终身受骗！
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雍正都崩溃了，说自己就没见过不会被魅魔蛊惑的汉子。

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尔若不为塞思黑之奸恶所欺骗，能坚持初到大同之心，则将为朕多加夸奖，可惜已枉然了，然而朕将宽恕之。若与阿其那、塞思黑在一处两个月，不为伊等奸计所动之汉子，不被欺骗之聪慧之人亦少矣。
朱批：此不过楚仲防汝之论耳，已被塞思黑之愚矣，与阿其那、塞思黑对面数日，有能不被二人之奸诈所愚者，朕未见也。
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九、全体清朝民众

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皇帝忍无可忍，把魅魔圈禁起来，免得魅魔又去勾引他人。

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结果民间居然传出谣言，说“八佛被囚，军民怨新主”，魅魔不知道为何被人当成了佛。

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皇帝崩溃了，怒发一万条反问：他哪里佛了？佛在哪里？where is 佛？

\n
阿其那等心怀奸恶，扰乱国政，煽惑人心，邀买美名，结交匪类，徧处称扬伊善，不过欺人而已，岂能欺上天皇考乎？阿其那等承欢皇考者何处？效力者何处？有裨国家者何处？利济军民者何处？施恩臣工者何处？有益兄弟者何处？且当皇考圣明在御之时，阿其那为皇子，何得交结外人，不曾与政事，有何善足称，遂至人目之为佛者，何故耶？
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清朝民众：对不起皇上，我们也已经堕其术中了。

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十、其实皇帝也被魅魔蛊惑了。

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那到底为什么会达成这个效果呢？

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因为皇帝本人也（曾）堕其术中，甚至房子都在魅魔的隔壁。

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历史上胤禛和胤禩的关系到底怎么样？

\n

把皇上四哥也算进去，那么单单前十二个序齿 + 未早夭的兄弟，被魅魔蛊惑到的就足足有六个了，占一半。（嗯。

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但皇帝精通觉迷技巧，凭借自己坚定的意志力爬了出来。

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哦！伟大的雍正帝！

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于是雍正帝汲取自身教训，号召大家一定要远离魅魔。结果一扭头，大家还是在堕其术中！

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哦，可怜的雍正帝！

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可惜的是哥们早年堕其术中的痕迹太多，骂个魅魔都要先把自己的存在从魅魔身边摘出去才能骂。

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甚至偶尔还不小心觉迷失败，吐露一些堕其术中的发言。

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年羹尧：并没有说我已经堕其术中，但魅魔确实挺可爱的。嗯。

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雍正：就是说！其他人真是丑妇效颦，万不及一！

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其允禟语无伦次，心地（朱批：秉性）浅诈，竭力做哭（朱批，虽诈，这还好）介而无眼泪，故为亲热煦煦孑孑之状，盖有意学廉亲王而（朱批：丑妇效颦，万不及一！）细致则远不及也。
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嗯，你让雍正承认魅魔貌比西施他是不会承认的，但要是别人试着学魅魔哭，雍正就会骂别人丑妇效颦了。

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\"\"
中国人啊，如果只是想开天窗是得说要砸墙的 jpg
\n

好在他儿子乾隆帮他擦了屁股，编的《实录》里基本把雍正口不择言骂魅魔的痕迹全删掉了。

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十一、但另一个儿子就没那么省心了。

\n

三阿哥·又长高了·大清巨人·弘时，他命中注定的瑛贵人不在后宫。

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在真实历史中，他命中注定的瑛贵人在前朝，正是他的魅魔八叔。

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魅魔：三阿哥你要做什么？我是你的八叔！

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三阿哥：我就那么比不上皇阿玛吗？我心里有你，皇阿玛他老了！

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魅魔还没来得及答应（？）就被他爸圈起来了。（大悲）

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他爸雍正折腾八叔，给他折腾急眼了，跟他爸水灵灵地对着干，给爹气完了。

\n
早在雍正三年三月，雍正在给诸王的谕旨中就提出：“今尔诸宗室闻朕谕旨，心中以为是者有之，以为不是者亦有之，朕岂能必宗室皆以此旨为是而遵行乎，即朕之子亦不能保其必行。”雍正说，他所下达的谕旨，即使在皇家、皇族的宗室中，有人以为对，也有人以为不对而不执行。即使是自己的儿子，也不能保证其一定会执行。这个“朕之子”当然就是指弘时，说明弘时对其父的政策、行为，多有分歧乃至违抗，已确是事实。
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雍正：我给你高出亲王的待遇，你这小兔崽子胳膊肘还往外拐？！

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三阿哥：可是八叔就是魅……哦不是，八叔可是八叔啊！

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雍正：你既然要为你八叔求情，就去做他的儿子好了。

\n
\"\"
我恨极了你们这帮被魅魔蛊惑的蠢货。
\n
尔等前为弘时请旨，时朕欲颁谕旨。朕禾念知弘时，断不可留内，故特颁旨诸王、大臣断决，以与允禩为子。今已将允禩治罪，掣回带子，从玉牒除名。将弘时既与伊为子，不能不掣回弘时之带子，著將弘时带子掣回。（此为朕深思依理所办之事，)尔等勿得屡加(妄)奏。{治一小人罪时，朕亦慎重，惟恐受冤枉,岂有将弘时强行治罪之理？}(要治允禩逐出宗室之罪，确实意外，此亦弘时之命。但弘时虽系允禩之子，若不交给他入管束，任其安行，亦有关系脸面之处。{将弘时}(其名亦令更改，将此)交付允裪，虽非叔子，仍准管养之。钦此。
\n

于是儿子乾隆上台后又开始给爹擦屁股。

\n
又谕、从前三阿哥、年少无知。性情放纵。行事不谨。皇考特加严惩。以教导朕兄弟等。使知儆戒。今三阿哥已故多年。朕念兄弟之谊。似应仍收入谱牒之内。
\n

大家：对啊，只是和魅魔在一起又有什么错呢。

\n
奏為查三阿哥從前原因阿其那獲罪株連，與本身獲罪撤去黃帶者不同。今已故多年，蒙皇上篤念兄弟之誼，仍收入譜牒，于情理允宜，應欽遵諭旨，將三阿哥仍載入玉牒。俟命下之日交與宗人府辦理。
\n

乾隆：其实我爸根本不想把魅魔逐出宗籍，他晚年提到这事就不开心，想后悔啊。

\n

乾隆：这样吧我们把八叔收回玉牒吧。

\n
圣心如日在天，固众所共仰也。迨皇考晚年，屡向朕谕及此事，辄愀然不乐，意颇悔之，若将留以有待者。朕即位之初，深有念于孔子三年无改之言，未敢遽易成案。今临御四十三年矣。……此事重大，朕若不言，后世子孙亦无敢言者。所有允祀、允禟二人，自不合还其原爵，仍当复其原名，收入玉牒，两人子孙亦当一并叙入。
\n

雍正：你个小兔崽子我 adlhaofaj**^KJYK7

\n
\"\"
我当年哪里后悔了？！
\n

乾隆：对不起爸爸，可是我真的很怀念八叔。

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天啊，魅魔太可怕了，把皇帝逼成这样啊。太可怜了雍正。

\n
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\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", - "category": "", - "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783368", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Wed, 20 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "资讯", - "feed": "知乎", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "15c2d4366a962017b683f9bda6b4254f", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "为什么生物要分公母？可以直接无性繁殖不是更方便吗？", - "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

不为什么，“分公母”是一小撮生物的祖征。

\n

任何可遗传性状，只要不导致携带者的可育后代数量明显减少，就可以作为中性性状持续存在。

\n

对于脊椎动物的典型形体构型，靠再生能力较低且有循环系统的身体进行出芽、分裂、断裂之类无性生殖并不方便，但是用生殖细胞搞孤雌生殖就方便起来了，当前地球上个体数量最多的爬行动物物种可能是搞了四千多万年孤雌生殖的钩盲蛇，该物种无雄性个体。

\n

自地球生物诞生以来，以物种数量、个体数量计，无性生殖远比有性生殖更普遍。当前存在的有性生殖物种很可能在距今十几亿年前有个共同祖先[1][2]，该祖先的一些后代还放弃了有性生殖。

\n
    \n
  • 对于细胞生物，当前绝大多数物种、绝大多数个体是无性生殖的原核生物——细菌、古菌。
    • \n
  • 非细胞生物（病毒）不进行有性生殖。现存非细胞生物的物种数量可能多于现存细胞生物。
    • \n
  • 亚病毒因子尚未被普遍接受为非细胞生物。亚病毒因子不进行有性生殖。
    • \n
\n

以生物量计，维管植物会让有性生殖在地球生物中的占比大幅上升。不过，许多维管植物在野外亦能进行无性生殖。

\n
    \n
  • 在没有人为干预的情况下，提供最多生物量的维管植物物种们大多是能够进行有性生殖而不怎么擅长进行无性生殖的。
    • \n
  • 在人为干预下，所有维管植物都能进行无性生殖。
    • \n
\n

动物的同卵双胞胎也可以视为一种无性生殖、克隆。人现有的身体可以通过同卵双胞胎进行有限的无性生殖。在人为干预下，许多动物可以进行克隆。

\n

此外，对于有性生殖的物种，同配生殖的物种、细胞融合再分裂的物种是有性而无性别的，许多物种的正常个体是全都雌雄同体的，许多物种有超过两个交配型。许多线虫、许多扁形动物、许多植物是自交的。“分公母”是非主流现象。

\n

对于“为什么一部分物种有两个性别”，可以看看我回答过的：性别是如何演化出来的？

\n
    \n
  • 原始多细胞生物的细胞同时具有体细胞与生殖细胞的功能，种群中可以随机出现“一部分细胞变得比其他细胞更擅长维护修理基因组，从而比其他细胞更适合用于自我复制”的个体，这些个体有概率延续下来产生同配生殖种群、物种；配子体积的随机变动可以互相筛选出体积差异很大的配子（小型配子在制造和移动时更节约资源、可以大量释放，大型配子比更小的配子更擅长与小型配子结合产生后代），这些个体有概率延续下来产生异配生殖种群、物种。
    • \n
  • 在这种模式下，有性生殖无需有任何优势，在过去十几亿年里还没糟糕到携带者全部灭亡就行了。
    • \n
  • 顺便说，“一部分细胞变得更擅长”的实现方式包括“其他细胞变得更不擅长”。在生物体内，“做减法”比“做加法”要容易发生：只要随机搞错了一个碱基，就有可能废掉一系列能力或改变大量的调节因素。
    • \n
\n

一些人尝试给有性生殖找“好处”，这经常导致纯粹的谬误。另一方面，有性生殖也没有重要的缺点，人们日常找的“缺点”要么不存在要么无所谓。可以看看我回答过的：有性生殖有哪些缺陷？

\n

在这问题下，读者可以看到很多回答在幻想多样性。

\n

基因组中的大部分遗传多样性是中性的，既不会提高也不会降低个体生存或产生后代的能力。

\n

与生物的环境耐性（包括疾病抗性）相关的基因，影响个体生存或产生后代的能力的遗传多样性，存在于基因组内非常特定的区域，与全基因组的遗传多样性完全无关[3]。快速传代、大量繁殖的无性生殖物种或孤雌生殖物种完全可以拥有压倒有性生殖物种的环境耐性。

\n

不限于无性生殖或孤雌生殖，许多入侵物种抵达新地区时只有数个个体，基因多样性暴跌，但迅速发展为庞大的新种群，并在特定的基因上显示出迅速适应。2021 年，科学家在入侵物种“绿蟹”身上再次确认了这件事[4]。人自己也是很好的证据。

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", - "content": "
\"头图\"/
\n

不为什么，“分公母”是一小撮生物的祖征。

\n

任何可遗传性状，只要不导致携带者的可育后代数量明显减少，就可以作为中性性状持续存在。

\n

对于脊椎动物的典型形体构型，靠再生能力较低且有循环系统的身体进行出芽、分裂、断裂之类无性生殖并不方便，但是用生殖细胞搞孤雌生殖就方便起来了，当前地球上个体数量最多的爬行动物物种可能是搞了四千多万年孤雌生殖的钩盲蛇，该物种无雄性个体。

\n

自地球生物诞生以来，以物种数量、个体数量计，无性生殖远比有性生殖更普遍。当前存在的有性生殖物种很可能在距今十几亿年前有个共同祖先[1][2]，该祖先的一些后代还放弃了有性生殖。

\n
    \n
  • 对于细胞生物，当前绝大多数物种、绝大多数个体是无性生殖的原核生物——细菌、古菌。
    • \n
  • 非细胞生物（病毒）不进行有性生殖。现存非细胞生物的物种数量可能多于现存细胞生物。
    • \n
  • 亚病毒因子尚未被普遍接受为非细胞生物。亚病毒因子不进行有性生殖。
    • \n
\n

以生物量计，维管植物会让有性生殖在地球生物中的占比大幅上升。不过，许多维管植物在野外亦能进行无性生殖。

\n
    \n
  • 在没有人为干预的情况下，提供最多生物量的维管植物物种们大多是能够进行有性生殖而不怎么擅长进行无性生殖的。
    • \n
  • 在人为干预下，所有维管植物都能进行无性生殖。
    • \n
\n

动物的同卵双胞胎也可以视为一种无性生殖、克隆。人现有的身体可以通过同卵双胞胎进行有限的无性生殖。在人为干预下，许多动物可以进行克隆。

\n

此外，对于有性生殖的物种，同配生殖的物种、细胞融合再分裂的物种是有性而无性别的，许多物种的正常个体是全都雌雄同体的，许多物种有超过两个交配型。许多线虫、许多扁形动物、许多植物是自交的。“分公母”是非主流现象。

\n

对于“为什么一部分物种有两个性别”，可以看看我回答过的：性别是如何演化出来的？

\n
    \n
  • 原始多细胞生物的细胞同时具有体细胞与生殖细胞的功能，种群中可以随机出现“一部分细胞变得比其他细胞更擅长维护修理基因组，从而比其他细胞更适合用于自我复制”的个体，这些个体有概率延续下来产生同配生殖种群、物种；配子体积的随机变动可以互相筛选出体积差异很大的配子（小型配子在制造和移动时更节约资源、可以大量释放，大型配子比更小的配子更擅长与小型配子结合产生后代），这些个体有概率延续下来产生异配生殖种群、物种。
    • \n
  • 在这种模式下，有性生殖无需有任何优势，在过去十几亿年里还没糟糕到携带者全部灭亡就行了。
    • \n
  • 顺便说，“一部分细胞变得更擅长”的实现方式包括“其他细胞变得更不擅长”。在生物体内，“做减法”比“做加法”要容易发生：只要随机搞错了一个碱基，就有可能废掉一系列能力或改变大量的调节因素。
    • \n
\n

一些人尝试给有性生殖找“好处”，这经常导致纯粹的谬误。另一方面，有性生殖也没有重要的缺点，人们日常找的“缺点”要么不存在要么无所谓。可以看看我回答过的：有性生殖有哪些缺陷？

\n

在这问题下，读者可以看到很多回答在幻想多样性。

\n

基因组中的大部分遗传多样性是中性的，既不会提高也不会降低个体生存或产生后代的能力。

\n

与生物的环境耐性（包括疾病抗性）相关的基因，影响个体生存或产生后代的能力的遗传多样性，存在于基因组内非常特定的区域，与全基因组的遗传多样性完全无关[3]。快速传代、大量繁殖的无性生殖物种或孤雌生殖物种完全可以拥有压倒有性生殖物种的环境耐性。

\n

不限于无性生殖或孤雌生殖，许多入侵物种抵达新地区时只有数个个体，基因多样性暴跌，但迅速发展为庞大的新种群，并在特定的基因上显示出迅速适应。2021 年，科学家在入侵物种“绿蟹”身上再次确认了这件事[4]。人自己也是很好的证据。

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", - "category": "", - "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783370", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Wed, 20 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "资讯", - "feed": "知乎", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "8a3a338be43dd69c58c5717e9d12bc33", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "世界各国的文字几乎都变成了字母文字，为何唯独中国文字两千年来都保持汉字不变？", - "description": "
\"头图\"/
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几乎所有的回答都有一个默认的前提：语言早于文字。

\n

这怎么可能不对呢？

\n

难道不是先有说话，才可能有记录说话的需求？

\n

我们总在线性思维中整理着自己的过去：

\n
\"\"
插图引子丹尼尔.L.埃弗雷特的《语言的诞生》
\n
这个东西叫做“人工搬运物”。
什么意思？就是说这个像人脸的“石头”，并不是人类雕刻出来的人工产物。
而是很可能早到南方古猿时代，类人猿从自然界中间寻找到的自身形象的觉察物。
这个东西的发现对语言学具有颠覆价值的原因是，它很可能解释了表意文字完全不同于表音文字的“演化历程”。
早在现代智人还没有形成之前，“人工搬运物”作为人类对自身的觉察就已经开始以一种“符号提取”的方式出现在自然物的有意识的选择，而不是制造之中。
这一发现，甚至会撼动人类工具演化的诸多理论。
比如，我们完全可以设想，最早期的工具演化就是一种“人工搬运”。
我们把“尖锐”、“锋利”、“结实”等诸多概念从自然物中“搬运”入自己的工具集里。
因此所有的人类创造，首先必须能够提取“意义”，随后才能制造工具。
这就是表意文字的恐怖之处。
它根本不是语言的“记录”，甚至更合理的猜测是，它反而是语言的缔造者。
——易经的科学原理是什么？
\n

当我们说文字和语言的线性关系的时候，我们其实就已经掉入了题主和大部分答主的前置设定之中。

\n

那就是文字和语言的进化是严格的语言线性的先行的。

\n

但我认为语言人类学的很多发现并不支持这种看起来绝对正确的思维。

\n

就像大卫.格雷伯清晰的证明了，早期人类社会，不存在一个广泛存在的以物易物的交换系统。

\n

丹尼尔.L.埃弗雷特在《语言的诞生》中，也清晰的证明了文字和认知—意识之间的演化关系。

\n

也就是说，文字作为一种符号实践，其诞生的演化需求，很可能要远远早于语言。

\n

我们之所以觉得语言必定早于文字，无非是因为我们把表音文字的语言转化效用，当成了语言的本质，同时也把文字和认知之间的关系，当成了一种绝对教条的——因果关系。

\n

我们下意识的认为，一定必须先有语言作为一种对认知的“显现”，随后才需要文字对这种显现记录。

\n

随后我们认为在动物日常中间的，基于发音的“信息交流”就是语言的母体：

\n
\"\"
摘自布鲁诺.G.巴拉的《认知语用学：交际的心智过程》
\n

但如果我们仔细审查这个信息和语言关系的图标，你会发现信息的交流结构中不存在语言的效用：

\n
这是《认知语用学》里的一副插图，将人类的交际行为和动物的交际行为做了一个对比，我们可以看到“信息提取”——也就是分辨事物——并不是人和动物在交际上的主要区别。同样交际——也就是信息交流——原则上也无需语言的参与。前两种能力的唯一区别是意向性，我们可以简略的把它理解成为是否具有目的性，毕竟当一只狮子在草原上溜达，无意中发现了一只羚羊，并不需要有意为之，不管它是否饥饿，羚羊的形象都会自然的通过狮子发现的线索，出现在它的心灵里，而如果这个发现触发了捕猎，羚羊就成了一个目标，狮子必须跟随这个目标不停的调整自己的行为，如果是合作狩猎，它还需要呼叫同伴，让其和自己拥有共同的目标，围绕目标的一系列的目的性行为，就可以被看作是有意向的。
图例上进一步表示，前两种互动虽然有意向性上的区别，但都是非象征性的，只有人类的交际行为，那种运用语言的交流，才能称之为象征性的。
——第十节：象征之眼
\n

意向性——表达为对象性陈述为象征性，其实就是对意识的描述。

\n

所以，严格来说创造工具并不会需要意识，只有有目的，有意象的从物中提取工具的符号形象，才能称之为有意识：

\n
【……伯施和伯施.阿克曼（Boesch and Boesch Achermann，1991）通过对象牙海岸雨林中的野生大猩猩的观察发现，为了让小猩猩学会如何敲碎坚果，猩猩母亲用类似锤子的工具现场展示。事实上，猩猩母亲不仅给小猩猩提供锤子，而且向它演示如何使用锤子、坚果怎么放等细节。……】
这段话摘抄自布鲁诺.G.巴拉的《认知语用学：交际的心智过程》，猩猩母亲掌握了使用工具的能力，考虑到它已经能够从自然物中分离出“锤子”，不得不说大猩猩拥有了某种非常原始的意象。可当它们没有语言的时候，这些意象并不能像概念那样被精确掌握，并用来解释“锤子”的功用。它们传达这些能力的唯一方式就是直观的演示，一遍一遍的，猩猩母亲不停的重复着使用工具的体验，希望孩子在一旁的观察中，能够从它自己的体验里分辨出“锤子”与其他石头的区别（界限），以及作为一个工具的意义。依赖生命体验的实践虽然让大猩猩掌握了某些也许可以称为概念前身的模糊意象，但作为一个没有语言的生灵，它是无法孤立于自己的行为，而将自己的体验传达给其他同类的。
——同上
\n

而表意文字的整个演化过程，几乎就是人类认知→意识的产生过程。

\n

也就是说仅仅从语音的信息交流出发，用一种教条的线性进步的逻辑，声称语言中的“意向性陈述”来自于原始的，动物也存在的，语音的信息交流的需求，是极端不合理的。

\n

这也是为什么即便在香农的信息建模中，我们也照样看不到语义存在的原因：

\n
\"\"
摘自丹尼尔.L.埃弗雷特的《语言的诞生》
\n
香农的通信管道隐喻，只能为信息的明确性负责，而根本无法为语义的明确性负责。
毕竟，信息学关心的不是“这句话传达了什么？”，而是“这句话传达了吗？”。
一组编码的可辨别性，和一组编码的“意义”是根本不可能通约的。
主流的认知科学，解决这个问题的方法，是拒绝面对它。
比如乔姆斯基的“UG”，在一种算法逻辑下，关心所谓的“亚人符号”其实说白了，就是想要在自己的语言学理论里，拒绝“语义”这个概念。
本质上，他希望“功能主义”的所谓副现象在这里发挥作用。
也就是说，语言不过是某种类似于“基因编码”的规律性运动，这个规律性运动是一切语言行为的“发动机”；而所谓的语义，不过是这个语言行为的——副现象——也就是发动机的轰鸣声。
在这样的意义上，主流的，遵从于 UG 路径的语言学家们，其实根本不在乎“语义”这么个东西。
这种心态和传统认知心理学根本不在乎“意识”，而只在乎“智能”是一个道理。
在大多数认知学家的视域里，“意识”是一个语义欠明的——缀词。
所以，在主流语言学中，过度的，甚至冗余的对数学的依赖，其实只不过是不停的尝试将语言学转化为一种信息学的趋势罢了。
——被发明的认知：作为文化迁移的语言演化
\n

这就是为什么我认为表意文字在认知演化上的效用，要远远大于表音文字的原因。

\n

也就是说，表意符号的实践操作，以百万年为单位，很可能横跨了早期古人种的整个演化历程。

\n

也因此表意符号演化为表意文字很可能是所有语音最终能够实践为语言的根本前提。

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很好，说清楚了这个问题，我们回到表音文字对表意文字的替代问题上。

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这个问题极度复杂，我只说一个最粗糙的线条。

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在人类神话时代的晚期，部族的迁徙问题，开始表现成为一种“入侵”问题。

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入侵这个概念，不存在与文化体系形成之前。

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没有文化体系，实际上就不会产生迁徙的时间—历史性觉察。

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也就是不会出现祖先、图腾、仪式的传承问题。

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没有这些传承问题，就算是长期定居，也不会形成对地域的文化固着。

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不会形成疆界、领土这样的概念。

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狩猎采集文化可以将法杖伫立的地方比作“世界的中心”。

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也就是说世界是可以被部落从一个地区带到另一个地区，不存在一种时间和空间交汇的，历史的起点。

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部落之间发生冲突，就算是以百年为单位的定居生活被破坏，只要这种定居的文化体系还没有固着在时空中（历史性的前身），那么占领者和迁徙者之间就不存在任何“被侵略”和“侵略”的问题。

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土地和果实没有本质区别。

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但随着表意符号体系的越来越成熟，它不仅要求语音能够传达意向性，这种认知最基底的效用。

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它开始对语言再次产生了符号提起的需求。

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这就是所谓的语义——意义的认知演化，文化在这种演化中产生了。

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语义是构筑一切世界时空（也就是对象化—客观性）认知的基底。

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这种认知带来了“存在性”问题。

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文化为其居住的时空提供了意义，并将这些时空存在化。

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这是一切农耕能够发展为农业文明的根本前提。

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文化人类学发现了广泛存在于早期人类那里的农业停滞问题。

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也就是人类非常早期就已经掌握了发展农业所需要的大量植物培育技术。

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但世界的存在性——意义性追求没有产生之前，对一个地区的深度开发的意愿性是不存在的。

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所以，仅仅依靠地理决定论是不能解释早期人类那里广泛存在的农业停滞问题的。

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只有一种文化体系——祖先 / 神灵崇拜的时空性—历史性回溯，才可能造成对一个地域和一种文化的永恒性绑定问题。

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人类最早的一批定居文化就是这样形成的。

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但紧接着，以原始印欧人横跨欧亚大陆的大迁徙为代表，人类历史上最早的入侵出现了：

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当这些原始印欧人到达他们的新家园时，他们遇到了当地的族群，后者相对要和平一些，不那么尚武好战，从事农耕生产，富于艺术创造力，在社会结构上或许是平等主义的，而且崇拜女神。本土民族拥有发达的审美意识，他们建造二层楼房和美丽的神庙——我们已为这些建筑做了陶土模型。他们还生产优美的彩绘陶器。他们或被库尔干人同化，或被消灭，因为库尔干人驯化了马，又具有军事才能，这都使他们占尽优势。原始印欧人还把他们的语言和宗教强加给本土族群，尽管在因此而形成的“印欧”语言与文化中，本土语言与宗教的一些残迹一直在其底层存在着。这样看来所谓“印欧”，便是库尔干人和古欧洲人相融合的一个结果。
——马丽加.金芭塔丝《活着的女神》
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这个入侵过程，在印度就表现成为一种为了彻底隔离古文明的种姓制度的形成史：

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这就是为什么西方的传统文化，也就是常青藤哲学，动不动就要把自己的神秘学谱系，往印度歪，因为实在无法在欧洲去溯源这个传统。
但我一直说，印度断代的问题，比起欧洲，更是一笔烂账。
印度教实际上是雅利安人入侵之后，为了断绝哈拉帕文明的传统而出现的。
而这个断绝的“畸形决策”，直接造成了传统精神的重大创伤。
不要忘了一切传统文化的根，就在对人类传承的根本维护上。
可全世界任何一个地区，也没有印度的种姓制度神学化后的宗教——印度教——更畸形的斩断传承的。
尽管有物质文明的灭绝，甚至可能蔓延到文化精神的遮蔽，但不管如何，没有哪个地区会为了隔绝过去，而发明出一种隔绝的宗教体系。
——周易和塔罗的区别是什么？
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尽管其他地区没有印度这么“决绝”，但广泛的入侵形态的融合，带来的替代问题很可能才是表音文字诞生的一大动力。

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不同的文化产生了剧烈的碰撞，表意实践还没有深入到语义—存在—意义阶段的体系，面临着一个如何吸收“异族语义”的过程。

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这个异族性觉察，还是其占领，侵袭文化提供的。

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也就是民族性是被征服民族提供的奇特结构，带来了一种极端的，需要真理化征服者的需求。

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这是最早的基于外部征服—真理性—客观性对神话性宗教，进行神学性改造的起点。

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绝对的善恶观，将道德律法化，唯一的真理→神的统治——这一切都是征服者通过被征服者的文化，产生的一种荒谬的，怎么说呢……“文明觉醒”？

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表音文字的大发展亦是这种征服—侵略性文明觉醒的一部分。

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注意，我这里不是说表音文字代表着一种侵略性，我是说没有文化体系之间的侵略—征服性的剧烈变动，不同文化的文字交流，不可能如此激烈、急切的表达成为一种语音的符号转译，而不是认知的符号实践。

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实际上古埃及的象形文字的在异族入侵压力下的大变迁，就体现了这一点：

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埃及人和赫梯人的区别该如何建立？如果说在埃及鼎盛时期这一问题可以被忽略，那么当异族已经入主帝国，成为了埃及主人的时候，文化就开始了其“内化”的过程。
这一过程已经无法从当下的危机中寻求力量，反省过去成为了一个契机。
每一个文明、文化、或者民族个体，当它们觉察到自身的存在（这种觉察最容易被文明的存亡危机所激活）的时候，为自己寻求与他者边界的意图就开始变得紧迫了起来。
一个文化工具必须为其存在提供一个过去的源头，这个源头不能再是理所当然的关于当下的自然延展。变化带来的冲击必须的得到解释，觉察正在从流动的体验中渴望寻找到永恒的线索。这就是历史的最初冲动吗？
埃及人选择了神庙作为过去的源头。毕竟在埃及的神话中神庙建立在原初世界那混沌中最初的土堆之上。那是神圣的，那是创世的最高起源。
于是神庙在埃及文化后起的异族危机中开始层层包裹，与外界隔离的欲望在建筑结构的封闭中不停的体现了出来。神庙里的象形文字从 700 个激增到 7000 个，这个时候独立的文字已经无法承担精确性的历史追求，如果说当下为歧义提供了最丰满的语境，那么死去的历史重建则远离了这种丰满，它渴望更为精确的区别，历史追求的是一种无可置疑的，刻板而繁杂的奠基。
这是文明的边界、民族的壁垒。
——死后的历史：大传统构建的文本过去
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一种象形—表意文字的衰落，往往是一个文明即将被彻底替代的标志。

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后来者并不愿意完全传承过去的历史，而是从它的尸体中寻找重新搭建征服者文化的技术。

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从这一次大入侵→大征服之后，表意文字所代表的，那个人类早期，创造了一切认知基底的神话时代，在世界大部分地区就结束了。

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表意文字所代表的那种基于体验—觉察为基底的，认知形态也开始被抛弃。

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但在东亚区域的华夏文明圈却保留了这种认知形态。

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这就是为什么在很多迷恋客观性—对象化思维的现代人来说，中国传统文化总会被谩骂成为一种活该在近代落后的，没有科学—理性精神的落后文明的原因。

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但这种思维的可悲，就像表音和表意文字的线性—替代—进步思维一样，就像把科学和技术实践做出强绑定，货币和以物易物做出强绑定，信息和文字做出强绑定一样，它纯粹就是一种客观性思维的产物，而从来不可能提供一种有效的对何为客观性思维的审查：

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一切所谓工具理性，实验精神都不是一种“系统”，更不是什么拥有本质的精神，它从头到尾就是一种——民俗。
一切基于“工程操作”理念的认知集合（比如工具、实验……），都不过是一种技术手册，这个技术手册中的一切经验规律，都根本不需要进行——哲学化的确定性总结，也就是所谓的——科学。
也就是说，你以为科学的巨大价值，无非是一个鸠占鹊巢的游戏，而这个游戏的始作俑者，就是哲学的现代化构造——科学精神：
【以下是我们准备支持的哲学观点：科学精神必须在反自然、反我们身上和身外的本性冲动和号令中，反自然的驱使、反色彩斑斓和多样的事实中形成。
——巴什拉《科学精神的形成》】
巴什拉在他的这本著作中，最准确但同时在我看来也是最可笑的展示了这种科学精神最实质的内涵——科学的政治性规约。
科学的一切操作根本没有任何创造性可言，在大部分技术环节，“科学”这个概念是毫无价值，也是毫无意义的，它唯一的作用，就是在一切“多样性”、“自然而然”、“色彩斑斓”、“事实”的实践—实验之后，来按照一种既定的标准对这一切实践做出“价值裁决”。
这个价值裁决，才是“科学”这个概念能够在现代社会发挥效用的——唯一目的。
——如今的哲学变成什么样了？
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这就是信息→语音→语言→文字，在科学陈述中的，一切所谓合理性的来源。

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好了，当我们弄清楚了在认知诞生的初期，表意文字的演化所扮演的角色，我们就会明白为什么表音文字，在这种视域下，根本没有跟表意文字进行对比的空间。

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同时，如果我们也熟悉了表音文字自身大发展，是如何与神话时代晚期的，人类最早的一次入侵所带来的征服文化的大崛起的历史息息相关的，那么“客观性—对象化—神学化”思维为什么在表音文字中如此核心，就实在不那么奇怪了。

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那么，当我们掌握了这些“区别”，我们回到中国的表意文字，回想一下近代拉丁化思潮对它的口诛笔伐，是不是就有了一些理解其历史原因的线索？

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所以，为什么唯独中国的文字几经变迁，备受摧残，却最终仍然没有丢弃自己的“表意”？

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这个文字和它那遥远过去的“根”到底是什么关系？

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对这一切的摸索就要靠我们自己各自的志趣了。

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毕竟，这个时代，我们自身文化的研究，恐怕大部分的主流，也在科学的名义下，实在表音化了……。

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查看知乎讨论
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几乎所有的回答都有一个默认的前提：语言早于文字。

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这怎么可能不对呢？

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难道不是先有说话，才可能有记录说话的需求？

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我们总在线性思维中整理着自己的过去：

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插图引子丹尼尔.L.埃弗雷特的《语言的诞生》
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这个东西叫做“人工搬运物”。
什么意思？就是说这个像人脸的“石头”，并不是人类雕刻出来的人工产物。
而是很可能早到南方古猿时代，类人猿从自然界中间寻找到的自身形象的觉察物。
这个东西的发现对语言学具有颠覆价值的原因是，它很可能解释了表意文字完全不同于表音文字的“演化历程”。
早在现代智人还没有形成之前，“人工搬运物”作为人类对自身的觉察就已经开始以一种“符号提取”的方式出现在自然物的有意识的选择，而不是制造之中。
这一发现，甚至会撼动人类工具演化的诸多理论。
比如，我们完全可以设想，最早期的工具演化就是一种“人工搬运”。
我们把“尖锐”、“锋利”、“结实”等诸多概念从自然物中“搬运”入自己的工具集里。
因此所有的人类创造，首先必须能够提取“意义”，随后才能制造工具。
这就是表意文字的恐怖之处。
它根本不是语言的“记录”，甚至更合理的猜测是，它反而是语言的缔造者。
——易经的科学原理是什么？
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当我们说文字和语言的线性关系的时候，我们其实就已经掉入了题主和大部分答主的前置设定之中。

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那就是文字和语言的进化是严格的语言线性的先行的。

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但我认为语言人类学的很多发现并不支持这种看起来绝对正确的思维。

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就像大卫.格雷伯清晰的证明了，早期人类社会，不存在一个广泛存在的以物易物的交换系统。

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丹尼尔.L.埃弗雷特在《语言的诞生》中，也清晰的证明了文字和认知—意识之间的演化关系。

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也就是说，文字作为一种符号实践，其诞生的演化需求，很可能要远远早于语言。

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我们之所以觉得语言必定早于文字，无非是因为我们把表音文字的语言转化效用，当成了语言的本质，同时也把文字和认知之间的关系，当成了一种绝对教条的——因果关系。

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我们下意识的认为，一定必须先有语言作为一种对认知的“显现”，随后才需要文字对这种显现记录。

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随后我们认为在动物日常中间的，基于发音的“信息交流”就是语言的母体：

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摘自布鲁诺.G.巴拉的《认知语用学：交际的心智过程》
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但如果我们仔细审查这个信息和语言关系的图标，你会发现信息的交流结构中不存在语言的效用：

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这是《认知语用学》里的一副插图，将人类的交际行为和动物的交际行为做了一个对比，我们可以看到“信息提取”——也就是分辨事物——并不是人和动物在交际上的主要区别。同样交际——也就是信息交流——原则上也无需语言的参与。前两种能力的唯一区别是意向性，我们可以简略的把它理解成为是否具有目的性，毕竟当一只狮子在草原上溜达，无意中发现了一只羚羊，并不需要有意为之，不管它是否饥饿，羚羊的形象都会自然的通过狮子发现的线索，出现在它的心灵里，而如果这个发现触发了捕猎，羚羊就成了一个目标，狮子必须跟随这个目标不停的调整自己的行为，如果是合作狩猎，它还需要呼叫同伴，让其和自己拥有共同的目标，围绕目标的一系列的目的性行为，就可以被看作是有意向的。
图例上进一步表示，前两种互动虽然有意向性上的区别，但都是非象征性的，只有人类的交际行为，那种运用语言的交流，才能称之为象征性的。
——第十节：象征之眼
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意向性——表达为对象性陈述为象征性，其实就是对意识的描述。

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所以，严格来说创造工具并不会需要意识，只有有目的，有意象的从物中提取工具的符号形象，才能称之为有意识：

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【……伯施和伯施.阿克曼（Boesch and Boesch Achermann，1991）通过对象牙海岸雨林中的野生大猩猩的观察发现，为了让小猩猩学会如何敲碎坚果，猩猩母亲用类似锤子的工具现场展示。事实上，猩猩母亲不仅给小猩猩提供锤子，而且向它演示如何使用锤子、坚果怎么放等细节。……】
这段话摘抄自布鲁诺.G.巴拉的《认知语用学：交际的心智过程》，猩猩母亲掌握了使用工具的能力，考虑到它已经能够从自然物中分离出“锤子”，不得不说大猩猩拥有了某种非常原始的意象。可当它们没有语言的时候，这些意象并不能像概念那样被精确掌握，并用来解释“锤子”的功用。它们传达这些能力的唯一方式就是直观的演示，一遍一遍的，猩猩母亲不停的重复着使用工具的体验，希望孩子在一旁的观察中，能够从它自己的体验里分辨出“锤子”与其他石头的区别（界限），以及作为一个工具的意义。依赖生命体验的实践虽然让大猩猩掌握了某些也许可以称为概念前身的模糊意象，但作为一个没有语言的生灵，它是无法孤立于自己的行为，而将自己的体验传达给其他同类的。
——同上
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而表意文字的整个演化过程，几乎就是人类认知→意识的产生过程。

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也就是说仅仅从语音的信息交流出发，用一种教条的线性进步的逻辑，声称语言中的“意向性陈述”来自于原始的，动物也存在的，语音的信息交流的需求，是极端不合理的。

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这也是为什么即便在香农的信息建模中，我们也照样看不到语义存在的原因：

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\"\"
摘自丹尼尔.L.埃弗雷特的《语言的诞生》
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香农的通信管道隐喻，只能为信息的明确性负责，而根本无法为语义的明确性负责。
毕竟，信息学关心的不是“这句话传达了什么？”，而是“这句话传达了吗？”。
一组编码的可辨别性，和一组编码的“意义”是根本不可能通约的。
主流的认知科学，解决这个问题的方法，是拒绝面对它。
比如乔姆斯基的“UG”，在一种算法逻辑下，关心所谓的“亚人符号”其实说白了，就是想要在自己的语言学理论里，拒绝“语义”这个概念。
本质上，他希望“功能主义”的所谓副现象在这里发挥作用。
也就是说，语言不过是某种类似于“基因编码”的规律性运动，这个规律性运动是一切语言行为的“发动机”；而所谓的语义，不过是这个语言行为的——副现象——也就是发动机的轰鸣声。
在这样的意义上，主流的，遵从于 UG 路径的语言学家们，其实根本不在乎“语义”这么个东西。
这种心态和传统认知心理学根本不在乎“意识”，而只在乎“智能”是一个道理。
在大多数认知学家的视域里，“意识”是一个语义欠明的——缀词。
所以，在主流语言学中，过度的，甚至冗余的对数学的依赖，其实只不过是不停的尝试将语言学转化为一种信息学的趋势罢了。
——被发明的认知：作为文化迁移的语言演化
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这就是为什么我认为表意文字在认知演化上的效用，要远远大于表音文字的原因。

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也就是说，表意符号的实践操作，以百万年为单位，很可能横跨了早期古人种的整个演化历程。

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也因此表意符号演化为表意文字很可能是所有语音最终能够实践为语言的根本前提。

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很好，说清楚了这个问题，我们回到表音文字对表意文字的替代问题上。

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这个问题极度复杂，我只说一个最粗糙的线条。

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在人类神话时代的晚期，部族的迁徙问题，开始表现成为一种“入侵”问题。

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入侵这个概念，不存在与文化体系形成之前。

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没有文化体系，实际上就不会产生迁徙的时间—历史性觉察。

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也就是不会出现祖先、图腾、仪式的传承问题。

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没有这些传承问题，就算是长期定居，也不会形成对地域的文化固着。

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不会形成疆界、领土这样的概念。

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狩猎采集文化可以将法杖伫立的地方比作“世界的中心”。

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也就是说世界是可以被部落从一个地区带到另一个地区，不存在一种时间和空间交汇的，历史的起点。

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部落之间发生冲突，就算是以百年为单位的定居生活被破坏，只要这种定居的文化体系还没有固着在时空中（历史性的前身），那么占领者和迁徙者之间就不存在任何“被侵略”和“侵略”的问题。

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土地和果实没有本质区别。

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但随着表意符号体系的越来越成熟，它不仅要求语音能够传达意向性，这种认知最基底的效用。

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它开始对语言再次产生了符号提起的需求。

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这就是所谓的语义——意义的认知演化，文化在这种演化中产生了。

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语义是构筑一切世界时空（也就是对象化—客观性）认知的基底。

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这种认知带来了“存在性”问题。

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文化为其居住的时空提供了意义，并将这些时空存在化。

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这是一切农耕能够发展为农业文明的根本前提。

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文化人类学发现了广泛存在于早期人类那里的农业停滞问题。

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也就是人类非常早期就已经掌握了发展农业所需要的大量植物培育技术。

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但世界的存在性——意义性追求没有产生之前，对一个地区的深度开发的意愿性是不存在的。

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所以，仅仅依靠地理决定论是不能解释早期人类那里广泛存在的农业停滞问题的。

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只有一种文化体系——祖先 / 神灵崇拜的时空性—历史性回溯，才可能造成对一个地域和一种文化的永恒性绑定问题。

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人类最早的一批定居文化就是这样形成的。

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但紧接着，以原始印欧人横跨欧亚大陆的大迁徙为代表，人类历史上最早的入侵出现了：

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当这些原始印欧人到达他们的新家园时，他们遇到了当地的族群，后者相对要和平一些，不那么尚武好战，从事农耕生产，富于艺术创造力，在社会结构上或许是平等主义的，而且崇拜女神。本土民族拥有发达的审美意识，他们建造二层楼房和美丽的神庙——我们已为这些建筑做了陶土模型。他们还生产优美的彩绘陶器。他们或被库尔干人同化，或被消灭，因为库尔干人驯化了马，又具有军事才能，这都使他们占尽优势。原始印欧人还把他们的语言和宗教强加给本土族群，尽管在因此而形成的“印欧”语言与文化中，本土语言与宗教的一些残迹一直在其底层存在着。这样看来所谓“印欧”，便是库尔干人和古欧洲人相融合的一个结果。
——马丽加.金芭塔丝《活着的女神》
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这个入侵过程，在印度就表现成为一种为了彻底隔离古文明的种姓制度的形成史：

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这就是为什么西方的传统文化，也就是常青藤哲学，动不动就要把自己的神秘学谱系，往印度歪，因为实在无法在欧洲去溯源这个传统。
但我一直说，印度断代的问题，比起欧洲，更是一笔烂账。
印度教实际上是雅利安人入侵之后，为了断绝哈拉帕文明的传统而出现的。
而这个断绝的“畸形决策”，直接造成了传统精神的重大创伤。
不要忘了一切传统文化的根，就在对人类传承的根本维护上。
可全世界任何一个地区，也没有印度的种姓制度神学化后的宗教——印度教——更畸形的斩断传承的。
尽管有物质文明的灭绝，甚至可能蔓延到文化精神的遮蔽，但不管如何，没有哪个地区会为了隔绝过去，而发明出一种隔绝的宗教体系。
——周易和塔罗的区别是什么？
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尽管其他地区没有印度这么“决绝”，但广泛的入侵形态的融合，带来的替代问题很可能才是表音文字诞生的一大动力。

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不同的文化产生了剧烈的碰撞，表意实践还没有深入到语义—存在—意义阶段的体系，面临着一个如何吸收“异族语义”的过程。

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这个异族性觉察，还是其占领，侵袭文化提供的。

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也就是民族性是被征服民族提供的奇特结构，带来了一种极端的，需要真理化征服者的需求。

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这是最早的基于外部征服—真理性—客观性对神话性宗教，进行神学性改造的起点。

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绝对的善恶观，将道德律法化，唯一的真理→神的统治——这一切都是征服者通过被征服者的文化，产生的一种荒谬的，怎么说呢……“文明觉醒”？

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表音文字的大发展亦是这种征服—侵略性文明觉醒的一部分。

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注意，我这里不是说表音文字代表着一种侵略性，我是说没有文化体系之间的侵略—征服性的剧烈变动，不同文化的文字交流，不可能如此激烈、急切的表达成为一种语音的符号转译，而不是认知的符号实践。

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实际上古埃及的象形文字的在异族入侵压力下的大变迁，就体现了这一点：

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埃及人和赫梯人的区别该如何建立？如果说在埃及鼎盛时期这一问题可以被忽略，那么当异族已经入主帝国，成为了埃及主人的时候，文化就开始了其“内化”的过程。
这一过程已经无法从当下的危机中寻求力量，反省过去成为了一个契机。
每一个文明、文化、或者民族个体，当它们觉察到自身的存在（这种觉察最容易被文明的存亡危机所激活）的时候，为自己寻求与他者边界的意图就开始变得紧迫了起来。
一个文化工具必须为其存在提供一个过去的源头，这个源头不能再是理所当然的关于当下的自然延展。变化带来的冲击必须的得到解释，觉察正在从流动的体验中渴望寻找到永恒的线索。这就是历史的最初冲动吗？
埃及人选择了神庙作为过去的源头。毕竟在埃及的神话中神庙建立在原初世界那混沌中最初的土堆之上。那是神圣的，那是创世的最高起源。
于是神庙在埃及文化后起的异族危机中开始层层包裹，与外界隔离的欲望在建筑结构的封闭中不停的体现了出来。神庙里的象形文字从 700 个激增到 7000 个，这个时候独立的文字已经无法承担精确性的历史追求，如果说当下为歧义提供了最丰满的语境，那么死去的历史重建则远离了这种丰满，它渴望更为精确的区别，历史追求的是一种无可置疑的，刻板而繁杂的奠基。
这是文明的边界、民族的壁垒。
——死后的历史：大传统构建的文本过去
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一种象形—表意文字的衰落，往往是一个文明即将被彻底替代的标志。

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后来者并不愿意完全传承过去的历史，而是从它的尸体中寻找重新搭建征服者文化的技术。

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从这一次大入侵→大征服之后，表意文字所代表的，那个人类早期，创造了一切认知基底的神话时代，在世界大部分地区就结束了。

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表意文字所代表的那种基于体验—觉察为基底的，认知形态也开始被抛弃。

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但在东亚区域的华夏文明圈却保留了这种认知形态。

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这就是为什么在很多迷恋客观性—对象化思维的现代人来说，中国传统文化总会被谩骂成为一种活该在近代落后的，没有科学—理性精神的落后文明的原因。

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但这种思维的可悲，就像表音和表意文字的线性—替代—进步思维一样，就像把科学和技术实践做出强绑定，货币和以物易物做出强绑定，信息和文字做出强绑定一样，它纯粹就是一种客观性思维的产物，而从来不可能提供一种有效的对何为客观性思维的审查：

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一切所谓工具理性，实验精神都不是一种“系统”，更不是什么拥有本质的精神，它从头到尾就是一种——民俗。
一切基于“工程操作”理念的认知集合（比如工具、实验……），都不过是一种技术手册，这个技术手册中的一切经验规律，都根本不需要进行——哲学化的确定性总结，也就是所谓的——科学。
也就是说，你以为科学的巨大价值，无非是一个鸠占鹊巢的游戏，而这个游戏的始作俑者，就是哲学的现代化构造——科学精神：
【以下是我们准备支持的哲学观点：科学精神必须在反自然、反我们身上和身外的本性冲动和号令中，反自然的驱使、反色彩斑斓和多样的事实中形成。
——巴什拉《科学精神的形成》】
巴什拉在他的这本著作中，最准确但同时在我看来也是最可笑的展示了这种科学精神最实质的内涵——科学的政治性规约。
科学的一切操作根本没有任何创造性可言，在大部分技术环节，“科学”这个概念是毫无价值，也是毫无意义的，它唯一的作用，就是在一切“多样性”、“自然而然”、“色彩斑斓”、“事实”的实践—实验之后，来按照一种既定的标准对这一切实践做出“价值裁决”。
这个价值裁决，才是“科学”这个概念能够在现代社会发挥效用的——唯一目的。
——如今的哲学变成什么样了？
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这就是信息→语音→语言→文字，在科学陈述中的，一切所谓合理性的来源。

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好了，当我们弄清楚了在认知诞生的初期，表意文字的演化所扮演的角色，我们就会明白为什么表音文字，在这种视域下，根本没有跟表意文字进行对比的空间。

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同时，如果我们也熟悉了表音文字自身大发展，是如何与神话时代晚期的，人类最早的一次入侵所带来的征服文化的大崛起的历史息息相关的，那么“客观性—对象化—神学化”思维为什么在表音文字中如此核心，就实在不那么奇怪了。

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那么，当我们掌握了这些“区别”，我们回到中国的表意文字，回想一下近代拉丁化思潮对它的口诛笔伐，是不是就有了一些理解其历史原因的线索？

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所以，为什么唯独中国的文字几经变迁，备受摧残，却最终仍然没有丢弃自己的“表意”？

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这个文字和它那遥远过去的“根”到底是什么关系？

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对这一切的摸索就要靠我们自己各自的志趣了。

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毕竟，这个时代，我们自身文化的研究，恐怕大部分的主流，也在科学的名义下，实在表音化了……。

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查看知乎讨论
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\n\n\n\n", - "category": "", - "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783360", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Wed, 20 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "资讯", - "feed": "知乎", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "7d68fe4f8bbcde2f80076e4f53d8ebe6", + "hash": "6f4f216f2cb8a9acf5e813d2b825fedf", "highlights": [] }, { @@ -3046,6 +2606,28 @@ "hash": "eaaca44e17d611d659fc49a5623d33d9", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "Chrome 用户注意：你的浏览器将被迫「种树」10年，才能续命？", + "description": "来自路透社的也不知道是认真的还是认真的消息，德国的非营利性搜索引擎 Ecosia 已经向 Google 母公司 Alphabet 提交了一项提案：接管 Chrome 浏览器，种树，为期 10 年。@Appinn 根据该提案，Google 将把 Chrome 浏览器独立为一个基金会，同时 Google ", + "content": "\n
\"Chrome
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来自路透社的也不知道是认真的还是认真的消息，德国的非营利性搜索引擎 Ecosia 已经向 Google 母公司 Alphabet 提交了一项提案：接管 Chrome 浏览器，种树，为期 10 年。@Appinn

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\"Chrome
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根据该提案，Google 将把 Chrome 浏览器独立为一个基金会，同时 Google 保留最终所有权和知识产权。然后将为期十年的运营责任免费交给 Ecosia。在此期间，Ecosia 会将 Chrome 部分利润用于气候行动（主要是种树），其余利润则作为管理补偿返还给 Google。

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截止目前，Google 没有回应置评请求。

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Ecosia 是谁？

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Ecosia 是一家总部位于德国柏林的社会企业，成立于2009年。它主营的产品是“Ecosia搜索引擎”，该搜索引擎的最大特点是：将广告收入的绝大部分（至少80%）用于种植树木和其他气候行动项目。Ecosia 自称已在全球35个国家种植了超过2亿棵树，拥有约两千万活跃用户。

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Ecosia 以“用科技促进环保”为宗旨，追求社会影响力而非利润最大化，积极推进透明和可持续发展。其搜索结果来自微软Bing和Google等合作伙伴，广告收入部分返还用于植树等公益项目。此外，Ecosia也推出了自己的浏览器和AI聊天工具，延伸其绿色理念。

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这让青小蛙想起了不久之前的消息：

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就…有一种拆分 Chrome 愈演愈烈的感觉。

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原文：https://www.appinn.com/chrome-forced-tree-10y/

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[ 点击前往获取链接 ]

", + "category": "业界消息", + "link": "https://www.appinn.com/chrome-forced-tree-10y/", + "creator": "青小蛙", + "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 06:05:13 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "zh", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "小众软件", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "835935259bfb4be920fb80879eda0e88", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "微软8月份更新 Win11，真把用户的 1TB 硬盘炸了？还能抢救吗？KB5063878", "description": "这件事居然是真的，但是！大写的别慌！ 别慌 更新之后，你的操作系统版本将变为 26100.4946。 （下图为青小蛙的开发人员渠道 Windows 11，要新好多） 这两天群里在流传着一张包了浆的图片： 说实话，看到这张图青小蛙内心是毫无波澜的，因为…我也不知道更新没更新，谁记得住这堆数 ", @@ -3068,6 +2650,28 @@ "hash": "1e1b284ae9e1f125c0ab273b4d06f8d0", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "Steam 真相：每10款游戏7款在吃灰，快来查查你中招了吗？", + "description": "摘要：青小蛙从自己的 Steam 好友开始，随机点开了 22 位好友&好友的好友，统计了购买游戏的数量、从未玩过的游戏数量，结果显示：从没玩过的游戏比例为 56.7%，也就是说：这些用户每买 10 个游戏，就有大约 5.7 个是从来没玩过的。原文链接：https://www.appinn.c ", + "content": "\n

摘要：青小蛙从自己的 Steam 好友开始，随机点开了 22 位好友&好友的好友，统计了购买游戏的数量、从未玩过的游戏数量，结果显示：从没玩过的游戏比例为 56.7%，也就是说：这些用户每买 10 个游戏，就有大约 5.7 个是从来没玩过的。
原文链接：https://www.appinn.com/steam-truth-7-in-10-games-unused/

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昨天，小众软件的青小蛙阅读了一篇有趣的文章，叫做《大多数购买你的游戏的人都不会玩它》，这是一位游戏从业者通过 Steam 数据得到的观点。

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而既然能过看到数据，青小蛙来了精神，就从身边的 Steam 好友开始，看看这个数据是否靠谱吧。

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\"Steam
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先说结论

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青小蛙从自己的 Steam 好友开始，随机点开了 22 位好友&好友的好友，统计了购买游戏的数量、从未玩过的游戏数量，结果显示：从没玩过的游戏比例为 56.7%，也就是说：这些用户每买 10 个游戏，就有大约 5.7 个是从来没玩过的。

\n\n\n\n

中位数是 43.61%，这意味着有 11 位好友的未玩比例高于 43.61%。

\n\n\n\n
\"Steam
\n\n\n\n

而这些好友中，有位同学花42元买过9块游戏，结果…一款都没玩过，比例 100.00%！就去掉这个特例吧 \"😂\"

\n\n\n\n

排名第二的同学，花 3255 元（人民币）购买了 282 款游戏，从未玩过的游戏有 204 款，比例 72.34%！

\n\n\n\n
\"Steam
\n\n\n\n

这，就是标题的来源。

\n\n\n\n

青小蛙其他好友的好友的数据

\n\n\n\n

具体数据如下：

\n\n\n\n
用户名总游戏数游戏总价值（元）未玩游戏数未玩游戏价值（元）未玩比例 (%)
Appinn-Luna942925100.00%
Appinn-Leo2823,2552041,42572.34%
Appinn-Mia1911,7121321,22669.11%
Appinn-Noah3,15163,9402,11837,07367.23%
Appinn-Zoe7302,98648393966.16%
Appinn-Ava1092,846701,32064.22%
Appinn-Ella911,8464729251.65%
\n\n\n\n

后面的用图片表示：

\n\n\n\n
\"Steam
\n\n\n\n

游戏从业者的有趣数据

\n\n\n\n

2024年，Simon Carless 有一篇名为《有多少 PC 游戏被购买了但却没有玩过？》的文章里有一项调查，包含了2000多名玩家的数据。

\n\n\n\n

调查结果显示，至少根据玩家的说法： “玩家库中的游戏只有不到一半（44%）的人经常玩； 近四分之一（24%）的人从未玩过 。” 这个数字看起来相当大！

\n\n\n\n

但是，通过 GamingAnalytics 的数据显示，似乎玩家远远低估了自己未玩过的游戏数量：

\n\n\n\n
\"Steam
\n\n\n\n

平均而言， 玩家的 Steam 库中 32.7% 的游戏尚未玩过 。而处于中间位置的玩家 ——也就是“玩得最多%”到“玩得最少%”列表中间的玩家—— 实际上有 51.5% 的 Steam 库游戏尚未玩过 。这占了他们库中所有游戏的绝大部分。

\n\n\n\n

买过 = 玩过

\n\n\n\n

日语里甚至有 “tsundoku” 这个词，意思是买书然后堆起来，明知自己不会读。社交网络上也充斥着“买过 = 玩过”这样的梗。

\n\n\n\n

而 Steam 为用户提供了一个几乎完美的囤货平台，有文件囤积者（甚至有个名次叫松鼠症），也就有游戏囤积者。

\n\n\n\n

黑神话悟空发布一周年

\n\n\n\n

昨天是《黑神话悟空》发布一周年的日子，青小蛙做了一个小小的调查：

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\"Steam
\n\n\n\n

而和青小蛙组建家庭一起打游戏的菜鸟，甚至就停留在了 10小时：

\n\n\n\n
\"Steam
\n\n\n\n

而青小蛙也只是…打到了第三章：

\n\n\n\n
\"Steam
\n\n\n\n

如何查看你自己的 Steam 数据？

\n\n\n\n

SteamDB 网站有一个 Steam Calculator 功能：

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\"Steam
\n\n\n\n

只需要输入你的 Steam 个人档案链接，或者 steamid，就可以查询到很多用户数据：

\n\n\n\n
\"Steam
\n\n\n\n

包括：

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

游戏价格：

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

游戏时间：

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

还能看到 Steam 中的禁令（游戏、VAC、社区、贸易）信誉、徽章等级，你所拥有的人们游戏排名等等。

\n\n\n\n

没事就去看看吧 \"😂\"

\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n

原文：https://www.appinn.com/steam-truth-7-in-10-games-unused/

\n

[ 点击前往获取链接 ]

", + "category": "游戏", + "link": "https://www.appinn.com/steam-truth-7-in-10-games-unused/", + "creator": "青小蛙", + "pubDate": "Thu, 21 Aug 2025 03:09:00 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "zh", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "小众软件", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "535662572a22dc406036e5f729ceaad2", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "Excel 新增 COPILOT 函数，1句话=100个公式？", "description": "Microsoft 365 内部博客发布了一篇名为《使用 Excel 中的 COPILOT 函数将 AI 引入公式》的文章，介绍了 Windows 和 Mac 中 Microsoft Excel 新的 COPILOT() 函数，可以在 Excel 中直接使用自然语言来整理数据、汇总反馈、分类信息。该 ", @@ -3090,6 +2694,28 @@ "hash": "899357c3550efc1f973b89f07a8481a2", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "OpenAI 发布廉价版 ChatGPT Go，每月不到 5 美金", + "description": "OpenAI 刚刚发布了廉价版 ChatGPT Go，可以访问 GPT-5、拥有图片生成、更多上传、高级分析、更长的记忆，售价 ₹399/月（印度卢比），折合人民币 32.93 元，4.58 美金。@Appinn 是的，目前仅针对印度开放。 感谢 窝法乙烷 大佬的推荐。 OpenAI 在今天早上（2 ", + "content": "\n

OpenAI 刚刚发布了廉价版 ChatGPT Go，可以访问 GPT-5、拥有图片生成、更多上传、高级分析、更长的记忆，售价 ₹399/月（印度卢比），折合人民币 32.93 元，4.58 美金。@Appinn

\n\n\n\n

是的，目前仅针对印度开放。

\n\n\n\n
\"OpenAI
\n\n\n\n

感谢 窝法乙烷 大佬的推荐。

\n\n\n\n

OpenAI 在今天早上（2025年8月20日）发布了《What is ChatGPT Go》的文章里，介绍了这个印度专属版本：

\n\n\n\n

ChatGPT Go 是什么？

\n\n\n\n

ChatGPT Go 是一种新的低成本订阅计划，可以以实惠的价格提供对 ChatGPT 最受欢迎的功能的扩展访问。

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

包含的内容

\n\n\n\n

免费计划中包含的所有内容，以及：

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

ChatGPT Go 与 Plus 有何不同？

\n\n\n\n

ChatGPT Go 每月 399 卢比，包括更多的 GPT-5 消息、图像生成和文件上传等多模态工具以及更长的内存ChatGPT Plus 每月 1,999 卢比，包含对思维模型和传统模型（例如 4o）的扩展访问权限，以及深度研究、代理模式和 Sora 视频创作等高级工具。

\n\n\n\n

ChatGPT Go 包含 GPT-5 思维（推理）吗？

\n\n\n\n

ChatGPT Go 中的 GPT-5 会在你提问后自动决定何时使用其思考（推理）模式。如果它没有自动使用思考模式，或者你希望它对答案进行更长时间的思考，你可以随时通过选择 “重试… ”图标并选择 “再思考” 来重新生成答案。

\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n

原文：https://www.appinn.com/openai-chatgpt-go/

\n

[ 点击前往获取链接 ]

", + "category": "业界消息", + "link": "https://www.appinn.com/openai-chatgpt-go/", + "creator": "青小蛙", + "pubDate": "Wed, 20 Aug 2025 04:34:20 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "zh", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "小众软件", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "526c18f9042a78d5eb82405d766f7e65", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "【更新】Ditto 未删库跑路：开发者 GitHub 账号出现问题导致删库，正在恢复中", "description": "2025年8月21日更新：Ditto 回来了： 2025年8月20日更新：来自 善用佳软 的消息，在与 Ditto 开发者沟通之后，得知是个乌龙： Ditto 开发者在发布代码后，由于自己的 GitHub 账号出现问题，导致被删除（整个账号），目前正在联系客服解决中。 以下内容为2025年8月19日 ", @@ -3112,6 +2738,28 @@ "hash": "5df59d0b4eec2147d43efb6ec9d27e88", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "Linux 内核到底是什么？为什么 Linux 在 GitHub（才）获得了20万颗星星？", + "description": "前天晚上，可能是这个地球上最著名的开源项目 Linux，在 GitHub 上（才）获得了第 20 万颗星星，堪称历史性的一刻： 感谢 vlad 同学分享，但是他也没给 Linux 加星星： 实际上，青小蛙也没点 😂毕竟没事也不会去研究 Linux kernel（Linux 内核） 那么问题来了： L ", + "content": "\n
\"Linux
\n\n\n\n

前天晚上，可能是这个地球上最著名的开源项目 Linux，在 GitHub 上（才）获得了第 20 万颗星星，堪称历史性的一刻：

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\"Linux
\n\n\n\n

感谢 vlad 同学分享，但是他也没给 Linux 加星星：

\n\n\n\n
\"Linux
\n\n\n\n

实际上，青小蛙也没点 \"😂\"毕竟没事也不会去研究 Linux kernel（Linux 内核）

\n\n\n\n

那么问题来了：

\n\n\n\n

Linux 内核到底是什么？

\n\n\n\n

这里，有一个故事：

\n\n\n\n

名叫小青蛙的小男孩在一个被遗忘的旧仓库里，他发现了一个惊人的秘密：一架沉睡的巨型机器人。

\n\n\n\n

它静静地矗立在尘埃之中，金属外壳闪烁着微光，充满了神秘的力量。小青蛙的心跳开始加速，他知道，他的冒险即将开始。

\n\n\n
\n
\"Linux
\n\n\n

在驾驶舱里，小启找到了一个布满灰尘的终端（还记得终端是什么吗？）。他吹掉灰尘，手指在键盘上飞舞，输入了一条启动命令。

\n\n\n\n

原文：https://www.appinn.com/what-is-linux-kernel/

\n\n\n\n

瞬间，机器人胸口的核心发出柔和而有力的光芒，一个由光线组成的半透明人形出现在小启面前。

\n\n\n
\n
\"Linux
\n\n\n

“你好，小青蛙”那个全息人说道，“我叫 Linus，是这个机器人的向导。你刚刚唤醒的，是它的核心，也是它的大脑——我们称之为‘内核’。在机器人苏醒的瞬间，内核是第一个醒来的部分，它将负责唤醒其他所有的一切。”

\n\n\n
\n
\"Linux
\n\n\n

Linus 解释说：“内核醒来后的第一项工作，就是进行一次全面的‘点名’。它会检查机器人的每一个部件：手臂（USB端口）、眼睛（摄像头）、耳朵（麦克风）和腿（网卡），确保它们都已准备就绪，并且工作正常。”

\n\n\n\n

“接下来，内核必须管理好机器人的精力和思考空间，” Linus 继续说，“它就像一个高效的交通指挥官，精确地分配着机器人的能量（CPU时间），并为每一个即将运行的任务（进程）安排好专属的‘停车位’（内存）。”

\n\n\n
\n
\"Linux
\n\n\n

小青蛙问：“那机器人怎么才能画画或者播放音乐呢？” Linus 回答：“那些是‘程序’。内核就是一座至关重要的桥梁，它能将你通过程序下达的指令，准确无误地传递给机器人的身体硬件，让它去执行。”

\n\n\n\n

“但这个内核是独一无二的，”Linus 自豪地说（因为是他创造了它），“它是一个‘Linux’内核。这意味着，它的大脑设计图纸是完全公开的。”他挥了挥手，一张巨大而复杂的发光蓝图在他们面前展开，上面布满了精妙的代码和逻辑节点。

\n\n\n
\n
\"Linux
\n\n\n

Linus又展示了来自世界各地的成千上万名工程师和爱好者的影像。“他们所有人都可以查看、研究甚至修改这份蓝图。

\n\n\n\n

他们一起讨论、合作，不断为机器人增添新的功能。这就是‘开源’的力量，集体的智慧让它变得更强。”

\n\n\n
\n
\"Linux
\n\n\n

小青蛙备受鼓舞。

\n\n\n\n

他仔细研究着蓝图，发现了一个他认为可以改进的微小细节——一种能让机器人手指活动更高效的算法。他坐在终端前，全神贯注地开始编写属于自己的那段代码。

\n\n\n\n

青小蛙将他的代码提交给了社区。不久，他的改进方案被采纳了！巨型机器人的手灵活地动了动，做出了一个完美的大拇指朝上的手势。

\n\n\n\n
\"Linux
\n\n\n\n

小青蛙笑了，他明白自己不再只是一个使用者，更是一名创造者。他和内核巨人的旅程，才刚刚开始。

\n\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n

原文：https://www.appinn.com/what-is-linux-kernel/

\n\n\n\n

本文首发于小众软件微信公众号：https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/k-zG5flTIJQpsX3yIpen_Q

\n\n\n\n

包含以下有趣的标签：#它们到底是什么

\n

[ 点击前往获取链接 ]

", + "category": "linux", + "link": "https://www.appinn.com/what-is-linux-kernel/", + "creator": "青小蛙", + "pubDate": "Wed, 20 Aug 2025 03:49:03 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "zh", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "小众软件", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "04d705f1367f569592ddb70303693521", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "终端（Terminal）、TTY 和 Shell，还有 SSH，一次搞懂它们到底是什么？", "description": "本文由 iShell Pro 赞助，这是一款带有AI功能的跨平台免费 SSH 工具 可以点击直接跳转至 iShell Pro 介绍 tty 到底是谁？ 如果你在 macOS、Linux 终端中，见过这个画面，并对 ttys 好奇过的话，那么就一起来研究下，这个 tty 到底是谁？ 😂 计算机中，有这 ", @@ -3134,6 +2782,226 @@ "hash": "abc09f207bb8574a0d1aa13494487fe7", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "地球上强震是不是比过去发生的更频繁了？如何科学应对？", + "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

地球上强震是否变多，得看统计数据。我从 USGS 上搜集了 1990 年 -2025 年全球地震数据[1]，从中统计了大于 7.0 级和大于 8.0 级的地震的数量，如下图。

\n

全球过去 36 年，7.0 级及以上地震一共 520 次，平均每年 14.4 次；8.0 级及以上地震一共 34 次，每年平均 0.94 次。

\n

从下面两张图看，每年大地震（>=7.0）的数量没有持续上升或者减小的趋势，基本都是围绕着均值上下波动。

\n
\"\"
全球 1990-2025 年每年大于 7.0 级地震统计
\n
\"\"
全球 1990-2025 年每年大于 8.0 级地震统计
\n

大家之所以感觉更频繁，我理解可能原因是一次大地震以后，主震会触发余震级联。较多的余震，加上现在媒体曝光度也在提高，让很多余震小震也都被更多的曝光出来，这样给大家造成了大地震变多的错觉。

\n

聊下余震级联，余震的发生率随时间近似遵循下面这个公式，即 Omori 定律，

\n

\"\"

\n

其中，n(t) 表示时间 t 内的余震数量，k 和 c 都是常数，这个是根据某一地区的历史地震数据拟合后得到的参数，p 是一个调节参数，典型的 p 值为 0.7-1.5。总之，随着时间的增加，余震的数量 N(t)会按照一种幂律的方式衰减，即初期余震的数量逐渐下降，随着时间的推移，衰减速度逐渐减慢。而余震也会进一步再次触发余震，形成级联过程[2]，从而会让大家感觉某段时间内地震明显更多的感受。

\n

另外，如果把历史上的不同震级的地震再做一下统计，可以发现下面这个规律。横轴是震级，纵轴是每年的地震发生次数的对数（Log N/year），蓝色是观测，红色是模型，两者几乎重合并呈一条向下的直线，即 Gutenberg–Richter 定律[3]：

\n

\"\"

\n

，这里 N 是给定时间内震级>=M 的地震次数，a 和 b 是拟合的常数。

\n
\"\"
古登堡—里希特定（Gutenberg–Richter）定律
\n

基本上震级每增加 1，频次约降 10 倍，从第一张和第二张图也能看出来。所以，这样一个大量地震的统计和拟合结果也说明，大地震具有比较好的统计规律。所以，不存在地球上强震比过去发生的更频繁。

\n

至于题目里的“科学应对”，我想既然强震没比以往多，那以前怎么过未来就还怎么过。

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", + "content": "
\"头图\"/
\n

地球上强震是否变多，得看统计数据。我从 USGS 上搜集了 1990 年 -2025 年全球地震数据[1]，从中统计了大于 7.0 级和大于 8.0 级的地震的数量，如下图。

\n

全球过去 36 年，7.0 级及以上地震一共 520 次，平均每年 14.4 次；8.0 级及以上地震一共 34 次，每年平均 0.94 次。

\n

从下面两张图看，每年大地震（>=7.0）的数量没有持续上升或者减小的趋势，基本都是围绕着均值上下波动。

\n
\"\"
全球 1990-2025 年每年大于 7.0 级地震统计
\n
\"\"
全球 1990-2025 年每年大于 8.0 级地震统计
\n

大家之所以感觉更频繁，我理解可能原因是一次大地震以后，主震会触发余震级联。较多的余震，加上现在媒体曝光度也在提高，让很多余震小震也都被更多的曝光出来，这样给大家造成了大地震变多的错觉。

\n

聊下余震级联，余震的发生率随时间近似遵循下面这个公式，即 Omori 定律，

\n

\"\"

\n

其中，n(t) 表示时间 t 内的余震数量，k 和 c 都是常数，这个是根据某一地区的历史地震数据拟合后得到的参数，p 是一个调节参数，典型的 p 值为 0.7-1.5。总之，随着时间的增加，余震的数量 N(t)会按照一种幂律的方式衰减，即初期余震的数量逐渐下降，随着时间的推移，衰减速度逐渐减慢。而余震也会进一步再次触发余震，形成级联过程[2]，从而会让大家感觉某段时间内地震明显更多的感受。

\n

另外，如果把历史上的不同震级的地震再做一下统计，可以发现下面这个规律。横轴是震级，纵轴是每年的地震发生次数的对数（Log N/year），蓝色是观测，红色是模型，两者几乎重合并呈一条向下的直线，即 Gutenberg–Richter 定律[3]：

\n

\"\"

\n

，这里 N 是给定时间内震级>=M 的地震次数，a 和 b 是拟合的常数。

\n
\"\"
古登堡—里希特定（Gutenberg–Richter）定律
\n

基本上震级每增加 1，频次约降 10 倍，从第一张和第二张图也能看出来。所以，这样一个大量地震的统计和拟合结果也说明，大地震具有比较好的统计规律。所以，不存在地球上强震比过去发生的更频繁。

\n

至于题目里的“科学应对”，我想既然强震没比以往多，那以前怎么过未来就还怎么过。

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783456", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Sun, 24 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "知乎", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "b9961f13bed9611edbd177173a221f4f", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "母鸡孵蛋的时候不会感到无聊吗？", + "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

母鸡孵蛋可不是趴到蛋上 21 天就行了。在母鸡进入孵蛋模式前，其体内就已经发生了很大的变化，这种变化是由脑垂体分泌的催乳素引起的。

\n

当母鸡进入孵化模式以后，母鸡的基础代谢率会下降，体温会下降 1~2℃，对外界的“应激度”也会降低。

\n

因此，孵化期的母鸡会对周围产生的任何干扰者不再应激，只要达不到威胁母鸡生命的程度，母鸡不会轻易放弃孵蛋，即使离开也会尽快返巢继续孵蛋，也就是老百姓常说的“落稳窝”。

\n

母鸡在孵蛋过程中，需要做的事包括：

\n

一、翻蛋。

\n

翻蛋包含两个方面的内容：

\n

1.把鸡蛋旋转 90°~180°，也就是把蛋“翻个面”，一来可以让蛋整体受热均匀，二来能够改变胚胎位置，防止发育中的胚胎与蛋壳内膜“粘连”。

\n

2.调整巢中鸡蛋的位置，如将外围鸡蛋调到巢中央，或把巢中央的鸡蛋调到外围。因为巢中央的温度比外围高，此举也是为了保证所有鸡蛋受热均匀，避免外围鸡蛋长期低温，影响胚胎发育。

\n

这两项工作经常是同时进行的，翻蛋时，母鸡会用喙轻轻地勾住鸡蛋，然后配合翅膀，把鸡蛋调整一个角度，完成翻蛋。母鸡通常每 2 小时就翻一次蛋，勤快的母鸡甚至 1 个小时就会翻一次蛋。

\n
\"\"
农村母鸡的自然巢穴。尤其是春天，当鸡蛋长期没有被捡走，聚集较多，就很容易“激发”农村土鸡的孵化本能
\n
\"\"
一只正在孵蛋的母鸡
\n

二、维持巢温。

\n

母鸡在孵蛋时，会随时注意窝里的温度，如温度过低，母鸡会将鸡蛋搂得紧凑一些；反之，若温度过高，母鸡会将鸡蛋搂得松散一些。

\n

另外，孵化过程也是个不断变化的过程，在孵化的不同阶段、不同的天气、气温条件下，母鸡也会采取相应的策略。

\n

如在孵化前期，需要的孵化温度高，母鸡翻蛋的频率也高；而在孵化后期，由于蛋中胚胎已经成型，也具有一定的主动产热能力，母鸡会适当降低孵化温度，甚至每天可以离开鸡窝半小时，让鸡蛋自然冷却一段时间，称为“晾蛋”，帮助胚胎散发热量，这也是提高孵化率的关键。

\n
\"\"
小鸡已经出壳（2023 年 3 月，摄于我岳母家的核桃园）
\n
\"\"
第二天，还是那只母鸡，已经在带着小鸡仔外出觅食了，正好本人在收拾蜂箱，割了一大块雄蜂蛹给这些小鸡吃
\n

三、觅食。

\n

“身体是革命的本钱”，虽然大部分时间都在孵化，但它们仍需要进食和饮水以维持体力。通常来说，母鸡在孵化期间，每天会花大约 20 分钟时间吃喝，同时完成排泄。

\n

当然，鸡蛋的孵化期长达 21 天，母鸡在孵化前期可以利用自身的脂肪储备，但在孵化后期，母鸡也会充分利用“晾蛋”的机会，顺便出去快速觅食。鸡主人也会将食物和水尽量放在离孵蛋母鸡近的地方，方便母鸡取食，减少母鸡外出觅食的时间。

\n

因此，且不说母鸡会不会产生人类“感到无聊”这样的情感，在整个孵化器，母鸡每天甚至每个小时都有事情要做，还要时刻保持同一个动作，实际上是很辛苦的。

\n

只是，由于母鸡自然孵蛋效率太低（每次仅能孵蛋约 15 枚），且母鸡在孵蛋和育雏期间会停止产蛋，对农户来说也是一种损失。因此，即便是农村，使用母鸡自然孵蛋也已经变得越来越少了。

\n
\"\"
2023 年 4 月，本人利用孵化期孵化家禽蛋，鸡蛋已经出壳，7 个大蛋是鹅蛋，由于鹅蛋孵化期为 31 天，此时还需要再孵 10 天。
\n
\"\"
10 天后，孵出的 7 只小鹅
\n

延伸阅读：

\n

为什么家养的鸡会孵蛋而家养的鸭子不孵蛋？

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", + "content": "
\"头图\"/
\n

母鸡孵蛋可不是趴到蛋上 21 天就行了。在母鸡进入孵蛋模式前，其体内就已经发生了很大的变化，这种变化是由脑垂体分泌的催乳素引起的。

\n

当母鸡进入孵化模式以后，母鸡的基础代谢率会下降，体温会下降 1~2℃，对外界的“应激度”也会降低。

\n

因此，孵化期的母鸡会对周围产生的任何干扰者不再应激，只要达不到威胁母鸡生命的程度，母鸡不会轻易放弃孵蛋，即使离开也会尽快返巢继续孵蛋，也就是老百姓常说的“落稳窝”。

\n

母鸡在孵蛋过程中，需要做的事包括：

\n

一、翻蛋。

\n

翻蛋包含两个方面的内容：

\n

1.把鸡蛋旋转 90°~180°，也就是把蛋“翻个面”，一来可以让蛋整体受热均匀，二来能够改变胚胎位置，防止发育中的胚胎与蛋壳内膜“粘连”。

\n

2.调整巢中鸡蛋的位置，如将外围鸡蛋调到巢中央，或把巢中央的鸡蛋调到外围。因为巢中央的温度比外围高，此举也是为了保证所有鸡蛋受热均匀，避免外围鸡蛋长期低温，影响胚胎发育。

\n

这两项工作经常是同时进行的，翻蛋时，母鸡会用喙轻轻地勾住鸡蛋，然后配合翅膀，把鸡蛋调整一个角度，完成翻蛋。母鸡通常每 2 小时就翻一次蛋，勤快的母鸡甚至 1 个小时就会翻一次蛋。

\n
\"\"
农村母鸡的自然巢穴。尤其是春天，当鸡蛋长期没有被捡走，聚集较多，就很容易“激发”农村土鸡的孵化本能
\n
\"\"
一只正在孵蛋的母鸡
\n

二、维持巢温。

\n

母鸡在孵蛋时，会随时注意窝里的温度，如温度过低，母鸡会将鸡蛋搂得紧凑一些；反之，若温度过高，母鸡会将鸡蛋搂得松散一些。

\n

另外，孵化过程也是个不断变化的过程，在孵化的不同阶段、不同的天气、气温条件下，母鸡也会采取相应的策略。

\n

如在孵化前期，需要的孵化温度高，母鸡翻蛋的频率也高；而在孵化后期，由于蛋中胚胎已经成型，也具有一定的主动产热能力，母鸡会适当降低孵化温度，甚至每天可以离开鸡窝半小时，让鸡蛋自然冷却一段时间，称为“晾蛋”，帮助胚胎散发热量，这也是提高孵化率的关键。

\n
\"\"
小鸡已经出壳（2023 年 3 月，摄于我岳母家的核桃园）
\n
\"\"
第二天，还是那只母鸡，已经在带着小鸡仔外出觅食了，正好本人在收拾蜂箱，割了一大块雄蜂蛹给这些小鸡吃
\n

三、觅食。

\n

“身体是革命的本钱”，虽然大部分时间都在孵化，但它们仍需要进食和饮水以维持体力。通常来说，母鸡在孵化期间，每天会花大约 20 分钟时间吃喝，同时完成排泄。

\n

当然，鸡蛋的孵化期长达 21 天，母鸡在孵化前期可以利用自身的脂肪储备，但在孵化后期，母鸡也会充分利用“晾蛋”的机会，顺便出去快速觅食。鸡主人也会将食物和水尽量放在离孵蛋母鸡近的地方，方便母鸡取食，减少母鸡外出觅食的时间。

\n

因此，且不说母鸡会不会产生人类“感到无聊”这样的情感，在整个孵化器，母鸡每天甚至每个小时都有事情要做，还要时刻保持同一个动作，实际上是很辛苦的。

\n

只是，由于母鸡自然孵蛋效率太低（每次仅能孵蛋约 15 枚），且母鸡在孵蛋和育雏期间会停止产蛋，对农户来说也是一种损失。因此，即便是农村，使用母鸡自然孵蛋也已经变得越来越少了。

\n
\"\"
2023 年 4 月，本人利用孵化期孵化家禽蛋，鸡蛋已经出壳，7 个大蛋是鹅蛋，由于鹅蛋孵化期为 31 天，此时还需要再孵 10 天。
\n
\"\"
10 天后，孵出的 7 只小鹅
\n

延伸阅读：

\n

为什么家养的鸡会孵蛋而家养的鸭子不孵蛋？

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783443", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Sun, 24 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "知乎", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "86366507ef5efa0e259251dacdd1e58d", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "为啥蜻蜓在雨天也能在外面捕猎呢？", + "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

“蜻蜓在雨天也能在外面捕猎”这个说法，本身对，但也不全对。

\n
\n

你以为的蜻蜓雨天捕猎是这样的：

\n
\"\"
应该是 AI 图
\n

但实际上，蜻蜓并没那么头铁。

\n

你让它去“依萍找她爸要钱那天”那么大的暴雨里飞，那不叫捕猎，那叫挨创。

\n
\"\"
我再也不找我爸要钱了！
\n

一个雨点对蜻蜓来说，动能可能是它体重的几十倍甚至上百倍。

\n

蜻蜓约 1g 重，雨点冲击动能约 2.03mJ。

\n

大致相当于一个约 25 斤的重物从 1 米高处，砸在一个 120 斤重的人头上。

\n

这玩意儿砸蜻蜓身上跟咱被西瓜开瓢没啥区别。

\n
\"\"
\n

所以，我们通常说的“蜻蜓雨天捕猎”，指的是两种情况：

\n
    \n
  1. 毛毛细雨 / 濛濛细雨：雨点小，密度低，对飞行影响没那么致命。
    2. \n
  2. 暴雨前或雨后初歇：气压变化，天气闷热，大量小飞虫（比如蚊子、蠓啥的）被逼到低空活动，移动的蛋白质大礼包。
    3. \n
\n

在这种下，蜻蜓不仅能飞，而且捕猎效率奇高。

\n

为啥？因为平时跟它抢饭吃的友商，早就被这点风雨干趴窝了。

\n

这时候的天空，对于蜻蜓来说，算是“局部空域净化”，整个空域都是它的，视野里能动的，除了雨点，基本都是外卖。

\n

接下来，再絮叨絮叨，为什么蜻蜓雨天捕猎能这么牛逼。

\n

这事儿得分成几个层面说，分别是：硬件配置、飞控系统、雷达系统和作战策略。

\n
\n

一、硬件配置：疏水涂层

\n

你下雨天出门，是不是得打伞穿雨衣？

\n

不然淋成落汤鸡，又冷又重。

\n

蜻蜓其实也怕，但人家出厂自带顶级装备。

\n

它的身体表面，尤其是翅膀，覆盖着一层由几丁质和蜡质组成的角质层。

\n

这玩意儿在微观层面下，不是光滑的，而是布满了纳米级别的微小凸起和沟壑。

\n
\"\"
图源：日立科学仪器
\n

这结构有啥用？

\n

超——级——疏——水！

\n

物理学上管这个叫“荷叶效应”。

\n

水滴落在这上面，由于表面张力的作用，根本无法铺展开，只能形成一个圆滚滚的水珠。

\n

稍微一倾斜，或者一阵微风，水珠就“呲溜”一下滚下去了，顺便还把翅幕上的灰尘给带走了，自带清洁功能。

\n
\"\"
\n

打个比方，这就好比你给你的车刚打完最贵的蜡，或者穿了一件顶级的冲锋衣。

\n

水泼上去，根本不沾。

\n
\"\"
\n

所以，雨点落在蜻蜓翅膀上，根本不会“浸润”打湿翅膀，增加重量，影响气动外形。

\n

小的雨滴直接被弹开，大一点的雨滴就算砸中了，也只是短暂地附着一下，蜻蜓翅膀一振，或者稍微改变下姿态，水珠就滚下去了。

\n

这身疏水材料，是它敢在雨里浪的第一层底气。

\n

不然飞着飞着，翅膀越来越重，跟飞机机翼结冰一样，直接失速坠机了。

\n
\n

二、飞控系统

\n

好了，解决了“湿身”的问题，下一个问题更要命：冲击力。

\n

就像前面说的，一个雨点对蜻蜓来说就是一发西瓜。

\n

哪怕是无人机，在空中被一个跟自己差不多重的玩意儿高速砸一下，飞控系统反应不过来，姿态一乱，基本就没了。

\n
\"\"
很多无人机都这么炸的
\n

但蜻蜓的飞控，很牛逼的。

\n

为啥这么说？

\n

1. 四翅独立驱动，异步扑动：

\n

蜻蜓牛逼就牛逼在它有两对翅膀，而且这两对翅膀不是同步扇动的。

\n

它的前翅和后翅可以由不同的肌肉控制，以不同的频率、不同的振幅、不同的相位角进行扑动。

\n
\"\"
\n

这种异步扑动带来了什么好处？无与伦比的稳定性和机动性。

\n
    \n
  • 它可以像直升机一样悬停。
    • \n
  • 它可以瞬间加速到很高的速度。
    • \n
  • 它可以倒着飞。
    • \n
  • 它可以近乎 90 度直角转弯。
    • \n
\n

这种飞行能力，在昆虫界就是神。

\n

现在回到下雨的问题。

\n

当一片翅膀，比如左前翅，突然被一个雨点砸中，导致飞行姿态瞬间失衡。

\n

蜻蜓的神经系统会在毫秒级的时间内做出反应，立刻调整其他三片翅膀的扑动方式——比如，右后翅加大力度，左后翅和右前翅改变角度——瞬间就把这个不平衡给抵消掉了。

\n

这就是展示容错。

\n

2. 柔性翅膀的被动减震：

\n

蜻蜓的翅膀也不是一块钢板，它是有弹性的。翅脉构成了框架，中间是柔性的翅膜。

\n

当雨点砸上来的时候，这个冲击力会被翅膀的弹性结构部分吸收和缓冲掉，而不是硬生生地传递给整个身体。

\n
\"\"
液滴撞击柔性基底
\n

这就好比你开车，有悬挂减震和没有悬挂减震的区别。

\n

蜻蜓的翅膀，自带“被动悬挂系统”。

\n

所以，靠着主动飞控 + 被动减震，蜻蜓才能在炮火连天的雨天里，保持优雅的飞行姿态。

\n
\n

三、雷达系统：300 帧的复眼

\n

硬件和飞控都顶级了，那索敌和火控系统呢？

\n

蜻蜓同样是顶配。

\n

说的就是它那对占了脑袋大部分面积的大复眼。

\n
\"\"
密恐慎入
\n

在昆虫里面也是很能打的。

\n

1. 超广角视野：

\n

蜻蜓的复眼，每个都由成千上万个小眼组成，拼接在一起，给了它接近360°无死角的视野。

\n

除了自己后脑勺正后方一小块，其他方向都在它的监控之下。

\n
\"\"
\n

在雨天，威胁和猎物可能来自任何方向，这种全景视野至关重要。

\n

2. 极高的“刷新率”：

\n

这才是最变态的地方。我们人类眼睛的“刷新率”，学名叫“闪烁融合频率”，大概是每秒 60 次（60Hz）。

\n

所以我们看刷新率超过 60Hz 的电影和屏幕，就觉得是流畅的画面了。

\n

（24 帧是刚刚觉得不卡，必须上 60 帧）

\n

你猜蜻蜓的复眼刷新率是多少？高达 200Hz！

\n

这是什么概念？

\n

它眼里的世界，是超级慢动作。

\n

你抬头看下雨，看到的是一片连绵不绝的“雨幕”。

\n

蜻蜓抬头看下雨，看到的是一个个独立的、可以清晰辨认的、以慢动作下落的“水球”。

\n

在它眼里，雨点飞得再快，也跟《黑客帝国》里尼奥躲子弹一样，轨迹清清楚楚。

\n
\"\"
\n

而那个在雨滴缝隙里艰难扑腾的小蚊子，简直就跟静止靶一样，被看得一清二楚。

\n

所以，它能在复杂的雨幕中，精准地计算出自己和猎物的飞行轨迹，以及所有雨滴的轨迹，然后规划出一条完美的拦截路线，一击毙命。

\n
\n

四、躲雨不香吗

\n

最后，我们再讨论一个问题：

\n

蜻蜓为啥非要在雨天出来干活？在家躺着不香吗？

\n

香，但没饭吃。

\n

蜻蜓是纯粹的肉食主义者，而且新陈代谢极快，一天不吃就饿得慌。

\n

哪怕是在幼年水虿时期，也是相当很能吃的，一只水虿一天可以吃掉几十甚至上百只蚊子的幼虫。

\n
\"\"
水虿捕食孑孓
\n

它的一生，不是在捕猎，就是在去捕猎的路上。

\n

对蜻蜓来说是毛毛雨，对蚊子、蠓虫这些体型更小的昆虫来说，那就是“中雨”甚至“大雨”了。

\n

它们的翅膀更容易被打湿，飞行变得笨拙、缓慢，而且为了躲避雨点，它们会飞得很低，活动范围也变小了。

\n

平时活蹦乱跳、满天乱窜的猎物，现在变成了行动迟缓、扎堆出现的高蛋白自助餐。

\n

你说，这种机会，作为天空中的顶级掠食者，它能放过吗？

\n

不能够啊！

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", + "content": "
\"头图\"/
\n

“蜻蜓在雨天也能在外面捕猎”这个说法，本身对，但也不全对。

\n
\n

你以为的蜻蜓雨天捕猎是这样的：

\n
\"\"
应该是 AI 图
\n

但实际上，蜻蜓并没那么头铁。

\n

你让它去“依萍找她爸要钱那天”那么大的暴雨里飞，那不叫捕猎，那叫挨创。

\n
\"\"
我再也不找我爸要钱了！
\n

一个雨点对蜻蜓来说，动能可能是它体重的几十倍甚至上百倍。

\n

蜻蜓约 1g 重，雨点冲击动能约 2.03mJ。

\n

大致相当于一个约 25 斤的重物从 1 米高处，砸在一个 120 斤重的人头上。

\n

这玩意儿砸蜻蜓身上跟咱被西瓜开瓢没啥区别。

\n
\"\"
\n

所以，我们通常说的“蜻蜓雨天捕猎”，指的是两种情况：

\n
    \n
  1. 毛毛细雨 / 濛濛细雨：雨点小，密度低，对飞行影响没那么致命。
    2. \n
  2. 暴雨前或雨后初歇：气压变化，天气闷热，大量小飞虫（比如蚊子、蠓啥的）被逼到低空活动，移动的蛋白质大礼包。
    3. \n
\n

在这种下，蜻蜓不仅能飞，而且捕猎效率奇高。

\n

为啥？因为平时跟它抢饭吃的友商，早就被这点风雨干趴窝了。

\n

这时候的天空，对于蜻蜓来说，算是“局部空域净化”，整个空域都是它的，视野里能动的，除了雨点，基本都是外卖。

\n

接下来，再絮叨絮叨，为什么蜻蜓雨天捕猎能这么牛逼。

\n

这事儿得分成几个层面说，分别是：硬件配置、飞控系统、雷达系统和作战策略。

\n
\n

一、硬件配置：疏水涂层

\n

你下雨天出门，是不是得打伞穿雨衣？

\n

不然淋成落汤鸡，又冷又重。

\n

蜻蜓其实也怕，但人家出厂自带顶级装备。

\n

它的身体表面，尤其是翅膀，覆盖着一层由几丁质和蜡质组成的角质层。

\n

这玩意儿在微观层面下，不是光滑的，而是布满了纳米级别的微小凸起和沟壑。

\n
\"\"
图源：日立科学仪器
\n

这结构有啥用？

\n

超——级——疏——水！

\n

物理学上管这个叫“荷叶效应”。

\n

水滴落在这上面，由于表面张力的作用，根本无法铺展开，只能形成一个圆滚滚的水珠。

\n

稍微一倾斜，或者一阵微风，水珠就“呲溜”一下滚下去了，顺便还把翅幕上的灰尘给带走了，自带清洁功能。

\n
\"\"
\n

打个比方，这就好比你给你的车刚打完最贵的蜡，或者穿了一件顶级的冲锋衣。

\n

水泼上去，根本不沾。

\n
\"\"
\n

所以，雨点落在蜻蜓翅膀上，根本不会“浸润”打湿翅膀，增加重量，影响气动外形。

\n

小的雨滴直接被弹开，大一点的雨滴就算砸中了，也只是短暂地附着一下，蜻蜓翅膀一振，或者稍微改变下姿态，水珠就滚下去了。

\n

这身疏水材料，是它敢在雨里浪的第一层底气。

\n

不然飞着飞着，翅膀越来越重，跟飞机机翼结冰一样，直接失速坠机了。

\n
\n

二、飞控系统

\n

好了，解决了“湿身”的问题，下一个问题更要命：冲击力。

\n

就像前面说的，一个雨点对蜻蜓来说就是一发西瓜。

\n

哪怕是无人机，在空中被一个跟自己差不多重的玩意儿高速砸一下，飞控系统反应不过来，姿态一乱，基本就没了。

\n
\"\"
很多无人机都这么炸的
\n

但蜻蜓的飞控，很牛逼的。

\n

为啥这么说？

\n

1. 四翅独立驱动，异步扑动：

\n

蜻蜓牛逼就牛逼在它有两对翅膀，而且这两对翅膀不是同步扇动的。

\n

它的前翅和后翅可以由不同的肌肉控制，以不同的频率、不同的振幅、不同的相位角进行扑动。

\n
\"\"
\n

这种异步扑动带来了什么好处？无与伦比的稳定性和机动性。

\n
    \n
  • 它可以像直升机一样悬停。
    • \n
  • 它可以瞬间加速到很高的速度。
    • \n
  • 它可以倒着飞。
    • \n
  • 它可以近乎 90 度直角转弯。
    • \n
\n

这种飞行能力，在昆虫界就是神。

\n

现在回到下雨的问题。

\n

当一片翅膀，比如左前翅，突然被一个雨点砸中，导致飞行姿态瞬间失衡。

\n

蜻蜓的神经系统会在毫秒级的时间内做出反应，立刻调整其他三片翅膀的扑动方式——比如，右后翅加大力度，左后翅和右前翅改变角度——瞬间就把这个不平衡给抵消掉了。

\n

这就是展示容错。

\n

2. 柔性翅膀的被动减震：

\n

蜻蜓的翅膀也不是一块钢板，它是有弹性的。翅脉构成了框架，中间是柔性的翅膜。

\n

当雨点砸上来的时候，这个冲击力会被翅膀的弹性结构部分吸收和缓冲掉，而不是硬生生地传递给整个身体。

\n
\"\"
液滴撞击柔性基底
\n

这就好比你开车，有悬挂减震和没有悬挂减震的区别。

\n

蜻蜓的翅膀，自带“被动悬挂系统”。

\n

所以，靠着主动飞控 + 被动减震，蜻蜓才能在炮火连天的雨天里，保持优雅的飞行姿态。

\n
\n

三、雷达系统：300 帧的复眼

\n

硬件和飞控都顶级了，那索敌和火控系统呢？

\n

蜻蜓同样是顶配。

\n

说的就是它那对占了脑袋大部分面积的大复眼。

\n
\"\"
密恐慎入
\n

在昆虫里面也是很能打的。

\n

1. 超广角视野：

\n

蜻蜓的复眼，每个都由成千上万个小眼组成，拼接在一起，给了它接近360°无死角的视野。

\n

除了自己后脑勺正后方一小块，其他方向都在它的监控之下。

\n
\"\"
\n

在雨天，威胁和猎物可能来自任何方向，这种全景视野至关重要。

\n

2. 极高的“刷新率”：

\n

这才是最变态的地方。我们人类眼睛的“刷新率”，学名叫“闪烁融合频率”，大概是每秒 60 次（60Hz）。

\n

所以我们看刷新率超过 60Hz 的电影和屏幕，就觉得是流畅的画面了。

\n

（24 帧是刚刚觉得不卡，必须上 60 帧）

\n

你猜蜻蜓的复眼刷新率是多少？高达 200Hz！

\n

这是什么概念？

\n

它眼里的世界，是超级慢动作。

\n

你抬头看下雨，看到的是一片连绵不绝的“雨幕”。

\n

蜻蜓抬头看下雨，看到的是一个个独立的、可以清晰辨认的、以慢动作下落的“水球”。

\n

在它眼里，雨点飞得再快，也跟《黑客帝国》里尼奥躲子弹一样，轨迹清清楚楚。

\n
\"\"
\n

而那个在雨滴缝隙里艰难扑腾的小蚊子，简直就跟静止靶一样，被看得一清二楚。

\n

所以，它能在复杂的雨幕中，精准地计算出自己和猎物的飞行轨迹，以及所有雨滴的轨迹，然后规划出一条完美的拦截路线，一击毙命。

\n
\n

四、躲雨不香吗

\n

最后，我们再讨论一个问题：

\n

蜻蜓为啥非要在雨天出来干活？在家躺着不香吗？

\n

香，但没饭吃。

\n

蜻蜓是纯粹的肉食主义者，而且新陈代谢极快，一天不吃就饿得慌。

\n

哪怕是在幼年水虿时期，也是相当很能吃的，一只水虿一天可以吃掉几十甚至上百只蚊子的幼虫。

\n
\"\"
水虿捕食孑孓
\n

它的一生，不是在捕猎，就是在去捕猎的路上。

\n

对蜻蜓来说是毛毛雨，对蚊子、蠓虫这些体型更小的昆虫来说，那就是“中雨”甚至“大雨”了。

\n

它们的翅膀更容易被打湿，飞行变得笨拙、缓慢，而且为了躲避雨点，它们会飞得很低，活动范围也变小了。

\n

平时活蹦乱跳、满天乱窜的猎物，现在变成了行动迟缓、扎堆出现的高蛋白自助餐。

\n

你说，这种机会，作为天空中的顶级掠食者，它能放过吗？

\n

不能够啊！

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783433", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "知乎", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "6de60e64229dd02e190caae5bfad35a8", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "研究称吃瓜类食物可以延缓衰老，原理是什么？瓜类有哪些抗老成分？", + "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

好家伙，让我吃口瓜压压惊。

\n

前排省流：确实可以，起作用的是瓜氨酸，放人身上效果几何有待进一步研究。但是靠吃西瓜来补充比起不完全明确的健康收益，承担糖尿病明确的健康风险更大一些。可以偶尔吃点冬瓜、丝瓜，佛系补充。

\n

原文找到了，是中科院上海有机化学研究所朱正江团队 3 月发表在《科学进展》（IF:14.957，综合性期刊 1 区）的一项研究，名称为《瓜氨酸调节小鼠巨噬细胞代谢和炎症以对抗衰老 Citrulline regulates macrophage metabolism and inflammation to counter aging in mice》：

\n
\"\"
\n

朱正江团队先是对不同年龄（6、24、36、52 和 78 周龄）雄性小鼠的脑组织、肝组织和血清样本的代谢变化进行了综合分析，发现有 7 种代谢物随着小鼠的衰老而含量降低。

\n
\"\"
\n

这些代谢物包括 1,5- 无氢葡糖醇、瓜氨酸、环己酸、氧化三甲胺、麦角硫因、鹅丝氨酸和高瓜氨酸。

\n

而之前的一些研究，已经证实 1,5- 无氢葡糖醇 、麦角硫因、氧化三甲胺和高瓜氨酸与衰老有关，他们就先把目标放在了瓜氨酸上。

\n

24 周龄小鼠的各种组织中，瓜氨酸的含量相对 6 周龄小鼠明显下降，在肝中降低最为明显，达到了 50%，脑和血清中则降低了 20%。

\n

24 周龄是小鼠衰老的起点，从这时起它们的免疫系统功能减弱，毛发变得稀疏，反应变得迟钝，身体机能下降。

\n
\"\"
不同年龄小鼠大脑、肝脏和血清中瓜氨酸的相对丰度
\n

然后呢，研究者把瓜氨酸溶解到饮用水中，让雄性年轻小鼠（6 周龄）和雄性老年小鼠（72 周龄）口服补充，他们还选了相同情况的另外两组小鼠做对照，只喝饮用水，不补瓜氨酸。

\n

有关瓜氨酸的补充，持续了 9 周。

\n
\"\"
\n

然后呢，研究者再分析这些小鼠的脑组织、肝组织和血清。

\n

结果，补充了瓜氨酸的小鼠这些样本内的瓜氨酸水平上升，在年老小鼠体内的提升尤为明显，说明口服的补充方式是有效的。

\n

研究者进一步分析衰老相关的指标，然后神奇的事情就发生了：

\n

9 周的瓜氨酸补充后，老年小鼠体重有效下降，脾脏和肝脏的重量也减轻了。

\n
\"\"
\n

与此同时，还有更多的 magic!

\n

补充瓜氨酸的小鼠，细胞衰老的速度变慢了，DNA 损伤修复了，巨噬细胞代谢被调节得明明白白，小鼠体内的炎症水平都降~低~啦~

\n
\"\"
\n

既然在小鼠上可行，那研究人员赶紧去看看人类的情况。

\n

他们寻找了人类的数据，发现随着年龄增长，人类的外周血单核细胞（PBMC）中的瓜氨酸含量也会减少，而补充瓜氨酸后，同样可以抑制与衰老相关的炎症反应。

\n
\"\"
\n

之前也有诸多研究，指出瓜氨酸对人类肌肉生长及保留、血管健康、运动表现（甚至性功能）等方面有积极的作用。

\n

但作用多少，还是要打个问号，只能说有效果。

\n

说到这里，就要谈瓜氨酸的补充量了。

\n

根据不同的研究，瓜氨酸的有效剂量范围为 3~10 克 / 天，换算成瓜氨酸含量最丰富的西瓜，要吃保底 3 斤的瓜....

\n

瓜氨酸补充不了多少，血糖是肯定要爆炸的，延寿能起到的作用没有多少，糖尿病怕是要先吃出来。

\n
\"\"
\n

丝瓜和冬瓜，瓜氨酸含量也不低，热量低、升糖指数低、饱腹感还很强，倒是不错的选择。

\n

不爱吃丝瓜和冬瓜的朋友也不用太焦虑，瓜氨酸作为一种非必需氨基酸，本身就可以在我们体内合成的。

\n

无论如何，按照膳食指南的标准，没有糖尿病的朋友每天吃 350g 的水果对健康肯定是好的~

\n

请大家理性吃瓜，均衡饮食

\n

祝各位健康长寿

\n

以上

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", + "content": "
\"头图\"/
\n

好家伙，让我吃口瓜压压惊。

\n

前排省流：确实可以，起作用的是瓜氨酸，放人身上效果几何有待进一步研究。但是靠吃西瓜来补充比起不完全明确的健康收益，承担糖尿病明确的健康风险更大一些。可以偶尔吃点冬瓜、丝瓜，佛系补充。

\n

原文找到了，是中科院上海有机化学研究所朱正江团队 3 月发表在《科学进展》（IF:14.957，综合性期刊 1 区）的一项研究，名称为《瓜氨酸调节小鼠巨噬细胞代谢和炎症以对抗衰老 Citrulline regulates macrophage metabolism and inflammation to counter aging in mice》：

\n
\"\"
\n

朱正江团队先是对不同年龄（6、24、36、52 和 78 周龄）雄性小鼠的脑组织、肝组织和血清样本的代谢变化进行了综合分析，发现有 7 种代谢物随着小鼠的衰老而含量降低。

\n
\"\"
\n

这些代谢物包括 1,5- 无氢葡糖醇、瓜氨酸、环己酸、氧化三甲胺、麦角硫因、鹅丝氨酸和高瓜氨酸。

\n

而之前的一些研究，已经证实 1,5- 无氢葡糖醇 、麦角硫因、氧化三甲胺和高瓜氨酸与衰老有关，他们就先把目标放在了瓜氨酸上。

\n

24 周龄小鼠的各种组织中，瓜氨酸的含量相对 6 周龄小鼠明显下降，在肝中降低最为明显，达到了 50%，脑和血清中则降低了 20%。

\n

24 周龄是小鼠衰老的起点，从这时起它们的免疫系统功能减弱，毛发变得稀疏，反应变得迟钝，身体机能下降。

\n
\"\"
不同年龄小鼠大脑、肝脏和血清中瓜氨酸的相对丰度
\n

然后呢，研究者把瓜氨酸溶解到饮用水中，让雄性年轻小鼠（6 周龄）和雄性老年小鼠（72 周龄）口服补充，他们还选了相同情况的另外两组小鼠做对照，只喝饮用水，不补瓜氨酸。

\n

有关瓜氨酸的补充，持续了 9 周。

\n
\"\"
\n

然后呢，研究者再分析这些小鼠的脑组织、肝组织和血清。

\n

结果，补充了瓜氨酸的小鼠这些样本内的瓜氨酸水平上升，在年老小鼠体内的提升尤为明显，说明口服的补充方式是有效的。

\n

研究者进一步分析衰老相关的指标，然后神奇的事情就发生了：

\n

9 周的瓜氨酸补充后，老年小鼠体重有效下降，脾脏和肝脏的重量也减轻了。

\n
\"\"
\n

与此同时，还有更多的 magic!

\n

补充瓜氨酸的小鼠，细胞衰老的速度变慢了，DNA 损伤修复了，巨噬细胞代谢被调节得明明白白，小鼠体内的炎症水平都降~低~啦~

\n
\"\"
\n

既然在小鼠上可行，那研究人员赶紧去看看人类的情况。

\n

他们寻找了人类的数据，发现随着年龄增长，人类的外周血单核细胞（PBMC）中的瓜氨酸含量也会减少，而补充瓜氨酸后，同样可以抑制与衰老相关的炎症反应。

\n
\"\"
\n

之前也有诸多研究，指出瓜氨酸对人类肌肉生长及保留、血管健康、运动表现（甚至性功能）等方面有积极的作用。

\n

但作用多少，还是要打个问号，只能说有效果。

\n

说到这里，就要谈瓜氨酸的补充量了。

\n

根据不同的研究，瓜氨酸的有效剂量范围为 3~10 克 / 天，换算成瓜氨酸含量最丰富的西瓜，要吃保底 3 斤的瓜....

\n

瓜氨酸补充不了多少，血糖是肯定要爆炸的，延寿能起到的作用没有多少，糖尿病怕是要先吃出来。

\n
\"\"
\n

丝瓜和冬瓜，瓜氨酸含量也不低，热量低、升糖指数低、饱腹感还很强，倒是不错的选择。

\n

不爱吃丝瓜和冬瓜的朋友也不用太焦虑，瓜氨酸作为一种非必需氨基酸，本身就可以在我们体内合成的。

\n

无论如何，按照膳食指南的标准，没有糖尿病的朋友每天吃 350g 的水果对健康肯定是好的~

\n

请大家理性吃瓜，均衡饮食

\n

祝各位健康长寿

\n

以上

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783419", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "知乎", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "b8031d4aeafb9f32d8e20d63fe42b253", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "老虎舔冰块直接刮下一堆冰渣，它的舌头有多锋利？被老虎舔一下可能造成什么后果？", + "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

我之前就回答过，如果和人打，老虎可能用舌头都能赢。倒不是它的舌头有多锋利，而是上面的“倒刺”很有意思。老虎哪怕是出于善意，往人脸上轻轻舔上那么一小口，人都会遭不住。

\n

一、先介绍一下老虎的舌头和上面的“倒刺”

\n
\"\"
\n

1.老虎舌头上的“倒刺”是什么，有没有杀伤力？

\n

老虎舌头上的这种倒刺，正儿八经的名字叫“丝状乳头”，是密集分布于舌头上的角质化突起，硬度与人类指甲相似。

\n

大家不妨想象一下：如果不小心被“川渝暴龙”长长的指甲刮一下我们都有可能挂彩，何况是这种状如针尖和钩刺般的“指甲”呢，其伤害力和“川渝暴龙”比起来，简直就是真正的霸王龙级别。

\n

而且，不只是老虎，很多猫科动物，如像猫、猞猁、雪豹、金钱豹等的舌头上，也有类似的“倒刺”，结构大同小异。

\n
\"\"
\n

就倒刺的分布而言，在舌根和舌头的边缘位置倒刺较少、较小、较软，在舌头中间部位则较多、较大、较硬。

\n
\"\"
\n

2.老虎舌上“倒刺”的主要用途是什么？

\n

但是，老虎却不是用这玩意儿来杀伤，而是主要用来辅助进食。

\n

老虎吃东西的时候，有些肉会黏在猎物的骨头上，难用牙齿直接咬下来。这时候，舌头上的倒刺就派上了用场。它们就像一把把小刮刀，帮助老虎轻轻地把黏在骨头上的肉刮下来，让老虎吃得更干净、更满足。

\n
\"\"
\n

另外，还可以用来梳理（清理）毛发‌。这时候，倒刺会像梳子般游走于毛发之间，清除寄生虫、刮去灰尘，维护皮肤健康。‌‌

\n

比如，用来清理自己↓

\n
\"\"
\n

或用来清理幼崽↓

\n
\"\"
\n

额~~~，图放错了，重来↓

\n
\"\"
\n

或者，相互清理↓

\n
\"\"
\n

当然，唾液也能通过倒刺的空腔输送至表面，兼具清洁和降温功能，就像二哈那样吐舌散热。

\n
\"\"
\n

前面讲过，倒刺在舌头中间多而硬，在边缘少儿软，所以，估计它们在辅助进食时，中部用得多一些，舔小宝宝和清理毛发时，边缘用得较多。

\n

二、再重申一下老虎的威慑力

\n

大家千万不要以为，老虎就舌头厉害。其实，无论是体型、掌爪、身法，老虎样样都顶尖，人类（包括其他大多数陆生哺乳动物）在它面前，都弱得一批。

\n

要知道，有威慑力的老虎，可不是这玩意儿↓

\n
\"\"
\n

也不是这种状态↓

\n
\"\"
\n

而是，这样的大家伙↓

\n
\"\"
\n

它的压迫感满满，光是气势这块，就没输过谁。

\n

1.老虎的体型比我们想象中大很多

\n

俗话说，“骂架看嗓门，打架看块头”。老虎的块头很大的，据说雄性东北虎体长最大可达 3.7 米、体重最大可达 423 千克。连最小苏门答腊虎雄虎体长都可达 2.34 米、体重可达 136 千克。这种体型，可不是人能抗衡的。它们的站立高度一般都有 2 至 3 米。‌‌‌‌

\n

瞧瞧这体型和高度↓

\n
\"\"
\n

再看看这个↓

\n
\"\"
\n

在这样的大家伙面前，在这样大的体型差距下，人类还能有什么胜算？

\n
\"\"
\n

2.老虎的掌（爪）是它们的致命武器

\n

对老虎来说，“嘴是一扇门，全靠爪打人”，没错，它们的看家本领就是爪（掌）击。

\n
据说，东北虎的掌力比狮子还大 10％左右，居猫科动物之冠。成年雄性东北虎掌力可达 1000 千克左右，成年雌性东北虎也可达 800-900 千克左右。
\n

因此，老虎的爪趾虽然不能像人那样握紧成拳来进行攻击，但仅凭一对有力的掌（爪）就足以击败（甚至灭杀）大多数陆地哺乳动物。

\n

先看看它们自己击掌友谊赛的力度和速率

\n
\"\"
\n

再看看它们锋利的爪子

\n
\"\"
\n

再看看他们掌虐狮子有多轻松，一掌拍歪狮子头。人的头在它面前，估计软得就像红烧“狮子头”。

\n
\"\"
\n

再来，三下五除二，掌服你个“软狮（柿）子”

\n
\"\"
\n

3.老虎的身法也是矫健无比

\n

它们上天可打鸟

\n
\"\"
\n

下水可捉鱼

\n
\"\"
\n

额~~~，又错了，换一张

\n
\"\"
\n

甚至还可以潜入水底

\n
\"\"
\n

立定跳远，能轻松越过小河

\n
\"\"
\n

纵身一跃，接近“两三层楼那么高”

\n
\"\"
\n

这种身法，人在他面前就像块木头那样呆，像个蜗牛那么慢。

\n

打不过，也别想着跑。老虎的速度最高可达 72-88 公里 / 小时，“世界上最快的男人”博尔特 100 米竞赛记录是 9 秒 58(约 36 公里 / 小时)，在老虎面前也弱得一批。千万别试图在他面前逃跑，当它瞄准你飞扑过来时，你最好祈祷它那巴掌扇得温柔一点。

\n
\"\"
\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", + "content": "
\"头图\"/
\n

我之前就回答过，如果和人打，老虎可能用舌头都能赢。倒不是它的舌头有多锋利，而是上面的“倒刺”很有意思。老虎哪怕是出于善意，往人脸上轻轻舔上那么一小口，人都会遭不住。

\n

一、先介绍一下老虎的舌头和上面的“倒刺”

\n
\"\"
\n

1.老虎舌头上的“倒刺”是什么，有没有杀伤力？

\n

老虎舌头上的这种倒刺，正儿八经的名字叫“丝状乳头”，是密集分布于舌头上的角质化突起，硬度与人类指甲相似。

\n

大家不妨想象一下：如果不小心被“川渝暴龙”长长的指甲刮一下我们都有可能挂彩，何况是这种状如针尖和钩刺般的“指甲”呢，其伤害力和“川渝暴龙”比起来，简直就是真正的霸王龙级别。

\n

而且，不只是老虎，很多猫科动物，如像猫、猞猁、雪豹、金钱豹等的舌头上，也有类似的“倒刺”，结构大同小异。

\n
\"\"
\n

就倒刺的分布而言，在舌根和舌头的边缘位置倒刺较少、较小、较软，在舌头中间部位则较多、较大、较硬。

\n
\"\"
\n

2.老虎舌上“倒刺”的主要用途是什么？

\n

但是，老虎却不是用这玩意儿来杀伤，而是主要用来辅助进食。

\n

老虎吃东西的时候，有些肉会黏在猎物的骨头上，难用牙齿直接咬下来。这时候，舌头上的倒刺就派上了用场。它们就像一把把小刮刀，帮助老虎轻轻地把黏在骨头上的肉刮下来，让老虎吃得更干净、更满足。

\n
\"\"
\n

另外，还可以用来梳理（清理）毛发‌。这时候，倒刺会像梳子般游走于毛发之间，清除寄生虫、刮去灰尘，维护皮肤健康。‌‌

\n

比如，用来清理自己↓

\n
\"\"
\n

或用来清理幼崽↓

\n
\"\"
\n

额~~~，图放错了，重来↓

\n
\"\"
\n

或者，相互清理↓

\n
\"\"
\n

当然，唾液也能通过倒刺的空腔输送至表面，兼具清洁和降温功能，就像二哈那样吐舌散热。

\n
\"\"
\n

前面讲过，倒刺在舌头中间多而硬，在边缘少儿软，所以，估计它们在辅助进食时，中部用得多一些，舔小宝宝和清理毛发时，边缘用得较多。

\n

二、再重申一下老虎的威慑力

\n

大家千万不要以为，老虎就舌头厉害。其实，无论是体型、掌爪、身法，老虎样样都顶尖，人类（包括其他大多数陆生哺乳动物）在它面前，都弱得一批。

\n

要知道，有威慑力的老虎，可不是这玩意儿↓

\n
\"\"
\n

也不是这种状态↓

\n
\"\"
\n

而是，这样的大家伙↓

\n
\"\"
\n

它的压迫感满满，光是气势这块，就没输过谁。

\n

1.老虎的体型比我们想象中大很多

\n

俗话说，“骂架看嗓门，打架看块头”。老虎的块头很大的，据说雄性东北虎体长最大可达 3.7 米、体重最大可达 423 千克。连最小苏门答腊虎雄虎体长都可达 2.34 米、体重可达 136 千克。这种体型，可不是人能抗衡的。它们的站立高度一般都有 2 至 3 米。‌‌‌‌

\n

瞧瞧这体型和高度↓

\n
\"\"
\n

再看看这个↓

\n
\"\"
\n

在这样的大家伙面前，在这样大的体型差距下，人类还能有什么胜算？

\n
\"\"
\n

2.老虎的掌（爪）是它们的致命武器

\n

对老虎来说，“嘴是一扇门，全靠爪打人”，没错，它们的看家本领就是爪（掌）击。

\n
据说，东北虎的掌力比狮子还大 10％左右，居猫科动物之冠。成年雄性东北虎掌力可达 1000 千克左右，成年雌性东北虎也可达 800-900 千克左右。
\n

因此，老虎的爪趾虽然不能像人那样握紧成拳来进行攻击，但仅凭一对有力的掌（爪）就足以击败（甚至灭杀）大多数陆地哺乳动物。

\n

先看看它们自己击掌友谊赛的力度和速率

\n
\"\"
\n

再看看它们锋利的爪子

\n
\"\"
\n

再看看他们掌虐狮子有多轻松，一掌拍歪狮子头。人的头在它面前，估计软得就像红烧“狮子头”。

\n
\"\"
\n

再来，三下五除二，掌服你个“软狮（柿）子”

\n
\"\"
\n

3.老虎的身法也是矫健无比

\n

它们上天可打鸟

\n
\"\"
\n

下水可捉鱼

\n
\"\"
\n

额~~~，又错了，换一张

\n
\"\"
\n

甚至还可以潜入水底

\n
\"\"
\n

立定跳远，能轻松越过小河

\n
\"\"
\n

纵身一跃，接近“两三层楼那么高”

\n
\"\"
\n

这种身法，人在他面前就像块木头那样呆，像个蜗牛那么慢。

\n

打不过，也别想着跑。老虎的速度最高可达 72-88 公里 / 小时，“世界上最快的男人”博尔特 100 米竞赛记录是 9 秒 58(约 36 公里 / 小时)，在老虎面前也弱得一批。千万别试图在他面前逃跑，当它瞄准你飞扑过来时，你最好祈祷它那巴掌扇得温柔一点。

\n
\"\"
\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783410", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "知乎", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "a3d9f8c210dca65f2c4f19d6c23c2559", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "大洋中有无人岛，那么大沙漠中是否有无人绿洲?", + "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

有。

\n

而且很多。

\n
\"\"
塔里木河尾闾湖台特玛湖
\n

因为，人这种物种，看似顽强，实则，和动植物相比，对生存环境的要求还是很高的。

\n

大沙漠中，有很多有水，有草，有树，有动物的区域，因为种种现实条件限制，人类无法定居。

\n

比如说，沙漠内部内流河的尾闾湖。

\n
\"\"
石羊河尾闾湖青土湖
\n

绿洲本意是在大尺度的荒漠里，小范围内，具有一定规模的生物群落，相对比较稳定，具有明显的小气候的区域。

\n

内流河的尾闾湖中，有很多深处大沙漠中，有稳定的生物群落，有茂盛的植物（芦苇，胡杨林，红柳等），多样的动物（水鸟，啮齿类动物），有比沙漠更湿润的小气候。

\n

但是，因为水源是季节性的，不稳定的水源，或者因为水质较差，因此人类无法（不愿）在此定居。

\n

比如台特玛湖。

\n
\"\"
\n
\"\"
\n

台特玛湖是塔里木河和车尔臣河共同的尾闾湖，位置在若羌县城以北大约 100 里。

\n

台特玛湖深居我国第一大沙漠，塔克拉玛干沙漠内部。

\n

目前台特玛湖在丰水期，水域面积大约在 88 平方千米，大约相当于 13 个西湖。

\n

曾经因为塔里木河和车尔臣河流域内截流灌溉，河流断流，台特玛湖在上个世纪的后半段，曾经长时间干涸。

\n

在 2000 年后，因为车尔臣河水量增加，塔里木河流域内水利调度，生态输水，台特玛湖逐渐恢复。

\n

沙漠地区只要是有水，植被会很快恢复。

\n

随之恢复的是动物种群。

\n

目前台特玛湖监测到的鸟类，有白鹭、赤麻鸭、鸬鹚、野鸭、红嘴鸥、灰鹤、文须雀等近 30 种鸟类。

\n
\"\"
\n

动植物对环境的变化总是敏感的。

\n

而且，绿洲对小气候的影响也是显而易见的。

\n

随之台特玛湖的恢复，绿洲内沙尘天数降低，大风强度下降，空气湿度上升。

\n

但是这样有水，有草，有鸟的区域并不适合人类居住。

\n
\"\"
\n

一来，因为没有足够的水源供农业生产。

\n

这里的水本就是塔里木河和车尔臣河流域内，压缩农业生产省下来的水，是为了恢复生态用的。

\n

二来，有水，也是季节性的。

\n

夏秋季，塔里木河和车尔臣河处于汛期时，才会有水流入台特玛湖。

\n

其余季节并没有多余的水。

\n

三来，即便其它季节湖内仍有积水，但是，内流湖盐碱度普遍高。

\n

偏咸的水体，耐盐碱的植物能够适应生长，湿地水鸟也能够适应并愉快栖息，人类却不能饮用，也不能用这样的水灌溉。

\n

所以啊，人类的适应性，比动植物差很多。

\n

当然了，只是不能定居和生产，去旅游或者从 G218 上开车经过的人还是挺多的。

\n
\"\"
\n

这种情况算不算无人绿洲，见仁见智吧！

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", + "content": "
\"头图\"/
\n

有。

\n

而且很多。

\n
\"\"
塔里木河尾闾湖台特玛湖
\n

因为，人这种物种，看似顽强，实则，和动植物相比，对生存环境的要求还是很高的。

\n

大沙漠中，有很多有水，有草，有树，有动物的区域，因为种种现实条件限制，人类无法定居。

\n

比如说，沙漠内部内流河的尾闾湖。

\n
\"\"
石羊河尾闾湖青土湖
\n

绿洲本意是在大尺度的荒漠里，小范围内，具有一定规模的生物群落，相对比较稳定，具有明显的小气候的区域。

\n

内流河的尾闾湖中，有很多深处大沙漠中，有稳定的生物群落，有茂盛的植物（芦苇，胡杨林，红柳等），多样的动物（水鸟，啮齿类动物），有比沙漠更湿润的小气候。

\n

但是，因为水源是季节性的，不稳定的水源，或者因为水质较差，因此人类无法（不愿）在此定居。

\n

比如台特玛湖。

\n
\"\"
\n
\"\"
\n

台特玛湖是塔里木河和车尔臣河共同的尾闾湖，位置在若羌县城以北大约 100 里。

\n

台特玛湖深居我国第一大沙漠，塔克拉玛干沙漠内部。

\n

目前台特玛湖在丰水期，水域面积大约在 88 平方千米，大约相当于 13 个西湖。

\n

曾经因为塔里木河和车尔臣河流域内截流灌溉，河流断流，台特玛湖在上个世纪的后半段，曾经长时间干涸。

\n

在 2000 年后，因为车尔臣河水量增加，塔里木河流域内水利调度，生态输水，台特玛湖逐渐恢复。

\n

沙漠地区只要是有水，植被会很快恢复。

\n

随之恢复的是动物种群。

\n

目前台特玛湖监测到的鸟类，有白鹭、赤麻鸭、鸬鹚、野鸭、红嘴鸥、灰鹤、文须雀等近 30 种鸟类。

\n
\"\"
\n

动植物对环境的变化总是敏感的。

\n

而且，绿洲对小气候的影响也是显而易见的。

\n

随之台特玛湖的恢复，绿洲内沙尘天数降低，大风强度下降，空气湿度上升。

\n

但是这样有水，有草，有鸟的区域并不适合人类居住。

\n
\"\"
\n

一来，因为没有足够的水源供农业生产。

\n

这里的水本就是塔里木河和车尔臣河流域内，压缩农业生产省下来的水，是为了恢复生态用的。

\n

二来，有水，也是季节性的。

\n

夏秋季，塔里木河和车尔臣河处于汛期时，才会有水流入台特玛湖。

\n

其余季节并没有多余的水。

\n

三来，即便其它季节湖内仍有积水，但是，内流湖盐碱度普遍高。

\n

偏咸的水体，耐盐碱的植物能够适应生长，湿地水鸟也能够适应并愉快栖息，人类却不能饮用，也不能用这样的水灌溉。

\n

所以啊，人类的适应性，比动植物差很多。

\n

当然了，只是不能定居和生产，去旅游或者从 G218 上开车经过的人还是挺多的。

\n
\"\"
\n

这种情况算不算无人绿洲，见仁见智吧！

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783398", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "知乎", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "7c0d4990073455f0210bedf1717a7f76", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "生物可以合成纤维，也可以合成塑料，那么能不能长出复合材料的支撑结构？", + "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

能。刚好一大学的录取通知书中有蘑菇纸，其关键——「菌丝体」就是一种复合材料支撑结构。

\n

什么是菌丝体？

\n
菌菇类的菌丝在基质中或培养基上蔓延伸展，反复分枝网状成菌丝群，通称菌丝体[1]。
\n
\"\"
一种菇类的菌丝体外观
\n
\"\"
菌丝体三维结构示意图
\n

这个菌丝体很有意思，在一定条件下可以利用其三维立体网状结构将植物纤维紧密粘黏在一起，构成一种天然的植物纤维符合材料。这种材料绿色、环保、可降解，可以应用在包装、服装、建筑材料等领域。

\n
\"\"
\n
\"\"
一种菌类的菌丝与纤维制成的复合材料应用构想
\n

这种菌丝体复合材料的概念是怎么来的呢？

\n

2007 年，大漂亮国的研究团队首先提出了一种菌丝体复合材料的概念：

\n
自然界中广泛存在的真菌能利用秸秆、木屑、稻壳等作为基质，形成血管状分枝的三维立体网络结构的菌丝体。这种网状菌丝体就像黏合剂一样，将不连续的植物纤维紧密结合在一起，形成一种天然的生物复合材料。这种菌丝体复合材料对环境友好、绿色，可再生，有着广泛的用途[2]。
\n

在国内，吉林农业大学的科研团队经过大量的试验，甄选出一种灵芝菌种作为培养菌丝的基体，用果糖作为主要营养物质，把培养出的灵芝菌丝增强玉米秸秆的纤维，制备出了一种菌丝增强符合材料，并通过热压成型等工艺将复合材料制成板材或薄如纸张的材料（如录取通知书内页等）[3]。

\n
\"\"
\n

这就是最近比较火的「菌菇纸」通知书的由来。这种纸本质上是一种菌丝增强复核材料，只不过它的原材料均为天然材质，且未经过传统造纸工艺，也未添加化学试剂，所以它绿色、环保、天然，理论上也可以吃。

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", + "content": "
\"头图\"/
\n

能。刚好一大学的录取通知书中有蘑菇纸，其关键——「菌丝体」就是一种复合材料支撑结构。

\n

什么是菌丝体？

\n
菌菇类的菌丝在基质中或培养基上蔓延伸展，反复分枝网状成菌丝群，通称菌丝体[1]。
\n
\"\"
一种菇类的菌丝体外观
\n
\"\"
菌丝体三维结构示意图
\n

这个菌丝体很有意思，在一定条件下可以利用其三维立体网状结构将植物纤维紧密粘黏在一起，构成一种天然的植物纤维符合材料。这种材料绿色、环保、可降解，可以应用在包装、服装、建筑材料等领域。

\n
\"\"
\n
\"\"
一种菌类的菌丝与纤维制成的复合材料应用构想
\n

这种菌丝体复合材料的概念是怎么来的呢？

\n

2007 年，大漂亮国的研究团队首先提出了一种菌丝体复合材料的概念：

\n
自然界中广泛存在的真菌能利用秸秆、木屑、稻壳等作为基质，形成血管状分枝的三维立体网络结构的菌丝体。这种网状菌丝体就像黏合剂一样，将不连续的植物纤维紧密结合在一起，形成一种天然的生物复合材料。这种菌丝体复合材料对环境友好、绿色，可再生，有着广泛的用途[2]。
\n

在国内，吉林农业大学的科研团队经过大量的试验，甄选出一种灵芝菌种作为培养菌丝的基体，用果糖作为主要营养物质，把培养出的灵芝菌丝增强玉米秸秆的纤维，制备出了一种菌丝增强符合材料，并通过热压成型等工艺将复合材料制成板材或薄如纸张的材料（如录取通知书内页等）[3]。

\n
\"\"
\n

这就是最近比较火的「菌菇纸」通知书的由来。这种纸本质上是一种菌丝增强复核材料，只不过它的原材料均为天然材质，且未经过传统造纸工艺，也未添加化学试剂，所以它绿色、环保、天然，理论上也可以吃。

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783385", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Thu, 21 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "知乎", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "40f276790bd9e7f2713162d5c14af1db", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "为什么圣旨不值钱？", + "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

先说结论：题主对于“高价”的定义标准实在过于苛刻。首先要明确，在文物艺术品市场上书画、瓷器属于艺术品，而圣旨通常被归类为文献典籍。文献典籍的价格天然就要低于艺术品。其次确实有卖上千万的书画、瓷器，但它们在整个市场上也属于凤毛麟角，而且这些能卖上千万的书画、瓷器必然有其特别过人之处，尤其在稀有性以及艺术性的体现上。

\n
\"\"
\n

明 成化 斗彩鸡缸杯 HK 苏富比 2014 年春拍 2.8 亿释出 龙美术馆收藏

\n
\"\"
\n

晋 王羲之 草书《平安帖》中国嘉德 2010 年秋拍 3.08 亿释出 龙美术馆收藏

\n
\"\"
\n

宋 陈容 《六龙图》NY 佳士得 2017 年春拍约人民币 3 亿（4896.75 万美元）释出 龙美术馆收藏

\n

而存世能交易的圣旨，绝大多数的珍稀性就一般，更遑论其艺术性了，因此自然不会出现上千万成交价的圣旨。但坦率来说，我认为目前市场上类似下面这样的圣旨，其成交价格已经不算低了，至少绝对不是题主所谓的“不值钱”。

\n
\"\"
\n

清 乾隆庚辰（1760）圣旨诰命 LD 佳士得 2017 年 5 月 72.66 万释出

\n
\"\"
\n

明 万历八年（1580）圣旨诰命 上海博古斋 2016 年春拍 71.3 万释出

\n

以下对“圣旨”展开做些介绍与讨论，以便读者能更好地理解为什么圣旨在市场上只能卖这个价。

\n

圣旨是中国封建社会皇帝制、诏、诰、敕、谕、旨、批等命令的总称。现社会上流传的所谓“圣旨”，多为明清皇帝封赠官员及其先人、妻室的诰命与敕命。诰命 / 敕命是皇帝对臣僚或赐予官阶或封赠爵号并赋予一定特权的凭证文书，生者为封，死者为赠，按照授予对象不同的品级，以不同的材料进行缮写，即所谓“封赠制度”。

\n

由于目前市场上所能见到的诰命 / 敕命都属于明、清两代的制品，因此我也只对这一时期的“封赠制度”加以说明。

\n

通常来说，接受封赠的人员包括以下四类：一、宗室及外戚；二、文武官员；三、边疆少数民族领袖或宗教领袖；四、藩属国的宗室。但现实市场上，我们能遇到的圣旨基本都来自第二类人员，这就注定了其文献价值高度有限。

\n

文武官员接受封赠的条件，明代通常是三年考满合格，个别时期严格点可能还要求有相应的政绩。清代在基本沿袭明代惯例的基础上，还对有功绩的官员额外有封赠。而不同品级的官员接受封赠的次数还不相同，明清两代循例“一品封赠三代，二、三品封赠二代，四品至七品封赠一代，八、九品只封赠本人”。这也意味着伴随仕途的迁升，官员会不断被“封赠”，潜台词也就是存世诰命 / 敕命的数量不会太少，尤其是清代中晚期以后的此类制品。而数量多也意味着其稀缺性有限。

\n

我之前发了一条想法，里面便提到仅这个人的诰命，文保所就保存了一套共四件。

\n

崇祯诰命

\n

此外，明清两代的诰命形制虽然不同，但都遵循品级越高，材质越好这一规律。而市场上流通的圣旨基本都属于中低级官员，这也就意味着其材料本身就比较普通。加之存世绝大部分的圣旨都属于清代中晚期，国力的衰退更导致其制作上的粗疏，精美程度也随之大打折扣。

\n

对比下面两件清代不同时期的诰命，很容易就能区分出材质精美程度的不同。

\n
\"\"
\n

清 乾隆三十六年 圣旨诰命 北京保利 2013 春季拍卖会 55.2 万释出

\n
\"\"
\n

清 光绪二十五年圣旨诰命 上海博海 2013 秋季拍卖会 3.45 万释出

\n

最后提一点，诰命 / 敕命是属于个人色彩极其鲜明的文物，与之类似的还有被称为祖容像的画作。这种极具私密属性的文物，在中国人传统观念里，多少都带有忌讳的色彩，甚至会不可避免地与死亡相联系，故而其并不为绝大多数收藏者所喜好（圣旨相对祖容画还好一些），这自然也影响到了它们在市场的流通性与成交价格。

\n

比如下面这种画作，虽然画得很精彩；虽然外国人无所谓；虽然我本人是无神论者；虽然我本人是文博专业出身对之有相应的知识储备且专业从事中国书画交易二十余年，但让我掏钱，我肯定不会买！哪怕送我我都不要，而且会很严肃地告诉送礼者，你给我折现，哪怕打个折！

\n
\"\"
\n

祖容像

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n
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", + "content": "
\"头图\"/
\n

先说结论：题主对于“高价”的定义标准实在过于苛刻。首先要明确，在文物艺术品市场上书画、瓷器属于艺术品，而圣旨通常被归类为文献典籍。文献典籍的价格天然就要低于艺术品。其次确实有卖上千万的书画、瓷器，但它们在整个市场上也属于凤毛麟角，而且这些能卖上千万的书画、瓷器必然有其特别过人之处，尤其在稀有性以及艺术性的体现上。

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明 成化 斗彩鸡缸杯 HK 苏富比 2014 年春拍 2.8 亿释出 龙美术馆收藏

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晋 王羲之 草书《平安帖》中国嘉德 2010 年秋拍 3.08 亿释出 龙美术馆收藏

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宋 陈容 《六龙图》NY 佳士得 2017 年春拍约人民币 3 亿（4896.75 万美元）释出 龙美术馆收藏

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而存世能交易的圣旨，绝大多数的珍稀性就一般，更遑论其艺术性了，因此自然不会出现上千万成交价的圣旨。但坦率来说，我认为目前市场上类似下面这样的圣旨，其成交价格已经不算低了，至少绝对不是题主所谓的“不值钱”。

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清 乾隆庚辰（1760）圣旨诰命 LD 佳士得 2017 年 5 月 72.66 万释出

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明 万历八年（1580）圣旨诰命 上海博古斋 2016 年春拍 71.3 万释出

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以下对“圣旨”展开做些介绍与讨论，以便读者能更好地理解为什么圣旨在市场上只能卖这个价。

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圣旨是中国封建社会皇帝制、诏、诰、敕、谕、旨、批等命令的总称。现社会上流传的所谓“圣旨”，多为明清皇帝封赠官员及其先人、妻室的诰命与敕命。诰命 / 敕命是皇帝对臣僚或赐予官阶或封赠爵号并赋予一定特权的凭证文书，生者为封，死者为赠，按照授予对象不同的品级，以不同的材料进行缮写，即所谓“封赠制度”。

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由于目前市场上所能见到的诰命 / 敕命都属于明、清两代的制品，因此我也只对这一时期的“封赠制度”加以说明。

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通常来说，接受封赠的人员包括以下四类：一、宗室及外戚；二、文武官员；三、边疆少数民族领袖或宗教领袖；四、藩属国的宗室。但现实市场上，我们能遇到的圣旨基本都来自第二类人员，这就注定了其文献价值高度有限。

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文武官员接受封赠的条件，明代通常是三年考满合格，个别时期严格点可能还要求有相应的政绩。清代在基本沿袭明代惯例的基础上，还对有功绩的官员额外有封赠。而不同品级的官员接受封赠的次数还不相同，明清两代循例“一品封赠三代，二、三品封赠二代，四品至七品封赠一代，八、九品只封赠本人”。这也意味着伴随仕途的迁升，官员会不断被“封赠”，潜台词也就是存世诰命 / 敕命的数量不会太少，尤其是清代中晚期以后的此类制品。而数量多也意味着其稀缺性有限。

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我之前发了一条想法，里面便提到仅这个人的诰命，文保所就保存了一套共四件。

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崇祯诰命

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此外，明清两代的诰命形制虽然不同，但都遵循品级越高，材质越好这一规律。而市场上流通的圣旨基本都属于中低级官员，这也就意味着其材料本身就比较普通。加之存世绝大部分的圣旨都属于清代中晚期，国力的衰退更导致其制作上的粗疏，精美程度也随之大打折扣。

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对比下面两件清代不同时期的诰命，很容易就能区分出材质精美程度的不同。

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清 乾隆三十六年 圣旨诰命 北京保利 2013 春季拍卖会 55.2 万释出

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清 光绪二十五年圣旨诰命 上海博海 2013 秋季拍卖会 3.45 万释出

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最后提一点，诰命 / 敕命是属于个人色彩极其鲜明的文物，与之类似的还有被称为祖容像的画作。这种极具私密属性的文物，在中国人传统观念里，多少都带有忌讳的色彩，甚至会不可避免地与死亡相联系，故而其并不为绝大多数收藏者所喜好（圣旨相对祖容画还好一些），这自然也影响到了它们在市场的流通性与成交价格。

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比如下面这种画作，虽然画得很精彩；虽然外国人无所谓；虽然我本人是无神论者；虽然我本人是文博专业出身对之有相应的知识储备且专业从事中国书画交易二十余年，但让我掏钱，我肯定不会买！哪怕送我我都不要，而且会很严肃地告诉送礼者，你给我折现，哪怕打个折！

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祖容像

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查看知乎讨论
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", + "category": "", + "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783376", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Thu, 21 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "知乎", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "774b8eba327eb5578a35bead1b94e3ac", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "历史上还有哪些称得上「魅魔」的人物？", + "description": "
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哦，那必然是

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康熙他八儿子·雍正他八弟·八阿哥·贤得是时候·廉亲王·胤禩。

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根据不完全统计，他前前后后魅惑过的人有：

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一、亲兄弟若干1.大阿哥胤褆

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大阿哥是个能从传教士骂到亲伯父的无敌超雄，脑子不好使但极其暴躁。

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——然而老八却能跟他关系还可以。

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允禔在诸兄弟中与允禩关系较好，或许因为允禩曾被交给允禔的生母惠妃抚养过一段时间，且是康熙诸子中少见的外表柔善、谦逊之人，肯于在允禔面前做小伏低，能够和刚猛傲慢的长兄和睦。
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大阿哥这个人，他：

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幻想跟传教士 SM，把传教士吓晕：

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杜德美神父与皇子在一起时，（大）皇子对他说：“把刘应神父叫来，用鞭子好好教训他一顿，然后把他流放到鞑靼荒野去，这主意不错吧？”
when Fr. Jartoux was with the Prince, the Prince said to him: “Wouldn’t it be a good idea to summon Fr. Visdelou here, punish him with a beating, and consign him to the wilds of Tartary?”
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跟着亲伯父上战场，把亲伯父气晕：

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允禔首次出战准噶尔，身份是副将军，当时的三军主帅是他的亲伯父裕亲王福全。……可惜，允禔此行，不但未见结交什么可靠之人为生死袍泽，反而和秉性忠厚老实的伯父闹了很大矛盾：
康熙二十九年七月出兵，不到一个月，就和裕亲王“不相和谐，妄生事端”，并且“私行陈奏”，就是背地里向父皇告伯父的黑状。幸而康熙帝行事公正，并不偏信儿子，得知情况后，不顾自己丢脸，将允禔强行撤回北京，事后又百般弥合，才避免伯侄二人的矛盾完全公开化。
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跟亲妈的关系，也有点微妙：

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康熙就曾评价大阿哥胤禔“气质暴戾”，而大阿哥的母亲惠妃也曾向康熙哭诉，奏其“不孝，请置之于法”。
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结果他被爸爸痛骂不能当太子后，小伙顶着这么多不爽，大喝一声：

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我当不了那就让老八当啊！

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一废太子之后，本来在诸皇子中处于有利地位的允禔，把自己的愚昧粗狂表现得淋漓尽致。这不能不让人想起满洲政权尚在关外时的那些场景：皇太极去世后，合法性最强的皇子豪格与实力最强的皇弟多尔衮争夺大位，多尔衮假意推托谦让，母弟多铎却看着着急，当众断喝：你不当我当！允禔这一手“我当不了让老八当”，和多铎真有异曲同工之粗豪，关外遗风毕见。
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2.七阿哥胤祐

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到了雍正初年，胤禩还能哄得他七哥帮他打报告哩。

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给雍正气完了，说：

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“现在廉亲王处处学我！但凡有什么事能占便宜、钻空子，他就必然唆使允祐、允禟、允禵提出来，从中捞取好处，自己则充好人！比如允祐[1]，他都是什么时候分府的老户了，还要照此找补，这是什么体统？”

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兹廉王凡事必仿于朕，以朕为齐，凡有便宜事或稍许疏漏之事，必唆使淳王、贝子允禟、允禵提出，以捞取之，伊自己权充好人。虽为清廉王[1]，但系何时分府的老户，亦要照此找补，成何体统？
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哦，八阿哥可太魅魔……哦不对，太坏了！

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3.九阿哥胤禟

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同生共死的阿其那与塞思黑，关系自不必说。

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在胤禟的管家秦道然眼里，八阿哥简直就像是当着管账正宫的面操控杀猪盘骗钱的绿茶捞男。

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再八爷说自己穷，要九爷吩咐满丕帮盘缠，满丕应了，送了一万两，这是八爷的巧取处。
允禩也晓得允禟是庸才，其所以与他厚结的缘故，不过为他肯替允禩使钱，要借他钱财，收拾些人心，允禩每访得九流术士中有些异样的，便令心腹人招至家中，藏之密室，到打发出去的时节，便叫允禟送他银子，或一百两或二百两不等。这种人也多得紧，我时常听见送银子到允禩家里去的人向我说，所以我得知道。至于给的是什么人，我实不曾知道。
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我老公的钱啊！怎么给了你这种人！

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这都是我老公辛辛苦苦赚来的啊！！！
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到现在知乎里还有胤禟是不是被胤禩 PUA 了的问题。

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嗯，秦道然一定很想答。

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4.十阿哥胤䄉

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十阿哥的生母钮祜禄氏，是辅政大臣遏必隆之女、康熙帝继后孝昭仁皇后的亲妹妹。

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在康熙的众多皇子中，从生母地位上看，十阿哥仅次于太子，居于第二；

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而从外戚门第、势力上看，恐怕还要比太子更高一些。

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然而这样一个高贵的（？）阿哥，照样像个甜狗一样围着八哥转，被八哥蛊得晕头转向。

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还说什么：八阿哥，你是我们的主子，你可要多多照顾我们啊！

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我与塞思黑、允禵同向阿其那云：尔乃我等之主，后日须怜㸔我等。阿其那闭一目而笑。
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5.十四阿哥胤祯

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十四阿哥胤祯，跟雍正同个妈，是雍正铁打的同母亲弟弟。

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他从康熙四十七年开始，就像条甜狗一样跟着他八哥，观之十分震撼。

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在康熙锁拿允禩的时候，胤祯积极为胤禩辩护。

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老父亲气得要死，拔刀而出，差点将亲儿子当场手刃。

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康熙四十七年。九月。
壬寅。上召诸皇子入乾清宫。谕曰当废允礽之时。朕已有上□日诸阿哥中如有钻营谋为皇太子者即国之贼。法断不容。废皇太子后。允禔曾奏称允禩好。春秋之义人臣无将将则必诛。大宝岂人可妄行窥伺者耶。允禩柔奸性成、妄蓄大志朕素所深知。其党羽早相要结谋害允礽。今其事皆已败露。著将允禩锁拏交与议政处审理。皇九子允禟语皇十四子允禵云，尔我此时不言何待。允禵奏云：八阿哥无此心，臣等愿保之。上震怒。出所佩刀欲诛允禵。皇五子允祺跪抱劝止。诸皇子叩首恳求。上怒少解。命诸皇子挞允禵。将允禟、允禵逐出。　
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可怜的胤祯被兄弟们打了二十大板，被老爹轰出宫去，他依旧不改。

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甚至自负枷锁、身怀毒药，要是有什么不测，就要和八哥一块去死。

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被轰出宫去之后，允禵还不罢休，准备相约众皇子一起为允禩保奏。他还让人准备了一副枷锁，跟在被锁起来的允禩身后，以示共患难之意；甚至随身携带毒药，直到允禩被释放之日，才当众取出扔掉。
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康熙都服了，直接把他踢出宫去分府，本来皇子分配府邸会有的头一年支给食物待遇都不好。

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康熙朝惯例，阿哥分府的第一年由宫里支给食物，第二年开始靠自己。十四分府时父子关系紧张，待遇就不太好，后来出兵时关系逆转，颇受关爱，就主动要求支食物。
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他反倒自豪起来了，把自己拿命来保八阿哥这件事到处跟兄弟们说。

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胤禩也乐呵呵地答：多亏我的几个弟弟了。

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因有令阿其那相面之事，为圣祖皇帝治罪。时允禵将舍命完结之事，常常告诉臣等。阿其那亦曾告诉：当获罪时，因诸弟之帮助而受益。
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别的兄弟来看望他，要是刚刚好胤禩在，就看见他对胤禩处处照顾，让别人直呼恶俗。

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臣去允禵府第，遇有阿奇那在时，允禵对阿奇那照样行动照管者，迂俗可厌，连跟随阿奇那之太监皆格外照管。
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康熙不给他随驾，他死活偏要去，还三番两次奏请，就是要跟着去。

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康熙服了，说：看你这要死要活的劲，哪是想跟着我啊，你就是想跟着你八哥。

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皇考駕幸熱河，特㫖命允禩不論班行走，衆阿哥分為三班行走，而允禵乃抵死欲去，屢次奏請，奉皇考諭㫖：觀爾抵死欲去之意，豈欲隨朕，亦不過欲隨八阿哥去耳。後輪至第三班，特㫖令其停止，乃仍不肯遵，畢竟隨去。
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不得不说康熙说得太对了，胤祯就是想跟着他八哥。

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下次换成八阿哥在京城，他被爸爸带出去，他立刻就又不走了。

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到底是想跟着谁呢好难看出来啊。（那种语气）
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及值允禩母妃事出，於康熈五十三年夏月，留允禩在京，命帶允禵前去，而伊又設法留京，彼時允禩理宜勸止允禵，乃竟不行勸止，一任允禵屢次觸忤皇考。
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康熙发难胤禩的时候，他跟胤禩说“我们要死就一起死”。

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圣祖皇帝幸冬狩时，执阿其那之侍卫太监，将阿其那遣返时，允禵曾告诉臣言，允禵至阿其那处言称：我等死则一起死。等语。
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康熙不给别人去见胤禩，他偷偷去不说，还要帮别人打招呼，别人说要是被康熙听见了对谁都不好啊，他嘿嘿一笑说：是啊！

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奉圣祖皇帝谕旨：阿其那惑乱众心，意行甚奸，著逐出不令再见之。钦此。其后，允禵隐瞒圣祖皇帝，仍潜往阿其那处不断。允禵曾传话称，见阿其那时，问臣好。等语。时臣言：虽有亲临问好之意，但圣祖皇帝闻之，对谁都不好。等语。时允禵微笑言：是。
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八阿哥给他写了封信，央求他用手底下某人，他立马就对此人另眼相看了。

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那木札尔称，安王给老爷送一信，云云。我当即拆开来信，内开，吾已央求八阿哥曰：吾门下副都统宗札布，现在军营，请转求十四阿哥，若能照顾，请多关照。八阿哥已央求十四阿哥。云云。自我收到此信之后，观察其情，允禵已另眼看待我。
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四哥的圣旨他不跪，八阿哥出来只说他该跪，他一句话没说，扑通一声跪下了。

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阿其那见众人共议允禵之非。乃向允禵云，汝应下跪。便寂然无声而跪。不遵皇上谕旨。止重阿其那一言。结党背君，公然无忌。
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不仅如此，他俩还直接结为契友了。

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谈论不惜自己互相照顾为大义时，阿其那此辈已互相结为契友。
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《雍正王朝》里他俩塑料得要命，回看历史雍正帝自己给胤祯列的所谓十四项大罪，前三条每条都是几个大字：

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你 和 胤 禩 太 近 了

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1. 允禵性质狂悖。与阿其那尤相亲密。圣祖仁皇帝于二阿哥之案。将阿其那拏问时。召入众阿哥。谕以阿其那谋夺东宫之罪。现交议政究审。允禵与塞思黑、同向圣祖仁皇帝之前。允禵奏云、阿其那并无此心。若将阿其那问罪。我等愿与同罪。圣祖仁皇帝震怒。拔佩刀欲杀允禵。经允祺力劝稍解。将允禵重加责惩。与塞思黑一并逐出。众所共知者一也。
2. 康熙四十八年夏、圣祖仁皇帝避暑口外。恐伊等聚党生事。止令阿其那跟随行走。允禵敝帽故衣。坐小车。装作贩卖之人。私送出口。日则潜踪而随。夜则至阿其那帐房歇宿。密语通霄。踪迹诡异。众所共知者一也。
3. 圣祖仁皇帝知允禵昏愚狂妄。必生事端。因遣往军前。使不得朋匪为恶。而允禵与阿其那、塞思黑、密信往来。曾无间断。机计莫测。众所共知者一也。
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6.其实还有一个兄弟也堕其术中

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但我要卖个关子，暂按不表。

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二、亲爹

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别看后面父子二人闹得那么僵，其实八儿子从小把亲爹蛊得不要不要的。

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在亲爹眼里，八阿哥从小开始，就对才艺展示颇有一些天赋。

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二十六年六月，康熙帝带领7 岁的允禩与其他几位较其稍长的皇子，来到皇太子允礽的书房，让他们分别在诸大臣前诵读经书。
允禩等人以次近前，各读数篇，童音朗朗，舒缓纯熟。康熙帝倍感欣慰，诸臣赞叹不已。
是年八月，允禩第一次随康熙帝巡幸塞外，在此次随扈皇子中年龄最小。
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他十二岁时，随着两位哥哥前往山东祭孔，这时又展现了相看马匹的天赋。

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康熙帝舍去较允禩年长的皇五子允祺和皇七子允祐，选派允禩随同两位皇兄前往，自有深意。允禩尚在少年，已具有骑术精湛，善于相马等特长。途中，凡由京城送至马匹，首先由允禩试骑，其后再定是否由允祉、胤禛等骑用。
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亲爹统兵亲征噶尔丹，八阿哥屁颠屁颠跟着出征。

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他们在鄂尔多斯围猎，因猎获野兔极多，康熙甚感惊奇，写信给皇太子，详细描述了打猎的情况。

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谕皇太子：十二日，驻跸宽托洛惠。本设双层围，兔雉丰盛，不可言状。朕四十多岁何处未行，未见如此兔丰。放围无分主仆，唯猎射，并无闲暇，朕殪一百三十八只，大阿哥殪五十九只，三阿哥殪五十五只，八阿哥殪五十只。裕亲王殪二十只，北围殪五只，为极少者。
……十三日驻跸。本两层围猎，雉少，兔与十二日同。自朕躬以下至猎人，前日殪兔力竭，手指皆肿而不能射，朕殪八十三只，大阿哥殪四十一只，三阿哥殪四十三只，八阿哥殪三十九只，打围人共殪一千四百四十二只。未计鄂尔多斯猎人所殪数额，……
十六日驻跸吉格苏泰。设双层围场，雉甚多，兔与前同。朕殪一百二十二只，大阿哥殪五十九只，三阿哥殪五十五只，八阿哥殪五十四只，裕亲王殪二十二只，围场之人殪一千二百十五只。未计蒙古人围猎之数。
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大阿哥、三阿哥都是骑射功夫极好的皇子。

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大阿哥才七岁，就能射中老虎。

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康熙十八年年底，玄烨在南苑行围，“纵虎出圈，命众驱逐，皇第五子保清（大阿哥乳名）亲射，中之”。保清即皇长子胤禔，当时也只有 7 周岁。这样年幼的孩子追射凶猛异常的老虎，尽管旁边有人保护，也要冒很大危险，足见玄烨在培养儿子方面，具有不同一般为父之人的胆魄。
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不同于刻板印象里的书呆子，三阿哥的骑射，甚至还要好过大阿哥。

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皇三子胤祉的弓箭和枪法，还要超过他的两位兄长，无论参加行围或较射，他往往是命中率最高的射手之一。据马国贤神甫回忆，玄烨晚年在热河时，喜欢在围猎之余，“观看他的满洲摔跤手们角斗，也常常命令他的孙子们及其他高级将领在他面前进行较射。有时，他甚至加入与他的第三个儿子(胤祉)比赛的行列，因为这个儿子的箭法几乎同他父亲一样好”。
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从胤禩所射兔的数量与大阿哥、三阿哥几乎相同可见，胤禩的骑射功夫也十分不错。

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而最使胤禩从诸位阿哥中脱颖而出，成为亲爹爱子的，则是他出类拔萃的管理能力。

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三十五年二月，康熙帝第一次亲征噶尔丹。15 岁的胤禩，在 6 位随征皇子中年龄最小。

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亲征期间，他跟随康熙帝身边，奉命管理火器营，并得到了父亲的“嘉美诗”。

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戎行亲莅制机宜，栉沐风霜总不辞，随侍晨昏依帐殿，焦劳情事尔应知。
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“你早晚都在我的营帐边随侍左右，

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我为国事的焦虑与辛劳，你应当最能理解呀。”

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是年九月份，康熙帝第二次亲征噶尔丹，从第一次随征的 6 位皇子中挑选 3 人带往。

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四阿哥、五阿哥、七阿哥落选，大阿哥、三阿哥和八阿哥再次随征。

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足以见得，胤禩的表现，给康熙留下了深刻印象。

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我儿子真好。
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他受封贝勒，以及大阿哥、三阿哥受封郡王，都是因为三人在随驾亲征噶尔丹的表现，以及平时的印象，都非常不错。

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八阿哥受封贝勒的当年，经康熙帝指婚，娶安亲王岳乐的外孙女郭络罗氏为嫡福晋。

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郭络罗氏母家的背景，可谓非常深厚。她的外公安亲王岳乐，可谓是清朝顺治、康熙年间功勋卓著的名将。顺治帝一度想把皇位传给他，在平定三藩之乱的时候，他更是立下了汉马功劳。

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康熙择选具有如此母家背景之人为儿媳，惟有当他对该子印象甚佳时，方会为之。

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之后八阿哥惹爹生气，爹左忍右忍，终于忍不了了——

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于是把气全撒在了儿媳和她的舅舅们身上。

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允祀素受制于妻，其妻系安郡王岳乐之女所出，安郡王因谄媚辅政大臣，遂得亲王。其妃系索额图之妹，世祖皇帝时记名之女子。其子马尔浑、景熙、吴尔占等，俱系允祀妻之母舅，并不教训允祀之妻，任其嫉妒行恶，是以允祀迄今尚未生子。
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爹：都怪你们不管好我儿媳！

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八福晋：？

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个死老头把我当你们 play 的一环是吧？
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从此以后的十年，胤禩一直受到父皇的宠爱和倚重。

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单单这十年里，他拉过的重要磨就有：

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1.管理广善库，所得成就获得裕亲王的赞赏。

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康熙帝曾让允禩管理广善库。允禩借此机会广结人缘，充分施展才干。康熙帝与其兄裕亲王福全自幼感情笃深，后者逝于四十二年六月。“裕亲王病时，曾以广善库为因，力荐允禩有才有德。”福全的看法对康熙帝会产生一定影响。
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2.他和三阿哥一块审理索额图。

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康熙四十二年，太子党的头号人物索额图被拘禁，康熙皇帝在巡行途中手书密旨，派人连夜交给三阿哥允祉和八阿哥允禩，命他们二人秘密审理索额图，并抓捕其同党。这一年允禩只有二十二岁，能够接受这样重大的政治任务，足见康熙帝对他的信任。
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一废太子的时候，胤禩更是风光无两。

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3.他先是和胤禛一起，被留在京城代理政事——名字居然还在他的四哥前面。

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这在严格遵循长幼尊卑的古代，是意义极其特殊的。

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4.在允礽的乳公凌普被从内务府总管一职撤下后，胤禩不但承担了内务府总管的职责，甚至还负责了查抄凌普。

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康熙四十七年一废太子时，康熙帝命允禩、胤禛二人留京办事，其中允禩署理内务府总管，名字也罕见地被列在了兄长胤禛之前。
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毙鹰事件大家应该都多少有所耳闻。

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八阿哥不听话，给亲爹气完了，大骂：他竟敢还上奏说自己冤枉，他冤枉在哪里？！！！

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伊摺内奏称冤抑。试问伊所谓冤抑者何在。
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但大家估计不太知道：

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康熙还写过一封给家人的信，信中为允禩呈献毙鹰一事开脱。。

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亲爹：我知道他冤枉在哪里。

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姑息之爱大爆发 jpg
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三、妈妈们1.养母惠妃

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还是毙鹰事件，还是大家应该不太知道的是：

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毙鹰事件之后，惠妃为了八阿哥，甚至跟康熙大吵一架，吵到外省的督抚都有所耳闻，上奏询问。。

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比如他的养母惠妃，虽然别有亲子允禔，但显然对允禩的关爱更甚。允禔被囚禁时，惠妃“亦奏称其不孝，请置之于法”，无论是真心还是忍痛，毕竟做出了支持康熙帝决策的表态。到康熙五十三年，康熙帝因为“毙鹰事件”痛责允禩，父子之间几乎恩断义绝，而此时的惠妃，或为保护养子起见，与皇帝发生激烈争执，以致外省督抚都有所耳闻。
奴才服思，惠妃主子之事，圣主必是叹恨。然圣主已有年纪，若多烦闷，恐御体必受苦累。——云贵总督郭严奏折
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嗯，养母为了养子跟丈夫大吵一架的含金量……

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后来雍正继位，母妃都要出宫由儿子们赡养。惠妃乐呵呵地就跑到八阿哥家里住了。

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慧妃母妃、乃大阿哥之生母、允禩之慈母也。允禩少時、即為慧妃母妃所撫養。朕因大阿哥獲罪禁鋼。其諸子又少不知事。意欲奉養於允禩之邸。因遣人詢問慧妃母妃。慧妃母妃欣然允從。
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2.全体妈妈们

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在雍正看来，八阿哥甚至还把所有妈妈们都给蛊惑了！

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雍正想死都想不明白为啥自己登基三年母妃没一个来看自己，差人都没差过。

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想了想又把锅推给八阿哥。

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肯定是胤禩的问题！是胤禩让妈妈们都不来看我！

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都是魅魔的问题！

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彼时允祹、酌议诸位母妃移府之礼。允祹议奏内、有朕思念诸位母妃之时、即令入宫相见等语。朕以诸位母妃、岂有召入相见之礼。深责允祹之非。迄今三年以来、诸位母妃、未曾遣人至朕前一问起居。诸位母妃、深居府中、一切皆诸王主持。此必允禩从中阻挠。诸王亦遂观望不前耳。
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四、亲伯父&堂弟

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皇子们唯一的亲伯父，康熙唯一的哥哥，裕亲王福全，也深深受到他八侄子的蛊惑。

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前文提到，在这些侄子中，大阿哥和他这个亲伯父的关系尤为不好。太子胤礽与自己这位宽厚温和，谦虚自持的亲伯父，亦关系不佳。

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而本答中的大魅魔八阿哥，蛊得他力荐“有才有德”、“心性好，不务矜夸”。

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这一份支持，甚至还在一定程度上左右过康熙的决定。

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一废太子期间，玄烨谈到胤禩时说：“…… 乃若八阿哥之为人，诸臣奏称其贤，裕亲王存日亦曾奏言八阿哥心性好，不务矜夸。”有的学者指出，福全去世前，曾向玄烨揭发皇太子胤礽的种种劣迹，同时赞扬胤禩聪明能干，品行端正，建议玄烨立后者为储君。这次谈话后不久，胤礽的主要支持者索额图即被拘禁，看来玄烨已考虑皇兄的建言，认为胤禩 “是可以代替胤礽做皇太子的人选之一。”
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而他的儿子，继承了他的王爵的保泰，也从小与魅魔的关系最为亲昵友好。

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被康熙帝养在宫中、待如亲子的侄儿保泰就和八阿哥允禩关系最好。
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甚至到了雍正初年，保泰还在为了八阿哥和八阿哥的党羽跟雍正作对。

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雍正气完了，骂他小时候教保泰算术，保泰居然不感恩。

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况保泰幼年初在大内行走之时，皇考令朕教习经书算法，率领指示行走。保泰受朕思顾甚深。又伯母之事，伊全家俱赖朕成全。朕藩邸人皆知之也。朕于保泰，所施之恩，伊此生何可负哉？
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五、以妻族为首的一大堆宗室亲戚

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这帮宗室亲戚，对魅魔八阿哥堪称鞍前马后，死活都要跟着八阿哥。

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我啊，现在只想做八王子的狗，做八王子的狗真的是太好了……
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近亲有之前提到的那堆兄弟、亲爹、亲妈养妈其他妈、亲伯父裕亲王福全、亲堂哥裕亲王保泰和堂侄子广宁外，还有亲伯叔恭亲王常宁的后代镇国公满都护；

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魅魔他老婆是安亲王岳乐的亲孙女，从小被外公接到家里养，几个舅舅把她宠上天了，魅魔也沾了喜气，蛊惑得这帮子舅舅乐颠颠地给他当枪使，把复立的太子拉下马。

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五十年八月，托合齐举办党派宴会。过后不久，八福晋的舅舅景熙便乘机上奏，轻飘飘地指控托合齐在“安郡王丧期一周年已过、 二周年未满”的时候，均与官员宴饮，未依例为安郡王服丧, 有悖属人礼制。
托合齐只是在除服后, 于二十七个月丧期内宴饮, 不算什么重罪，更何况康熙一向比较宽厚，这样的罪名不会让托合齐受什么大苦的；但查下去却发现，这次会饮所参加的人大有问题。
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远一点的宗亲，什么八大铁帽子王之一简亲王雅尔江阿和他儿子镇国公永谦、褚英后代贝子苏努与镇国公阿布兰、奉恩辅国公灏善的后代汝福与佛保、贝子鲁宾等等，

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数都数不完的宗亲，都变成了魅魔的狗，魅魔拿牵引绳牵都牵不过来。

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六、传教士

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作为康熙颇为宠信的一小支外国团体，传教士特别喜欢吃瓜，而且经常吃到大瓜。

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在他们口中，八阿哥的画风是这样的：

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正如我所说，皇长子最怕的就是第八子，人们普遍认为他是上天赐给政府的礼物。
As I said, more than any other of his brothers the Prince fearedthe eighth-born son, by common consent a young man who was Heaven's gift to government.
根据皇帝陛下的指令，他向老亲王历数长长一串他的先辈所犯的罪过，他责备老亲王这一支脉的世世代代始终都暗地里和当政的这一支脉作对。当念到老亲王本身的过错时，……详细列举了他当上了旗帅以后所犯的好几个错误，其中有当年已故皇帝废黜皇太子，征求大臣们意见，以图另改选一位亲王时，老亲王投了八阿哥① 的票。
① 即已故皇帝的第八子。所有的大臣们不管是满族还是汉族都赞同他当皇太子，所以，如果说这是一个错误的话，那大家都犯了同一错误。—— 原注
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传教士：根据我们所得信息判断，所有人都忍不住对上天赐给清朝的礼物犯错了。

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七、朝鲜人

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作为明朝的藩属国，朝鲜阴暗地认为清朝就是得位不正。

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于是，在几乎整个康朝，朝鲜都在积极发掘你清药丸的证据：

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康熙坏啊！太坏了！你清药丸！

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\"\"
康熙天天打猎瞎玩，荒淫无道，你清药丸！
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康熙性情暴躁，你清药丸！
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康熙居然节俭，不可能，肯定是抠门，你清药丸！
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天啊康熙只懂满文，你清药丸！
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什么康熙居然会汉文，你清药丸！
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天啊太子这个德行，你清药丸！
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当然，朝鲜人不傻，知道康熙比较好，只是不肯承认。

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\"\"
谁喜欢康熙我们孤立谁，因为你清药丸！
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直到雍正上位之后，他们对康熙的风评才好转回来：

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\"\"
康熙好啊，太好啊，好极了啊！
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在这种情况下，朝鲜人（在康熙本朝）对胤禩的态度居然是：

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\"\"
皇子们都望之没有人形，但其中皇八子好像好那么一点，也不是说就很好啦，就是好一点。嗯。
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朝鲜人：对不起，我们也对上天赐给清朝的礼物犯错了。

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\"\"
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八、大臣1.康熙朝的大臣

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大臣们被魅魔蛊惑得命都不要了，就跟着皇上对着干。

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康熙朝一废太子的时候，所有人不顾康熙暗示，就是要立八阿哥。

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这样的结果，对在位近五十年，自以为对朝廷局面如臂使指的康熙皇帝会产生怎样的打击，读者自可想见。自己培植、任用的满朝文武，居然为了一个年轻、没有功绩、母家卑微的允禩而揣着明白装糊涂，不惜悖逆自己的圣意，这是多么令人恐惧而且不可思议的事啊！
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康熙急眼了，放弃了所有繁文缛节，就要复立废太子。

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于是就连康熙朝的重臣、老臣，康熙帝的母舅、岳父，“佟半朝”佟国维都因为小小一只魅魔，公然跟康熙开干：

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你一直以来做得很好，但把储君的废立当儿戏，是不是有点离大谱了？咱能不能说话算话？

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皇上办事精明，天下人无不知晓，断无错误之处。此事于圣躬关系甚大，若日后皇上易于措处，祈速赐睿断，或日后难于措处，亦祈速赐睿断，总之将原定主意熟虑施行为善。
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-

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清代校勘学“创始的人”何焯，康熙朝的时候供职于武英殿修书，被康熙指派为八阿哥的伴读。

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何焯这个人刚正耿直，光明磊落，原则强烈，脾气很火爆，一连跟自己的两任老师闹得都很不愉快。

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\"\"
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然而，面对魅魔的攻势，何焯立马堕其术中了，连女儿都送给魅魔一家抚养。

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先生回南路上平安，何日到家？我家内外人等俱好，女先生亦好。先生女儿在此极好，更不必挂怀。
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-

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康熙宠臣李光地，到了康熙朝末期，还在那里：几个王子里面，八阿哥最贤能呀~

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大学士李光地告假回闽，今又奉特旨带病进京，闻系为立储之事诏彼密议，奴才闻知惊心，特于彼处相探，彼云“目下诸王，八王最贤”等语。
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-

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康熙宠臣明珠的儿子揆叙，学问甚好，谨慎敦厚，康熙看着就喜欢，天天念叨，不幸过世得早，于是念叨得更多了，送他谥号“文端”。

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（揆叙）议论识鉴词藻压倒诸人， 朕昔知为满洲第一，今日汉人中亦推第一矣。
掌院下世再欲得如此（揆叙）一人，良不易得。
毕，上又曰： “翰林院学士甚属紧要，自揆叙没后，朕再四思维，并不得称此职之人。必须学问优长，善于钤束，不畏人之人，方好。”
上又曰： “揆叙学问甚好，为人甚是谨慎敦厚，殊属可惜。朕因伊年少，并未当面嘉奖，不特朕惜之，即诸人无有不惜之者。”
大学士马齐奏曰：“揆叙年少老成，不但学问好，九卿及议政之事亦甚好。伊记性远胜臣等，不惟皇上深惜，举朝满汉大臣官员俱为惜之。一闻其没，俱往吊唁。”
内阁学士常鼐奏曰： “揆叙所学不但超出满洲之中，即汉人中亦少。”
上曰：“然。诚为可惜。”
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当然这样一位美好的小伙，他其实也被魅魔轻轻地蛊惑，跟康熙对着干。

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及二阿哥既废。揆叙与廷臣、暗通消息。各人手心俱写一八字。众所共知者一也。
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-

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康熙的宠臣阿灵阿，太师遏必隆第七子，孝昭仁皇后之弟，康熙喜欢极了，时不时送点什么，生病后派御医调治，还命公主做饭赏赐给他。

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阿灵阿去世后，康熙深为可惜，让好几个皇子都给他送灵。

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康熙年间倚重的重臣，“凡一切军机奏议无不恰合上心，一时大臣无有出其右者。圣祖仁皇帝恩遇甚隆，常赐上方动用之件及上亲乘名马。”康熙四十三年，赐御书“崇先裕后”匾额命皇十子胤䄉来悬。康熙五十五年三月，得疾，即遣御医调治，复赐御制药教以调养，康熙又亲占易卦甚吉，特谕晓之，后病稍愈。康熙驾至边外，病之好坏令每日奏闻，不时遣内侍看视。因服药无效，不思饮食，康熙命二公主（固伦荣宪公主）制饭赐之。围内所得狍鹿等鲜物赐之。时有西洋名医奉诏看视。至十月二十一日卒，享年四十七岁。康熙闻之，甚为悼惜，著左翼王贝勒吊唁，遣镶黄旗一旗大臣侍卫至奠茶酒，赐上驷马四匹，银两千两，令分属九佐领官兵俱穿孝服。皇太后（孝惠章皇后）遣首领赐茶饭，妃嫔皆遣首领赐茶奠酒至发引前一日遣首领送灵。发引之日，康熙命皇四子胤禛、皇五子胤祺、皇十子胤䄉，皇十七子胤礼以及镶黄一旗大臣侍卫护送，又命十七阿哥福晋亦送至墓所。追谥敏恪立碑墓上。
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虽然康熙那么宠爱他，但他也被魅魔蛊惑，犯了错。

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康熙五十三年冬、圣祖仁皇帝驻跸遥亭。……圣祖仁皇帝愤怒。严讯伊之护卫、及太监等。朋党奸谋。尽行显露。其太监冯进朝、供称鄂伦岱、阿灵阿、系伊逆党。
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不止他本人，他的儿子也子承父业，被魅魔蛊惑得颠三倒四，官都不做了也要跟皇帝对着干。

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况此奸党之风。如阿灵阿之子阿尔松阿、苏努之子勒什享等、皆继其父志、而奸恶过焉。似此毫无忌惮。父子相承。先后济恶。实为国家之大患。
阿尔松阿往天津料理监务时，甚属明白可嘉，以为可而用之，乃降旨之时，疑欲杀伊，抵死固辞。
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还有更多更多，数不胜数的康朝大臣们，全部都对魅魔八阿哥犯了错，没给爹留下啥人。

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对不起，皇上，你儿子真香。
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2.雍正朝大臣

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雍正朝的大臣更不得了了，别说基本操作之为了维护魅魔跟皇帝对着干了，魅魔都死了，他们心里还装着个魅魔，继续跟皇帝对着干。

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对不起，皇上，你弟弟真香。
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佟国纲的儿子鄂伦岱，仗着自己是皇亲国戚，天王老子来了也不服，上怼康熙雍正两任皇帝，下虐弟弟法海。

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他爸佟国纲[2]被这个儿子气疯了，上奏康熙，要求康熙把这个儿子杀了算数。

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然而，显赫的身份带给鄂伦岱却是刚愎自用，狂傲不羁的性格弱点，就连他的父亲佟国纲都不被他放在眼里。两人是关系极为不佳，经常性的争执，以至于佟国纲不惜上奏康熙“请诛其子”，弄得满堂皆知，佟家颜面无存。
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结果他爸康熙二十九年战死，马革裹尸，为了体恤他家，康熙还是把他爸的爵位承袭给了鄂伦岱。（笑死了）

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康熙二十九年（1690 年），佟国纲在“乌兰布通之战”中死战殉国，鄂伦岱却袭承了佟国纲的一等公的爵位，不知道此时的佟国纲如果泉下有知的话，会不会死不瞑目。
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他弟弟法海出身下贱，是佟国纲的侍婢所生。鄂伦岱十分看不起法海，百般虐待，甚至还不给法海的生母入祖坟。

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面对如此优秀的弟弟，鄂伦岱只是因为他的卑微的出身就对其母子颇为歧视，特别是在佟国纲去世后，鄂伦岱更加的肆无忌惮、任意虐待。甚至在法海的母亲去世后，鄂伦岱还不准其葬入佟家祖坟。这样就使得鄂伦岱与法海这对兄弟之间结下了深仇大恨，从此是老死不相往来。
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康熙拿他当侍卫，他把康熙当表哥。

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好消息：他俩确实是亲戚。

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坏消息：鄂伦岱连他爸都不吊，那么他对表哥的看法是_______？

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答：照样不吊，请安都不请，就在旁边跟别的侍卫射箭玩儿，气得康熙骂他：小兔崽子你是真找死啊？

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\"\"
信不信我今个代替你爸教训你？
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鄂伦岱选择——？

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答：鄂伦岱选择了无视。

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及在热河皇考圣体违和之时，并未请安一次，其意颇以为快，在热河宫门前每日较射欢笑。其后皇考于行围地方向鄂伦岱云：尔甚无恩情，尔所作之罪不可胜数，实为可杀之人。伊承旨之下毫无畏惧，倨傲如故，亲随侍卫等不胜愤恨，人人髪指，因此皇考愤懑终日。
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康熙气完了，一条条数他的罪过，叫人拿鞭子抽他。

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在热河时，皇考圣体甚是违和，大臣侍卫等俱请安求瞻仰圣颜。惟鄂伦岱并不请安，且率同乾清门侍卫等，每日较射游戏。鄂伦岱罪恶多端，皇考行围哨鹿时悉数其罪，令侍卫五哥鞭责之。
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到了雍正朝，面对表哥的儿子，鄂伦岱选择——

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答：照样吊也不吊。

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雍正对佟佳氏加恩，他不奏谢。

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伊之父祖朕俱厚加恩典，冀其悛改过恶，为朕出力。而鄂伦岱结党之心坚如金石，并无感激报效之念。以为朕之加恩于其父祖皆因隆科多之力所致，与己无涉，在朕前并无一语奏谢。
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雍正整顿吏治，清除异己，搞得差不多了，群臣都在下面陪笑脸，就只有他一个人低头冷笑。

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朕每召诸王大臣等颁发谕旨，鄂伦岱从未有一次点首心服。前召旗下大臣面谕云，近日是臣等办事将从前积习已改十之七八，若再整顿一二年便可全改。朕尝虑向来恶习恐非诛戮一二人不能挽回，今看来可不用诛戮矣，为此朕心甚喜，诸臣无不点首喜动颜色，惟鄂伦岱略无喜容，俯首冷笑。彼时朕即欲降旨诘责，已而中止。
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雍正问他手下有个人做事如何，他压根不认识这个人就说这人平常。

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雍正骂他：你胡说。

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他直接说：我就是胡说啊。给雍正气晕了。

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昨因办理旗下之事，在众人前将一原当侍卫之人问鄂伦岱：此人何如？鄂伦岱并未认识妄奏云：此人平常。朕责以尔在皇考时身为大臣存心狡狯，只知顾惜身家，不肯实心出力，苟且欺罔，朕所稔知，此等处朕屡经开谕，毫不悛改。今日在众人前又如此诳奏，是诚何意？鄂伦岱奏云：我信口回奏。含忿摇头，故激朕怒。
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他甚至在乾清门院子里掀开衣服就尿，把雍正气死了。

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又一年元旦清晨，在乾清门院内掀衣而溺，朕见之骇异，知其行同畜类。
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雍正顾忌他是太后、太皇太后两任国舅爷的后人，搞了容易被骂不孝，不然早掐死他了。

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就这样一个人，一个拽哥，一个天底下头等无君无父的法外狂徒，

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他面对魅魔展现出了如何的定力呢？

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答：无定力，已狠狠堕其术中。

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就是这个八阿哥爽！
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康熙被八儿子送的老鹰气完了，审问八儿子的下属，问谁是魅魔的党羽，下属当场指认了鄂伦岱。

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他没话说了还要硬说，跪在旁边，也不管自己能不能回话，直接丢给人家一个问句：你说我与你主子一党，你主子与过我何物？

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圣怒当日因允禩得罪在要亭地方，将伊门下太监审讯。太监云：阿灵阿、鄂伦岱乃我主子之党，问他二人便知。彼时阿灵阿、鄂伦岱在傍，俱无言可辩，顔色改变良久，但称：我既系你主子之党，平日曽送过何物？你主子曽赏过我何物？
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回头康熙越想越气[3]，回宫的时候沿途一直在骂鄂伦岱，走了三十里就骂了三十里，一直没消气。

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鄂伦岱叼都不叼。

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当时还只是雍亲王的雍正：……？

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这，这对吗……？
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次年春，皇考从霸州回銮，自行宫起身至南红门，言及鄂伦岱等结党之事，皇考震怒，沿途切责鄂伦岱，行至三十里而圣怒未解。鄂伦岱悍然不知畏惧，亦无一毫爱君之心，朕在旁悚惕不安之甚，
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雍正忍不住了，要拉人劝劝康熙，结果康熙从旁边出来，鄂伦岱甚至变本加厉，以至于康熙看到他的脸就开喷。

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得亏是劝住了，不然又有好戏看呢。（不是

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及圣驾出，而鄂伦岱仍悍然向前迎立以触圣怒，致皇考复严加切责，娄徵额进前奏劝，朕遂泣奏云：皇父圣体初愈，此等悖逆之人何足屡烦圣怒，乱臣贼子自有国法，若交与臣便可即行诛戮。因朕恳奏再三，皇考之怒方解。
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到了雍正朝，鄂伦岱还是横着走，对魅魔的宠爱（？）也变本加厉，倾身回护，代替魅魔上奏。

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之前子承父业，同堕八阿哥术中的阿尔松阿也来帮腔，两人就这样一起违抗皇帝。

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于是鄂伦岱甚至抗衡圣旨，将雍正给的圣旨丢在地板上，将死罪揽在己身，悍傲已极。

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朕即位以来效法皇考，仍不念其罪恶，施恩保全。乃伊每事扰乱，倾身回护阿其那，因阿其那佐领一事，在外于众人前一番议论，在内代伊启奏，显露悖逆之状，将朕所交硃批谕旨掷于乾清门地上，在朕前举止抗横，为人臣者当如是乎？
朕有硃批谕旨降与阿尔松阿者，令鄂伦岱转交，乃鄂伦岱于乾清门众人前将朕旨掷之于地，且极力党护阿尔松阿，将其死罪承认在身，愍不畏死，顽悍已极。
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雍正破大防。

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鄂伦岱：可魅魔就是魅魔啊，你算鸡毛。（抠鼻

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-

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额尔金是十阿哥的长史，也在魅魔主管的上驷院工作。

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仗着自己是魅魔的人，对皇帝就开始傲慢无礼啊！太坏了！

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额尔金在上驷院行走时，依附允禩，为其党与。所以敢在朕前傲慢者，恃有此耳。伊实为允禩党内凶悍之人，愈见皇考知人之明，昭昭不爽。朕之复用额尔金，甚属错误。
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-

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有个武会元叫金昆，雍正想要用他，把他安排到魅魔主管的工部下。

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没想到魅魔看见金昆这孔武有力的肌肉，啊不对，发达的大脑，馋了。

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金昆看见魅魔，那更是走不动路了，魂都被勾走了，硬是把魅魔当成知己，给雍正气死了。

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上諭：工部主事金昆昔年曾在府中绘画行走，朕因其从武会元出身，识得数字，故令改授文职。伊籤掣工部主事，自到工部诸事把持招摇放纵，廉亲王居心巧诈，事事任用，凡有差使俱将金昆派出，搪塞其意，以为金昆有过，天下必加朕以私用匪人之名也。金昆亦倚廉亲王为知已，肆行无忌，大负朕恩。着将金昆革职，令在内庭禁锢行走效力。如不能改过自新或又多事，必从重治罪。
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-

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当然，金昆不只是个例。

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事实上，八阿哥管理下的全体上驷院和工部全体官员，全部都被魅魔上司蛊得神魂颠倒，任由魅魔摆布。

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尔工部官员等，受皇考数十年教养之恩，当念君臣大义，为朕竭力尽心以图报称，勿因允禩之甘言诡计为其所惑。允禩故为小心谨畏，于属员则作噢咻体恤之状，……
允禩居心行事如此。尔诸大臣、定已尽知。惟是工部上驷院两衙门官员人等、恐不知廉亲王之居心奸诈。一堕其术中。便为所累。朕岂忍两衙门之臣下、为伊所愚弄乎。用是再加晓谕。非令尔等、每事与伊抗拒。但令尔等、于办事效力之处、一归于正、勿被伊引诱惑乱而已。
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虽然雍正觉得大家应该都已经认出了魅魔的真面目，但大臣们还是纷纷堕其术中，同情魅魔，心甘情愿跟着魅魔受罚。

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乃在廷诸臣，为廉亲王所愚，反以朕为过于苛刻，为伊抱屈。即朕屡降谕旨之时，观众人神色，未尝尽以廉亲王为非。惟舅舅隆科多、大将军年羹尧、大学士王顼龄、侍郎沈近思，曾在朕前陈奏：一年以来，大小臣工因廉亲王贻累者甚多，乃甘心忍受，并不归怨廉亲王。而廉亲王恬然自安，全不知愧，又不念及国法，全无恐惧。此党援之终不能解散者也。
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不仅如此，这些官员还纷纷觉得皇帝真是太坏了，居然加害魅魔。

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尔工部官员等，受皇考数十年教养之恩，当念君臣大义，为朕竭力尽心以图报称，勿因允禩之甘言诡计为其所惑。允禩故为小心谨畏，于属员则作噢咻体恤之状，其心实欲败坏事务，且知朕必能察出，将众人治罪，以彰朕之苛刻，俾众人感伊而归怨于朕，其居心大抵如此。
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大臣们：对不起皇上，你弟弟真好！没忍住，犯错了！

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就是这个魅魔爽！
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-

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就连年羹尧跟雍正上奏时都说：嗯，廉亲王的风味确实好点。

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其允禟语无伦次，心地浅诈，竭力做哭介而无眼泪，故为亲热煦煦孑孑之状，盖有意学廉亲王而细致则远不及也。
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九阿哥：（装哭）（亲热）（演技大爆发）

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年羹尧：（眼前看着九阿哥）（脑子已经飘到千里之外的京城想起可爱的廉亲王)

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年羹尧：并没有说我已经堕其术中，但魅魔确实挺可爱的。嗯。

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-

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魅魔的功力深厚，哪怕在物质上已经离去，精神上还存在于人们心中。

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具体体现为死了还能结党，可能目的是吸活人精气。

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这些人的名字，包括但不限于：鲁尔金、乌尔陈、苏尔金、库尔陈，法海、佛保、达尔当阿、托什、查弼纳，萧永藻、诺岷、高成龄、董永芠、四格、李凤翥、锡保，每个名字拿出来都是响当当的倒霉，哦不对，不能在魅魔面前卓然自立的愚蠢呀！

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甚至酒老师@不沾一滴酒 扒出来，都雍正十二年了，魅魔都去世八年了，大义觉迷录也被强制宣传好几年了，在雍正提拔的官员私下八卦里，邪恶的魅魔阿其那竟然还是【圣祖的八阿哥】【圣祖密旨说他确实好】

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太恐怖了，简直是脑控啊！怪不得说被魅魔骗一次终身受骗！
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雍正都崩溃了，说自己就没见过不会被魅魔蛊惑的汉子。

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尔若不为塞思黑之奸恶所欺骗，能坚持初到大同之心，则将为朕多加夸奖，可惜已枉然了，然而朕将宽恕之。若与阿其那、塞思黑在一处两个月，不为伊等奸计所动之汉子，不被欺骗之聪慧之人亦少矣。
朱批：此不过楚仲防汝之论耳，已被塞思黑之愚矣，与阿其那、塞思黑对面数日，有能不被二人之奸诈所愚者，朕未见也。
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九、全体清朝民众

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皇帝忍无可忍，把魅魔圈禁起来，免得魅魔又去勾引他人。

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结果民间居然传出谣言，说“八佛被囚，军民怨新主”，魅魔不知道为何被人当成了佛。

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皇帝崩溃了，怒发一万条反问：他哪里佛了？佛在哪里？where is 佛？

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阿其那等心怀奸恶，扰乱国政，煽惑人心，邀买美名，结交匪类，徧处称扬伊善，不过欺人而已，岂能欺上天皇考乎？阿其那等承欢皇考者何处？效力者何处？有裨国家者何处？利济军民者何处？施恩臣工者何处？有益兄弟者何处？且当皇考圣明在御之时，阿其那为皇子，何得交结外人，不曾与政事，有何善足称，遂至人目之为佛者，何故耶？
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清朝民众：对不起皇上，我们也已经堕其术中了。

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十、其实皇帝也被魅魔蛊惑了。

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那到底为什么会达成这个效果呢？

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因为皇帝本人也（曾）堕其术中，甚至房子都在魅魔的隔壁。

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历史上胤禛和胤禩的关系到底怎么样？

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把皇上四哥也算进去，那么单单前十二个序齿 + 未早夭的兄弟，被魅魔蛊惑到的就足足有六个了，占一半。（嗯。

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但皇帝精通觉迷技巧，凭借自己坚定的意志力爬了出来。

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哦！伟大的雍正帝！

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于是雍正帝汲取自身教训，号召大家一定要远离魅魔。结果一扭头，大家还是在堕其术中！

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哦，可怜的雍正帝！

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可惜的是哥们早年堕其术中的痕迹太多，骂个魅魔都要先把自己的存在从魅魔身边摘出去才能骂。

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甚至偶尔还不小心觉迷失败，吐露一些堕其术中的发言。

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年羹尧：并没有说我已经堕其术中，但魅魔确实挺可爱的。嗯。

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雍正：就是说！其他人真是丑妇效颦，万不及一！

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其允禟语无伦次，心地（朱批：秉性）浅诈，竭力做哭（朱批，虽诈，这还好）介而无眼泪，故为亲热煦煦孑孑之状，盖有意学廉亲王而（朱批：丑妇效颦，万不及一！）细致则远不及也。
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嗯，你让雍正承认魅魔貌比西施他是不会承认的，但要是别人试着学魅魔哭，雍正就会骂别人丑妇效颦了。

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\"\"
中国人啊，如果只是想开天窗是得说要砸墙的 jpg
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好在他儿子乾隆帮他擦了屁股，编的《实录》里基本把雍正口不择言骂魅魔的痕迹全删掉了。

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十一、但另一个儿子就没那么省心了。

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三阿哥·又长高了·大清巨人·弘时，他命中注定的瑛贵人不在后宫。

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在真实历史中，他命中注定的瑛贵人在前朝，正是他的魅魔八叔。

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魅魔：三阿哥你要做什么？我是你的八叔！

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三阿哥：我就那么比不上皇阿玛吗？我心里有你，皇阿玛他老了！

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魅魔还没来得及答应（？）就被他爸圈起来了。（大悲）

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他爸雍正折腾八叔，给他折腾急眼了，跟他爸水灵灵地对着干，给爹气完了。

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早在雍正三年三月，雍正在给诸王的谕旨中就提出：“今尔诸宗室闻朕谕旨，心中以为是者有之，以为不是者亦有之，朕岂能必宗室皆以此旨为是而遵行乎，即朕之子亦不能保其必行。”雍正说，他所下达的谕旨，即使在皇家、皇族的宗室中，有人以为对，也有人以为不对而不执行。即使是自己的儿子，也不能保证其一定会执行。这个“朕之子”当然就是指弘时，说明弘时对其父的政策、行为，多有分歧乃至违抗，已确是事实。
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雍正：我给你高出亲王的待遇，你这小兔崽子胳膊肘还往外拐？！

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三阿哥：可是八叔就是魅……哦不是，八叔可是八叔啊！

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雍正：你既然要为你八叔求情，就去做他的儿子好了。

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\"\"
我恨极了你们这帮被魅魔蛊惑的蠢货。
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尔等前为弘时请旨，时朕欲颁谕旨。朕禾念知弘时，断不可留内，故特颁旨诸王、大臣断决，以与允禩为子。今已将允禩治罪，掣回带子，从玉牒除名。将弘时既与伊为子，不能不掣回弘时之带子，著將弘时带子掣回。（此为朕深思依理所办之事，)尔等勿得屡加(妄)奏。{治一小人罪时，朕亦慎重，惟恐受冤枉,岂有将弘时强行治罪之理？}(要治允禩逐出宗室之罪，确实意外，此亦弘时之命。但弘时虽系允禩之子，若不交给他入管束，任其安行，亦有关系脸面之处。{将弘时}(其名亦令更改，将此)交付允裪，虽非叔子，仍准管养之。钦此。
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于是儿子乾隆上台后又开始给爹擦屁股。

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又谕、从前三阿哥、年少无知。性情放纵。行事不谨。皇考特加严惩。以教导朕兄弟等。使知儆戒。今三阿哥已故多年。朕念兄弟之谊。似应仍收入谱牒之内。
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大家：对啊，只是和魅魔在一起又有什么错呢。

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奏為查三阿哥從前原因阿其那獲罪株連，與本身獲罪撤去黃帶者不同。今已故多年，蒙皇上篤念兄弟之誼，仍收入譜牒，于情理允宜，應欽遵諭旨，將三阿哥仍載入玉牒。俟命下之日交與宗人府辦理。
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乾隆：其实我爸根本不想把魅魔逐出宗籍，他晚年提到这事就不开心，想后悔啊。

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乾隆：这样吧我们把八叔收回玉牒吧。

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圣心如日在天，固众所共仰也。迨皇考晚年，屡向朕谕及此事，辄愀然不乐，意颇悔之，若将留以有待者。朕即位之初，深有念于孔子三年无改之言，未敢遽易成案。今临御四十三年矣。……此事重大，朕若不言，后世子孙亦无敢言者。所有允祀、允禟二人，自不合还其原爵，仍当复其原名，收入玉牒，两人子孙亦当一并叙入。
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雍正：你个小兔崽子我 adlhaofaj**^KJYK7

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我当年哪里后悔了？！
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乾隆：对不起爸爸，可是我真的很怀念八叔。

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天啊，魅魔太可怕了，把皇帝逼成这样啊。太可怜了雍正。

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查看知乎讨论
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\n\n\n\n", + "content": "
\"头图\"/
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哦，那必然是

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康熙他八儿子·雍正他八弟·八阿哥·贤得是时候·廉亲王·胤禩。

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根据不完全统计，他前前后后魅惑过的人有：

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一、亲兄弟若干1.大阿哥胤褆

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大阿哥是个能从传教士骂到亲伯父的无敌超雄，脑子不好使但极其暴躁。

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——然而老八却能跟他关系还可以。

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允禔在诸兄弟中与允禩关系较好，或许因为允禩曾被交给允禔的生母惠妃抚养过一段时间，且是康熙诸子中少见的外表柔善、谦逊之人，肯于在允禔面前做小伏低，能够和刚猛傲慢的长兄和睦。
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大阿哥这个人，他：

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幻想跟传教士 SM，把传教士吓晕：

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杜德美神父与皇子在一起时，（大）皇子对他说：“把刘应神父叫来，用鞭子好好教训他一顿，然后把他流放到鞑靼荒野去，这主意不错吧？”
when Fr. Jartoux was with the Prince, the Prince said to him: “Wouldn’t it be a good idea to summon Fr. Visdelou here, punish him with a beating, and consign him to the wilds of Tartary?”
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跟着亲伯父上战场，把亲伯父气晕：

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允禔首次出战准噶尔，身份是副将军，当时的三军主帅是他的亲伯父裕亲王福全。……可惜，允禔此行，不但未见结交什么可靠之人为生死袍泽，反而和秉性忠厚老实的伯父闹了很大矛盾：
康熙二十九年七月出兵，不到一个月，就和裕亲王“不相和谐，妄生事端”，并且“私行陈奏”，就是背地里向父皇告伯父的黑状。幸而康熙帝行事公正，并不偏信儿子，得知情况后，不顾自己丢脸，将允禔强行撤回北京，事后又百般弥合，才避免伯侄二人的矛盾完全公开化。
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跟亲妈的关系，也有点微妙：

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康熙就曾评价大阿哥胤禔“气质暴戾”，而大阿哥的母亲惠妃也曾向康熙哭诉，奏其“不孝，请置之于法”。
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结果他被爸爸痛骂不能当太子后，小伙顶着这么多不爽，大喝一声：

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我当不了那就让老八当啊！

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一废太子之后，本来在诸皇子中处于有利地位的允禔，把自己的愚昧粗狂表现得淋漓尽致。这不能不让人想起满洲政权尚在关外时的那些场景：皇太极去世后，合法性最强的皇子豪格与实力最强的皇弟多尔衮争夺大位，多尔衮假意推托谦让，母弟多铎却看着着急，当众断喝：你不当我当！允禔这一手“我当不了让老八当”，和多铎真有异曲同工之粗豪，关外遗风毕见。
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2.七阿哥胤祐

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到了雍正初年，胤禩还能哄得他七哥帮他打报告哩。

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给雍正气完了，说：

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“现在廉亲王处处学我！但凡有什么事能占便宜、钻空子，他就必然唆使允祐、允禟、允禵提出来，从中捞取好处，自己则充好人！比如允祐[1]，他都是什么时候分府的老户了，还要照此找补，这是什么体统？”

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兹廉王凡事必仿于朕，以朕为齐，凡有便宜事或稍许疏漏之事，必唆使淳王、贝子允禟、允禵提出，以捞取之，伊自己权充好人。虽为清廉王[1]，但系何时分府的老户，亦要照此找补，成何体统？
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哦，八阿哥可太魅魔……哦不对，太坏了！

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3.九阿哥胤禟

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同生共死的阿其那与塞思黑，关系自不必说。

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在胤禟的管家秦道然眼里，八阿哥简直就像是当着管账正宫的面操控杀猪盘骗钱的绿茶捞男。

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再八爷说自己穷，要九爷吩咐满丕帮盘缠，满丕应了，送了一万两，这是八爷的巧取处。
允禩也晓得允禟是庸才，其所以与他厚结的缘故，不过为他肯替允禩使钱，要借他钱财，收拾些人心，允禩每访得九流术士中有些异样的，便令心腹人招至家中，藏之密室，到打发出去的时节，便叫允禟送他银子，或一百两或二百两不等。这种人也多得紧，我时常听见送银子到允禩家里去的人向我说，所以我得知道。至于给的是什么人，我实不曾知道。
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我老公的钱啊！怎么给了你这种人！

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这都是我老公辛辛苦苦赚来的啊！！！
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到现在知乎里还有胤禟是不是被胤禩 PUA 了的问题。

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嗯，秦道然一定很想答。

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4.十阿哥胤䄉

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十阿哥的生母钮祜禄氏，是辅政大臣遏必隆之女、康熙帝继后孝昭仁皇后的亲妹妹。

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在康熙的众多皇子中，从生母地位上看，十阿哥仅次于太子，居于第二；

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而从外戚门第、势力上看，恐怕还要比太子更高一些。

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然而这样一个高贵的（？）阿哥，照样像个甜狗一样围着八哥转，被八哥蛊得晕头转向。

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还说什么：八阿哥，你是我们的主子，你可要多多照顾我们啊！

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我与塞思黑、允禵同向阿其那云：尔乃我等之主，后日须怜㸔我等。阿其那闭一目而笑。
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5.十四阿哥胤祯

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十四阿哥胤祯，跟雍正同个妈，是雍正铁打的同母亲弟弟。

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他从康熙四十七年开始，就像条甜狗一样跟着他八哥，观之十分震撼。

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在康熙锁拿允禩的时候，胤祯积极为胤禩辩护。

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老父亲气得要死，拔刀而出，差点将亲儿子当场手刃。

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康熙四十七年。九月。
壬寅。上召诸皇子入乾清宫。谕曰当废允礽之时。朕已有上□日诸阿哥中如有钻营谋为皇太子者即国之贼。法断不容。废皇太子后。允禔曾奏称允禩好。春秋之义人臣无将将则必诛。大宝岂人可妄行窥伺者耶。允禩柔奸性成、妄蓄大志朕素所深知。其党羽早相要结谋害允礽。今其事皆已败露。著将允禩锁拏交与议政处审理。皇九子允禟语皇十四子允禵云，尔我此时不言何待。允禵奏云：八阿哥无此心，臣等愿保之。上震怒。出所佩刀欲诛允禵。皇五子允祺跪抱劝止。诸皇子叩首恳求。上怒少解。命诸皇子挞允禵。将允禟、允禵逐出。　
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可怜的胤祯被兄弟们打了二十大板，被老爹轰出宫去，他依旧不改。

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甚至自负枷锁、身怀毒药，要是有什么不测，就要和八哥一块去死。

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被轰出宫去之后，允禵还不罢休，准备相约众皇子一起为允禩保奏。他还让人准备了一副枷锁，跟在被锁起来的允禩身后，以示共患难之意；甚至随身携带毒药，直到允禩被释放之日，才当众取出扔掉。
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康熙都服了，直接把他踢出宫去分府，本来皇子分配府邸会有的头一年支给食物待遇都不好。

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康熙朝惯例，阿哥分府的第一年由宫里支给食物，第二年开始靠自己。十四分府时父子关系紧张，待遇就不太好，后来出兵时关系逆转，颇受关爱，就主动要求支食物。
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他反倒自豪起来了，把自己拿命来保八阿哥这件事到处跟兄弟们说。

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胤禩也乐呵呵地答：多亏我的几个弟弟了。

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因有令阿其那相面之事，为圣祖皇帝治罪。时允禵将舍命完结之事，常常告诉臣等。阿其那亦曾告诉：当获罪时，因诸弟之帮助而受益。
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别的兄弟来看望他，要是刚刚好胤禩在，就看见他对胤禩处处照顾，让别人直呼恶俗。

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臣去允禵府第，遇有阿奇那在时，允禵对阿奇那照样行动照管者，迂俗可厌，连跟随阿奇那之太监皆格外照管。
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康熙不给他随驾，他死活偏要去，还三番两次奏请，就是要跟着去。

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康熙服了，说：看你这要死要活的劲，哪是想跟着我啊，你就是想跟着你八哥。

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皇考駕幸熱河，特㫖命允禩不論班行走，衆阿哥分為三班行走，而允禵乃抵死欲去，屢次奏請，奉皇考諭㫖：觀爾抵死欲去之意，豈欲隨朕，亦不過欲隨八阿哥去耳。後輪至第三班，特㫖令其停止，乃仍不肯遵，畢竟隨去。
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不得不说康熙说得太对了，胤祯就是想跟着他八哥。

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下次换成八阿哥在京城，他被爸爸带出去，他立刻就又不走了。

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到底是想跟着谁呢好难看出来啊。（那种语气）
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及值允禩母妃事出，於康熈五十三年夏月，留允禩在京，命帶允禵前去，而伊又設法留京，彼時允禩理宜勸止允禵，乃竟不行勸止，一任允禵屢次觸忤皇考。
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康熙发难胤禩的时候，他跟胤禩说“我们要死就一起死”。

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圣祖皇帝幸冬狩时，执阿其那之侍卫太监，将阿其那遣返时，允禵曾告诉臣言，允禵至阿其那处言称：我等死则一起死。等语。
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康熙不给别人去见胤禩，他偷偷去不说，还要帮别人打招呼，别人说要是被康熙听见了对谁都不好啊，他嘿嘿一笑说：是啊！

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奉圣祖皇帝谕旨：阿其那惑乱众心，意行甚奸，著逐出不令再见之。钦此。其后，允禵隐瞒圣祖皇帝，仍潜往阿其那处不断。允禵曾传话称，见阿其那时，问臣好。等语。时臣言：虽有亲临问好之意，但圣祖皇帝闻之，对谁都不好。等语。时允禵微笑言：是。
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八阿哥给他写了封信，央求他用手底下某人，他立马就对此人另眼相看了。

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那木札尔称，安王给老爷送一信，云云。我当即拆开来信，内开，吾已央求八阿哥曰：吾门下副都统宗札布，现在军营，请转求十四阿哥，若能照顾，请多关照。八阿哥已央求十四阿哥。云云。自我收到此信之后，观察其情，允禵已另眼看待我。
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四哥的圣旨他不跪，八阿哥出来只说他该跪，他一句话没说，扑通一声跪下了。

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阿其那见众人共议允禵之非。乃向允禵云，汝应下跪。便寂然无声而跪。不遵皇上谕旨。止重阿其那一言。结党背君，公然无忌。
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不仅如此，他俩还直接结为契友了。

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谈论不惜自己互相照顾为大义时，阿其那此辈已互相结为契友。
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《雍正王朝》里他俩塑料得要命，回看历史雍正帝自己给胤祯列的所谓十四项大罪，前三条每条都是几个大字：

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你 和 胤 禩 太 近 了

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1. 允禵性质狂悖。与阿其那尤相亲密。圣祖仁皇帝于二阿哥之案。将阿其那拏问时。召入众阿哥。谕以阿其那谋夺东宫之罪。现交议政究审。允禵与塞思黑、同向圣祖仁皇帝之前。允禵奏云、阿其那并无此心。若将阿其那问罪。我等愿与同罪。圣祖仁皇帝震怒。拔佩刀欲杀允禵。经允祺力劝稍解。将允禵重加责惩。与塞思黑一并逐出。众所共知者一也。
2. 康熙四十八年夏、圣祖仁皇帝避暑口外。恐伊等聚党生事。止令阿其那跟随行走。允禵敝帽故衣。坐小车。装作贩卖之人。私送出口。日则潜踪而随。夜则至阿其那帐房歇宿。密语通霄。踪迹诡异。众所共知者一也。
3. 圣祖仁皇帝知允禵昏愚狂妄。必生事端。因遣往军前。使不得朋匪为恶。而允禵与阿其那、塞思黑、密信往来。曾无间断。机计莫测。众所共知者一也。
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6.其实还有一个兄弟也堕其术中

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但我要卖个关子，暂按不表。

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二、亲爹

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别看后面父子二人闹得那么僵，其实八儿子从小把亲爹蛊得不要不要的。

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在亲爹眼里，八阿哥从小开始，就对才艺展示颇有一些天赋。

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二十六年六月，康熙帝带领7 岁的允禩与其他几位较其稍长的皇子，来到皇太子允礽的书房，让他们分别在诸大臣前诵读经书。
允禩等人以次近前，各读数篇，童音朗朗，舒缓纯熟。康熙帝倍感欣慰，诸臣赞叹不已。
是年八月，允禩第一次随康熙帝巡幸塞外，在此次随扈皇子中年龄最小。
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他十二岁时，随着两位哥哥前往山东祭孔，这时又展现了相看马匹的天赋。

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康熙帝舍去较允禩年长的皇五子允祺和皇七子允祐，选派允禩随同两位皇兄前往，自有深意。允禩尚在少年，已具有骑术精湛，善于相马等特长。途中，凡由京城送至马匹，首先由允禩试骑，其后再定是否由允祉、胤禛等骑用。
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亲爹统兵亲征噶尔丹，八阿哥屁颠屁颠跟着出征。

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他们在鄂尔多斯围猎，因猎获野兔极多，康熙甚感惊奇，写信给皇太子，详细描述了打猎的情况。

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谕皇太子：十二日，驻跸宽托洛惠。本设双层围，兔雉丰盛，不可言状。朕四十多岁何处未行，未见如此兔丰。放围无分主仆，唯猎射，并无闲暇，朕殪一百三十八只，大阿哥殪五十九只，三阿哥殪五十五只，八阿哥殪五十只。裕亲王殪二十只，北围殪五只，为极少者。
……十三日驻跸。本两层围猎，雉少，兔与十二日同。自朕躬以下至猎人，前日殪兔力竭，手指皆肿而不能射，朕殪八十三只，大阿哥殪四十一只，三阿哥殪四十三只，八阿哥殪三十九只，打围人共殪一千四百四十二只。未计鄂尔多斯猎人所殪数额，……
十六日驻跸吉格苏泰。设双层围场，雉甚多，兔与前同。朕殪一百二十二只，大阿哥殪五十九只，三阿哥殪五十五只，八阿哥殪五十四只，裕亲王殪二十二只，围场之人殪一千二百十五只。未计蒙古人围猎之数。
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大阿哥、三阿哥都是骑射功夫极好的皇子。

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大阿哥才七岁，就能射中老虎。

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康熙十八年年底，玄烨在南苑行围，“纵虎出圈，命众驱逐，皇第五子保清（大阿哥乳名）亲射，中之”。保清即皇长子胤禔，当时也只有 7 周岁。这样年幼的孩子追射凶猛异常的老虎，尽管旁边有人保护，也要冒很大危险，足见玄烨在培养儿子方面，具有不同一般为父之人的胆魄。
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不同于刻板印象里的书呆子，三阿哥的骑射，甚至还要好过大阿哥。

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皇三子胤祉的弓箭和枪法，还要超过他的两位兄长，无论参加行围或较射，他往往是命中率最高的射手之一。据马国贤神甫回忆，玄烨晚年在热河时，喜欢在围猎之余，“观看他的满洲摔跤手们角斗，也常常命令他的孙子们及其他高级将领在他面前进行较射。有时，他甚至加入与他的第三个儿子(胤祉)比赛的行列，因为这个儿子的箭法几乎同他父亲一样好”。
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从胤禩所射兔的数量与大阿哥、三阿哥几乎相同可见，胤禩的骑射功夫也十分不错。

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而最使胤禩从诸位阿哥中脱颖而出，成为亲爹爱子的，则是他出类拔萃的管理能力。

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三十五年二月，康熙帝第一次亲征噶尔丹。15 岁的胤禩，在 6 位随征皇子中年龄最小。

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亲征期间，他跟随康熙帝身边，奉命管理火器营，并得到了父亲的“嘉美诗”。

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戎行亲莅制机宜，栉沐风霜总不辞，随侍晨昏依帐殿，焦劳情事尔应知。
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“你早晚都在我的营帐边随侍左右，

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我为国事的焦虑与辛劳，你应当最能理解呀。”

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是年九月份，康熙帝第二次亲征噶尔丹，从第一次随征的 6 位皇子中挑选 3 人带往。

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四阿哥、五阿哥、七阿哥落选，大阿哥、三阿哥和八阿哥再次随征。

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足以见得，胤禩的表现，给康熙留下了深刻印象。

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我儿子真好。
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他受封贝勒，以及大阿哥、三阿哥受封郡王，都是因为三人在随驾亲征噶尔丹的表现，以及平时的印象，都非常不错。

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八阿哥受封贝勒的当年，经康熙帝指婚，娶安亲王岳乐的外孙女郭络罗氏为嫡福晋。

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郭络罗氏母家的背景，可谓非常深厚。她的外公安亲王岳乐，可谓是清朝顺治、康熙年间功勋卓著的名将。顺治帝一度想把皇位传给他，在平定三藩之乱的时候，他更是立下了汉马功劳。

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康熙择选具有如此母家背景之人为儿媳，惟有当他对该子印象甚佳时，方会为之。

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之后八阿哥惹爹生气，爹左忍右忍，终于忍不了了——

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于是把气全撒在了儿媳和她的舅舅们身上。

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允祀素受制于妻，其妻系安郡王岳乐之女所出，安郡王因谄媚辅政大臣，遂得亲王。其妃系索额图之妹，世祖皇帝时记名之女子。其子马尔浑、景熙、吴尔占等，俱系允祀妻之母舅，并不教训允祀之妻，任其嫉妒行恶，是以允祀迄今尚未生子。
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爹：都怪你们不管好我儿媳！

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八福晋：？

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\"\"
个死老头把我当你们 play 的一环是吧？
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从此以后的十年，胤禩一直受到父皇的宠爱和倚重。

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单单这十年里，他拉过的重要磨就有：

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1.管理广善库，所得成就获得裕亲王的赞赏。

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康熙帝曾让允禩管理广善库。允禩借此机会广结人缘，充分施展才干。康熙帝与其兄裕亲王福全自幼感情笃深，后者逝于四十二年六月。“裕亲王病时，曾以广善库为因，力荐允禩有才有德。”福全的看法对康熙帝会产生一定影响。
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2.他和三阿哥一块审理索额图。

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康熙四十二年，太子党的头号人物索额图被拘禁，康熙皇帝在巡行途中手书密旨，派人连夜交给三阿哥允祉和八阿哥允禩，命他们二人秘密审理索额图，并抓捕其同党。这一年允禩只有二十二岁，能够接受这样重大的政治任务，足见康熙帝对他的信任。
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一废太子的时候，胤禩更是风光无两。

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3.他先是和胤禛一起，被留在京城代理政事——名字居然还在他的四哥前面。

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这在严格遵循长幼尊卑的古代，是意义极其特殊的。

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4.在允礽的乳公凌普被从内务府总管一职撤下后，胤禩不但承担了内务府总管的职责，甚至还负责了查抄凌普。

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康熙四十七年一废太子时，康熙帝命允禩、胤禛二人留京办事，其中允禩署理内务府总管，名字也罕见地被列在了兄长胤禛之前。
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毙鹰事件大家应该都多少有所耳闻。

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八阿哥不听话，给亲爹气完了，大骂：他竟敢还上奏说自己冤枉，他冤枉在哪里？！！！

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伊摺内奏称冤抑。试问伊所谓冤抑者何在。
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但大家估计不太知道：

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康熙还写过一封给家人的信，信中为允禩呈献毙鹰一事开脱。。

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亲爹：我知道他冤枉在哪里。

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\"\"
姑息之爱大爆发 jpg
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三、妈妈们1.养母惠妃

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还是毙鹰事件，还是大家应该不太知道的是：

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毙鹰事件之后，惠妃为了八阿哥，甚至跟康熙大吵一架，吵到外省的督抚都有所耳闻，上奏询问。。

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比如他的养母惠妃，虽然别有亲子允禔，但显然对允禩的关爱更甚。允禔被囚禁时，惠妃“亦奏称其不孝，请置之于法”，无论是真心还是忍痛，毕竟做出了支持康熙帝决策的表态。到康熙五十三年，康熙帝因为“毙鹰事件”痛责允禩，父子之间几乎恩断义绝，而此时的惠妃，或为保护养子起见，与皇帝发生激烈争执，以致外省督抚都有所耳闻。
奴才服思，惠妃主子之事，圣主必是叹恨。然圣主已有年纪，若多烦闷，恐御体必受苦累。——云贵总督郭严奏折
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嗯，养母为了养子跟丈夫大吵一架的含金量……

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后来雍正继位，母妃都要出宫由儿子们赡养。惠妃乐呵呵地就跑到八阿哥家里住了。

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慧妃母妃、乃大阿哥之生母、允禩之慈母也。允禩少時、即為慧妃母妃所撫養。朕因大阿哥獲罪禁鋼。其諸子又少不知事。意欲奉養於允禩之邸。因遣人詢問慧妃母妃。慧妃母妃欣然允從。
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2.全体妈妈们

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在雍正看来，八阿哥甚至还把所有妈妈们都给蛊惑了！

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雍正想死都想不明白为啥自己登基三年母妃没一个来看自己，差人都没差过。

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想了想又把锅推给八阿哥。

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肯定是胤禩的问题！是胤禩让妈妈们都不来看我！

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都是魅魔的问题！

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彼时允祹、酌议诸位母妃移府之礼。允祹议奏内、有朕思念诸位母妃之时、即令入宫相见等语。朕以诸位母妃、岂有召入相见之礼。深责允祹之非。迄今三年以来、诸位母妃、未曾遣人至朕前一问起居。诸位母妃、深居府中、一切皆诸王主持。此必允禩从中阻挠。诸王亦遂观望不前耳。
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四、亲伯父&堂弟

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皇子们唯一的亲伯父，康熙唯一的哥哥，裕亲王福全，也深深受到他八侄子的蛊惑。

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前文提到，在这些侄子中，大阿哥和他这个亲伯父的关系尤为不好。太子胤礽与自己这位宽厚温和，谦虚自持的亲伯父，亦关系不佳。

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而本答中的大魅魔八阿哥，蛊得他力荐“有才有德”、“心性好，不务矜夸”。

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这一份支持，甚至还在一定程度上左右过康熙的决定。

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一废太子期间，玄烨谈到胤禩时说：“…… 乃若八阿哥之为人，诸臣奏称其贤，裕亲王存日亦曾奏言八阿哥心性好，不务矜夸。”有的学者指出，福全去世前，曾向玄烨揭发皇太子胤礽的种种劣迹，同时赞扬胤禩聪明能干，品行端正，建议玄烨立后者为储君。这次谈话后不久，胤礽的主要支持者索额图即被拘禁，看来玄烨已考虑皇兄的建言，认为胤禩 “是可以代替胤礽做皇太子的人选之一。”
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而他的儿子，继承了他的王爵的保泰，也从小与魅魔的关系最为亲昵友好。

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被康熙帝养在宫中、待如亲子的侄儿保泰就和八阿哥允禩关系最好。
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甚至到了雍正初年，保泰还在为了八阿哥和八阿哥的党羽跟雍正作对。

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雍正气完了，骂他小时候教保泰算术，保泰居然不感恩。

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况保泰幼年初在大内行走之时，皇考令朕教习经书算法，率领指示行走。保泰受朕思顾甚深。又伯母之事，伊全家俱赖朕成全。朕藩邸人皆知之也。朕于保泰，所施之恩，伊此生何可负哉？
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五、以妻族为首的一大堆宗室亲戚

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这帮宗室亲戚，对魅魔八阿哥堪称鞍前马后，死活都要跟着八阿哥。

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我啊，现在只想做八王子的狗，做八王子的狗真的是太好了……
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近亲有之前提到的那堆兄弟、亲爹、亲妈养妈其他妈、亲伯父裕亲王福全、亲堂哥裕亲王保泰和堂侄子广宁外，还有亲伯叔恭亲王常宁的后代镇国公满都护；

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魅魔他老婆是安亲王岳乐的亲孙女，从小被外公接到家里养，几个舅舅把她宠上天了，魅魔也沾了喜气，蛊惑得这帮子舅舅乐颠颠地给他当枪使，把复立的太子拉下马。

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五十年八月，托合齐举办党派宴会。过后不久，八福晋的舅舅景熙便乘机上奏，轻飘飘地指控托合齐在“安郡王丧期一周年已过、 二周年未满”的时候，均与官员宴饮，未依例为安郡王服丧, 有悖属人礼制。
托合齐只是在除服后, 于二十七个月丧期内宴饮, 不算什么重罪，更何况康熙一向比较宽厚，这样的罪名不会让托合齐受什么大苦的；但查下去却发现，这次会饮所参加的人大有问题。
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远一点的宗亲，什么八大铁帽子王之一简亲王雅尔江阿和他儿子镇国公永谦、褚英后代贝子苏努与镇国公阿布兰、奉恩辅国公灏善的后代汝福与佛保、贝子鲁宾等等，

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数都数不完的宗亲，都变成了魅魔的狗，魅魔拿牵引绳牵都牵不过来。

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六、传教士

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作为康熙颇为宠信的一小支外国团体，传教士特别喜欢吃瓜，而且经常吃到大瓜。

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在他们口中，八阿哥的画风是这样的：

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正如我所说，皇长子最怕的就是第八子，人们普遍认为他是上天赐给政府的礼物。
As I said, more than any other of his brothers the Prince fearedthe eighth-born son, by common consent a young man who was Heaven's gift to government.
根据皇帝陛下的指令，他向老亲王历数长长一串他的先辈所犯的罪过，他责备老亲王这一支脉的世世代代始终都暗地里和当政的这一支脉作对。当念到老亲王本身的过错时，……详细列举了他当上了旗帅以后所犯的好几个错误，其中有当年已故皇帝废黜皇太子，征求大臣们意见，以图另改选一位亲王时，老亲王投了八阿哥① 的票。
① 即已故皇帝的第八子。所有的大臣们不管是满族还是汉族都赞同他当皇太子，所以，如果说这是一个错误的话，那大家都犯了同一错误。—— 原注
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传教士：根据我们所得信息判断，所有人都忍不住对上天赐给清朝的礼物犯错了。

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七、朝鲜人

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作为明朝的藩属国，朝鲜阴暗地认为清朝就是得位不正。

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于是，在几乎整个康朝，朝鲜都在积极发掘你清药丸的证据：

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康熙坏啊！太坏了！你清药丸！

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康熙天天打猎瞎玩，荒淫无道，你清药丸！
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康熙性情暴躁，你清药丸！
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康熙居然节俭，不可能，肯定是抠门，你清药丸！
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天啊康熙只懂满文，你清药丸！
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什么康熙居然会汉文，你清药丸！
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天啊太子这个德行，你清药丸！
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当然，朝鲜人不傻，知道康熙比较好，只是不肯承认。

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谁喜欢康熙我们孤立谁，因为你清药丸！
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直到雍正上位之后，他们对康熙的风评才好转回来：

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康熙好啊，太好啊，好极了啊！
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在这种情况下，朝鲜人（在康熙本朝）对胤禩的态度居然是：

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皇子们都望之没有人形，但其中皇八子好像好那么一点，也不是说就很好啦，就是好一点。嗯。
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朝鲜人：对不起，我们也对上天赐给清朝的礼物犯错了。

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八、大臣1.康熙朝的大臣

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大臣们被魅魔蛊惑得命都不要了，就跟着皇上对着干。

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康熙朝一废太子的时候，所有人不顾康熙暗示，就是要立八阿哥。

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这样的结果，对在位近五十年，自以为对朝廷局面如臂使指的康熙皇帝会产生怎样的打击，读者自可想见。自己培植、任用的满朝文武，居然为了一个年轻、没有功绩、母家卑微的允禩而揣着明白装糊涂，不惜悖逆自己的圣意，这是多么令人恐惧而且不可思议的事啊！
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康熙急眼了，放弃了所有繁文缛节，就要复立废太子。

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于是就连康熙朝的重臣、老臣，康熙帝的母舅、岳父，“佟半朝”佟国维都因为小小一只魅魔，公然跟康熙开干：

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你一直以来做得很好，但把储君的废立当儿戏，是不是有点离大谱了？咱能不能说话算话？

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皇上办事精明，天下人无不知晓，断无错误之处。此事于圣躬关系甚大，若日后皇上易于措处，祈速赐睿断，或日后难于措处，亦祈速赐睿断，总之将原定主意熟虑施行为善。
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-

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清代校勘学“创始的人”何焯，康熙朝的时候供职于武英殿修书，被康熙指派为八阿哥的伴读。

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何焯这个人刚正耿直，光明磊落，原则强烈，脾气很火爆，一连跟自己的两任老师闹得都很不愉快。

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然而，面对魅魔的攻势，何焯立马堕其术中了，连女儿都送给魅魔一家抚养。

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先生回南路上平安，何日到家？我家内外人等俱好，女先生亦好。先生女儿在此极好，更不必挂怀。
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-

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康熙宠臣李光地，到了康熙朝末期，还在那里：几个王子里面，八阿哥最贤能呀~

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大学士李光地告假回闽，今又奉特旨带病进京，闻系为立储之事诏彼密议，奴才闻知惊心，特于彼处相探，彼云“目下诸王，八王最贤”等语。
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-

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康熙宠臣明珠的儿子揆叙，学问甚好，谨慎敦厚，康熙看着就喜欢，天天念叨，不幸过世得早，于是念叨得更多了，送他谥号“文端”。

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（揆叙）议论识鉴词藻压倒诸人， 朕昔知为满洲第一，今日汉人中亦推第一矣。
掌院下世再欲得如此（揆叙）一人，良不易得。
毕，上又曰： “翰林院学士甚属紧要，自揆叙没后，朕再四思维，并不得称此职之人。必须学问优长，善于钤束，不畏人之人，方好。”
上又曰： “揆叙学问甚好，为人甚是谨慎敦厚，殊属可惜。朕因伊年少，并未当面嘉奖，不特朕惜之，即诸人无有不惜之者。”
大学士马齐奏曰：“揆叙年少老成，不但学问好，九卿及议政之事亦甚好。伊记性远胜臣等，不惟皇上深惜，举朝满汉大臣官员俱为惜之。一闻其没，俱往吊唁。”
内阁学士常鼐奏曰： “揆叙所学不但超出满洲之中，即汉人中亦少。”
上曰：“然。诚为可惜。”
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当然这样一位美好的小伙，他其实也被魅魔轻轻地蛊惑，跟康熙对着干。

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及二阿哥既废。揆叙与廷臣、暗通消息。各人手心俱写一八字。众所共知者一也。
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-

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康熙的宠臣阿灵阿，太师遏必隆第七子，孝昭仁皇后之弟，康熙喜欢极了，时不时送点什么，生病后派御医调治，还命公主做饭赏赐给他。

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阿灵阿去世后，康熙深为可惜，让好几个皇子都给他送灵。

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康熙年间倚重的重臣，“凡一切军机奏议无不恰合上心，一时大臣无有出其右者。圣祖仁皇帝恩遇甚隆，常赐上方动用之件及上亲乘名马。”康熙四十三年，赐御书“崇先裕后”匾额命皇十子胤䄉来悬。康熙五十五年三月，得疾，即遣御医调治，复赐御制药教以调养，康熙又亲占易卦甚吉，特谕晓之，后病稍愈。康熙驾至边外，病之好坏令每日奏闻，不时遣内侍看视。因服药无效，不思饮食，康熙命二公主（固伦荣宪公主）制饭赐之。围内所得狍鹿等鲜物赐之。时有西洋名医奉诏看视。至十月二十一日卒，享年四十七岁。康熙闻之，甚为悼惜，著左翼王贝勒吊唁，遣镶黄旗一旗大臣侍卫至奠茶酒，赐上驷马四匹，银两千两，令分属九佐领官兵俱穿孝服。皇太后（孝惠章皇后）遣首领赐茶饭，妃嫔皆遣首领赐茶奠酒至发引前一日遣首领送灵。发引之日，康熙命皇四子胤禛、皇五子胤祺、皇十子胤䄉，皇十七子胤礼以及镶黄一旗大臣侍卫护送，又命十七阿哥福晋亦送至墓所。追谥敏恪立碑墓上。
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虽然康熙那么宠爱他，但他也被魅魔蛊惑，犯了错。

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康熙五十三年冬、圣祖仁皇帝驻跸遥亭。……圣祖仁皇帝愤怒。严讯伊之护卫、及太监等。朋党奸谋。尽行显露。其太监冯进朝、供称鄂伦岱、阿灵阿、系伊逆党。
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不止他本人，他的儿子也子承父业，被魅魔蛊惑得颠三倒四，官都不做了也要跟皇帝对着干。

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况此奸党之风。如阿灵阿之子阿尔松阿、苏努之子勒什享等、皆继其父志、而奸恶过焉。似此毫无忌惮。父子相承。先后济恶。实为国家之大患。
阿尔松阿往天津料理监务时，甚属明白可嘉，以为可而用之，乃降旨之时，疑欲杀伊，抵死固辞。
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还有更多更多，数不胜数的康朝大臣们，全部都对魅魔八阿哥犯了错，没给爹留下啥人。

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对不起，皇上，你儿子真香。
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2.雍正朝大臣

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雍正朝的大臣更不得了了，别说基本操作之为了维护魅魔跟皇帝对着干了，魅魔都死了，他们心里还装着个魅魔，继续跟皇帝对着干。

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对不起，皇上，你弟弟真香。
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佟国纲的儿子鄂伦岱，仗着自己是皇亲国戚，天王老子来了也不服，上怼康熙雍正两任皇帝，下虐弟弟法海。

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他爸佟国纲[2]被这个儿子气疯了，上奏康熙，要求康熙把这个儿子杀了算数。

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然而，显赫的身份带给鄂伦岱却是刚愎自用，狂傲不羁的性格弱点，就连他的父亲佟国纲都不被他放在眼里。两人是关系极为不佳，经常性的争执，以至于佟国纲不惜上奏康熙“请诛其子”，弄得满堂皆知，佟家颜面无存。
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结果他爸康熙二十九年战死，马革裹尸，为了体恤他家，康熙还是把他爸的爵位承袭给了鄂伦岱。（笑死了）

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康熙二十九年（1690 年），佟国纲在“乌兰布通之战”中死战殉国，鄂伦岱却袭承了佟国纲的一等公的爵位，不知道此时的佟国纲如果泉下有知的话，会不会死不瞑目。
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他弟弟法海出身下贱，是佟国纲的侍婢所生。鄂伦岱十分看不起法海，百般虐待，甚至还不给法海的生母入祖坟。

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面对如此优秀的弟弟，鄂伦岱只是因为他的卑微的出身就对其母子颇为歧视，特别是在佟国纲去世后，鄂伦岱更加的肆无忌惮、任意虐待。甚至在法海的母亲去世后，鄂伦岱还不准其葬入佟家祖坟。这样就使得鄂伦岱与法海这对兄弟之间结下了深仇大恨，从此是老死不相往来。
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康熙拿他当侍卫，他把康熙当表哥。

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好消息：他俩确实是亲戚。

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坏消息：鄂伦岱连他爸都不吊，那么他对表哥的看法是_______？

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答：照样不吊，请安都不请，就在旁边跟别的侍卫射箭玩儿，气得康熙骂他：小兔崽子你是真找死啊？

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信不信我今个代替你爸教训你？
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鄂伦岱选择——？

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答：鄂伦岱选择了无视。

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及在热河皇考圣体违和之时，并未请安一次，其意颇以为快，在热河宫门前每日较射欢笑。其后皇考于行围地方向鄂伦岱云：尔甚无恩情，尔所作之罪不可胜数，实为可杀之人。伊承旨之下毫无畏惧，倨傲如故，亲随侍卫等不胜愤恨，人人髪指，因此皇考愤懑终日。
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康熙气完了，一条条数他的罪过，叫人拿鞭子抽他。

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在热河时，皇考圣体甚是违和，大臣侍卫等俱请安求瞻仰圣颜。惟鄂伦岱并不请安，且率同乾清门侍卫等，每日较射游戏。鄂伦岱罪恶多端，皇考行围哨鹿时悉数其罪，令侍卫五哥鞭责之。
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到了雍正朝，面对表哥的儿子，鄂伦岱选择——

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答：照样吊也不吊。

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雍正对佟佳氏加恩，他不奏谢。

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伊之父祖朕俱厚加恩典，冀其悛改过恶，为朕出力。而鄂伦岱结党之心坚如金石，并无感激报效之念。以为朕之加恩于其父祖皆因隆科多之力所致，与己无涉，在朕前并无一语奏谢。
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雍正整顿吏治，清除异己，搞得差不多了，群臣都在下面陪笑脸，就只有他一个人低头冷笑。

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朕每召诸王大臣等颁发谕旨，鄂伦岱从未有一次点首心服。前召旗下大臣面谕云，近日是臣等办事将从前积习已改十之七八，若再整顿一二年便可全改。朕尝虑向来恶习恐非诛戮一二人不能挽回，今看来可不用诛戮矣，为此朕心甚喜，诸臣无不点首喜动颜色，惟鄂伦岱略无喜容，俯首冷笑。彼时朕即欲降旨诘责，已而中止。
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雍正问他手下有个人做事如何，他压根不认识这个人就说这人平常。

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雍正骂他：你胡说。

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他直接说：我就是胡说啊。给雍正气晕了。

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昨因办理旗下之事，在众人前将一原当侍卫之人问鄂伦岱：此人何如？鄂伦岱并未认识妄奏云：此人平常。朕责以尔在皇考时身为大臣存心狡狯，只知顾惜身家，不肯实心出力，苟且欺罔，朕所稔知，此等处朕屡经开谕，毫不悛改。今日在众人前又如此诳奏，是诚何意？鄂伦岱奏云：我信口回奏。含忿摇头，故激朕怒。
\n

他甚至在乾清门院子里掀开衣服就尿，把雍正气死了。

\n
又一年元旦清晨，在乾清门院内掀衣而溺，朕见之骇异，知其行同畜类。
\n

雍正顾忌他是太后、太皇太后两任国舅爷的后人，搞了容易被骂不孝，不然早掐死他了。

\n

就这样一个人，一个拽哥，一个天底下头等无君无父的法外狂徒，

\n

他面对魅魔展现出了如何的定力呢？

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答：无定力，已狠狠堕其术中。

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\"\"
就是这个八阿哥爽！
\n

康熙被八儿子送的老鹰气完了，审问八儿子的下属，问谁是魅魔的党羽，下属当场指认了鄂伦岱。

\n

他没话说了还要硬说，跪在旁边，也不管自己能不能回话，直接丢给人家一个问句：你说我与你主子一党，你主子与过我何物？

\n
圣怒当日因允禩得罪在要亭地方，将伊门下太监审讯。太监云：阿灵阿、鄂伦岱乃我主子之党，问他二人便知。彼时阿灵阿、鄂伦岱在傍，俱无言可辩，顔色改变良久，但称：我既系你主子之党，平日曽送过何物？你主子曽赏过我何物？
\n

回头康熙越想越气[3]，回宫的时候沿途一直在骂鄂伦岱，走了三十里就骂了三十里，一直没消气。

\n

鄂伦岱叼都不叼。

\n

当时还只是雍亲王的雍正：……？

\n
\"\"
这，这对吗……？
\n
次年春，皇考从霸州回銮，自行宫起身至南红门，言及鄂伦岱等结党之事，皇考震怒，沿途切责鄂伦岱，行至三十里而圣怒未解。鄂伦岱悍然不知畏惧，亦无一毫爱君之心，朕在旁悚惕不安之甚，
\n

雍正忍不住了，要拉人劝劝康熙，结果康熙从旁边出来，鄂伦岱甚至变本加厉，以至于康熙看到他的脸就开喷。

\n

得亏是劝住了，不然又有好戏看呢。（不是

\n
及圣驾出，而鄂伦岱仍悍然向前迎立以触圣怒，致皇考复严加切责，娄徵额进前奏劝，朕遂泣奏云：皇父圣体初愈，此等悖逆之人何足屡烦圣怒，乱臣贼子自有国法，若交与臣便可即行诛戮。因朕恳奏再三，皇考之怒方解。
\n

到了雍正朝，鄂伦岱还是横着走，对魅魔的宠爱（？）也变本加厉，倾身回护，代替魅魔上奏。

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之前子承父业，同堕八阿哥术中的阿尔松阿也来帮腔，两人就这样一起违抗皇帝。

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于是鄂伦岱甚至抗衡圣旨，将雍正给的圣旨丢在地板上，将死罪揽在己身，悍傲已极。

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朕即位以来效法皇考，仍不念其罪恶，施恩保全。乃伊每事扰乱，倾身回护阿其那，因阿其那佐领一事，在外于众人前一番议论，在内代伊启奏，显露悖逆之状，将朕所交硃批谕旨掷于乾清门地上，在朕前举止抗横，为人臣者当如是乎？
朕有硃批谕旨降与阿尔松阿者，令鄂伦岱转交，乃鄂伦岱于乾清门众人前将朕旨掷之于地，且极力党护阿尔松阿，将其死罪承认在身，愍不畏死，顽悍已极。
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雍正破大防。

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鄂伦岱：可魅魔就是魅魔啊，你算鸡毛。（抠鼻

\n

-

\n

额尔金是十阿哥的长史，也在魅魔主管的上驷院工作。

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仗着自己是魅魔的人，对皇帝就开始傲慢无礼啊！太坏了！

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额尔金在上驷院行走时，依附允禩，为其党与。所以敢在朕前傲慢者，恃有此耳。伊实为允禩党内凶悍之人，愈见皇考知人之明，昭昭不爽。朕之复用额尔金，甚属错误。
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-

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有个武会元叫金昆，雍正想要用他，把他安排到魅魔主管的工部下。

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没想到魅魔看见金昆这孔武有力的肌肉，啊不对，发达的大脑，馋了。

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金昆看见魅魔，那更是走不动路了，魂都被勾走了，硬是把魅魔当成知己，给雍正气死了。

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上諭：工部主事金昆昔年曾在府中绘画行走，朕因其从武会元出身，识得数字，故令改授文职。伊籤掣工部主事，自到工部诸事把持招摇放纵，廉亲王居心巧诈，事事任用，凡有差使俱将金昆派出，搪塞其意，以为金昆有过，天下必加朕以私用匪人之名也。金昆亦倚廉亲王为知已，肆行无忌，大负朕恩。着将金昆革职，令在内庭禁锢行走效力。如不能改过自新或又多事，必从重治罪。
\n

-

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当然，金昆不只是个例。

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事实上，八阿哥管理下的全体上驷院和工部全体官员，全部都被魅魔上司蛊得神魂颠倒，任由魅魔摆布。

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尔工部官员等，受皇考数十年教养之恩，当念君臣大义，为朕竭力尽心以图报称，勿因允禩之甘言诡计为其所惑。允禩故为小心谨畏，于属员则作噢咻体恤之状，……
允禩居心行事如此。尔诸大臣、定已尽知。惟是工部上驷院两衙门官员人等、恐不知廉亲王之居心奸诈。一堕其术中。便为所累。朕岂忍两衙门之臣下、为伊所愚弄乎。用是再加晓谕。非令尔等、每事与伊抗拒。但令尔等、于办事效力之处、一归于正、勿被伊引诱惑乱而已。
\n

虽然雍正觉得大家应该都已经认出了魅魔的真面目，但大臣们还是纷纷堕其术中，同情魅魔，心甘情愿跟着魅魔受罚。

\n
乃在廷诸臣，为廉亲王所愚，反以朕为过于苛刻，为伊抱屈。即朕屡降谕旨之时，观众人神色，未尝尽以廉亲王为非。惟舅舅隆科多、大将军年羹尧、大学士王顼龄、侍郎沈近思，曾在朕前陈奏：一年以来，大小臣工因廉亲王贻累者甚多，乃甘心忍受，并不归怨廉亲王。而廉亲王恬然自安，全不知愧，又不念及国法，全无恐惧。此党援之终不能解散者也。
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不仅如此，这些官员还纷纷觉得皇帝真是太坏了，居然加害魅魔。

\n
尔工部官员等，受皇考数十年教养之恩，当念君臣大义，为朕竭力尽心以图报称，勿因允禩之甘言诡计为其所惑。允禩故为小心谨畏，于属员则作噢咻体恤之状，其心实欲败坏事务，且知朕必能察出，将众人治罪，以彰朕之苛刻，俾众人感伊而归怨于朕，其居心大抵如此。
\n

大臣们：对不起皇上，你弟弟真好！没忍住，犯错了！

\n
\"\"
就是这个魅魔爽！
\n

-

\n

就连年羹尧跟雍正上奏时都说：嗯，廉亲王的风味确实好点。

\n
其允禟语无伦次，心地浅诈，竭力做哭介而无眼泪，故为亲热煦煦孑孑之状，盖有意学廉亲王而细致则远不及也。
\n

九阿哥：（装哭）（亲热）（演技大爆发）

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年羹尧：（眼前看着九阿哥）（脑子已经飘到千里之外的京城想起可爱的廉亲王)

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年羹尧：并没有说我已经堕其术中，但魅魔确实挺可爱的。嗯。

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\"\"
\n

-

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魅魔的功力深厚，哪怕在物质上已经离去，精神上还存在于人们心中。

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具体体现为死了还能结党，可能目的是吸活人精气。

\n

这些人的名字，包括但不限于：鲁尔金、乌尔陈、苏尔金、库尔陈，法海、佛保、达尔当阿、托什、查弼纳，萧永藻、诺岷、高成龄、董永芠、四格、李凤翥、锡保，每个名字拿出来都是响当当的倒霉，哦不对，不能在魅魔面前卓然自立的愚蠢呀！

\n

甚至酒老师@不沾一滴酒 扒出来，都雍正十二年了，魅魔都去世八年了，大义觉迷录也被强制宣传好几年了，在雍正提拔的官员私下八卦里，邪恶的魅魔阿其那竟然还是【圣祖的八阿哥】【圣祖密旨说他确实好】

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\"\"
太恐怖了，简直是脑控啊！怪不得说被魅魔骗一次终身受骗！
\n

雍正都崩溃了，说自己就没见过不会被魅魔蛊惑的汉子。

\n
尔若不为塞思黑之奸恶所欺骗，能坚持初到大同之心，则将为朕多加夸奖，可惜已枉然了，然而朕将宽恕之。若与阿其那、塞思黑在一处两个月，不为伊等奸计所动之汉子，不被欺骗之聪慧之人亦少矣。
朱批：此不过楚仲防汝之论耳，已被塞思黑之愚矣，与阿其那、塞思黑对面数日，有能不被二人之奸诈所愚者，朕未见也。
\n

九、全体清朝民众

\n

皇帝忍无可忍，把魅魔圈禁起来，免得魅魔又去勾引他人。

\n

结果民间居然传出谣言，说“八佛被囚，军民怨新主”，魅魔不知道为何被人当成了佛。

\n

皇帝崩溃了，怒发一万条反问：他哪里佛了？佛在哪里？where is 佛？

\n
阿其那等心怀奸恶，扰乱国政，煽惑人心，邀买美名，结交匪类，徧处称扬伊善，不过欺人而已，岂能欺上天皇考乎？阿其那等承欢皇考者何处？效力者何处？有裨国家者何处？利济军民者何处？施恩臣工者何处？有益兄弟者何处？且当皇考圣明在御之时，阿其那为皇子，何得交结外人，不曾与政事，有何善足称，遂至人目之为佛者，何故耶？
\n

清朝民众：对不起皇上，我们也已经堕其术中了。

\n

十、其实皇帝也被魅魔蛊惑了。

\n

那到底为什么会达成这个效果呢？

\n

因为皇帝本人也（曾）堕其术中，甚至房子都在魅魔的隔壁。

\n

历史上胤禛和胤禩的关系到底怎么样？

\n

把皇上四哥也算进去，那么单单前十二个序齿 + 未早夭的兄弟，被魅魔蛊惑到的就足足有六个了，占一半。（嗯。

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但皇帝精通觉迷技巧，凭借自己坚定的意志力爬了出来。

\n

哦！伟大的雍正帝！

\n

于是雍正帝汲取自身教训，号召大家一定要远离魅魔。结果一扭头，大家还是在堕其术中！

\n

哦，可怜的雍正帝！

\n

可惜的是哥们早年堕其术中的痕迹太多，骂个魅魔都要先把自己的存在从魅魔身边摘出去才能骂。

\n

甚至偶尔还不小心觉迷失败，吐露一些堕其术中的发言。

\n

年羹尧：并没有说我已经堕其术中，但魅魔确实挺可爱的。嗯。

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雍正：就是说！其他人真是丑妇效颦，万不及一！

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其允禟语无伦次，心地（朱批：秉性）浅诈，竭力做哭（朱批，虽诈，这还好）介而无眼泪，故为亲热煦煦孑孑之状，盖有意学廉亲王而（朱批：丑妇效颦，万不及一！）细致则远不及也。
\n

嗯，你让雍正承认魅魔貌比西施他是不会承认的，但要是别人试着学魅魔哭，雍正就会骂别人丑妇效颦了。

\n
\"\"
中国人啊，如果只是想开天窗是得说要砸墙的 jpg
\n

好在他儿子乾隆帮他擦了屁股，编的《实录》里基本把雍正口不择言骂魅魔的痕迹全删掉了。

\n

十一、但另一个儿子就没那么省心了。

\n

三阿哥·又长高了·大清巨人·弘时，他命中注定的瑛贵人不在后宫。

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在真实历史中，他命中注定的瑛贵人在前朝，正是他的魅魔八叔。

\n

魅魔：三阿哥你要做什么？我是你的八叔！

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三阿哥：我就那么比不上皇阿玛吗？我心里有你，皇阿玛他老了！

\n

魅魔还没来得及答应（？）就被他爸圈起来了。（大悲）

\n

他爸雍正折腾八叔，给他折腾急眼了，跟他爸水灵灵地对着干，给爹气完了。

\n
早在雍正三年三月，雍正在给诸王的谕旨中就提出：“今尔诸宗室闻朕谕旨，心中以为是者有之，以为不是者亦有之，朕岂能必宗室皆以此旨为是而遵行乎，即朕之子亦不能保其必行。”雍正说，他所下达的谕旨，即使在皇家、皇族的宗室中，有人以为对，也有人以为不对而不执行。即使是自己的儿子，也不能保证其一定会执行。这个“朕之子”当然就是指弘时，说明弘时对其父的政策、行为，多有分歧乃至违抗，已确是事实。
\n

雍正：我给你高出亲王的待遇，你这小兔崽子胳膊肘还往外拐？！

\n

三阿哥：可是八叔就是魅……哦不是，八叔可是八叔啊！

\n

雍正：你既然要为你八叔求情，就去做他的儿子好了。

\n
\"\"
我恨极了你们这帮被魅魔蛊惑的蠢货。
\n
尔等前为弘时请旨，时朕欲颁谕旨。朕禾念知弘时，断不可留内，故特颁旨诸王、大臣断决，以与允禩为子。今已将允禩治罪，掣回带子，从玉牒除名。将弘时既与伊为子，不能不掣回弘时之带子，著將弘时带子掣回。（此为朕深思依理所办之事，)尔等勿得屡加(妄)奏。{治一小人罪时，朕亦慎重，惟恐受冤枉,岂有将弘时强行治罪之理？}(要治允禩逐出宗室之罪，确实意外，此亦弘时之命。但弘时虽系允禩之子，若不交给他入管束，任其安行，亦有关系脸面之处。{将弘时}(其名亦令更改，将此)交付允裪，虽非叔子，仍准管养之。钦此。
\n

于是儿子乾隆上台后又开始给爹擦屁股。

\n
又谕、从前三阿哥、年少无知。性情放纵。行事不谨。皇考特加严惩。以教导朕兄弟等。使知儆戒。今三阿哥已故多年。朕念兄弟之谊。似应仍收入谱牒之内。
\n

大家：对啊，只是和魅魔在一起又有什么错呢。

\n
奏為查三阿哥從前原因阿其那獲罪株連，與本身獲罪撤去黃帶者不同。今已故多年，蒙皇上篤念兄弟之誼，仍收入譜牒，于情理允宜，應欽遵諭旨，將三阿哥仍載入玉牒。俟命下之日交與宗人府辦理。
\n

乾隆：其实我爸根本不想把魅魔逐出宗籍，他晚年提到这事就不开心，想后悔啊。

\n

乾隆：这样吧我们把八叔收回玉牒吧。

\n
圣心如日在天，固众所共仰也。迨皇考晚年，屡向朕谕及此事，辄愀然不乐，意颇悔之，若将留以有待者。朕即位之初，深有念于孔子三年无改之言，未敢遽易成案。今临御四十三年矣。……此事重大，朕若不言，后世子孙亦无敢言者。所有允祀、允禟二人，自不合还其原爵，仍当复其原名，收入玉牒，两人子孙亦当一并叙入。
\n

雍正：你个小兔崽子我 adlhaofaj**^KJYK7

\n
\"\"
我当年哪里后悔了？！
\n

乾隆：对不起爸爸，可是我真的很怀念八叔。

\n

天啊，魅魔太可怕了，把皇帝逼成这样啊。太可怜了雍正。

\n
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\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783368", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Wed, 20 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "知乎", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "15c2d4366a962017b683f9bda6b4254f", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "世界各国的文字几乎都变成了字母文字，为何唯独中国文字两千年来都保持汉字不变？", + "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

几乎所有的回答都有一个默认的前提：语言早于文字。

\n

这怎么可能不对呢？

\n

难道不是先有说话，才可能有记录说话的需求？

\n

我们总在线性思维中整理着自己的过去：

\n
\"\"
插图引子丹尼尔.L.埃弗雷特的《语言的诞生》
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这个东西叫做“人工搬运物”。
什么意思？就是说这个像人脸的“石头”，并不是人类雕刻出来的人工产物。
而是很可能早到南方古猿时代，类人猿从自然界中间寻找到的自身形象的觉察物。
这个东西的发现对语言学具有颠覆价值的原因是，它很可能解释了表意文字完全不同于表音文字的“演化历程”。
早在现代智人还没有形成之前，“人工搬运物”作为人类对自身的觉察就已经开始以一种“符号提取”的方式出现在自然物的有意识的选择，而不是制造之中。
这一发现，甚至会撼动人类工具演化的诸多理论。
比如，我们完全可以设想，最早期的工具演化就是一种“人工搬运”。
我们把“尖锐”、“锋利”、“结实”等诸多概念从自然物中“搬运”入自己的工具集里。
因此所有的人类创造，首先必须能够提取“意义”，随后才能制造工具。
这就是表意文字的恐怖之处。
它根本不是语言的“记录”，甚至更合理的猜测是，它反而是语言的缔造者。
——易经的科学原理是什么？
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当我们说文字和语言的线性关系的时候，我们其实就已经掉入了题主和大部分答主的前置设定之中。

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那就是文字和语言的进化是严格的语言线性的先行的。

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但我认为语言人类学的很多发现并不支持这种看起来绝对正确的思维。

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就像大卫.格雷伯清晰的证明了，早期人类社会，不存在一个广泛存在的以物易物的交换系统。

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丹尼尔.L.埃弗雷特在《语言的诞生》中，也清晰的证明了文字和认知—意识之间的演化关系。

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也就是说，文字作为一种符号实践，其诞生的演化需求，很可能要远远早于语言。

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我们之所以觉得语言必定早于文字，无非是因为我们把表音文字的语言转化效用，当成了语言的本质，同时也把文字和认知之间的关系，当成了一种绝对教条的——因果关系。

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我们下意识的认为，一定必须先有语言作为一种对认知的“显现”，随后才需要文字对这种显现记录。

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随后我们认为在动物日常中间的，基于发音的“信息交流”就是语言的母体：

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\"\"
摘自布鲁诺.G.巴拉的《认知语用学：交际的心智过程》
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但如果我们仔细审查这个信息和语言关系的图标，你会发现信息的交流结构中不存在语言的效用：

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这是《认知语用学》里的一副插图，将人类的交际行为和动物的交际行为做了一个对比，我们可以看到“信息提取”——也就是分辨事物——并不是人和动物在交际上的主要区别。同样交际——也就是信息交流——原则上也无需语言的参与。前两种能力的唯一区别是意向性，我们可以简略的把它理解成为是否具有目的性，毕竟当一只狮子在草原上溜达，无意中发现了一只羚羊，并不需要有意为之，不管它是否饥饿，羚羊的形象都会自然的通过狮子发现的线索，出现在它的心灵里，而如果这个发现触发了捕猎，羚羊就成了一个目标，狮子必须跟随这个目标不停的调整自己的行为，如果是合作狩猎，它还需要呼叫同伴，让其和自己拥有共同的目标，围绕目标的一系列的目的性行为，就可以被看作是有意向的。
图例上进一步表示，前两种互动虽然有意向性上的区别，但都是非象征性的，只有人类的交际行为，那种运用语言的交流，才能称之为象征性的。
——第十节：象征之眼
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意向性——表达为对象性陈述为象征性，其实就是对意识的描述。

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所以，严格来说创造工具并不会需要意识，只有有目的，有意象的从物中提取工具的符号形象，才能称之为有意识：

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【……伯施和伯施.阿克曼（Boesch and Boesch Achermann，1991）通过对象牙海岸雨林中的野生大猩猩的观察发现，为了让小猩猩学会如何敲碎坚果，猩猩母亲用类似锤子的工具现场展示。事实上，猩猩母亲不仅给小猩猩提供锤子，而且向它演示如何使用锤子、坚果怎么放等细节。……】
这段话摘抄自布鲁诺.G.巴拉的《认知语用学：交际的心智过程》，猩猩母亲掌握了使用工具的能力，考虑到它已经能够从自然物中分离出“锤子”，不得不说大猩猩拥有了某种非常原始的意象。可当它们没有语言的时候，这些意象并不能像概念那样被精确掌握，并用来解释“锤子”的功用。它们传达这些能力的唯一方式就是直观的演示，一遍一遍的，猩猩母亲不停的重复着使用工具的体验，希望孩子在一旁的观察中，能够从它自己的体验里分辨出“锤子”与其他石头的区别（界限），以及作为一个工具的意义。依赖生命体验的实践虽然让大猩猩掌握了某些也许可以称为概念前身的模糊意象，但作为一个没有语言的生灵，它是无法孤立于自己的行为，而将自己的体验传达给其他同类的。
——同上
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而表意文字的整个演化过程，几乎就是人类认知→意识的产生过程。

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也就是说仅仅从语音的信息交流出发，用一种教条的线性进步的逻辑，声称语言中的“意向性陈述”来自于原始的，动物也存在的，语音的信息交流的需求，是极端不合理的。

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这也是为什么即便在香农的信息建模中，我们也照样看不到语义存在的原因：

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\"\"
摘自丹尼尔.L.埃弗雷特的《语言的诞生》
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香农的通信管道隐喻，只能为信息的明确性负责，而根本无法为语义的明确性负责。
毕竟，信息学关心的不是“这句话传达了什么？”，而是“这句话传达了吗？”。
一组编码的可辨别性，和一组编码的“意义”是根本不可能通约的。
主流的认知科学，解决这个问题的方法，是拒绝面对它。
比如乔姆斯基的“UG”，在一种算法逻辑下，关心所谓的“亚人符号”其实说白了，就是想要在自己的语言学理论里，拒绝“语义”这个概念。
本质上，他希望“功能主义”的所谓副现象在这里发挥作用。
也就是说，语言不过是某种类似于“基因编码”的规律性运动，这个规律性运动是一切语言行为的“发动机”；而所谓的语义，不过是这个语言行为的——副现象——也就是发动机的轰鸣声。
在这样的意义上，主流的，遵从于 UG 路径的语言学家们，其实根本不在乎“语义”这么个东西。
这种心态和传统认知心理学根本不在乎“意识”，而只在乎“智能”是一个道理。
在大多数认知学家的视域里，“意识”是一个语义欠明的——缀词。
所以，在主流语言学中，过度的，甚至冗余的对数学的依赖，其实只不过是不停的尝试将语言学转化为一种信息学的趋势罢了。
——被发明的认知：作为文化迁移的语言演化
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这就是为什么我认为表意文字在认知演化上的效用，要远远大于表音文字的原因。

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也就是说，表意符号的实践操作，以百万年为单位，很可能横跨了早期古人种的整个演化历程。

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也因此表意符号演化为表意文字很可能是所有语音最终能够实践为语言的根本前提。

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很好，说清楚了这个问题，我们回到表音文字对表意文字的替代问题上。

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这个问题极度复杂，我只说一个最粗糙的线条。

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在人类神话时代的晚期，部族的迁徙问题，开始表现成为一种“入侵”问题。

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入侵这个概念，不存在与文化体系形成之前。

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没有文化体系，实际上就不会产生迁徙的时间—历史性觉察。

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也就是不会出现祖先、图腾、仪式的传承问题。

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没有这些传承问题，就算是长期定居，也不会形成对地域的文化固着。

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不会形成疆界、领土这样的概念。

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狩猎采集文化可以将法杖伫立的地方比作“世界的中心”。

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也就是说世界是可以被部落从一个地区带到另一个地区，不存在一种时间和空间交汇的，历史的起点。

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部落之间发生冲突，就算是以百年为单位的定居生活被破坏，只要这种定居的文化体系还没有固着在时空中（历史性的前身），那么占领者和迁徙者之间就不存在任何“被侵略”和“侵略”的问题。

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土地和果实没有本质区别。

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但随着表意符号体系的越来越成熟，它不仅要求语音能够传达意向性，这种认知最基底的效用。

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它开始对语言再次产生了符号提起的需求。

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这就是所谓的语义——意义的认知演化，文化在这种演化中产生了。

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语义是构筑一切世界时空（也就是对象化—客观性）认知的基底。

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这种认知带来了“存在性”问题。

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文化为其居住的时空提供了意义，并将这些时空存在化。

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这是一切农耕能够发展为农业文明的根本前提。

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文化人类学发现了广泛存在于早期人类那里的农业停滞问题。

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也就是人类非常早期就已经掌握了发展农业所需要的大量植物培育技术。

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但世界的存在性——意义性追求没有产生之前，对一个地区的深度开发的意愿性是不存在的。

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所以，仅仅依靠地理决定论是不能解释早期人类那里广泛存在的农业停滞问题的。

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只有一种文化体系——祖先 / 神灵崇拜的时空性—历史性回溯，才可能造成对一个地域和一种文化的永恒性绑定问题。

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人类最早的一批定居文化就是这样形成的。

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但紧接着，以原始印欧人横跨欧亚大陆的大迁徙为代表，人类历史上最早的入侵出现了：

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当这些原始印欧人到达他们的新家园时，他们遇到了当地的族群，后者相对要和平一些，不那么尚武好战，从事农耕生产，富于艺术创造力，在社会结构上或许是平等主义的，而且崇拜女神。本土民族拥有发达的审美意识，他们建造二层楼房和美丽的神庙——我们已为这些建筑做了陶土模型。他们还生产优美的彩绘陶器。他们或被库尔干人同化，或被消灭，因为库尔干人驯化了马，又具有军事才能，这都使他们占尽优势。原始印欧人还把他们的语言和宗教强加给本土族群，尽管在因此而形成的“印欧”语言与文化中，本土语言与宗教的一些残迹一直在其底层存在着。这样看来所谓“印欧”，便是库尔干人和古欧洲人相融合的一个结果。
——马丽加.金芭塔丝《活着的女神》
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这个入侵过程，在印度就表现成为一种为了彻底隔离古文明的种姓制度的形成史：

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这就是为什么西方的传统文化，也就是常青藤哲学，动不动就要把自己的神秘学谱系，往印度歪，因为实在无法在欧洲去溯源这个传统。
但我一直说，印度断代的问题，比起欧洲，更是一笔烂账。
印度教实际上是雅利安人入侵之后，为了断绝哈拉帕文明的传统而出现的。
而这个断绝的“畸形决策”，直接造成了传统精神的重大创伤。
不要忘了一切传统文化的根，就在对人类传承的根本维护上。
可全世界任何一个地区，也没有印度的种姓制度神学化后的宗教——印度教——更畸形的斩断传承的。
尽管有物质文明的灭绝，甚至可能蔓延到文化精神的遮蔽，但不管如何，没有哪个地区会为了隔绝过去，而发明出一种隔绝的宗教体系。
——周易和塔罗的区别是什么？
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尽管其他地区没有印度这么“决绝”，但广泛的入侵形态的融合，带来的替代问题很可能才是表音文字诞生的一大动力。

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不同的文化产生了剧烈的碰撞，表意实践还没有深入到语义—存在—意义阶段的体系，面临着一个如何吸收“异族语义”的过程。

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这个异族性觉察，还是其占领，侵袭文化提供的。

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也就是民族性是被征服民族提供的奇特结构，带来了一种极端的，需要真理化征服者的需求。

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这是最早的基于外部征服—真理性—客观性对神话性宗教，进行神学性改造的起点。

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绝对的善恶观，将道德律法化，唯一的真理→神的统治——这一切都是征服者通过被征服者的文化，产生的一种荒谬的，怎么说呢……“文明觉醒”？

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表音文字的大发展亦是这种征服—侵略性文明觉醒的一部分。

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注意，我这里不是说表音文字代表着一种侵略性，我是说没有文化体系之间的侵略—征服性的剧烈变动，不同文化的文字交流，不可能如此激烈、急切的表达成为一种语音的符号转译，而不是认知的符号实践。

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实际上古埃及的象形文字的在异族入侵压力下的大变迁，就体现了这一点：

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埃及人和赫梯人的区别该如何建立？如果说在埃及鼎盛时期这一问题可以被忽略，那么当异族已经入主帝国，成为了埃及主人的时候，文化就开始了其“内化”的过程。
这一过程已经无法从当下的危机中寻求力量，反省过去成为了一个契机。
每一个文明、文化、或者民族个体，当它们觉察到自身的存在（这种觉察最容易被文明的存亡危机所激活）的时候，为自己寻求与他者边界的意图就开始变得紧迫了起来。
一个文化工具必须为其存在提供一个过去的源头，这个源头不能再是理所当然的关于当下的自然延展。变化带来的冲击必须的得到解释，觉察正在从流动的体验中渴望寻找到永恒的线索。这就是历史的最初冲动吗？
埃及人选择了神庙作为过去的源头。毕竟在埃及的神话中神庙建立在原初世界那混沌中最初的土堆之上。那是神圣的，那是创世的最高起源。
于是神庙在埃及文化后起的异族危机中开始层层包裹，与外界隔离的欲望在建筑结构的封闭中不停的体现了出来。神庙里的象形文字从 700 个激增到 7000 个，这个时候独立的文字已经无法承担精确性的历史追求，如果说当下为歧义提供了最丰满的语境，那么死去的历史重建则远离了这种丰满，它渴望更为精确的区别，历史追求的是一种无可置疑的，刻板而繁杂的奠基。
这是文明的边界、民族的壁垒。
——死后的历史：大传统构建的文本过去
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一种象形—表意文字的衰落，往往是一个文明即将被彻底替代的标志。

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后来者并不愿意完全传承过去的历史，而是从它的尸体中寻找重新搭建征服者文化的技术。

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从这一次大入侵→大征服之后，表意文字所代表的，那个人类早期，创造了一切认知基底的神话时代，在世界大部分地区就结束了。

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表意文字所代表的那种基于体验—觉察为基底的，认知形态也开始被抛弃。

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但在东亚区域的华夏文明圈却保留了这种认知形态。

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这就是为什么在很多迷恋客观性—对象化思维的现代人来说，中国传统文化总会被谩骂成为一种活该在近代落后的，没有科学—理性精神的落后文明的原因。

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但这种思维的可悲，就像表音和表意文字的线性—替代—进步思维一样，就像把科学和技术实践做出强绑定，货币和以物易物做出强绑定，信息和文字做出强绑定一样，它纯粹就是一种客观性思维的产物，而从来不可能提供一种有效的对何为客观性思维的审查：

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一切所谓工具理性，实验精神都不是一种“系统”，更不是什么拥有本质的精神，它从头到尾就是一种——民俗。
一切基于“工程操作”理念的认知集合（比如工具、实验……），都不过是一种技术手册，这个技术手册中的一切经验规律，都根本不需要进行——哲学化的确定性总结，也就是所谓的——科学。
也就是说，你以为科学的巨大价值，无非是一个鸠占鹊巢的游戏，而这个游戏的始作俑者，就是哲学的现代化构造——科学精神：
【以下是我们准备支持的哲学观点：科学精神必须在反自然、反我们身上和身外的本性冲动和号令中，反自然的驱使、反色彩斑斓和多样的事实中形成。
——巴什拉《科学精神的形成》】
巴什拉在他的这本著作中，最准确但同时在我看来也是最可笑的展示了这种科学精神最实质的内涵——科学的政治性规约。
科学的一切操作根本没有任何创造性可言，在大部分技术环节，“科学”这个概念是毫无价值，也是毫无意义的，它唯一的作用，就是在一切“多样性”、“自然而然”、“色彩斑斓”、“事实”的实践—实验之后，来按照一种既定的标准对这一切实践做出“价值裁决”。
这个价值裁决，才是“科学”这个概念能够在现代社会发挥效用的——唯一目的。
——如今的哲学变成什么样了？
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这就是信息→语音→语言→文字，在科学陈述中的，一切所谓合理性的来源。

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好了，当我们弄清楚了在认知诞生的初期，表意文字的演化所扮演的角色，我们就会明白为什么表音文字，在这种视域下，根本没有跟表意文字进行对比的空间。

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同时，如果我们也熟悉了表音文字自身大发展，是如何与神话时代晚期的，人类最早的一次入侵所带来的征服文化的大崛起的历史息息相关的，那么“客观性—对象化—神学化”思维为什么在表音文字中如此核心，就实在不那么奇怪了。

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那么，当我们掌握了这些“区别”，我们回到中国的表意文字，回想一下近代拉丁化思潮对它的口诛笔伐，是不是就有了一些理解其历史原因的线索？

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所以，为什么唯独中国的文字几经变迁，备受摧残，却最终仍然没有丢弃自己的“表意”？

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这个文字和它那遥远过去的“根”到底是什么关系？

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对这一切的摸索就要靠我们自己各自的志趣了。

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毕竟，这个时代，我们自身文化的研究，恐怕大部分的主流，也在科学的名义下，实在表音化了……。

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查看知乎讨论
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\"头图\"/
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几乎所有的回答都有一个默认的前提：语言早于文字。

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这怎么可能不对呢？

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难道不是先有说话，才可能有记录说话的需求？

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我们总在线性思维中整理着自己的过去：

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\"\"
插图引子丹尼尔.L.埃弗雷特的《语言的诞生》
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这个东西叫做“人工搬运物”。
什么意思？就是说这个像人脸的“石头”，并不是人类雕刻出来的人工产物。
而是很可能早到南方古猿时代，类人猿从自然界中间寻找到的自身形象的觉察物。
这个东西的发现对语言学具有颠覆价值的原因是，它很可能解释了表意文字完全不同于表音文字的“演化历程”。
早在现代智人还没有形成之前，“人工搬运物”作为人类对自身的觉察就已经开始以一种“符号提取”的方式出现在自然物的有意识的选择，而不是制造之中。
这一发现，甚至会撼动人类工具演化的诸多理论。
比如，我们完全可以设想，最早期的工具演化就是一种“人工搬运”。
我们把“尖锐”、“锋利”、“结实”等诸多概念从自然物中“搬运”入自己的工具集里。
因此所有的人类创造，首先必须能够提取“意义”，随后才能制造工具。
这就是表意文字的恐怖之处。
它根本不是语言的“记录”，甚至更合理的猜测是，它反而是语言的缔造者。
——易经的科学原理是什么？
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当我们说文字和语言的线性关系的时候，我们其实就已经掉入了题主和大部分答主的前置设定之中。

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那就是文字和语言的进化是严格的语言线性的先行的。

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但我认为语言人类学的很多发现并不支持这种看起来绝对正确的思维。

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就像大卫.格雷伯清晰的证明了，早期人类社会，不存在一个广泛存在的以物易物的交换系统。

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丹尼尔.L.埃弗雷特在《语言的诞生》中，也清晰的证明了文字和认知—意识之间的演化关系。

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也就是说，文字作为一种符号实践，其诞生的演化需求，很可能要远远早于语言。

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我们之所以觉得语言必定早于文字，无非是因为我们把表音文字的语言转化效用，当成了语言的本质，同时也把文字和认知之间的关系，当成了一种绝对教条的——因果关系。

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我们下意识的认为，一定必须先有语言作为一种对认知的“显现”，随后才需要文字对这种显现记录。

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随后我们认为在动物日常中间的，基于发音的“信息交流”就是语言的母体：

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摘自布鲁诺.G.巴拉的《认知语用学：交际的心智过程》
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但如果我们仔细审查这个信息和语言关系的图标，你会发现信息的交流结构中不存在语言的效用：

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这是《认知语用学》里的一副插图，将人类的交际行为和动物的交际行为做了一个对比，我们可以看到“信息提取”——也就是分辨事物——并不是人和动物在交际上的主要区别。同样交际——也就是信息交流——原则上也无需语言的参与。前两种能力的唯一区别是意向性，我们可以简略的把它理解成为是否具有目的性，毕竟当一只狮子在草原上溜达，无意中发现了一只羚羊，并不需要有意为之，不管它是否饥饿，羚羊的形象都会自然的通过狮子发现的线索，出现在它的心灵里，而如果这个发现触发了捕猎，羚羊就成了一个目标，狮子必须跟随这个目标不停的调整自己的行为，如果是合作狩猎，它还需要呼叫同伴，让其和自己拥有共同的目标，围绕目标的一系列的目的性行为，就可以被看作是有意向的。
图例上进一步表示，前两种互动虽然有意向性上的区别，但都是非象征性的，只有人类的交际行为，那种运用语言的交流，才能称之为象征性的。
——第十节：象征之眼
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意向性——表达为对象性陈述为象征性，其实就是对意识的描述。

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所以，严格来说创造工具并不会需要意识，只有有目的，有意象的从物中提取工具的符号形象，才能称之为有意识：

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【……伯施和伯施.阿克曼（Boesch and Boesch Achermann，1991）通过对象牙海岸雨林中的野生大猩猩的观察发现，为了让小猩猩学会如何敲碎坚果，猩猩母亲用类似锤子的工具现场展示。事实上，猩猩母亲不仅给小猩猩提供锤子，而且向它演示如何使用锤子、坚果怎么放等细节。……】
这段话摘抄自布鲁诺.G.巴拉的《认知语用学：交际的心智过程》，猩猩母亲掌握了使用工具的能力，考虑到它已经能够从自然物中分离出“锤子”，不得不说大猩猩拥有了某种非常原始的意象。可当它们没有语言的时候，这些意象并不能像概念那样被精确掌握，并用来解释“锤子”的功用。它们传达这些能力的唯一方式就是直观的演示，一遍一遍的，猩猩母亲不停的重复着使用工具的体验，希望孩子在一旁的观察中，能够从它自己的体验里分辨出“锤子”与其他石头的区别（界限），以及作为一个工具的意义。依赖生命体验的实践虽然让大猩猩掌握了某些也许可以称为概念前身的模糊意象，但作为一个没有语言的生灵，它是无法孤立于自己的行为，而将自己的体验传达给其他同类的。
——同上
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而表意文字的整个演化过程，几乎就是人类认知→意识的产生过程。

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也就是说仅仅从语音的信息交流出发，用一种教条的线性进步的逻辑，声称语言中的“意向性陈述”来自于原始的，动物也存在的，语音的信息交流的需求，是极端不合理的。

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这也是为什么即便在香农的信息建模中，我们也照样看不到语义存在的原因：

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\"\"
摘自丹尼尔.L.埃弗雷特的《语言的诞生》
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香农的通信管道隐喻，只能为信息的明确性负责，而根本无法为语义的明确性负责。
毕竟，信息学关心的不是“这句话传达了什么？”，而是“这句话传达了吗？”。
一组编码的可辨别性，和一组编码的“意义”是根本不可能通约的。
主流的认知科学，解决这个问题的方法，是拒绝面对它。
比如乔姆斯基的“UG”，在一种算法逻辑下，关心所谓的“亚人符号”其实说白了，就是想要在自己的语言学理论里，拒绝“语义”这个概念。
本质上，他希望“功能主义”的所谓副现象在这里发挥作用。
也就是说，语言不过是某种类似于“基因编码”的规律性运动，这个规律性运动是一切语言行为的“发动机”；而所谓的语义，不过是这个语言行为的——副现象——也就是发动机的轰鸣声。
在这样的意义上，主流的，遵从于 UG 路径的语言学家们，其实根本不在乎“语义”这么个东西。
这种心态和传统认知心理学根本不在乎“意识”，而只在乎“智能”是一个道理。
在大多数认知学家的视域里，“意识”是一个语义欠明的——缀词。
所以，在主流语言学中，过度的，甚至冗余的对数学的依赖，其实只不过是不停的尝试将语言学转化为一种信息学的趋势罢了。
——被发明的认知：作为文化迁移的语言演化
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这就是为什么我认为表意文字在认知演化上的效用，要远远大于表音文字的原因。

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也就是说，表意符号的实践操作，以百万年为单位，很可能横跨了早期古人种的整个演化历程。

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也因此表意符号演化为表意文字很可能是所有语音最终能够实践为语言的根本前提。

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很好，说清楚了这个问题，我们回到表音文字对表意文字的替代问题上。

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这个问题极度复杂，我只说一个最粗糙的线条。

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在人类神话时代的晚期，部族的迁徙问题，开始表现成为一种“入侵”问题。

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入侵这个概念，不存在与文化体系形成之前。

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没有文化体系，实际上就不会产生迁徙的时间—历史性觉察。

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也就是不会出现祖先、图腾、仪式的传承问题。

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没有这些传承问题，就算是长期定居，也不会形成对地域的文化固着。

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不会形成疆界、领土这样的概念。

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狩猎采集文化可以将法杖伫立的地方比作“世界的中心”。

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也就是说世界是可以被部落从一个地区带到另一个地区，不存在一种时间和空间交汇的，历史的起点。

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部落之间发生冲突，就算是以百年为单位的定居生活被破坏，只要这种定居的文化体系还没有固着在时空中（历史性的前身），那么占领者和迁徙者之间就不存在任何“被侵略”和“侵略”的问题。

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土地和果实没有本质区别。

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但随着表意符号体系的越来越成熟，它不仅要求语音能够传达意向性，这种认知最基底的效用。

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它开始对语言再次产生了符号提起的需求。

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这就是所谓的语义——意义的认知演化，文化在这种演化中产生了。

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语义是构筑一切世界时空（也就是对象化—客观性）认知的基底。

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这种认知带来了“存在性”问题。

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文化为其居住的时空提供了意义，并将这些时空存在化。

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这是一切农耕能够发展为农业文明的根本前提。

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文化人类学发现了广泛存在于早期人类那里的农业停滞问题。

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也就是人类非常早期就已经掌握了发展农业所需要的大量植物培育技术。

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但世界的存在性——意义性追求没有产生之前，对一个地区的深度开发的意愿性是不存在的。

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所以，仅仅依靠地理决定论是不能解释早期人类那里广泛存在的农业停滞问题的。

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只有一种文化体系——祖先 / 神灵崇拜的时空性—历史性回溯，才可能造成对一个地域和一种文化的永恒性绑定问题。

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人类最早的一批定居文化就是这样形成的。

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但紧接着，以原始印欧人横跨欧亚大陆的大迁徙为代表，人类历史上最早的入侵出现了：

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当这些原始印欧人到达他们的新家园时，他们遇到了当地的族群，后者相对要和平一些，不那么尚武好战，从事农耕生产，富于艺术创造力，在社会结构上或许是平等主义的，而且崇拜女神。本土民族拥有发达的审美意识，他们建造二层楼房和美丽的神庙——我们已为这些建筑做了陶土模型。他们还生产优美的彩绘陶器。他们或被库尔干人同化，或被消灭，因为库尔干人驯化了马，又具有军事才能，这都使他们占尽优势。原始印欧人还把他们的语言和宗教强加给本土族群，尽管在因此而形成的“印欧”语言与文化中，本土语言与宗教的一些残迹一直在其底层存在着。这样看来所谓“印欧”，便是库尔干人和古欧洲人相融合的一个结果。
——马丽加.金芭塔丝《活着的女神》
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这个入侵过程，在印度就表现成为一种为了彻底隔离古文明的种姓制度的形成史：

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这就是为什么西方的传统文化，也就是常青藤哲学，动不动就要把自己的神秘学谱系，往印度歪，因为实在无法在欧洲去溯源这个传统。
但我一直说，印度断代的问题，比起欧洲，更是一笔烂账。
印度教实际上是雅利安人入侵之后，为了断绝哈拉帕文明的传统而出现的。
而这个断绝的“畸形决策”，直接造成了传统精神的重大创伤。
不要忘了一切传统文化的根，就在对人类传承的根本维护上。
可全世界任何一个地区，也没有印度的种姓制度神学化后的宗教——印度教——更畸形的斩断传承的。
尽管有物质文明的灭绝，甚至可能蔓延到文化精神的遮蔽，但不管如何，没有哪个地区会为了隔绝过去，而发明出一种隔绝的宗教体系。
——周易和塔罗的区别是什么？
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尽管其他地区没有印度这么“决绝”，但广泛的入侵形态的融合，带来的替代问题很可能才是表音文字诞生的一大动力。

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不同的文化产生了剧烈的碰撞，表意实践还没有深入到语义—存在—意义阶段的体系，面临着一个如何吸收“异族语义”的过程。

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这个异族性觉察，还是其占领，侵袭文化提供的。

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也就是民族性是被征服民族提供的奇特结构，带来了一种极端的，需要真理化征服者的需求。

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这是最早的基于外部征服—真理性—客观性对神话性宗教，进行神学性改造的起点。

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绝对的善恶观，将道德律法化，唯一的真理→神的统治——这一切都是征服者通过被征服者的文化，产生的一种荒谬的，怎么说呢……“文明觉醒”？

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表音文字的大发展亦是这种征服—侵略性文明觉醒的一部分。

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注意，我这里不是说表音文字代表着一种侵略性，我是说没有文化体系之间的侵略—征服性的剧烈变动，不同文化的文字交流，不可能如此激烈、急切的表达成为一种语音的符号转译，而不是认知的符号实践。

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实际上古埃及的象形文字的在异族入侵压力下的大变迁，就体现了这一点：

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埃及人和赫梯人的区别该如何建立？如果说在埃及鼎盛时期这一问题可以被忽略，那么当异族已经入主帝国，成为了埃及主人的时候，文化就开始了其“内化”的过程。
这一过程已经无法从当下的危机中寻求力量，反省过去成为了一个契机。
每一个文明、文化、或者民族个体，当它们觉察到自身的存在（这种觉察最容易被文明的存亡危机所激活）的时候，为自己寻求与他者边界的意图就开始变得紧迫了起来。
一个文化工具必须为其存在提供一个过去的源头，这个源头不能再是理所当然的关于当下的自然延展。变化带来的冲击必须的得到解释，觉察正在从流动的体验中渴望寻找到永恒的线索。这就是历史的最初冲动吗？
埃及人选择了神庙作为过去的源头。毕竟在埃及的神话中神庙建立在原初世界那混沌中最初的土堆之上。那是神圣的，那是创世的最高起源。
于是神庙在埃及文化后起的异族危机中开始层层包裹，与外界隔离的欲望在建筑结构的封闭中不停的体现了出来。神庙里的象形文字从 700 个激增到 7000 个，这个时候独立的文字已经无法承担精确性的历史追求，如果说当下为歧义提供了最丰满的语境，那么死去的历史重建则远离了这种丰满，它渴望更为精确的区别，历史追求的是一种无可置疑的，刻板而繁杂的奠基。
这是文明的边界、民族的壁垒。
——死后的历史：大传统构建的文本过去
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一种象形—表意文字的衰落，往往是一个文明即将被彻底替代的标志。

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后来者并不愿意完全传承过去的历史，而是从它的尸体中寻找重新搭建征服者文化的技术。

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从这一次大入侵→大征服之后，表意文字所代表的，那个人类早期，创造了一切认知基底的神话时代，在世界大部分地区就结束了。

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表意文字所代表的那种基于体验—觉察为基底的，认知形态也开始被抛弃。

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但在东亚区域的华夏文明圈却保留了这种认知形态。

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这就是为什么在很多迷恋客观性—对象化思维的现代人来说，中国传统文化总会被谩骂成为一种活该在近代落后的，没有科学—理性精神的落后文明的原因。

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但这种思维的可悲，就像表音和表意文字的线性—替代—进步思维一样，就像把科学和技术实践做出强绑定，货币和以物易物做出强绑定，信息和文字做出强绑定一样，它纯粹就是一种客观性思维的产物，而从来不可能提供一种有效的对何为客观性思维的审查：

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一切所谓工具理性，实验精神都不是一种“系统”，更不是什么拥有本质的精神，它从头到尾就是一种——民俗。
一切基于“工程操作”理念的认知集合（比如工具、实验……），都不过是一种技术手册，这个技术手册中的一切经验规律，都根本不需要进行——哲学化的确定性总结，也就是所谓的——科学。
也就是说，你以为科学的巨大价值，无非是一个鸠占鹊巢的游戏，而这个游戏的始作俑者，就是哲学的现代化构造——科学精神：
【以下是我们准备支持的哲学观点：科学精神必须在反自然、反我们身上和身外的本性冲动和号令中，反自然的驱使、反色彩斑斓和多样的事实中形成。
——巴什拉《科学精神的形成》】
巴什拉在他的这本著作中，最准确但同时在我看来也是最可笑的展示了这种科学精神最实质的内涵——科学的政治性规约。
科学的一切操作根本没有任何创造性可言，在大部分技术环节，“科学”这个概念是毫无价值，也是毫无意义的，它唯一的作用，就是在一切“多样性”、“自然而然”、“色彩斑斓”、“事实”的实践—实验之后，来按照一种既定的标准对这一切实践做出“价值裁决”。
这个价值裁决，才是“科学”这个概念能够在现代社会发挥效用的——唯一目的。
——如今的哲学变成什么样了？
\n

这就是信息→语音→语言→文字，在科学陈述中的，一切所谓合理性的来源。

\n
\n

好了，当我们弄清楚了在认知诞生的初期，表意文字的演化所扮演的角色，我们就会明白为什么表音文字，在这种视域下，根本没有跟表意文字进行对比的空间。

\n

同时，如果我们也熟悉了表音文字自身大发展，是如何与神话时代晚期的，人类最早的一次入侵所带来的征服文化的大崛起的历史息息相关的，那么“客观性—对象化—神学化”思维为什么在表音文字中如此核心，就实在不那么奇怪了。

\n

那么，当我们掌握了这些“区别”，我们回到中国的表意文字，回想一下近代拉丁化思潮对它的口诛笔伐，是不是就有了一些理解其历史原因的线索？

\n

所以，为什么唯独中国的文字几经变迁，备受摧残，却最终仍然没有丢弃自己的“表意”？

\n

这个文字和它那遥远过去的“根”到底是什么关系？

\n

对这一切的摸索就要靠我们自己各自的志趣了。

\n

毕竟，这个时代，我们自身文化的研究，恐怕大部分的主流，也在科学的名义下，实在表音化了……。

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783360", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Wed, 20 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "知乎", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "7d68fe4f8bbcde2f80076e4f53d8ebe6", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "China urges U.S. to abandon excessive use of national security concept", "description": "

BEIJING, June 5 (Xinhua) -- China has urged the United States to abandon its generalized and excessive use of the national security concept, and to collaborate with all parties in maintaining a rules-based multilateral trading system, the Ministry of Commerce said on Thursday.

At a regular press conference, He Yongqian, spokesperson for the ministry, made the remarks when asked to comment on the U.S. decision to raise tariffs on imported steel, aluminium and their derivative products from 25 percent to 50 percent.

He said that such U.S. moves not only harm others and itself, but also will severely disrupt the stability of global industrial and supply chains.

The United States should abandon the zero-sum mentality, address respective concerns through equal dialogue, and jointly maintain the stability of global industrial and supply chains, He said.

Source: Xinhua

", @@ -3258,1763 +3126,25 @@ "description": "知乎日报全文RSS。获取更多全文RSS：https://feedx.net", "items": [ { - "title": "001FRONT - Xi to chair SCO summit in Tianjin", - "description": "

President Xi Jinping will get together with leaders of more than 20 countries and 10 international organizations at the upcoming Shanghai Cooperation Organization Summit to work out a development blueprint for the international organization, consolidate consensus on cooperation and promote a much closer SCO community with a shared future, a senior diplomat said.

\n

Speaking at a news briefing in Beijing on Friday, Assistant Foreign Minister Liu Bin said the summit, which will take place in Tianjin from Aug 31 to Sept 1, will be the largest-ever gathering since the organization was founded 24 years ago.

\n

Xi will chair the 25th Meeting of the Council of Heads of State of the SCO and the "SCO Plus" Meeting and deliver keynote speeches, he said, adding that Xi will also host a welcome banquet and bilateral events for participating leaders.

\n

The diplomat said that during the summit, Xi will outline China's new thoughts and proposals on how the regional organization continues to promote the Shanghai Spirit, featuring mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, consultation, respect for diversity of civilizations and pursuit of common development, to respond to the call of the times.

\n

Xi will announce new measures and actions to support the high-quality development and all-around cooperation of the SCO, and propose new approaches and pathways for building the organization, maintaining the post-World War II international order and improving the global governance system, Liu said.

\n

Xi, along with other leaders of SCO member states, will jointly sign and issue the Tianjin Declaration, approve the SCO's development strategy for the next decade and issue a statement on the 80th anniversary of the victory in the World Anti-Fascist War and the founding of the United Nations, Liu said.

\n

They will also adopt a series of outcome documents on strengthening security, economic and cultural cooperation, charting the course for the future development of the SCO, he added.

\n

The SCO Tianjin Summit comes against the backdrop of a complex and volatile international landscape with regional conflicts intensifying, economic uncertainties growing and livelihood issues in some countries becoming more pronounced.

\n

Liu said the more complex and turbulent the international situation becomes, the more important it becomes for countries to strengthen unity and cooperation to promote common development.

\n

China hopes to take the SCO Tianjin Summit as an opportunity to work with other SCO member states to build up political consensus, boost the momentum for cooperation, send out united voices and take joint actions, in order to leverage the stability and resilience of the SCO to address the uncertainties of the international environment, Liu said.

\n

Since its founding in 2001, the SCO has been steadily improving its cooperation mechanisms and expanding its global reach. The number of SCO member states has grown from the original six to 10, now representing nearly half of the global population and about a quarter of the world's GDP. Additionally, the SCO has two observer states and 14 dialogue partners.

\n

Chen Yu, deputy director of the Institute of Eurasian Studies at the China Institutes of Contemporary International Relations, said the SCO Tianjin Summit could have more positive bearings on the international situation, helping to promote the development of a multipolar world and enhance the influence of developing countries.

\n

The Shanghai Spirit, transcending the Cold War mentality, can help address deficits in global governance, Chen said.

\n

Xue Tianhang, an associate researcher at Zhejiang University's Institute for National Strategy and Regional Development, said that facing the complex and volatile international landscape, the SCO should maintain strategic clarity, strengthen confidence, act decisively and deliver greater results.

\n

SCO member states should join hands to overcome difficulties together, injecting more stability and positive dynamism into the world, Xue said.

\n

caodesheng@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "content": "

President Xi Jinping will get together with leaders of more than 20 countries and 10 international organizations at the upcoming Shanghai Cooperation Organization Summit to work out a development blueprint for the international organization, consolidate consensus on cooperation and promote a much closer SCO community with a shared future, a senior diplomat said.

\n

Speaking at a news briefing in Beijing on Friday, Assistant Foreign Minister Liu Bin said the summit, which will take place in Tianjin from Aug 31 to Sept 1, will be the largest-ever gathering since the organization was founded 24 years ago.

\n

Xi will chair the 25th Meeting of the Council of Heads of State of the SCO and the "SCO Plus" Meeting and deliver keynote speeches, he said, adding that Xi will also host a welcome banquet and bilateral events for participating leaders.

\n

The diplomat said that during the summit, Xi will outline China's new thoughts and proposals on how the regional organization continues to promote the Shanghai Spirit, featuring mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, consultation, respect for diversity of civilizations and pursuit of common development, to respond to the call of the times.

\n

Xi will announce new measures and actions to support the high-quality development and all-around cooperation of the SCO, and propose new approaches and pathways for building the organization, maintaining the post-World War II international order and improving the global governance system, Liu said.

\n

Xi, along with other leaders of SCO member states, will jointly sign and issue the Tianjin Declaration, approve the SCO's development strategy for the next decade and issue a statement on the 80th anniversary of the victory in the World Anti-Fascist War and the founding of the United Nations, Liu said.

\n

They will also adopt a series of outcome documents on strengthening security, economic and cultural cooperation, charting the course for the future development of the SCO, he added.

\n

The SCO Tianjin Summit comes against the backdrop of a complex and volatile international landscape with regional conflicts intensifying, economic uncertainties growing and livelihood issues in some countries becoming more pronounced.

\n

Liu said the more complex and turbulent the international situation becomes, the more important it becomes for countries to strengthen unity and cooperation to promote common development.

\n

China hopes to take the SCO Tianjin Summit as an opportunity to work with other SCO member states to build up political consensus, boost the momentum for cooperation, send out united voices and take joint actions, in order to leverage the stability and resilience of the SCO to address the uncertainties of the international environment, Liu said.

\n

Since its founding in 2001, the SCO has been steadily improving its cooperation mechanisms and expanding its global reach. The number of SCO member states has grown from the original six to 10, now representing nearly half of the global population and about a quarter of the world's GDP. Additionally, the SCO has two observer states and 14 dialogue partners.

\n

Chen Yu, deputy director of the Institute of Eurasian Studies at the China Institutes of Contemporary International Relations, said the SCO Tianjin Summit could have more positive bearings on the international situation, helping to promote the development of a multipolar world and enhance the influence of developing countries.

\n

The Shanghai Spirit, transcending the Cold War mentality, can help address deficits in global governance, Chen said.

\n

Xue Tianhang, an associate researcher at Zhejiang University's Institute for National Strategy and Regional Development, said that facing the complex and volatile international landscape, the SCO should maintain strategic clarity, strengthen confidence, act decisively and deliver greater results.

\n

SCO member states should join hands to overcome difficulties together, injecting more stability and positive dynamism into the world, Xue said.

\n

caodesheng@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "title": "China urges U.S. to abandon excessive use of national security concept", + "description": "

BEIJING, June 5 (Xinhua) -- China has urged the United States to abandon its generalized and excessive use of the national security concept, and to collaborate with all parties in maintaining a rules-based multilateral trading system, the Ministry of Commerce said on Thursday.

At a regular press conference, He Yongqian, spokesperson for the ministry, made the remarks when asked to comment on the U.S. decision to raise tariffs on imported steel, aluminium and their derivative products from 25 percent to 50 percent.

He said that such U.S. moves not only harm others and itself, but also will severely disrupt the stability of global industrial and supply chains.

The United States should abandon the zero-sum mentality, address respective concerns through equal dialogue, and jointly maintain the stability of global industrial and supply chains, He said.

Source: Xinhua

", + "content": "

BEIJING, June 5 (Xinhua) -- China has urged the United States to abandon its generalized and excessive use of the national security concept, and to collaborate with all parties in maintaining a rules-based multilateral trading system, the Ministry of Commerce said on Thursday.

At a regular press conference, He Yongqian, spokesperson for the ministry, made the remarks when asked to comment on the U.S. decision to raise tariffs on imported steel, aluminium and their derivative products from 25 percent to 50 percent.

He said that such U.S. moves not only harm others and itself, but also will severely disrupt the stability of global industrial and supply chains.

The United States should abandon the zero-sum mentality, address respective concerns through equal dialogue, and jointly maintain the stability of global industrial and supply chains, He said.

Source: Xinhua

", "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_001_68a8e293ed50ccabe15180b2.htm#001FRONT", + "link": "http://english.people.com.cn/n3/2025/0605/c90000-20323960.html", "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "pubDate": "Thu, 05 Jun 2025 16:52:32 +0800", "enclosure": "", "enclosureType": "", "image": "", "id": "", "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "人民网英语", "read": false, "favorite": false, "created": false, "tags": [], - "hash": "25616d8b2a6dff4bf4e67d0bb7a868b2", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "001FRONT - Happy birthday", - "description": "

Female giant panda twins Meng Hao and Meng Tian, whose German names are Leni and Lotti, play in their enclosure at Berlin Zoo in Germany on Friday, celebrating their first birthday.

\n

", - "content": "

Female giant panda twins Meng Hao and Meng Tian, whose German names are Leni and Lotti, play in their enclosure at Berlin Zoo in Germany on Friday, celebrating their first birthday.

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_001_68a8e298ed50ccabe15180b3.htm#001FRONT", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "a00d6fa7358b20e951592cb5ecee19c8", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "001FRONT - V-Day military parade proves to be dream come true", - "description": "

\n

Troops march during a training session in Beijing on Aug 12 as they make preparations ahead of the Victory Day military parade on Sept 3. The parade is part of a grand gathering marking the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931-45) and the World Anti-Fascist War.

\n

Militiawomen are trained for the upcoming military parade commemorating the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931-45) and the World Anti-Fascist War in Beijing, on Aug 12.

\n

Soldiers line up neatly during training for the upcoming military parade.

\n

Members of the joint military band of the People's Liberation Army practice for the military parade in Beijing, on Aug 12.

\n

Participants exchange ideas during their time off from training.

\n

Members of the joint military band practice for the commemoration event on Sept 3.

\n\n

Yao Jiuwei, a marine of the People's Liberation Army Navy, recalled that the first time he considered joining the military was on Sept 3, 2015.

\n

"I was running on a treadmill at my university — Harbin Sport University in Heilongjiang province — and was watching a live broadcast of the grand parade in Beijing that marked the 70th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. It impressed me deeply and made me truly want to become a soldier. So, after my graduation in 2017, I chose to enlist and was sent to the PLA Navy's Marine Corps.

\n

"In 2019, at our camp, I watched on TV the Oct 1 parade celebrating the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, and I felt envious of those taking part in the National Day parade, wondering when I could participate in a parade someday. Now, I am here, training for the coming parade. It feels like my dream is coming true," he told China Daily in a recent interview at a military compound on the northwestern outskirts of Beijing.

\n

Yao, now an officer of the PLA Navy's Marine Corps, was selected several months ago as one of two members from his company to participate in the parade on Sept 3, which marks the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931-45) and the World Anti-Fascist War. The event will be the country's 19th military parade since the People's Republic of China was founded in 1949 and the second V-Day parade.

\n

During the parade on Sept 3, troops — selected members of the PLA and the People's Armed Police Force, as well as China's militia and reserve service — will line up in formations along Chang'an Avenue in Beijing, and they will be reviewed by President Xi Jinping, who is also general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission.

\n

A total of 45 marching soldier units, land weaponry groups and aircraft squadrons are set to take part in the parade.

\n

Yao's assignment is to work with tens of officers and soldiers picked from across the armed forces to carry honorary flags representing time-honored combat units that fought in the war against Japanese invaders.

\n

"The flag I will carry in the parade was conferred to an infantry company — the predecessor of my present company — in September 1939 for its soldiers' heroic performance in a fierce battle that eliminated many Japanese aggressors. Actually, the company was established in May 1928 and had distinguished itself in battles even before the 1939 engagement," the veteran marine emphasized.

\n

"Carrying this flag through Tian'anmen Square means a lot to my company and me. It is a symbol of recognition and acknowledgment of my unit's glorious history and has become a great inspiration to my fellow officers and soldiers. It will be recorded in the company's history book and will definitely generate endless energy to propel us into combat training with full effort," he said.

\n

According to Yao, over the past eight years, he has witnessed his company's rapid transformation, characterized by diversified missions and overseas deployments.

\n

"Thanks to the use of digital platforms and upgraded hardware, we are now capable of operating in all types of environments and safeguarding our motherland's overseas interests. Personally, I have been to the Gulf of Aden and East Africa with the Navy's escort fleet, and I have seen a lot of conflicts and unrest. All of this has taught me that the world is not always at peace and faces many troubles. It is China that always promises its people peace and stability. I am grateful to the fallen soldiers who died fighting the invaders because their sacrifice brought us peace and freedom," the marine said.

\n

Yao added, "Thanks to my overseas deployments, I had the opportunity to witness China's rising strength on the global stage. I can now proudly tell you that whenever you need help on foreign soil, you can count on the motherland, and it will always offer firm support."

\n

He noted that there is a small ceremony that the flagbearers attend each morning during training days: sharing the story behind each flag with other members of the temporary team.

\n

"Every morning, one of us stands in front of the others, holding the honorary flag and telling the others about the accomplishments for which that flag was awarded to their unit. This activity is intended to pass on the fighting spirit of each flag to all of us.

\n

"I am tasked with organizing the ceremony every morning, so many of my fellow carriers told me they love this arrangement. One of them told me that his eyes filled with tears as he listened to those heroic deeds in battle. He said he could envision the valiant soldiers giving their lives to fight against enemies," Yao recalled.

\n

Talking about flagbearing skills, he said that besides hard and repeated training, carriers have developed useful techniques.

\n

"For example, I made a small tool that allows us to develop a kind of muscle memory for the proper angle between the hand and the flagpole. After a period of practice, it proved to be effective and has been adopted by all carriers," Yao said.

\n

After the parade, the officer said, he will return to his company and share the flags' stories and training skills with his troops.

\n

Pilots' aspirations

\n

Wei Xing, a bomber pilot from the PLA Air Force, said he will fly his aircraft as part of a bomber formation during the coming parade.

\n

"Flying in a parade is quite challenging — it requires skill, full attention, flawless teamwork and quick responsiveness. It is a test of how well your daily training has prepared you," said Wei, one of the Air Force's elite bomber aviators and commander of a bomber regiment.

\n

"To better prepare for each flight, we have made detailed plans covering every flight maneuver, and we do extensive ground training. Up in the air, the entire crew must work closely to ensure the mission is accomplished smoothly," he explained.

\n

Participating in the parade will help pilots like Wei improve their airmanship and strengthen overall operational capability.

\n

"In the past, the Chinese military didn't have advanced weaponry, but Chinese soldiers never succumbed to challenges and hardship. Now, with cutting-edge hardware, we, today's service members, will march toward victory confidently and proudly," the pilot said.

\n

Kang Kai, a female fighter aviator with the Air Force, said that flying a domestically built, advanced fighter in the parade is not only a personal honor but also a chance to fulfill a commitment she made 13 years ago to her predecessors.

\n

"In March 1952, 14 female pilots from the Air Force, the first Chinese women trained to fly since the founding of New China in 1949, operated six transport planes to fly through Tian'anmen Square. The event was witnessed by Chairman Mao Zedong and other top leaders. In 2012, the Central Military Commission held a massive ceremony in Beijing to mark the 60th anniversary of their historic flight, and I was honored to attend it," she recalled.

\n

During the event, some of the first 14 female aviators shared stories and memories about flying in the Air Force, especially the March 1952 flight over Tian'anmen Square, Kang said.

\n

"Their eyes filled with tears when recalling that once-in-a-lifetime moment. They were old, with gray hair, yet full of energy and enthusiasm as they remembered that glorious morning. It was like they had returned to their youth and the years of struggle to realize their dreams."

\n

On learning that Kang was from the newest batch of female pilots at that time, some of the first women fliers held her hands and said, "You young girls were born in a good era and have such a good opportunity to operate advanced aircraft. You must work hard and earn new honor for generations of female aviators."

\n

Kang said, "I promised I would do my best to serve the motherland."

\n

According to Kang, the unit she serves with has been undergoing extensive transformation for the past two years in terms of hardware and training standards.

\n

"The new combat plane poses demanding challenges to female aviators. I spared no effort to exercise my body and hone my flight skills, and successfully passed stringent tests to qualify for the new jet. This will be my first parade, and it is a great honor to fly the Air Force's combat jet, undergo inspection by the country and its people and demonstrate the strength of new-generation female pilots," Kang said.

\n

Veteran soldiers

\n

The Sept 3 parade will mark the sixth time for Ding Hui, a veteran tank driver who has served in the PLA Ground Force for 32 years, to take part in a national parade, and the fifth time he drives the first tank that will lead other ground vehicles.

\n

"I am the chief trainer of all ground vehicle drivers and the commander of the foremost tank group. I train trainers, who then train other vehicle drivers. Though I have taken part in five massive parades and driven the first tank in four of them, I still feel huge pressure because we set an even higher standard to ensure that all tanks move in perfect synchronization with each other. So, we need repeated training and precise coordination," he said.

\n

A major challenge for Ding is that many tanks and armored vehicles were recently delivered to troops, so operators must quickly familiarize themselves with the new equipment.

\n

"The knowledge and skills we acquire from parade training will enable us to build combat capability as soon as we return to our barracks. As I often tell my men, a parade is another type of combat exercise," the tank driver said.

\n

Ding recalled that when he joined the military and was assigned to a tank regiment 32 years ago, the first tank he drove was a Type 59, China's first domestically built battle tank.

\n

"Since then, I have used 18 types of tanks across three generations. I am a witness to the history of the Ground Force's hardware development over the past three decades. Compared with previous generations, our new tanks are much more advanced, with tremendous leaps in automation and information processing capabilities. Figuratively speaking, the new tank now has a brain," Ding noted.

\n

In his view, a parade in the PLA is not only an occasion to honor fallen heroes but also a reminder of the tradition of always following orders from the commander-in-chief.

\n

"All of us are ready to move from the training range to the battleground once the top commander gives the order," he said.

\n

Cao Guanyi, a civic affairs worker from Qitaihe, Heilongjiang province, said the Sept 3 parade will be her second time goose-stepping along Chang'an Avenue.

\n

"I took part in the National Day parade in October 2019 when I was a military member serving with a communications brigade of the Air Force," said Cao, who serves as head of a group of militiawomen during the training period for the coming parade.

\n

She noted that many of the militiawomen participating in parade training are former servicewomen.

\n

"Although many of us are no longer military personnel, we are bound by a sense of responsibility and mission that has never changed. No matter how our roles change, we are committed to building and safeguarding our motherland," she said.

\n

Inside the parade training compound, the living and training arrangements for militiawomen are identical to those of military personnel, according to Cao.

\n

"Although we are civilians, we adhere to the high standards observed by soldiers. We are determined to display our full enthusiasm and fighting spirit as we march before the people and the nation," she added.

\n

zhaolei@chinadaily.com.cn

\n


获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", - "content": "

\n

Troops march during a training session in Beijing on Aug 12 as they make preparations ahead of the Victory Day military parade on Sept 3. The parade is part of a grand gathering marking the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931-45) and the World Anti-Fascist War.

\n

Militiawomen are trained for the upcoming military parade commemorating the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931-45) and the World Anti-Fascist War in Beijing, on Aug 12.

\n

Soldiers line up neatly during training for the upcoming military parade.

\n

Members of the joint military band of the People's Liberation Army practice for the military parade in Beijing, on Aug 12.

\n

Participants exchange ideas during their time off from training.

\n

Members of the joint military band practice for the commemoration event on Sept 3.

\n\n

Yao Jiuwei, a marine of the People's Liberation Army Navy, recalled that the first time he considered joining the military was on Sept 3, 2015.

\n

"I was running on a treadmill at my university — Harbin Sport University in Heilongjiang province — and was watching a live broadcast of the grand parade in Beijing that marked the 70th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression. It impressed me deeply and made me truly want to become a soldier. So, after my graduation in 2017, I chose to enlist and was sent to the PLA Navy's Marine Corps.

\n

"In 2019, at our camp, I watched on TV the Oct 1 parade celebrating the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, and I felt envious of those taking part in the National Day parade, wondering when I could participate in a parade someday. Now, I am here, training for the coming parade. It feels like my dream is coming true," he told China Daily in a recent interview at a military compound on the northwestern outskirts of Beijing.

\n

Yao, now an officer of the PLA Navy's Marine Corps, was selected several months ago as one of two members from his company to participate in the parade on Sept 3, which marks the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931-45) and the World Anti-Fascist War. The event will be the country's 19th military parade since the People's Republic of China was founded in 1949 and the second V-Day parade.

\n

During the parade on Sept 3, troops — selected members of the PLA and the People's Armed Police Force, as well as China's militia and reserve service — will line up in formations along Chang'an Avenue in Beijing, and they will be reviewed by President Xi Jinping, who is also general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission.

\n

A total of 45 marching soldier units, land weaponry groups and aircraft squadrons are set to take part in the parade.

\n

Yao's assignment is to work with tens of officers and soldiers picked from across the armed forces to carry honorary flags representing time-honored combat units that fought in the war against Japanese invaders.

\n

"The flag I will carry in the parade was conferred to an infantry company — the predecessor of my present company — in September 1939 for its soldiers' heroic performance in a fierce battle that eliminated many Japanese aggressors. Actually, the company was established in May 1928 and had distinguished itself in battles even before the 1939 engagement," the veteran marine emphasized.

\n

"Carrying this flag through Tian'anmen Square means a lot to my company and me. It is a symbol of recognition and acknowledgment of my unit's glorious history and has become a great inspiration to my fellow officers and soldiers. It will be recorded in the company's history book and will definitely generate endless energy to propel us into combat training with full effort," he said.

\n

According to Yao, over the past eight years, he has witnessed his company's rapid transformation, characterized by diversified missions and overseas deployments.

\n

"Thanks to the use of digital platforms and upgraded hardware, we are now capable of operating in all types of environments and safeguarding our motherland's overseas interests. Personally, I have been to the Gulf of Aden and East Africa with the Navy's escort fleet, and I have seen a lot of conflicts and unrest. All of this has taught me that the world is not always at peace and faces many troubles. It is China that always promises its people peace and stability. I am grateful to the fallen soldiers who died fighting the invaders because their sacrifice brought us peace and freedom," the marine said.

\n

Yao added, "Thanks to my overseas deployments, I had the opportunity to witness China's rising strength on the global stage. I can now proudly tell you that whenever you need help on foreign soil, you can count on the motherland, and it will always offer firm support."

\n

He noted that there is a small ceremony that the flagbearers attend each morning during training days: sharing the story behind each flag with other members of the temporary team.

\n

"Every morning, one of us stands in front of the others, holding the honorary flag and telling the others about the accomplishments for which that flag was awarded to their unit. This activity is intended to pass on the fighting spirit of each flag to all of us.

\n

"I am tasked with organizing the ceremony every morning, so many of my fellow carriers told me they love this arrangement. One of them told me that his eyes filled with tears as he listened to those heroic deeds in battle. He said he could envision the valiant soldiers giving their lives to fight against enemies," Yao recalled.

\n

Talking about flagbearing skills, he said that besides hard and repeated training, carriers have developed useful techniques.

\n

"For example, I made a small tool that allows us to develop a kind of muscle memory for the proper angle between the hand and the flagpole. After a period of practice, it proved to be effective and has been adopted by all carriers," Yao said.

\n

After the parade, the officer said, he will return to his company and share the flags' stories and training skills with his troops.

\n

Pilots' aspirations

\n

Wei Xing, a bomber pilot from the PLA Air Force, said he will fly his aircraft as part of a bomber formation during the coming parade.

\n

"Flying in a parade is quite challenging — it requires skill, full attention, flawless teamwork and quick responsiveness. It is a test of how well your daily training has prepared you," said Wei, one of the Air Force's elite bomber aviators and commander of a bomber regiment.

\n

"To better prepare for each flight, we have made detailed plans covering every flight maneuver, and we do extensive ground training. Up in the air, the entire crew must work closely to ensure the mission is accomplished smoothly," he explained.

\n

Participating in the parade will help pilots like Wei improve their airmanship and strengthen overall operational capability.

\n

"In the past, the Chinese military didn't have advanced weaponry, but Chinese soldiers never succumbed to challenges and hardship. Now, with cutting-edge hardware, we, today's service members, will march toward victory confidently and proudly," the pilot said.

\n

Kang Kai, a female fighter aviator with the Air Force, said that flying a domestically built, advanced fighter in the parade is not only a personal honor but also a chance to fulfill a commitment she made 13 years ago to her predecessors.

\n

"In March 1952, 14 female pilots from the Air Force, the first Chinese women trained to fly since the founding of New China in 1949, operated six transport planes to fly through Tian'anmen Square. The event was witnessed by Chairman Mao Zedong and other top leaders. In 2012, the Central Military Commission held a massive ceremony in Beijing to mark the 60th anniversary of their historic flight, and I was honored to attend it," she recalled.

\n

During the event, some of the first 14 female aviators shared stories and memories about flying in the Air Force, especially the March 1952 flight over Tian'anmen Square, Kang said.

\n

"Their eyes filled with tears when recalling that once-in-a-lifetime moment. They were old, with gray hair, yet full of energy and enthusiasm as they remembered that glorious morning. It was like they had returned to their youth and the years of struggle to realize their dreams."

\n

On learning that Kang was from the newest batch of female pilots at that time, some of the first women fliers held her hands and said, "You young girls were born in a good era and have such a good opportunity to operate advanced aircraft. You must work hard and earn new honor for generations of female aviators."

\n

Kang said, "I promised I would do my best to serve the motherland."

\n

According to Kang, the unit she serves with has been undergoing extensive transformation for the past two years in terms of hardware and training standards.

\n

"The new combat plane poses demanding challenges to female aviators. I spared no effort to exercise my body and hone my flight skills, and successfully passed stringent tests to qualify for the new jet. This will be my first parade, and it is a great honor to fly the Air Force's combat jet, undergo inspection by the country and its people and demonstrate the strength of new-generation female pilots," Kang said.

\n

Veteran soldiers

\n

The Sept 3 parade will mark the sixth time for Ding Hui, a veteran tank driver who has served in the PLA Ground Force for 32 years, to take part in a national parade, and the fifth time he drives the first tank that will lead other ground vehicles.

\n

"I am the chief trainer of all ground vehicle drivers and the commander of the foremost tank group. I train trainers, who then train other vehicle drivers. Though I have taken part in five massive parades and driven the first tank in four of them, I still feel huge pressure because we set an even higher standard to ensure that all tanks move in perfect synchronization with each other. So, we need repeated training and precise coordination," he said.

\n

A major challenge for Ding is that many tanks and armored vehicles were recently delivered to troops, so operators must quickly familiarize themselves with the new equipment.

\n

"The knowledge and skills we acquire from parade training will enable us to build combat capability as soon as we return to our barracks. As I often tell my men, a parade is another type of combat exercise," the tank driver said.

\n

Ding recalled that when he joined the military and was assigned to a tank regiment 32 years ago, the first tank he drove was a Type 59, China's first domestically built battle tank.

\n

"Since then, I have used 18 types of tanks across three generations. I am a witness to the history of the Ground Force's hardware development over the past three decades. Compared with previous generations, our new tanks are much more advanced, with tremendous leaps in automation and information processing capabilities. Figuratively speaking, the new tank now has a brain," Ding noted.

\n

In his view, a parade in the PLA is not only an occasion to honor fallen heroes but also a reminder of the tradition of always following orders from the commander-in-chief.

\n

"All of us are ready to move from the training range to the battleground once the top commander gives the order," he said.

\n

Cao Guanyi, a civic affairs worker from Qitaihe, Heilongjiang province, said the Sept 3 parade will be her second time goose-stepping along Chang'an Avenue.

\n

"I took part in the National Day parade in October 2019 when I was a military member serving with a communications brigade of the Air Force," said Cao, who serves as head of a group of militiawomen during the training period for the coming parade.

\n

She noted that many of the militiawomen participating in parade training are former servicewomen.

\n

"Although many of us are no longer military personnel, we are bound by a sense of responsibility and mission that has never changed. No matter how our roles change, we are committed to building and safeguarding our motherland," she said.

\n

Inside the parade training compound, the living and training arrangements for militiawomen are identical to those of military personnel, according to Cao.

\n

"Although we are civilians, we adhere to the high standards observed by soldiers. We are determined to display our full enthusiasm and fighting spirit as we march before the people and the nation," she added.

\n

zhaolei@chinadaily.com.cn

\n


获取更多RSS：
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", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_001_68a8e29ced50ccabe15180b4.htm#001FRONT", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "d70b267803d3cea3ebcc4ec1a681886c", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "001FRONT - Plush 'meat pie' toys give Tibetan culture fresh look", - "description": "

A plush Shapaley "meat pie" toy.

\n

Now you can hug your favorite traditional food from the high-altitude Xizang autonomous region. That's right, food. You can even take it to bed with you.

\n

It's a new cultural brand called Shapaley, which uses the Tibetan word for "meat pie" to connect with ordinary life on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It's turning some familiar flavors and other iconic symbols into cuddly keepsakes and winning hearts on Chinese social media.

\n

Developed by the Xizang Performing Arts Company, the line of plush toys reimagines Tibetan icons — noodles, for example — as huggable friends that make traditional culture playful, portable and relatable.

\n

In the first two weeks since the launch of the first series, around 1,500 units have been sold across China, with orders coming mainly from short-video platform Douyin's shopping section and co-branded pop-up events.

\n

"Tibetan noodles are a familiar taste in the everyday life of Xizang, so we wanted to spin this ordinary flavor into a portable memory. We want it to become a warm new Tibetan specialty in people's hearts," said Fu Shiyu, head of the company's product development department.

\n

The concept taps into a nationwide craze for culturally resonant plush toys, following the lead of brands such as Jellycat and the growing trend of city-themed cultural products.

\n

"When we saw the cultural and tourism sector across the country launching toys based on iconic local symbols, we felt Tibetan culture had huge untapped potential," Fu said. "Because no one had yet ventured into this space, we decided to start with the foods we know best."

\n

The rollout of products features familiar objects in a fun form. For instance, a plush Shapaley "meat pie" replica doubles as a coin purse. A thought-provoking "flowers on cow dung" toy reflects Tibetan humor. A Potala Palace-shaped huggie has quickly become a must-have souvenir for visitors.

\n

The 10-member design team, most of them local employees, is committed to giving Tibetan culture a fresh and hip look. Their main sales channel is Douyin, while they partner with cultural and creative shops for on-site consignment sales.

\n

They also stage interactive events. At a recent outdoor picnic, for example, staff members dressed as tea house owners staged playful noodle-cooking scenes. The immersive approach makes the beloved reallife products come alive, Fu said.

\n

"Many people have said they're happy to finally have a cultural product that represents Tibetan lifestyle, and they're urging us to design more," she said.

\n

Tenzin Sherab, a Tibetan employee, said cultural symbols from everyday life resonate. "The first series of Shapaley products takes a new approach, and it's quite a good one; but it's also a significant challenge," he said, adding that the team hopes to steadily improve the products.

\n

The company has produced plush versions not only of Tibetan noodles, but also of butter tea churns and tea bowls. Each design reflects a familiar aspect of Tibetan lifestyle, recast in a charming, portable and collectible form.

\n

Encouraged by the strong positive feedback, the team is already working on a second series and promises new designs blending creativity with the roots of Tibetan culture. "We hope to keep improving and innovating," said Tenzin Sherab. "This is just the start of a journey to make Tibetan culture warm, friendly and easy to share."

\n

Contact the writers at palden_nyima@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "content": "

A plush Shapaley "meat pie" toy.

\n

Now you can hug your favorite traditional food from the high-altitude Xizang autonomous region. That's right, food. You can even take it to bed with you.

\n

It's a new cultural brand called Shapaley, which uses the Tibetan word for "meat pie" to connect with ordinary life on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It's turning some familiar flavors and other iconic symbols into cuddly keepsakes and winning hearts on Chinese social media.

\n

Developed by the Xizang Performing Arts Company, the line of plush toys reimagines Tibetan icons — noodles, for example — as huggable friends that make traditional culture playful, portable and relatable.

\n

In the first two weeks since the launch of the first series, around 1,500 units have been sold across China, with orders coming mainly from short-video platform Douyin's shopping section and co-branded pop-up events.

\n

"Tibetan noodles are a familiar taste in the everyday life of Xizang, so we wanted to spin this ordinary flavor into a portable memory. We want it to become a warm new Tibetan specialty in people's hearts," said Fu Shiyu, head of the company's product development department.

\n

The concept taps into a nationwide craze for culturally resonant plush toys, following the lead of brands such as Jellycat and the growing trend of city-themed cultural products.

\n

"When we saw the cultural and tourism sector across the country launching toys based on iconic local symbols, we felt Tibetan culture had huge untapped potential," Fu said. "Because no one had yet ventured into this space, we decided to start with the foods we know best."

\n

The rollout of products features familiar objects in a fun form. For instance, a plush Shapaley "meat pie" replica doubles as a coin purse. A thought-provoking "flowers on cow dung" toy reflects Tibetan humor. A Potala Palace-shaped huggie has quickly become a must-have souvenir for visitors.

\n

The 10-member design team, most of them local employees, is committed to giving Tibetan culture a fresh and hip look. Their main sales channel is Douyin, while they partner with cultural and creative shops for on-site consignment sales.

\n

They also stage interactive events. At a recent outdoor picnic, for example, staff members dressed as tea house owners staged playful noodle-cooking scenes. The immersive approach makes the beloved reallife products come alive, Fu said.

\n

"Many people have said they're happy to finally have a cultural product that represents Tibetan lifestyle, and they're urging us to design more," she said.

\n

Tenzin Sherab, a Tibetan employee, said cultural symbols from everyday life resonate. "The first series of Shapaley products takes a new approach, and it's quite a good one; but it's also a significant challenge," he said, adding that the team hopes to steadily improve the products.

\n

The company has produced plush versions not only of Tibetan noodles, but also of butter tea churns and tea bowls. Each design reflects a familiar aspect of Tibetan lifestyle, recast in a charming, portable and collectible form.

\n

Encouraged by the strong positive feedback, the team is already working on a second series and promises new designs blending creativity with the roots of Tibetan culture. "We hope to keep improving and innovating," said Tenzin Sherab. "This is just the start of a journey to make Tibetan culture warm, friendly and easy to share."

\n

Contact the writers at palden_nyima@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_001_68a8e2a1ed50ccabe15180b5.htm#001FRONT", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "186c382f90c3968da71bc42090c0e219", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "001FRONT - A-share rally draws global investors", - "description": "

While the A-share market has recently hit multiple new records, foreign investors remain optimistic about its performance in the coming months, increasing their exposure to Chinese equities in anticipation of further capital inflows and structural opportunities.

\n

The benchmark Shanghai Composite Index gained 1.45 percent on Friday to close at 3,825.76 points, its highest level in 10 years. The combined trading value on the Shanghai and Shenzhen exchanges approached 2.55 trillion yuan ($360 billion), surpassing the 2-trillion-yuan mark for the eighth consecutive trading day, and setting a new record for sustained high trading volume in the A-share market.

\n

Analysts from US investment bank Goldman Sachs said the rally is backed by more driving forces, as a significant amount of idle capital has yet to enter the market.

\n

Only 22 percent of Chinese household financial assets have been directed to funds and stocks, while over 10 trillion yuan is estimated to flow into the stock market, especially favoring small and mid-cap stocks, they said.

\n

The latest data from the People's Bank of China, the nation's central bank, showed that the balance of Chinese household savings declined significantly by 1.1 trillion yuan in July, while non-bank deposits surged by a record 2.14 trillion yuan. This suggests that residents have shifted their savings into securities accounts, or used them to purchase funds and wealth management products, industry experts said.

\n

Hong Hao, chief investment officer of the multi-asset offshore US dollar hedge fund Lotus Asset Management, said that many more stocks are participating in the current uptrend, ranging from mega caps such as traditional financial companies to small — and micro-cap stocks. As a result, the current rally is not driven by speculation and is likely to be more sustainable than previous ones, he said.

\n

International investors have acted quickly. According to data from Goldman Sachs' Prime Brokerage for hedge funds, China was the market receiving the largest net buying from global hedge funds in August, with 90 percent of them holding long positions in Chinese equities.

\n

Similarly, a Nomura report released on Wednesday showed that reducing exposure to Indian shares while reallocating capital to stocks listed in the Chinese mainland and Hong Kong has become a mainstream strategy among emerging market investors.

\n

As of Wednesday, South Korean investors had directed $5.8 billion toward trading Hong Kong stocks, according to the Korea Securities Depository. This amount has already surpassed the full-year total in 2024.

\n

Foreign investors' net increased holdings in Chinese onshore stocks and funds reached $18.8 billion in May and June, according to analysts from Soochow Securities. Foreign capital may continue to flow into the A-share market amid a weaker US dollar, they added.

\n

According to Johnny Yu, macro strategist at the US-based global investment firm Wellington Management, China delivered better-than-expected growth in the first half of this year, but investor sentiment has yet to catch up. He noted that investors have not paid sufficient attention to structural changes in areas such as new consumption and services, AI, robotics, automation, renewables, electrification, biotechnology, and high-end, high-value-added manufacturing.

\n

Major shifts have been taking place in China, including declining reliance on property, greater self-sufficiency and course corrections in industrial policy. Investors may be underestimating a still-positive growth story in China, Yu said.

\n

shijing@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "content": "

While the A-share market has recently hit multiple new records, foreign investors remain optimistic about its performance in the coming months, increasing their exposure to Chinese equities in anticipation of further capital inflows and structural opportunities.

\n

The benchmark Shanghai Composite Index gained 1.45 percent on Friday to close at 3,825.76 points, its highest level in 10 years. The combined trading value on the Shanghai and Shenzhen exchanges approached 2.55 trillion yuan ($360 billion), surpassing the 2-trillion-yuan mark for the eighth consecutive trading day, and setting a new record for sustained high trading volume in the A-share market.

\n

Analysts from US investment bank Goldman Sachs said the rally is backed by more driving forces, as a significant amount of idle capital has yet to enter the market.

\n

Only 22 percent of Chinese household financial assets have been directed to funds and stocks, while over 10 trillion yuan is estimated to flow into the stock market, especially favoring small and mid-cap stocks, they said.

\n

The latest data from the People's Bank of China, the nation's central bank, showed that the balance of Chinese household savings declined significantly by 1.1 trillion yuan in July, while non-bank deposits surged by a record 2.14 trillion yuan. This suggests that residents have shifted their savings into securities accounts, or used them to purchase funds and wealth management products, industry experts said.

\n

Hong Hao, chief investment officer of the multi-asset offshore US dollar hedge fund Lotus Asset Management, said that many more stocks are participating in the current uptrend, ranging from mega caps such as traditional financial companies to small — and micro-cap stocks. As a result, the current rally is not driven by speculation and is likely to be more sustainable than previous ones, he said.

\n

International investors have acted quickly. According to data from Goldman Sachs' Prime Brokerage for hedge funds, China was the market receiving the largest net buying from global hedge funds in August, with 90 percent of them holding long positions in Chinese equities.

\n

Similarly, a Nomura report released on Wednesday showed that reducing exposure to Indian shares while reallocating capital to stocks listed in the Chinese mainland and Hong Kong has become a mainstream strategy among emerging market investors.

\n

As of Wednesday, South Korean investors had directed $5.8 billion toward trading Hong Kong stocks, according to the Korea Securities Depository. This amount has already surpassed the full-year total in 2024.

\n

Foreign investors' net increased holdings in Chinese onshore stocks and funds reached $18.8 billion in May and June, according to analysts from Soochow Securities. Foreign capital may continue to flow into the A-share market amid a weaker US dollar, they added.

\n

According to Johnny Yu, macro strategist at the US-based global investment firm Wellington Management, China delivered better-than-expected growth in the first half of this year, but investor sentiment has yet to catch up. He noted that investors have not paid sufficient attention to structural changes in areas such as new consumption and services, AI, robotics, automation, renewables, electrification, biotechnology, and high-end, high-value-added manufacturing.

\n

Major shifts have been taking place in China, including declining reliance on property, greater self-sufficiency and course corrections in industrial policy. Investors may be underestimating a still-positive growth story in China, Yu said.

\n

shijing@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_001_68a8e2a5ed50ccabe15180b6.htm#001FRONT", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "0f1b1162c7bd3830d4850664fd552096", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "002CHINA - Steps taken to boost domestic consumption", - "description": "

China will take multipronged steps, including fiscal, tax and financial policies, to unleash greater domestic demand potential, the State Council — the country's Cabinet — said on Friday.

\n

Policymakers should optimize the implementation mechanism of the consumer goods trade-in program to better leverage its role in expanding domestic demand, according to the State Council executive meeting chaired by Premier Li Qiang.

\n

The National Development and Reform Commission, the country's top economic regulator, said earlier this month that the fourth and final batch of 69 billion yuan ($9.6 billion) in ultra-long-term special treasury bonds will be allocated in October to support the trade-in program, completing the planned 300 billion yuan total for the whole year.

\n

The program has spurred purchases of more than 109 million home appliances, involving more than 66 million consumers, the Ministry of Commerce said in late July.

\n

Moreover, the program has driven sales of more than 74 million digital devices and nearly 9.06 million electric bicycles, the ministry said.

\n

However, Luo Zhiheng, chief economist at Yuekai Securities, cautioned that as the effectiveness of trade-in programs for boosting durable goods consumption — which kicked off in 2024 — is likely to wane over time, greater efforts should be made to bolster services consumption.

\n

Policymakers could put in place similar incentives earmarked from the fiscal funds to boost consumption in the services sector, as China's current government debt-to-GDP ratio remains relatively low among major economies, Luo added.

\n

In the first half of 2025, China's total retail sales of consumer goods increased 5 percent year-on-year, while retail sales of services grew 5.3 percent, said the National Bureau of Statistics.

\n

To this end, the Friday meeting also called for efforts to stimulate sports consumption demand, including expanding sports consumption scenarios and encouraging localities to host sporting events.

\n

It was stressed at the meeting that greater emphasis should be placed on mobilizing market forces to drive the development of the sports and recreation sector, expand consumption scale, enhance the vitality of sports business entities and promote high-quality growth of the sector overall.

\n

Days ahead of the meeting, the country had unveiled a new loan interest subsidy for businesses in eight eligible categories of the service sectors, including sports, to help them enhance service offerings and spur consumer spending appetites.

\n

Under the initiative, businesses can receive subsidies for loans of up to 1 million yuan. Borrowers will receive a 1 percentage point annual interest rebate for up to one year.

\n

wangkeju@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "content": "

China will take multipronged steps, including fiscal, tax and financial policies, to unleash greater domestic demand potential, the State Council — the country's Cabinet — said on Friday.

\n

Policymakers should optimize the implementation mechanism of the consumer goods trade-in program to better leverage its role in expanding domestic demand, according to the State Council executive meeting chaired by Premier Li Qiang.

\n

The National Development and Reform Commission, the country's top economic regulator, said earlier this month that the fourth and final batch of 69 billion yuan ($9.6 billion) in ultra-long-term special treasury bonds will be allocated in October to support the trade-in program, completing the planned 300 billion yuan total for the whole year.

\n

The program has spurred purchases of more than 109 million home appliances, involving more than 66 million consumers, the Ministry of Commerce said in late July.

\n

Moreover, the program has driven sales of more than 74 million digital devices and nearly 9.06 million electric bicycles, the ministry said.

\n

However, Luo Zhiheng, chief economist at Yuekai Securities, cautioned that as the effectiveness of trade-in programs for boosting durable goods consumption — which kicked off in 2024 — is likely to wane over time, greater efforts should be made to bolster services consumption.

\n

Policymakers could put in place similar incentives earmarked from the fiscal funds to boost consumption in the services sector, as China's current government debt-to-GDP ratio remains relatively low among major economies, Luo added.

\n

In the first half of 2025, China's total retail sales of consumer goods increased 5 percent year-on-year, while retail sales of services grew 5.3 percent, said the National Bureau of Statistics.

\n

To this end, the Friday meeting also called for efforts to stimulate sports consumption demand, including expanding sports consumption scenarios and encouraging localities to host sporting events.

\n

It was stressed at the meeting that greater emphasis should be placed on mobilizing market forces to drive the development of the sports and recreation sector, expand consumption scale, enhance the vitality of sports business entities and promote high-quality growth of the sector overall.

\n

Days ahead of the meeting, the country had unveiled a new loan interest subsidy for businesses in eight eligible categories of the service sectors, including sports, to help them enhance service offerings and spur consumer spending appetites.

\n

Under the initiative, businesses can receive subsidies for loans of up to 1 million yuan. Borrowers will receive a 1 percentage point annual interest rebate for up to one year.

\n

wangkeju@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_002_68a8e2a9ed50ccabe15180b7.htm#002CHINA", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "fbe1d6134de0705700a339abcb94196b", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "002CHINA - Keeping in mind", - "description": "

A docent explains to visitors an item on display at an exhibition commemorating the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931-45) and the World Anti-Fascist War at the Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre on Friday. The weeklong exhibition, which opened that day, features 570 photos, a rich collection of text and key exhibits that provide Hong Kong residents, especially young people, a rare chance to remember history, honor the martyrs, cherish peace and build a better future.

\n

", - "content": "

A docent explains to visitors an item on display at an exhibition commemorating the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931-45) and the World Anti-Fascist War at the Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre on Friday. The weeklong exhibition, which opened that day, features 570 photos, a rich collection of text and key exhibits that provide Hong Kong residents, especially young people, a rare chance to remember history, honor the martyrs, cherish peace and build a better future.

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_002_68a8e2aeed50ccabe15180b8.htm#002CHINA", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "16253e623b520b4c7217c564f0108b7d", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "002CHINA - Briefly", - "description": "

INNER MONGOLIA

\n

Government head under probe

\n

Wang Lixia, chairwoman of the Inner Mongolia autonomous regional government, is under investigation for suspected serious violations of Party discipline and national laws, the Communist Party of China Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the National Commission of Supervision said on Friday, without elaborating further. Publicly available information shows that Wang, 61, a native of Liaoning province, started her career in September 1985 and joined the Party in December 1992. Before she was transferred to Inner Mongolia to work in October 2016, she had served at various positions in Shaanxi province, including head of the Shaanxi statistics department, mayor of Tongchuan and vice-governor of Shaanxi. She became the deputy Party secretary of the Inner Mongolia autonomous region and chairwoman of the regional government in 2021.

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BEIJING

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Special broiler chickens exported to Saudi Arabia

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China recently shipped its first batch of Guangming 2 white-feather broiler chickens to Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, marking a new step in the expansion of independently bred and high-quality poultry genetics to the Middle East market. Developed by the Institute of Animal Science of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, together with domestic agricultural enterprises, Guangming 2 is one of China's first nationally approved white-feather broiler breeds, with production performance rivaling leading international breeds, according to the CAAS. The variety incorporates advanced technologies such as the Jingxin 1 breeding chip for genomic selection and intelligent phenotyping, doubling the speed of genetic progress. It also has a 35.2 percent lower incidence of muscle abnormalities compared to international lines. The exports point to growing agricultural cooperation between the two countries, apart from existing collaboration in breeding technologies and demonstration farms. Before entering the Saudi market, Guangming 2 had already been exported to other countries, including Pakistan and Tajikistan.

\n

", - "content": "

INNER MONGOLIA

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Government head under probe

\n

Wang Lixia, chairwoman of the Inner Mongolia autonomous regional government, is under investigation for suspected serious violations of Party discipline and national laws, the Communist Party of China Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the National Commission of Supervision said on Friday, without elaborating further. Publicly available information shows that Wang, 61, a native of Liaoning province, started her career in September 1985 and joined the Party in December 1992. Before she was transferred to Inner Mongolia to work in October 2016, she had served at various positions in Shaanxi province, including head of the Shaanxi statistics department, mayor of Tongchuan and vice-governor of Shaanxi. She became the deputy Party secretary of the Inner Mongolia autonomous region and chairwoman of the regional government in 2021.

\n

BEIJING

\n

Special broiler chickens exported to Saudi Arabia

\n

China recently shipped its first batch of Guangming 2 white-feather broiler chickens to Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, marking a new step in the expansion of independently bred and high-quality poultry genetics to the Middle East market. Developed by the Institute of Animal Science of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, together with domestic agricultural enterprises, Guangming 2 is one of China's first nationally approved white-feather broiler breeds, with production performance rivaling leading international breeds, according to the CAAS. The variety incorporates advanced technologies such as the Jingxin 1 breeding chip for genomic selection and intelligent phenotyping, doubling the speed of genetic progress. It also has a 35.2 percent lower incidence of muscle abnormalities compared to international lines. The exports point to growing agricultural cooperation between the two countries, apart from existing collaboration in breeding technologies and demonstration farms. Before entering the Saudi market, Guangming 2 had already been exported to other countries, including Pakistan and Tajikistan.

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_002_68a8e2b2ed50ccabe15180b9.htm#002CHINA", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "1be147d3d3d8e36677afb258ac3c51d2", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "002CHINA - Central delegation visits people in Lhasa", - "description": "

Entrusted by Xi Jinping, general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, members of a central delegation visited local officials and residents in Lhasa, the capital of the Xizang autonomous region, on Thursday.

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Wang Huning, a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and head of the delegation, attended the event.

\n

When visiting senior officials of Lhasa and representatives from various ethnic groups and sectors, Wang called for efforts to advance four major tasks — ensuring stability, facilitating development, protecting the eco-environment and strengthening frontiers — thereby making new contributions to promoting lasting peace, stability and high-quality development in Xizang.

\n

When visiting members from Xizang's religious circles at Jokhang Temple, Wang expressed hope that they will resolutely safeguard national unity and ethnic solidarity and actively participate in building a modern socialist new Xizang.

\n

The delegation also inspected the development of higher education at Xizang University and visited a park to observe afforestation and greening efforts.

\n

Wang stressed the need to focus on ensuring and improving people's well-being, promote employment and income growth for the public, and steadily advancing common prosperity.

\n

The delegation is in Lhasa for the Xizang autonomous region's 60th founding anniversary celebrations.

\n

", - "content": "

Entrusted by Xi Jinping, general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, members of a central delegation visited local officials and residents in Lhasa, the capital of the Xizang autonomous region, on Thursday.

\n

Wang Huning, a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and head of the delegation, attended the event.

\n

When visiting senior officials of Lhasa and representatives from various ethnic groups and sectors, Wang called for efforts to advance four major tasks — ensuring stability, facilitating development, protecting the eco-environment and strengthening frontiers — thereby making new contributions to promoting lasting peace, stability and high-quality development in Xizang.

\n

When visiting members from Xizang's religious circles at Jokhang Temple, Wang expressed hope that they will resolutely safeguard national unity and ethnic solidarity and actively participate in building a modern socialist new Xizang.

\n

The delegation also inspected the development of higher education at Xizang University and visited a park to observe afforestation and greening efforts.

\n

Wang stressed the need to focus on ensuring and improving people's well-being, promote employment and income growth for the public, and steadily advancing common prosperity.

\n

The delegation is in Lhasa for the Xizang autonomous region's 60th founding anniversary celebrations.

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_002_68a8e2b7ed50ccabe15180ba.htm#002CHINA", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "4ce94ff4408977c7163f379b6cae0a74", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "002CHINA - 12 dead, 4 missing after bridge collapses in Qinghai", - "description": "

An aerial drone photo taken on Friday shows the site of a bridge construction accident on the Qinghai section of the Sichuan-Qinghai Railway in Qinghai province.

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Twelve people have been confirmed dead and four remain missing as of 6 pm Friday due to a steel cable failure at a bridge construction site in Northwest China's Qinghai province earlier in the day.

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The accident occurred around 3 am at the under-construction bridge on the Qinghai section of the Sichuan-Qinghai Railway, where 16 workers were on site at the time, according to Xinhua News Agency. The failure caused a 108-meter steel girder arch rib to collapse.

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The Ministry of Emergency Management has promptly dispatched a team to the site to oversee rescue operations and coordinate rescue efforts, focusing on searching for people who fell into the water.

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The ministry confirmed that it would determine the cause of the accident as soon as possible, and undertake decisive measures to prevent similar incidents in the future.

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China Central Television reported more than 806 rescuers have joined search and rescue efforts since the accident happened, with 91 vehicles, 27 boats, one helicopter and five robots deployed. Additionally, six hospitals have opened quick channels to provide medical aid for victims.

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As of press time, coordinated rescue operations, as well as efforts to comfort affected families, were ongoing.

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The bridge — located at the border between Jainca county in the Huangnan Tibetan autonomous prefecture and Hualong Hui autonomous county in Haidong — is the first steel truss arch railway bridge in China to cross the Yellow River, according to People's Daily.

\n

Qinghai Daily previously reported that two cable towers on either side of the bridge were completed on June 14, with its main bridge originally expected to be joined by the end of this month. The maximum cable force on the side spans of the bridge reaches 1,161 metric tons, equivalent to the weight of 750 small cars, and each tower weighs 1,800 tons, with the largest segment weighing 45 tons. The installation precision of the towers is directly related to the safety and success of the subsequent steel support beam, it said.

\n

Public information shows that the bridge, one of the key projects of its type on the Sichuan-Qinghai Railway, has a length of over 1,596 meters, with the arch's apex standing 130 meters above the water's surface, equivalent to the height of more than 40 stories. Its deck is 55 meters above the Yellow River's surface.

\n

caoyin@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "content": "

An aerial drone photo taken on Friday shows the site of a bridge construction accident on the Qinghai section of the Sichuan-Qinghai Railway in Qinghai province.

\n

Twelve people have been confirmed dead and four remain missing as of 6 pm Friday due to a steel cable failure at a bridge construction site in Northwest China's Qinghai province earlier in the day.

\n

The accident occurred around 3 am at the under-construction bridge on the Qinghai section of the Sichuan-Qinghai Railway, where 16 workers were on site at the time, according to Xinhua News Agency. The failure caused a 108-meter steel girder arch rib to collapse.

\n

The Ministry of Emergency Management has promptly dispatched a team to the site to oversee rescue operations and coordinate rescue efforts, focusing on searching for people who fell into the water.

\n

The ministry confirmed that it would determine the cause of the accident as soon as possible, and undertake decisive measures to prevent similar incidents in the future.

\n

China Central Television reported more than 806 rescuers have joined search and rescue efforts since the accident happened, with 91 vehicles, 27 boats, one helicopter and five robots deployed. Additionally, six hospitals have opened quick channels to provide medical aid for victims.

\n

As of press time, coordinated rescue operations, as well as efforts to comfort affected families, were ongoing.

\n

The bridge — located at the border between Jainca county in the Huangnan Tibetan autonomous prefecture and Hualong Hui autonomous county in Haidong — is the first steel truss arch railway bridge in China to cross the Yellow River, according to People's Daily.

\n

Qinghai Daily previously reported that two cable towers on either side of the bridge were completed on June 14, with its main bridge originally expected to be joined by the end of this month. The maximum cable force on the side spans of the bridge reaches 1,161 metric tons, equivalent to the weight of 750 small cars, and each tower weighs 1,800 tons, with the largest segment weighing 45 tons. The installation precision of the towers is directly related to the safety and success of the subsequent steel support beam, it said.

\n

Public information shows that the bridge, one of the key projects of its type on the Sichuan-Qinghai Railway, has a length of over 1,596 meters, with the arch's apex standing 130 meters above the water's surface, equivalent to the height of more than 40 stories. Its deck is 55 meters above the Yellow River's surface.

\n

caoyin@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_002_68a8e2bbed50ccabe15180bb.htm#002CHINA", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "afa40843ccf1e6c3d617fae63cc59375", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "002CHINA - Improved biz environment to spur market innovation", - "description": "

China is confident of creating a more unified, fair and innovative market during the upcoming 15th Five-Year Plan (2026-30) period, thanks to an improved business environment, upgraded quality standards and enhanced regulation on online platforms over the past five years, the country's top market regulator said on Friday.

\n

China's business environment has continued to improve since the launch of the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-25), thereby fully stimulating entrepreneurial vitality across society, Luo Wen, head of the State Administration for Market Regulation, or SAMR, said at a news conference highlighting the country's achievements during the period.

\n

The country recorded a net increase of approximately 34 million self-employed households and registered a net increase of almost 20 million enterprises during the same five-year period, Luo said, adding that the time needed to open a restaurant has shortened to 15 days from 37, and 204 innovative drugs have been approved during the half-decade.

\n

To effectively safeguard fair competition and market order, the administration has intensified its regulation on market monopolies, he said, adding that 3,400 merger cases have been concluded in sectors such as the platform economy and natural monopolies.

\n

During the five-year period, the administration has continuously optimized its regulatory mechanisms, Luo said, adding that efforts are underway to streamline approval procedures and reduce corporate costs.

\n

According to Luo, quality indicators have risen sharply over the past five years. Indices gauging manufacturing quality competitiveness, satisfaction with quality of life services and satisfaction with public services rose to 85.86, 81.33 and 81.62, respectively.

\n

To support this growth, China completed the first revision in 15 years of its anti-monopoly law and a third update of its anti-unfair competition law, strengthening competition policy as a legal pillar.

\n

Deng Zhiyong, deputy head of the SAMR, said that while digital technologies have spurred growth and new business models, risks such as online traffic manipulation, algorithm abuse and disorderly competition are emerging.

\n

The administration, thereby, has unveiled a draft guideline to tighten oversight over how e-commerce and online platforms charge merchants. The guideline seeks to standardize the way platforms collect commissions, membership fees, technical service charges, information fees and marketing expenses from merchants.

\n

Wang Xianlin, a member of the expert advisory group on the anti-monopoly commission of the State Council — the nation's Cabinet — said, "Such efforts are expected to bring greater transparency and structure to the way online trading platforms charge merchants, and will rebalance interests and rebuild a healthy platform ecosystem."

\n

Yang Sheng, deputy head of the National Medical Products Administration, said on Friday that the country's pharmaceutical sector is now the world's second-largest in terms of market size. "China will continue to support global clinical trials, faster launches of more foreign-invested new medicines in the five years to come," Yang said.

\n

Since the beginning of the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-25) period, China has approved 265 innovative medical devices, he said, adding that from January to July, the administration had cleared 50 innovative drugs and 49 innovative medical devices.

\n

The country has also accelerated approvals for pediatric medicines and treatments for rare diseases, with 387 pediatric drugs and 147 rare-disease medicines cleared during the period, effectively meeting the needs of key patient groups, he added.

\n

Looking ahead, Luo from the SAMR, said the administration will continue to advance fair and unified market regulation, and consistently enhance standardized, impartial and civil law enforcement — thereby contributing more to creating a market-oriented, law-based and internationalized business environment.

\n

chengyu@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "content": "

China is confident of creating a more unified, fair and innovative market during the upcoming 15th Five-Year Plan (2026-30) period, thanks to an improved business environment, upgraded quality standards and enhanced regulation on online platforms over the past five years, the country's top market regulator said on Friday.

\n

China's business environment has continued to improve since the launch of the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-25), thereby fully stimulating entrepreneurial vitality across society, Luo Wen, head of the State Administration for Market Regulation, or SAMR, said at a news conference highlighting the country's achievements during the period.

\n

The country recorded a net increase of approximately 34 million self-employed households and registered a net increase of almost 20 million enterprises during the same five-year period, Luo said, adding that the time needed to open a restaurant has shortened to 15 days from 37, and 204 innovative drugs have been approved during the half-decade.

\n

To effectively safeguard fair competition and market order, the administration has intensified its regulation on market monopolies, he said, adding that 3,400 merger cases have been concluded in sectors such as the platform economy and natural monopolies.

\n

During the five-year period, the administration has continuously optimized its regulatory mechanisms, Luo said, adding that efforts are underway to streamline approval procedures and reduce corporate costs.

\n

According to Luo, quality indicators have risen sharply over the past five years. Indices gauging manufacturing quality competitiveness, satisfaction with quality of life services and satisfaction with public services rose to 85.86, 81.33 and 81.62, respectively.

\n

To support this growth, China completed the first revision in 15 years of its anti-monopoly law and a third update of its anti-unfair competition law, strengthening competition policy as a legal pillar.

\n

Deng Zhiyong, deputy head of the SAMR, said that while digital technologies have spurred growth and new business models, risks such as online traffic manipulation, algorithm abuse and disorderly competition are emerging.

\n

The administration, thereby, has unveiled a draft guideline to tighten oversight over how e-commerce and online platforms charge merchants. The guideline seeks to standardize the way platforms collect commissions, membership fees, technical service charges, information fees and marketing expenses from merchants.

\n

Wang Xianlin, a member of the expert advisory group on the anti-monopoly commission of the State Council — the nation's Cabinet — said, "Such efforts are expected to bring greater transparency and structure to the way online trading platforms charge merchants, and will rebalance interests and rebuild a healthy platform ecosystem."

\n

Yang Sheng, deputy head of the National Medical Products Administration, said on Friday that the country's pharmaceutical sector is now the world's second-largest in terms of market size. "China will continue to support global clinical trials, faster launches of more foreign-invested new medicines in the five years to come," Yang said.

\n

Since the beginning of the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-25) period, China has approved 265 innovative medical devices, he said, adding that from January to July, the administration had cleared 50 innovative drugs and 49 innovative medical devices.

\n

The country has also accelerated approvals for pediatric medicines and treatments for rare diseases, with 387 pediatric drugs and 147 rare-disease medicines cleared during the period, effectively meeting the needs of key patient groups, he added.

\n

Looking ahead, Luo from the SAMR, said the administration will continue to advance fair and unified market regulation, and consistently enhance standardized, impartial and civil law enforcement — thereby contributing more to creating a market-oriented, law-based and internationalized business environment.

\n

chengyu@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_002_68a8e2bfed50ccabe15180bc.htm#002CHINA", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "c66bbb7ce90d39cec4e63d5cb4616e84", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "002CHINA - A-share rally draws global investors", - "description": "

While the A-share market has recently hit multiple new records, foreign investors remain optimistic about its performance in the coming months, increasing their exposure to Chinese equities in anticipation of further capital inflows and structural opportunities.

\n

The benchmark Shanghai Composite Index gained 1.45 percent on Friday to close at 3,825.76 points, its highest level in 10 years. The combined trading value on the Shanghai and Shenzhen exchanges approached 2.55 trillion yuan ($360 billion), surpassing the 2-trillion-yuan mark for the eighth consecutive trading day, and setting a new record for sustained high trading volume in the A-share market.

\n

Analysts from US investment bank Goldman Sachs said the rally is backed by more driving forces, as a significant amount of idle capital has yet to enter the market.

\n

Only 22 percent of Chinese household financial assets have been directed to funds and stocks, while over 10 trillion yuan is estimated to flow into the stock market, especially favoring small and mid-cap stocks, they said.

\n

The latest data from the People's Bank of China, the nation's central bank, showed that the balance of Chinese household savings declined significantly by 1.1 trillion yuan in July, while non-bank deposits surged by a record 2.14 trillion yuan. This suggests that residents have shifted their savings into securities accounts, or used them to purchase funds and wealth management products, industry experts said.

\n

Hong Hao, chief investment officer of the multi-asset offshore US dollar hedge fund Lotus Asset Management, said that many more stocks are participating in the current uptrend, ranging from mega caps such as traditional financial companies to small — and micro-cap stocks. As a result, the current rally is not driven by speculation and is likely to be more sustainable than previous ones, he said.

\n

International investors have acted quickly. According to data from Goldman Sachs' Prime Brokerage for hedge funds, China was the market receiving the largest net buying from global hedge funds in August, with 90 percent of them holding long positions in Chinese equities.

\n

Similarly, a Nomura report released on Wednesday showed that reducing exposure to Indian shares while reallocating capital to stocks listed in the Chinese mainland and Hong Kong has become a mainstream strategy among emerging market investors.

\n

As of Wednesday, South Korean investors had directed $5.8 billion toward trading Hong Kong stocks, according to the Korea Securities Depository. This amount has already surpassed the full-year total in 2024.

\n

Foreign investors' net increased holdings in Chinese onshore stocks and funds reached $18.8 billion in May and June, according to analysts from Soochow Securities. Foreign capital may continue to flow into the A-share market amid a weaker US dollar, they added.

\n

According to Johnny Yu, macro strategist at the US-based global investment firm Wellington Management, China delivered better-than-expected growth in the first half of this year, but investor sentiment has yet to catch up. He noted that investors have not paid sufficient attention to structural changes in areas such as new consumption and services, AI, robotics, automation, renewables, electrification, biotechnology, and high-end, high-value-added manufacturing.

\n

Major shifts have been taking place in China, including declining reliance on property, greater self-sufficiency and course corrections in industrial policy. Investors may be underestimating a still-positive growth story in China, Yu said.

\n

shijing@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "content": "

While the A-share market has recently hit multiple new records, foreign investors remain optimistic about its performance in the coming months, increasing their exposure to Chinese equities in anticipation of further capital inflows and structural opportunities.

\n

The benchmark Shanghai Composite Index gained 1.45 percent on Friday to close at 3,825.76 points, its highest level in 10 years. The combined trading value on the Shanghai and Shenzhen exchanges approached 2.55 trillion yuan ($360 billion), surpassing the 2-trillion-yuan mark for the eighth consecutive trading day, and setting a new record for sustained high trading volume in the A-share market.

\n

Analysts from US investment bank Goldman Sachs said the rally is backed by more driving forces, as a significant amount of idle capital has yet to enter the market.

\n

Only 22 percent of Chinese household financial assets have been directed to funds and stocks, while over 10 trillion yuan is estimated to flow into the stock market, especially favoring small and mid-cap stocks, they said.

\n

The latest data from the People's Bank of China, the nation's central bank, showed that the balance of Chinese household savings declined significantly by 1.1 trillion yuan in July, while non-bank deposits surged by a record 2.14 trillion yuan. This suggests that residents have shifted their savings into securities accounts, or used them to purchase funds and wealth management products, industry experts said.

\n

Hong Hao, chief investment officer of the multi-asset offshore US dollar hedge fund Lotus Asset Management, said that many more stocks are participating in the current uptrend, ranging from mega caps such as traditional financial companies to small — and micro-cap stocks. As a result, the current rally is not driven by speculation and is likely to be more sustainable than previous ones, he said.

\n

International investors have acted quickly. According to data from Goldman Sachs' Prime Brokerage for hedge funds, China was the market receiving the largest net buying from global hedge funds in August, with 90 percent of them holding long positions in Chinese equities.

\n

Similarly, a Nomura report released on Wednesday showed that reducing exposure to Indian shares while reallocating capital to stocks listed in the Chinese mainland and Hong Kong has become a mainstream strategy among emerging market investors.

\n

As of Wednesday, South Korean investors had directed $5.8 billion toward trading Hong Kong stocks, according to the Korea Securities Depository. This amount has already surpassed the full-year total in 2024.

\n

Foreign investors' net increased holdings in Chinese onshore stocks and funds reached $18.8 billion in May and June, according to analysts from Soochow Securities. Foreign capital may continue to flow into the A-share market amid a weaker US dollar, they added.

\n

According to Johnny Yu, macro strategist at the US-based global investment firm Wellington Management, China delivered better-than-expected growth in the first half of this year, but investor sentiment has yet to catch up. He noted that investors have not paid sufficient attention to structural changes in areas such as new consumption and services, AI, robotics, automation, renewables, electrification, biotechnology, and high-end, high-value-added manufacturing.

\n

Major shifts have been taking place in China, including declining reliance on property, greater self-sufficiency and course corrections in industrial policy. Investors may be underestimating a still-positive growth story in China, Yu said.

\n

shijing@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_002_68a8e2bfed50ccabe15180bd.htm#002CHINA", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "19052b31411a7a9da84cd93ff737e53a", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "004COMMENT - Ancient civilizations should adjust ties", - "description": "
\n

Later this month, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi will travel to Tianjin for the Shanghai Cooperation Organization Summit — his first visit to China since 2018. The symbolism will be closely watched. The two sides have taken some steps to improve bilateral ties. India said it has resumed issuing tourist visas to Chinese citizens from July 24, the first time in five years, and China said it has been in close communication with India to promote the early resumption of direct flights between the two countries.

\n

Individually, these may appear as small steps. But together, they signal something more meaningful: a tentative shift from guarded distance toward cautious re-engagement. And if we take the long-term view, this re-engagement is not simply political — it is profoundly civilizational.

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Too often, the India-China relationship is framed narrowly — in terms of border disputes, trade deficits, or strategic rivalry. Yet, long before any modern boundary was drawn, the two civilizations were bound together by the exchange of ideas, philosophies and spiritual traditions.

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Foremost among these was Buddhism — an Indian gift that took deep root in Chinese soil and grew into one of the major sources of traditional Chinese thoughts. According to ancient tradition, Emperor Ming, the second emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty (25-220), dreamt of a golden figure in the clouds. Believing it to be the Buddha, he dispatched envoys westward to seek its origin. They returned with sacred texts, relics and two monks from India, Kasyapa Matanga and Dharmaratna. The White Horse Temple in Luoyang — China's first Buddhist monastery — was born of that journey.

\n

Over the centuries, scholars such as Kumarajiva, Xuanzang, and Faxian undertook arduous journeys across mountains and deserts to translate, interpret and transmit vast collections of Buddhist texts. Their work enriched China's intellectual and spiritual life and, in turn, brought Chinese interpretations of Buddhism back to India and beyond. Even today, in the frescoes of Dunhuang, the carvings of Longmen, or the serene halls of Chinese temples, the Indian imprint remains — not as a faint historical footnote, but as an enduring testament to a partnership of the mind and spirit.

\n

With different political systems and modern history, China and India share deep-rooted values: respect for family and tradition, a belief in education as a path to self-cultivation, and a philosophical search for balance and harmony.

\n

Buddhism resonated so strongly in China precisely because it found common ground with Confucian ethics and Taoist principles. Concepts such as compassion, non-attachment, and the Middle Way harmonized with the Chinese ethos of moderation, moral conduct and societal harmony. The familiar chant "Namo Amituofo" in Chinese temples is a living bridge to India's ancient spiritual heritage.

\n

Seen through this lens, the two countries are not simply geographic neighbors — they are civilizational cousins whose shared heritage could form the bedrock for a more stable and cooperative future.

\n

In today's turbulent world, such cooperation is not merely desirable; it is essential. The international order is undergoing profound shifts — from rising protectionism in some Western countries to fragility in global supply chains and increasing geopolitical uncertainty. Both China and India, as major emerging economies and ancient civilizations, face similar external pressures, including attempts to contain their development.

\n

Recent trade moves by the United States have made this even clearer. Washington has announced a 50 percent tariff on Indian goods. The US administration has also imposed significant tariffs on Chinese exports, although they have been engaging in prolonged negotiations. While these actions may appear as setbacks, they could in fact be a boon in disguise for Beijing and New Delhi. The two nations can turn it into an opportunity by deepening economic cooperation, expanding bilateral trade, and jointly developing supply chains that reduce reliance on unpredictable Western markets.

\n

History shows that when Asia's two great civilizations stand apart, external forces tend to dominate the region's narrative. When they engage constructively, they can anchor stability not just for themselves, but for the broader Global South. In a multipolar world, Beijing and New Delhi have the opportunity — and arguably a responsibility — to work together to shape a balanced, inclusive and cooperative global order.

\n

Diplomatic breakthroughs often begin not in conference rooms but in cultural exchanges. The deep reservoir of shared history between China and India offers a unique form of "cultural statecraft" that can complement traditional diplomacy.

\n

As such, the two sides should consider organizing cultural events that focus on philosophy, meditation, and the ethics of sustainable development. Culture does not erase differences. But it can soften their sharpest edges, building mutual trust in ways that purely transactional diplomacy cannot.

\n

While cultural dialogue provides a strong foundation, economic cooperation can give it practical momentum.

\n

China is India's largest trading partner, and despite recent challenges, there is scope to expand collaboration in green technology, renewable energy, infrastructure development, and digital innovation.

\n

Joint ventures in clean energy could address shared concerns about climate change while generating employment and advancing technological capacity. And initiatives in health cooperation — from traditional medicine to modern pharmaceuticals — could deepen people-to-people trust.

\n

For such cooperation to succeed, both sides must ensure a level playing field and address each other's concerns frankly while avoiding the zerosum mentality that has too often shaped international interactions in recent years.

\n

Recalibrating the China-India relationship is not just about resolving disputes; it is also about recognizing a shared civilizational responsibility. In an era when the global order is in flux, constructive engagement between the two nations can serve as an anchor for Asia and an example of cooperation for the wider world.

\n

The views don't necessarily represent those of China Daily.

\n


获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", - "content": "
\n

Later this month, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi will travel to Tianjin for the Shanghai Cooperation Organization Summit — his first visit to China since 2018. The symbolism will be closely watched. The two sides have taken some steps to improve bilateral ties. India said it has resumed issuing tourist visas to Chinese citizens from July 24, the first time in five years, and China said it has been in close communication with India to promote the early resumption of direct flights between the two countries.

\n

Individually, these may appear as small steps. But together, they signal something more meaningful: a tentative shift from guarded distance toward cautious re-engagement. And if we take the long-term view, this re-engagement is not simply political — it is profoundly civilizational.

\n

Too often, the India-China relationship is framed narrowly — in terms of border disputes, trade deficits, or strategic rivalry. Yet, long before any modern boundary was drawn, the two civilizations were bound together by the exchange of ideas, philosophies and spiritual traditions.

\n

Foremost among these was Buddhism — an Indian gift that took deep root in Chinese soil and grew into one of the major sources of traditional Chinese thoughts. According to ancient tradition, Emperor Ming, the second emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty (25-220), dreamt of a golden figure in the clouds. Believing it to be the Buddha, he dispatched envoys westward to seek its origin. They returned with sacred texts, relics and two monks from India, Kasyapa Matanga and Dharmaratna. The White Horse Temple in Luoyang — China's first Buddhist monastery — was born of that journey.

\n

Over the centuries, scholars such as Kumarajiva, Xuanzang, and Faxian undertook arduous journeys across mountains and deserts to translate, interpret and transmit vast collections of Buddhist texts. Their work enriched China's intellectual and spiritual life and, in turn, brought Chinese interpretations of Buddhism back to India and beyond. Even today, in the frescoes of Dunhuang, the carvings of Longmen, or the serene halls of Chinese temples, the Indian imprint remains — not as a faint historical footnote, but as an enduring testament to a partnership of the mind and spirit.

\n

With different political systems and modern history, China and India share deep-rooted values: respect for family and tradition, a belief in education as a path to self-cultivation, and a philosophical search for balance and harmony.

\n

Buddhism resonated so strongly in China precisely because it found common ground with Confucian ethics and Taoist principles. Concepts such as compassion, non-attachment, and the Middle Way harmonized with the Chinese ethos of moderation, moral conduct and societal harmony. The familiar chant "Namo Amituofo" in Chinese temples is a living bridge to India's ancient spiritual heritage.

\n

Seen through this lens, the two countries are not simply geographic neighbors — they are civilizational cousins whose shared heritage could form the bedrock for a more stable and cooperative future.

\n

In today's turbulent world, such cooperation is not merely desirable; it is essential. The international order is undergoing profound shifts — from rising protectionism in some Western countries to fragility in global supply chains and increasing geopolitical uncertainty. Both China and India, as major emerging economies and ancient civilizations, face similar external pressures, including attempts to contain their development.

\n

Recent trade moves by the United States have made this even clearer. Washington has announced a 50 percent tariff on Indian goods. The US administration has also imposed significant tariffs on Chinese exports, although they have been engaging in prolonged negotiations. While these actions may appear as setbacks, they could in fact be a boon in disguise for Beijing and New Delhi. The two nations can turn it into an opportunity by deepening economic cooperation, expanding bilateral trade, and jointly developing supply chains that reduce reliance on unpredictable Western markets.

\n

History shows that when Asia's two great civilizations stand apart, external forces tend to dominate the region's narrative. When they engage constructively, they can anchor stability not just for themselves, but for the broader Global South. In a multipolar world, Beijing and New Delhi have the opportunity — and arguably a responsibility — to work together to shape a balanced, inclusive and cooperative global order.

\n

Diplomatic breakthroughs often begin not in conference rooms but in cultural exchanges. The deep reservoir of shared history between China and India offers a unique form of "cultural statecraft" that can complement traditional diplomacy.

\n

As such, the two sides should consider organizing cultural events that focus on philosophy, meditation, and the ethics of sustainable development. Culture does not erase differences. But it can soften their sharpest edges, building mutual trust in ways that purely transactional diplomacy cannot.

\n

While cultural dialogue provides a strong foundation, economic cooperation can give it practical momentum.

\n

China is India's largest trading partner, and despite recent challenges, there is scope to expand collaboration in green technology, renewable energy, infrastructure development, and digital innovation.

\n

Joint ventures in clean energy could address shared concerns about climate change while generating employment and advancing technological capacity. And initiatives in health cooperation — from traditional medicine to modern pharmaceuticals — could deepen people-to-people trust.

\n

For such cooperation to succeed, both sides must ensure a level playing field and address each other's concerns frankly while avoiding the zerosum mentality that has too often shaped international interactions in recent years.

\n

Recalibrating the China-India relationship is not just about resolving disputes; it is also about recognizing a shared civilizational responsibility. In an era when the global order is in flux, constructive engagement between the two nations can serve as an anchor for Asia and an example of cooperation for the wider world.

\n

The views don't necessarily represent those of China Daily.

\n


获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_004_68a8e2c4ed50ccabe15180bf.htm#004COMMENT", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "699bada1d1ba7f42d0a2515415c086c6", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "004COMMENT - From humanoids to parallel intelligence", - "description": "

Shanghai hosted the 2025 World Artificial Intelligence Conference and the High-Level Meeting on Global AI Governance last month. Earlier this month, Beijing played host to the World Robot Conference and the World Humanoid Robot Games — a dazzling display of China's technological energy, innovation and ambition in the era of "AIR", that is, AI plus robotics.

\n

From AI to embodied intelligence, these technologies are not just tools but also engines set to transform our world. Open, collaborative global development is one of the best ways intelligent science and technology can benefit humanity and help countries achieve sustainable growth.

\n

Tesla and SpaceX founder Elon Musk recently said: "The path to solving hunger, disease, and poverty is AI and robotics." But he was only half-right, because AIR represents only a new paradigm for human survival, a kind of "intelligent air" that sentient life cannot do without.

\n

The real showstopper is the humanoid robot. This was reflected at the World Humanoid Robot Games, which featured 26 events and 487 matches, with more than 500 humanoid robots from 127 brands.

\n

Teams from 16 countries across five continents, including 192 university squads and 88 corporate teams, competed in the games. According to the International Federation of Robotics' Aug 14, 2025, report, "Vision and Reality", humanoid robots are on track to become "the next big thing in robotics".

\n

China, as the world's largest industrial robotics market, has laid out concrete plans and targets, and begun large-scale production and application. The goals are clear: transformation of manufacturing, embedding robotic intelligence in society, and accelerating the rise of a knowledge-driven, intelligent industrial ecosystem.

\n

But behind the glittering spectacle lies serious engineering. Participants tested hardware platforms, multimodal perceptions, decision-making, execution control, communications and energy management. The arena featured a mix of jaw-dropping leaps, awkward tumbles and occasionally comical missteps. They reminded us that humanoid robotics remains a frontier field, full of experimentation and rapid evolution.

\n

The competition highlighted both the performance limits of individual machines and the immense promise of collaboration. To fully realize this potential, open, shared data and model coordination, cross-platform interaction and multi-robot collective intelligence are essential. And with the end of the games, these skills must migrate from the stadium to the real world — factories, hospitals and homes — where robots can continuously improve safety, adaptability and intelligence.

\n

The games were more than a tournament; they were parallel experiments in motion, bringing together AI computational experiments and embodied agents' prescriptive intelligence. The goal was not merely winning medals but also practical, scenario-driven deployment. Robotics divorced from real-world application risks stagnating in low-level, repetitive development.

\n

By testing humanoids under extremely challenging situations, the games publicly assessed motion control, environmental perception and autonomous navigation, embodying the ACP methodology of parallel intelligence: artificial societies plus computational experiments plus parallel execution. Every physical robot has a digital twin in the virtual world. Pre-game algorithm optimization counts as computational experiment; each graceful jump — or spectacular fall — feeds priceless real-world data. This feedback is prescriptive intelligence, guiding the next iteration toward smarter decisions and more effective actions.

\n

The games also acted as a prism, reflecting the broader ecosystem, economic dynamics and social impact of humanoid robotics. First, they showed that intense competition can expose the industry's Achilles' heel. When a robot falters due to the limit of a gearbox or servo motor, the failure is far more visceral than any report.

\n

Second, the games helped reassure investors, redirecting capital from abstract hype to tangible applications, and making sure that enterprises clear core technical bottlenecks and increase real-world deployment.

\n

Third, they proved that robots on the field are athletes, not sci-fi villains. They assuaged the fear that "machines would replace humans" and instead helped many realize the fact that robots will liberate humans from repetitive or dangerous tasks while creating new value and employment opportunities. One minute a robot nails a flawless kick, the next, it trips spectacularly — both moments teach us the importance of persistence, learning and continuous technological development.

\n

And fourth, the games raised a fundamental question: What does AIR really stand for? As scientists like Geoffrey Hinton caution, without careful guidance, AIR could serve capital rather than humanity. Beyond showcasing the "hard power" of robotics, the games provoke reflection on its soft power — policies, ethics and rules shaping its development. True intelligence is not measured by how fast a robot runs but by our ability to craft a safe, inclusive, and sustainable path through the parallel interaction of virtual and physical worlds.

\n

In this sense, the World Humanoid Robot Games are far more than a competition. They are a thought experiment in action, blending spectacle, strategy and social insight. They demonstrate China's leadership in shaping an AIR era that is not only technologically advanced but also ethically grounded, economically rational and socially beneficial — a world where robots will not replace humans but empower them, and where intelligent machines become a true extension of human capability.

\n

The views don't necessarily represent those of China Daily.

\n

", - "content": "

Shanghai hosted the 2025 World Artificial Intelligence Conference and the High-Level Meeting on Global AI Governance last month. Earlier this month, Beijing played host to the World Robot Conference and the World Humanoid Robot Games — a dazzling display of China's technological energy, innovation and ambition in the era of "AIR", that is, AI plus robotics.

\n

From AI to embodied intelligence, these technologies are not just tools but also engines set to transform our world. Open, collaborative global development is one of the best ways intelligent science and technology can benefit humanity and help countries achieve sustainable growth.

\n

Tesla and SpaceX founder Elon Musk recently said: "The path to solving hunger, disease, and poverty is AI and robotics." But he was only half-right, because AIR represents only a new paradigm for human survival, a kind of "intelligent air" that sentient life cannot do without.

\n

The real showstopper is the humanoid robot. This was reflected at the World Humanoid Robot Games, which featured 26 events and 487 matches, with more than 500 humanoid robots from 127 brands.

\n

Teams from 16 countries across five continents, including 192 university squads and 88 corporate teams, competed in the games. According to the International Federation of Robotics' Aug 14, 2025, report, "Vision and Reality", humanoid robots are on track to become "the next big thing in robotics".

\n

China, as the world's largest industrial robotics market, has laid out concrete plans and targets, and begun large-scale production and application. The goals are clear: transformation of manufacturing, embedding robotic intelligence in society, and accelerating the rise of a knowledge-driven, intelligent industrial ecosystem.

\n

But behind the glittering spectacle lies serious engineering. Participants tested hardware platforms, multimodal perceptions, decision-making, execution control, communications and energy management. The arena featured a mix of jaw-dropping leaps, awkward tumbles and occasionally comical missteps. They reminded us that humanoid robotics remains a frontier field, full of experimentation and rapid evolution.

\n

The competition highlighted both the performance limits of individual machines and the immense promise of collaboration. To fully realize this potential, open, shared data and model coordination, cross-platform interaction and multi-robot collective intelligence are essential. And with the end of the games, these skills must migrate from the stadium to the real world — factories, hospitals and homes — where robots can continuously improve safety, adaptability and intelligence.

\n

The games were more than a tournament; they were parallel experiments in motion, bringing together AI computational experiments and embodied agents' prescriptive intelligence. The goal was not merely winning medals but also practical, scenario-driven deployment. Robotics divorced from real-world application risks stagnating in low-level, repetitive development.

\n

By testing humanoids under extremely challenging situations, the games publicly assessed motion control, environmental perception and autonomous navigation, embodying the ACP methodology of parallel intelligence: artificial societies plus computational experiments plus parallel execution. Every physical robot has a digital twin in the virtual world. Pre-game algorithm optimization counts as computational experiment; each graceful jump — or spectacular fall — feeds priceless real-world data. This feedback is prescriptive intelligence, guiding the next iteration toward smarter decisions and more effective actions.

\n

The games also acted as a prism, reflecting the broader ecosystem, economic dynamics and social impact of humanoid robotics. First, they showed that intense competition can expose the industry's Achilles' heel. When a robot falters due to the limit of a gearbox or servo motor, the failure is far more visceral than any report.

\n

Second, the games helped reassure investors, redirecting capital from abstract hype to tangible applications, and making sure that enterprises clear core technical bottlenecks and increase real-world deployment.

\n

Third, they proved that robots on the field are athletes, not sci-fi villains. They assuaged the fear that "machines would replace humans" and instead helped many realize the fact that robots will liberate humans from repetitive or dangerous tasks while creating new value and employment opportunities. One minute a robot nails a flawless kick, the next, it trips spectacularly — both moments teach us the importance of persistence, learning and continuous technological development.

\n

And fourth, the games raised a fundamental question: What does AIR really stand for? As scientists like Geoffrey Hinton caution, without careful guidance, AIR could serve capital rather than humanity. Beyond showcasing the "hard power" of robotics, the games provoke reflection on its soft power — policies, ethics and rules shaping its development. True intelligence is not measured by how fast a robot runs but by our ability to craft a safe, inclusive, and sustainable path through the parallel interaction of virtual and physical worlds.

\n

In this sense, the World Humanoid Robot Games are far more than a competition. They are a thought experiment in action, blending spectacle, strategy and social insight. They demonstrate China's leadership in shaping an AIR era that is not only technologically advanced but also ethically grounded, economically rational and socially beneficial — a world where robots will not replace humans but empower them, and where intelligent machines become a true extension of human capability.

\n

The views don't necessarily represent those of China Daily.

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_004_68a8e2c8ed50ccabe15180c0.htm#004COMMENT", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "5fa50925174c2ded650c7598f777a41c", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "004COMMENT - China, Japan, ROK urgently need an FTA", - "description": "

\n

That China, Japan and the Republic of Korea face common challenges makes it imperative that they make joint efforts to finalize a China-Japan-ROK free trade agreement (FTA). A trilateral FTA will not only boost the development of the three countries in the next 10 to 20 years but also inject new vitality into the regional and global economies.

\n

Economic and trade cooperation among China, Japan and the ROK is at a critical juncture where "standing still means falling behind". Economic globalization led by the United States has failed, with unilateralism and trade protectionism becoming the mainstream in Washington's medium — and long-term policies.

\n

The US administration has adopted a strategy of "bilateral negotiations with unilateral pressure", which seriously violates the fundamental principles of the World Trade Organization and will most likely push the global economy toward the law of the jungle, significantly increasing the risk of fragmentation and disrupting China-Japan-ROK economic and trade cooperation.

\n

Therefore, China, Japan and the ROK should accelerate the negotiations on and sign an FTA. Ten years ago, when we discussed the feasibility of a China-EU free trade area with European Union think tanks, the EU was open to the idea of building a China-EU "Silk Road of Tomorrow". Back then, I said if we failed to seize the opportunity to sign a China-EU free trade agreement as soon as possible, the "Silk Road of Tomorrow" might turn into "a withered flower of yesterday".

\n

Regrettably, that prediction has come true. This is even more true for Northeast Asia. The more tense and turbulent the regional situation becomes, the more necessary it is for China, Japan and the ROK to establish close and stable cooperative relations. To prevent today's China-Japan-ROK FTA from becoming "a withered flower of yesterday", the three sides need to overcome the common regional challenges, adapt to the general trend of the global economy, and make the strategic decision to sign a trilateral FTA.

\n

Given the global changes, the finalization of a trilateral FTA is not only a pragmatic choice to safeguard the three sides' development interests, but also a key move to maintain the security and stability of regional industry and supply chains, and the free trade order.

\n

Trade in services has become the top priority of economic and trade cooperation among China, Japan and the ROK. As major Asian economies, the three countries not only drive global economic growth but also have huge potential for cooperation in trade in services.

\n

Trilateral cooperation in trade in services will create the largest growth point for the three countries' trade partnership and serve as a stable fulcrum for the upgrading and institutional synergy of Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership rules on trade in services.

\n

The three countries have significant complementarities in such fields as cross-border data processing, digital healthcare, financial technology and intelligent manufacturing. They can leverage the existing cooperation mechanisms to explore the establishment of channels for facilitating cross-border data flows and mechanisms for mutual recognition of digital platform standards, as well as for setting up pilot cooperation projects in fields such as digital healthcare, smart cities, and digital culture and tourism.

\n

The key lies in the three countries reaching consensus as soon as possible on market access, rule alignment and standards in services trade.

\n

Trade in services has become a key priority as well as a difficult factor in the negotiations on a trilateral FTA. Despite that, the competitive nature of the manufacturing sectors of the three countries has intensified, while their complementarity in the field of trade in services has continued to increase. In June this year, while heading a fact-finding team to the ROK, I learned that the country's main request on China's opening-up lies in the services sector, including performing arts and medical aesthetics. Along with China's important measures for voluntary and unilateral opening-up, the complementarity potential in trade in services among the three countries will be transformed into a real growth momentum. But for that, the three sides need to resolve the differences over trade in services and reach a high-level trilateral FTA with trade in services as a priority.

\n

The signing of an FTA by China, Japan and the ROK as soon as possible will play a key role in building a large regional market and upgrading the RCEP. Regional economic integration with free trade as the main thread is becoming the primary facilitator of globalization. This feature will become more prominent in the next five to 10 years.

\n

In the face of the challenges posed by trade protectionism, the process of regional economic integration has accelerated, and the number of regional trade agreements has surged. To adapt to the general trend of regional economic integration, China, Japan and the ROK need to formulate higher-level economic and trade cooperation rules on the basis of the RCEP.

\n

The RCEP is at a critical juncture of upgrading, from version 1.0 of "the largest in scale" to version 2.0 of "higher in level". China, Japan and the ROK are the bellwethers of the RCEP and will play important roles in leading the RCEP toward version 2.0.

\n

The signing of a trilateral FTA will help build a unified large market in the RCEP region. In 2024, the combined economic size of China, Japan and the ROK was $24.64 trillion, equivalent to 84.43 percent of the US' economy, and accounted for 22.13 percent of the global total and 80.43 percent of the total of the RCEP region.

\n

After the signing of a China-Japan-ROK FTA, the implementation of high-level economic and trade rules in fields such as digital economy, intellectual property rights and competition policy can provide rules, and institutional and market support for the upgrading of the RCEP, boost the construction of a unified large regional market, and emerge as a new driver of the global economy.

\n

The views don't necessarily represent those of China Daily.

\n

", - "content": "

\n

That China, Japan and the Republic of Korea face common challenges makes it imperative that they make joint efforts to finalize a China-Japan-ROK free trade agreement (FTA). A trilateral FTA will not only boost the development of the three countries in the next 10 to 20 years but also inject new vitality into the regional and global economies.

\n

Economic and trade cooperation among China, Japan and the ROK is at a critical juncture where "standing still means falling behind". Economic globalization led by the United States has failed, with unilateralism and trade protectionism becoming the mainstream in Washington's medium — and long-term policies.

\n

The US administration has adopted a strategy of "bilateral negotiations with unilateral pressure", which seriously violates the fundamental principles of the World Trade Organization and will most likely push the global economy toward the law of the jungle, significantly increasing the risk of fragmentation and disrupting China-Japan-ROK economic and trade cooperation.

\n

Therefore, China, Japan and the ROK should accelerate the negotiations on and sign an FTA. Ten years ago, when we discussed the feasibility of a China-EU free trade area with European Union think tanks, the EU was open to the idea of building a China-EU "Silk Road of Tomorrow". Back then, I said if we failed to seize the opportunity to sign a China-EU free trade agreement as soon as possible, the "Silk Road of Tomorrow" might turn into "a withered flower of yesterday".

\n

Regrettably, that prediction has come true. This is even more true for Northeast Asia. The more tense and turbulent the regional situation becomes, the more necessary it is for China, Japan and the ROK to establish close and stable cooperative relations. To prevent today's China-Japan-ROK FTA from becoming "a withered flower of yesterday", the three sides need to overcome the common regional challenges, adapt to the general trend of the global economy, and make the strategic decision to sign a trilateral FTA.

\n

Given the global changes, the finalization of a trilateral FTA is not only a pragmatic choice to safeguard the three sides' development interests, but also a key move to maintain the security and stability of regional industry and supply chains, and the free trade order.

\n

Trade in services has become the top priority of economic and trade cooperation among China, Japan and the ROK. As major Asian economies, the three countries not only drive global economic growth but also have huge potential for cooperation in trade in services.

\n

Trilateral cooperation in trade in services will create the largest growth point for the three countries' trade partnership and serve as a stable fulcrum for the upgrading and institutional synergy of Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership rules on trade in services.

\n

The three countries have significant complementarities in such fields as cross-border data processing, digital healthcare, financial technology and intelligent manufacturing. They can leverage the existing cooperation mechanisms to explore the establishment of channels for facilitating cross-border data flows and mechanisms for mutual recognition of digital platform standards, as well as for setting up pilot cooperation projects in fields such as digital healthcare, smart cities, and digital culture and tourism.

\n

The key lies in the three countries reaching consensus as soon as possible on market access, rule alignment and standards in services trade.

\n

Trade in services has become a key priority as well as a difficult factor in the negotiations on a trilateral FTA. Despite that, the competitive nature of the manufacturing sectors of the three countries has intensified, while their complementarity in the field of trade in services has continued to increase. In June this year, while heading a fact-finding team to the ROK, I learned that the country's main request on China's opening-up lies in the services sector, including performing arts and medical aesthetics. Along with China's important measures for voluntary and unilateral opening-up, the complementarity potential in trade in services among the three countries will be transformed into a real growth momentum. But for that, the three sides need to resolve the differences over trade in services and reach a high-level trilateral FTA with trade in services as a priority.

\n

The signing of an FTA by China, Japan and the ROK as soon as possible will play a key role in building a large regional market and upgrading the RCEP. Regional economic integration with free trade as the main thread is becoming the primary facilitator of globalization. This feature will become more prominent in the next five to 10 years.

\n

In the face of the challenges posed by trade protectionism, the process of regional economic integration has accelerated, and the number of regional trade agreements has surged. To adapt to the general trend of regional economic integration, China, Japan and the ROK need to formulate higher-level economic and trade cooperation rules on the basis of the RCEP.

\n

The RCEP is at a critical juncture of upgrading, from version 1.0 of "the largest in scale" to version 2.0 of "higher in level". China, Japan and the ROK are the bellwethers of the RCEP and will play important roles in leading the RCEP toward version 2.0.

\n

The signing of a trilateral FTA will help build a unified large market in the RCEP region. In 2024, the combined economic size of China, Japan and the ROK was $24.64 trillion, equivalent to 84.43 percent of the US' economy, and accounted for 22.13 percent of the global total and 80.43 percent of the total of the RCEP region.

\n

After the signing of a China-Japan-ROK FTA, the implementation of high-level economic and trade rules in fields such as digital economy, intellectual property rights and competition policy can provide rules, and institutional and market support for the upgrading of the RCEP, boost the construction of a unified large regional market, and emerge as a new driver of the global economy.

\n

The views don't necessarily represent those of China Daily.

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_004_68a8e2cded50ccabe15180c1.htm#004COMMENT", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "4fe488251ed67c7843931d13ee7b3b54", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "005BUSINESS - AIGC set to reshape select industries", - "description": "
\n

Chinese tech heavyweight Baidu Inc is doubling down on artificial intelligence-powered video generation models, as fast-growing AI-generated content is reshaping the landscape of short video, film, animation and advertising industries.

\n

Experts said image-to-video generators will improve the quality and efficiency of video generation and significantly reduce the production costs of video, while creating new business opportunities for online searches, cloud computing and the content ecosystem.

\n

Baidu has launched its updated AI-driven video generation model MuseSteamer 2.0, which is designed to empower businesses with the ability to create high-quality and synchronized audiovisual content from simple image inputs and prompts.

\n

Featuring computer vision and natural language processing capacities, the model is able to generate multiple voices and videos simultaneously and overlay realistic ambient sounds with dialogue from various characters, lowering the barrier to premium video production for businesses and content creators.

\n

The company said robust application demands from various commercial scenarios are driving the speedy development of video generation models, and the emergence of AIGC has greatly bolstered multimodal content creation with broad application prospects in fields such as marketing, as well as film and television creation.

\n

The move comes as Baidu aims to carve out a niche in China's growing enterprise-level AI services market, where demand for multimedia content creation tools is rapidly rising.

\n

"AIGC-related technologies will improve the productivity of content production, but the process of developing image-to-video generation models necessitates higher requirements for computing capacity, algorithms and high-quality data," said Pan Helin, a member of the Expert Committee for Information and Communication Economy, which is under the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology.

\n

Chinese tech companies should beef up self-developed and proprietary abilities in underlying computing power chips and programming software, as well as step up investments in basic scientific research, to catch up with foreign counterparts in the AI chatbot race, he said.

\n

Noting that talent, data and computing power are key to image-to-video generation models, Pan added that more efforts are needed to bolster the efficient circulation of data elements, try to achieve breakthroughs in key technologies and expand application scenarios of video generation models in a wider range of segments.

\n

Chen Duan, director of the Digital Economy Integration Innovation Development Center at the Central University of Finance and Economics, said AIGC will unleash people's demand for tools that can help them express their creativity and drive the evolution of commercial models in content production.

\n

Chen said the multimodal large language model, which possesses the ability to generate high-resolution video clips based on given prompts, is an undeniable future development direction for AI technology.

\n

AIGC will lead to a new revolution in the field of digital content production and boost innovation in the digital culture industry, Chen said, adding that although AIGC is still nascent, she is bullish on its prospects.

\n

Other Chinese tech companies are accelerating steps to launch video generators. Video-sharing platform Kuaishou Technology has updated its video generation model Kling that can mimic the physical world and create imaginative scenes from text instructions, while ByteDance has unveiled its AI model for text-to-video generation.

\n

Experts said the text-to-video or image-to-video AI models will further propel China's investment in computing infrastructure, such as data centers and cloud computing platforms, and boost the integration and upgrade in China's AI industrial chain.

\n

Global market research firm International Data Corp said the scale of China's AI market is expected to reach $26.44 billion in 2026, with a compound annual growth rate of over 20 percent between 2021 and 2026.

\n

While there are many positives, the use of such models raises concerns about ethics, copyright protection, personal privacy leakage and data security.

\n

How to ensure the authenticity and transparency of the content has become an important issue, and more efforts are needed to formulate rules and regulations to ensure the healthy development of such technology, said Liu Xingliang, director of the Beijing-based Data Center of China Internet.

\n

fanfeifei@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "content": "
\n

Chinese tech heavyweight Baidu Inc is doubling down on artificial intelligence-powered video generation models, as fast-growing AI-generated content is reshaping the landscape of short video, film, animation and advertising industries.

\n

Experts said image-to-video generators will improve the quality and efficiency of video generation and significantly reduce the production costs of video, while creating new business opportunities for online searches, cloud computing and the content ecosystem.

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Baidu has launched its updated AI-driven video generation model MuseSteamer 2.0, which is designed to empower businesses with the ability to create high-quality and synchronized audiovisual content from simple image inputs and prompts.

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Featuring computer vision and natural language processing capacities, the model is able to generate multiple voices and videos simultaneously and overlay realistic ambient sounds with dialogue from various characters, lowering the barrier to premium video production for businesses and content creators.

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The company said robust application demands from various commercial scenarios are driving the speedy development of video generation models, and the emergence of AIGC has greatly bolstered multimodal content creation with broad application prospects in fields such as marketing, as well as film and television creation.

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The move comes as Baidu aims to carve out a niche in China's growing enterprise-level AI services market, where demand for multimedia content creation tools is rapidly rising.

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"AIGC-related technologies will improve the productivity of content production, but the process of developing image-to-video generation models necessitates higher requirements for computing capacity, algorithms and high-quality data," said Pan Helin, a member of the Expert Committee for Information and Communication Economy, which is under the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology.

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Chinese tech companies should beef up self-developed and proprietary abilities in underlying computing power chips and programming software, as well as step up investments in basic scientific research, to catch up with foreign counterparts in the AI chatbot race, he said.

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Noting that talent, data and computing power are key to image-to-video generation models, Pan added that more efforts are needed to bolster the efficient circulation of data elements, try to achieve breakthroughs in key technologies and expand application scenarios of video generation models in a wider range of segments.

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Chen Duan, director of the Digital Economy Integration Innovation Development Center at the Central University of Finance and Economics, said AIGC will unleash people's demand for tools that can help them express their creativity and drive the evolution of commercial models in content production.

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Chen said the multimodal large language model, which possesses the ability to generate high-resolution video clips based on given prompts, is an undeniable future development direction for AI technology.

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AIGC will lead to a new revolution in the field of digital content production and boost innovation in the digital culture industry, Chen said, adding that although AIGC is still nascent, she is bullish on its prospects.

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Other Chinese tech companies are accelerating steps to launch video generators. Video-sharing platform Kuaishou Technology has updated its video generation model Kling that can mimic the physical world and create imaginative scenes from text instructions, while ByteDance has unveiled its AI model for text-to-video generation.

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Experts said the text-to-video or image-to-video AI models will further propel China's investment in computing infrastructure, such as data centers and cloud computing platforms, and boost the integration and upgrade in China's AI industrial chain.

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Global market research firm International Data Corp said the scale of China's AI market is expected to reach $26.44 billion in 2026, with a compound annual growth rate of over 20 percent between 2021 and 2026.

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While there are many positives, the use of such models raises concerns about ethics, copyright protection, personal privacy leakage and data security.

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How to ensure the authenticity and transparency of the content has become an important issue, and more efforts are needed to formulate rules and regulations to ensure the healthy development of such technology, said Liu Xingliang, director of the Beijing-based Data Center of China Internet.

\n

fanfeifei@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_005_68a8e2d1ed50ccabe15180c2.htm#005BUSINESS", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "6f8ac39039007655a5c93b31474fee67", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "005BUSINESS - Briefly", - "description": "

China issues rules on rare earth production

\n

China released on Friday interim measures for the management of its rare earth mining, smelting and separation activities. Rare earth production enterprises should establish a tracking system for the flow of rare earth products and accurately record the flow information of these products, according to the rules.

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Drone fleet helping fortify grid safety

\n

Chinese power operators are making more innovations to fortify grid safety. Staffers from State Grid Suqian in Jiangsu province have expanded its fleet of DJI drones to serve as "sky eyes" to inspect transmission lines and substations. Since establishing its Unmanned-Aerial-Vehicle Operations Center last August, the utility has continuously expanded the number of drones, which can follow preplanned routes to inspect power equipment and livestream high-definition images and infrared data to enhance power safety. Able to cover a 3-kilometer radius, each drone is equipped with a millimeter-wave radar and lowlight fish-eye sensors, allowing for centimeter-level obstacle avoidance around conductors.

\n

", - "content": "

China issues rules on rare earth production

\n

China released on Friday interim measures for the management of its rare earth mining, smelting and separation activities. Rare earth production enterprises should establish a tracking system for the flow of rare earth products and accurately record the flow information of these products, according to the rules.

\n

Drone fleet helping fortify grid safety

\n

Chinese power operators are making more innovations to fortify grid safety. Staffers from State Grid Suqian in Jiangsu province have expanded its fleet of DJI drones to serve as "sky eyes" to inspect transmission lines and substations. Since establishing its Unmanned-Aerial-Vehicle Operations Center last August, the utility has continuously expanded the number of drones, which can follow preplanned routes to inspect power equipment and livestream high-definition images and infrared data to enhance power safety. Able to cover a 3-kilometer radius, each drone is equipped with a millimeter-wave radar and lowlight fish-eye sensors, allowing for centimeter-level obstacle avoidance around conductors.

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_005_68a8e2d5ed50ccabe15180c3.htm#005BUSINESS", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "85342ad186d7a0973a9c5d5ff185da91", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "005BUSINESS - Robot chefs cut costs, boost efficiency", - "description": "

Visitors to Robot Mall, a store showcasing embodied intelligent humanoid robots in Beijing's E-Town — the city's leading hub of innovation — watch the demonstration of a robot chef on Aug 8.

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Robot chefs are gaining in popularity, on the back of significant cost-effectiveness and excellent quality control.

\n

Robot chefs are not a new concept. For example, the Changsha-based restaurant franchise Bawan uses such robots in its outlets. So far, Bawan has opened over 500 outlets, which have all deployed self-developed robots to cook food. According to its official website, these have now been updated to the third generation.

\n

Xiaocaiyuan, a Hong Kong-listed restaurant specializing in Anhui cuisine, deployed robotic cooks in some of its outlets as early as 2023.

\n

According to the prospectus released by Xiaocaiyuan before its listing, a portion of the funds raised from the public flotation will be used to purchase 3,000 such robots, with a unit price of 50,000 yuan ($6,972) per robot and an estimated total cost of 150 million yuan.

\n

The purchase quantity of 3,000 robot chefs, based on the current number of its over 600 stores, means that on average, each Xiaocaiyuan outlet will deploy about five of these robots.

\n

Several franchise restaurants are also deploying robot chefs, including Nonggengji Hunan Native Cuisine, Jin Ding Xuan, Beijing Micun Technology Co, CSC Group, and Nanchengxiang. They are able to cook highly standardized dishes such as Yuxiang shredded pork, fried eggs with tomato, and Kung Pao Chicken.

\n

Do these cooks really save money? Take Xunxiangdidai, a restaurant that serves Anhui cuisine, as an example. According to the Hongcan Industry Research Institute, by using intelligent devices and traditional stoves, robot chefs shoulder half of the stir-frying jobs, saving up to 60 percent in salaries. Normally, a kitchen needs two human chefs, and their salaries add up to around 18,000 yuan. Robot chefs can, however, operate five to six stoves at a time, greatly cutting down on salaries.

\n

Wang Peng, an associate research fellow at the Beijing Academy of Social Sciences, said: "The labor cost of the catering industry continues to rise, and stir-frying robots can significantly reduce salaries and social security expenses of chefs. Long-term operation can significantly reduce overall costs. At the same time, its efficient operation can improve meal delivery speed, increase the number of customers served per unit time, and thereby increase restaurant revenue."

\n

In addition, robot chefs are able to accurately execute preset programs for cooking, strictly control the heat, seasoning dosage, and meal preparation time, ensuring stable and consistent taste and quality of dishes, which is conducive to shaping a unified brand image for chain catering, and enhancing consumer trust and recognition of the brand, he said.

\n

The current fast-paced lifestyle of consumers requires high efficiency in serving meals. The fast-serving feature of stir-frying robots can meet the demand for instant dining, and has great potential in the fast food and takeaway fields.

\n

Moreover, it conforms to the trend of digital and intelligent transformation of the catering industry, and can deeply integrate with restaurant management systems to optimize operational processes, he added.

\n

Guo Tao, individual angel investor and an expert in the artificial intelligence sector, said: "Although the prospects of robotic cooks are bright, the road ahead is full of challenges. At present, it is difficult to accurately replicate the unique taste and personalized flavor of Chinese cooking at the technical level, and significant breakthroughs are needed in the research and development of complex dishes. In terms of economic costs, high equipment purchase and maintenance costs have deterred many small and medium-sized catering businesses. In the field of health and safety, improper cleaning and disinfection of equipment can easily lead to health hazards."

\n

In addition, the operational programming of the robot chefs requires high digital skills from employees, which undoubtedly increases the difficulty and cost of employee training. How to improve cooking efficiency while also optimizing the taste experience has become the key to whether it can fully replace manual labor, he said.

\n

zhengyiran@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "content": "

Visitors to Robot Mall, a store showcasing embodied intelligent humanoid robots in Beijing's E-Town — the city's leading hub of innovation — watch the demonstration of a robot chef on Aug 8.

\n

Robot chefs are gaining in popularity, on the back of significant cost-effectiveness and excellent quality control.

\n

Robot chefs are not a new concept. For example, the Changsha-based restaurant franchise Bawan uses such robots in its outlets. So far, Bawan has opened over 500 outlets, which have all deployed self-developed robots to cook food. According to its official website, these have now been updated to the third generation.

\n

Xiaocaiyuan, a Hong Kong-listed restaurant specializing in Anhui cuisine, deployed robotic cooks in some of its outlets as early as 2023.

\n

According to the prospectus released by Xiaocaiyuan before its listing, a portion of the funds raised from the public flotation will be used to purchase 3,000 such robots, with a unit price of 50,000 yuan ($6,972) per robot and an estimated total cost of 150 million yuan.

\n

The purchase quantity of 3,000 robot chefs, based on the current number of its over 600 stores, means that on average, each Xiaocaiyuan outlet will deploy about five of these robots.

\n

Several franchise restaurants are also deploying robot chefs, including Nonggengji Hunan Native Cuisine, Jin Ding Xuan, Beijing Micun Technology Co, CSC Group, and Nanchengxiang. They are able to cook highly standardized dishes such as Yuxiang shredded pork, fried eggs with tomato, and Kung Pao Chicken.

\n

Do these cooks really save money? Take Xunxiangdidai, a restaurant that serves Anhui cuisine, as an example. According to the Hongcan Industry Research Institute, by using intelligent devices and traditional stoves, robot chefs shoulder half of the stir-frying jobs, saving up to 60 percent in salaries. Normally, a kitchen needs two human chefs, and their salaries add up to around 18,000 yuan. Robot chefs can, however, operate five to six stoves at a time, greatly cutting down on salaries.

\n

Wang Peng, an associate research fellow at the Beijing Academy of Social Sciences, said: "The labor cost of the catering industry continues to rise, and stir-frying robots can significantly reduce salaries and social security expenses of chefs. Long-term operation can significantly reduce overall costs. At the same time, its efficient operation can improve meal delivery speed, increase the number of customers served per unit time, and thereby increase restaurant revenue."

\n

In addition, robot chefs are able to accurately execute preset programs for cooking, strictly control the heat, seasoning dosage, and meal preparation time, ensuring stable and consistent taste and quality of dishes, which is conducive to shaping a unified brand image for chain catering, and enhancing consumer trust and recognition of the brand, he said.

\n

The current fast-paced lifestyle of consumers requires high efficiency in serving meals. The fast-serving feature of stir-frying robots can meet the demand for instant dining, and has great potential in the fast food and takeaway fields.

\n

Moreover, it conforms to the trend of digital and intelligent transformation of the catering industry, and can deeply integrate with restaurant management systems to optimize operational processes, he added.

\n

Guo Tao, individual angel investor and an expert in the artificial intelligence sector, said: "Although the prospects of robotic cooks are bright, the road ahead is full of challenges. At present, it is difficult to accurately replicate the unique taste and personalized flavor of Chinese cooking at the technical level, and significant breakthroughs are needed in the research and development of complex dishes. In terms of economic costs, high equipment purchase and maintenance costs have deterred many small and medium-sized catering businesses. In the field of health and safety, improper cleaning and disinfection of equipment can easily lead to health hazards."

\n

In addition, the operational programming of the robot chefs requires high digital skills from employees, which undoubtedly increases the difficulty and cost of employee training. How to improve cooking efficiency while also optimizing the taste experience has become the key to whether it can fully replace manual labor, he said.

\n

zhengyiran@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_005_68a8e2daed50ccabe15180c4.htm#005BUSINESS", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "fbe8bd2359a2812e5bbed7e3f5678885", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "005BUSINESS - Surge in Dehua's porcelain exports", - "description": "

A designer paints colors on a porcelain figurine at a workshop in Dehua county, Fujian province, on Aug 20.

\n

Porcelain makers in Dehua, a county in Quanzhou, East China's Fujian province, are busily shipping porcelain crafts and figurines in the shape of pumpkins, cartoon characters and Christmas trees overseas for the upcoming Halloween and Christmas holidays, as international clients place advance orders for these annual events.

\n

Summer is the peak season for shipping, with porcelain products usually delivered to Xiamen, Fujian, first for Customs clearance before being shipped to overseas purchasers, local companies said.

\n

Dehua is China's largest base for the production and export of porcelain products. The products made locally have been exported to more than 190 countries and regions, according to the porcelain development center of Dehua.

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In the first seven months of this year, the export value of porcelain from Dehua totaled 2.14 billion yuan ($298 million), up 5.06 percent year-on-year, the center said.

\n

Quanzhou Shunmei Group Co, a major porcelain maker in Dehua, said that it has exported products to more than 100 countries, with exports accounting for 60 to 70 percent of its total business volume. Customers include Walmart, Universal Pictures and Starbucks.

\n

The tariff disputes between China and the United States have had a certain impact on its export business to the US, while demand from Europe, especially the United Kingdom and Germany, remains robust, the company said.

\n

"We have been cooperating with some major global corporations for a long time, and we make products for them on an order-based system. We have more than 100 designers at the company," said Zheng Pengfei, general manager of Shunmei Group.

\n

"The trade disputes are still having some impact on us. While stabilizing exports, we will continue to expand the domestic market," Zheng said.

\n

Looking back at history, Quanzhou was the starting point of the ancient Maritime Silk Road. In the Song and Yuan dynasties (960-1368), porcelain gradually became the main goods of export.

\n

Now in Dehua, more than 100,000 people are engaged in work related to porcelain and the number accounts for one-third of the county's total population. So far, the county has set up 54 porcelain promotion and exhibition centers in major cities of markets participating in the Belt and Road Initiative, according to the center.

\n

"Dehua has over 4,500 porcelain enterprises, and they have been involved in the production of three major types of products, which are artistic porcelain for export, daily-use porcelain like tableware and tea utensils, as well as porcelain carving works by masters," said Kou Wanqiong, deputy director of the center.

\n

Meanwhile, the county has continued to innovate the sector with advanced technologies. It has launched a research institute that focuses on the research of new materials for making porcelain and has also built the world's first 5G smart factory for producing daily-use porcelain.

\n

Contact the writers at zhuwenqian@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "content": "

A designer paints colors on a porcelain figurine at a workshop in Dehua county, Fujian province, on Aug 20.

\n

Porcelain makers in Dehua, a county in Quanzhou, East China's Fujian province, are busily shipping porcelain crafts and figurines in the shape of pumpkins, cartoon characters and Christmas trees overseas for the upcoming Halloween and Christmas holidays, as international clients place advance orders for these annual events.

\n

Summer is the peak season for shipping, with porcelain products usually delivered to Xiamen, Fujian, first for Customs clearance before being shipped to overseas purchasers, local companies said.

\n

Dehua is China's largest base for the production and export of porcelain products. The products made locally have been exported to more than 190 countries and regions, according to the porcelain development center of Dehua.

\n

In the first seven months of this year, the export value of porcelain from Dehua totaled 2.14 billion yuan ($298 million), up 5.06 percent year-on-year, the center said.

\n

Quanzhou Shunmei Group Co, a major porcelain maker in Dehua, said that it has exported products to more than 100 countries, with exports accounting for 60 to 70 percent of its total business volume. Customers include Walmart, Universal Pictures and Starbucks.

\n

The tariff disputes between China and the United States have had a certain impact on its export business to the US, while demand from Europe, especially the United Kingdom and Germany, remains robust, the company said.

\n

"We have been cooperating with some major global corporations for a long time, and we make products for them on an order-based system. We have more than 100 designers at the company," said Zheng Pengfei, general manager of Shunmei Group.

\n

"The trade disputes are still having some impact on us. While stabilizing exports, we will continue to expand the domestic market," Zheng said.

\n

Looking back at history, Quanzhou was the starting point of the ancient Maritime Silk Road. In the Song and Yuan dynasties (960-1368), porcelain gradually became the main goods of export.

\n

Now in Dehua, more than 100,000 people are engaged in work related to porcelain and the number accounts for one-third of the county's total population. So far, the county has set up 54 porcelain promotion and exhibition centers in major cities of markets participating in the Belt and Road Initiative, according to the center.

\n

"Dehua has over 4,500 porcelain enterprises, and they have been involved in the production of three major types of products, which are artistic porcelain for export, daily-use porcelain like tableware and tea utensils, as well as porcelain carving works by masters," said Kou Wanqiong, deputy director of the center.

\n

Meanwhile, the county has continued to innovate the sector with advanced technologies. It has launched a research institute that focuses on the research of new materials for making porcelain and has also built the world's first 5G smart factory for producing daily-use porcelain.

\n

Contact the writers at zhuwenqian@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_005_68a8e2deed50ccabe15180c5.htm#005BUSINESS", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "a9ed2c851953283743df0c44b62f20b4", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "005BUSINESS - Pet funeral services giving succor to owners", - "description": "
\n

From engraved paw prints to farewell ceremonies, a growing number of Chinese pet owners are seeking meaningful ways to say goodbye to their companions.

\n

By June, China had more than 8,000 registered enterprises engaged in pet funeral services, with nearly 70 percent of these established within the past three years, according to business data platform Qichacha.

\n

This is a reflection of the fact that for many owners, pets are no longer just animals but family members.

\n

A research report on China's pet funeral market (2022-29) released by marketplace data provider Insight and Info found that over 80 percent of Chinese pet owners now regard their pets as family.

\n

"I used to think holding a funeral for pets was unnecessary when I saw such stories online," said a Beijing-based pet owner surnamed Guo. "But after raising two cats myself, I realized that rituals are not about showing others — it's about giving your own heart a place to rest. Because to me, they are family."

\n

The emotional attachment has directly shaped consumer demand — when pets pass away, 60.4 percent of owners would like to choose a farewell service, while 56.3 percent emphasize appearance preservation, according to a 2024 China pet care white paper published by the Western Institute of Pet Life Science.

\n

Generally, most pet funeral services start with basic cleaning and cremation, typically priced according to the animal's size and weight. Additional offerings often include urns, paw-print keepsakes, portraits, or sculptures.

\n

For example, at Theta Land, a Beijing-based pet aftercare services provider, the average cost ranges from 1,500 yuan ($209) to 2,000 yuan, including farewell rituals, grooming, and cremation, with final rates adjusted by pet weight, said Li Lixin, founder of the company.

\n

As a Taiwan resident now settled in Beijing, Li said she often went back for training during the early days of her business, as the pet aftercare industry there had developed earlier than the Chinese mainland.

\n

"I wanted to bring that experience back to the mainland," she explained.

\n

"The Chinese people, myself included, often avoid talking much about death because of fear or taboo," Li said. "Pet aftercare services have helped me learn how to face death and handle it. I believe that when you truly understand something, you no longer fear it."

\n

Li believes that the domestic market remains in its early stages, with both service quality and consumer awareness still developing. "Once acceptance broadens, the niche sector will unlock enormous potential for the next three to five years," she said.

\n

With rising pet ownership and growing demand for diverse services, the pet funeral market is expected to reach 5 billion yuan in 2025 and surpass 10 billion yuan by the end of 2030, making it one of the fastest-growing segments of the pet industry, according to a report by market information platform ChinaIRN.

\n

Alongside market expansion, standardization has also gained momentum. The launch meeting for the drafting of professional skill evaluation standards for pet funeral specialists, organized by the vocational skill appraisal and guidance center of the All China Federation of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives, was held in Beijing in June.

\n

"The meeting marked a solid and crucial step toward professionalization and standardization in China's pet funeral service industry," said Liang Shengming, an official from the center.

\n

Industry experts also emphasized the need to strengthen regulations, suggesting that the pet aftercare industry should adopt environmentally responsible practices and establish clear governance mechanisms across multiple authorities.

\n

lijiaying@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "content": "
\n

From engraved paw prints to farewell ceremonies, a growing number of Chinese pet owners are seeking meaningful ways to say goodbye to their companions.

\n

By June, China had more than 8,000 registered enterprises engaged in pet funeral services, with nearly 70 percent of these established within the past three years, according to business data platform Qichacha.

\n

This is a reflection of the fact that for many owners, pets are no longer just animals but family members.

\n

A research report on China's pet funeral market (2022-29) released by marketplace data provider Insight and Info found that over 80 percent of Chinese pet owners now regard their pets as family.

\n

"I used to think holding a funeral for pets was unnecessary when I saw such stories online," said a Beijing-based pet owner surnamed Guo. "But after raising two cats myself, I realized that rituals are not about showing others — it's about giving your own heart a place to rest. Because to me, they are family."

\n

The emotional attachment has directly shaped consumer demand — when pets pass away, 60.4 percent of owners would like to choose a farewell service, while 56.3 percent emphasize appearance preservation, according to a 2024 China pet care white paper published by the Western Institute of Pet Life Science.

\n

Generally, most pet funeral services start with basic cleaning and cremation, typically priced according to the animal's size and weight. Additional offerings often include urns, paw-print keepsakes, portraits, or sculptures.

\n

For example, at Theta Land, a Beijing-based pet aftercare services provider, the average cost ranges from 1,500 yuan ($209) to 2,000 yuan, including farewell rituals, grooming, and cremation, with final rates adjusted by pet weight, said Li Lixin, founder of the company.

\n

As a Taiwan resident now settled in Beijing, Li said she often went back for training during the early days of her business, as the pet aftercare industry there had developed earlier than the Chinese mainland.

\n

"I wanted to bring that experience back to the mainland," she explained.

\n

"The Chinese people, myself included, often avoid talking much about death because of fear or taboo," Li said. "Pet aftercare services have helped me learn how to face death and handle it. I believe that when you truly understand something, you no longer fear it."

\n

Li believes that the domestic market remains in its early stages, with both service quality and consumer awareness still developing. "Once acceptance broadens, the niche sector will unlock enormous potential for the next three to five years," she said.

\n

With rising pet ownership and growing demand for diverse services, the pet funeral market is expected to reach 5 billion yuan in 2025 and surpass 10 billion yuan by the end of 2030, making it one of the fastest-growing segments of the pet industry, according to a report by market information platform ChinaIRN.

\n

Alongside market expansion, standardization has also gained momentum. The launch meeting for the drafting of professional skill evaluation standards for pet funeral specialists, organized by the vocational skill appraisal and guidance center of the All China Federation of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives, was held in Beijing in June.

\n

"The meeting marked a solid and crucial step toward professionalization and standardization in China's pet funeral service industry," said Liang Shengming, an official from the center.

\n

Industry experts also emphasized the need to strengthen regulations, suggesting that the pet aftercare industry should adopt environmentally responsible practices and establish clear governance mechanisms across multiple authorities.

\n

lijiaying@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_005_68a8e2e2ed50ccabe15180c6.htm#005BUSINESS", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "afdd528ed7ae7e27ae307ab6756a418c", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "006WORLD - Mutual trust reaffirmed in visit", - "description": "

Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi (left) and Pakistani Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Mohammad Ishaq Dar meet the reporters in Islamabad on Thursday.

\n

Beijing and Islamabad have pledged to upgrade the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor and consolidate their strategic trust and coordination, a move officials and experts say will not only deepen bilateral ties but also set an example for regional peace, stability and shared prosperity.

\n

The consensus was reached as Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi and Pakistani Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Mohammad Ishaq Dar co-chaired the sixth round of the China-Pakistan Foreign Ministers' Strategic Dialogue in Islamabad on Thursday.

\n

According to China's Foreign Ministry, the two sides will build on past achievements by promoting five new corridors — growth, livelihood, innovation, green and openness — while deepening cooperation in industry, agriculture and mining. The effort aims to enhance Pakistan's development capacity and strengthen its economic resilience.

\n

Launched in 2013, the CPEC, a flagship project of the China-proposed Belt and Road Initiative, has helped Pakistan improve its infrastructure and promote economic and social development.

\n

The two countries also reaffirmed support for Gwadar Port, which is a key component of the CPEC, pledging to advance the Karakoram Highway project and welcome third-party participation in railway upgrades.

\n

At a joint news conference, Wang reiterated that China and Pakistan are "ironclad friends" and "all-weather strategic cooperative partners" who will always stand in firm mutual trust and support.

\n

The CPEC will not only benefit both peoples but also extend to Afghanistan and beyond, he added.

\n

Both sides pledged to strengthen coordination, practice multilateralism and oppose unilateral bullying practices.

\n

Dar reaffirmed that friendship remains the cornerstone of Pakistan's foreign policy. He expressed the country's readiness to work with China to advance the upgraded CPEC and to deepen cooperation in areas such as energy, information technology and connectivity.

\n

He also assured Beijing that Pakistan will spare no effort in combating all forms of terrorism and ensuring the safety of Chinese institutions and personnel in the country.

\n

During his stay in Islamabad, Wang was received by Pakistan's President Asif Ali Zardari, who said Pakistan fully trusts China and will unwaveringly stand by its side. Zardari called for closer coordination with China on regional and international issues to safeguard peace and development.

\n

Support expressed

\n

Wang emphasized that China has always placed its relations with Pakistan as a priority in its neighborhood diplomacy and will continue to firmly support Pakistan in safeguarding national sovereignty, territorial integrity and national dignity.

\n

During a meeting with Wang, Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif described bilateral friendship as "unique", saying he looks forward to attending the upcoming Shanghai Cooperation Organization Summit in Tianjin, and the commemorations marking the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931-45) and the World Anti-Fascist War.

\n

On Thursday in Islamabad, Wang also met with Pakistan's Chief of Army Staff Asim Munir. The three-day visit was his first to Pakistan in three years and the final leg of his five-day South Asia tour, which also took him to India and Afghanistan.

\n

At the joint news briefing, Wang said the trip reinforced his impression that South Asia has enormous development potential and momentum, noting that the 21st century should be "an era of accelerated development and revitalization for Asia, and especially South Asia".

\n

China and South Asian countries are "natural partners with vast room for cooperation", Wang said, emphasizing that its relations — whether with Pakistan, India or other neighbors — do not target any third party, nor are they affected by any third party.

\n

Liu Zongyi, director of the Center for South Asian Studies at the Shanghai Institutes for International Studies, said China pursues amicable relations with its neighbors, promoting mutual respect, inclusive cooperation, and win-win partnerships with South Asian countries to build a community of shared future.

\n

"As all-weather strategic cooperative partners, China and Pakistan stand as a model of regional cooperation based on mutual trust and pragmatic collaboration," he said.

\n

At a time of profound global and regional change, development remains the strongest common aspiration, Liu said, adding that peace, stability and shared prosperity in South Asia are essential to safeguarding the fundamental interests of all parties.

\n

zhaojia@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "content": "

Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi (left) and Pakistani Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Mohammad Ishaq Dar meet the reporters in Islamabad on Thursday.

\n

Beijing and Islamabad have pledged to upgrade the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor and consolidate their strategic trust and coordination, a move officials and experts say will not only deepen bilateral ties but also set an example for regional peace, stability and shared prosperity.

\n

The consensus was reached as Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi and Pakistani Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Mohammad Ishaq Dar co-chaired the sixth round of the China-Pakistan Foreign Ministers' Strategic Dialogue in Islamabad on Thursday.

\n

According to China's Foreign Ministry, the two sides will build on past achievements by promoting five new corridors — growth, livelihood, innovation, green and openness — while deepening cooperation in industry, agriculture and mining. The effort aims to enhance Pakistan's development capacity and strengthen its economic resilience.

\n

Launched in 2013, the CPEC, a flagship project of the China-proposed Belt and Road Initiative, has helped Pakistan improve its infrastructure and promote economic and social development.

\n

The two countries also reaffirmed support for Gwadar Port, which is a key component of the CPEC, pledging to advance the Karakoram Highway project and welcome third-party participation in railway upgrades.

\n

At a joint news conference, Wang reiterated that China and Pakistan are "ironclad friends" and "all-weather strategic cooperative partners" who will always stand in firm mutual trust and support.

\n

The CPEC will not only benefit both peoples but also extend to Afghanistan and beyond, he added.

\n

Both sides pledged to strengthen coordination, practice multilateralism and oppose unilateral bullying practices.

\n

Dar reaffirmed that friendship remains the cornerstone of Pakistan's foreign policy. He expressed the country's readiness to work with China to advance the upgraded CPEC and to deepen cooperation in areas such as energy, information technology and connectivity.

\n

He also assured Beijing that Pakistan will spare no effort in combating all forms of terrorism and ensuring the safety of Chinese institutions and personnel in the country.

\n

During his stay in Islamabad, Wang was received by Pakistan's President Asif Ali Zardari, who said Pakistan fully trusts China and will unwaveringly stand by its side. Zardari called for closer coordination with China on regional and international issues to safeguard peace and development.

\n

Support expressed

\n

Wang emphasized that China has always placed its relations with Pakistan as a priority in its neighborhood diplomacy and will continue to firmly support Pakistan in safeguarding national sovereignty, territorial integrity and national dignity.

\n

During a meeting with Wang, Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif described bilateral friendship as "unique", saying he looks forward to attending the upcoming Shanghai Cooperation Organization Summit in Tianjin, and the commemorations marking the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931-45) and the World Anti-Fascist War.

\n

On Thursday in Islamabad, Wang also met with Pakistan's Chief of Army Staff Asim Munir. The three-day visit was his first to Pakistan in three years and the final leg of his five-day South Asia tour, which also took him to India and Afghanistan.

\n

At the joint news briefing, Wang said the trip reinforced his impression that South Asia has enormous development potential and momentum, noting that the 21st century should be "an era of accelerated development and revitalization for Asia, and especially South Asia".

\n

China and South Asian countries are "natural partners with vast room for cooperation", Wang said, emphasizing that its relations — whether with Pakistan, India or other neighbors — do not target any third party, nor are they affected by any third party.

\n

Liu Zongyi, director of the Center for South Asian Studies at the Shanghai Institutes for International Studies, said China pursues amicable relations with its neighbors, promoting mutual respect, inclusive cooperation, and win-win partnerships with South Asian countries to build a community of shared future.

\n

"As all-weather strategic cooperative partners, China and Pakistan stand as a model of regional cooperation based on mutual trust and pragmatic collaboration," he said.

\n

At a time of profound global and regional change, development remains the strongest common aspiration, Liu said, adding that peace, stability and shared prosperity in South Asia are essential to safeguarding the fundamental interests of all parties.

\n

zhaojia@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_006_68a8e2e7ed50ccabe15180c7.htm#006WORLD", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "2ff4fb2ba911eb27205cb7096029206f", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "006WORLD - Shared wartime history unites nations, envoy says", - "description": "

Eighty years after China and the United States fought side by side in World War II, Beijing's top envoy in Washington said that the two countries must draw on their shared wartime history and recommit to peaceful coexistence and practical cooperation.

\n

Ambassador Xie Feng delivered the message on Wednesday at an art exhibition at the Chinese embassy marking the 80th anniversary of victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931-45) and the World Anti-Fascist War.

\n

Xie hailed the "heroes" who resisted fascism, from Chinese civilians to foreign volunteers, and recalled how, during what he described as a "decisive war between justice and evil", China and more than 50 nations formed an international anti-fascist front.

\n

"The Flying Tigers soared across the sky to intercept Japanese aggressors, and opened up the treacherous 'Hump Route' over the Roof of the World, writing an epic story in pursuit of peace with their lives," he said.

\n

In 1941, volunteer US pilots, known as the Flying Tigers, fought alongside the Chinese against the Japanese in China.

\n

The ambassador praised foreign artists and journalists, including US illustrator Martha Sawyers and photographer Robert Capa, for rallying support for China during the war.

\n

"Today, to safeguard the post-war international order and protect the Earth, our only home, we still need such heroes, and should act together for peace and for the future," he said.

\n

Xie also pointed to the Doolittle Raid of 1942, when US pilots, running low on fuel after completing their attack on Japan, crash-landed in China.

\n

"Chinese soldiers and civilians spared no effort to rescue the pilots they had never met before," he said.

\n

That wartime experience left a lasting imprint on bilateral ties.

\n

"The friendship between the Chinese and American people was forged amid the trials of blood and fire," Xie said, "and has gained new life and injected fresh impetus into bilateral relations over the years".

\n

"It is a constant reminder that China and the US should see each other as a partner and friend, contribute to one another's success and benefit the whole world; that we should never forget what our two people went through together in the era of war, and should never waver in our commitment to peaceful coexistence and win-win cooperation," he added.

\n

The envoy's message was as much about today as yesterday. The lesson of history, he noted, is that "prejudice, hatred and war will bring nothing but disaster and pain", while cooperation offers the only path forward.

\n

Common interests

\n

"Eight decades ago, our two countries fought against fascism side by side and jointly defended peace and justice. Eight decades later, we have more extensive common interests, broader space for cooperation, and more important international obligations," he said.

\n

As the world's two largest economies and as permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, China and the US share a special and significant responsibility for upholding world peace and stability, and promoting global development and prosperity, Xie said.

\n

Jeffrey Greene, chairman of the Sino-American Aviation Heritage Foundation, also emphasized the importance of remembering the wartime bond.

\n

Echoing Xie, Greene described the sacrifices made by ordinary Chinese in aiding downed US pilots.

\n

"Families risked their lives to hide airmen, dress their wounds and guide them to safety," he said. "Never has one nation's people so consistently risked so much for those of another. This was not merely an alliance. It was humanity at its purest form."

\n

David Frazer, a professor at the Rhode Island School of Design, stressed the role of culture in bridging divides today.

\n

"Despite the political differences that exist today between our great countries, global appreciation for the arts transcends these differences," he said.

\n

More than 200 guests, including US dignitaries, attended the commemorative exhibition, jointly organized with state broadcaster China Central Television.

\n

huanxinzhao@chinadailyusa.com

\n

", - "content": "

Eighty years after China and the United States fought side by side in World War II, Beijing's top envoy in Washington said that the two countries must draw on their shared wartime history and recommit to peaceful coexistence and practical cooperation.

\n

Ambassador Xie Feng delivered the message on Wednesday at an art exhibition at the Chinese embassy marking the 80th anniversary of victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931-45) and the World Anti-Fascist War.

\n

Xie hailed the "heroes" who resisted fascism, from Chinese civilians to foreign volunteers, and recalled how, during what he described as a "decisive war between justice and evil", China and more than 50 nations formed an international anti-fascist front.

\n

"The Flying Tigers soared across the sky to intercept Japanese aggressors, and opened up the treacherous 'Hump Route' over the Roof of the World, writing an epic story in pursuit of peace with their lives," he said.

\n

In 1941, volunteer US pilots, known as the Flying Tigers, fought alongside the Chinese against the Japanese in China.

\n

The ambassador praised foreign artists and journalists, including US illustrator Martha Sawyers and photographer Robert Capa, for rallying support for China during the war.

\n

"Today, to safeguard the post-war international order and protect the Earth, our only home, we still need such heroes, and should act together for peace and for the future," he said.

\n

Xie also pointed to the Doolittle Raid of 1942, when US pilots, running low on fuel after completing their attack on Japan, crash-landed in China.

\n

"Chinese soldiers and civilians spared no effort to rescue the pilots they had never met before," he said.

\n

That wartime experience left a lasting imprint on bilateral ties.

\n

"The friendship between the Chinese and American people was forged amid the trials of blood and fire," Xie said, "and has gained new life and injected fresh impetus into bilateral relations over the years".

\n

"It is a constant reminder that China and the US should see each other as a partner and friend, contribute to one another's success and benefit the whole world; that we should never forget what our two people went through together in the era of war, and should never waver in our commitment to peaceful coexistence and win-win cooperation," he added.

\n

The envoy's message was as much about today as yesterday. The lesson of history, he noted, is that "prejudice, hatred and war will bring nothing but disaster and pain", while cooperation offers the only path forward.

\n

Common interests

\n

"Eight decades ago, our two countries fought against fascism side by side and jointly defended peace and justice. Eight decades later, we have more extensive common interests, broader space for cooperation, and more important international obligations," he said.

\n

As the world's two largest economies and as permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, China and the US share a special and significant responsibility for upholding world peace and stability, and promoting global development and prosperity, Xie said.

\n

Jeffrey Greene, chairman of the Sino-American Aviation Heritage Foundation, also emphasized the importance of remembering the wartime bond.

\n

Echoing Xie, Greene described the sacrifices made by ordinary Chinese in aiding downed US pilots.

\n

"Families risked their lives to hide airmen, dress their wounds and guide them to safety," he said. "Never has one nation's people so consistently risked so much for those of another. This was not merely an alliance. It was humanity at its purest form."

\n

David Frazer, a professor at the Rhode Island School of Design, stressed the role of culture in bridging divides today.

\n

"Despite the political differences that exist today between our great countries, global appreciation for the arts transcends these differences," he said.

\n

More than 200 guests, including US dignitaries, attended the commemorative exhibition, jointly organized with state broadcaster China Central Television.

\n

huanxinzhao@chinadailyusa.com

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_006_68a8e2ebed50ccabe15180c8.htm#006WORLD", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "5a49c3b6d5c68bb1c3ddfd3a121bb2c5", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "006WORLD - Submerged treasures", - "description": "

An artifact is recovered from the Mediterranean Sea at Abu Qir Bay in Alexandria, Egypt, on Thursday. The Egyptian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities retrieved three massive artifacts from the Mediterranean Sea off Abu Qir Bay.

\n

", - "content": "

An artifact is recovered from the Mediterranean Sea at Abu Qir Bay in Alexandria, Egypt, on Thursday. The Egyptian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities retrieved three massive artifacts from the Mediterranean Sea off Abu Qir Bay.

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_006_68a8e2efed50ccabe15180c9.htm#006WORLD", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "462ed57af735ee428e96881adda4b728", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "006WORLD - Briefly", - "description": "

EUROPE

\n

EU gets 15% tariff for cars, but no relief for wine

\n

The US and EU released details of a trade deal on Thursday that foresees lower car tariffs but no relief for Europe's wine sector. Brussels said it would push for further concessions. US President Donald Trump and EU Commission President Ursula von der Leyen clinched a framework pact in July for most EU exports to face a 15-percent US levy. But many aspects remained unclear, as the EU sought to win carve-outs for some sectors and Trump threatened higher tariffs on others. A joint statement on Thursday brought some clarity, although negotiations are not over and some moving parts remain. The "maximum, all-inclusive" 15 percent rate would apply to the vast majority of European exports, including cars, pharmaceuticals, semiconductors and lumber, the EU said.

\n

THAILAND

\n

Court acquits former PM of royal insult

\n

Thailand's criminal court on Friday acquitted former prime minister Thaksin Shinawatra on royal defamation charges over his remarks to foreign media a decade ago. Thaksin has been found not guilty due to insufficient evidence to prove his wrongdoing, the court said in a statement. The prosecution's evidence presented failed to meet the burden of proof required for the indictment, said Thaksin's lawyer Winyat Chatmontree. Thaksin thanked his legal team after the verdict was read out, stating that he could now fully dedicate himself to working for the nation's benefit, Winyat said. The Office of the Attorney General indicted Thaksin last year, accusing him of defaming the monarchy during a 2015 interview with a South Korean media outlet.

\n


获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", - "content": "

EUROPE

\n

EU gets 15% tariff for cars, but no relief for wine

\n

The US and EU released details of a trade deal on Thursday that foresees lower car tariffs but no relief for Europe's wine sector. Brussels said it would push for further concessions. US President Donald Trump and EU Commission President Ursula von der Leyen clinched a framework pact in July for most EU exports to face a 15-percent US levy. But many aspects remained unclear, as the EU sought to win carve-outs for some sectors and Trump threatened higher tariffs on others. A joint statement on Thursday brought some clarity, although negotiations are not over and some moving parts remain. The "maximum, all-inclusive" 15 percent rate would apply to the vast majority of European exports, including cars, pharmaceuticals, semiconductors and lumber, the EU said.

\n

THAILAND

\n

Court acquits former PM of royal insult

\n

Thailand's criminal court on Friday acquitted former prime minister Thaksin Shinawatra on royal defamation charges over his remarks to foreign media a decade ago. Thaksin has been found not guilty due to insufficient evidence to prove his wrongdoing, the court said in a statement. The prosecution's evidence presented failed to meet the burden of proof required for the indictment, said Thaksin's lawyer Winyat Chatmontree. Thaksin thanked his legal team after the verdict was read out, stating that he could now fully dedicate himself to working for the nation's benefit, Winyat said. The Office of the Attorney General indicted Thaksin last year, accusing him of defaming the monarchy during a 2015 interview with a South Korean media outlet.

\n


获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_006_68a8e2f4ed50ccabe15180ca.htm#006WORLD", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "fed23c157eab783dad2af226d15c7a65", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "006WORLD - Israeli PM pushes ahead with Gaza takeover plan", - "description": "

Palestinians wait to receive food from a charity kitchen, in Khan Younis, southern Gaza Strip, on Thursday.

\n

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu is pushing to seize full control of Gaza City while allowing negotiations for a truce with Hamas amid protests from more countries against his government's approval of plans for settlement construction in the West Bank that violate UN resolutions.

\n

Netanyahu visited the Gaza Division of the Israel Defense Forces, or IDF, to "approve" the planned new military operation, announcing on Thursday a "decisive stage" in seizing control of Gaza City, despite an announcement by Palestinian militant group Hamas earlier in the week that it has accepted a proposal, via Egypt and Qatari mediators, for a 60-day truce in Gaza.

\n

"I came here to approve the IDF plans for taking control of Gaza City and defeating Hamas. In parallel, I instructed to begin immediate negotiations for the release of all our hostages and the end of the war, on conditions that are acceptable for Israel," said Netanyahu.

\n

"Those two things, the defeat of Hamas and the release of all our hostages, go hand in hand," said Netanyahu.

\n

Rasha Al Joundy, a senior researcher at the Dubai Public Policy Research Centre, said Netanyahu seems "does not want the war to end".

\n

"Ending the war means for him controlling Gaza (and) continuing to annex lands in the West Bank," she added.

\n

Israel Katz, Israel's defense minister, in a post on social media platform X on Friday, warned of further destruction like Rafah and Beit Hanoun if Israeli wishes were not met.

\n

The Saudi Ministry of Foreign Affairs released a statement on Thursday slamming the Israeli authorities for their "persistence in their crimes against the Palestinian people and their occupied land as well as their ongoing attempts to displace the people and prevent the establishment of their independent state".

\n

Over 20 foreign ministers, including those from Australia, Ireland, Spain and the United Kingdom, also released a joint statement rejecting the Israeli Higher Planning Committee's approval plans for settlement construction in the "E1" area, east of Jerusalem, in the West Bank.

\n

A joint investigation by The Guardian, the Israeli-Palestinian publication +972 Magazine and Hebrew-language outlet Local Call revealed that figures from a classified Israeli military intelligence database indicate that five out of six Palestinians killed by Israeli forces in Gaza have been civilians.

\n

As of May, 19 months into the fighting, Israeli intelligence officials listed 8,900 named fighters from Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad as dead or "probably dead", The Guardian reported.

\n

Apart from the report, a string of frequent condemnations across the world in recent days and appeals against lingering starvation and famine have done little to deter Israel from dropping its controversial takeover plans.

\n

Famine declared

\n

Meanwhile, the United Nations officially declared a famine in Gaza on Friday, blaming "systematic obstruction of aid" by Israel, hours after Katz threatened to destroy the territory's largest city.

\n

Israel angrily denied there was a famine, with the foreign ministry saying the report was "based on Hamas lies laundered through organizations with vested interests".

\n

The famine was declared by experts at the Rome-based IPC, who said it affected 500,000 people in the Gaza governorate, which covers about a fifth of the Palestinian territory, including Gaza City.

\n

The IPC projected that the famine would expand to Deir el-Balah and Khan Younis by the end of September, covering around two-thirds of Gaza.

\n

UN aid chief Tom Fletcher said the famine was entirely preventable, saying food could not get through to the Palestinian territory "because of systematic obstruction by Israel".

\n

UN human rights chief Volker Turk said it was "a war crime to use starvation as a method of warfare" and said it "may also amount to the war crime of willful killing".

\n

Agencies contributed to this story.

\n

jan@chinadailyapac.com

\n

", - "content": "

Palestinians wait to receive food from a charity kitchen, in Khan Younis, southern Gaza Strip, on Thursday.

\n

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu is pushing to seize full control of Gaza City while allowing negotiations for a truce with Hamas amid protests from more countries against his government's approval of plans for settlement construction in the West Bank that violate UN resolutions.

\n

Netanyahu visited the Gaza Division of the Israel Defense Forces, or IDF, to "approve" the planned new military operation, announcing on Thursday a "decisive stage" in seizing control of Gaza City, despite an announcement by Palestinian militant group Hamas earlier in the week that it has accepted a proposal, via Egypt and Qatari mediators, for a 60-day truce in Gaza.

\n

"I came here to approve the IDF plans for taking control of Gaza City and defeating Hamas. In parallel, I instructed to begin immediate negotiations for the release of all our hostages and the end of the war, on conditions that are acceptable for Israel," said Netanyahu.

\n

"Those two things, the defeat of Hamas and the release of all our hostages, go hand in hand," said Netanyahu.

\n

Rasha Al Joundy, a senior researcher at the Dubai Public Policy Research Centre, said Netanyahu seems "does not want the war to end".

\n

"Ending the war means for him controlling Gaza (and) continuing to annex lands in the West Bank," she added.

\n

Israel Katz, Israel's defense minister, in a post on social media platform X on Friday, warned of further destruction like Rafah and Beit Hanoun if Israeli wishes were not met.

\n

The Saudi Ministry of Foreign Affairs released a statement on Thursday slamming the Israeli authorities for their "persistence in their crimes against the Palestinian people and their occupied land as well as their ongoing attempts to displace the people and prevent the establishment of their independent state".

\n

Over 20 foreign ministers, including those from Australia, Ireland, Spain and the United Kingdom, also released a joint statement rejecting the Israeli Higher Planning Committee's approval plans for settlement construction in the "E1" area, east of Jerusalem, in the West Bank.

\n

A joint investigation by The Guardian, the Israeli-Palestinian publication +972 Magazine and Hebrew-language outlet Local Call revealed that figures from a classified Israeli military intelligence database indicate that five out of six Palestinians killed by Israeli forces in Gaza have been civilians.

\n

As of May, 19 months into the fighting, Israeli intelligence officials listed 8,900 named fighters from Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad as dead or "probably dead", The Guardian reported.

\n

Apart from the report, a string of frequent condemnations across the world in recent days and appeals against lingering starvation and famine have done little to deter Israel from dropping its controversial takeover plans.

\n

Famine declared

\n

Meanwhile, the United Nations officially declared a famine in Gaza on Friday, blaming "systematic obstruction of aid" by Israel, hours after Katz threatened to destroy the territory's largest city.

\n

Israel angrily denied there was a famine, with the foreign ministry saying the report was "based on Hamas lies laundered through organizations with vested interests".

\n

The famine was declared by experts at the Rome-based IPC, who said it affected 500,000 people in the Gaza governorate, which covers about a fifth of the Palestinian territory, including Gaza City.

\n

The IPC projected that the famine would expand to Deir el-Balah and Khan Younis by the end of September, covering around two-thirds of Gaza.

\n

UN aid chief Tom Fletcher said the famine was entirely preventable, saying food could not get through to the Palestinian territory "because of systematic obstruction by Israel".

\n

UN human rights chief Volker Turk said it was "a war crime to use starvation as a method of warfare" and said it "may also amount to the war crime of willful killing".

\n

Agencies contributed to this story.

\n

jan@chinadailyapac.com

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_006_68a8e2f8ed50ccabe15180cb.htm#006WORLD", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "89cf78d0d016903c67d457c4a1cbcc94", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "007WORLD - From culture shock to a 'second home'", - "description": "

Online See more by scanning the code.

\n

A British student participates in an A-level program of the charity Engage with China in Changzhou, East China's Jiangsu province during the 2023-24 academic year.

\n

A scholarship winner hugs H-J Colston-Inge, director of Engage with China (left) in Changzhou during the 2023-24 academic year.

\n

"I felt like I was leaving a part of myself in China because it has been a very tough journey to integrate myself into the culture and connect with the people here," said Calista Ajibola, a British student aged 18, who has just completed a two-year boarding school scholarship program in China.

\n

Even for someone who had been learning Mandarin for five years and who had achieved the top grade in the subject in her General Certificate of Secondary Education exam, or GCSE, the test taken by students in the United Kingdom at the age of 16, using the Chinese language, still posed some challenges, as textbook knowledge and real-life application can be very different disciplines.

\n

"People often couldn't understand me when I first arrived in China and would ask me to switch to English. I had scored a nine in my GCSE Mandarin exam, so it was incredibly frustrating, at times even disheartening," she said.

\n

"But as time went on, armed with the courage to make mistakes, a determination to improve, hours of practice, and plenty of help from my Chinese teacher, my Mandarin eventually reached the point where I could … guide my family around in China, chat with taxi drivers, haggle over prices, and sort out problems that came up."

\n

Ajibola returned with a mature command of the language, a clearer vision for the future, many genuine friends, countless memories, as well as 30 packs of Chinese-branded instant noodles, and a pile of refrigerator magnets.

\n

"The scholarship program is probably one of the best things that has ever happened to me," she added.

\n

Launched in 2023 by the UK charity Engage with China, in partnership with international schools in China, the scholarship program has enabled 34 British pupils to embark on a two-year journey to study A-levels in China.

\n

H-J Colston-Inge, director of Engage with China, said the aim of the program is to foster "China literacy" among British youths.

\n

It was in 2018 that she realized there was a major educational gap in UK schools, as knowledge of China was almost entirely absent from the classroom. "The UK curriculum contains virtually no content on China, despite its global importance," she said.

\n

Compared to short-term study programs, she said, the project aims to offer a fully immersive journey, one that allows pupils to truly experience, with their own eyes a country on the other side of the world that is culturally and socioeconomically, very different from what they are used to.

\n

Culture shocks can be striking. For Ajibola, the endless high-rise apartments instead of low houses, the "motorcycle army" dominating the roads, and the mosquito bites in the sweltering summer were all unusual for a British pupil. But as she put it: "If I had the chance to live it all again, I wouldn't change a thing."

\n

Zoe Capps, who has just completed her first-year scholarship in Hangzhou, the capital city of East China's Zhejiang province, said life in China, a place where "everything felt unfamiliar" at first but which has now become a "second home", has made her much more "mature".

\n

"I always used to say I'm very mature for my age, but I really wasn't," she said. "But now, I have a clear idea of what I want to do in the future. I know where I want to go, and I know what I need to do."

\n

Gaining global mindset

\n

The students have not only developed strong language skills that will give them greater competitiveness in future education and career paths, Colston-Inge said, but have also gained a global mindset and a sense of empathy, an understanding that the world can be vastly diverse.

\n

"No one typically sends their 16-year-old to study in China, so these students are bold, curious and globally-minded," she added. "In an era of geopolitical tension, initiatives like this can help shift perspectives and build better international relationships."

\n

"Life-changing" is how Colston-Inge often described the many refreshing China stories she has heard from the pupils, especially since many of the scholarship winners come from economically disadvantaged backgrounds.

\n

Yet in such an unprecedented and turbulent era, even just ordinary educational exchanges can hardly remain untouched by geopolitics.

\n

"It is more important than ever that, when there are difficulties, we push through," she said.

\n

"Children aren't interested in politics," she pointed out. "Well, maybe a little. But that is not what they want. They want to make friends. They want to play. They want to do music together, play sports and so on. That is what's important."

\n

For Capps, above all, it is also the friendships she has made during the first year that matter the most. "The people I've met here have become some of the most important things in my life."

\n

Soon, the third cohort of 10 teenagers will head to China, ready to begin an entirely new chapter in their lives.

\n

Colston-Inge, who studied Chinese at university and is now dedicated to passing on her enduring fascination with China to the next generation, quoted Laozi, a Chinese philosopher from the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC), "A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step."

\n

"Having 34 (scholarship winners) looks tiny, but just compare that with the 250,000 students coming from China to study in the UK, and that previously, very few children were going to China at the age of 16."

\n

At a reception hosted on Aug 12 by the Education Section of China's embassy in the UK, to welcome the scholarship winners, Zhao Fei, minister of China's embassy in the UK, said tomorrow's world needs builders of bridges between civilizations, especially in an era when challenges ranging from global health crises to climate change require collective effort.

\n

"Though our languages differ and customs vary, our aspirations for a better life and shared concerns for humanity's future resonate profoundly," he said.

\n

"This connection transcends borders, it is universal and it is shared."

\n

zhengwanyin@mail.chinadailyuk.com

\n

", - "content": "

Online See more by scanning the code.

\n

A British student participates in an A-level program of the charity Engage with China in Changzhou, East China's Jiangsu province during the 2023-24 academic year.

\n

A scholarship winner hugs H-J Colston-Inge, director of Engage with China (left) in Changzhou during the 2023-24 academic year.

\n

"I felt like I was leaving a part of myself in China because it has been a very tough journey to integrate myself into the culture and connect with the people here," said Calista Ajibola, a British student aged 18, who has just completed a two-year boarding school scholarship program in China.

\n

Even for someone who had been learning Mandarin for five years and who had achieved the top grade in the subject in her General Certificate of Secondary Education exam, or GCSE, the test taken by students in the United Kingdom at the age of 16, using the Chinese language, still posed some challenges, as textbook knowledge and real-life application can be very different disciplines.

\n

"People often couldn't understand me when I first arrived in China and would ask me to switch to English. I had scored a nine in my GCSE Mandarin exam, so it was incredibly frustrating, at times even disheartening," she said.

\n

"But as time went on, armed with the courage to make mistakes, a determination to improve, hours of practice, and plenty of help from my Chinese teacher, my Mandarin eventually reached the point where I could … guide my family around in China, chat with taxi drivers, haggle over prices, and sort out problems that came up."

\n

Ajibola returned with a mature command of the language, a clearer vision for the future, many genuine friends, countless memories, as well as 30 packs of Chinese-branded instant noodles, and a pile of refrigerator magnets.

\n

"The scholarship program is probably one of the best things that has ever happened to me," she added.

\n

Launched in 2023 by the UK charity Engage with China, in partnership with international schools in China, the scholarship program has enabled 34 British pupils to embark on a two-year journey to study A-levels in China.

\n

H-J Colston-Inge, director of Engage with China, said the aim of the program is to foster "China literacy" among British youths.

\n

It was in 2018 that she realized there was a major educational gap in UK schools, as knowledge of China was almost entirely absent from the classroom. "The UK curriculum contains virtually no content on China, despite its global importance," she said.

\n

Compared to short-term study programs, she said, the project aims to offer a fully immersive journey, one that allows pupils to truly experience, with their own eyes a country on the other side of the world that is culturally and socioeconomically, very different from what they are used to.

\n

Culture shocks can be striking. For Ajibola, the endless high-rise apartments instead of low houses, the "motorcycle army" dominating the roads, and the mosquito bites in the sweltering summer were all unusual for a British pupil. But as she put it: "If I had the chance to live it all again, I wouldn't change a thing."

\n

Zoe Capps, who has just completed her first-year scholarship in Hangzhou, the capital city of East China's Zhejiang province, said life in China, a place where "everything felt unfamiliar" at first but which has now become a "second home", has made her much more "mature".

\n

"I always used to say I'm very mature for my age, but I really wasn't," she said. "But now, I have a clear idea of what I want to do in the future. I know where I want to go, and I know what I need to do."

\n

Gaining global mindset

\n

The students have not only developed strong language skills that will give them greater competitiveness in future education and career paths, Colston-Inge said, but have also gained a global mindset and a sense of empathy, an understanding that the world can be vastly diverse.

\n

"No one typically sends their 16-year-old to study in China, so these students are bold, curious and globally-minded," she added. "In an era of geopolitical tension, initiatives like this can help shift perspectives and build better international relationships."

\n

"Life-changing" is how Colston-Inge often described the many refreshing China stories she has heard from the pupils, especially since many of the scholarship winners come from economically disadvantaged backgrounds.

\n

Yet in such an unprecedented and turbulent era, even just ordinary educational exchanges can hardly remain untouched by geopolitics.

\n

"It is more important than ever that, when there are difficulties, we push through," she said.

\n

"Children aren't interested in politics," she pointed out. "Well, maybe a little. But that is not what they want. They want to make friends. They want to play. They want to do music together, play sports and so on. That is what's important."

\n

For Capps, above all, it is also the friendships she has made during the first year that matter the most. "The people I've met here have become some of the most important things in my life."

\n

Soon, the third cohort of 10 teenagers will head to China, ready to begin an entirely new chapter in their lives.

\n

Colston-Inge, who studied Chinese at university and is now dedicated to passing on her enduring fascination with China to the next generation, quoted Laozi, a Chinese philosopher from the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC), "A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step."

\n

"Having 34 (scholarship winners) looks tiny, but just compare that with the 250,000 students coming from China to study in the UK, and that previously, very few children were going to China at the age of 16."

\n

At a reception hosted on Aug 12 by the Education Section of China's embassy in the UK, to welcome the scholarship winners, Zhao Fei, minister of China's embassy in the UK, said tomorrow's world needs builders of bridges between civilizations, especially in an era when challenges ranging from global health crises to climate change require collective effort.

\n

"Though our languages differ and customs vary, our aspirations for a better life and shared concerns for humanity's future resonate profoundly," he said.

\n

"This connection transcends borders, it is universal and it is shared."

\n

zhengwanyin@mail.chinadailyuk.com

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_007_68a8e2fced50ccabe15180cc.htm#007WORLD", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "e349a063ca812525334e65d960589e0d", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "008LIFE - Freed through comedy", - "description": "
\n

Comedian Fang Zhuren engages with the audience during her latest stand-up special. Fang burst onto the country's stand-up comedy scene as the dark horse of the hit online competition The King of Stand-Up Comedy Season Two.

\n

Comedian Fang Zhuren engages with the audience during her latest stand-up special. Fang burst onto the country's stand-up comedy scene as the dark horse of the hit online competition The King of Stand-Up Comedy Season Two.

\n

Comedian Fang Zhuren engages with the audience during her latest stand-up special. Fang burst onto the country's stand-up comedy scene as the dark horse of the hit online competition The King of Stand-Up Comedy Season Two.

\n

A 50-year-old woman from a rural village in Shandong province, the comedian has only a junior high school education.

\n

This summer, Fang Zhuren (a stage name, with the surname Fang), a 50-year-old woman from a rural village in Shandong province with only a middle school education, burst onto the country's stand-up comedy scene as the dark horse of the hit online competition, The King of Stand-Up Comedy Season Two.

\n

The turning point came two years ago, when, in her own words, she was trapped by endless housework and an oppressive marriage. She was desperate for an escape.

\n

Then, on a whim in March 2023, she scraped together 220 yuan ($30.62) to watch a live show by Li Bo, a female comedian from Shenyang, Liaoning province, who has over 13 million followers on the short-video platform Douyin.

\n

That night, during the interactive segment, the performer spotted Fang in the audience.

\n

"What do you do for a living?" She asked Fang, handing the microphone to her, who was sitting in the second row with a mask and looked slightly uneasy.

\n

"I'm the director of the information center in our village," Fang replied.

\n

"What kind of information do you handle?" the comedian asked.

\n

"Oh, things like which family's daughter hasn't returned in two years, who owes money and won't pay it back, or which mother-in-law and daughter-in-law got into another fight. … That's pretty much the kind of news I keep track of," Fang deadpanned.

\n

The crowd erupted in laughter and applause.

\n

Fang's quick-witted, humorous improvised answer stole the show, and the clip later went viral, amassing millions of views online.

\n

Impressed, the comedian invited Fang to join a comedy training session, and even got Fang's travel, accommodation, and training expenses covered.

\n

That marked the beginning of Fang's journey into becoming a stand-up comedian.

\n

Stand-up comedy then became Fang's catharsis, not only allowing her to release years of pent-up frustration from her marriage and family life, but finally giving her the courage to walk away from her "toxic 30-year relationship" and start anew.

\n

In her debut on the aforementioned comedy competition, Fang delivered a hilarious yet touching set about how stand-up comedy empowered her to divorce her husband and build a new life with her two daughters.

\n

The performance quickly made her a viral sensation.

\n

Yang Tianzhen, a judge on the show, remarks that Fang embodies the resilient spirit of Chinese women, with strength forged through adversity.

\n

"She is a precious gem in the stand-up comedy industry," Yang adds.

\n

Tan Xiaohong, producer of the show, admits she initially had doubts when first encountering Fang's audition tape.

\n

"Her set was electrifying, a raw account of her life story," she recalls. "But I worried whether that magic could be replicated in the following competition rounds.

\n

"When we met in person, all my doubts vanished. Her raw authenticity and strong ability to consistently transform life experiences into comedy made casting her an undeniable choice," says Tan.

\n

Raised in a small village south of Linyi city, Shandong, Fang quit middle school when her family could no longer afford her education.

\n

"I'd read anything with words on it, even medication instructions. Back then, the only books I could get my hands on were classics. I particularly loved reading Dream of the Red Chamber," Fang recalls in a recent podcast program.

\n

After leaving school, she worked in textile and brick factories, sending her earnings home to fund her younger brother's greenhouse and her ailing mother's medical treatments.

\n

At 20, she got married. Her then-husband, and now ex-husband, ran a fruit shop while she became a housewife raising two daughters.

\n

In 2010, with her youngest still a toddler and her then-father-in-law bedridden after a stroke, Fang shouldered his care alone, changing his diapers, feeding and bathing him.

\n

"My ex never lifted a finger; he just criticized me. To drown him out, I bought a smartphone and listened to podcasts on Ximalaya (a podcast platform) while doing household chores," she says. That's how she discovered stand-up comedy.

\n

After she was offered a chance to train in Shenyang, Fang began weaving her struggles, including domestic violence and rural sexism, into her sets.

\n

For months, she bombed at open mic events, tense and unsure.

\n

Fang was hired as a theater hand to cover the living costs.

\n

Then, one day, everything clicked.

\n

"Stand-up soon became my release. The more I spoke, the lighter I felt. I stopped disliking the man; I pitied him. Comedy helped me make peace with life," Fang says.

\n

With the emotional strength and financial independence that comedy provides, Fang decided to live life on her terms.

\n

Powerfully closing her competition debut, she announced: "My parents never remember my birthday, but two years ago, I decided that it's April 8. Because on April 8, 2023, I was signed as a comedian."

\n

"On April 8, 2024, I left with just my daughters and divorce papers." The crowd broke into thunderous applause. "April 8, 2025? Nothing special. Just a peaceful, happy day," she adds.

\n

Her elder daughter says on social media: "My mom is just talented, the kind of talent that need not be proved via certificates."

\n

"Her persistence (in the comedian's job) sets us an example."

\n

Contact the writer at xingwen@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "content": "
\n

Comedian Fang Zhuren engages with the audience during her latest stand-up special. Fang burst onto the country's stand-up comedy scene as the dark horse of the hit online competition The King of Stand-Up Comedy Season Two.

\n

Comedian Fang Zhuren engages with the audience during her latest stand-up special. Fang burst onto the country's stand-up comedy scene as the dark horse of the hit online competition The King of Stand-Up Comedy Season Two.

\n

Comedian Fang Zhuren engages with the audience during her latest stand-up special. Fang burst onto the country's stand-up comedy scene as the dark horse of the hit online competition The King of Stand-Up Comedy Season Two.

\n

A 50-year-old woman from a rural village in Shandong province, the comedian has only a junior high school education.

\n

This summer, Fang Zhuren (a stage name, with the surname Fang), a 50-year-old woman from a rural village in Shandong province with only a middle school education, burst onto the country's stand-up comedy scene as the dark horse of the hit online competition, The King of Stand-Up Comedy Season Two.

\n

The turning point came two years ago, when, in her own words, she was trapped by endless housework and an oppressive marriage. She was desperate for an escape.

\n

Then, on a whim in March 2023, she scraped together 220 yuan ($30.62) to watch a live show by Li Bo, a female comedian from Shenyang, Liaoning province, who has over 13 million followers on the short-video platform Douyin.

\n

That night, during the interactive segment, the performer spotted Fang in the audience.

\n

"What do you do for a living?" She asked Fang, handing the microphone to her, who was sitting in the second row with a mask and looked slightly uneasy.

\n

"I'm the director of the information center in our village," Fang replied.

\n

"What kind of information do you handle?" the comedian asked.

\n

"Oh, things like which family's daughter hasn't returned in two years, who owes money and won't pay it back, or which mother-in-law and daughter-in-law got into another fight. … That's pretty much the kind of news I keep track of," Fang deadpanned.

\n

The crowd erupted in laughter and applause.

\n

Fang's quick-witted, humorous improvised answer stole the show, and the clip later went viral, amassing millions of views online.

\n

Impressed, the comedian invited Fang to join a comedy training session, and even got Fang's travel, accommodation, and training expenses covered.

\n

That marked the beginning of Fang's journey into becoming a stand-up comedian.

\n

Stand-up comedy then became Fang's catharsis, not only allowing her to release years of pent-up frustration from her marriage and family life, but finally giving her the courage to walk away from her "toxic 30-year relationship" and start anew.

\n

In her debut on the aforementioned comedy competition, Fang delivered a hilarious yet touching set about how stand-up comedy empowered her to divorce her husband and build a new life with her two daughters.

\n

The performance quickly made her a viral sensation.

\n

Yang Tianzhen, a judge on the show, remarks that Fang embodies the resilient spirit of Chinese women, with strength forged through adversity.

\n

"She is a precious gem in the stand-up comedy industry," Yang adds.

\n

Tan Xiaohong, producer of the show, admits she initially had doubts when first encountering Fang's audition tape.

\n

"Her set was electrifying, a raw account of her life story," she recalls. "But I worried whether that magic could be replicated in the following competition rounds.

\n

"When we met in person, all my doubts vanished. Her raw authenticity and strong ability to consistently transform life experiences into comedy made casting her an undeniable choice," says Tan.

\n

Raised in a small village south of Linyi city, Shandong, Fang quit middle school when her family could no longer afford her education.

\n

"I'd read anything with words on it, even medication instructions. Back then, the only books I could get my hands on were classics. I particularly loved reading Dream of the Red Chamber," Fang recalls in a recent podcast program.

\n

After leaving school, she worked in textile and brick factories, sending her earnings home to fund her younger brother's greenhouse and her ailing mother's medical treatments.

\n

At 20, she got married. Her then-husband, and now ex-husband, ran a fruit shop while she became a housewife raising two daughters.

\n

In 2010, with her youngest still a toddler and her then-father-in-law bedridden after a stroke, Fang shouldered his care alone, changing his diapers, feeding and bathing him.

\n

"My ex never lifted a finger; he just criticized me. To drown him out, I bought a smartphone and listened to podcasts on Ximalaya (a podcast platform) while doing household chores," she says. That's how she discovered stand-up comedy.

\n

After she was offered a chance to train in Shenyang, Fang began weaving her struggles, including domestic violence and rural sexism, into her sets.

\n

For months, she bombed at open mic events, tense and unsure.

\n

Fang was hired as a theater hand to cover the living costs.

\n

Then, one day, everything clicked.

\n

"Stand-up soon became my release. The more I spoke, the lighter I felt. I stopped disliking the man; I pitied him. Comedy helped me make peace with life," Fang says.

\n

With the emotional strength and financial independence that comedy provides, Fang decided to live life on her terms.

\n

Powerfully closing her competition debut, she announced: "My parents never remember my birthday, but two years ago, I decided that it's April 8. Because on April 8, 2023, I was signed as a comedian."

\n

"On April 8, 2024, I left with just my daughters and divorce papers." The crowd broke into thunderous applause. "April 8, 2025? Nothing special. Just a peaceful, happy day," she adds.

\n

Her elder daughter says on social media: "My mom is just talented, the kind of talent that need not be proved via certificates."

\n

"Her persistence (in the comedian's job) sets us an example."

\n

Contact the writer at xingwen@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_008_68a8e301ed50ccabe15180cd.htm#008LIFE", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "dc62ad7de3618c0979947134c6575140", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "008LIFE - Rural farmhouse strikes enduring friendship across the Pacific Ocean", - "description": "

Zhang Jianhua (third right, front) poses for a group photo with John Flower (second left, front) and his students at Zhang's residence in Dechen county, Yunnan province, on July 26.

\n

The wooden structure from Yunnan known as the China Folk House in Harpers Ferry, West Virginia.

\n

KUNMING — At the foot of the Biluo Mountain in Southwest China's Yunnan province, a river rushes past vineyards and quiet villages, bearing witness to the friendship between an American scholar and a Chinese villager that has crossed the Pacific.

\n

Sporting brown hair and a graying beard, 62-year-old John Flower makes his way to an ethnic Bai-style residence, where he receives a warm welcome from its owner and longtime friend, Zhang Jianhua. They shake hands before settling into the courtyard to catch up for old times' sake.

\n

Their friendship began in the spring of 2016, when Flower, a history teacher and director of the Chinese Studies program at Sidwell Friends School, led a group of students to Cizhong village in Yunnan's Diqing Tibetan autonomous prefecture. "I invited them to my home for tea," Zhang recalls.

\n

Flower was struck by Zhang's wooden courtyard house, a rare fusion of Han, Tibetan, Naxi, and Bai ethnic architectural styles. When he learned the house was scheduled for dismantling, a bold idea began to take shape: to move the entire house to the United States.

\n

Zhang chuckled at what sounded like a daydream. "You can try," he said. "But I'm still living in it. Come back next year."

\n

A year later, Flower returned with a team of students. Working with local Bai carpenters, they documented, dismantled, and boxed the house piece by piece, creating a 3D model before shipping it across the Pacific. On the banks of the Shenandoah River in Jefferson, West Virginia, the house was reassembled.

\n

Over the years, the house has served as a classroom that gives American students and residents the chance to appreciate the craftsmanship of traditional Chinese homes and experience the rhythms of village life.

\n

Adding a new chapter to their story, Flower returned to Cizhong in July with more than 20 students. Many of them had helped rebuild the house in the United States, but this was their first time visiting Yunnan.

\n

In Zhang's new Bai-style home, about a kilometer from the original site of his old house, the two friends reunited in a sunlit courtyard where a stone carving of the Chinese character fu (blessing) stands at the center.

\n

The students took photos of the delicately carved woodwork, lifelike cat tiles perched on the roof ridge, and the Tibetan-style fire pit in the spacious courtyard, while enjoying sweet watermelons from Zhang's garden.

\n

"How is life now?" they ask. "Do you still farm?"

\n

"I'm not very educated," Zhang replies, slightly nervous to host so many young foreigners for the first time.

\n

"But life is much better now." He adds that besides farming, he raises 30 pigs and 30 chickens. His family now lives in a house four times the size of the old one, with extra rooms available for rent.

\n

"The old house carries our memories," he says with a grin. "But I'm very happy it is now well-cherished on the other side of the Pacific."

\n

Former village head Urgyen Tsering recalls issuing the official certificate authorizing the house's dismantling. "No one imagined Americans would one day come to see it," he says. "Even less did we expect the house to become a bridge for people-to-people exchange between China and the US."

\n

Flower's ties with China date back to the late 1970s when, as a philosophy student, he first encountered the Chinese language through The Analects of Confucius. The normalization of China-US relations at the time opened doors for cultural exchange. In 1991, he made his first trip to China.

\n

He later spent several years in rural Sichuan province with his wife, deepening his understanding of Chinese culture and developing a lasting interest in village life. In the past decade, he has led his students on experiential learning trips to rural Yunnan.

\n

Many students in Flower's group are part of a large-scale China-US youth exchange program aimed at fostering mutual understanding through cultural, educational, and travel experiences.

\n

China announced a plan to invite 50,000 American youth to visit and study in China in the next five years, hoping that through firsthand experience, they can discover the real China while contributing to China-US friendship.

\n

As Flower strolled through the village, he admired the cement roads that had replaced muddy tracks. Guesthouses and local wine businesses had sprung up, yet the buildings still reflected a harmonious blend of Han, Tibetan, Bai, and Naxi styles, now equipped with modern comforts.

\n

"Just like the people here, different ethnic groups live together peacefully," Flower says.

\n

Before leaving, he invited Zhang and his wife to West Virginia to see his old home. Zhang smiled and nodded, like he did eight years ago when he went along with that "wild" idea.

\n

", - "content": "

Zhang Jianhua (third right, front) poses for a group photo with John Flower (second left, front) and his students at Zhang's residence in Dechen county, Yunnan province, on July 26.

\n

The wooden structure from Yunnan known as the China Folk House in Harpers Ferry, West Virginia.

\n

KUNMING — At the foot of the Biluo Mountain in Southwest China's Yunnan province, a river rushes past vineyards and quiet villages, bearing witness to the friendship between an American scholar and a Chinese villager that has crossed the Pacific.

\n

Sporting brown hair and a graying beard, 62-year-old John Flower makes his way to an ethnic Bai-style residence, where he receives a warm welcome from its owner and longtime friend, Zhang Jianhua. They shake hands before settling into the courtyard to catch up for old times' sake.

\n

Their friendship began in the spring of 2016, when Flower, a history teacher and director of the Chinese Studies program at Sidwell Friends School, led a group of students to Cizhong village in Yunnan's Diqing Tibetan autonomous prefecture. "I invited them to my home for tea," Zhang recalls.

\n

Flower was struck by Zhang's wooden courtyard house, a rare fusion of Han, Tibetan, Naxi, and Bai ethnic architectural styles. When he learned the house was scheduled for dismantling, a bold idea began to take shape: to move the entire house to the United States.

\n

Zhang chuckled at what sounded like a daydream. "You can try," he said. "But I'm still living in it. Come back next year."

\n

A year later, Flower returned with a team of students. Working with local Bai carpenters, they documented, dismantled, and boxed the house piece by piece, creating a 3D model before shipping it across the Pacific. On the banks of the Shenandoah River in Jefferson, West Virginia, the house was reassembled.

\n

Over the years, the house has served as a classroom that gives American students and residents the chance to appreciate the craftsmanship of traditional Chinese homes and experience the rhythms of village life.

\n

Adding a new chapter to their story, Flower returned to Cizhong in July with more than 20 students. Many of them had helped rebuild the house in the United States, but this was their first time visiting Yunnan.

\n

In Zhang's new Bai-style home, about a kilometer from the original site of his old house, the two friends reunited in a sunlit courtyard where a stone carving of the Chinese character fu (blessing) stands at the center.

\n

The students took photos of the delicately carved woodwork, lifelike cat tiles perched on the roof ridge, and the Tibetan-style fire pit in the spacious courtyard, while enjoying sweet watermelons from Zhang's garden.

\n

"How is life now?" they ask. "Do you still farm?"

\n

"I'm not very educated," Zhang replies, slightly nervous to host so many young foreigners for the first time.

\n

"But life is much better now." He adds that besides farming, he raises 30 pigs and 30 chickens. His family now lives in a house four times the size of the old one, with extra rooms available for rent.

\n

"The old house carries our memories," he says with a grin. "But I'm very happy it is now well-cherished on the other side of the Pacific."

\n

Former village head Urgyen Tsering recalls issuing the official certificate authorizing the house's dismantling. "No one imagined Americans would one day come to see it," he says. "Even less did we expect the house to become a bridge for people-to-people exchange between China and the US."

\n

Flower's ties with China date back to the late 1970s when, as a philosophy student, he first encountered the Chinese language through The Analects of Confucius. The normalization of China-US relations at the time opened doors for cultural exchange. In 1991, he made his first trip to China.

\n

He later spent several years in rural Sichuan province with his wife, deepening his understanding of Chinese culture and developing a lasting interest in village life. In the past decade, he has led his students on experiential learning trips to rural Yunnan.

\n

Many students in Flower's group are part of a large-scale China-US youth exchange program aimed at fostering mutual understanding through cultural, educational, and travel experiences.

\n

China announced a plan to invite 50,000 American youth to visit and study in China in the next five years, hoping that through firsthand experience, they can discover the real China while contributing to China-US friendship.

\n

As Flower strolled through the village, he admired the cement roads that had replaced muddy tracks. Guesthouses and local wine businesses had sprung up, yet the buildings still reflected a harmonious blend of Han, Tibetan, Bai, and Naxi styles, now equipped with modern comforts.

\n

"Just like the people here, different ethnic groups live together peacefully," Flower says.

\n

Before leaving, he invited Zhang and his wife to West Virginia to see his old home. Zhang smiled and nodded, like he did eight years ago when he went along with that "wild" idea.

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_008_68a8e305ed50ccabe15180ce.htm#008LIFE", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "45b88af3d0f0ca3c85e3c1da271f52da", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "009LIFE - Soprano's voice rises to the challenge", - "description": "
\n

Karen Ho as Mimi in La Boheme. Ho says performing as an Asian artist in Western opera requires resilience and adaptability.

\n

On stage at the San Francisco Opera, Chinese American soprano Karen Ho brings warmth and fragility to the role of Mimi in La Boheme, Giacomo Puccini's timeless portrayal of love and loss among struggling artists in 19th-century Paris.

\n

For Ho, the story of Mimi is more than a romantic tragedy — it mirrors her own journey as a passionate artist navigating challenges in a foreign land.

\n

"Love is something that is always happening," Ho says. "The love story in this opera reminds me of being a student, in our 20s, learning what it means to fall in love. That's why this story resonates with so many people."

\n

The opera's plot, she adds, is surprisingly familiar.

\n

"It feels like a student dormitory," she jokes. "Four male roommates and a girl from next door knocking just to make friends — it still happens today, maybe borrowing sugar or oil."

\n

Ho, now in her 15th year in the United States, arrived in the country with determination and little certainty. After completing a Master of Music program at the Eastman School of Music and earning an Artist Diploma from the University of Cincinnati College-Conservatory of Music, she faced a tough reality: at nearly 30 years old, she had gone beyond the age criteria for many artist programs that often favor younger singers.

\n

Undeterred, she built her career while working part time in New York.

\n

"I didn't want to rely on my family," she recalls. "I taught piano, commuting two hours each way for just $20 an hour. That income supported occasional voice lessons and auditions."

\n

But, she adds, "like the characters in the opera, I had hope and a dream to pursue".

\n

It was during her training in the US that Ho developed a deeper connection to opera as a multidisciplinary art.

\n

"In Asia, I hadn't experienced full-length operas. I used to think opera was just loud singing and repetitive love stories," she says. "But here, I saw how opera brings together so many elements — music, acting, costumes, design. That's when I realized how rich and collaborative the art form really is."

\n

Her breakthrough came in 2016, when she was cast as Princess Jia in San Francisco Opera's Dream of the Red Chamber, a landmark opera adaptation of the Chinese literary classic by Bright Sheng and David Henry Hwang.

\n

"I was young then, so I felt more excitement than pressure," she says. "I already had ties to the San Francisco Opera from their summer program in 2014. So when I was cast, I was overjoyed. It felt surreal.

\n

"To be part of an all-Asian cast and creative team for such a historic production was an incredible honor," she adds.

\n

Since then, she has expanded her repertoire across the country, debuting in the title role of Madame Butterfly with companies including Opera Philadelphia and Boston Lyric Opera during the 2023-24 season.

\n

Reflecting on her roles, from Princess Jia to Butterfly and Mimi, Ho says performing as an Asian artist in Western opera requires resilience and adaptability.

\n

"It hasn't been easy. Besides hard work, it takes timing and luck," she says. "When opportunities come, I take them."

\n

Her upbringing, she adds, instilled in her a strong sense of discipline. "I think my cultural background gave me a high tolerance for challenges," she says.

\n

In a 2016 production by the New Jersey Festival Orchestra, Ho performed the emotionally charged soprano, Lament of the Yellow River, from The Yellow River Cantata, composed by Xian Xinghai in 1939 during the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931-45).

\n

"I sang it for my teacher in New York, who has no Chinese background but was deeply moved," she says. "The lyrics are powerful, and the music is hauntingly beautiful. He couldn't understand why such music hadn't been performed more widely in the US."

\n

Citing San Francisco Opera's upcoming production of The Monkey King, a new opera based on Chinese classic novel Journey to the West, Ho expressed hope that Chinese stories will continue to gain global recognition.

\n

"I'm planning to buy a livestream ticket so I can watch it with audiences around the world," she says. "The world should recognize the talent and dedication of Chinese artists."

\n

As the US opera industry slowly opens more roles to Asian performers, Ho remains cautiously optimistic.

\n

"There has been progress, though slow," she says. "But I hope the pace picks up. There are so many talented Asian artists who deserve more chances."

\n

Despite the praise she has received for recent performances, Ho remains grounded. A review in online opera magazine Parterre Box described her Mimi as "lyrical" and "blossoming into a fuller sound", while Boston-based composer Arturo Fernandez called her Madame Butterfly performance "the highlight of the night".

\n

Yet, Ho keeps her focus on the work, not the accolades.

\n

"I don't read reviews during a production," she says with a smile. "I do my best each night. After the show ends, I read them — not for validation, but to reflect and grow."

\n

Contact the writer at liazhu@chinadailyusa.com

\n


获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", - "content": "
\n

Karen Ho as Mimi in La Boheme. Ho says performing as an Asian artist in Western opera requires resilience and adaptability.

\n

On stage at the San Francisco Opera, Chinese American soprano Karen Ho brings warmth and fragility to the role of Mimi in La Boheme, Giacomo Puccini's timeless portrayal of love and loss among struggling artists in 19th-century Paris.

\n

For Ho, the story of Mimi is more than a romantic tragedy — it mirrors her own journey as a passionate artist navigating challenges in a foreign land.

\n

"Love is something that is always happening," Ho says. "The love story in this opera reminds me of being a student, in our 20s, learning what it means to fall in love. That's why this story resonates with so many people."

\n

The opera's plot, she adds, is surprisingly familiar.

\n

"It feels like a student dormitory," she jokes. "Four male roommates and a girl from next door knocking just to make friends — it still happens today, maybe borrowing sugar or oil."

\n

Ho, now in her 15th year in the United States, arrived in the country with determination and little certainty. After completing a Master of Music program at the Eastman School of Music and earning an Artist Diploma from the University of Cincinnati College-Conservatory of Music, she faced a tough reality: at nearly 30 years old, she had gone beyond the age criteria for many artist programs that often favor younger singers.

\n

Undeterred, she built her career while working part time in New York.

\n

"I didn't want to rely on my family," she recalls. "I taught piano, commuting two hours each way for just $20 an hour. That income supported occasional voice lessons and auditions."

\n

But, she adds, "like the characters in the opera, I had hope and a dream to pursue".

\n

It was during her training in the US that Ho developed a deeper connection to opera as a multidisciplinary art.

\n

"In Asia, I hadn't experienced full-length operas. I used to think opera was just loud singing and repetitive love stories," she says. "But here, I saw how opera brings together so many elements — music, acting, costumes, design. That's when I realized how rich and collaborative the art form really is."

\n

Her breakthrough came in 2016, when she was cast as Princess Jia in San Francisco Opera's Dream of the Red Chamber, a landmark opera adaptation of the Chinese literary classic by Bright Sheng and David Henry Hwang.

\n

"I was young then, so I felt more excitement than pressure," she says. "I already had ties to the San Francisco Opera from their summer program in 2014. So when I was cast, I was overjoyed. It felt surreal.

\n

"To be part of an all-Asian cast and creative team for such a historic production was an incredible honor," she adds.

\n

Since then, she has expanded her repertoire across the country, debuting in the title role of Madame Butterfly with companies including Opera Philadelphia and Boston Lyric Opera during the 2023-24 season.

\n

Reflecting on her roles, from Princess Jia to Butterfly and Mimi, Ho says performing as an Asian artist in Western opera requires resilience and adaptability.

\n

"It hasn't been easy. Besides hard work, it takes timing and luck," she says. "When opportunities come, I take them."

\n

Her upbringing, she adds, instilled in her a strong sense of discipline. "I think my cultural background gave me a high tolerance for challenges," she says.

\n

In a 2016 production by the New Jersey Festival Orchestra, Ho performed the emotionally charged soprano, Lament of the Yellow River, from The Yellow River Cantata, composed by Xian Xinghai in 1939 during the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931-45).

\n

"I sang it for my teacher in New York, who has no Chinese background but was deeply moved," she says. "The lyrics are powerful, and the music is hauntingly beautiful. He couldn't understand why such music hadn't been performed more widely in the US."

\n

Citing San Francisco Opera's upcoming production of The Monkey King, a new opera based on Chinese classic novel Journey to the West, Ho expressed hope that Chinese stories will continue to gain global recognition.

\n

"I'm planning to buy a livestream ticket so I can watch it with audiences around the world," she says. "The world should recognize the talent and dedication of Chinese artists."

\n

As the US opera industry slowly opens more roles to Asian performers, Ho remains cautiously optimistic.

\n

"There has been progress, though slow," she says. "But I hope the pace picks up. There are so many talented Asian artists who deserve more chances."

\n

Despite the praise she has received for recent performances, Ho remains grounded. A review in online opera magazine Parterre Box described her Mimi as "lyrical" and "blossoming into a fuller sound", while Boston-based composer Arturo Fernandez called her Madame Butterfly performance "the highlight of the night".

\n

Yet, Ho keeps her focus on the work, not the accolades.

\n

"I don't read reviews during a production," she says with a smile. "I do my best each night. After the show ends, I read them — not for validation, but to reflect and grow."

\n

Contact the writer at liazhu@chinadailyusa.com

\n


获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_009_68a8e309ed50ccabe15180cf.htm#009LIFE", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "a926fb7234920139b6f5ecb1b42ec4f2", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "009LIFE - Famous Peking duck restaurant serves up a tasty treat in New York", - "description": "
\n

The interior of Quanjude in New York with decorations from the previous French fine dining establishment La Grenouille.

\n

After Quanjude's first failed attempt to enter the US market in Los Angeles some decades ago, it's coming back with a location situated in the vibrant Midtown area of New York City. This time with a different franchise ownership and a Michelin star.

\n

Located in a historical three-story building, the restaurant occupies the former site of the French fine dining establishment La Grenouille, which iDen & Quanjude, a Quanjude franchise under the ownership of Andy Zhang, acquired for $14.3 million.

\n

Under the dim light from crystal wall lamps around the restaurant, there's plush red velvet seats, classic oil paintings and bouquets of fresh flowers.

\n

The general manager of iDen & Quanjude, Wayne Pan, says this location has been a legendary restaurant site in New York with more than 60 years of history that once welcomed icons like David Bowie, Frank Sinatra and Truman Capote. It holds a deep meaning in many New Yorkers' hearts, which is why the original decor from La Grenouille has been preserved.

\n

Quanjude is a restaurant chain established in 1864 to serve royalty from the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). It witnessed and weathered some of the most important historical events including the end of the monarchy in China, World War II, and the founding of the People's Republic of China.

\n

Over the past 150 years, its Peking duck has become a national icon, with over 100 locations in China. It was also visited by several US presidents including Richard Nixon, Jimmy Carter, George H.W. Bush, Bill Clinton and Barack Obama.

\n

On its return to the North America market in 2019, Quanjude franchise iDen & Quanjude opened its Vancouver location, which is still going strong. It is also the only Michelin-starred Chinese restaurant in Canada, and has received a Michelin star for three straight years.

\n

The food critic from the Michelin Guide said, "It has a pedigree that traces back to an original location in Beijing from 1864, but the latest outpost in Vancouver proves that this legacy hasn't lost any of its luster. Indeed, the gold-accented dining room is a feast for the eyes, blending classic opulence with strikingly modern design."

\n

According to Pan, the ducks they serve are from a farm in Pennsylvania and are high in fat. All the ducks are fresh and never frozen. "We have high standards on our ducks," Pan says. "They are all the same size, packed six ducks per case, with the duck hair carefully removed, and the skin kept completely intact and undamaged."

\n

Pan explains that after all the organs are removed, the ducks are rinsed with hot water. Then, a special in-house sauce is applied to enhance the flavor and give them a rich, brown color. Afterward, the ducks are placed in a special drying cabinet for at least two days, which ensures the skin will be extra crispy. The final step involves roasting the ducks in an oven, as fire roasting is prohibited in New York.

\n

Then the duck is ready to be served with leeks imported from China, cucumber from Tianjin, paired with sweet bean paste made in house with a recipe from Quanjude in Beijing and wrapped in paper-thin pancakes.

\n

Other than the iconic Peking duck, the New York menu features a selection of upscale dishes crafted with premium ingredients such as bird's nest, sea cucumber, fish maw, lobster and geoduck (clams).

\n

Currently, iDen & Quanjude in New York is in a soft opening as, Pan explains, the second and third floors of the restaurant are still being decorated.

\n

"I hope Chinese people can experience the taste of home here, because many of us from northern China feel so happy when we eat this duck. I want Chinese people to feel at home, and I also hope Americans can experience the rich culture of Chinese food," says Pan, who also expressed the hope to promote Chinese high-end cuisine.

\n

This is not the first attempt by a Chinese Peking duck restaurant chain to enter the US fine dining market. In 2017, Dadong, another renowned Peking duck chain from China, also ventured into Manhattan with a prime location near Bryant Park. However, Dadong closed its doors just over two years later.

\n

The reviews for the iDen & Quanjude New York location have been mixed. New York Post food critic Steve Cuozzo gave the compliment that, "The bird from Pennsylvania's Jurgielewicz farm was flavor-rich and winningly moist beneath its amber skin", and "the food is as grown-up as the vibe".

\n

However, it didn't really impress Beijing native Jill Wang, 39, a Peking duck enthusiast, who came after hearing about it on RedNote. She says, "It's too greasy, not crispy enough … I don't think the duck here reached the Quanjude (Beijing) standard."

\n

Jill Wang's companion, Wei Wang from Shenyang, adds, "I like the environment here. This place used to be a French restaurant and they kept the decoration."

\n

He mentions that he would also like to try out places in Flushing and Washington DC for Peking duck.

\n

The success of iDen & Quanjude in Canada can be attributed to several key factors: its innovative decor featuring traditional Chinese elements, direct endorsement by the Michelin Guide, Quanjude's unrivaled reputation for Peking duck worldwide and the significant Chinese population residing in Vancouver.

\n

Only time will tell if iDen & Quanjude will survive New York's cutthroat dining landscape.

\n

bilinlin@chinadailyusa.com

\n

", - "content": "
\n

The interior of Quanjude in New York with decorations from the previous French fine dining establishment La Grenouille.

\n

After Quanjude's first failed attempt to enter the US market in Los Angeles some decades ago, it's coming back with a location situated in the vibrant Midtown area of New York City. This time with a different franchise ownership and a Michelin star.

\n

Located in a historical three-story building, the restaurant occupies the former site of the French fine dining establishment La Grenouille, which iDen & Quanjude, a Quanjude franchise under the ownership of Andy Zhang, acquired for $14.3 million.

\n

Under the dim light from crystal wall lamps around the restaurant, there's plush red velvet seats, classic oil paintings and bouquets of fresh flowers.

\n

The general manager of iDen & Quanjude, Wayne Pan, says this location has been a legendary restaurant site in New York with more than 60 years of history that once welcomed icons like David Bowie, Frank Sinatra and Truman Capote. It holds a deep meaning in many New Yorkers' hearts, which is why the original decor from La Grenouille has been preserved.

\n

Quanjude is a restaurant chain established in 1864 to serve royalty from the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). It witnessed and weathered some of the most important historical events including the end of the monarchy in China, World War II, and the founding of the People's Republic of China.

\n

Over the past 150 years, its Peking duck has become a national icon, with over 100 locations in China. It was also visited by several US presidents including Richard Nixon, Jimmy Carter, George H.W. Bush, Bill Clinton and Barack Obama.

\n

On its return to the North America market in 2019, Quanjude franchise iDen & Quanjude opened its Vancouver location, which is still going strong. It is also the only Michelin-starred Chinese restaurant in Canada, and has received a Michelin star for three straight years.

\n

The food critic from the Michelin Guide said, "It has a pedigree that traces back to an original location in Beijing from 1864, but the latest outpost in Vancouver proves that this legacy hasn't lost any of its luster. Indeed, the gold-accented dining room is a feast for the eyes, blending classic opulence with strikingly modern design."

\n

According to Pan, the ducks they serve are from a farm in Pennsylvania and are high in fat. All the ducks are fresh and never frozen. "We have high standards on our ducks," Pan says. "They are all the same size, packed six ducks per case, with the duck hair carefully removed, and the skin kept completely intact and undamaged."

\n

Pan explains that after all the organs are removed, the ducks are rinsed with hot water. Then, a special in-house sauce is applied to enhance the flavor and give them a rich, brown color. Afterward, the ducks are placed in a special drying cabinet for at least two days, which ensures the skin will be extra crispy. The final step involves roasting the ducks in an oven, as fire roasting is prohibited in New York.

\n

Then the duck is ready to be served with leeks imported from China, cucumber from Tianjin, paired with sweet bean paste made in house with a recipe from Quanjude in Beijing and wrapped in paper-thin pancakes.

\n

Other than the iconic Peking duck, the New York menu features a selection of upscale dishes crafted with premium ingredients such as bird's nest, sea cucumber, fish maw, lobster and geoduck (clams).

\n

Currently, iDen & Quanjude in New York is in a soft opening as, Pan explains, the second and third floors of the restaurant are still being decorated.

\n

"I hope Chinese people can experience the taste of home here, because many of us from northern China feel so happy when we eat this duck. I want Chinese people to feel at home, and I also hope Americans can experience the rich culture of Chinese food," says Pan, who also expressed the hope to promote Chinese high-end cuisine.

\n

This is not the first attempt by a Chinese Peking duck restaurant chain to enter the US fine dining market. In 2017, Dadong, another renowned Peking duck chain from China, also ventured into Manhattan with a prime location near Bryant Park. However, Dadong closed its doors just over two years later.

\n

The reviews for the iDen & Quanjude New York location have been mixed. New York Post food critic Steve Cuozzo gave the compliment that, "The bird from Pennsylvania's Jurgielewicz farm was flavor-rich and winningly moist beneath its amber skin", and "the food is as grown-up as the vibe".

\n

However, it didn't really impress Beijing native Jill Wang, 39, a Peking duck enthusiast, who came after hearing about it on RedNote. She says, "It's too greasy, not crispy enough … I don't think the duck here reached the Quanjude (Beijing) standard."

\n

Jill Wang's companion, Wei Wang from Shenyang, adds, "I like the environment here. This place used to be a French restaurant and they kept the decoration."

\n

He mentions that he would also like to try out places in Flushing and Washington DC for Peking duck.

\n

The success of iDen & Quanjude in Canada can be attributed to several key factors: its innovative decor featuring traditional Chinese elements, direct endorsement by the Michelin Guide, Quanjude's unrivaled reputation for Peking duck worldwide and the significant Chinese population residing in Vancouver.

\n

Only time will tell if iDen & Quanjude will survive New York's cutthroat dining landscape.

\n

bilinlin@chinadailyusa.com

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_009_68a8e30eed50ccabe15180d0.htm#009LIFE", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "f5b1e0688dd67563bc2654d65cfaa87d", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "010CULTURE - Shining his star onscreen", - "description": "
\n

Wang Xingyue is gaining recognition with his vivid portrayals in costume dramas, such as (from left) Scent of Time, Perfect Match and The Wanted Detective. His fan base continues to grow as some of these popular series are streamed on international platforms.

\n

Wang Xingyue, 23, has emerged as one of the most promising stars on Chinese screens.

\n

Wang plays the lead role in The Double, a romance drama which was distributed in multiple countries, including Thailand and South Korea.

\n

When you picture celebrities heading from their hotel to a film set, the scene is usually predictable: sunglasses on, masks up, and a quick dash to a waiting luxury van.

\n

But actor Wang Xingyue does not play that role.

\n

The 23-year-old rising star, who has gained international attention through costume dramas, such as The Wanted Detective and Perfect Match, has a habit of skipping the chauffeured ride. Instead, he jogs through Hengdian — China's "Hollywood" in Zhejiang province — a 20-minute low-carbon commute from his apartment to the set.

\n

Sometimes he goes even more low-key. On Tuesday, fans spotted him at a traffic light, perched on a bright yellow shared bike, casually dressed in a white tank top and a pair of blue jeans, pedaling his way to a recording studio. No entourage. No tinted glasses. Just another guy weaving through traffic.

\n

That unpolished, everyday energy defines Wang offscreen. But the moment the cameras roll, he becomes something else entirely — focused, meticulous and relentless.

\n

In his latest costume drama, The Wanted Detective, Wang plays a Sherlock Holmes-style investigator in ancient China who is framed for his mentor's murder and must clear his name. The character embodies xia — the martial-arts ideal of righteous chivalry rooted in Chinese knight-errant traditions.

\n

To prepare, Wang immersed himself into the part. He dissected the script, binge-read martial arts novels, and dived into the tension between honor, loyalty, and human nature.

\n

The Chinese title of The Wanted Detective is Ding Feng Bo, inspired by a poem written by Northern Song Dynasty (960-1127) poet Su Shi during his exile in Huangzhou (now in Huanggang, Hubei province), then an impoverished region far from the dynasty's prosperous capital. Su was banished there after being falsely accused of treason by political rivals who envied his literary influence and outspoken nature.

\n

Referring to a well-known line in the poem — where Su humorously compares his bamboo cane and straw sandals (hinting at his humble circumstances) to feeling "lighter than riding a horse" — Wang draws a parallel to his protagonist's journey: a man learning to adapt to harsh circumstances with resilience and grace.

\n

"I read the script again and again — it's the story of a genius at the height of his glory, cast down into the depths, enduring hardship and pain to expose the real villain. And in that struggle, he sheds his pride, his old self … and becomes something new," says Wang.

\n

"I could relate more to the character after researching the poem's creative backdrop," adds Wang.

\n

A native of Yueyang in Central China's Hunan province, Wang's life contrasts sharply with the struggles of many of his onscreen characters — his own journey has been much smoother. In his final year of middle school, while accompanying a classmate to an art college entrance exam, he unexpectedly caught the attention of the examiner.

\n

Realizing that show business might open a new path for him, Wang shifted his focus to acting. Through fierce competition, he earned admission to the Department of Acting at the Central Academy of Drama, renowned as the cradle of some of China's most famous stars.

\n

His years at the academy instilled in him not just the fundamentals of acting, but also a methodical approach to studying human behavior — often through documentaries and everyday life.

\n

"When waiting at train stations or sitting in restaurants with friends, I would deliberately observe people's facial expressions, gestures and movements. Then I'd incorporate those details into my performances," he says.

\n

Despite studying in Beijing — a vast metropolis where he once nearly got lost — the place he came to know best after graduation was Hengdian, a town dubbed "China's Hollywood" and home to Hengdian World Studios, the country's largest film and TV shooting base.

\n

In recent years, he has spent nearly 300 days a year shuttling from one historical drama to another, in an unbroken cycle of costumed roles.

\n

The work was immersive to the point of disorientation. Mornings began with hours in the makeup chair — with delicate makeup, heavy wigs, and intricately embroidered robes transforming him into someone from another era.

\n

"Sometimes, lying in my bed at night, I'd dream I was still in a palace, like I'd actually become the person I was playing," he says.

\n

His efforts soon bore fruit. After gaining recognition for his antagonist role in the 2021 costume drama One and Only, Wang expanded his international reach the following year when his food-themed series Delicacies Destiny was streamed on Disney Plus, winning praise for his vivid portrayal of a crown prince who falls in love with a talented female chef.

\n

In 2023, his costume drama Scent of Time aired on HBO, drawing a wider fan base with his performance as the gentle and affectionate head of a fragrance and medicine family. In 2024, his romance drama The Double — a tale of revenge and redemption — was distributed in multiple countries, including Thailand and South Korea.

\n

"I hope these dramas, deeply rooted in our rich culture and traditions, can carry China's legacy to audiences around the world," says the young actor.

\n

Contact the writer at xufan@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "content": "
\n

Wang Xingyue is gaining recognition with his vivid portrayals in costume dramas, such as (from left) Scent of Time, Perfect Match and The Wanted Detective. His fan base continues to grow as some of these popular series are streamed on international platforms.

\n

Wang Xingyue, 23, has emerged as one of the most promising stars on Chinese screens.

\n

Wang plays the lead role in The Double, a romance drama which was distributed in multiple countries, including Thailand and South Korea.

\n

When you picture celebrities heading from their hotel to a film set, the scene is usually predictable: sunglasses on, masks up, and a quick dash to a waiting luxury van.

\n

But actor Wang Xingyue does not play that role.

\n

The 23-year-old rising star, who has gained international attention through costume dramas, such as The Wanted Detective and Perfect Match, has a habit of skipping the chauffeured ride. Instead, he jogs through Hengdian — China's "Hollywood" in Zhejiang province — a 20-minute low-carbon commute from his apartment to the set.

\n

Sometimes he goes even more low-key. On Tuesday, fans spotted him at a traffic light, perched on a bright yellow shared bike, casually dressed in a white tank top and a pair of blue jeans, pedaling his way to a recording studio. No entourage. No tinted glasses. Just another guy weaving through traffic.

\n

That unpolished, everyday energy defines Wang offscreen. But the moment the cameras roll, he becomes something else entirely — focused, meticulous and relentless.

\n

In his latest costume drama, The Wanted Detective, Wang plays a Sherlock Holmes-style investigator in ancient China who is framed for his mentor's murder and must clear his name. The character embodies xia — the martial-arts ideal of righteous chivalry rooted in Chinese knight-errant traditions.

\n

To prepare, Wang immersed himself into the part. He dissected the script, binge-read martial arts novels, and dived into the tension between honor, loyalty, and human nature.

\n

The Chinese title of The Wanted Detective is Ding Feng Bo, inspired by a poem written by Northern Song Dynasty (960-1127) poet Su Shi during his exile in Huangzhou (now in Huanggang, Hubei province), then an impoverished region far from the dynasty's prosperous capital. Su was banished there after being falsely accused of treason by political rivals who envied his literary influence and outspoken nature.

\n

Referring to a well-known line in the poem — where Su humorously compares his bamboo cane and straw sandals (hinting at his humble circumstances) to feeling "lighter than riding a horse" — Wang draws a parallel to his protagonist's journey: a man learning to adapt to harsh circumstances with resilience and grace.

\n

"I read the script again and again — it's the story of a genius at the height of his glory, cast down into the depths, enduring hardship and pain to expose the real villain. And in that struggle, he sheds his pride, his old self … and becomes something new," says Wang.

\n

"I could relate more to the character after researching the poem's creative backdrop," adds Wang.

\n

A native of Yueyang in Central China's Hunan province, Wang's life contrasts sharply with the struggles of many of his onscreen characters — his own journey has been much smoother. In his final year of middle school, while accompanying a classmate to an art college entrance exam, he unexpectedly caught the attention of the examiner.

\n

Realizing that show business might open a new path for him, Wang shifted his focus to acting. Through fierce competition, he earned admission to the Department of Acting at the Central Academy of Drama, renowned as the cradle of some of China's most famous stars.

\n

His years at the academy instilled in him not just the fundamentals of acting, but also a methodical approach to studying human behavior — often through documentaries and everyday life.

\n

"When waiting at train stations or sitting in restaurants with friends, I would deliberately observe people's facial expressions, gestures and movements. Then I'd incorporate those details into my performances," he says.

\n

Despite studying in Beijing — a vast metropolis where he once nearly got lost — the place he came to know best after graduation was Hengdian, a town dubbed "China's Hollywood" and home to Hengdian World Studios, the country's largest film and TV shooting base.

\n

In recent years, he has spent nearly 300 days a year shuttling from one historical drama to another, in an unbroken cycle of costumed roles.

\n

The work was immersive to the point of disorientation. Mornings began with hours in the makeup chair — with delicate makeup, heavy wigs, and intricately embroidered robes transforming him into someone from another era.

\n

"Sometimes, lying in my bed at night, I'd dream I was still in a palace, like I'd actually become the person I was playing," he says.

\n

His efforts soon bore fruit. After gaining recognition for his antagonist role in the 2021 costume drama One and Only, Wang expanded his international reach the following year when his food-themed series Delicacies Destiny was streamed on Disney Plus, winning praise for his vivid portrayal of a crown prince who falls in love with a talented female chef.

\n

In 2023, his costume drama Scent of Time aired on HBO, drawing a wider fan base with his performance as the gentle and affectionate head of a fragrance and medicine family. In 2024, his romance drama The Double — a tale of revenge and redemption — was distributed in multiple countries, including Thailand and South Korea.

\n

"I hope these dramas, deeply rooted in our rich culture and traditions, can carry China's legacy to audiences around the world," says the young actor.

\n

Contact the writer at xufan@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_010_68a8e312ed50ccabe15180d1.htm#010CULTURE", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "26da49a2d93ffe3414da7b7ab526d2b6", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "010CULTURE - Wise friends: A tribute to East-West dialogue and exchange", - "description": "

The cultural collaboration between Italian missionary Matteo Ricci and Chinese scientist Xu Guangqi in the 17th century is celebrated in China, as seen in their sculptures in Beijing (top) and Shanghai (above).

\n

ROME — In the quiet hills of Italy's Marche region, the city of Macerata carries a legacy that extends far beyond its modest streets. It is the hometown of Italian missionary Matteo Ricci, one of the most influential cultural bridges between the East and the West in the 17th century.

\n

Today, Ricci's presence can be felt throughout the city. A map titled "Matteo Ricci Itinerary" guides visitors past landmarks bearing his name. At the heart of Macerata lies "Li Ma Dou" Square, named in Chinese pinyin to reflect Ricci's ties to China. Its centerpiece is the bronze sculpture Ricci and Xu Talk about the Way, which portrays Ricci alongside Chinese scientist Xu Guangqi.

\n

The statue shows Ricci in Confucian robes, his hand extended as if pointing toward a path, while Xu listens attentively. A plaque beneath describes them as "two wise men of the 17th century … pioneers of the fruitful encounter between Chinese and European civilizations".

\n

Created by Yang Dongbai of the Shanghai Institute of Visual Arts, the sculpture was unveiled in May as a gift from the Father Matteo Ricci International Foundation. "This work represents a vital cultural exchange between China and Italy, and I felt a deep sense of responsibility," Yang says.

\n

He explains that the artistic style incorporates elements of Chinese culture, aiming to capture the essence of friendship and dialogue.

\n

Ricci and Xu first met in China in the early 1600s. Their partnership, rooted in friendship with intellectual collaboration, led to the Chinese translation of Euclid's Elements and the introduction of Confucian texts to Europe.

\n

For Macerata, the unveiling of the sculpture adds to a series of memorials honoring Ricci's role in fostering cultural exchange.

\n

"Centuries ago, Ricci embraced Chinese culture. Today, the deep bond between our peoples remains strong," says Katiuscia Cassetta, councillor for culture of the Municipality of Macerata.

\n

In Shanghai, Xu's hometown, a corresponding sculpture stands in Guangqi Park. Since 2014, Macerata and Shanghai's Xuhui district have exchanged statues of Ricci and Xu, formalizing a gesture of cultural reciprocity.

\n

"Their friendship was built on equality, respect and mutual admiration. They set an example for today's exchanges between the two peoples," says Song Haojie, a scholar of Sino-Italian cultural exchange.

\n

Dario Grandoni, president of the Father Matteo Ricci International Foundation, highlights Ricci's enduring legacy of fostering mutual understanding.

\n

"Ricci was humble, respectful and deeply committed to understanding Chinese culture," he says.

\n

According to Grandoni, naming the square in Chinese pinyin is intended to make Chinese visitors feel welcome in Macerata, underscoring the square as a symbol of cultural integration.

\n

", - "content": "

The cultural collaboration between Italian missionary Matteo Ricci and Chinese scientist Xu Guangqi in the 17th century is celebrated in China, as seen in their sculptures in Beijing (top) and Shanghai (above).

\n

ROME — In the quiet hills of Italy's Marche region, the city of Macerata carries a legacy that extends far beyond its modest streets. It is the hometown of Italian missionary Matteo Ricci, one of the most influential cultural bridges between the East and the West in the 17th century.

\n

Today, Ricci's presence can be felt throughout the city. A map titled "Matteo Ricci Itinerary" guides visitors past landmarks bearing his name. At the heart of Macerata lies "Li Ma Dou" Square, named in Chinese pinyin to reflect Ricci's ties to China. Its centerpiece is the bronze sculpture Ricci and Xu Talk about the Way, which portrays Ricci alongside Chinese scientist Xu Guangqi.

\n

The statue shows Ricci in Confucian robes, his hand extended as if pointing toward a path, while Xu listens attentively. A plaque beneath describes them as "two wise men of the 17th century … pioneers of the fruitful encounter between Chinese and European civilizations".

\n

Created by Yang Dongbai of the Shanghai Institute of Visual Arts, the sculpture was unveiled in May as a gift from the Father Matteo Ricci International Foundation. "This work represents a vital cultural exchange between China and Italy, and I felt a deep sense of responsibility," Yang says.

\n

He explains that the artistic style incorporates elements of Chinese culture, aiming to capture the essence of friendship and dialogue.

\n

Ricci and Xu first met in China in the early 1600s. Their partnership, rooted in friendship with intellectual collaboration, led to the Chinese translation of Euclid's Elements and the introduction of Confucian texts to Europe.

\n

For Macerata, the unveiling of the sculpture adds to a series of memorials honoring Ricci's role in fostering cultural exchange.

\n

"Centuries ago, Ricci embraced Chinese culture. Today, the deep bond between our peoples remains strong," says Katiuscia Cassetta, councillor for culture of the Municipality of Macerata.

\n

In Shanghai, Xu's hometown, a corresponding sculpture stands in Guangqi Park. Since 2014, Macerata and Shanghai's Xuhui district have exchanged statues of Ricci and Xu, formalizing a gesture of cultural reciprocity.

\n

"Their friendship was built on equality, respect and mutual admiration. They set an example for today's exchanges between the two peoples," says Song Haojie, a scholar of Sino-Italian cultural exchange.

\n

Dario Grandoni, president of the Father Matteo Ricci International Foundation, highlights Ricci's enduring legacy of fostering mutual understanding.

\n

"Ricci was humble, respectful and deeply committed to understanding Chinese culture," he says.

\n

According to Grandoni, naming the square in Chinese pinyin is intended to make Chinese visitors feel welcome in Macerata, underscoring the square as a symbol of cultural integration.

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_010_68a8e316ed50ccabe15180d2.htm#010CULTURE", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "9f35c098e9334638dc6983cb96b324f0", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "011LIFE - Future melodies in ancient keys", - "description": "

Led by He Guiying (middle), children of the Jino ethnic group from Yunnan province will perform during the 28th Beijing Music Festival in October.

\n

China Philharmonic Orchestra will perform at the opening and closing concerts of the 28th Beijing Music Festival.

\n

Conductor Yu Long, founder of the Beijing Music Festival and chairman of the festival's artistic committee.

\n

New York-based rock band and chamber ensemble OK Miss, featuring composer Du Yun (second from left).

\n

Zou Shuang, artistic director of the event.

\n

As the 28th Beijing Music Festival prepares to open, the city is gearing up for a vibrant celebration of music that bridges tradition and modernity.

\n

Running from Oct 10 to 24, this year's festival promises a dynamic fusion of classical and contemporary works, highlighting both Chinese and international composers, while fostering musical dialogues between the East and West.

\n

According to Zou Shuang, the artistic director of the festival, this year's program showcases not only classical masterpieces but also new works from pioneering composers, reflecting a city that embraces its ancient roots while actively shaping contemporary creativity.

\n

The festival's opening and closing concerts will be performed by the China Philharmonic Orchestra, marking its 25th anniversary this year.

\n

The opening concert on Oct 10, conducted by Yu Long, founder of the festival and chairman of the Beijing Music Festival artistic committee, will be held at the National Centre for the Performing Arts and feature pianist Zhang Haochen performing Tchaikovsky's Piano Concerto No 1 alongside Shostakovich's Symphony No 5, commemorating the 50th anniversary of Shostakovich's passing.

\n

The closing concert on Oct 24 will feature a fusion of Eastern and Western musical works, with conductor Yang Yang and soloists including American violinist Gil Shaham and Hungarian mezzo-soprano Ildiko Komlosi.

\n

Under the baton of Yang, the China Philharmonic Orchestra and the chorus of the China National Opera House will perform excerpts from Chinese Kitchen, a music piece by composer Elliot Leung, who was born in Hong Kong and relocated to the United States at the age of 17. On Nov 23, 2024, the Shanghai Symphony Orchestra premiered Chinese Kitchen, a 10-movement piece about 10 Chinese delicacies. This work was commissioned by the Shanghai Symphony Orchestra for its 145th anniversary.

\n

Since its founding in 1998, the festival has prioritized Chinese composers, and this year continues that tradition with works by established and emerging talents.

\n

One of the most anticipated pieces is The Ocean Etched in the Forest by Du Yun, who won the Pulitzer Prize for Music for Angel's Bone in 2017.

\n

Co-directed with Julian Crouch, the production involves artists from the Jino ethnic group in Yunnan province, including He Guiying, an inheritor of the national-level intangible cultural heritage Jino drum dance.

\n

The inheritor has been recording the Jino ethnic group's children as they perform nearly forgotten local folk songs, which are interwoven with music from the American band, OK Miss, featuring Du. The result is an original musical tapestry that transcends time, geography, and generations, blending ancient traditions with contemporary innovations.

\n

During the performance of the Beijing Music Festival on Oct 12, children from the Jino ethnic group will perform with the musicians, which was commissioned by Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts and the Beijing Music Festival.

\n

"This means that the traditional music of China's ethnic groups will reach audiences worldwide through international collaboration," says Zou.

\n

"Tradition is not static; these cultural treasures should be reactivated on today's stage, bringing new energy and vitality."

\n

Another highlight is the BBC Philharmonic Orchestra and conductor John Storgards performing Huang Ruo's new symphonic work City of Floating Sounds on Oct 20. Huang is known for his distinctive orchestral piece that blends Chinese folk music with Western avant-garde music. The performance is paired with an immersive "city exploration" experience, inviting audiences to traverse Beijing while interacting with the music via a bespoke mobile app, blending auditory, visual, and spatial elements.

\n

Opera lovers will be treated to two iconic works spanning over two centuries: the concert version of George Frideric Handel's Rinaldo and Alban Berg's Wozzeck. The latter will be staged on Oct 18 as its China premiere, continuing the Beijing Music Festival's legacy of bringing cutting-edge opera to Chinese audiences.

\n

In line with its commitment to nurturing young talent, the festival features emerging musicians such as pianist An Tianxu, cellist Wang Tianyou, and Japanese pianist Hayato Sumino, who will participate in both performances and masterclasses, demonstrating their unique voices in the classical and crossover music scene.

\n

"These young artists possess exceptional technical skills and distinctive artistic voices," says Yu. "We are providing more opportunities for young musicians to showcase their talents. From classical interpretations to avant-garde crossover explorations, they convey the festival's theme through diverse performances, injecting fresh energy into the future of classical music."

\n

With the goal of making music accessible, the festival will extend its reach beyond traditional concert halls. The "music and travel" initiative invites audiences to explore Beijing's cultural landmarks through interactive music experiences. This innovative project blends the worlds of tourism, music, and community engagement, offering an immersive way to experience the city's cultural life.

\n

"I've noticed many young people watch concerts on their phones, either recorded or livestreamed. While videos can offer a glimpse of music, nothing compares to the full experience of live performances," says Yu. "True magic happens in the shared energy, the immediacy, and the connection with the music and performers. We encourage young people to step away from their screens and embrace that magic — it's where the heart of music beats strongest."

\n

Contact the writer at chennan@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "content": "

Led by He Guiying (middle), children of the Jino ethnic group from Yunnan province will perform during the 28th Beijing Music Festival in October.

\n

China Philharmonic Orchestra will perform at the opening and closing concerts of the 28th Beijing Music Festival.

\n

Conductor Yu Long, founder of the Beijing Music Festival and chairman of the festival's artistic committee.

\n

New York-based rock band and chamber ensemble OK Miss, featuring composer Du Yun (second from left).

\n

Zou Shuang, artistic director of the event.

\n

As the 28th Beijing Music Festival prepares to open, the city is gearing up for a vibrant celebration of music that bridges tradition and modernity.

\n

Running from Oct 10 to 24, this year's festival promises a dynamic fusion of classical and contemporary works, highlighting both Chinese and international composers, while fostering musical dialogues between the East and West.

\n

According to Zou Shuang, the artistic director of the festival, this year's program showcases not only classical masterpieces but also new works from pioneering composers, reflecting a city that embraces its ancient roots while actively shaping contemporary creativity.

\n

The festival's opening and closing concerts will be performed by the China Philharmonic Orchestra, marking its 25th anniversary this year.

\n

The opening concert on Oct 10, conducted by Yu Long, founder of the festival and chairman of the Beijing Music Festival artistic committee, will be held at the National Centre for the Performing Arts and feature pianist Zhang Haochen performing Tchaikovsky's Piano Concerto No 1 alongside Shostakovich's Symphony No 5, commemorating the 50th anniversary of Shostakovich's passing.

\n

The closing concert on Oct 24 will feature a fusion of Eastern and Western musical works, with conductor Yang Yang and soloists including American violinist Gil Shaham and Hungarian mezzo-soprano Ildiko Komlosi.

\n

Under the baton of Yang, the China Philharmonic Orchestra and the chorus of the China National Opera House will perform excerpts from Chinese Kitchen, a music piece by composer Elliot Leung, who was born in Hong Kong and relocated to the United States at the age of 17. On Nov 23, 2024, the Shanghai Symphony Orchestra premiered Chinese Kitchen, a 10-movement piece about 10 Chinese delicacies. This work was commissioned by the Shanghai Symphony Orchestra for its 145th anniversary.

\n

Since its founding in 1998, the festival has prioritized Chinese composers, and this year continues that tradition with works by established and emerging talents.

\n

One of the most anticipated pieces is The Ocean Etched in the Forest by Du Yun, who won the Pulitzer Prize for Music for Angel's Bone in 2017.

\n

Co-directed with Julian Crouch, the production involves artists from the Jino ethnic group in Yunnan province, including He Guiying, an inheritor of the national-level intangible cultural heritage Jino drum dance.

\n

The inheritor has been recording the Jino ethnic group's children as they perform nearly forgotten local folk songs, which are interwoven with music from the American band, OK Miss, featuring Du. The result is an original musical tapestry that transcends time, geography, and generations, blending ancient traditions with contemporary innovations.

\n

During the performance of the Beijing Music Festival on Oct 12, children from the Jino ethnic group will perform with the musicians, which was commissioned by Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts and the Beijing Music Festival.

\n

"This means that the traditional music of China's ethnic groups will reach audiences worldwide through international collaboration," says Zou.

\n

"Tradition is not static; these cultural treasures should be reactivated on today's stage, bringing new energy and vitality."

\n

Another highlight is the BBC Philharmonic Orchestra and conductor John Storgards performing Huang Ruo's new symphonic work City of Floating Sounds on Oct 20. Huang is known for his distinctive orchestral piece that blends Chinese folk music with Western avant-garde music. The performance is paired with an immersive "city exploration" experience, inviting audiences to traverse Beijing while interacting with the music via a bespoke mobile app, blending auditory, visual, and spatial elements.

\n

Opera lovers will be treated to two iconic works spanning over two centuries: the concert version of George Frideric Handel's Rinaldo and Alban Berg's Wozzeck. The latter will be staged on Oct 18 as its China premiere, continuing the Beijing Music Festival's legacy of bringing cutting-edge opera to Chinese audiences.

\n

In line with its commitment to nurturing young talent, the festival features emerging musicians such as pianist An Tianxu, cellist Wang Tianyou, and Japanese pianist Hayato Sumino, who will participate in both performances and masterclasses, demonstrating their unique voices in the classical and crossover music scene.

\n

"These young artists possess exceptional technical skills and distinctive artistic voices," says Yu. "We are providing more opportunities for young musicians to showcase their talents. From classical interpretations to avant-garde crossover explorations, they convey the festival's theme through diverse performances, injecting fresh energy into the future of classical music."

\n

With the goal of making music accessible, the festival will extend its reach beyond traditional concert halls. The "music and travel" initiative invites audiences to explore Beijing's cultural landmarks through interactive music experiences. This innovative project blends the worlds of tourism, music, and community engagement, offering an immersive way to experience the city's cultural life.

\n

"I've noticed many young people watch concerts on their phones, either recorded or livestreamed. While videos can offer a glimpse of music, nothing compares to the full experience of live performances," says Yu. "True magic happens in the shared energy, the immediacy, and the connection with the music and performers. We encourage young people to step away from their screens and embrace that magic — it's where the heart of music beats strongest."

\n

Contact the writer at chennan@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_011_68a8e31aed50ccabe15180d3.htm#011LIFE", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "bc7ef74c6cac78d5e86f8e110f4b9200", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "011LIFE - Bi-city program bridges cultures, creativity, and communities", - "description": "

Participants and officials take a photo after a dialogue on The Vision of Youth for the Future of Cultural Districts at the Palace Museum in Beijing.

\n

Students share ideas on digital storytelling, visitor engagement and cultural branding, drawing on their learning journey and internship experiences during the Bi-city Youth Cultural Leadership Program.

\n

Sixteen university students from Beijing and Hong Kong gathered at the Palace Museum on Tuesday, not just to tour its historic halls but to imagine the future of China's cultural districts.

\n

The discussion was a highlight of the ongoing Hong Kong Palace Museum's fourth Bi-city Youth Cultural Leadership Program.

\n

By promoting cultural development in both cities, the program aims to strengthen Hong Kong's position as an East-meets-West center for international cultural exchange.

\n

During the exchange, Wang Xudong, director of the Palace Museum, emphasized the Palace Museum's unwavering commitment to safeguarding China's cultural relics. He highlighted its role in advancing cultural heritage conservation through innovative strategies and international collaboration.

\n

Bringing fresh perspectives, the students shared ideas on digital storytelling, visitor engagement and cultural branding, drawing on their learning journey and internship experiences under the program in Hong Kong and Beijing.

\n

They stressed the importance of providing platforms to young local artists, integrating audience traffic across different venues within a cultural district, and creating inviting spaces that encourage longer visits. Their insights also included the need to bridge the gap between the districts and local grassroots communities, enhancing cultural exchange and community involvement.

\n

The students also visited the Sensory Experience Gallery of the Palace Museum, which they said deepened their understanding of cultural intellectual property, brand operations, and the development of cultural and creative products.

\n

"We are pleased to welcome students from the Bi-city Youth Cultural Leadership Program to the Palace Museum," Wang says.

\n

"This meaningful initiative offers young people a platform to explore the changing landscape of cultural institutions and apply their creativity to real-world challenges. Their participation brings fresh perspectives and energy into the future of cultural districts. We look forward to strengthening our partnership with the Hong Kong Palace Museum to jointly nurture cultural talents and advance our shared mission of Chinese culture," he adds.

\n

Louis Ng, director of the Hong Kong Palace Museum, says the program encourages students to envision the future of cultural districts through creativity, community, and innovation.

\n

"The program underscores our mission to nurture cultural leadership through cross-boundary collaboration and contribute to sustainable urban development. We are proud to see students exploring complex cultural questions and proposing thoughtful ideas that reflect both ambition and a grounded understanding of the opportunities and challenges shaping the cultural landscape across different cities," Ng says.

\n

Besides the Palace Museum visit, the Beijing stage of the program will enable students to participate in inspiring dialogues with industry experts, and a curated district city walk in Beijing.

\n

After Beijing, the students will conclude their cultural journey in Shanghai, where they will visit landmark developments and urban cultural hubs.

\n

Since its launch in 2022, the program has engaged nearly 150 students from Beijing and Hong Kong, aiming to inspire and nurture the next generation of cultural talent from Hong Kong and Beijing.

\n

yangfeiyue@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "content": "

Participants and officials take a photo after a dialogue on The Vision of Youth for the Future of Cultural Districts at the Palace Museum in Beijing.

\n

Students share ideas on digital storytelling, visitor engagement and cultural branding, drawing on their learning journey and internship experiences during the Bi-city Youth Cultural Leadership Program.

\n

Sixteen university students from Beijing and Hong Kong gathered at the Palace Museum on Tuesday, not just to tour its historic halls but to imagine the future of China's cultural districts.

\n

The discussion was a highlight of the ongoing Hong Kong Palace Museum's fourth Bi-city Youth Cultural Leadership Program.

\n

By promoting cultural development in both cities, the program aims to strengthen Hong Kong's position as an East-meets-West center for international cultural exchange.

\n

During the exchange, Wang Xudong, director of the Palace Museum, emphasized the Palace Museum's unwavering commitment to safeguarding China's cultural relics. He highlighted its role in advancing cultural heritage conservation through innovative strategies and international collaboration.

\n

Bringing fresh perspectives, the students shared ideas on digital storytelling, visitor engagement and cultural branding, drawing on their learning journey and internship experiences under the program in Hong Kong and Beijing.

\n

They stressed the importance of providing platforms to young local artists, integrating audience traffic across different venues within a cultural district, and creating inviting spaces that encourage longer visits. Their insights also included the need to bridge the gap between the districts and local grassroots communities, enhancing cultural exchange and community involvement.

\n

The students also visited the Sensory Experience Gallery of the Palace Museum, which they said deepened their understanding of cultural intellectual property, brand operations, and the development of cultural and creative products.

\n

"We are pleased to welcome students from the Bi-city Youth Cultural Leadership Program to the Palace Museum," Wang says.

\n

"This meaningful initiative offers young people a platform to explore the changing landscape of cultural institutions and apply their creativity to real-world challenges. Their participation brings fresh perspectives and energy into the future of cultural districts. We look forward to strengthening our partnership with the Hong Kong Palace Museum to jointly nurture cultural talents and advance our shared mission of Chinese culture," he adds.

\n

Louis Ng, director of the Hong Kong Palace Museum, says the program encourages students to envision the future of cultural districts through creativity, community, and innovation.

\n

"The program underscores our mission to nurture cultural leadership through cross-boundary collaboration and contribute to sustainable urban development. We are proud to see students exploring complex cultural questions and proposing thoughtful ideas that reflect both ambition and a grounded understanding of the opportunities and challenges shaping the cultural landscape across different cities," Ng says.

\n

Besides the Palace Museum visit, the Beijing stage of the program will enable students to participate in inspiring dialogues with industry experts, and a curated district city walk in Beijing.

\n

After Beijing, the students will conclude their cultural journey in Shanghai, where they will visit landmark developments and urban cultural hubs.

\n

Since its launch in 2022, the program has engaged nearly 150 students from Beijing and Hong Kong, aiming to inspire and nurture the next generation of cultural talent from Hong Kong and Beijing.

\n

yangfeiyue@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_011_68a8e31eed50ccabe15180d4.htm#011LIFE", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "b151a6c72b0107c34835cf88a9a1899c", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "012LIFE - Xizang culture expands creative output", - "description": "

Carvers of Tibetan woodblock, a printing tradition that has been passed down for more than 340 years, work in their studio in Lhasa, Southwest China's Xizang autonomous region.

\n

An artist mixes pigments for Tibetan thangka paintings, which has been lauded as an illustrated encyclopedia of Tibetan culture for its unique artistic and cultural value.

\n

Dressed in traditional Tibetan costume, a woman poses in front of a painting in Lhasa.

\n

A potter looks at the finished product after a process that involved clay selection, sculpting and coloring.

\n

Phursong carving was listed as an intangible cultural heritage in Xizang in 2009. The manual production takes 30 steps to complete.

\n

A young man concentrates on his thangka artwork. The art was included on the national intangible cultural heritage list in 2006.

\n

Made from natural medicinal herbs, Tibetan incense is still handmade in Xizang to maintain quality standards.

\n

Stylish, colorful and exquisite workmanship ensures that modern Tibetan costumes are attractive and easy to wear.

\n

Over decades of sustained efforts, authorities in the Xizang autonomous region have significantly advanced the protection, inheritance, and development of its intangible cultural heritage.

\n

From 2012 to 2024, both the central government and regional authorities allocated 473 million yuan ($65.85 million) in dedicated funding to preserve its cultural legacy, according to a white paper published this year.

\n

The investment has driven comprehensive initiatives including safeguarding representative intangible cultural heritage projects, systematically documenting master inheritors at the national level, supporting apprenticeship programs and transmission activities, and building dedicated conservation facilities.

\n

Tangible outcomes highlight the success of these efforts. Xizang now boasts about 2,760 protected intangible cultural heritage items. Among them, Gesar epic tradition, Tibetan Opera, and the Lum medicinal bathing of Sowa Rigpa have been registered on the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.

\n

Early this year, culture and tourism authorities in Xizang recognized its fifth group of 101 regional-level intangible cultural heritage inheritors, bringing the total number of inheritors in the region to 1,790, ensuring traditional skills and knowledge endure for future generations.

\n

They include individuals selected from various fields, such as folk literature, Tibetan Opera, traditional handicrafts, traditional sports, and acrobatics.

\n

", - "content": "

Carvers of Tibetan woodblock, a printing tradition that has been passed down for more than 340 years, work in their studio in Lhasa, Southwest China's Xizang autonomous region.

\n

An artist mixes pigments for Tibetan thangka paintings, which has been lauded as an illustrated encyclopedia of Tibetan culture for its unique artistic and cultural value.

\n

Dressed in traditional Tibetan costume, a woman poses in front of a painting in Lhasa.

\n

A potter looks at the finished product after a process that involved clay selection, sculpting and coloring.

\n

Phursong carving was listed as an intangible cultural heritage in Xizang in 2009. The manual production takes 30 steps to complete.

\n

A young man concentrates on his thangka artwork. The art was included on the national intangible cultural heritage list in 2006.

\n

Made from natural medicinal herbs, Tibetan incense is still handmade in Xizang to maintain quality standards.

\n

Stylish, colorful and exquisite workmanship ensures that modern Tibetan costumes are attractive and easy to wear.

\n

Over decades of sustained efforts, authorities in the Xizang autonomous region have significantly advanced the protection, inheritance, and development of its intangible cultural heritage.

\n

From 2012 to 2024, both the central government and regional authorities allocated 473 million yuan ($65.85 million) in dedicated funding to preserve its cultural legacy, according to a white paper published this year.

\n

The investment has driven comprehensive initiatives including safeguarding representative intangible cultural heritage projects, systematically documenting master inheritors at the national level, supporting apprenticeship programs and transmission activities, and building dedicated conservation facilities.

\n

Tangible outcomes highlight the success of these efforts. Xizang now boasts about 2,760 protected intangible cultural heritage items. Among them, Gesar epic tradition, Tibetan Opera, and the Lum medicinal bathing of Sowa Rigpa have been registered on the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.

\n

Early this year, culture and tourism authorities in Xizang recognized its fifth group of 101 regional-level intangible cultural heritage inheritors, bringing the total number of inheritors in the region to 1,790, ensuring traditional skills and knowledge endure for future generations.

\n

They include individuals selected from various fields, such as folk literature, Tibetan Opera, traditional handicrafts, traditional sports, and acrobatics.

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_012_68a8e323ed50ccabe15180d5.htm#012LIFE", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "3b681e74341edbf303828239094d513a", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "001FRONT - 60 YEARS OF PROGRESS MARKED", - "description": "

President Xi Jinping, who is also general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, attends a grand gathering on Thursday at the Potala Palace square in Lhasa, capital of the Xizang autonomous region, to mark the region's 60th founding anniversary.

\n

Residents at a mass parade during the grand gathering in Lhasa on Thursday.

\n

Thousands take part in the celebrations with the Potala Palace in the background.

\n

President Xi Jinping joined around 20,000 local officials and people from all ethnic groups and all walks of life in a grand gathering on Thursday at the Potala Palace square in Lhasa to mark the 60th founding anniversary of the Xizang autonomous region.

\n

Xi, who is also general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, arrived in the regional capital on Wednesday with a central delegation to attend the festivities.

\n

It was the first time in the history of the Party and the country that a leader attended such an event in the capacities of general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, Chinese president and chairman of the CMC.

\n

The gathering commenced at 10 am, with all attendees standing to sing the national anthem. The bright five-starred national flag was hoisted solemnly at the site.

\n

A congratulatory message from the CPC Central Committee, the National People's Congress Standing Committee, the State Council, the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference National Committee and the CMC was read out.

\n

Wang Huning, chairman of the CPPCC National Committee and head of the central delegation, then presented a plaque bearing Xi's inscription, "Jointly building a community for the Chinese nation, writing a new chapter for a beautiful Xizang," as a congratulatory gift.

\n

Cai Qi, director of the General Office of the CPC Central Committee, was also present at the gathering.

\n

Addressing the event, Wang said the founding of the Xizang autonomous region in September 1965 marked an epoch-making event.

\n

Over the past six decades, Xizang has made significant strides in economic and social development, fully demonstrating the strong leadership of the CPC and the clear political strength of China's socialist system, he said.

\n

Wang said that since the 18th CPC National Congress in 2012, Xizang has entered its best period of development and made the most substantial progress, with people of all ethnic groups benefiting more than ever before.

\n

He emphasized that Xizang is an inalienable part of China, and its affairs are purely China's internal affairs, which brook no interference from external forces.

\n

Any attempt to split the motherland and undermine Xizang's stability is doomed to fail, he said.

\n

Wang also called for efforts to consolidate and develop ethnic solidarity, promote high-quality socioeconomic development, and continuously improve people's well-being to advance common prosperity in Xizang.

\n

Drolma Renzin, a 73-year-old Lhasa resident, gave a speech as a representative of the local people, saying that she still remembered how the news of the autonomous region's founding spread swiftly across the plateau.

\n

"Sixty years may be just a fleeting moment in the long river of history, but for the people of Xizang, it has been an epic of endeavor and transformation," she said.

\n

The ceremony concluded with a vibrant mass parade in an auspicious and festive atmosphere with music and dance. Twenty-six formations of floats, including seven representing Xizang's seven prefecture-level cities, and performers marched past in colorful costumes, expressing joy over their new lives and gratitude to the Party and the country. Xi and other leaders waved to the crowds.

\n

When the float from Shigatse passed, performers in traditional attire moved in the bold and vigorous steps of Gyashe, a traditional Tibetan dance, to the beat of drums and music, showcasing the unity and vitality of people living at the foot of Qomolangma, known as Mount Everest in the West.

\n

The audience waved their flags to cheer and show support for the prefecture, which had endured a magnitude 6.8 earthquake earlier this year.

\n

Meanwhile, in Zingkar village of Dingri county, one of the hardest-hit areas, residents watched the celebration from their new homes. Last week, the village, with 126 households, completed its resettlement with government support.

\n

"With the care of General Secretary Xi and help from the Party and government, all of our villagers have moved into new houses," said Nyima Tsering, the village head.

\n

"From here on, we will continue to build a better life with our own hands under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee."

\n

Xi left Xizang after attending the founding anniversary celebrations.

\n

Following Xi's instructions, the central delegation headed by Wang Huning will visit various parts of Xizang from Thursday to Saturday to extend greetings and support to people of all ethnic groups and sectors.

\n

Xi's entourage, including senior official Cai Qi, returned on the same flight.

\n

Contact the writers at mojingxi@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "content": "

President Xi Jinping, who is also general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, attends a grand gathering on Thursday at the Potala Palace square in Lhasa, capital of the Xizang autonomous region, to mark the region's 60th founding anniversary.

\n

Residents at a mass parade during the grand gathering in Lhasa on Thursday.

\n

Thousands take part in the celebrations with the Potala Palace in the background.

\n

President Xi Jinping joined around 20,000 local officials and people from all ethnic groups and all walks of life in a grand gathering on Thursday at the Potala Palace square in Lhasa to mark the 60th founding anniversary of the Xizang autonomous region.

\n

Xi, who is also general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, arrived in the regional capital on Wednesday with a central delegation to attend the festivities.

\n

It was the first time in the history of the Party and the country that a leader attended such an event in the capacities of general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, Chinese president and chairman of the CMC.

\n

The gathering commenced at 10 am, with all attendees standing to sing the national anthem. The bright five-starred national flag was hoisted solemnly at the site.

\n

A congratulatory message from the CPC Central Committee, the National People's Congress Standing Committee, the State Council, the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference National Committee and the CMC was read out.

\n

Wang Huning, chairman of the CPPCC National Committee and head of the central delegation, then presented a plaque bearing Xi's inscription, "Jointly building a community for the Chinese nation, writing a new chapter for a beautiful Xizang," as a congratulatory gift.

\n

Cai Qi, director of the General Office of the CPC Central Committee, was also present at the gathering.

\n

Addressing the event, Wang said the founding of the Xizang autonomous region in September 1965 marked an epoch-making event.

\n

Over the past six decades, Xizang has made significant strides in economic and social development, fully demonstrating the strong leadership of the CPC and the clear political strength of China's socialist system, he said.

\n

Wang said that since the 18th CPC National Congress in 2012, Xizang has entered its best period of development and made the most substantial progress, with people of all ethnic groups benefiting more than ever before.

\n

He emphasized that Xizang is an inalienable part of China, and its affairs are purely China's internal affairs, which brook no interference from external forces.

\n

Any attempt to split the motherland and undermine Xizang's stability is doomed to fail, he said.

\n

Wang also called for efforts to consolidate and develop ethnic solidarity, promote high-quality socioeconomic development, and continuously improve people's well-being to advance common prosperity in Xizang.

\n

Drolma Renzin, a 73-year-old Lhasa resident, gave a speech as a representative of the local people, saying that she still remembered how the news of the autonomous region's founding spread swiftly across the plateau.

\n

"Sixty years may be just a fleeting moment in the long river of history, but for the people of Xizang, it has been an epic of endeavor and transformation," she said.

\n

The ceremony concluded with a vibrant mass parade in an auspicious and festive atmosphere with music and dance. Twenty-six formations of floats, including seven representing Xizang's seven prefecture-level cities, and performers marched past in colorful costumes, expressing joy over their new lives and gratitude to the Party and the country. Xi and other leaders waved to the crowds.

\n

When the float from Shigatse passed, performers in traditional attire moved in the bold and vigorous steps of Gyashe, a traditional Tibetan dance, to the beat of drums and music, showcasing the unity and vitality of people living at the foot of Qomolangma, known as Mount Everest in the West.

\n

The audience waved their flags to cheer and show support for the prefecture, which had endured a magnitude 6.8 earthquake earlier this year.

\n

Meanwhile, in Zingkar village of Dingri county, one of the hardest-hit areas, residents watched the celebration from their new homes. Last week, the village, with 126 households, completed its resettlement with government support.

\n

"With the care of General Secretary Xi and help from the Party and government, all of our villagers have moved into new houses," said Nyima Tsering, the village head.

\n

"From here on, we will continue to build a better life with our own hands under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee."

\n

Xi left Xizang after attending the founding anniversary celebrations.

\n

Following Xi's instructions, the central delegation headed by Wang Huning will visit various parts of Xizang from Thursday to Saturday to extend greetings and support to people of all ethnic groups and sectors.

\n

Xi's entourage, including senior official Cai Qi, returned on the same flight.

\n

Contact the writers at mojingxi@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_001_68a7936bed50ccabe1517f3d.htm#001FRONT", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "5f223ab886843cec69b461c81988e240", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "001FRONT - Discovering truths about happiness on roof of world", - "description": "

Mo Jingxi

\n

Earlier this week, I arrived in Lhasa to cover the 60th founding anniversary of the Xizang autonomous region. It was my third journey to the plateau, and as always, I was reminded of the same piece of advice: Walk slowly, speak slowly.

\n

But as I interacted more and more with the locals, I discovered that while their steps may be measured, their words are quick, direct and utterly unadorned.

\n

At the Potala Palace square on Thursday morning, after the grand celebration, I spoke briefly with a student who had been waving national flags so enthusiastically that she kept them raised even as we talked.

\n

Seventeen-year-old Tsering Wangmo told me that her favorite part was the float parade, especially the one representing her home prefecture, Nagchu. "The float showcased Nagchu's yak industry while also reflecting the simplicity of its people. It made me feel the breath of home," she said.

\n

Two years ago, Tsering Wangmo left Nagchu to study at Lhasa Middle School. Since preschool, she has benefited from Xizang's "Three Guarantees" policy — covering food, accommodations and school expenses for children of farmers, herders and impoverished urban families — easing the burden on her family, which mainly relies on cordyceps, a medicinal fungus, for a living.

\n

Now a senior preparing for the college entrance exams, she told me her dream is to study at Beijing Normal University.

\n

"And then?" I asked.

\n

"First I have to get admitted," she replied.

\n

Her bluntness startled me, but she was right. As long as one works steadily, the future may be beyond imagination.

\n

Back in 1965, when the Xizang autonomous region was founded, few could have foreseen that in just a few decades it would achieve what elsewhere might take centuries: socioeconomic progress and historic accomplishments across various sectors.

\n

Education, in particular, has transformed lives. Sixty years ago, there were fewer than 100 schools across the region. Today, there are over 3,600, with nearly 1 million students enrolled — more than a quarter of Xizang's entire population. Tsering Wangmo is just one of them, with her path shaped by opportunities unimaginable to her grandparents' generation.

\n

During my stay in Lhasa, I got the chance to visit the home of He Xiuying, a longtime resident. We talked about lingka — the Tibetan custom of spending a day outdoors, in parks, gardens, or by riversides, with friends and family.

\n

"When I was little, there was no lingka. We didn't even have enough to eat — how could we think of lingka?"

\n

Born in 1958, He was only 7 years old when the Xizang autonomous region was established. At the time, annual disposable income was counted in mere hundreds of yuan — only tens of US dollars. Her childhood was stitched together with patchwork clothes and bowls of barley flour mixed with wild vegetables.

\n

Six decades on, everything looks different. Average disposable income has risen more than a hundredfold — to 55,444 yuan ($7,724) for city dwellers and 21,578 yuan for farmers and herders.

\n

For He, lingka is now a part of everyday life, something to enjoy with friends on a whim. When I asked her favorite pastime during lingka, she lowered her gaze, broke into a shy smile, and said, "Drinking beer."

\n

I couldn't help but laugh with her. So ordinary, so unpretentious — and yet it revealed a truth I would hear again and again: Happiness often hides in the most familiar moments.

\n

Her candor reminded me of another woman I met, Lhagdron, from Lhasa's Chushul county. The 62-year-old never had children, and for years depended on her niece's care. That changed in 2020, when her village established an eldercare center called the Haven of Happiness, built with funds from the village's collective economy, pairing assistance program from Jiangsu province and money allocated by the civil affairs authorities.

\n

Now, every morning, she walks there to spend her day with other seniors, enjoying free meals, health checkups and companionship.

\n

"Every night before I fall asleep, I feel happy knowing that tomorrow I can go to the center again," she told me, smiling all the time during our conversation.

\n

Happiness, I realized, is not only freedom from burdens — it is also the simple joy of having tomorrow to look forward to.

\n

Her village, Sanyou, was the first relocation site in Xizang, built in 2016 for families who once lived deep in impoverished mountain valleys. I can't help but wonder: When Lhagdron was still there, could she have ever dreamed of a life like this?

\n

Such moments were far from rare. Time and again, it was this unadorned sincerity that moved me. Here, where feelings are never dressed in polished words, I believe their happiness is true.

\n

This year marks the 60th anniversary of the founding of the Xizang autonomous region. In Lhasa's streets, colorful flags ripple in the mountain winds, their colors as bright and unguarded as the smiles of the people who live beneath them.

\n

When a central delegation led by President Xi Jinping arrived in Lhasa on Wednesday, nearly 1,000 local residents in festive attire welcomed them at the airport with flowers and white hada scarves, singing and dancing in celebration.

\n

It was the second time that 65-year-old Pema had come to the airport to greet the central delegation. Seeing President Xi again, he said, felt warm and familiar, like meeting a family member.

\n

"The people of Xizang have experienced transformative changes," he told me. "Just as one won't lose their way by following the Big Dipper, following the Communist Party of China leads to happiness."

\n

mojingxi@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "content": "

Mo Jingxi

\n

Earlier this week, I arrived in Lhasa to cover the 60th founding anniversary of the Xizang autonomous region. It was my third journey to the plateau, and as always, I was reminded of the same piece of advice: Walk slowly, speak slowly.

\n

But as I interacted more and more with the locals, I discovered that while their steps may be measured, their words are quick, direct and utterly unadorned.

\n

At the Potala Palace square on Thursday morning, after the grand celebration, I spoke briefly with a student who had been waving national flags so enthusiastically that she kept them raised even as we talked.

\n

Seventeen-year-old Tsering Wangmo told me that her favorite part was the float parade, especially the one representing her home prefecture, Nagchu. "The float showcased Nagchu's yak industry while also reflecting the simplicity of its people. It made me feel the breath of home," she said.

\n

Two years ago, Tsering Wangmo left Nagchu to study at Lhasa Middle School. Since preschool, she has benefited from Xizang's "Three Guarantees" policy — covering food, accommodations and school expenses for children of farmers, herders and impoverished urban families — easing the burden on her family, which mainly relies on cordyceps, a medicinal fungus, for a living.

\n

Now a senior preparing for the college entrance exams, she told me her dream is to study at Beijing Normal University.

\n

"And then?" I asked.

\n

"First I have to get admitted," she replied.

\n

Her bluntness startled me, but she was right. As long as one works steadily, the future may be beyond imagination.

\n

Back in 1965, when the Xizang autonomous region was founded, few could have foreseen that in just a few decades it would achieve what elsewhere might take centuries: socioeconomic progress and historic accomplishments across various sectors.

\n

Education, in particular, has transformed lives. Sixty years ago, there were fewer than 100 schools across the region. Today, there are over 3,600, with nearly 1 million students enrolled — more than a quarter of Xizang's entire population. Tsering Wangmo is just one of them, with her path shaped by opportunities unimaginable to her grandparents' generation.

\n

During my stay in Lhasa, I got the chance to visit the home of He Xiuying, a longtime resident. We talked about lingka — the Tibetan custom of spending a day outdoors, in parks, gardens, or by riversides, with friends and family.

\n

"When I was little, there was no lingka. We didn't even have enough to eat — how could we think of lingka?"

\n

Born in 1958, He was only 7 years old when the Xizang autonomous region was established. At the time, annual disposable income was counted in mere hundreds of yuan — only tens of US dollars. Her childhood was stitched together with patchwork clothes and bowls of barley flour mixed with wild vegetables.

\n

Six decades on, everything looks different. Average disposable income has risen more than a hundredfold — to 55,444 yuan ($7,724) for city dwellers and 21,578 yuan for farmers and herders.

\n

For He, lingka is now a part of everyday life, something to enjoy with friends on a whim. When I asked her favorite pastime during lingka, she lowered her gaze, broke into a shy smile, and said, "Drinking beer."

\n

I couldn't help but laugh with her. So ordinary, so unpretentious — and yet it revealed a truth I would hear again and again: Happiness often hides in the most familiar moments.

\n

Her candor reminded me of another woman I met, Lhagdron, from Lhasa's Chushul county. The 62-year-old never had children, and for years depended on her niece's care. That changed in 2020, when her village established an eldercare center called the Haven of Happiness, built with funds from the village's collective economy, pairing assistance program from Jiangsu province and money allocated by the civil affairs authorities.

\n

Now, every morning, she walks there to spend her day with other seniors, enjoying free meals, health checkups and companionship.

\n

"Every night before I fall asleep, I feel happy knowing that tomorrow I can go to the center again," she told me, smiling all the time during our conversation.

\n

Happiness, I realized, is not only freedom from burdens — it is also the simple joy of having tomorrow to look forward to.

\n

Her village, Sanyou, was the first relocation site in Xizang, built in 2016 for families who once lived deep in impoverished mountain valleys. I can't help but wonder: When Lhagdron was still there, could she have ever dreamed of a life like this?

\n

Such moments were far from rare. Time and again, it was this unadorned sincerity that moved me. Here, where feelings are never dressed in polished words, I believe their happiness is true.

\n

This year marks the 60th anniversary of the founding of the Xizang autonomous region. In Lhasa's streets, colorful flags ripple in the mountain winds, their colors as bright and unguarded as the smiles of the people who live beneath them.

\n

When a central delegation led by President Xi Jinping arrived in Lhasa on Wednesday, nearly 1,000 local residents in festive attire welcomed them at the airport with flowers and white hada scarves, singing and dancing in celebration.

\n

It was the second time that 65-year-old Pema had come to the airport to greet the central delegation. Seeing President Xi again, he said, felt warm and familiar, like meeting a family member.

\n

"The people of Xizang have experienced transformative changes," he told me. "Just as one won't lose their way by following the Big Dipper, following the Communist Party of China leads to happiness."

\n

mojingxi@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_001_68a7936fed50ccabe1517f3e.htm#001FRONT", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "3b436507ed476dcfb164215b710ab037", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "001FRONT - XIZANG BORDER TOWNSHIP THRIVES THANKS TO ADVANCEMENTS, PATRIOTISM", - "description": "

Online See more by scanning the code.

\n

Yangzom (left) and her sister Zhoigar are given a national flag that flew on Kaishan Island, an outpost in the Yellow Sea by national role model Wang Shihua (right) in 2019.

\n

The two sisters pay their respects to their father.

\n

Zhoigar holds her grandson and talks to her daughter via a WeChat call on Oct 15 in Yulmed.

\n

The owner of a convenience store arranges the goods on a shelf.

\n

Tourists admire the beautiful scenery of Yulmed from the roadside in Shannan, Xizang autonomous region in 2023.

\n

Wei Xin, a representative of the Hunan aid team, presents Children's Day gifts to students at the primary school in Yulmed on June 1, 2022.

\n

Pan Long (left), a doctor from Chuzhou, Anhui province, provides medical checkups to a Tibetan resident in Yulmed on July 20, 2020.

\n

When Pasang Tsering took a teaching job at the school in Yulmed, Xizang autonomous region, in 2007, he was warned by many people that the living conditions in the township located in the southern foothills of the Himalayas were very tough.

\n

But he was still surprised by the reality of everyday life in what was once the least-populated township in China.

\n

"Surrounded by mountains on three sides at an average altitude of more than 5,000 meters, it took me about four days to get to the township from the county seat of Lhunze due to the poor condition of the road," Pasang Tsering said. "I literally had to traverse steep slopes and rugged paths on foot to get to Yulmed. I will never forget that trip."

\n

With an unstable electricity supply from a small hydropower station, even watching TV was a luxury back then. In Yulmed, located in the remote area near the China-India border, communication with the outside world was often cut off, he added.

\n

But things are completely different today. A three-person township decades ago, it is now home to over 200 people and oversees two villages. Pasang Tsering has become the Party chief of one village, also called Yulmed.

\n

With improved infrastructure, such as roads and telecommunications, the locals can access the latest information via social media and have online orders delivered to their doorstep, just like people in Beijing, Pasang Tsering said proudly.

\n

"If a place like Yulmed can thrive so much in less than two decades, the development of Xizang as a whole is even more extraordinary," he said.

\n

People have to get through two mountain passes at an altitude above 5,000 meters to get to Yulmed from Lhunze, Shannan city. Besides the stunning view of the snow-capped mountains and grand valleys, the 10-kilovolt power transmission line extended by the State Grid to Yulmed in 2019 along the well-paved road is also hard to miss.

\n

The reconstruction of a 50-kilometer paved road connecting Yulmed to a neighboring township was completed in the same year with investment of over 500 million yuan ($69.67 million) by the state, which stopped it being snowbound every year.

\n

"Before the reconstruction of the road, Yulmed would become inaccessible to vehicles when it started to snow in October, until at least the following June. The widened and hardened road has fundamentally changed people's life," Pasang Tsering said.

\n

Since 2018, Yulmed has built itself into a prosperous border township with steel-framed houses, an electricity grid, roads, a 5G network, medical care and financial services facilities.

\n

"As life in Yulmed has become more convenient than ever, more young people are willing to come and run businesses including shops, restaurants, family inns and teahouses," he said. "The children can also receive good education via online courses, which is something I wouldn't even dare to dream about when I was a teacher."

\n

Family patrols

\n

Tenzin Samdrup came to Yulmed about 10 years ago, married and had children. The couple run a courier business, which has become increasingly busy.

\n

Delivery services can now reach Yulmed after roads were improved, and it's very convenient for residents to buy things online. In the past, people had to travel for days to buy daily necessities from nearby townships, Tenzin Samdrup, 31, said.

\n

"Nowadays, there are hundreds of express parcels arriving in Yulmed every day. More and more people are shopping online. It's quite something considering how remote Yulmed is."

\n

With improved infrastructure, tourism is also booming, especially between June and September. By the end of 2024, a total of 55 families in the township had set up homestays to accommodate tourists.

\n

Rinchen Phuntsog, the township head, said a tourist service and reception center has been built and is expected to begin operating by the end of this year. "It will be helpful to attract tourists and increase the income of our village collective."

\n

Although the population in Yulmed has continued to grow, between 1964 and 1996 only three people lived in the township — Yangzom, her sister Zhoigar, and their father Sangye Chopa, the former township head.

\n

The family was determined to protect a total of 3,644 square kilometers of township land on the border between China and India.

\n

Yangzom, 62, began patrolling the border with her father when she was 16 years old. He passed away in 2001, but he instilled in her the attitude that protecting the land beneath your feet is to protect your country, she said. Their old residence has been turned into a museum that faithfully recreates the former poor living conditions of the family.

\n

"Many people moved away because life in Yulmed was too tough to endure back then," Yangzom said.

\n

"I asked my father why we must stay. He said if people all moved away, the land beneath would be lost, which is something he wouldn't allow. They were his exact words," she said.

\n

Father's legacy

\n

Zhoigar married a herdsman named Pasang who took on the family responsibility of patrolling the border while also herding his yaks. From the outset, he upheld the traditions established by his wife's father.

\n

"We wanted people to see that there are Chinese people guarding the border. We all do it from our heart and proudly," he said. "As shown to us by Sangye Chopa, we put the Chinese national flag at key intersections near the border to show our presence, which is very important.

\n

"We had to make those flags all by ourselves. Even the red cloth for the flags was hard to source back then, so they were the most valuable things," said Pasang.

\n

A giant slogan in red on a hillside that reads our "Home is Yulmed, country is China" once uttered by Sangye Chopa, is now the most famous landmark in the township.

\n

"Everyone in the village knows the family and its story. Those words still represent the spirit of the Yulmed people," Pasang Tsering, the teacher, said.

\n

Since setting foot in Yulmed, Pasang Tsering has also been taking border patrol trips regularly in the mountains lasting three to five days.

\n

The family's legacy has become well known in China after President Xi Jinping replied to the letter they wrote to him in 2017 introducing Yulmed.

\n

Xi, who is also general secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and chairman of the Central Military Commission, acknowledged the family's efforts to safeguard the territory, and thanked them for the loyalty and contributions they have made in the border area.

\n

"Without the peace in the territory, there will be no peaceful lives for the millions of families," Xi wrote.

\n

Xi also expressed his hope that the family would motivate more people to set down roots in the border area and become guardians of the Chinese territory and constructors of a happy hometown.

\n

In 2021, Zhoigar was awarded the July 1 Medal, the highest honor in the Party established by the CPC Central Committee, for her decades-long guarding of the country's territory.

\n

Since 2018, Xizang has launched a campaign to develop its 624 villages along the 4,000-kilometer border with India, Nepal, Myanmar and Bhutan, which is of great significance to the long-term peace of the region and China's sovereignty.

\n

The region has ramped up policy support for the project, sped up construction in those border areas, and made extensive efforts to improve the livelihoods of residents living there.

\n

Nowadays, the border villages in Xizang have been provided with paved roads, while all the border townships in the region are now connected to power networks and mobile internet services.

\n

Furthermore, local people's access to safe drinking water has been guaranteed, and public facilities have been further improved to make sure local residents can enjoy education and medical care. Specialty industries have also been developed in the region's border areas to promote prosperity for rural residents.

\n

Yangzom now mainly runs a homestay and takes care of her naughty grandson who she believes spends too much time watching cartoons on an electronic tablet.

\n

"I am sure my father would be very happy to see how Yulmed has been developed and transformed," she said, "and I have nothing to worry about now since the younger generation of villagers can have a good life here."

\n

"More importantly, they all understand the importance of protecting the homeland, just like we do," she said.

\n

cuijia@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "content": "

Online See more by scanning the code.

\n

Yangzom (left) and her sister Zhoigar are given a national flag that flew on Kaishan Island, an outpost in the Yellow Sea by national role model Wang Shihua (right) in 2019.

\n

The two sisters pay their respects to their father.

\n

Zhoigar holds her grandson and talks to her daughter via a WeChat call on Oct 15 in Yulmed.

\n

The owner of a convenience store arranges the goods on a shelf.

\n

Tourists admire the beautiful scenery of Yulmed from the roadside in Shannan, Xizang autonomous region in 2023.

\n

Wei Xin, a representative of the Hunan aid team, presents Children's Day gifts to students at the primary school in Yulmed on June 1, 2022.

\n

Pan Long (left), a doctor from Chuzhou, Anhui province, provides medical checkups to a Tibetan resident in Yulmed on July 20, 2020.

\n

When Pasang Tsering took a teaching job at the school in Yulmed, Xizang autonomous region, in 2007, he was warned by many people that the living conditions in the township located in the southern foothills of the Himalayas were very tough.

\n

But he was still surprised by the reality of everyday life in what was once the least-populated township in China.

\n

"Surrounded by mountains on three sides at an average altitude of more than 5,000 meters, it took me about four days to get to the township from the county seat of Lhunze due to the poor condition of the road," Pasang Tsering said. "I literally had to traverse steep slopes and rugged paths on foot to get to Yulmed. I will never forget that trip."

\n

With an unstable electricity supply from a small hydropower station, even watching TV was a luxury back then. In Yulmed, located in the remote area near the China-India border, communication with the outside world was often cut off, he added.

\n

But things are completely different today. A three-person township decades ago, it is now home to over 200 people and oversees two villages. Pasang Tsering has become the Party chief of one village, also called Yulmed.

\n

With improved infrastructure, such as roads and telecommunications, the locals can access the latest information via social media and have online orders delivered to their doorstep, just like people in Beijing, Pasang Tsering said proudly.

\n

"If a place like Yulmed can thrive so much in less than two decades, the development of Xizang as a whole is even more extraordinary," he said.

\n

People have to get through two mountain passes at an altitude above 5,000 meters to get to Yulmed from Lhunze, Shannan city. Besides the stunning view of the snow-capped mountains and grand valleys, the 10-kilovolt power transmission line extended by the State Grid to Yulmed in 2019 along the well-paved road is also hard to miss.

\n

The reconstruction of a 50-kilometer paved road connecting Yulmed to a neighboring township was completed in the same year with investment of over 500 million yuan ($69.67 million) by the state, which stopped it being snowbound every year.

\n

"Before the reconstruction of the road, Yulmed would become inaccessible to vehicles when it started to snow in October, until at least the following June. The widened and hardened road has fundamentally changed people's life," Pasang Tsering said.

\n

Since 2018, Yulmed has built itself into a prosperous border township with steel-framed houses, an electricity grid, roads, a 5G network, medical care and financial services facilities.

\n

"As life in Yulmed has become more convenient than ever, more young people are willing to come and run businesses including shops, restaurants, family inns and teahouses," he said. "The children can also receive good education via online courses, which is something I wouldn't even dare to dream about when I was a teacher."

\n

Family patrols

\n

Tenzin Samdrup came to Yulmed about 10 years ago, married and had children. The couple run a courier business, which has become increasingly busy.

\n

Delivery services can now reach Yulmed after roads were improved, and it's very convenient for residents to buy things online. In the past, people had to travel for days to buy daily necessities from nearby townships, Tenzin Samdrup, 31, said.

\n

"Nowadays, there are hundreds of express parcels arriving in Yulmed every day. More and more people are shopping online. It's quite something considering how remote Yulmed is."

\n

With improved infrastructure, tourism is also booming, especially between June and September. By the end of 2024, a total of 55 families in the township had set up homestays to accommodate tourists.

\n

Rinchen Phuntsog, the township head, said a tourist service and reception center has been built and is expected to begin operating by the end of this year. "It will be helpful to attract tourists and increase the income of our village collective."

\n

Although the population in Yulmed has continued to grow, between 1964 and 1996 only three people lived in the township — Yangzom, her sister Zhoigar, and their father Sangye Chopa, the former township head.

\n

The family was determined to protect a total of 3,644 square kilometers of township land on the border between China and India.

\n

Yangzom, 62, began patrolling the border with her father when she was 16 years old. He passed away in 2001, but he instilled in her the attitude that protecting the land beneath your feet is to protect your country, she said. Their old residence has been turned into a museum that faithfully recreates the former poor living conditions of the family.

\n

"Many people moved away because life in Yulmed was too tough to endure back then," Yangzom said.

\n

"I asked my father why we must stay. He said if people all moved away, the land beneath would be lost, which is something he wouldn't allow. They were his exact words," she said.

\n

Father's legacy

\n

Zhoigar married a herdsman named Pasang who took on the family responsibility of patrolling the border while also herding his yaks. From the outset, he upheld the traditions established by his wife's father.

\n

"We wanted people to see that there are Chinese people guarding the border. We all do it from our heart and proudly," he said. "As shown to us by Sangye Chopa, we put the Chinese national flag at key intersections near the border to show our presence, which is very important.

\n

"We had to make those flags all by ourselves. Even the red cloth for the flags was hard to source back then, so they were the most valuable things," said Pasang.

\n

A giant slogan in red on a hillside that reads our "Home is Yulmed, country is China" once uttered by Sangye Chopa, is now the most famous landmark in the township.

\n

"Everyone in the village knows the family and its story. Those words still represent the spirit of the Yulmed people," Pasang Tsering, the teacher, said.

\n

Since setting foot in Yulmed, Pasang Tsering has also been taking border patrol trips regularly in the mountains lasting three to five days.

\n

The family's legacy has become well known in China after President Xi Jinping replied to the letter they wrote to him in 2017 introducing Yulmed.

\n

Xi, who is also general secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and chairman of the Central Military Commission, acknowledged the family's efforts to safeguard the territory, and thanked them for the loyalty and contributions they have made in the border area.

\n

"Without the peace in the territory, there will be no peaceful lives for the millions of families," Xi wrote.

\n

Xi also expressed his hope that the family would motivate more people to set down roots in the border area and become guardians of the Chinese territory and constructors of a happy hometown.

\n

In 2021, Zhoigar was awarded the July 1 Medal, the highest honor in the Party established by the CPC Central Committee, for her decades-long guarding of the country's territory.

\n

Since 2018, Xizang has launched a campaign to develop its 624 villages along the 4,000-kilometer border with India, Nepal, Myanmar and Bhutan, which is of great significance to the long-term peace of the region and China's sovereignty.

\n

The region has ramped up policy support for the project, sped up construction in those border areas, and made extensive efforts to improve the livelihoods of residents living there.

\n

Nowadays, the border villages in Xizang have been provided with paved roads, while all the border townships in the region are now connected to power networks and mobile internet services.

\n

Furthermore, local people's access to safe drinking water has been guaranteed, and public facilities have been further improved to make sure local residents can enjoy education and medical care. Specialty industries have also been developed in the region's border areas to promote prosperity for rural residents.

\n

Yangzom now mainly runs a homestay and takes care of her naughty grandson who she believes spends too much time watching cartoons on an electronic tablet.

\n

"I am sure my father would be very happy to see how Yulmed has been developed and transformed," she said, "and I have nothing to worry about now since the younger generation of villagers can have a good life here."

\n

"More importantly, they all understand the importance of protecting the homeland, just like we do," she said.

\n

cuijia@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_001_68a79374ed50ccabe1517f3f.htm#001FRONT", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "67368c6129305200a5e671343738cc1f", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "004CHINA - 'Up-or-out' rule ebbs at universities", - "description": "

An increasing number of Chinese universities are explicitly stating that they will not implement the controversial "up-or-out" tenure-track policy for incoming faculty, signaling a potential shift away from the high-pressure academic employment practice. Under the policy, new faculty members can be demoted, transferred or even dismissed if they fail to earn a promotion within a certain period of time.

\n

In an announcement in August, the Ocean University of China in Qingdao, Shandong province, made it clear that it would not implement the policy for recruited high-level talent. Successful candidates will be appointed as professors under the university's high-level talent program, incorporated into the establishment's permanent job system and granted doctoral supervisor status.

\n

Meanwhile, higher education institutions — including Hangzhou Dianzi University, the Shenyang University of Technology's Liaoyang campus and the School of Marxism of the Guangxi University of Science and Technology — have recently emphasized in recruitment announcements that positions come with establishment posts and are exempt from the up-or-out requirement.

\n

Cai Zhenhua, an associate professor at Xiangtan University's School of Public Administration, said the up-or-out policy, widely adopted in recent years, typically targets new faculty — especially young doctorate holders — who sign fixed-term contracts.

\n

The policy imposes strict performance targets primarily focused on research achievements such as publishing papers and receiving grants. Failure to meet these goals within the contract period results in dismissal, demotion or transfer, he said.

\n

Originally designed to incentivize high performance and prevent complacency, the policy was mainly implemented by top universities with strong platforms and attractive benefits to foster competition, he said.

\n

However, the policy has generated significant controversy. Cai argues it exacerbates an already competitive job market for the expanding pool of doctoral graduates.

\n

"Furthermore, its rigid application fails to account for disciplines requiring long-term research investment, such as humanities, archaeology and foundational bottleneck technologies, potentially stifling genuine innovation in favor of short-term, sometimes lower-quality outputs," he said.

\n

The policy has also been linked to an intensely stressful and competitive environment, where young scholars endure excessive workloads to meet demanding quantitative targets, affecting their wellbeing, he said.

\n

Last year, Song Kai, an associate professor at Nanjing Forestry University, was believed to have died by suicide due to the academic pressure from the up-or-out policy, which attracted widespread public scrutiny of the policy.

\n

According to Sanlian Lifeweek magazine, before his death, Song told his family members that he was "extremely busy" and "too late" for a grant application. When he was feeling down, his family told Song that he should not "walk that path" (take his own life), and even though he said he would not, he eventually did so.

\n

However, a university official said he was not demoted but was rather asked to return the 10,000 yuan ($1,393) the university had given him because he did not meet the university's requirement, which was written in his contract. The university also said he suffered from depression.

\n

Cai said the recent abandonment of the up-or-out policy by some universities appears driven by dual objectives: directly addressing the intense pressures faced by young academics by offering greater job security, and enhancing institutional competitiveness in attracting top talent who increasingly prefer universities without such policies.

\n

The shift away from up-or-out aligns with national policies advocating against the sole reliance on papers, titles, degrees, awards and projects in talent evaluation, which emphasize reducing burdens on young researchers and encouraging long-term, innovative research, he said.

\n

Additionally, young talent are increasingly seeking stable positions with good benefits and manageable pressure to help them settle down after graduation, he added.

\n

A new teacher surnamed Liang at a university in Jiangxi province said his institution does not implement the up-or-out policy as it is not a well-known university.

\n

Liang, who has worked at the university since obtaining a doctorate in engineering last year, said competition for young teachers is already intense without the policy as they often lack the resources and experience to get projects, national funds and publish papers.

\n

"Without the policy, young teachers' lives are already hard enough as they try to balance pressure from teaching and academic research," he said. "With the policy, it would be unbearable for us."

\n

Meanwhile, Liang said his university just stopped offering lifelong tenure to professors, so he is worried that policies will be implemented for young teachers as well to push for academic output.

\n

zoushuo@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "content": "

An increasing number of Chinese universities are explicitly stating that they will not implement the controversial "up-or-out" tenure-track policy for incoming faculty, signaling a potential shift away from the high-pressure academic employment practice. Under the policy, new faculty members can be demoted, transferred or even dismissed if they fail to earn a promotion within a certain period of time.

\n

In an announcement in August, the Ocean University of China in Qingdao, Shandong province, made it clear that it would not implement the policy for recruited high-level talent. Successful candidates will be appointed as professors under the university's high-level talent program, incorporated into the establishment's permanent job system and granted doctoral supervisor status.

\n

Meanwhile, higher education institutions — including Hangzhou Dianzi University, the Shenyang University of Technology's Liaoyang campus and the School of Marxism of the Guangxi University of Science and Technology — have recently emphasized in recruitment announcements that positions come with establishment posts and are exempt from the up-or-out requirement.

\n

Cai Zhenhua, an associate professor at Xiangtan University's School of Public Administration, said the up-or-out policy, widely adopted in recent years, typically targets new faculty — especially young doctorate holders — who sign fixed-term contracts.

\n

The policy imposes strict performance targets primarily focused on research achievements such as publishing papers and receiving grants. Failure to meet these goals within the contract period results in dismissal, demotion or transfer, he said.

\n

Originally designed to incentivize high performance and prevent complacency, the policy was mainly implemented by top universities with strong platforms and attractive benefits to foster competition, he said.

\n

However, the policy has generated significant controversy. Cai argues it exacerbates an already competitive job market for the expanding pool of doctoral graduates.

\n

"Furthermore, its rigid application fails to account for disciplines requiring long-term research investment, such as humanities, archaeology and foundational bottleneck technologies, potentially stifling genuine innovation in favor of short-term, sometimes lower-quality outputs," he said.

\n

The policy has also been linked to an intensely stressful and competitive environment, where young scholars endure excessive workloads to meet demanding quantitative targets, affecting their wellbeing, he said.

\n

Last year, Song Kai, an associate professor at Nanjing Forestry University, was believed to have died by suicide due to the academic pressure from the up-or-out policy, which attracted widespread public scrutiny of the policy.

\n

According to Sanlian Lifeweek magazine, before his death, Song told his family members that he was "extremely busy" and "too late" for a grant application. When he was feeling down, his family told Song that he should not "walk that path" (take his own life), and even though he said he would not, he eventually did so.

\n

However, a university official said he was not demoted but was rather asked to return the 10,000 yuan ($1,393) the university had given him because he did not meet the university's requirement, which was written in his contract. The university also said he suffered from depression.

\n

Cai said the recent abandonment of the up-or-out policy by some universities appears driven by dual objectives: directly addressing the intense pressures faced by young academics by offering greater job security, and enhancing institutional competitiveness in attracting top talent who increasingly prefer universities without such policies.

\n

The shift away from up-or-out aligns with national policies advocating against the sole reliance on papers, titles, degrees, awards and projects in talent evaluation, which emphasize reducing burdens on young researchers and encouraging long-term, innovative research, he said.

\n

Additionally, young talent are increasingly seeking stable positions with good benefits and manageable pressure to help them settle down after graduation, he added.

\n

A new teacher surnamed Liang at a university in Jiangxi province said his institution does not implement the up-or-out policy as it is not a well-known university.

\n

Liang, who has worked at the university since obtaining a doctorate in engineering last year, said competition for young teachers is already intense without the policy as they often lack the resources and experience to get projects, national funds and publish papers.

\n

"Without the policy, young teachers' lives are already hard enough as they try to balance pressure from teaching and academic research," he said. "With the policy, it would be unbearable for us."

\n

Meanwhile, Liang said his university just stopped offering lifelong tenure to professors, so he is worried that policies will be implemented for young teachers as well to push for academic output.

\n

zoushuo@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_004_68a79382ed50ccabe1517f43.htm#004CHINA", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "c675cf14dba1f809d5462d2f2fd52971", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "004CHINA - Wings and waves", - "description": "

Tourists ride a speedboat through the waves as dozens of professionally trained wild geese soar gracefully alongside in Shendu town, Huangshan, Anhui province, on Wednesday. This picturesque scene of birds and the boat against clear waters paints a vivid picture of harmony between humans and nature.

\n

", - "content": "

Tourists ride a speedboat through the waves as dozens of professionally trained wild geese soar gracefully alongside in Shendu town, Huangshan, Anhui province, on Wednesday. This picturesque scene of birds and the boat against clear waters paints a vivid picture of harmony between humans and nature.

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_004_68a79386ed50ccabe1517f44.htm#004CHINA", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "ab6af2b9fb5571e94a4814362ddc5697", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "004CHINA - Journey of justice", - "description": "

A docent discusses exhibits with visiting journalists at an exhibition on the role of China's procuratorial agencies in investigating and prosecuting Japanese war criminals in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931-45) in Beijing, on Thursday.

\n

", - "content": "

A docent discusses exhibits with visiting journalists at an exhibition on the role of China's procuratorial agencies in investigating and prosecuting Japanese war criminals in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931-45) in Beijing, on Thursday.

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_004_68a7938bed50ccabe1517f45.htm#004CHINA", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "e1bb4fd20d6efa2ba3d1d3513f478774", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "004CHINA - Complex surgery saves man with rare injury", - "description": "

Doctors in Shanghai have successfully performed an ultra-complex surgery on a man with a severe neck injury akin to an "internal decapitation" after he was struck by a mechanical arm, saving his life.

\n

The 55-year-old patient, surnamed Li, suffered a rare and severe cervical vertebra fracture and dislocation. He underwent reduction and fixation surgery at Shanghai Changzheng Hospital and was discharged in July. Upon release, he was able to move his shoulders and lift his wrists, doctors said.

\n

The accident occurred on May 31 in Changshu, a city in neighboring Jiangsu province, when Li was hit from above by a mechanical arm. The blow caused catastrophic damage to his cervical spine. He immediately suffered high-level paralysis and cardiac arrest at the scene. His weak vital signs were restored only after receiving CPR.

\n

On June 3, Li was transferred to Shanghai Changzheng Hospital. Imaging showed an extremely rare and extensive cervical dislocation, with a severe spinal cord contusion and tearing of critical nerve and vascular structures.

\n

The patient was at a high risk of severe bleeding and vertebral artery injury, potentially causing shock or a fatal stroke. A massive hematoma had formed at the site, causing dangerous drops in blood pressure. He relied on high doses of vasoactive drugs to maintain circulation.

\n

Doctors said any attempt at surgery carried enormous risks, including uncontrollable bleeding, vertebral artery damage and severe cerebrospinal fluid leaks. Many of the challenges had no precedent in medical literature.

\n

Chen Huajiang, deputy director of orthopedics at the hospital, described the case as the most dangerous of his decades-long career.

\n

"My colleagues and I reviewed extensive medical literature, but found no precedent for such a severe cervical separation case, let alone a successful treatment that allowed the sufferer to survive," said Chen, who also heads the hospital's cervical spine surgery unit.

\n

"Various challenges during the surgery were undoubtedly unprecedented and could have potentially led to situations that are hard to manage. However, the certainty of no recovery without surgery left no other option," he said, adding that the determination of the patient's family motivated the medical team to proceed.

\n

The surgery took place on June 18. Using advanced microsurgical techniques, the team removed the hematoma, overcame severe adhesions and deformities, and precisely realigned the severed cervical structures.

\n

Chen said the team also applied an innovative "satellite plate" fixation technique — adding auxiliary plates to the conventional method — to provide extra stability. It was the first use of the technique in such an extreme case.

\n

Before surgery, the team carried out a comprehensive evaluation of the injuries and drafted detailed contingency plans for possible complications such as circulatory collapse. The operation concluded within three hours without any major incidents.

\n

Afterward, Li's condition steadily improved. After he regained consciousness, his vital signs stabilized and the tracheal tube was removed. He was able to sit up with assistance, showing signs of neurological recovery.

\n

Li was discharged on July 9 and is now in rehabilitation to restore upper limb function.

\n

The case has drawn wide attention in China's spinal surgery community, with experts praising the hospital's handling of the unprecedented challenge.

\n

"Our team aims to continue expanding the frontiers of cervical spine surgery and challenging the limits of technology, offering hope to more patients facing life-threatening conditions," Chen said.

\n

zhouwenting@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "content": "

Doctors in Shanghai have successfully performed an ultra-complex surgery on a man with a severe neck injury akin to an "internal decapitation" after he was struck by a mechanical arm, saving his life.

\n

The 55-year-old patient, surnamed Li, suffered a rare and severe cervical vertebra fracture and dislocation. He underwent reduction and fixation surgery at Shanghai Changzheng Hospital and was discharged in July. Upon release, he was able to move his shoulders and lift his wrists, doctors said.

\n

The accident occurred on May 31 in Changshu, a city in neighboring Jiangsu province, when Li was hit from above by a mechanical arm. The blow caused catastrophic damage to his cervical spine. He immediately suffered high-level paralysis and cardiac arrest at the scene. His weak vital signs were restored only after receiving CPR.

\n

On June 3, Li was transferred to Shanghai Changzheng Hospital. Imaging showed an extremely rare and extensive cervical dislocation, with a severe spinal cord contusion and tearing of critical nerve and vascular structures.

\n

The patient was at a high risk of severe bleeding and vertebral artery injury, potentially causing shock or a fatal stroke. A massive hematoma had formed at the site, causing dangerous drops in blood pressure. He relied on high doses of vasoactive drugs to maintain circulation.

\n

Doctors said any attempt at surgery carried enormous risks, including uncontrollable bleeding, vertebral artery damage and severe cerebrospinal fluid leaks. Many of the challenges had no precedent in medical literature.

\n

Chen Huajiang, deputy director of orthopedics at the hospital, described the case as the most dangerous of his decades-long career.

\n

"My colleagues and I reviewed extensive medical literature, but found no precedent for such a severe cervical separation case, let alone a successful treatment that allowed the sufferer to survive," said Chen, who also heads the hospital's cervical spine surgery unit.

\n

"Various challenges during the surgery were undoubtedly unprecedented and could have potentially led to situations that are hard to manage. However, the certainty of no recovery without surgery left no other option," he said, adding that the determination of the patient's family motivated the medical team to proceed.

\n

The surgery took place on June 18. Using advanced microsurgical techniques, the team removed the hematoma, overcame severe adhesions and deformities, and precisely realigned the severed cervical structures.

\n

Chen said the team also applied an innovative "satellite plate" fixation technique — adding auxiliary plates to the conventional method — to provide extra stability. It was the first use of the technique in such an extreme case.

\n

Before surgery, the team carried out a comprehensive evaluation of the injuries and drafted detailed contingency plans for possible complications such as circulatory collapse. The operation concluded within three hours without any major incidents.

\n

Afterward, Li's condition steadily improved. After he regained consciousness, his vital signs stabilized and the tracheal tube was removed. He was able to sit up with assistance, showing signs of neurological recovery.

\n

Li was discharged on July 9 and is now in rehabilitation to restore upper limb function.

\n

The case has drawn wide attention in China's spinal surgery community, with experts praising the hospital's handling of the unprecedented challenge.

\n

"Our team aims to continue expanding the frontiers of cervical spine surgery and challenging the limits of technology, offering hope to more patients facing life-threatening conditions," Chen said.

\n

zhouwenting@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_004_68a7938fed50ccabe1517f46.htm#004CHINA", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "7f125b33a3d1edfc50e56e2ff612c9ba", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "004CHINA - Discovering truths about happiness on roof of world", - "description": "

Mo Jingxi

\n

Earlier this week, I arrived in Lhasa to cover the 60th founding anniversary of the Xizang autonomous region. It was my third journey to the plateau, and as always, I was reminded of the same piece of advice: Walk slowly, speak slowly.

\n

But as I interacted more and more with the locals, I discovered that while their steps may be measured, their words are quick, direct and utterly unadorned.

\n

At the Potala Palace square on Thursday morning, after the grand celebration, I spoke briefly with a student who had been waving national flags so enthusiastically that she kept them raised even as we talked.

\n

Seventeen-year-old Tsering Wangmo told me that her favorite part was the float parade, especially the one representing her home prefecture, Nagchu. "The float showcased Nagchu's yak industry while also reflecting the simplicity of its people. It made me feel the breath of home," she said.

\n

Two years ago, Tsering Wangmo left Nagchu to study at Lhasa Middle School. Since preschool, she has benefited from Xizang's "Three Guarantees" policy — covering food, accommodations and school expenses for children of farmers, herders and impoverished urban families — easing the burden on her family, which mainly relies on cordyceps, a medicinal fungus, for a living.

\n

Now a senior preparing for the college entrance exams, she told me her dream is to study at Beijing Normal University.

\n

"And then?" I asked.

\n

"First I have to get admitted," she replied.

\n

Her bluntness startled me, but she was right. As long as one works steadily, the future may be beyond imagination.

\n

Back in 1965, when the Xizang autonomous region was founded, few could have foreseen that in just a few decades it would achieve what elsewhere might take centuries: socioeconomic progress and historic accomplishments across various sectors.

\n

Education, in particular, has transformed lives. Sixty years ago, there were fewer than 100 schools across the region. Today, there are over 3,600, with nearly 1 million students enrolled — more than a quarter of Xizang's entire population. Tsering Wangmo is just one of them, with her path shaped by opportunities unimaginable to her grandparents' generation.

\n

During my stay in Lhasa, I got the chance to visit the home of He Xiuying, a longtime resident. We talked about lingka — the Tibetan custom of spending a day outdoors, in parks, gardens, or by riversides, with friends and family.

\n

"When I was little, there was no lingka. We didn't even have enough to eat — how could we think of lingka?"

\n

Born in 1958, He was only 7 years old when the Xizang autonomous region was established. At the time, annual disposable income was counted in mere hundreds of yuan — only tens of US dollars. Her childhood was stitched together with patchwork clothes and bowls of barley flour mixed with wild vegetables.

\n

Six decades on, everything looks different. Average disposable income has risen more than a hundredfold — to 55,444 yuan ($7,724) for city dwellers and 21,578 yuan for farmers and herders.

\n

For He, lingka is now a part of everyday life, something to enjoy with friends on a whim. When I asked her favorite pastime during lingka, she lowered her gaze, broke into a shy smile, and said, "Drinking beer."

\n

I couldn't help but laugh with her. So ordinary, so unpretentious — and yet it revealed a truth I would hear again and again: Happiness often hides in the most familiar moments.

\n

Her candor reminded me of another woman I met, Lhagdron, from Lhasa's Chushul county. The 62-year-old never had children, and for years depended on her niece's care. That changed in 2020, when her village established an eldercare center called the Haven of Happiness, built with funds from the village's collective economy, pairing assistance program from Jiangsu province and money allocated by the civil affairs authorities.

\n

Now, every morning, she walks there to spend her day with other seniors, enjoying free meals, health checkups and companionship.

\n

"Every night before I fall asleep, I feel happy knowing that tomorrow I can go to the center again," she told me, smiling all the time during our conversation.

\n

Happiness, I realized, is not only freedom from burdens — it is also the simple joy of having tomorrow to look forward to.

\n

Her village, Sanyou, was the first relocation site in Xizang, built in 2016 for families who once lived deep in impoverished mountain valleys. I can't help but wonder: When Lhagdron was still there, could she have ever dreamed of a life like this?

\n

Such moments were far from rare. Time and again, it was this unadorned sincerity that moved me. Here, where feelings are never dressed in polished words, I believe their happiness is true.

\n

This year marks the 60th anniversary of the founding of the Xizang autonomous region. In Lhasa's streets, colorful flags ripple in the mountain winds, their colors as bright and unguarded as the smiles of the people who live beneath them.

\n

When a central delegation led by President Xi Jinping arrived in Lhasa on Wednesday, nearly 1,000 local residents in festive attire welcomed them at the airport with flowers and white hada scarves, singing and dancing in celebration.

\n

It was the second time that 65-year-old Pema had come to the airport to greet the central delegation. Seeing President Xi again, he said, felt warm and familiar, like meeting a family member.

\n

"The people of Xizang have experienced transformative changes," he told me. "Just as one won't lose their way by following the Big Dipper, following the Communist Party of China leads to happiness."

\n

mojingxi@chinadaily.com.cn

\n


获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", - "content": "

Mo Jingxi

\n

Earlier this week, I arrived in Lhasa to cover the 60th founding anniversary of the Xizang autonomous region. It was my third journey to the plateau, and as always, I was reminded of the same piece of advice: Walk slowly, speak slowly.

\n

But as I interacted more and more with the locals, I discovered that while their steps may be measured, their words are quick, direct and utterly unadorned.

\n

At the Potala Palace square on Thursday morning, after the grand celebration, I spoke briefly with a student who had been waving national flags so enthusiastically that she kept them raised even as we talked.

\n

Seventeen-year-old Tsering Wangmo told me that her favorite part was the float parade, especially the one representing her home prefecture, Nagchu. "The float showcased Nagchu's yak industry while also reflecting the simplicity of its people. It made me feel the breath of home," she said.

\n

Two years ago, Tsering Wangmo left Nagchu to study at Lhasa Middle School. Since preschool, she has benefited from Xizang's "Three Guarantees" policy — covering food, accommodations and school expenses for children of farmers, herders and impoverished urban families — easing the burden on her family, which mainly relies on cordyceps, a medicinal fungus, for a living.

\n

Now a senior preparing for the college entrance exams, she told me her dream is to study at Beijing Normal University.

\n

"And then?" I asked.

\n

"First I have to get admitted," she replied.

\n

Her bluntness startled me, but she was right. As long as one works steadily, the future may be beyond imagination.

\n

Back in 1965, when the Xizang autonomous region was founded, few could have foreseen that in just a few decades it would achieve what elsewhere might take centuries: socioeconomic progress and historic accomplishments across various sectors.

\n

Education, in particular, has transformed lives. Sixty years ago, there were fewer than 100 schools across the region. Today, there are over 3,600, with nearly 1 million students enrolled — more than a quarter of Xizang's entire population. Tsering Wangmo is just one of them, with her path shaped by opportunities unimaginable to her grandparents' generation.

\n

During my stay in Lhasa, I got the chance to visit the home of He Xiuying, a longtime resident. We talked about lingka — the Tibetan custom of spending a day outdoors, in parks, gardens, or by riversides, with friends and family.

\n

"When I was little, there was no lingka. We didn't even have enough to eat — how could we think of lingka?"

\n

Born in 1958, He was only 7 years old when the Xizang autonomous region was established. At the time, annual disposable income was counted in mere hundreds of yuan — only tens of US dollars. Her childhood was stitched together with patchwork clothes and bowls of barley flour mixed with wild vegetables.

\n

Six decades on, everything looks different. Average disposable income has risen more than a hundredfold — to 55,444 yuan ($7,724) for city dwellers and 21,578 yuan for farmers and herders.

\n

For He, lingka is now a part of everyday life, something to enjoy with friends on a whim. When I asked her favorite pastime during lingka, she lowered her gaze, broke into a shy smile, and said, "Drinking beer."

\n

I couldn't help but laugh with her. So ordinary, so unpretentious — and yet it revealed a truth I would hear again and again: Happiness often hides in the most familiar moments.

\n

Her candor reminded me of another woman I met, Lhagdron, from Lhasa's Chushul county. The 62-year-old never had children, and for years depended on her niece's care. That changed in 2020, when her village established an eldercare center called the Haven of Happiness, built with funds from the village's collective economy, pairing assistance program from Jiangsu province and money allocated by the civil affairs authorities.

\n

Now, every morning, she walks there to spend her day with other seniors, enjoying free meals, health checkups and companionship.

\n

"Every night before I fall asleep, I feel happy knowing that tomorrow I can go to the center again," she told me, smiling all the time during our conversation.

\n

Happiness, I realized, is not only freedom from burdens — it is also the simple joy of having tomorrow to look forward to.

\n

Her village, Sanyou, was the first relocation site in Xizang, built in 2016 for families who once lived deep in impoverished mountain valleys. I can't help but wonder: When Lhagdron was still there, could she have ever dreamed of a life like this?

\n

Such moments were far from rare. Time and again, it was this unadorned sincerity that moved me. Here, where feelings are never dressed in polished words, I believe their happiness is true.

\n

This year marks the 60th anniversary of the founding of the Xizang autonomous region. In Lhasa's streets, colorful flags ripple in the mountain winds, their colors as bright and unguarded as the smiles of the people who live beneath them.

\n

When a central delegation led by President Xi Jinping arrived in Lhasa on Wednesday, nearly 1,000 local residents in festive attire welcomed them at the airport with flowers and white hada scarves, singing and dancing in celebration.

\n

It was the second time that 65-year-old Pema had come to the airport to greet the central delegation. Seeing President Xi again, he said, felt warm and familiar, like meeting a family member.

\n

"The people of Xizang have experienced transformative changes," he told me. "Just as one won't lose their way by following the Big Dipper, following the Communist Party of China leads to happiness."

\n

mojingxi@chinadaily.com.cn

\n


获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_004_68a79390ed50ccabe1517f47.htm#004CHINA", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "4c976dbfed865a7cb34283677811891f", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "004CHINA - 60 YEARS OF PROGRESS MARKED", - "description": "

President Xi Jinping, who is also general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, attends a grand gathering on Thursday at the Potala Palace square in Lhasa, capital of the Xizang autonomous region, to mark the region's 60th founding anniversary.

\n

Residents at a mass parade during the grand gathering in Lhasa on Thursday.

\n

Thousands take part in the celebrations with the Potala Palace in the background.

\n

President Xi Jinping joined around 20,000 local officials and people from all ethnic groups and all walks of life in a grand gathering on Thursday at the Potala Palace square in Lhasa to mark the 60th founding anniversary of the Xizang autonomous region.

\n

Xi, who is also general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, arrived in the regional capital on Wednesday with a central delegation to attend the festivities.

\n

It was the first time in the history of the Party and the country that a leader attended such an event in the capacities of general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, Chinese president and chairman of the CMC.

\n

The gathering commenced at 10 am, with all attendees standing to sing the national anthem. The bright five-starred national flag was hoisted solemnly at the site.

\n

A congratulatory message from the CPC Central Committee, the National People's Congress Standing Committee, the State Council, the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference National Committee and the CMC was read out.

\n

Wang Huning, chairman of the CPPCC National Committee and head of the central delegation, then presented a plaque bearing Xi's inscription, "Jointly building a community for the Chinese nation, writing a new chapter for a beautiful Xizang," as a congratulatory gift.

\n

Cai Qi, director of the General Office of the CPC Central Committee, was also present at the gathering.

\n

Addressing the event, Wang said the founding of the Xizang autonomous region in September 1965 marked an epoch-making event.

\n

Over the past six decades, Xizang has made significant strides in economic and social development, fully demonstrating the strong leadership of the CPC and the clear political strength of China's socialist system, he said.

\n

Wang said that since the 18th CPC National Congress in 2012, Xizang has entered its best period of development and made the most substantial progress, with people of all ethnic groups benefiting more than ever before.

\n

He emphasized that Xizang is an inalienable part of China, and its affairs are purely China's internal affairs, which brook no interference from external forces.

\n

Any attempt to split the motherland and undermine Xizang's stability is doomed to fail, he said.

\n

Wang also called for efforts to consolidate and develop ethnic solidarity, promote high-quality socioeconomic development, and continuously improve people's well-being to advance common prosperity in Xizang.

\n

Drolma Renzin, a 73-year-old Lhasa resident, gave a speech as a representative of the local people, saying that she still remembered how the news of the autonomous region's founding spread swiftly across the plateau.

\n

"Sixty years may be just a fleeting moment in the long river of history, but for the people of Xizang, it has been an epic of endeavor and transformation," she said.

\n

The ceremony concluded with a vibrant mass parade in an auspicious and festive atmosphere with music and dance. Twenty-six formations of floats, including seven representing Xizang's seven prefecture-level cities, and performers marched past in colorful costumes, expressing joy over their new lives and gratitude to the Party and the country. Xi and other leaders waved to the crowds.

\n

When the float from Shigatse passed, performers in traditional attire moved in the bold and vigorous steps of Gyashe, a traditional Tibetan dance, to the beat of drums and music, showcasing the unity and vitality of people living at the foot of Qomolangma, known as Mount Everest in the West.

\n

The audience waved their flags to cheer and show support for the prefecture, which had endured a magnitude 6.8 earthquake earlier this year.

\n

Meanwhile, in Zingkar village of Dingri county, one of the hardest-hit areas, residents watched the celebration from their new homes. Last week, the village, with 126 households, completed its resettlement with government support.

\n

"With the care of General Secretary Xi and help from the Party and government, all of our villagers have moved into new houses," said Nyima Tsering, the village head.

\n

"From here on, we will continue to build a better life with our own hands under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee."

\n

Xi left Xizang after attending the founding anniversary celebrations.

\n

Following Xi's instructions, the central delegation headed by Wang Huning will visit various parts of Xizang from Thursday to Saturday to extend greetings and support to people of all ethnic groups and sectors.

\n

Xi's entourage, including senior official Cai Qi, returned on the same flight.

\n

Contact the writers at mojingxi@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "content": "

President Xi Jinping, who is also general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, attends a grand gathering on Thursday at the Potala Palace square in Lhasa, capital of the Xizang autonomous region, to mark the region's 60th founding anniversary.

\n

Residents at a mass parade during the grand gathering in Lhasa on Thursday.

\n

Thousands take part in the celebrations with the Potala Palace in the background.

\n

President Xi Jinping joined around 20,000 local officials and people from all ethnic groups and all walks of life in a grand gathering on Thursday at the Potala Palace square in Lhasa to mark the 60th founding anniversary of the Xizang autonomous region.

\n

Xi, who is also general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, arrived in the regional capital on Wednesday with a central delegation to attend the festivities.

\n

It was the first time in the history of the Party and the country that a leader attended such an event in the capacities of general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, Chinese president and chairman of the CMC.

\n

The gathering commenced at 10 am, with all attendees standing to sing the national anthem. The bright five-starred national flag was hoisted solemnly at the site.

\n

A congratulatory message from the CPC Central Committee, the National People's Congress Standing Committee, the State Council, the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference National Committee and the CMC was read out.

\n

Wang Huning, chairman of the CPPCC National Committee and head of the central delegation, then presented a plaque bearing Xi's inscription, "Jointly building a community for the Chinese nation, writing a new chapter for a beautiful Xizang," as a congratulatory gift.

\n

Cai Qi, director of the General Office of the CPC Central Committee, was also present at the gathering.

\n

Addressing the event, Wang said the founding of the Xizang autonomous region in September 1965 marked an epoch-making event.

\n

Over the past six decades, Xizang has made significant strides in economic and social development, fully demonstrating the strong leadership of the CPC and the clear political strength of China's socialist system, he said.

\n

Wang said that since the 18th CPC National Congress in 2012, Xizang has entered its best period of development and made the most substantial progress, with people of all ethnic groups benefiting more than ever before.

\n

He emphasized that Xizang is an inalienable part of China, and its affairs are purely China's internal affairs, which brook no interference from external forces.

\n

Any attempt to split the motherland and undermine Xizang's stability is doomed to fail, he said.

\n

Wang also called for efforts to consolidate and develop ethnic solidarity, promote high-quality socioeconomic development, and continuously improve people's well-being to advance common prosperity in Xizang.

\n

Drolma Renzin, a 73-year-old Lhasa resident, gave a speech as a representative of the local people, saying that she still remembered how the news of the autonomous region's founding spread swiftly across the plateau.

\n

"Sixty years may be just a fleeting moment in the long river of history, but for the people of Xizang, it has been an epic of endeavor and transformation," she said.

\n

The ceremony concluded with a vibrant mass parade in an auspicious and festive atmosphere with music and dance. Twenty-six formations of floats, including seven representing Xizang's seven prefecture-level cities, and performers marched past in colorful costumes, expressing joy over their new lives and gratitude to the Party and the country. Xi and other leaders waved to the crowds.

\n

When the float from Shigatse passed, performers in traditional attire moved in the bold and vigorous steps of Gyashe, a traditional Tibetan dance, to the beat of drums and music, showcasing the unity and vitality of people living at the foot of Qomolangma, known as Mount Everest in the West.

\n

The audience waved their flags to cheer and show support for the prefecture, which had endured a magnitude 6.8 earthquake earlier this year.

\n

Meanwhile, in Zingkar village of Dingri county, one of the hardest-hit areas, residents watched the celebration from their new homes. Last week, the village, with 126 households, completed its resettlement with government support.

\n

"With the care of General Secretary Xi and help from the Party and government, all of our villagers have moved into new houses," said Nyima Tsering, the village head.

\n

"From here on, we will continue to build a better life with our own hands under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee."

\n

Xi left Xizang after attending the founding anniversary celebrations.

\n

Following Xi's instructions, the central delegation headed by Wang Huning will visit various parts of Xizang from Thursday to Saturday to extend greetings and support to people of all ethnic groups and sectors.

\n

Xi's entourage, including senior official Cai Qi, returned on the same flight.

\n

Contact the writers at mojingxi@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_004_68a79390ed50ccabe1517f48.htm#004CHINA", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "fa514b33faa884451b9db0670e9f962e", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "005CHINA - Young delegates explore vibrant Xinjiang", - "description": "
\n

Actresses perform a traditional dance for visitors at the Xinjiang International Grand Bazaar in Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, on Wednesday. The bazaar has become a popular destination during the peak tourism season, attracting crowds for sightseeing, shopping, dining, and local culture experience.

\n

At the bustling Xinjiang International Grand Bazaar in Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, Wasina Nititawan was struck by a vibrant scene: vendors hawking rows of traditional goods in ornate packaging, and flocks of visitors that included both ethnic minority residents and Han tourists from across China.

\n

The scene bore little resemblance to what she had envisioned.

\n

"As I walked past stalls of dried fruits, handicrafts and cultural performances, I felt how diversity and harmony can strengthen growth," said Wasina, a Thai doctoral candidate at the Institute of South-South Cooperation and Development at Peking University.

\n

The bazaar is a marketplace where the nation, the community and the market come together to create a lively hub of trade, tourism and culture, she said.

\n

Wasina was one of eight representatives of the Youth Leaders' Community for Global Development who traveled to Urumqi and Kashgar as part of the 2025 China Tour. The event was organized by the Global Development Promotion Center of the China International Development Cooperation Agency.

\n

For most in the group, Xinjiang had been a place known only through news reports. But their visits to a local community, an ancient town, a bustling market, an agricultural park and a research center allowed them to experience a region far more thriving and dynamic than many had expected.

\n

Omar Mohamed Nagy Hussein Bauomy, an Egyptian graduate student in international education at the Minzu University of China, said he saw the same things in Xinjiang as he has seen in the rest of China.

\n

"It is very convenient in every aspect of daily life, with well-developed transportation systems, as well as easy access to food delivery and shopping. The experience here is no different from living in Beijing," he said.

\n

For Felix Michael Baitz, a German undergraduate student at the Frankfurt School of Finance and Management, the visit was also different from what he had heard in European media reports.

\n

"People are very happy here. They don't feel any mistreatment, and they continue to keep their language, traditions and religion."

\n

Baitz admitted that he had worried Xinjiang might lag behind other parts of China due to imbalanced economic development.

\n

Instead, the 20-year-old student found rapid growth and a sense of shared progress.

\n

"Locals told me that many of the buildings I see today weren't here when their parents were my age. They've witnessed poverty alleviation firsthand. The government is really putting an eye on the people," he said.

\n

That people-centered approach to development is fully demonstrated in grassroots governance in the Guyuanxiang community of Tianshan district in Urumqi.

\n

Established in 2001, the community has 5,046 residents from 14 ethnic groups, according to Zhang Yaowen, director of the neighborhood committee.

\n

The community provides services to residents such as employment training, dispute mediation, day care for the elderly, convenience shops, and activities for retired residents and juveniles, Zhang said, adding that it also encourages local residents to participate in the management of the community.

\n

During their visit, the delegation watched dances performed by senior residents as well as a cheerleading squad of several children.

\n

Small events like these, Wasina said, increase real happiness and satisfaction at the grassroots level.

\n

She found that local authorities and residents maintained close communication, with community centers actively listening to people's needs and organizing diverse activities accordingly.

\n

"Before visiting Xinjiang, I associated Chinese modernization mainly with high-tech breakthroughs such as artificial intelligence, robotics, electric vehicles, renewable energy and the digital economy," she said. "But being here has shown me that modernization is also about building the foundations that allow people and communities to thrive."

\n

Nadia Maunsell, an Australian student studying economics at Peking University, said that as someone working on development studies, she saw ongoing efforts in community cohesion and social development.

\n

"One thing that really touched me was the public mechanism where people of different cultures are able to speak and solve problems together," she said. "This model of development is something that is not only relevant for China, but also globally and even for my home country in Australia, where we also have very multicultural societies and there's an importance in finding social harmony."

\n

Agricultural innovation

\n

In addition to grassroots governance, the group also learned about the region's innovations in science and technology during a visit to an intelligent modern agricultural pavilion, where they saw how technology can enhance vegetable growth while protecting the environment.

\n

Inside the pavilion, more than 30 kinds of vegetable plants stretched upward in climate-controlled chambers, with auto-adjusted irrigation and sensors monitoring soil moisture and light levels. In a region with dry weather, cultivating vegetables in this way saves 95 percent of water usage.

\n

Strolling through the park and tasting fresh, pesticide-free cucumbers, the young representatives saw modernization with a green heart.

\n

Thinh Raksmey from Cambodia, who is also a doctoral candidate at the Institute of South-South Cooperation and Development at Peking University, said: "From planting to cultivation, the entire process incorporates environmental considerations that are really parallel to the ESG of the United Nations."

\n

Luise Scholz, an assistant to the CEO of the dfv Euro Finance Group, said she was surprised at how advanced the technology is.

\n

"I have the feeling that things are simply implemented and done here. In Germany, everything takes much longer because of regulations and rules," she said, adding that Germany can also learn from China in this area.

\n

Anti-desertification efforts

\n

At the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, part of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the group visited an exhibition on the region's natural history and discussed combating desertification with researchers.

\n

Xinjiang has long stood at the forefront of China's fight against desertification. Home to the Taklimakan Desert — China's largest and the world's second-largest drifting desert — the region has seen nearby communities grapple with frequent wind and sandstorms.

\n

In November 2024, after decades of effort, China completed a sand-blocking green belt stretching 3,046 kilometers, fully encircling the desert.

\n

As a researcher in arid lands, Akash Tariq, an associate professor at the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, highlighted capacity building as a particularly effective approach in desertification control.

\n

He explained that desertification problems are often linked with unsustainable agriculture in these arid regions, and capacity building is one of the most effective ways to ensure local people understand its importance.

\n

"The tackling of desertification is not only a job for scientists. Instead, it involves a social ecological approach that integrates scientific expertise with community participation," he said.

\n

Maunsell, the Peking University student from Australia, noted that Xinjiang uses the best technical expertise of scientists to deploy green development solutions according to local realities.

\n

Scientists have developed unique solutions such as planting trees along highways to prevent sandstorms, she said, adding that these technologies could also benefit neighbors in Central Asia or Africa.

\n

Global insights

\n

From multi-society cohesion to green development, from keeping traditions alive to seeking innovation, the journey reshaped the young representatives' understanding of Xinjiang's modernization experience.

\n

"Chinese modernization is not a single blueprint. It adapts to local strengths, embraces diversity and seeks harmony between people, the economy and the environment," Wasina said. "For me, as a Thai, where agriculture and tourism are also central pillars, these lessons feel especially relevant. They show that development endures when it builds on a country's comparative advantages, unites all key actors and commits to long-term goals that serve both present needs and future generations."

\n

Thinh, from Cambodia, said that by leveraging advanced technology and innovation, the region has been able to modernize production, enhance efficiency and create new value chains.

\n

"This transformation stands as a remarkable milestone in Xinjiang's development journey and serves as compelling evidence of the success of the pairing-off cooperation between the region and more developed provincial regions in other parts of China," he said.

\n

zhoujin@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "content": "
\n

Actresses perform a traditional dance for visitors at the Xinjiang International Grand Bazaar in Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, on Wednesday. The bazaar has become a popular destination during the peak tourism season, attracting crowds for sightseeing, shopping, dining, and local culture experience.

\n

At the bustling Xinjiang International Grand Bazaar in Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, Wasina Nititawan was struck by a vibrant scene: vendors hawking rows of traditional goods in ornate packaging, and flocks of visitors that included both ethnic minority residents and Han tourists from across China.

\n

The scene bore little resemblance to what she had envisioned.

\n

"As I walked past stalls of dried fruits, handicrafts and cultural performances, I felt how diversity and harmony can strengthen growth," said Wasina, a Thai doctoral candidate at the Institute of South-South Cooperation and Development at Peking University.

\n

The bazaar is a marketplace where the nation, the community and the market come together to create a lively hub of trade, tourism and culture, she said.

\n

Wasina was one of eight representatives of the Youth Leaders' Community for Global Development who traveled to Urumqi and Kashgar as part of the 2025 China Tour. The event was organized by the Global Development Promotion Center of the China International Development Cooperation Agency.

\n

For most in the group, Xinjiang had been a place known only through news reports. But their visits to a local community, an ancient town, a bustling market, an agricultural park and a research center allowed them to experience a region far more thriving and dynamic than many had expected.

\n

Omar Mohamed Nagy Hussein Bauomy, an Egyptian graduate student in international education at the Minzu University of China, said he saw the same things in Xinjiang as he has seen in the rest of China.

\n

"It is very convenient in every aspect of daily life, with well-developed transportation systems, as well as easy access to food delivery and shopping. The experience here is no different from living in Beijing," he said.

\n

For Felix Michael Baitz, a German undergraduate student at the Frankfurt School of Finance and Management, the visit was also different from what he had heard in European media reports.

\n

"People are very happy here. They don't feel any mistreatment, and they continue to keep their language, traditions and religion."

\n

Baitz admitted that he had worried Xinjiang might lag behind other parts of China due to imbalanced economic development.

\n

Instead, the 20-year-old student found rapid growth and a sense of shared progress.

\n

"Locals told me that many of the buildings I see today weren't here when their parents were my age. They've witnessed poverty alleviation firsthand. The government is really putting an eye on the people," he said.

\n

That people-centered approach to development is fully demonstrated in grassroots governance in the Guyuanxiang community of Tianshan district in Urumqi.

\n

Established in 2001, the community has 5,046 residents from 14 ethnic groups, according to Zhang Yaowen, director of the neighborhood committee.

\n

The community provides services to residents such as employment training, dispute mediation, day care for the elderly, convenience shops, and activities for retired residents and juveniles, Zhang said, adding that it also encourages local residents to participate in the management of the community.

\n

During their visit, the delegation watched dances performed by senior residents as well as a cheerleading squad of several children.

\n

Small events like these, Wasina said, increase real happiness and satisfaction at the grassroots level.

\n

She found that local authorities and residents maintained close communication, with community centers actively listening to people's needs and organizing diverse activities accordingly.

\n

"Before visiting Xinjiang, I associated Chinese modernization mainly with high-tech breakthroughs such as artificial intelligence, robotics, electric vehicles, renewable energy and the digital economy," she said. "But being here has shown me that modernization is also about building the foundations that allow people and communities to thrive."

\n

Nadia Maunsell, an Australian student studying economics at Peking University, said that as someone working on development studies, she saw ongoing efforts in community cohesion and social development.

\n

"One thing that really touched me was the public mechanism where people of different cultures are able to speak and solve problems together," she said. "This model of development is something that is not only relevant for China, but also globally and even for my home country in Australia, where we also have very multicultural societies and there's an importance in finding social harmony."

\n

Agricultural innovation

\n

In addition to grassroots governance, the group also learned about the region's innovations in science and technology during a visit to an intelligent modern agricultural pavilion, where they saw how technology can enhance vegetable growth while protecting the environment.

\n

Inside the pavilion, more than 30 kinds of vegetable plants stretched upward in climate-controlled chambers, with auto-adjusted irrigation and sensors monitoring soil moisture and light levels. In a region with dry weather, cultivating vegetables in this way saves 95 percent of water usage.

\n

Strolling through the park and tasting fresh, pesticide-free cucumbers, the young representatives saw modernization with a green heart.

\n

Thinh Raksmey from Cambodia, who is also a doctoral candidate at the Institute of South-South Cooperation and Development at Peking University, said: "From planting to cultivation, the entire process incorporates environmental considerations that are really parallel to the ESG of the United Nations."

\n

Luise Scholz, an assistant to the CEO of the dfv Euro Finance Group, said she was surprised at how advanced the technology is.

\n

"I have the feeling that things are simply implemented and done here. In Germany, everything takes much longer because of regulations and rules," she said, adding that Germany can also learn from China in this area.

\n

Anti-desertification efforts

\n

At the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, part of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the group visited an exhibition on the region's natural history and discussed combating desertification with researchers.

\n

Xinjiang has long stood at the forefront of China's fight against desertification. Home to the Taklimakan Desert — China's largest and the world's second-largest drifting desert — the region has seen nearby communities grapple with frequent wind and sandstorms.

\n

In November 2024, after decades of effort, China completed a sand-blocking green belt stretching 3,046 kilometers, fully encircling the desert.

\n

As a researcher in arid lands, Akash Tariq, an associate professor at the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, highlighted capacity building as a particularly effective approach in desertification control.

\n

He explained that desertification problems are often linked with unsustainable agriculture in these arid regions, and capacity building is one of the most effective ways to ensure local people understand its importance.

\n

"The tackling of desertification is not only a job for scientists. Instead, it involves a social ecological approach that integrates scientific expertise with community participation," he said.

\n

Maunsell, the Peking University student from Australia, noted that Xinjiang uses the best technical expertise of scientists to deploy green development solutions according to local realities.

\n

Scientists have developed unique solutions such as planting trees along highways to prevent sandstorms, she said, adding that these technologies could also benefit neighbors in Central Asia or Africa.

\n

Global insights

\n

From multi-society cohesion to green development, from keeping traditions alive to seeking innovation, the journey reshaped the young representatives' understanding of Xinjiang's modernization experience.

\n

"Chinese modernization is not a single blueprint. It adapts to local strengths, embraces diversity and seeks harmony between people, the economy and the environment," Wasina said. "For me, as a Thai, where agriculture and tourism are also central pillars, these lessons feel especially relevant. They show that development endures when it builds on a country's comparative advantages, unites all key actors and commits to long-term goals that serve both present needs and future generations."

\n

Thinh, from Cambodia, said that by leveraging advanced technology and innovation, the region has been able to modernize production, enhance efficiency and create new value chains.

\n

"This transformation stands as a remarkable milestone in Xinjiang's development journey and serves as compelling evidence of the success of the pairing-off cooperation between the region and more developed provincial regions in other parts of China," he said.

\n

zhoujin@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_005_68a79394ed50ccabe1517f49.htm#005CHINA", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "9901108a98c9693cca65aab68983ae83", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "005CHINA - Tajik geologist finds home in border region", - "description": "
\n

Dzhovid Yogibekov delivers a speech on anti-desertification at a symposium held by the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

\n

For nearly 10 years, Tajik geologist Dzhovid Yogibekov has made his life in Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, where his studies have grown into a deep connection with local society.

\n

In 2016, at the suggestion of his professor in Tajikistan, Yogibekov applied to study for a master's degree in geology at the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, part of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. It was his first time setting foot in the region.

\n

Xinjiang, which borders Tajikistan, is easily accessible from his home country. Yogibekov said he could reach Tajikistan in just a few hours via the Karasu Port in Kashgar, which makes it more convenient for him to study in the region.

\n

After completing his master's degree, Yogibekov decided to remain in Xinjiang to pursue a doctorate.

\n

"There is no restriction to study, the experiment facilities are well-equipped and the research team is well-organized," he said.

\n

Since 2016, he has witnessed rapid urban growth and technological advances, particularly in the fight against desertification.

\n

"One of the main aspects that surprised me was how fast China is developing and how people are devoting themselves to the popularization of science, technology and the landscaping of desert regions," he said.

\n

He credited these efforts with helping control sandstorms and improve air quality, which in turn has created better living conditions.

\n

Yogibekov noted that international students and teachers are increasingly coming to Xinjiang to share knowledge, further enriching the academic environment.

\n

Outside of research, he took part in tree-planting efforts in Urumqi for three years.

\n

"I was amazed by the way people are afforesting deserts," he said, emphasizing that ecological transformation requires a multidisciplinary approach, including geology.

\n

He pointed to China's "Great Green Wall" — the Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program designed to slow the Gobi Desert's expansion — as a model that could benefit other countries, including Tajikistan.

\n

Yogibekov's life in Xinjiang has also been shaped by cultural ties. While Tajikistan's Persian-Tajik language and traditions differ from those of Uygur and Han communities, he has connected closely with Xinjiang's ethnic Tajik population.

\n

"Their languages are identical to those of Tajikistan's Pamir region, and their dress and dance styles are exactly the same," he said.

\n

China is making efforts to preserve the cultures of all its ethnic groups, he added.

\n

Yogibekov said he sees himself as a bridge between China and Tajikistan.

\n

"Student exchanges are key to mutual understanding," he said.

\n

Despite differences among countries and ethnicities," human nature is the same," he said, adding that learning local languages and cultures is vital to reducing misunderstandings.

\n

", - "content": "
\n

Dzhovid Yogibekov delivers a speech on anti-desertification at a symposium held by the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

\n

For nearly 10 years, Tajik geologist Dzhovid Yogibekov has made his life in Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, where his studies have grown into a deep connection with local society.

\n

In 2016, at the suggestion of his professor in Tajikistan, Yogibekov applied to study for a master's degree in geology at the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, part of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. It was his first time setting foot in the region.

\n

Xinjiang, which borders Tajikistan, is easily accessible from his home country. Yogibekov said he could reach Tajikistan in just a few hours via the Karasu Port in Kashgar, which makes it more convenient for him to study in the region.

\n

After completing his master's degree, Yogibekov decided to remain in Xinjiang to pursue a doctorate.

\n

"There is no restriction to study, the experiment facilities are well-equipped and the research team is well-organized," he said.

\n

Since 2016, he has witnessed rapid urban growth and technological advances, particularly in the fight against desertification.

\n

"One of the main aspects that surprised me was how fast China is developing and how people are devoting themselves to the popularization of science, technology and the landscaping of desert regions," he said.

\n

He credited these efforts with helping control sandstorms and improve air quality, which in turn has created better living conditions.

\n

Yogibekov noted that international students and teachers are increasingly coming to Xinjiang to share knowledge, further enriching the academic environment.

\n

Outside of research, he took part in tree-planting efforts in Urumqi for three years.

\n

"I was amazed by the way people are afforesting deserts," he said, emphasizing that ecological transformation requires a multidisciplinary approach, including geology.

\n

He pointed to China's "Great Green Wall" — the Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program designed to slow the Gobi Desert's expansion — as a model that could benefit other countries, including Tajikistan.

\n

Yogibekov's life in Xinjiang has also been shaped by cultural ties. While Tajikistan's Persian-Tajik language and traditions differ from those of Uygur and Han communities, he has connected closely with Xinjiang's ethnic Tajik population.

\n

"Their languages are identical to those of Tajikistan's Pamir region, and their dress and dance styles are exactly the same," he said.

\n

China is making efforts to preserve the cultures of all its ethnic groups, he added.

\n

Yogibekov said he sees himself as a bridge between China and Tajikistan.

\n

"Student exchanges are key to mutual understanding," he said.

\n

Despite differences among countries and ethnicities," human nature is the same," he said, adding that learning local languages and cultures is vital to reducing misunderstandings.

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_005_68a79398ed50ccabe1517f4a.htm#005CHINA", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "26e3d1d8fa251f8160c3591613529a1c", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "007CHINA - Zuoquan remembers war general's sacrifice with pride", - "description": "

Tourists visit the Matian Eighth Route Army Headquarters in Zuoquan county, Shanxi province.

\n

An aerial photo shows Matian village, home to the Matian Eighth Route Army Headquarters zone.

\n

Visitors admire a statue of Zuo Quan at the Zuoquan County Shiziling Breakout Battle Memorial Park.

\n

In the heart of the Taihang Mountains in northern China, the memory of General Zuo Quan (1905-42) has remained vivid and been cherished for over 80 years.

\n

During the full-scale outbreak of the Chinese People's War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression (1931-45), Zuo served as the deputy chief of staff of the Eighth Route Army, assisting in directing guerrilla warfare behind enemy lines in North China. His grandson, Sha Feng, told China Daily how his strategic brilliance and bravery were instrumental in the fight against the invaders.

\n

On May 25, 1942, the Japanese launched a massive offensive against the revolutionary base in the Taihang Mountains. Near Matian in Liaoxian county, Shanxi province, Zuo personally led his troops to protect the North Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the headquarters of the Eighth Route Army during their breakout and retreat. Tragically, in the heat of battle, he was struck by shrapnel from a Japanese artillery shell and died at the age of 37.

\n

"My grandfather fought for national independence until his last breath," Sha said. "It was just two days before my mother Zuo Taibei's second birthday. She spent only three months with her father."

\n

To Sha, his grandfather was not only a valiant warrior but also a brilliant military strategist. His writings on ambush and assault tactics were crucial in guiding the Eighth Route Army's operations. The general also dedicated significant effort to the regularization of the army and the establishment of military factories.

\n

As the 80th anniversary of the victory in the war and World Anti-Fascist War approached, Sha expressed a desire to write a letter across time to his grandfather, telling him about the prosperous New China, a realization of his dreams.

\n

Shanxi, a major battlefield during the war, was home to the headquarters of the Eighth Route Army and several revolutionary bases. Zuo was the highest-ranking commander of the Eighth Route Army to be killed in action. In his honor, Liaoxian county was renamed Zuoquan county in September 1942, forever linking his name to the land he fought to protect.

\n

Wu Xinyi, an 18-year-old who grew up in Zuoquan and recently graduated from high school, spoke of her pride in her hometown's name. "Every time I leave home and people hear 'Zuoquan', they are curious to learn more about our Red history and current developments," she said.

\n

Zuoquan, known nationwide as an old revolutionary base, is now home to 269 revolutionary sites, earning it the title of an "open-air museum of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression", said Guo Fenghui, head of the county.

\n

In the summer of 2024, the Zuoquan County Shiziling Breakout Battle Memorial Park opened, marking the site where Zuo fought and fell, with a memorial pavilion quietly recounting the poignant history.

\n

Tour guide Yang Zhenyu shares the story of Zuo's sacrifice, emphasizing the importance of passing down this history to younger generations. "There was a group of brave predecessors who bled and sacrificed for our happiness. It's something to be forever proud of," he said.

\n

In recent years, leveraging its rich Red cultural heritage, Zuoquan has developed key attractions like the Matian Eighth Route Army Headquarters zone and the Tongyu 1941 Town project, establishing itself as a key destination for Red tourism in Shanxi.

\n

To further preserve and teach this Red culture, a Red Culture Study Base was inaugurated in the county. The base aims to use the area's rich resources as educational tools, providing immersive experiences that allow young people to understand the depth of the revolutionary spirit and the warmth of history.

\n

As summer unfolds, the historical sites, including the Matian Eighth Route Army Headquarters and Tongyu 1941 Town, bustle with visitors eager to engage in Red-themed activities. Since its premiere on June 1, the interactive Red drama Tongyu Defense Battle has become a hit, allowing visitors to don period costumes and participate in battle reenactments, experiencing firsthand the courage and conviction of the revolutionaries.

\n

Liu Xiaodong, the 27-year-old director of the play, said: "Participants are no longer mere spectators; they are deeply immersed, fighting alongside actors. Through this interaction, they can truly feel the steadfast faith and bravery of the revolutionary forebears."

\n

Ren Yingying, the operations manager at Zuoquan Cultural Tourism Development Company, expressed a commitment to making Red culture more engaging and accessible. "We aim to bring Red culture into everyday life in a vivid and experiential way, enhancing Zuoquan's reputation and influence."

\n

Contact the writers at zhuxingxin@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "content": "

Tourists visit the Matian Eighth Route Army Headquarters in Zuoquan county, Shanxi province.

\n

An aerial photo shows Matian village, home to the Matian Eighth Route Army Headquarters zone.

\n

Visitors admire a statue of Zuo Quan at the Zuoquan County Shiziling Breakout Battle Memorial Park.

\n

In the heart of the Taihang Mountains in northern China, the memory of General Zuo Quan (1905-42) has remained vivid and been cherished for over 80 years.

\n

During the full-scale outbreak of the Chinese People's War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression (1931-45), Zuo served as the deputy chief of staff of the Eighth Route Army, assisting in directing guerrilla warfare behind enemy lines in North China. His grandson, Sha Feng, told China Daily how his strategic brilliance and bravery were instrumental in the fight against the invaders.

\n

On May 25, 1942, the Japanese launched a massive offensive against the revolutionary base in the Taihang Mountains. Near Matian in Liaoxian county, Shanxi province, Zuo personally led his troops to protect the North Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the headquarters of the Eighth Route Army during their breakout and retreat. Tragically, in the heat of battle, he was struck by shrapnel from a Japanese artillery shell and died at the age of 37.

\n

"My grandfather fought for national independence until his last breath," Sha said. "It was just two days before my mother Zuo Taibei's second birthday. She spent only three months with her father."

\n

To Sha, his grandfather was not only a valiant warrior but also a brilliant military strategist. His writings on ambush and assault tactics were crucial in guiding the Eighth Route Army's operations. The general also dedicated significant effort to the regularization of the army and the establishment of military factories.

\n

As the 80th anniversary of the victory in the war and World Anti-Fascist War approached, Sha expressed a desire to write a letter across time to his grandfather, telling him about the prosperous New China, a realization of his dreams.

\n

Shanxi, a major battlefield during the war, was home to the headquarters of the Eighth Route Army and several revolutionary bases. Zuo was the highest-ranking commander of the Eighth Route Army to be killed in action. In his honor, Liaoxian county was renamed Zuoquan county in September 1942, forever linking his name to the land he fought to protect.

\n

Wu Xinyi, an 18-year-old who grew up in Zuoquan and recently graduated from high school, spoke of her pride in her hometown's name. "Every time I leave home and people hear 'Zuoquan', they are curious to learn more about our Red history and current developments," she said.

\n

Zuoquan, known nationwide as an old revolutionary base, is now home to 269 revolutionary sites, earning it the title of an "open-air museum of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression", said Guo Fenghui, head of the county.

\n

In the summer of 2024, the Zuoquan County Shiziling Breakout Battle Memorial Park opened, marking the site where Zuo fought and fell, with a memorial pavilion quietly recounting the poignant history.

\n

Tour guide Yang Zhenyu shares the story of Zuo's sacrifice, emphasizing the importance of passing down this history to younger generations. "There was a group of brave predecessors who bled and sacrificed for our happiness. It's something to be forever proud of," he said.

\n

In recent years, leveraging its rich Red cultural heritage, Zuoquan has developed key attractions like the Matian Eighth Route Army Headquarters zone and the Tongyu 1941 Town project, establishing itself as a key destination for Red tourism in Shanxi.

\n

To further preserve and teach this Red culture, a Red Culture Study Base was inaugurated in the county. The base aims to use the area's rich resources as educational tools, providing immersive experiences that allow young people to understand the depth of the revolutionary spirit and the warmth of history.

\n

As summer unfolds, the historical sites, including the Matian Eighth Route Army Headquarters and Tongyu 1941 Town, bustle with visitors eager to engage in Red-themed activities. Since its premiere on June 1, the interactive Red drama Tongyu Defense Battle has become a hit, allowing visitors to don period costumes and participate in battle reenactments, experiencing firsthand the courage and conviction of the revolutionaries.

\n

Liu Xiaodong, the 27-year-old director of the play, said: "Participants are no longer mere spectators; they are deeply immersed, fighting alongside actors. Through this interaction, they can truly feel the steadfast faith and bravery of the revolutionary forebears."

\n

Ren Yingying, the operations manager at Zuoquan Cultural Tourism Development Company, expressed a commitment to making Red culture more engaging and accessible. "We aim to bring Red culture into everyday life in a vivid and experiential way, enhancing Zuoquan's reputation and influence."

\n

Contact the writers at zhuxingxin@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_007_68a793aaed50ccabe1517f4e.htm#007CHINA", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "ab5e9553616d419bf99e9230484c0435", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "007CHINA - Master of Zhangshu TCM works to pass on legacy", - "description": "

Yuan Xiaoping (left) demonstrates how thin he can cut traditional Chinese herbs into pieces at Tianqitang pharmacy in Zhangshu, Jiangxi province.

\n

Each morning, the soft sound of slicing fills the air at a processing workshop in Zhangshu, Jiangxi province.

\n

Yuan Xiaoping, 69, stands by his workbench, skillfully slicing white peony root into translucent pieces. The technique may seem effortless, but it is the result of more than 50 years of disciplined practice.

\n

Yuan is a nationally recognized inheritor of the Zhangshu traditional Chinese medicine processing technique, a form of craftsmanship designated as national intangible cultural heritage in 2018.

\n

For over 1,800 years, Zhangshu — known as China's medicine capital — has perfected the art of traditional herb processing, transforming raw plants into precise medicine.

\n

This craft, known as Zhangbang techniques, relies on four signature tools: razor-sharp knives for paper-thin slicing, copper pots for controlled heating, mineral-rich local water, and secret methods passed from master to apprentice.

\n

Born into a family with a tradition in Chinese medicine, Yuan began working as an apprentice at the old Tianqitang pharmacy at the age of 16.

\n

He later studied under master craftsman Yu Shouxiang, known locally as the "First Blade of Zhangshu", who was renowned for his expertise in medicinal cutting.

\n

Yuan dedicated decades to mastering core skills of the craft, including specialized methods such as wine-steaming and honey-frying.

\n

For him, the heart of the craft lies in two skills: cutting and processing.

\n

"Whether stir-frying, soaking, steaming, or curing — even drying, sun-baking, slicing, or storing — every step demands precision. But it's the knife work that truly stands out: each slice cut to perfect thickness, almost like art.

\n

"Processing is not just about preparing herbs," Yuan said.

\n

"It demands reverence for the innate properties of medicinal materials and the application of precise methods to unlock their therapeutic value."

\n

In 2002, Yuan Xiaoping founded the Tianqitang Decoction Pieces Company, integrating TCM processing techniques with standardized modern production protocols. That same year, he established a dedicated training workshop to cultivate the next generation of TCM technicians.

\n

By creating the company and cultivation bases, Yuan has built a complete industrial chain — from herbal cultivation and harvesting to processing, production, and sales of TCM decoction pieces.

\n

By the end of 2024, Tianqitang Decoction Pieces reported annual revenue of 323 million yuan, driving a big growth in Zhangshu's traditional medicine industry.

\n

To sustain the tradition, Yuan organizes regular skills competitions and invites retired master workers to teach apprentices on-site. Nearly 40 percent of his technicians are under the age of 25.

\n

"Young people can carry the tradition forward if given the chance," he said. His students include Zhu Fulin and Liu Honglian, who now take on leadership roles themselves.

\n

Yuan's efforts are supported by local government initiatives.

\n

Zhangshu has introduced subsidy programs for certified heritage bearers and their apprentices. Yuan himself was named a TCM processing master of Jiangxi province, and his workshop was designated as a provincial intangible cultural heritage studio.

\n

In addition to training, Yuan has partnered with vocational colleges to build hands-on training centers in recent years.

\n

Students in TCM programs now visit regularly to learn slicing, roasting, and pill-making techniques in a real production environment. He has also contributed to the drafting of technical manuals and participated in regional research projects aimed at systematizing traditional practices.

\n

Despite modern production technologies, Yuan believes many essential steps remain dependent on experience.

\n

"Machines can cut, but they can't read the color, smell or texture of herbs," he said.

\n

His workshop has slowly become a space for education, exchange, and even tourism, attracting visitors — including students, researchers and herbal medicine retailers — who are curious about a tradition that continues to inform modern pharmaceutical practices.

\n

So far, Yuan has conducted 23 consecutive training workshops for specialized TCM technicians, educating over 1,500 practitioners.

\n

"Some techniques are simple in appearance, but they require years of repetition to do well," Yuan said. "And only when passed down can they truly stay alive."

\n

zhaoruinan@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "content": "

Yuan Xiaoping (left) demonstrates how thin he can cut traditional Chinese herbs into pieces at Tianqitang pharmacy in Zhangshu, Jiangxi province.

\n

Each morning, the soft sound of slicing fills the air at a processing workshop in Zhangshu, Jiangxi province.

\n

Yuan Xiaoping, 69, stands by his workbench, skillfully slicing white peony root into translucent pieces. The technique may seem effortless, but it is the result of more than 50 years of disciplined practice.

\n

Yuan is a nationally recognized inheritor of the Zhangshu traditional Chinese medicine processing technique, a form of craftsmanship designated as national intangible cultural heritage in 2018.

\n

For over 1,800 years, Zhangshu — known as China's medicine capital — has perfected the art of traditional herb processing, transforming raw plants into precise medicine.

\n

This craft, known as Zhangbang techniques, relies on four signature tools: razor-sharp knives for paper-thin slicing, copper pots for controlled heating, mineral-rich local water, and secret methods passed from master to apprentice.

\n

Born into a family with a tradition in Chinese medicine, Yuan began working as an apprentice at the old Tianqitang pharmacy at the age of 16.

\n

He later studied under master craftsman Yu Shouxiang, known locally as the "First Blade of Zhangshu", who was renowned for his expertise in medicinal cutting.

\n

Yuan dedicated decades to mastering core skills of the craft, including specialized methods such as wine-steaming and honey-frying.

\n

For him, the heart of the craft lies in two skills: cutting and processing.

\n

"Whether stir-frying, soaking, steaming, or curing — even drying, sun-baking, slicing, or storing — every step demands precision. But it's the knife work that truly stands out: each slice cut to perfect thickness, almost like art.

\n

"Processing is not just about preparing herbs," Yuan said.

\n

"It demands reverence for the innate properties of medicinal materials and the application of precise methods to unlock their therapeutic value."

\n

In 2002, Yuan Xiaoping founded the Tianqitang Decoction Pieces Company, integrating TCM processing techniques with standardized modern production protocols. That same year, he established a dedicated training workshop to cultivate the next generation of TCM technicians.

\n

By creating the company and cultivation bases, Yuan has built a complete industrial chain — from herbal cultivation and harvesting to processing, production, and sales of TCM decoction pieces.

\n

By the end of 2024, Tianqitang Decoction Pieces reported annual revenue of 323 million yuan, driving a big growth in Zhangshu's traditional medicine industry.

\n

To sustain the tradition, Yuan organizes regular skills competitions and invites retired master workers to teach apprentices on-site. Nearly 40 percent of his technicians are under the age of 25.

\n

"Young people can carry the tradition forward if given the chance," he said. His students include Zhu Fulin and Liu Honglian, who now take on leadership roles themselves.

\n

Yuan's efforts are supported by local government initiatives.

\n

Zhangshu has introduced subsidy programs for certified heritage bearers and their apprentices. Yuan himself was named a TCM processing master of Jiangxi province, and his workshop was designated as a provincial intangible cultural heritage studio.

\n

In addition to training, Yuan has partnered with vocational colleges to build hands-on training centers in recent years.

\n

Students in TCM programs now visit regularly to learn slicing, roasting, and pill-making techniques in a real production environment. He has also contributed to the drafting of technical manuals and participated in regional research projects aimed at systematizing traditional practices.

\n

Despite modern production technologies, Yuan believes many essential steps remain dependent on experience.

\n

"Machines can cut, but they can't read the color, smell or texture of herbs," he said.

\n

His workshop has slowly become a space for education, exchange, and even tourism, attracting visitors — including students, researchers and herbal medicine retailers — who are curious about a tradition that continues to inform modern pharmaceutical practices.

\n

So far, Yuan has conducted 23 consecutive training workshops for specialized TCM technicians, educating over 1,500 practitioners.

\n

"Some techniques are simple in appearance, but they require years of repetition to do well," Yuan said. "And only when passed down can they truly stay alive."

\n

zhaoruinan@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_007_68a793aeed50ccabe1517f4f.htm#007CHINA", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "aea2f723396e9d31cde0f88c2f39f6f2", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "007CHINA - Offenders turned into ecological guardians", - "description": "

TAIYUAN — In recent years, courts in North China's Shanxi province have intensified their efforts to build specialized judicial capabilities for environmental and resource-related trials, aiming to better safeguard the fragile ecosystem of the Yellow River Basin.

\n

On the dusty banks of the Fenhe River, the defendants, following the court's order, released a bucket of fish. A total of 35,000 carp fry splashed into the river, restocking what their illegal nets once emptied. Welcome to Shanxi's courtroom of the green future, where justice is measured not only in convictions but in clear water and new grass.

\n

Shanxi has cultivated a team of judges who are not only proficient in environmental adjudication but also well-versed in ecological and resource-related expertise. Concurrently, "expert jurors" from diverse fields have been enlisted to offer scientific consultations during trials.

\n

Situated on the Loess Plateau, Shanxi confronts formidable ecological protection challenges. The Yellow River traverses four cities and 19 counties of the province, covering areas where over 65 percent of Shanxi's population resides. Its major tributary, the Fenhe River, serves as a vital water conservation zone and ecological barrier in the middle reaches of the Yellow River.

\n

Protecting these river basins is crucial for Shanxi's ecological governance and high-quality development. However, environmental and resource-related cases are often complex, extensive and highly technical.

\n

"In illegal fishing cases, sentencing may be straightforward, but the real challenge lies in enforcing ecological restoration," said Bian Junmei, deputy head of the environmental and resource tribunal of the Shanxi Provincial Higher People's Court. "For instance, which fish fry released into the Yellow and Fenhe rivers can generate the greatest ecological value? Judges don't always have the answers."

\n

In November 2024, under the guidance of experts from the local aquaculture research station, the People's Court of Yongji City recommended that the defendants release 35,000 fingerlings of red-eyed trout and Yellow River carp into the Yellow River as part of the penalty for ecological resource restoration.

\n

Red-eyed trout, being filter-feeding fish, can clean organic debris and plankton in the water, contributing to the maintenance of water cleanliness and health. These two species also hold high market value, providing fishermen with a significant economic return, according to local experts.

\n

Shanxi established its provincial-level environmental and resource tribunal in 2019. By the end of 2020, every intermediate court across the province had set up such environmental divisions, and each county-level court had formed specialized trial teams.

\n

By June 2025, Shanxi courts had handled over 22,000 cases involving environmental pollution, ecological damage, natural resource utilization, climate response and ecological governance.

\n

In a civil public interest litigation case filed by a Beijing research institute against a Shanxi aluminum company, the Xinzhou Intermediate People's Court facilitated a mediation agreement.

\n

With the support of technical experts, the company converted a dust-laden site into a lush grassland spanning more than 66 hectares, boosting its green production capacity.

\n

Through on-site circuit trials, ecological restocking, technology-upgrade-for-penalty mechanisms and volunteer services, Shanxi courts have encouraged the defendants to shift from "offenders" to "guardians", providing both education and deterrence for the public.

\n

", - "content": "

TAIYUAN — In recent years, courts in North China's Shanxi province have intensified their efforts to build specialized judicial capabilities for environmental and resource-related trials, aiming to better safeguard the fragile ecosystem of the Yellow River Basin.

\n

On the dusty banks of the Fenhe River, the defendants, following the court's order, released a bucket of fish. A total of 35,000 carp fry splashed into the river, restocking what their illegal nets once emptied. Welcome to Shanxi's courtroom of the green future, where justice is measured not only in convictions but in clear water and new grass.

\n

Shanxi has cultivated a team of judges who are not only proficient in environmental adjudication but also well-versed in ecological and resource-related expertise. Concurrently, "expert jurors" from diverse fields have been enlisted to offer scientific consultations during trials.

\n

Situated on the Loess Plateau, Shanxi confronts formidable ecological protection challenges. The Yellow River traverses four cities and 19 counties of the province, covering areas where over 65 percent of Shanxi's population resides. Its major tributary, the Fenhe River, serves as a vital water conservation zone and ecological barrier in the middle reaches of the Yellow River.

\n

Protecting these river basins is crucial for Shanxi's ecological governance and high-quality development. However, environmental and resource-related cases are often complex, extensive and highly technical.

\n

"In illegal fishing cases, sentencing may be straightforward, but the real challenge lies in enforcing ecological restoration," said Bian Junmei, deputy head of the environmental and resource tribunal of the Shanxi Provincial Higher People's Court. "For instance, which fish fry released into the Yellow and Fenhe rivers can generate the greatest ecological value? Judges don't always have the answers."

\n

In November 2024, under the guidance of experts from the local aquaculture research station, the People's Court of Yongji City recommended that the defendants release 35,000 fingerlings of red-eyed trout and Yellow River carp into the Yellow River as part of the penalty for ecological resource restoration.

\n

Red-eyed trout, being filter-feeding fish, can clean organic debris and plankton in the water, contributing to the maintenance of water cleanliness and health. These two species also hold high market value, providing fishermen with a significant economic return, according to local experts.

\n

Shanxi established its provincial-level environmental and resource tribunal in 2019. By the end of 2020, every intermediate court across the province had set up such environmental divisions, and each county-level court had formed specialized trial teams.

\n

By June 2025, Shanxi courts had handled over 22,000 cases involving environmental pollution, ecological damage, natural resource utilization, climate response and ecological governance.

\n

In a civil public interest litigation case filed by a Beijing research institute against a Shanxi aluminum company, the Xinzhou Intermediate People's Court facilitated a mediation agreement.

\n

With the support of technical experts, the company converted a dust-laden site into a lush grassland spanning more than 66 hectares, boosting its green production capacity.

\n

Through on-site circuit trials, ecological restocking, technology-upgrade-for-penalty mechanisms and volunteer services, Shanxi courts have encouraged the defendants to shift from "offenders" to "guardians", providing both education and deterrence for the public.

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_007_68a793b2ed50ccabe1517f50.htm#007CHINA", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "07adda5d23cd8eb1e05a3d81ff35ed26", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "008COMMENT - Autonomous region's 60th anniversary starts new chapter for beautiful Xizang", - "description": "

Fully demonstrating the effectiveness of the strong leadership of the Communist Party of China and the strengths of China's socialist system, people of all ethnic groups in the Xizang autonomous region have benefited more than ever before from development since the 18th National Congress of the CPC in 2012. The new development philosophy that was adopted and has been enriched ever since enabled Xizang, along with the rest of the country, to win the battle to eradicate extreme poverty and realize a moderately prosperous society in all respects in the new era.

\n

This was the culmination of decades of dedicated efforts to promote the autonomous region's development after its establishment in 1965. Between that year and 2024, the central government invested a total of 2.6 trillion yuan ($362.3 billion) in Xizang. A further 64.3 billion yuan was invested in the region since the 1990s through the paired-up assistance system in which 17 provinces and municipalities, central enterprises, and central financial institutions provide targeted support for counties and districts in the autonomous region that they are respectively assigned to assist. This system has also sent over 14,000 selected civil servants, professional and talents to work in Xizang for about three years in 11 batches by now.

\n

Yet the region cannot rest on its development achievements. Promoting the high-quality socioeconomic development of Xizang should always be the focus of local authorities, which should apply to the letter the new development philosophy of innovative, coordinated, green and open development that is for everyone.

\n

To that end, the local authorities must thoroughly carry out anti-secession efforts to ensure the consolidation and security of the border so as to ensure a stable environment for development as was urged by the central authorities at a grand gathering held on Thursday in Lhasa, capital of the autonomous region, to mark the 60th anniversary of its founding.

\n

The local authorities must unswervingly consolidate and develop ethnic unity by strengthening the exchanges and integration among all ethnic groups, and the identification of all ethnic groups with the motherland, the Chinese nation, Chinese culture, the Party, and socialism with Chinese characteristics, so as to ensure they fully identify themselves as members of the great Chinese family.

\n

In the process, local authorities should adhere to a people-centered approach and continuously improve people's well-being and promote common prosperity so as to ensure the fruits of high-quality development benefit all ethnic groups in Xizang, and local people have a greater sense of gain, fulfillment and security. To help the region promote ethnic unity and progress on all fronts, the central authorities have pledged to continue to increase their input and strengthen support for Xizang's development in the future.

\n

The remarkable development of the autonomous region over the past 60 years fully demonstrates that only under the leadership of the CPC, adhering to the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, upholding the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and adhering to the Party's guidelines on the governance of Xizang in the new era, can prosperity and progress be achieved in the autonomous region, and the people of all ethnic groups in Xizang live a happy life.

\n

With China at a critical juncture in building itself into a modern socialist country in all respects, Xizang's modernization drive stands at a new historical starting point.

\n

The region should have the confidence that under the leadership of the Party and with the full support of the nation, it will be able to accomplish the four tasks of ensuring stability, facilitating development, protecting the eco-environment, and strengthening the borders.

\n

In doing so, Xizang will open a new and splendid era of long-term peace and stability and high-quality development for itself.

\n

", - "content": "

Fully demonstrating the effectiveness of the strong leadership of the Communist Party of China and the strengths of China's socialist system, people of all ethnic groups in the Xizang autonomous region have benefited more than ever before from development since the 18th National Congress of the CPC in 2012. The new development philosophy that was adopted and has been enriched ever since enabled Xizang, along with the rest of the country, to win the battle to eradicate extreme poverty and realize a moderately prosperous society in all respects in the new era.

\n

This was the culmination of decades of dedicated efforts to promote the autonomous region's development after its establishment in 1965. Between that year and 2024, the central government invested a total of 2.6 trillion yuan ($362.3 billion) in Xizang. A further 64.3 billion yuan was invested in the region since the 1990s through the paired-up assistance system in which 17 provinces and municipalities, central enterprises, and central financial institutions provide targeted support for counties and districts in the autonomous region that they are respectively assigned to assist. This system has also sent over 14,000 selected civil servants, professional and talents to work in Xizang for about three years in 11 batches by now.

\n

Yet the region cannot rest on its development achievements. Promoting the high-quality socioeconomic development of Xizang should always be the focus of local authorities, which should apply to the letter the new development philosophy of innovative, coordinated, green and open development that is for everyone.

\n

To that end, the local authorities must thoroughly carry out anti-secession efforts to ensure the consolidation and security of the border so as to ensure a stable environment for development as was urged by the central authorities at a grand gathering held on Thursday in Lhasa, capital of the autonomous region, to mark the 60th anniversary of its founding.

\n

The local authorities must unswervingly consolidate and develop ethnic unity by strengthening the exchanges and integration among all ethnic groups, and the identification of all ethnic groups with the motherland, the Chinese nation, Chinese culture, the Party, and socialism with Chinese characteristics, so as to ensure they fully identify themselves as members of the great Chinese family.

\n

In the process, local authorities should adhere to a people-centered approach and continuously improve people's well-being and promote common prosperity so as to ensure the fruits of high-quality development benefit all ethnic groups in Xizang, and local people have a greater sense of gain, fulfillment and security. To help the region promote ethnic unity and progress on all fronts, the central authorities have pledged to continue to increase their input and strengthen support for Xizang's development in the future.

\n

The remarkable development of the autonomous region over the past 60 years fully demonstrates that only under the leadership of the CPC, adhering to the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, upholding the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and adhering to the Party's guidelines on the governance of Xizang in the new era, can prosperity and progress be achieved in the autonomous region, and the people of all ethnic groups in Xizang live a happy life.

\n

With China at a critical juncture in building itself into a modern socialist country in all respects, Xizang's modernization drive stands at a new historical starting point.

\n

The region should have the confidence that under the leadership of the Party and with the full support of the nation, it will be able to accomplish the four tasks of ensuring stability, facilitating development, protecting the eco-environment, and strengthening the borders.

\n

In doing so, Xizang will open a new and splendid era of long-term peace and stability and high-quality development for itself.

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_008_68a793b7ed50ccabe1517f51.htm#008COMMENT", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "8b9b6a5815b0b009bd1d252a79e85a49", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "008COMMENT - Canada should look to itself for its canola woes", - "description": "

The Ministry of Commerce announced preliminary anti-dumping duties on Canadian canola imports on Tuesday last week, with the provisional rate set at 75.8 percent, which became effective two days later.

\n

Although some claimed this move serves to escalate the year-long trade dispute between the two countries, which began with Ottawa's arbitrary imposition of a 100 percent tariff on imports of Chinese-made electric vehicles last August, China has enough reasons to do so according to the law, and the findings of an antidumping probe launched in September last year.

\n

China also filed a lawsuit against Canada for its restrictive import measures on steel and other products at the World Trade Organization on Friday last week, which was triggered by the Canadian side's ill-advised trade policies. Canada has disregarded WTO rules by implementing steel tariff-rate quotas and imposing discriminatory tariffs on products containing so-called "Chinese steel content", in spite of the Chinese side's strong dissatisfaction and resolute opposition.

\n

Canada's restrictive trade measures on Chinese-made EVs and products containing "Chinese steel content" constitute a typical example of unilateralism and trade protectionism. Such measures harm China's legitimate rights and interests, hurt the otherwise stable Sino-Canadian trade relations, and disrupt the stability of the global industry and supply chains. That leaves China no choice but to take legitimate and justified means to safeguard its core interests.

\n

Canada exported almost C$5 billion ($3.64 billion) of its oilseed crop to China in 2024. But the new duty rate set by China effectively closes the Chinese market to Canadian exports of the agriproduct, as Canola Council of Canada President Chris Davison said. Aware of the impacts on Canadian farmers, the Canadian government issued a statement immediately after China announced its preliminary antidumping duties on Canadian canola, declaring that the country "is committed to ensuring fair market access for our canola industry and we remain ready to engage in constructive dialogue with Chinese officials to address our respective trade concerns".

\n

It is good to hear the Canadian government say that it remains open to dialogue to try and settle the trade disputes. But it should reflect on the root causes of the strained economic ties between the two countries rather than feel "deeply disappointed" with China's decision. It certainly knows clearly what to do on its part to straighten out the trade ties with the world's second-largest economy.

\n

Some may be waiting for China to back down first, as the world's largest importer of canola has been sourcing nearly all its supplies of the product from Canada and now it will have to secure new supply sources in a short time to satisfy its huge domestic demand.

\n

But although China faces uncertainties and risks in its trade relations with some economies, such as Canada, its super-large market, stable demand and good credit record in international trade make it popular among most major exporters of staple commodities such as iron ore, oil and gas, soybean and canola.

\n

Those betting on China putting all its eggs in one basket should realize that China has enough space and has fully prepared to diversify its supply chains of strategic staple commodities. Reportedly, it is seeking to reopen canola trade with Australia after a five-year pause in a bid to secure supplies of the rapeseed crop. Such a diversification strategy is becoming increasingly common among major economies as the adoption of protectionism and unilateralism by some economies is disrupting the global industry and supply chains.

\n

China's diversification strategy is conducive to not only safeguarding its trade security in strategic items but also strengthening its bargaining position in trade negotiations with related countries. Meanwhile, the ability to switch suppliers, based on price and availability, helps China manage costs and maintain economic efficiency.

\n

As for Canada, the position it now finds itself in with regard to its canola exports can be attributed to the lack of autonomy in its policy. Its blind toeing of the United States' coercive policy has resulted in it unwarrantedly targeting China. Beijing has sent clear signals to the Mark Carney government since it took office in May that the two countries should work together to put Sino-Canadian ties back on the right track. But the Carney government seems hesitant to act on its claimed willingness to do so.

\n

Separately, China has also launched an antidumping investigation into Canadian pea starch and imposed provisional duties on imports of halogenated butyl rubber, according to Commerce Ministry statements. Those are acute reminders that Canada should take immediate actions to correct its erroneous practices, uphold the rules-based multilateral trading system, and promote the continued improvement of China-Canada economic ties.

\n

As China navigates the changing trade dynamics, it will continue to uphold multilateralism and free trade rules.

\n

", - "content": "

The Ministry of Commerce announced preliminary anti-dumping duties on Canadian canola imports on Tuesday last week, with the provisional rate set at 75.8 percent, which became effective two days later.

\n

Although some claimed this move serves to escalate the year-long trade dispute between the two countries, which began with Ottawa's arbitrary imposition of a 100 percent tariff on imports of Chinese-made electric vehicles last August, China has enough reasons to do so according to the law, and the findings of an antidumping probe launched in September last year.

\n

China also filed a lawsuit against Canada for its restrictive import measures on steel and other products at the World Trade Organization on Friday last week, which was triggered by the Canadian side's ill-advised trade policies. Canada has disregarded WTO rules by implementing steel tariff-rate quotas and imposing discriminatory tariffs on products containing so-called "Chinese steel content", in spite of the Chinese side's strong dissatisfaction and resolute opposition.

\n

Canada's restrictive trade measures on Chinese-made EVs and products containing "Chinese steel content" constitute a typical example of unilateralism and trade protectionism. Such measures harm China's legitimate rights and interests, hurt the otherwise stable Sino-Canadian trade relations, and disrupt the stability of the global industry and supply chains. That leaves China no choice but to take legitimate and justified means to safeguard its core interests.

\n

Canada exported almost C$5 billion ($3.64 billion) of its oilseed crop to China in 2024. But the new duty rate set by China effectively closes the Chinese market to Canadian exports of the agriproduct, as Canola Council of Canada President Chris Davison said. Aware of the impacts on Canadian farmers, the Canadian government issued a statement immediately after China announced its preliminary antidumping duties on Canadian canola, declaring that the country "is committed to ensuring fair market access for our canola industry and we remain ready to engage in constructive dialogue with Chinese officials to address our respective trade concerns".

\n

It is good to hear the Canadian government say that it remains open to dialogue to try and settle the trade disputes. But it should reflect on the root causes of the strained economic ties between the two countries rather than feel "deeply disappointed" with China's decision. It certainly knows clearly what to do on its part to straighten out the trade ties with the world's second-largest economy.

\n

Some may be waiting for China to back down first, as the world's largest importer of canola has been sourcing nearly all its supplies of the product from Canada and now it will have to secure new supply sources in a short time to satisfy its huge domestic demand.

\n

But although China faces uncertainties and risks in its trade relations with some economies, such as Canada, its super-large market, stable demand and good credit record in international trade make it popular among most major exporters of staple commodities such as iron ore, oil and gas, soybean and canola.

\n

Those betting on China putting all its eggs in one basket should realize that China has enough space and has fully prepared to diversify its supply chains of strategic staple commodities. Reportedly, it is seeking to reopen canola trade with Australia after a five-year pause in a bid to secure supplies of the rapeseed crop. Such a diversification strategy is becoming increasingly common among major economies as the adoption of protectionism and unilateralism by some economies is disrupting the global industry and supply chains.

\n

China's diversification strategy is conducive to not only safeguarding its trade security in strategic items but also strengthening its bargaining position in trade negotiations with related countries. Meanwhile, the ability to switch suppliers, based on price and availability, helps China manage costs and maintain economic efficiency.

\n

As for Canada, the position it now finds itself in with regard to its canola exports can be attributed to the lack of autonomy in its policy. Its blind toeing of the United States' coercive policy has resulted in it unwarrantedly targeting China. Beijing has sent clear signals to the Mark Carney government since it took office in May that the two countries should work together to put Sino-Canadian ties back on the right track. But the Carney government seems hesitant to act on its claimed willingness to do so.

\n

Separately, China has also launched an antidumping investigation into Canadian pea starch and imposed provisional duties on imports of halogenated butyl rubber, according to Commerce Ministry statements. Those are acute reminders that Canada should take immediate actions to correct its erroneous practices, uphold the rules-based multilateral trading system, and promote the continued improvement of China-Canada economic ties.

\n

As China navigates the changing trade dynamics, it will continue to uphold multilateralism and free trade rules.

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_008_68a793bbed50ccabe1517f52.htm#008COMMENT", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "4bf732eb2aed88e36d743f7df246bc47", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "008COMMENT - Picture news", - "description": "

\n


获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", - "content": "

\n


获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_008_68a793bfed50ccabe1517f53.htm#008COMMENT", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "9ad265b720ef4f24cb6624ba4b35c521", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "008COMMENT - V-Day parade a show of ability and will to defend peace, justice", - "description": "

China's V-Day military parade, scheduled for Sept 3 in Tian'anmen Square in Beijing, will be the first of its kind since China embarked on a new journey to advance Chinese modernization on all fronts.

\n

A total of 45 formations and echelons will be involved in the grand parade. During the march-past, foot formations, battle flag formations, armament columns and flag-guarding aerial echelons will pass through the square in order, while fly-pasts are conducted overhead, according to the People's Liberation Army officials presiding over a news conference on Wednesday.

\n

The parade will provide the world with a rare chance to see the achievements of the PLA's modernization endeavors in recent years, which have created a new system of services and arms. The four services are the Army, the Navy, the Air Force, and the Rocket Force, and the four arms are the Aerospace Force, the Cyberspace Force, the Information Support Force and the Joint Logistics Support Force.

\n

The Army now accounts for less than 50 percent of the total active-duty personnel; noncombat units have been cut by nearly two-fourths; and the officer corps has been reduced by 30 percent — all to streamline the military and improve its combat capabilities, according to the news conference.

\n

With a high level of informatization and intelligence, the weapons and equipment to be displayed are expected to demonstrate the strong adaptive capability of the Chinese armed forces in response to the transformative sci-tech developments and the evolution of war forms.

\n

The parade will not only showcase a series of new-generation armaments but, more importantly, that under the leadership of the Party, the country and the armed forces have grown stronger and have the ability to win wars.

\n

In 2014, the country designated Sept 3 as Victory Day of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931-45). The parade will showcase that the great spirit of the Chinese people in that war lives on.

\n

The international community should recognize the fact that China made a major contribution to the victory in the World Anti-Fascist War by tying down and fighting the bulk of Japanese forces, and wiping out more than 1.5 million enemy troops.

\n

In 1945, after 14 years of resistance, China achieved victory at a tremendous cost of 35 million military and civilian casualties, accounting for one-third of the total casualties suffered by all countries in World War II.

\n

Japan surrendered on Sept 2,1945, signing the Instrument of Surrender to China and other Allied powers. China celebrated the victory the following day.

\n

China's victory in the war 80 years ago was a triumph of justice over evil, light over darkness, and progress over reaction. China was the first country to fight against fascist aggression. With huge national sacrifice, the Chinese people held their ground in the World Anti-Fascist War's main theater in the East.

\n

While demonstrating the Chinese military's strong ability to safeguard national sovereignty, security, and development interests, the parade is also a signal that the country upholds peace and will firmly defend international fairness and justice.

\n

With the rise of the hegemony and unilateralism of some countries that seek to define the world order according to their will, the international community should stand united to jointly defend the postwar international order.

\n

A country committed to peace and stability, China will work together with peace-loving countries and people across the world to uphold and advocate the correct historical view of World War II, resolutely safeguard the postwar order, firmly defend international fairness and justice, staunchly oppose all forms of hegemonism and power politics, and jointly promote the building of a community with a shared future for humanity.

\n

", - "content": "

China's V-Day military parade, scheduled for Sept 3 in Tian'anmen Square in Beijing, will be the first of its kind since China embarked on a new journey to advance Chinese modernization on all fronts.

\n

A total of 45 formations and echelons will be involved in the grand parade. During the march-past, foot formations, battle flag formations, armament columns and flag-guarding aerial echelons will pass through the square in order, while fly-pasts are conducted overhead, according to the People's Liberation Army officials presiding over a news conference on Wednesday.

\n

The parade will provide the world with a rare chance to see the achievements of the PLA's modernization endeavors in recent years, which have created a new system of services and arms. The four services are the Army, the Navy, the Air Force, and the Rocket Force, and the four arms are the Aerospace Force, the Cyberspace Force, the Information Support Force and the Joint Logistics Support Force.

\n

The Army now accounts for less than 50 percent of the total active-duty personnel; noncombat units have been cut by nearly two-fourths; and the officer corps has been reduced by 30 percent — all to streamline the military and improve its combat capabilities, according to the news conference.

\n

With a high level of informatization and intelligence, the weapons and equipment to be displayed are expected to demonstrate the strong adaptive capability of the Chinese armed forces in response to the transformative sci-tech developments and the evolution of war forms.

\n

The parade will not only showcase a series of new-generation armaments but, more importantly, that under the leadership of the Party, the country and the armed forces have grown stronger and have the ability to win wars.

\n

In 2014, the country designated Sept 3 as Victory Day of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931-45). The parade will showcase that the great spirit of the Chinese people in that war lives on.

\n

The international community should recognize the fact that China made a major contribution to the victory in the World Anti-Fascist War by tying down and fighting the bulk of Japanese forces, and wiping out more than 1.5 million enemy troops.

\n

In 1945, after 14 years of resistance, China achieved victory at a tremendous cost of 35 million military and civilian casualties, accounting for one-third of the total casualties suffered by all countries in World War II.

\n

Japan surrendered on Sept 2,1945, signing the Instrument of Surrender to China and other Allied powers. China celebrated the victory the following day.

\n

China's victory in the war 80 years ago was a triumph of justice over evil, light over darkness, and progress over reaction. China was the first country to fight against fascist aggression. With huge national sacrifice, the Chinese people held their ground in the World Anti-Fascist War's main theater in the East.

\n

While demonstrating the Chinese military's strong ability to safeguard national sovereignty, security, and development interests, the parade is also a signal that the country upholds peace and will firmly defend international fairness and justice.

\n

With the rise of the hegemony and unilateralism of some countries that seek to define the world order according to their will, the international community should stand united to jointly defend the postwar international order.

\n

A country committed to peace and stability, China will work together with peace-loving countries and people across the world to uphold and advocate the correct historical view of World War II, resolutely safeguard the postwar order, firmly defend international fairness and justice, staunchly oppose all forms of hegemonism and power politics, and jointly promote the building of a community with a shared future for humanity.

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_008_68a793c4ed50ccabe1517f54.htm#008COMMENT", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "fac2d0fe443bb0d1bf3fab34403bd457", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "008COMMENT - Openness and cooperation key for AI development", - "description": "

Editor's Note: Artificial intelligence is reshaping human civilization through a chain reaction of "technological breakthroughs-industrial integration-social restructuring". AI has evolved from a single technological tool into a core engine driving economic, social and cultural transformation. Qi Guojun, a distinguished scientist of the Association for Computing Machinery and professor at Westlake University, spoke to Chinanews.com about the changes that AI would bring about in the economy and whether the global dialogue on AI is about competition or coexistence. Below are excerpts from the interview. The views don't necessarily represent those of China Daily.

\n

There is not sufficient evidence or scientific consensus to suggest that AI will develop self-awareness. Such ideas remain largely within the realm of science fiction. Nevertheless, development of the technology does present new challenges, although such issues are not unique to AI. The emergence of any new technology, such as the internet, has historically been accompanied by problems such as piracy and spread of harmful content in the case of the internet.

\n

But the overall positive impact of AI on society far outweighs the negative. AI brings significant value by advancing productivity, expanding application scenarios, creating new categories of employment and optimizing industrial structures. Indeed, there are already many cases of the positive impact of AI. For example, AI is widely applied in customer service, which has improved productivity. While this has put pressure on employment, it has also generated new and higher-paying jobs in the data industry. In creative sectors, such as digital humans, animation and art production, AI has replaced more than 90 percent of repetitive work. The advertising industry and data-processing-related sectors have also undergone major changes.

\n

Looking ahead, AI will play a powerful role in improving productivity across all industries. Much like the first stage of internet development, which initially boosted productivity, the next stage may see the rise of new enterprises that are native to the AI ecosystem. Within the next five years, large-scale enterprises borne from AI will emerge, with the potential to exert a profound influence on the global economy for the next 20-30 years.

\n

As for the future dialogue on AI, it will involve both competition and coexistence, but coexistence will outweigh competition. In this context, two dimensions of competition, speed and openness, are particularly critical.

\n

With regard to speed, the AI industry shares similarities with the internet sector. Because technological exchanges are frequent, no one can monopolize technology for long. The true advantage lies in scale, where speed and openness determine success. Whoever moves faster can attract more users, acquire more data and iterate their models more efficiently, creating a positive feedback loop, the so-called flywheel effect. Once the flywheel turns, both scale and influence will continue to expand.

\n

If a model is used on a small scale, it will not be able to attract enough users to form a sustainable commercial cycle. Without growth in data and users, it cannot fully understand user intentions and application scenarios, making it difficult for it to improve performance. This is why AI development must move toward greater openness, encouraging more users to participate in order to generate positive feedback. This is the essence of open competition in AI.

\n

Successful internet and IT enterprises are inevitably global, or at least exert significant cross-border influence. In the process, mutual reinforcement creates a relationship of coexistence. For instance, cooperation can be carried out in areas such as data governance and AI ethical standards. AI's positive spillover effects will extend worldwide, with technology sharing becoming a natural outcome.

\n

Academic exchange also strengthens coexistence. The AI field is highly open, with a large volume of new research shared in academic journals, at conferences and on open platforms. Through these exchanges, knowledge is disseminated, new ideas are shared and technological progress gets accelerated.

\n

", - "content": "

Editor's Note: Artificial intelligence is reshaping human civilization through a chain reaction of "technological breakthroughs-industrial integration-social restructuring". AI has evolved from a single technological tool into a core engine driving economic, social and cultural transformation. Qi Guojun, a distinguished scientist of the Association for Computing Machinery and professor at Westlake University, spoke to Chinanews.com about the changes that AI would bring about in the economy and whether the global dialogue on AI is about competition or coexistence. Below are excerpts from the interview. The views don't necessarily represent those of China Daily.

\n

There is not sufficient evidence or scientific consensus to suggest that AI will develop self-awareness. Such ideas remain largely within the realm of science fiction. Nevertheless, development of the technology does present new challenges, although such issues are not unique to AI. The emergence of any new technology, such as the internet, has historically been accompanied by problems such as piracy and spread of harmful content in the case of the internet.

\n

But the overall positive impact of AI on society far outweighs the negative. AI brings significant value by advancing productivity, expanding application scenarios, creating new categories of employment and optimizing industrial structures. Indeed, there are already many cases of the positive impact of AI. For example, AI is widely applied in customer service, which has improved productivity. While this has put pressure on employment, it has also generated new and higher-paying jobs in the data industry. In creative sectors, such as digital humans, animation and art production, AI has replaced more than 90 percent of repetitive work. The advertising industry and data-processing-related sectors have also undergone major changes.

\n

Looking ahead, AI will play a powerful role in improving productivity across all industries. Much like the first stage of internet development, which initially boosted productivity, the next stage may see the rise of new enterprises that are native to the AI ecosystem. Within the next five years, large-scale enterprises borne from AI will emerge, with the potential to exert a profound influence on the global economy for the next 20-30 years.

\n

As for the future dialogue on AI, it will involve both competition and coexistence, but coexistence will outweigh competition. In this context, two dimensions of competition, speed and openness, are particularly critical.

\n

With regard to speed, the AI industry shares similarities with the internet sector. Because technological exchanges are frequent, no one can monopolize technology for long. The true advantage lies in scale, where speed and openness determine success. Whoever moves faster can attract more users, acquire more data and iterate their models more efficiently, creating a positive feedback loop, the so-called flywheel effect. Once the flywheel turns, both scale and influence will continue to expand.

\n

If a model is used on a small scale, it will not be able to attract enough users to form a sustainable commercial cycle. Without growth in data and users, it cannot fully understand user intentions and application scenarios, making it difficult for it to improve performance. This is why AI development must move toward greater openness, encouraging more users to participate in order to generate positive feedback. This is the essence of open competition in AI.

\n

Successful internet and IT enterprises are inevitably global, or at least exert significant cross-border influence. In the process, mutual reinforcement creates a relationship of coexistence. For instance, cooperation can be carried out in areas such as data governance and AI ethical standards. AI's positive spillover effects will extend worldwide, with technology sharing becoming a natural outcome.

\n

Academic exchange also strengthens coexistence. The AI field is highly open, with a large volume of new research shared in academic journals, at conferences and on open platforms. Through these exchanges, knowledge is disseminated, new ideas are shared and technological progress gets accelerated.

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_008_68a793c8ed50ccabe1517f55.htm#008COMMENT", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "27293aa331827fe2b00c0a875553a6bb", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "009VIEWS - The prospects for Cambodia-China cooperation", - "description": "
\n

\n

Cambodia and China have enjoyed a long-standing and special relationship established and nurtured by successive generations of leaders continuing to the present day. The historical bond has grown from strength to strength and developed into an ironclad friendship, driven by strong political trust and a deep sense of mutual respect for independence, sovereignty, territorial integrity, and noninterference. This friendship is a solid foundation for building an all-weather Cambodia-China community with a shared future in the new era, as both countries continue to deepen their Comprehensive Strategic Partnership and enrich cooperation under the Diamond Hexagon Cooperation Framework.

\n

Cambodia has consistently supported the "One-China Policy" and regards issues related to Taiwan, Hong Kong, Xizang, and Xinjiang as the internal matters of China, while China firmly supports Cambodia in pursuing its own development path suitable for its national characteristics.

\n

Both countries have maintained frequent all-level engagement and communication that promote close and mutually beneficial cooperation in various areas including politics, economy, trade and investment, tourism, education, people-to-people connectivity, innovation, energy, and defense and security, among others. Cambodia is among the first countries to support various initiatives proposed by China including the Belt and Road Initiative, the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative and the Global Civilization Initiative.

\n

Under the BRI, many win-win infrastructure projects, which align with Cambodia's development priorities, have contributed to our remarkable economic growth. These encompass Siem Reap Angkor International Airport, Phnom Penh-Sihanoukville Expressway, Preah Sihanouk Special Economic Zone, and among others. The Chinese side supports Cambodia in developing Funan Techo Integrated Water Resources Management Project under the principle of feasibility and sustainability.

\n

Economic and trade cooperation between the two countries has grown steadily over the past decades, fueled by a shared strategic vision, and mutual trust. Since the signing of the Cambodia-China Free Trade Agreement in 2020, the two-way trade has substantially increased. Both countries have jointly developed "Industrial and Technology" and "Fish and Rice "corridors to enhance Cambodia-China agricultural modernization and deepen cooperation in production capacity and industrial manufacturing. The two nations are working to promote investment in emerging sectors such as digital economy and innovation, as well as green and sustainable development.

\n

Furthermore, both countries continue to make full use of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) and ASEAN-China Free Trade Area (ACFTA). Cambodia supports the accession of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China to the RCEP and welcomes the fact that ASEAN and China have completed negotiations on the ACFTA 3.0 Upgrade Protocol, which will deepen regional cooperation.

\n

The two countries also emphasize the importance of fostering people-to-people connectivity to promote mutual understanding and cultural exchange. After the successful conclusion of the"2024 Year of People-to-People Exchange", the two countries have designated the Year 2025 as the "Year of Tourism", marking a new chapter of deepening people-to-people exchange.

\n

Looking ahead, Cambodia remains committed to deepening cooperation with China across all sectors, delivering tangible benefits to both nations and contributing to a more peaceful, prosperous, and integrated region.

\n

The Prospects for cooperation under the SCO framework

\n

Since obtaining SCO Dialogue Partner status in 2015, Cambodia has consistently valued its engagement with the SCO and actively participated in its cooperative activities. Cambodia attaches great significance to fostering close cooperation with all SCO member states, observers and dialogue partners in promoting the "Shanghai Spirit" — grounded in mutual trust and benefit, equality and consultation, respect for diverse cultures, and common development.

\n

Economically, the SCO represents over 40 percent of the world population, and over 20 percent of the world's GDP. This positions Cambodia to benefit significantly from increasing and diversifying bilateral economic exchanges and development cooperation with China and key trading partners.

\n

Furthermore, Cambodia seeks to leverage the opportunities within this expansive region striving for peace, stability, deeper integration, connectivity and seamless flow of trade and investment for all.

\n

Cambodia envisions the SCO as a platform that embodies a new model for cooperation, one that prioritizes mutually beneficial engagement, respects sovereignty, and refrains from interfering in the internal affairs of individual states. This aligns with Cambodia's commitment to a foreign policy of peace, neutrality, and respect for sovereignty of each nation.

\n

Looking ahead, Cambodia will work closely with China and key partners to strengthen both bilateral and multilateral cooperation including through the SCO framework. We will continue to deepen mutual trust through regular consultations and find new approaches to further promote win-win cooperation within the SCO mechanism.

\n

The views don't necessarily reflect those of China Daily.

\n

", - "content": "
\n

\n

Cambodia and China have enjoyed a long-standing and special relationship established and nurtured by successive generations of leaders continuing to the present day. The historical bond has grown from strength to strength and developed into an ironclad friendship, driven by strong political trust and a deep sense of mutual respect for independence, sovereignty, territorial integrity, and noninterference. This friendship is a solid foundation for building an all-weather Cambodia-China community with a shared future in the new era, as both countries continue to deepen their Comprehensive Strategic Partnership and enrich cooperation under the Diamond Hexagon Cooperation Framework.

\n

Cambodia has consistently supported the "One-China Policy" and regards issues related to Taiwan, Hong Kong, Xizang, and Xinjiang as the internal matters of China, while China firmly supports Cambodia in pursuing its own development path suitable for its national characteristics.

\n

Both countries have maintained frequent all-level engagement and communication that promote close and mutually beneficial cooperation in various areas including politics, economy, trade and investment, tourism, education, people-to-people connectivity, innovation, energy, and defense and security, among others. Cambodia is among the first countries to support various initiatives proposed by China including the Belt and Road Initiative, the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative and the Global Civilization Initiative.

\n

Under the BRI, many win-win infrastructure projects, which align with Cambodia's development priorities, have contributed to our remarkable economic growth. These encompass Siem Reap Angkor International Airport, Phnom Penh-Sihanoukville Expressway, Preah Sihanouk Special Economic Zone, and among others. The Chinese side supports Cambodia in developing Funan Techo Integrated Water Resources Management Project under the principle of feasibility and sustainability.

\n

Economic and trade cooperation between the two countries has grown steadily over the past decades, fueled by a shared strategic vision, and mutual trust. Since the signing of the Cambodia-China Free Trade Agreement in 2020, the two-way trade has substantially increased. Both countries have jointly developed "Industrial and Technology" and "Fish and Rice "corridors to enhance Cambodia-China agricultural modernization and deepen cooperation in production capacity and industrial manufacturing. The two nations are working to promote investment in emerging sectors such as digital economy and innovation, as well as green and sustainable development.

\n

Furthermore, both countries continue to make full use of the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) and ASEAN-China Free Trade Area (ACFTA). Cambodia supports the accession of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China to the RCEP and welcomes the fact that ASEAN and China have completed negotiations on the ACFTA 3.0 Upgrade Protocol, which will deepen regional cooperation.

\n

The two countries also emphasize the importance of fostering people-to-people connectivity to promote mutual understanding and cultural exchange. After the successful conclusion of the"2024 Year of People-to-People Exchange", the two countries have designated the Year 2025 as the "Year of Tourism", marking a new chapter of deepening people-to-people exchange.

\n

Looking ahead, Cambodia remains committed to deepening cooperation with China across all sectors, delivering tangible benefits to both nations and contributing to a more peaceful, prosperous, and integrated region.

\n

The Prospects for cooperation under the SCO framework

\n

Since obtaining SCO Dialogue Partner status in 2015, Cambodia has consistently valued its engagement with the SCO and actively participated in its cooperative activities. Cambodia attaches great significance to fostering close cooperation with all SCO member states, observers and dialogue partners in promoting the "Shanghai Spirit" — grounded in mutual trust and benefit, equality and consultation, respect for diverse cultures, and common development.

\n

Economically, the SCO represents over 40 percent of the world population, and over 20 percent of the world's GDP. This positions Cambodia to benefit significantly from increasing and diversifying bilateral economic exchanges and development cooperation with China and key trading partners.

\n

Furthermore, Cambodia seeks to leverage the opportunities within this expansive region striving for peace, stability, deeper integration, connectivity and seamless flow of trade and investment for all.

\n

Cambodia envisions the SCO as a platform that embodies a new model for cooperation, one that prioritizes mutually beneficial engagement, respects sovereignty, and refrains from interfering in the internal affairs of individual states. This aligns with Cambodia's commitment to a foreign policy of peace, neutrality, and respect for sovereignty of each nation.

\n

Looking ahead, Cambodia will work closely with China and key partners to strengthen both bilateral and multilateral cooperation including through the SCO framework. We will continue to deepen mutual trust through regular consultations and find new approaches to further promote win-win cooperation within the SCO mechanism.

\n

The views don't necessarily reflect those of China Daily.

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_009_68a793cced50ccabe1517f56.htm#009VIEWS", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "5ff4efb04f018e424699c5146465e188", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "009VIEWS - DPP's separatist agenda is bound to failure", - "description": "
\n

The Democratic Progressive Party authorities in Taiwan are once again resorting to historical revisionism. A senior official of the island has claimed that the "San Francisco Peace Treaty" replaced the Cairo Declaration and the Potsdam Proclamation, which called for Japan's unconditional surrender in World War II and the return of Taiwan to China. He also claimed that the treaty did not call for transfer of Taiwan to China.

\n

This argument is not only legally baseless but also politically contrived — a rhetoric the DPP has long been recycling to push forward its "Taiwan independence "agenda. The argument twists international law, ignores binding wartime agreements, and amounts to political theater.

\n

The DPP's habit of cloaking separatist ambitions in high-sounding language is nothing new. Two months ago, Taiwan leader Lai Ching-te announced a political campaign in the name of fostering "unity", delivering his so-called "ten talks" in a bid to sway public opinion. On the surface, his language sounds lofty — filled with words like "peace", "democracy", and "solidarity".But behind his carefully choreographed performance lies a much more troubling reality: a calculated effort to repackage separatist ambitions in the language of hope, while driving a wedge between the Chinese people on the two sides of the Taiwan Strait.

\n

At the heart of Lai's campaign is a play of words, aimed at normalizing "Taiwan independence" through linguistic manipulation. Lai's repeated assertion that "the two sides of the Strait are not subordinate to each other" is nothing new; it is a recycled narrative designed to obscure Taiwan's historical and legal ties with the Chinese mainland.

\n

The rhetoric is aimed at dividing the Chinese people across the Strait, fomenting hostility against the mainland, and creating a climate of fear and antagonism. It is not a slip of the tongue, but part of a strategic ploy of Lai and his DPP to repeat falsehoods in a bid to make it sound like fact, use language as a weapon to reshape public perceptions and weaken the shared identity of the Chinese people on the two sides of the Strait.

\n

Lai's attempt to distort facts does not stop at wordplay. It extends into the realm of history. He has been denying the undeniable — that Taiwan has been a part of China since ancient times — by turning a blind eye to archaeological evidence and historical records that show the origin of the island residents is in southeastern China. He ignores centuries of administration by Chinese governments and downplays the fact that Taiwan was returned to China after Japan's defeat in World War II.

\n

These are not inadvertent omissions but deliberate acts of distortion. Lai seeks to rupture cultural and historical memory, crafting a fictional past that serves the DPP's ideological goals of "cultural independence" and identity separation. Instead of "giving voice to Taiwan", Lai is trying to sever its connection with a shared national heritage.

\n

Equally troubling is Lai's misuse of international law. By claiming that "Taiwan is not a part of China", he disregards the legal framework established by the 1943 Cairo Declaration, the 1945 Potsdam Proclamation, and the Japanese Instrument of Surrender signed on Sept 2, 1945 — all of which affirm Taiwan's return to China.

\n

He also brushes aside UN General Assembly Resolution 2758, which recognizes the representatives of the government of the People's Republic of China as the only lawful representative of China to the UN. The global consensus on Taiwan is unambiguous. An overwhelming majority of countries adhere to the one-China principle that there is only one China, and Taiwan is an integral part of China. Yet Lai insists on bending international law to suit his political interests. His approach undermines the credibility of international institutions and the postwar global order.

\n

What Lai is offering is not a road map for unity but a divisive political stunt — a rhetorical trap designed to manufacture consent for separatism in the guise of holding rational dialogue. His speeches are aimed at projecting ideological mobilization as policy discourse, while obscuring historical truths and legal realities. No matter how skillfully he crafts his message, lies repeated a thousand times remain lies. The historical fact of Taiwan being an integral part of China, and the emotional and historical ties of people across the Strait can't be overwritten by any script.

\n

History cannot be rewritten, law cannot be manipulated, and a nation cannot be divided by using tricks of language. The tide of national reunification is a force too powerful to resist. And those who seek to divide the country for political purposes will ultimately be judged, not just by history, but by the people.

\n

", - "content": "
\n

The Democratic Progressive Party authorities in Taiwan are once again resorting to historical revisionism. A senior official of the island has claimed that the "San Francisco Peace Treaty" replaced the Cairo Declaration and the Potsdam Proclamation, which called for Japan's unconditional surrender in World War II and the return of Taiwan to China. He also claimed that the treaty did not call for transfer of Taiwan to China.

\n

This argument is not only legally baseless but also politically contrived — a rhetoric the DPP has long been recycling to push forward its "Taiwan independence "agenda. The argument twists international law, ignores binding wartime agreements, and amounts to political theater.

\n

The DPP's habit of cloaking separatist ambitions in high-sounding language is nothing new. Two months ago, Taiwan leader Lai Ching-te announced a political campaign in the name of fostering "unity", delivering his so-called "ten talks" in a bid to sway public opinion. On the surface, his language sounds lofty — filled with words like "peace", "democracy", and "solidarity".But behind his carefully choreographed performance lies a much more troubling reality: a calculated effort to repackage separatist ambitions in the language of hope, while driving a wedge between the Chinese people on the two sides of the Taiwan Strait.

\n

At the heart of Lai's campaign is a play of words, aimed at normalizing "Taiwan independence" through linguistic manipulation. Lai's repeated assertion that "the two sides of the Strait are not subordinate to each other" is nothing new; it is a recycled narrative designed to obscure Taiwan's historical and legal ties with the Chinese mainland.

\n

The rhetoric is aimed at dividing the Chinese people across the Strait, fomenting hostility against the mainland, and creating a climate of fear and antagonism. It is not a slip of the tongue, but part of a strategic ploy of Lai and his DPP to repeat falsehoods in a bid to make it sound like fact, use language as a weapon to reshape public perceptions and weaken the shared identity of the Chinese people on the two sides of the Strait.

\n

Lai's attempt to distort facts does not stop at wordplay. It extends into the realm of history. He has been denying the undeniable — that Taiwan has been a part of China since ancient times — by turning a blind eye to archaeological evidence and historical records that show the origin of the island residents is in southeastern China. He ignores centuries of administration by Chinese governments and downplays the fact that Taiwan was returned to China after Japan's defeat in World War II.

\n

These are not inadvertent omissions but deliberate acts of distortion. Lai seeks to rupture cultural and historical memory, crafting a fictional past that serves the DPP's ideological goals of "cultural independence" and identity separation. Instead of "giving voice to Taiwan", Lai is trying to sever its connection with a shared national heritage.

\n

Equally troubling is Lai's misuse of international law. By claiming that "Taiwan is not a part of China", he disregards the legal framework established by the 1943 Cairo Declaration, the 1945 Potsdam Proclamation, and the Japanese Instrument of Surrender signed on Sept 2, 1945 — all of which affirm Taiwan's return to China.

\n

He also brushes aside UN General Assembly Resolution 2758, which recognizes the representatives of the government of the People's Republic of China as the only lawful representative of China to the UN. The global consensus on Taiwan is unambiguous. An overwhelming majority of countries adhere to the one-China principle that there is only one China, and Taiwan is an integral part of China. Yet Lai insists on bending international law to suit his political interests. His approach undermines the credibility of international institutions and the postwar global order.

\n

What Lai is offering is not a road map for unity but a divisive political stunt — a rhetorical trap designed to manufacture consent for separatism in the guise of holding rational dialogue. His speeches are aimed at projecting ideological mobilization as policy discourse, while obscuring historical truths and legal realities. No matter how skillfully he crafts his message, lies repeated a thousand times remain lies. The historical fact of Taiwan being an integral part of China, and the emotional and historical ties of people across the Strait can't be overwritten by any script.

\n

History cannot be rewritten, law cannot be manipulated, and a nation cannot be divided by using tricks of language. The tide of national reunification is a force too powerful to resist. And those who seek to divide the country for political purposes will ultimately be judged, not just by history, but by the people.

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_009_68a793d1ed50ccabe1517f57.htm#009VIEWS", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "c85825a58517913d4564cf1da4daad9a", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "009VIEWS - The best time to help end Russia-Ukraine conflict is now", - "description": "

Chen Weihua

\n\n

The latest intensive diplomatic efforts to help end the 42-month-long Russia-Ukraine conflict provide an opportunity for restoring peace, which should not be allowed to go to waste despite the many differences and huge challenges ahead.

\n

Although US President Donald Trump and Russian President Vladimir Putin did not reach a deal to end the conflict, their summit in Anchorage, Alaska, was billed as a vital step toward peace in Ukraine.

\n

More important, Trump said he was trying to schedule a summit between Putin and his Ukrainian counterpart Volodymyr Zelensky. The Anchorage summit was followed by Trump's summit with Zelensky and several other European leaders in Washington on Monday.

\n

Trump deserves some understanding for reaching out to the US' so-called adversaries, including Russia, because it is necessary to talk to the other side, instead of with just allies and friendly countries, in order to broker peace and bring a conflict to end.

\n

On the contrary, the lack of such diplomacy between the US and the European Union and Russia during the Joe Biden administration was part of the reasons for the intensification of the Ukraine crisis in the past three plus years. As a result, the conflict has claimed thousands of lives and caused enormous economic losses on both sides.

\n

Prolonging and escalating the conflict, which some European countries seem to be driving at, will only result in bigger disasters for not only Ukraine and Russia but also Europe.

\n

Unfortunately, that still seems to be the preferred choice of many European politicians despite their public flattering of Trump for his efforts to help end the conflict. In fact, many still dream of seeing Russia suffer a decisive defeat, and don't believe Trump has their best interests in mind.

\n

That's why some European leaders have been trying to deny the necessity and value of the Alaska summit by claiming Putin does not want peace and cannot be trusted.

\n

The European Union will not gain anything by calling for new sanctions against Russia — as it has been doing amid Trump's diplomatic outreach. Both European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen and EU foreign policy chief Kaja Kallas said earlier this week that the EU's 19th sanctions package against Russia should be ready by September.

\n

If the past 18 rounds of sanctions failed to achieve the desired outcome, will the 19th sanctions package make any difference?

\n

For anyone who's been following the more than three-year-long conflict, it is clear that the best time for mediating countries to broker a peace deal between Russia and Ukraine is now, and not after another three years.

\n

Indeed, many of the involved parties' demands are conflicting, from Trump's so-called "territorial swap" to Ukraine's NATO membership to "detailed security guarantee". And these are all tough issues, especially because they are politically sensitive nature. But that should not deter the genuine peace-seekers from mediating peace between Moscow and Kyiv.

\n

A peace deal between Russia and Ukraine will likely require many rounds of talks. But declaring a ceasefire and holding talks are always better than fighting. As Winston Churchill said in 1954, to jaw-jaw is always better than to war-war.

\n

China has been calling for an immediate ceasefire and dialogue for the past three years to end the Russia-Ukraine conflict. And now that another opportunity has arisen to end the conflict, the parties involved should not waste any more precious time to restore peace.

\n

chenweihua@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "content": "

Chen Weihua

\n\n

The latest intensive diplomatic efforts to help end the 42-month-long Russia-Ukraine conflict provide an opportunity for restoring peace, which should not be allowed to go to waste despite the many differences and huge challenges ahead.

\n

Although US President Donald Trump and Russian President Vladimir Putin did not reach a deal to end the conflict, their summit in Anchorage, Alaska, was billed as a vital step toward peace in Ukraine.

\n

More important, Trump said he was trying to schedule a summit between Putin and his Ukrainian counterpart Volodymyr Zelensky. The Anchorage summit was followed by Trump's summit with Zelensky and several other European leaders in Washington on Monday.

\n

Trump deserves some understanding for reaching out to the US' so-called adversaries, including Russia, because it is necessary to talk to the other side, instead of with just allies and friendly countries, in order to broker peace and bring a conflict to end.

\n

On the contrary, the lack of such diplomacy between the US and the European Union and Russia during the Joe Biden administration was part of the reasons for the intensification of the Ukraine crisis in the past three plus years. As a result, the conflict has claimed thousands of lives and caused enormous economic losses on both sides.

\n

Prolonging and escalating the conflict, which some European countries seem to be driving at, will only result in bigger disasters for not only Ukraine and Russia but also Europe.

\n

Unfortunately, that still seems to be the preferred choice of many European politicians despite their public flattering of Trump for his efforts to help end the conflict. In fact, many still dream of seeing Russia suffer a decisive defeat, and don't believe Trump has their best interests in mind.

\n

That's why some European leaders have been trying to deny the necessity and value of the Alaska summit by claiming Putin does not want peace and cannot be trusted.

\n

The European Union will not gain anything by calling for new sanctions against Russia — as it has been doing amid Trump's diplomatic outreach. Both European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen and EU foreign policy chief Kaja Kallas said earlier this week that the EU's 19th sanctions package against Russia should be ready by September.

\n

If the past 18 rounds of sanctions failed to achieve the desired outcome, will the 19th sanctions package make any difference?

\n

For anyone who's been following the more than three-year-long conflict, it is clear that the best time for mediating countries to broker a peace deal between Russia and Ukraine is now, and not after another three years.

\n

Indeed, many of the involved parties' demands are conflicting, from Trump's so-called "territorial swap" to Ukraine's NATO membership to "detailed security guarantee". And these are all tough issues, especially because they are politically sensitive nature. But that should not deter the genuine peace-seekers from mediating peace between Moscow and Kyiv.

\n

A peace deal between Russia and Ukraine will likely require many rounds of talks. But declaring a ceasefire and holding talks are always better than fighting. As Winston Churchill said in 1954, to jaw-jaw is always better than to war-war.

\n

China has been calling for an immediate ceasefire and dialogue for the past three years to end the Russia-Ukraine conflict. And now that another opportunity has arisen to end the conflict, the parties involved should not waste any more precious time to restore peace.

\n

chenweihua@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_009_68a793d5ed50ccabe1517f58.htm#009VIEWS", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "1fe7e6a99be152643077914719c4b173", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "010WORLD - Scholars laud China's human rights progress", - "description": "

China's progress in protecting human rights offers valuable insights for the Global South in developing governance models suited to their own national conditions, scholars from China and Africa say.

\n

They made the remark at a readers' forum on Xi Jinping: On Respecting and Protecting Human Rights — a collection of the Chinese president's statements on the subject — held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, on Thursday.

\n

Senior officials, diplomats, lawyers and scholars from China and African countries applauded the book and China's unique contributions to global human rights development. The forum was held on the eve of the first China-Africa Human Rights Seminar.

\n

Jiang Jianguo, executive vice-president of the China Society for Human Rights Studies, said China has achieved historic achievements in human rights since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China in 2012.

\n

Published in 2021, Xi Jinping: On Respecting and Protecting Human Rights represents a landmark in China's human rights development. The book has since been translated into 13 foreign languages, attracting readers from the global human rights community as well as political, academic, think tank and media circles, Jiang said.

\n

Quoting Xi, he said, "With different national conditions, countries should and can only explore suitable paths of human rights development in light of national realities and people's needs."

\n

China has advanced its human rights cause based on its national conditions and the people's needs, Jiang said.

\n

"It has eradicated absolute poverty; established the world's largest education, social security and healthcare systems; and continuously developed whole-process people's democracy. Through this book, we can understand why China's path of human rights development works and how this cause continues to progress."

\n

Remarkable journey

\n

Jeddi Mowbray Armah, deputy minister for legal affairs at Liberia's Foreign Ministry, said the book is a record of China's remarkable human rights journey and offers a window into a philosophy rooted in the country's national conditions and historic transformation.

\n

"Human rights are universal in value, yet diversity erupts. As President Xi makes it clear, there is no single template for the realization. Every country must check the path consistent with its history, culture and stage of development, while staying faithful to the aspiration for dignity, justice and equality for all," Armah said. Global South countries should avoid developing human rights models detached from their local realities, he added.

\n

China has taken a people-centered approach to human rights and whole-process democracy to ensure people get tangible benefits, he said, citing China's efforts to lift more than 700 million people out of poverty over recent decades.

\n

"These are human rights in action. They give practical meaning," he said. "This is a concept that integrates democratic participation at every stage in China. It shifts the focus from narrow electoral circles, from promises made to tangible results delivered."

\n

Democracy should be judged not by the form alone, but by whether it serves the people's interests, he added.

\n

Unique aspirations

\n

China's approach to human rights also offers unique aspirations for African countries to confront major challenges, such as poverty, education, health and employment, to make progress in human rights, he said.

\n

"The challenge before the world is not whether we agree with the human rights matter. It is whether we can create the conditions in which it can be realized for every person and every society."

\n

Fredrick Mutesa, secretary-general of the Zambia-China Friendship Association, said China has made important contributions to the global understanding of human rights through proposals such as the Belt and Road Initiative, the Global Development Initiative, the Global Civilization Initiative, and the Global Security Initiative.

\n

"China has become a trailblazer in fostering cooperation among countries of the Global South through these initiatives, (as well as through) China-Africa cooperation in economic development and modernization," he said.

\n

China is helping unlock Africa's development potential through infrastructure projects, green development, mining and other sectors, creating favorable conditions for the realization of the right to development, he added.

\n

Melha Rout Biel, founder and executive director of the Institute for Strategic and Policy Studies in South Sudan, said the Communist Party of China has been pursuing happiness for the Chinese people and progress for humanity since its founding.

\n

"China's commitment to global human rights extends beyond its borders," he said.

\n

"It advocates for a fair international human rights governance system, international cooperation, and respect for other countries and cultures."

\n

wangxiaodong@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "content": "

China's progress in protecting human rights offers valuable insights for the Global South in developing governance models suited to their own national conditions, scholars from China and Africa say.

\n

They made the remark at a readers' forum on Xi Jinping: On Respecting and Protecting Human Rights — a collection of the Chinese president's statements on the subject — held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, on Thursday.

\n

Senior officials, diplomats, lawyers and scholars from China and African countries applauded the book and China's unique contributions to global human rights development. The forum was held on the eve of the first China-Africa Human Rights Seminar.

\n

Jiang Jianguo, executive vice-president of the China Society for Human Rights Studies, said China has achieved historic achievements in human rights since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China in 2012.

\n

Published in 2021, Xi Jinping: On Respecting and Protecting Human Rights represents a landmark in China's human rights development. The book has since been translated into 13 foreign languages, attracting readers from the global human rights community as well as political, academic, think tank and media circles, Jiang said.

\n

Quoting Xi, he said, "With different national conditions, countries should and can only explore suitable paths of human rights development in light of national realities and people's needs."

\n

China has advanced its human rights cause based on its national conditions and the people's needs, Jiang said.

\n

"It has eradicated absolute poverty; established the world's largest education, social security and healthcare systems; and continuously developed whole-process people's democracy. Through this book, we can understand why China's path of human rights development works and how this cause continues to progress."

\n

Remarkable journey

\n

Jeddi Mowbray Armah, deputy minister for legal affairs at Liberia's Foreign Ministry, said the book is a record of China's remarkable human rights journey and offers a window into a philosophy rooted in the country's national conditions and historic transformation.

\n

"Human rights are universal in value, yet diversity erupts. As President Xi makes it clear, there is no single template for the realization. Every country must check the path consistent with its history, culture and stage of development, while staying faithful to the aspiration for dignity, justice and equality for all," Armah said. Global South countries should avoid developing human rights models detached from their local realities, he added.

\n

China has taken a people-centered approach to human rights and whole-process democracy to ensure people get tangible benefits, he said, citing China's efforts to lift more than 700 million people out of poverty over recent decades.

\n

"These are human rights in action. They give practical meaning," he said. "This is a concept that integrates democratic participation at every stage in China. It shifts the focus from narrow electoral circles, from promises made to tangible results delivered."

\n

Democracy should be judged not by the form alone, but by whether it serves the people's interests, he added.

\n

Unique aspirations

\n

China's approach to human rights also offers unique aspirations for African countries to confront major challenges, such as poverty, education, health and employment, to make progress in human rights, he said.

\n

"The challenge before the world is not whether we agree with the human rights matter. It is whether we can create the conditions in which it can be realized for every person and every society."

\n

Fredrick Mutesa, secretary-general of the Zambia-China Friendship Association, said China has made important contributions to the global understanding of human rights through proposals such as the Belt and Road Initiative, the Global Development Initiative, the Global Civilization Initiative, and the Global Security Initiative.

\n

"China has become a trailblazer in fostering cooperation among countries of the Global South through these initiatives, (as well as through) China-Africa cooperation in economic development and modernization," he said.

\n

China is helping unlock Africa's development potential through infrastructure projects, green development, mining and other sectors, creating favorable conditions for the realization of the right to development, he added.

\n

Melha Rout Biel, founder and executive director of the Institute for Strategic and Policy Studies in South Sudan, said the Communist Party of China has been pursuing happiness for the Chinese people and progress for humanity since its founding.

\n

"China's commitment to global human rights extends beyond its borders," he said.

\n

"It advocates for a fair international human rights governance system, international cooperation, and respect for other countries and cultures."

\n

wangxiaodong@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_010_68a793daed50ccabe1517f59.htm#010WORLD", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "7d13c20a41dacce7aeade4c3eee8b782", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "010WORLD - Day of joy", - "description": "

Children from across France and abroad cheer during a concert at the Champ-de-Mars in Paris on Wednesday, part of the 46th annual day of activities for youngsters who could not go on vacation. Some 40,000 children enjoyed a cruise on the Seine, a giant picnic at the foot of the Eiffel Tower, and an air display by Alpha Jets, with many discovering the French capital for the first time.

\n

", - "content": "

Children from across France and abroad cheer during a concert at the Champ-de-Mars in Paris on Wednesday, part of the 46th annual day of activities for youngsters who could not go on vacation. Some 40,000 children enjoyed a cruise on the Seine, a giant picnic at the foot of the Eiffel Tower, and an air display by Alpha Jets, with many discovering the French capital for the first time.

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_010_68a793deed50ccabe1517f5a.htm#010WORLD", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "2e4087e75469a93107482421e0ab75d1", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "010WORLD - Beijing, Kabul, Islamabad vow stronger cooperation", - "description": "

Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi (second from left) attends a meeting with Afghanistan's Interior Minister Sirajuddin Haqqani (third from right) in Kabul on Wednesday.

\n

China, Afghanistan and Pakistan have pledged to deepen cooperation in trade, connectivity and security to promote regional peace and prosperity, as their foreign ministers met in Kabul on Wednesday for the sixth China-Afghanistan-Pakistan Foreign Ministers' Dialogue.

\n

Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi, Afghan Foreign Minister Amir Khan Muttaqi and Pakistani Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Mohammad Ishaq Dar attended the talks. The trilateral mechanism, launched by China in 2017 and revived in 2022, serves as an important platform for the three neighbors to coordinate policies. An informal ministerial meeting held in Beijing in May helped maintain momentum for trilateral engagement.

\n

Wang said China stands ready to work with Afghanistan and Pakistan to "strengthen exchanges at all levels and consolidate strategic trust".He called for expanded trade and investment, enhanced connectivity, stronger people-to-people ties, and joint efforts against cross-border terrorism.

\n

He urged the three sides to "jointly oppose external interference in the region and reject the use of their territories by any force or individual to undermine each other's sovereignty, security and territorial integrity".

\n

Beijing will continue to speak up for Kabul at multilateral forums, encourage constructive international engagement, and support the normalization of Afghanistan's foreign relations, Wang added.

\n

Muttaqi praised China's role in advancing trilateral cooperation, saying Afghanistan hopes to deepen friendship and coordination for greater progress. Dar highlighted the vast potential of trilateral cooperation in trade, Belt and Road cooperation, connectivity and counterterrorism, urging the unfreezing of Afghanistan's overseas assets and calling for stronger collective action against terrorism in all forms.

\n

The meeting marked Wang's second visit to Afghanistan since the withdrawal of United States-led troops and the Taliban's return to power in 2021, following a trip in March 2022. Analysts said the visits highlight China's intention to carry forward traditional friendship with Afghanistan and strengthen ties with the neighboring country.

\n

Liu Zongyi, director of the Center for South Asian Studies at the Shanghai Institutes for International Studies, said that through platforms such as the trilateral dialogue, China and Pakistan have played a leading role among regional and international actors in promoting Afghanistan's stability, reconstruction and global engagement.

\n

"While some Western countries have imposed unilateral sanctions and frozen billions in Afghan assets, Beijing has maintained that Afghanistan should not be excluded from the international community and has encouraged greater dialogue with Kabul to support the country's reconstruction," Liu said.

\n

Earlier on Wednesday, Afghan Prime Minister Mullah Mohammad Hassan Akhund met with Wang. He described China as a "force for justice" in the world and commended its policy of noninterference. Akhund pledged that Afghanistan "will never allow its territory to be used to threaten China" and expressed readiness to advance "positive and sustainable "friendship with Beijing.

\n

Wang reaffirmed that, as Afghanistan's neighbor, China will continue to champion fairness, oppose unilateral bullying and promote practical cooperation across all fields. He reiterated China's concerns about the East Turkestan Islamic Movement, which is listed by the United Nations Security Council as a terrorist group, and urged Kabul to intensify its crackdown.

\n

Wang also held separate meetings with Afghan Foreign Minister Muttaqi and Interior Minister Sirajuddin Haqqani on Wednesday.

\n

Compared with some countries "obsessed with geopolitical competition", Liu said, China "pursues a friendly policy toward all Afghan people and is a partner that Afghanistan can trust in its postwar future".

\n

Despite shifting political circumstances, China-Afghanistan relations have remained stable, with diplomatic missions in both capitals operating normally and helping sustain bilateral relations, he added.

\n

zhaojia@chinadaily.com.cn

\n


获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", - "content": "

Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi (second from left) attends a meeting with Afghanistan's Interior Minister Sirajuddin Haqqani (third from right) in Kabul on Wednesday.

\n

China, Afghanistan and Pakistan have pledged to deepen cooperation in trade, connectivity and security to promote regional peace and prosperity, as their foreign ministers met in Kabul on Wednesday for the sixth China-Afghanistan-Pakistan Foreign Ministers' Dialogue.

\n

Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi, Afghan Foreign Minister Amir Khan Muttaqi and Pakistani Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Mohammad Ishaq Dar attended the talks. The trilateral mechanism, launched by China in 2017 and revived in 2022, serves as an important platform for the three neighbors to coordinate policies. An informal ministerial meeting held in Beijing in May helped maintain momentum for trilateral engagement.

\n

Wang said China stands ready to work with Afghanistan and Pakistan to "strengthen exchanges at all levels and consolidate strategic trust".He called for expanded trade and investment, enhanced connectivity, stronger people-to-people ties, and joint efforts against cross-border terrorism.

\n

He urged the three sides to "jointly oppose external interference in the region and reject the use of their territories by any force or individual to undermine each other's sovereignty, security and territorial integrity".

\n

Beijing will continue to speak up for Kabul at multilateral forums, encourage constructive international engagement, and support the normalization of Afghanistan's foreign relations, Wang added.

\n

Muttaqi praised China's role in advancing trilateral cooperation, saying Afghanistan hopes to deepen friendship and coordination for greater progress. Dar highlighted the vast potential of trilateral cooperation in trade, Belt and Road cooperation, connectivity and counterterrorism, urging the unfreezing of Afghanistan's overseas assets and calling for stronger collective action against terrorism in all forms.

\n

The meeting marked Wang's second visit to Afghanistan since the withdrawal of United States-led troops and the Taliban's return to power in 2021, following a trip in March 2022. Analysts said the visits highlight China's intention to carry forward traditional friendship with Afghanistan and strengthen ties with the neighboring country.

\n

Liu Zongyi, director of the Center for South Asian Studies at the Shanghai Institutes for International Studies, said that through platforms such as the trilateral dialogue, China and Pakistan have played a leading role among regional and international actors in promoting Afghanistan's stability, reconstruction and global engagement.

\n

"While some Western countries have imposed unilateral sanctions and frozen billions in Afghan assets, Beijing has maintained that Afghanistan should not be excluded from the international community and has encouraged greater dialogue with Kabul to support the country's reconstruction," Liu said.

\n

Earlier on Wednesday, Afghan Prime Minister Mullah Mohammad Hassan Akhund met with Wang. He described China as a "force for justice" in the world and commended its policy of noninterference. Akhund pledged that Afghanistan "will never allow its territory to be used to threaten China" and expressed readiness to advance "positive and sustainable "friendship with Beijing.

\n

Wang reaffirmed that, as Afghanistan's neighbor, China will continue to champion fairness, oppose unilateral bullying and promote practical cooperation across all fields. He reiterated China's concerns about the East Turkestan Islamic Movement, which is listed by the United Nations Security Council as a terrorist group, and urged Kabul to intensify its crackdown.

\n

Wang also held separate meetings with Afghan Foreign Minister Muttaqi and Interior Minister Sirajuddin Haqqani on Wednesday.

\n

Compared with some countries "obsessed with geopolitical competition", Liu said, China "pursues a friendly policy toward all Afghan people and is a partner that Afghanistan can trust in its postwar future".

\n

Despite shifting political circumstances, China-Afghanistan relations have remained stable, with diplomatic missions in both capitals operating normally and helping sustain bilateral relations, he added.

\n

zhaojia@chinadaily.com.cn

\n


获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_010_68a793e2ed50ccabe1517f5b.htm#010WORLD", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "065a2789d0f5d60013117c31b1f06389", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "010WORLD - Briefly", - "description": "

ITALY

\n

Ukrainian held over Nord Stream blasts

\n

A Ukrainian suspect has been arrested in Italy over the 2022 sabotage of the Nord Stream gas pipelines from Russia to Europe, German prosecutors said on Thursday. The suspect, partially named as Serhii K., is accused of being part of a group "who placed explosive devices on the Nord Stream 1 and Nord Stream 2 gas pipelines", the prosecutors said. He is "believed to have been one of the coordinators of the operation", they added. The Nord Stream pipelines connecting Russia and Germany via the Baltic Sea were damaged in September 2022 by huge underwater explosions, believed to be an act of sabotage. Serhii K. was arrested in the early hours of Thursday in the Italian province of Rimini, the German prosecutors said.

\n

UNITED STATES

\n

Texas OKs electoral map that aids GOP

\n

The Texas legislature's lower chamber passed a contentious new electoral map on Wednesday that aims to help President Donald Trump's Republican Party retain its razor-thin US House majority in the 2026 midterm elections. The vote had been delayed by two weeks after Democratic legislators fled the state to halt the redistricting drive, which carves out five new Republican-friendly districts. The Democrats returned this week, but not before their protest had set off a national map-drawing war, with Trump pressuring his party's state-level officials to do everything they can to protect the majority in the US House of Representatives.

\n

", - "content": "

ITALY

\n

Ukrainian held over Nord Stream blasts

\n

A Ukrainian suspect has been arrested in Italy over the 2022 sabotage of the Nord Stream gas pipelines from Russia to Europe, German prosecutors said on Thursday. The suspect, partially named as Serhii K., is accused of being part of a group "who placed explosive devices on the Nord Stream 1 and Nord Stream 2 gas pipelines", the prosecutors said. He is "believed to have been one of the coordinators of the operation", they added. The Nord Stream pipelines connecting Russia and Germany via the Baltic Sea were damaged in September 2022 by huge underwater explosions, believed to be an act of sabotage. Serhii K. was arrested in the early hours of Thursday in the Italian province of Rimini, the German prosecutors said.

\n

UNITED STATES

\n

Texas OKs electoral map that aids GOP

\n

The Texas legislature's lower chamber passed a contentious new electoral map on Wednesday that aims to help President Donald Trump's Republican Party retain its razor-thin US House majority in the 2026 midterm elections. The vote had been delayed by two weeks after Democratic legislators fled the state to halt the redistricting drive, which carves out five new Republican-friendly districts. The Democrats returned this week, but not before their protest had set off a national map-drawing war, with Trump pressuring his party's state-level officials to do everything they can to protect the majority in the US House of Representatives.

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_010_68a793e6ed50ccabe1517f5c.htm#010WORLD", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "e5a7920a11ee37f3b865d7e3b2b6c50f", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "010WORLD - Courtroom test", - "description": "

Suspended Thai Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra arrives at the Constitutional Court in Bangkok on Thursday to attend a hearing over a case seeking her dismissal over alleged ethics violations.

\n


获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", - "content": "

Suspended Thai Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra arrives at the Constitutional Court in Bangkok on Thursday to attend a hearing over a case seeking her dismissal over alleged ethics violations.

\n


获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_010_68a793ebed50ccabe1517f5d.htm#010WORLD", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "ae87bd00382493fd99514644de0f7aea", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "010WORLD - Book hailed for fostering understanding", - "description": "

Experts, scholars and diplomats have stressed the importance of gaining a better understanding of China, highlighting the country's well-recognized role as a key stabilizing force and an anchor of certainty amid shifting global dynamics.

\n

They weighed in on the international situation and China's diplomacy at an event in Beijing on Thursday, marking the release of International Situation and China's Foreign Affairs (2024-25), a blue book authored by the China Institute of International Studies.

\n

The annual publication is divided into two sections: one analyzing new trends in international dynamics, regional and country-specific situations, and China's relations with the world, and the other presenting new achievements and initiatives of China's diplomacy.

\n

Chen Bo, president of the institute, said the blue book series "aims to analyze the international situation from China's perspective, help Chinese readers understand the world, and assist the international community in understanding China's diplomacy".

\n

In a turbulent world, certainty is an invaluable resource, and China serves as a major source of stability and certainty, Chen said.

\n

Looking back at 2024, she said China made valuable contributions by upholding diplomatic principles of openness and inclusiveness, fairness and justice, and win-win cooperation; advancing major initiatives it had proposed; advocating an equitable and orderly multipolar world; and promoting inclusive economic globalization.

\n

Martin Mpana, Cameroon's ambassador to China, said the book "has become a window for the world to understand China".

\n

He said he believes its spillover effect will enhance positive interactions, deepen understanding between China and the rest of the world — particularly Africa — and foster stronger momentum for China's story to be told and understood across the world. It will also accelerate the creation of a multidimensional framework for global peace, he added.

\n

Mpana said he was not surprised the book includes a dedicated chapter on China-Africa relations, given the "long-standing and fruitful relationship built on mutual respect, cooperation and economic ties "between the two sides, which continues to deepen.

\n

Levente Horvath, director of the Eurasia Center at John von Neumann University in Hungary, said the blue book series "not only presents Chinese best practice on global efforts, but also opens a space for dialogues".

\n

Horvath, who first came to China in 2005 for his studies and has been engaged with the country ever since, said "the China in the Western media is very different from the China I have experienced during the last two decades". That is why he is committed to sharing reliable insights into China's economic, technological and cultural development, he added.

\n

The blue book, first released by the China Institute of International Studies in Chinese in 2006, has been available in both Chinese and English since 2009. About 100 participants attended Thursday's event.

\n

jihaisheng@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "content": "

Experts, scholars and diplomats have stressed the importance of gaining a better understanding of China, highlighting the country's well-recognized role as a key stabilizing force and an anchor of certainty amid shifting global dynamics.

\n

They weighed in on the international situation and China's diplomacy at an event in Beijing on Thursday, marking the release of International Situation and China's Foreign Affairs (2024-25), a blue book authored by the China Institute of International Studies.

\n

The annual publication is divided into two sections: one analyzing new trends in international dynamics, regional and country-specific situations, and China's relations with the world, and the other presenting new achievements and initiatives of China's diplomacy.

\n

Chen Bo, president of the institute, said the blue book series "aims to analyze the international situation from China's perspective, help Chinese readers understand the world, and assist the international community in understanding China's diplomacy".

\n

In a turbulent world, certainty is an invaluable resource, and China serves as a major source of stability and certainty, Chen said.

\n

Looking back at 2024, she said China made valuable contributions by upholding diplomatic principles of openness and inclusiveness, fairness and justice, and win-win cooperation; advancing major initiatives it had proposed; advocating an equitable and orderly multipolar world; and promoting inclusive economic globalization.

\n

Martin Mpana, Cameroon's ambassador to China, said the book "has become a window for the world to understand China".

\n

He said he believes its spillover effect will enhance positive interactions, deepen understanding between China and the rest of the world — particularly Africa — and foster stronger momentum for China's story to be told and understood across the world. It will also accelerate the creation of a multidimensional framework for global peace, he added.

\n

Mpana said he was not surprised the book includes a dedicated chapter on China-Africa relations, given the "long-standing and fruitful relationship built on mutual respect, cooperation and economic ties "between the two sides, which continues to deepen.

\n

Levente Horvath, director of the Eurasia Center at John von Neumann University in Hungary, said the blue book series "not only presents Chinese best practice on global efforts, but also opens a space for dialogues".

\n

Horvath, who first came to China in 2005 for his studies and has been engaged with the country ever since, said "the China in the Western media is very different from the China I have experienced during the last two decades". That is why he is committed to sharing reliable insights into China's economic, technological and cultural development, he added.

\n

The blue book, first released by the China Institute of International Studies in Chinese in 2006, has been available in both Chinese and English since 2009. About 100 participants attended Thursday's event.

\n

jihaisheng@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_010_68a793efed50ccabe1517f5e.htm#010WORLD", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "3432372799696f9428eeea1d2b4269ef", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "011WORLD - Israel urged to drop Gaza plan", - "description": "

Palestinians rush for cover as smoke billows after an Israeli strike on a building in Jabalia in the northern Gaza Strip on Wednesday.

\n

United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres called on Israel to reverse its planned division of the West Bank and expansion of the military operation in Gaza, while reiterating the need for an immediate ceasefire to prevent further destruction in the region.

\n

The UN chief's demands come as Egypt, other mediators, former hostages held by Hamas, the remaining hostages' families and the international community ramp up pressure on Israel to agree to a ceasefire, which involves a 60-day truce that Hamas had already accepted earlier this week.

\n

In a post on the social media platform X on Thursday, Guterres said it is "vital to reach immediately a ceasefire in Gaza", and called for the unconditional release of all hostages held by the Palestinian group Hamas "to avoid the massive death and destruction that (an expanded) military operation against Gaza would inevitably cause".

\n

"Simultaneously, the decision by the Israeli authorities to expand illegal settlement construction, which would divide the West Bank, must be reversed. All settlement construction is a violation of international law," Guterres said.

\n

It also came as Israel on Wednesday gave final approval to a highly controversial settlement project that would bisect the occupied West Bank and cut it off from East Jerusalem.

\n

The Palestinian Authority condemned the settlement plan, saying it was illegal and would "destroy "the prospects for a two-state solution, BBC reported.

\n

Israel has yet to issue a formal response to Hamas over the ceasefire proposal while White House press secretary Karoline Leavitt has said the United States continues to discuss a 60-day Gaza truce.

\n

While Egypt and Qatar have invested political capital in brokering the proposed truce, Arhama Siddiqa, a research fellow at the Institute of Strategic Studies Islamabad in Pakistan, told China Daily that Tel Aviv's move to press ahead with the mobilization of 60,000 reservists for an expanded Gaza operation "is an unmistakable signal that military conquest, not diplomacy, remains the priority".

\n

Catastrophic casualties

\n

"This stance runs directly counter to the urgent calls of the UN secretary-general, who has warned of catastrophic civilian casualties and condemned Israel's parallel decision to expand illegal settlements in the West Bank," said Siddiqa.

\n

"By delaying a response, Israel appears intent on dictating terms through force rather than compromise, reinforcing the perception that it views ceasefires as tactical pauses rather than steps toward peace," she said, adding: "Basically, Tel Aviv bears direct responsibility for prolonging a cycle of deliberate deprivation and devastation in Gaza."

\n

Egyptian Foreign Minister Badr Abdelatty on Tuesday urged the international community to pressure Israel into accepting the latest Gaza ceasefire proposal, affirming that it would help alleviate the humanitarian crisis in the besieged enclave.

\n

He made the remarks during separate phone talks with British Foreign Secretary David Lammy, Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan, European Union foreign policy chief Kaja Kallas, and Palestinian Vice-President Hussein al-Sheikh, on the Palestinian issue, according to a statement by the Egyptian Foreign Ministry, Xinhua News Agency reported.

\n

He also addressed the ongoing preparations for an international conference on Gaza's early recovery and reconstruction, which will be hosted as soon as a ceasefire agreement is reached.

\n

At a joint news conference in Moscow on Wednesday, visiting Jordanian Minister of Foreign and Expatriates Affairs Ayman Safadi criticized Israel's "expansionist and extremist" policies.

\n

He said Israel's assault on Gaza had caused "massacres and starvation" and that its wider actions were "killing all prospects" for peace in the Middle East, Arab News reported.

\n

Gokhan Batu, an analyst on Israel studies at the Center for Middle Eastern Studies in Turkiye, told China Daily that recent developments have demonstrated that Israel's discourse, and the narratives promoted through it, "have lost much of their global traction".

\n

"The primary factor behind this shift has been the severity of the humanitarian crisis in Gaza. Israel continues to lose the support it once commanded on issues related to Hezbollah, the Houthis, and Iran, precisely because of the ongoing devastation in Gaza. At the same time, the growing trend of recognizing Palestine has emerged as Israel's most serious challenge, and developments have now reached an uncontrollable stage," said Batu.

\n

He said the latest developments were "nothing more than a hasty attempt to bring the Gaza conflict — long marked by the absence of a coherent strategy — to an abrupt conclusion". Yet, as long as the fighting continues, Israel is fully aware that it will face mounting difficulties on the international stage, he added.

\n

jan@chinadailyapac.com

\n

", - "content": "

Palestinians rush for cover as smoke billows after an Israeli strike on a building in Jabalia in the northern Gaza Strip on Wednesday.

\n

United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres called on Israel to reverse its planned division of the West Bank and expansion of the military operation in Gaza, while reiterating the need for an immediate ceasefire to prevent further destruction in the region.

\n

The UN chief's demands come as Egypt, other mediators, former hostages held by Hamas, the remaining hostages' families and the international community ramp up pressure on Israel to agree to a ceasefire, which involves a 60-day truce that Hamas had already accepted earlier this week.

\n

In a post on the social media platform X on Thursday, Guterres said it is "vital to reach immediately a ceasefire in Gaza", and called for the unconditional release of all hostages held by the Palestinian group Hamas "to avoid the massive death and destruction that (an expanded) military operation against Gaza would inevitably cause".

\n

"Simultaneously, the decision by the Israeli authorities to expand illegal settlement construction, which would divide the West Bank, must be reversed. All settlement construction is a violation of international law," Guterres said.

\n

It also came as Israel on Wednesday gave final approval to a highly controversial settlement project that would bisect the occupied West Bank and cut it off from East Jerusalem.

\n

The Palestinian Authority condemned the settlement plan, saying it was illegal and would "destroy "the prospects for a two-state solution, BBC reported.

\n

Israel has yet to issue a formal response to Hamas over the ceasefire proposal while White House press secretary Karoline Leavitt has said the United States continues to discuss a 60-day Gaza truce.

\n

While Egypt and Qatar have invested political capital in brokering the proposed truce, Arhama Siddiqa, a research fellow at the Institute of Strategic Studies Islamabad in Pakistan, told China Daily that Tel Aviv's move to press ahead with the mobilization of 60,000 reservists for an expanded Gaza operation "is an unmistakable signal that military conquest, not diplomacy, remains the priority".

\n

Catastrophic casualties

\n

"This stance runs directly counter to the urgent calls of the UN secretary-general, who has warned of catastrophic civilian casualties and condemned Israel's parallel decision to expand illegal settlements in the West Bank," said Siddiqa.

\n

"By delaying a response, Israel appears intent on dictating terms through force rather than compromise, reinforcing the perception that it views ceasefires as tactical pauses rather than steps toward peace," she said, adding: "Basically, Tel Aviv bears direct responsibility for prolonging a cycle of deliberate deprivation and devastation in Gaza."

\n

Egyptian Foreign Minister Badr Abdelatty on Tuesday urged the international community to pressure Israel into accepting the latest Gaza ceasefire proposal, affirming that it would help alleviate the humanitarian crisis in the besieged enclave.

\n

He made the remarks during separate phone talks with British Foreign Secretary David Lammy, Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan, European Union foreign policy chief Kaja Kallas, and Palestinian Vice-President Hussein al-Sheikh, on the Palestinian issue, according to a statement by the Egyptian Foreign Ministry, Xinhua News Agency reported.

\n

He also addressed the ongoing preparations for an international conference on Gaza's early recovery and reconstruction, which will be hosted as soon as a ceasefire agreement is reached.

\n

At a joint news conference in Moscow on Wednesday, visiting Jordanian Minister of Foreign and Expatriates Affairs Ayman Safadi criticized Israel's "expansionist and extremist" policies.

\n

He said Israel's assault on Gaza had caused "massacres and starvation" and that its wider actions were "killing all prospects" for peace in the Middle East, Arab News reported.

\n

Gokhan Batu, an analyst on Israel studies at the Center for Middle Eastern Studies in Turkiye, told China Daily that recent developments have demonstrated that Israel's discourse, and the narratives promoted through it, "have lost much of their global traction".

\n

"The primary factor behind this shift has been the severity of the humanitarian crisis in Gaza. Israel continues to lose the support it once commanded on issues related to Hezbollah, the Houthis, and Iran, precisely because of the ongoing devastation in Gaza. At the same time, the growing trend of recognizing Palestine has emerged as Israel's most serious challenge, and developments have now reached an uncontrollable stage," said Batu.

\n

He said the latest developments were "nothing more than a hasty attempt to bring the Gaza conflict — long marked by the absence of a coherent strategy — to an abrupt conclusion". Yet, as long as the fighting continues, Israel is fully aware that it will face mounting difficulties on the international stage, he added.

\n

jan@chinadailyapac.com

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_011_68a793f3ed50ccabe1517f5f.htm#011WORLD", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "a46610c2206edee34522a4399a4886a7", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "011WORLD - Kyiv expects 'strong' US reply over fate of summit", - "description": "

KYIV/MOSCOW — Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky said Kyiv would like a "strong reaction" from Washington if Russian President Vladimir Putin was not willing to sit down for a bilateral meeting with him.

\n

US President Donald Trump is seeking to broker peace between the two countries in conflict, but has conceded that Putin, with whom Zelensky has sought a one-on-one sit-down, may not be willing to make a deal.

\n

"I responded immediately to the proposal for a bilateral meeting: we are ready. But what if the Russians are not ready?" Zelensky said in comments released on Thursday from a briefing with reporters in Kyiv a day earlier.

\n

"If the Russians are not ready, we would like to see a strong reaction from the United States."

\n

Asked by reporters if Putin was willing to meet Zelensky, Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov told reporters: "Our president has repeatedly said that he is ready to meet, including with Zelensky."

\n

Lavrov, though, added a caveat: "With the understanding that all issues that require consideration at the highest level will be well worked out, and experts and ministers will prepare appropriate recommendations."

\n

Despite a flurry of diplomacy in recent days between Trump and his Russian and Ukrainian counterparts, the path to peace remained uncertain as Washington and allies worked out what security guarantees for Kyiv might look like.

\n

Responding to a question about the Hungarian capital, Budapest, serving as a potential location for future Ukrainian-Russian talks, Zelensky said it would be "challenging".

\n

Hungary has twice offered to host peace talks between Russia and Ukraine, Foreign Minister Peter Szijjarto said on Thursday.

\n

"We will provide proper, fair and safe conditions for such peace talks," he told a pro-government show streamed on social media.

\n

"I don't know of any European politician today, apart from Viktor Orban, who can speak equally with Donald Trump and Vladimir Putin," he added.

\n

NATO military chiefs, meanwhile, held a virtual summit on security guarantees for Ukraine, the latest in a flurry of global diplomacy aimed at brokering an end to the nearly three-and-a-half-year conflict.

\n

Credible, durable peace

\n

"On #Ukraine, we confirmed our support. Priority continues to be a just, credible and durable peace," the chair of the alliance's military committee, Giuseppe Cavo Dragone, wrote on X after the meeting.

\n

Lavrov earlier warned that "seriously discussing security guarantees without the Russian Federation is a utopia, a road to nowhere".

\n

On the battlefield, Russia launched hundreds of drones and missiles against Ukraine overnight in the biggest barrage since mid-July, killing one person and wounding many others.

\n

Ukraine's air force said Russia launched 574 drones and 40 missiles. Air defense units downed 546 drones and 31 missiles.

\n

Meanwhile, Russia's defense ministry said it destroyed "49 Ukrainian aircraft-type unmanned aerial vehicles" across multiple regions. The ministry did not detail any casualties or damage.

\n

", - "content": "

KYIV/MOSCOW — Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky said Kyiv would like a "strong reaction" from Washington if Russian President Vladimir Putin was not willing to sit down for a bilateral meeting with him.

\n

US President Donald Trump is seeking to broker peace between the two countries in conflict, but has conceded that Putin, with whom Zelensky has sought a one-on-one sit-down, may not be willing to make a deal.

\n

"I responded immediately to the proposal for a bilateral meeting: we are ready. But what if the Russians are not ready?" Zelensky said in comments released on Thursday from a briefing with reporters in Kyiv a day earlier.

\n

"If the Russians are not ready, we would like to see a strong reaction from the United States."

\n

Asked by reporters if Putin was willing to meet Zelensky, Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov told reporters: "Our president has repeatedly said that he is ready to meet, including with Zelensky."

\n

Lavrov, though, added a caveat: "With the understanding that all issues that require consideration at the highest level will be well worked out, and experts and ministers will prepare appropriate recommendations."

\n

Despite a flurry of diplomacy in recent days between Trump and his Russian and Ukrainian counterparts, the path to peace remained uncertain as Washington and allies worked out what security guarantees for Kyiv might look like.

\n

Responding to a question about the Hungarian capital, Budapest, serving as a potential location for future Ukrainian-Russian talks, Zelensky said it would be "challenging".

\n

Hungary has twice offered to host peace talks between Russia and Ukraine, Foreign Minister Peter Szijjarto said on Thursday.

\n

"We will provide proper, fair and safe conditions for such peace talks," he told a pro-government show streamed on social media.

\n

"I don't know of any European politician today, apart from Viktor Orban, who can speak equally with Donald Trump and Vladimir Putin," he added.

\n

NATO military chiefs, meanwhile, held a virtual summit on security guarantees for Ukraine, the latest in a flurry of global diplomacy aimed at brokering an end to the nearly three-and-a-half-year conflict.

\n

Credible, durable peace

\n

"On #Ukraine, we confirmed our support. Priority continues to be a just, credible and durable peace," the chair of the alliance's military committee, Giuseppe Cavo Dragone, wrote on X after the meeting.

\n

Lavrov earlier warned that "seriously discussing security guarantees without the Russian Federation is a utopia, a road to nowhere".

\n

On the battlefield, Russia launched hundreds of drones and missiles against Ukraine overnight in the biggest barrage since mid-July, killing one person and wounding many others.

\n

Ukraine's air force said Russia launched 574 drones and 40 missiles. Air defense units downed 546 drones and 31 missiles.

\n

Meanwhile, Russia's defense ministry said it destroyed "49 Ukrainian aircraft-type unmanned aerial vehicles" across multiple regions. The ministry did not detail any casualties or damage.

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_011_68a793f8ed50ccabe1517f60.htm#011WORLD", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "1cb55ec3b1ab608d92f3228278237a55", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "011WORLD - Safety net", - "description": "

A teacher explains to students about the dengue disease and other diseases caused by mosquito bites, as they sit under a mosquito net as part of an awareness campaign against the diseases on World Mosquito Day on Wednesday in Agartala, India.

\n


获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", - "content": "

A teacher explains to students about the dengue disease and other diseases caused by mosquito bites, as they sit under a mosquito net as part of an awareness campaign against the diseases on World Mosquito Day on Wednesday in Agartala, India.

\n


获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_011_68a793fced50ccabe1517f61.htm#011WORLD", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "60e72e229d98d400c0e412c374a3f69d", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "011WORLD - Kuwait ties up with China for oil lake cleanup effort", - "description": "

KUWAIT CITY — Kuwait has kicked off a major environmental cleanup effort as the first unit of an oil lake crude recovery project, led by China's Jereh Group, completed its trial run on Wednesday.

\n

The project falls under the Kuwait Environmental Remediation Program, which aims to tackle oil pollution and environmental damage left by the 1990-1991 Gulf War, when around 700 oil wells were set ablaze, creating vast oil lakes and contaminating large swathes of soil.

\n

Valued at about 100 million yuan ($14 million), the contract tasks Jereh with delivering an integrated solution and supplying core equipment for the cleanup effort.

\n

"Representing Chinese energy enterprises, Jereh is actively participating in the development of Kuwait's oil and gas industry and environmental protection, demonstrating the combined strength of Chinese manufacturing and services," said Zhuang Guanghua, president of Jereh Group's Middle East Region. "We will continue to support Kuwait's energy transition and sustainable development with advanced technologies and high-quality solutions."

\n

Zhang Hongwei, director of Jereh Group's Middle East Region, noted that advanced technologies from Chinese companies have significantly improved the efficiency of oil lake crude recovery, pushing the project toward ecological restoration and vegetation rehabilitation. "This marks an important step for Kuwait in environmental management and sustainable development," he said.

\n

Liu Xiang, charge d'affaires of the Chinese embassy in Kuwait, said Jereh's successful practice not only contributed Chinese expertise to Kuwait's environmental remediation efforts but also showcased the international competitiveness of Chinese environmental equipment and engineering technology.

\n


获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", - "content": "

KUWAIT CITY — Kuwait has kicked off a major environmental cleanup effort as the first unit of an oil lake crude recovery project, led by China's Jereh Group, completed its trial run on Wednesday.

\n

The project falls under the Kuwait Environmental Remediation Program, which aims to tackle oil pollution and environmental damage left by the 1990-1991 Gulf War, when around 700 oil wells were set ablaze, creating vast oil lakes and contaminating large swathes of soil.

\n

Valued at about 100 million yuan ($14 million), the contract tasks Jereh with delivering an integrated solution and supplying core equipment for the cleanup effort.

\n

"Representing Chinese energy enterprises, Jereh is actively participating in the development of Kuwait's oil and gas industry and environmental protection, demonstrating the combined strength of Chinese manufacturing and services," said Zhuang Guanghua, president of Jereh Group's Middle East Region. "We will continue to support Kuwait's energy transition and sustainable development with advanced technologies and high-quality solutions."

\n

Zhang Hongwei, director of Jereh Group's Middle East Region, noted that advanced technologies from Chinese companies have significantly improved the efficiency of oil lake crude recovery, pushing the project toward ecological restoration and vegetation rehabilitation. "This marks an important step for Kuwait in environmental management and sustainable development," he said.

\n

Liu Xiang, charge d'affaires of the Chinese embassy in Kuwait, said Jereh's successful practice not only contributed Chinese expertise to Kuwait's environmental remediation efforts but also showcased the international competitiveness of Chinese environmental equipment and engineering technology.

\n


获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_011_68a79400ed50ccabe1517f62.htm#011WORLD", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "790ce4c220d79091cf0cefe1fd42dfee", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "011WORLD - Family pictures shed light on Japan's WWII atrocities", - "description": "

When Marcus Detrez first opened a worn leather box in 2021, he was confronted with the black-and-white images that would change the course of his life.

\n

"The images were raw and haunting — civilians being executed, streets filled with fear," he told China Daily, "But one photo marked me forever: a body floating in the Huangpu River. On the back, my grandfather had written the word 'swimmer'."

\n

Printed between the 1930s and 1950s on gelatin silver paper, the photographs captured the daily life of a French family in prosperous Shanghai before the Japanese invaded the city, the chaos and destruction brought about by the Battle of Shanghai, and, most harrowingly, the atrocities committed by the Japanese army against Chinese civilians during World War II.

\n

"I felt a weight in my chest," Detrez recalled in an exclusive interview with China Daily, "I later realized it was a protective lie — his way of shielding children from the truth. That small word carries the full weight of what war does to human hearts."

\n

The photographer was his maternal grandfather, Roger-Pierre Laurens, a Frenchman born in Toulouse in 1914 who moved to Shanghai in the 1930s to work in the French Concession. Laurens, Detrez said, believed truth was worth any risk. "As a witness to the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931-45), he knew these moments had to be recorded — not for his own glory, but for history and for justice," he explained.

\n

For decades, the collection remained within the family, guarded as both a treasure and a burden. Detrez admitted he felt conflicted when friends first suggested donating the images to China.

\n

"These were my grandfather's possessions, part of my family's memory," he said. "But they also documented a cruel chapter that my grandfather worked hard to preserve. He would not have wanted it to remain hidden."

\n

Eventually, supported by his mother, Sylvie Laurens, Detrez decided the photographs should return to China — "to let more people see the truth", as she put it.

\n

Together with his French friend Bastien Ratat and Chinese friend Zhong Haosong, he began posting historical materials on multiple social media platforms, sparking both intense interest and controversy online. While the trio faced questions about the pictures' authenticity and endured personal attacks, Detrez said the most meaningful moments came from ordinary Chinese netizens who wrote to thank them.

\n

"Some said they cried while looking at the photos," he explained. "That's when I knew our work had meaning — these images are no longer just my family's story. They belong to the world."

\n

In February, Detrez, Zhong and Ratat traveled to China at the invitation of the Memorial Hall for Shanghai Songhu War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Shanghai. They first went to Beijing at the start of a journey to donate the collection and to visit historic sites linked to Laurens' time in Shanghai. Their itinerary included memorial halls in Beijing, Shanghai and Shandong, where Detrez deepened his understanding of China's wartime history. "Telling this history is about remembering better," he said.

\n

The images, now permanently housed in the Memorial Hall for Shanghai Songhu War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, offer an extensive and multi-angled record of the 1937 Battle of Shanghai. They document Japanese war crimes, including massacres of Chinese civilians, and are recognized by the museum as significant historical evidence for research into both China's resistance war and the broader global fight against fascism.

\n

Truth with accuracy

\n

"We have donated (the photos) to the Chinese Embassy in France that let this museum display them because it stands at the heart of one of the most important battles of the war in China," Detrez said. "It tells the truth with accuracy, dignity, and respect for the victims. In Shanghai, the photos are not just stored — they become part of the living memory of the Chinese people and a bridge between China and the rest of the world."

\n

His friend Ratat said the group has begun discussions with the People's Publishing House on producing a book about Laurens' pictures. They are also working on their multilingual website "Echoes of China", available in English, French, Chinese and Japanese, to tell more stories about the War of Resistance. Plans include a world tour starting in Japan and the United States to raise awareness of the atrocities committed by the Japanese army against Chinese civilians, such as those of Unit 731 and the Nanjing Massacre, as well as a possible virtual reality recreation of the Shanghai battlefield. "We'd like to use modern technology to teach history and even make a film or documentary on Laurens' experience in Shanghai," Rata said.

\n

Zhong Haosong, Detrez's Chinese friend, said the donation process was deliberately made public. "We believe more 'Detrezes' should stand up, knowing that in the East there are 1.4 billion people ready to welcome them. Peace and justice are what we want to share."

\n

He added that while they faced smear campaigns, the most moving message they received after the donation was from a netizen who wrote, "You have borne burdens you shouldn't have had to, but your future will be bright because you stand for peace and justice. You will always have China as your home."

\n

Earlier this month, the Chinese Embassy in France hosted a handover ceremony for the donation, in which Minister Chen Dong met Detrez and his friends, presenting them with a donation certificate and a letter of appreciation from the Memorial Hall for Shanghai Songhu War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.

\n

The ceremony marked not just the transfer of physical photographs, but the continuation of Laurens' mission — to bear witness, and to ensure the suffering of the Chinese people and other victims of Japanese aggression is neither denied nor forgotten.

\n

zhangzhouxiang@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "content": "

When Marcus Detrez first opened a worn leather box in 2021, he was confronted with the black-and-white images that would change the course of his life.

\n

"The images were raw and haunting — civilians being executed, streets filled with fear," he told China Daily, "But one photo marked me forever: a body floating in the Huangpu River. On the back, my grandfather had written the word 'swimmer'."

\n

Printed between the 1930s and 1950s on gelatin silver paper, the photographs captured the daily life of a French family in prosperous Shanghai before the Japanese invaded the city, the chaos and destruction brought about by the Battle of Shanghai, and, most harrowingly, the atrocities committed by the Japanese army against Chinese civilians during World War II.

\n

"I felt a weight in my chest," Detrez recalled in an exclusive interview with China Daily, "I later realized it was a protective lie — his way of shielding children from the truth. That small word carries the full weight of what war does to human hearts."

\n

The photographer was his maternal grandfather, Roger-Pierre Laurens, a Frenchman born in Toulouse in 1914 who moved to Shanghai in the 1930s to work in the French Concession. Laurens, Detrez said, believed truth was worth any risk. "As a witness to the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931-45), he knew these moments had to be recorded — not for his own glory, but for history and for justice," he explained.

\n

For decades, the collection remained within the family, guarded as both a treasure and a burden. Detrez admitted he felt conflicted when friends first suggested donating the images to China.

\n

"These were my grandfather's possessions, part of my family's memory," he said. "But they also documented a cruel chapter that my grandfather worked hard to preserve. He would not have wanted it to remain hidden."

\n

Eventually, supported by his mother, Sylvie Laurens, Detrez decided the photographs should return to China — "to let more people see the truth", as she put it.

\n

Together with his French friend Bastien Ratat and Chinese friend Zhong Haosong, he began posting historical materials on multiple social media platforms, sparking both intense interest and controversy online. While the trio faced questions about the pictures' authenticity and endured personal attacks, Detrez said the most meaningful moments came from ordinary Chinese netizens who wrote to thank them.

\n

"Some said they cried while looking at the photos," he explained. "That's when I knew our work had meaning — these images are no longer just my family's story. They belong to the world."

\n

In February, Detrez, Zhong and Ratat traveled to China at the invitation of the Memorial Hall for Shanghai Songhu War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Shanghai. They first went to Beijing at the start of a journey to donate the collection and to visit historic sites linked to Laurens' time in Shanghai. Their itinerary included memorial halls in Beijing, Shanghai and Shandong, where Detrez deepened his understanding of China's wartime history. "Telling this history is about remembering better," he said.

\n

The images, now permanently housed in the Memorial Hall for Shanghai Songhu War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, offer an extensive and multi-angled record of the 1937 Battle of Shanghai. They document Japanese war crimes, including massacres of Chinese civilians, and are recognized by the museum as significant historical evidence for research into both China's resistance war and the broader global fight against fascism.

\n

Truth with accuracy

\n

"We have donated (the photos) to the Chinese Embassy in France that let this museum display them because it stands at the heart of one of the most important battles of the war in China," Detrez said. "It tells the truth with accuracy, dignity, and respect for the victims. In Shanghai, the photos are not just stored — they become part of the living memory of the Chinese people and a bridge between China and the rest of the world."

\n

His friend Ratat said the group has begun discussions with the People's Publishing House on producing a book about Laurens' pictures. They are also working on their multilingual website "Echoes of China", available in English, French, Chinese and Japanese, to tell more stories about the War of Resistance. Plans include a world tour starting in Japan and the United States to raise awareness of the atrocities committed by the Japanese army against Chinese civilians, such as those of Unit 731 and the Nanjing Massacre, as well as a possible virtual reality recreation of the Shanghai battlefield. "We'd like to use modern technology to teach history and even make a film or documentary on Laurens' experience in Shanghai," Rata said.

\n

Zhong Haosong, Detrez's Chinese friend, said the donation process was deliberately made public. "We believe more 'Detrezes' should stand up, knowing that in the East there are 1.4 billion people ready to welcome them. Peace and justice are what we want to share."

\n

He added that while they faced smear campaigns, the most moving message they received after the donation was from a netizen who wrote, "You have borne burdens you shouldn't have had to, but your future will be bright because you stand for peace and justice. You will always have China as your home."

\n

Earlier this month, the Chinese Embassy in France hosted a handover ceremony for the donation, in which Minister Chen Dong met Detrez and his friends, presenting them with a donation certificate and a letter of appreciation from the Memorial Hall for Shanghai Songhu War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.

\n

The ceremony marked not just the transfer of physical photographs, but the continuation of Laurens' mission — to bear witness, and to ensure the suffering of the Chinese people and other victims of Japanese aggression is neither denied nor forgotten.

\n

zhangzhouxiang@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_011_68a79404ed50ccabe1517f63.htm#011WORLD", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "61c0f9c4d6870b29ac21180ba0313431", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "011WORLD - Rescue operation", - "description": "

The Marine Mammal Care Center volunteers attempt to corral a stranded California sea lion at New Brighton State Beach on Wednesday in Capitola, California. The center is seeing an unprecedented surge in sick California sea lions, a vast majority infected with leptospirosis, a disease that can cause irreversible kidney damage.

\n

", - "content": "

The Marine Mammal Care Center volunteers attempt to corral a stranded California sea lion at New Brighton State Beach on Wednesday in Capitola, California. The center is seeing an unprecedented surge in sick California sea lions, a vast majority infected with leptospirosis, a disease that can cause irreversible kidney damage.

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_011_68a79409ed50ccabe1517f64.htm#011WORLD", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "cc9cbc5712e4cf70f52eb01db050550c", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "012WORLD - US doubles duties on Canadian lumber", - "description": "

Lumber is cut at a saw mill near Sooke, British Columbia, Canada, on April 11. The US is poised to more than double duties on Canadian softwood lumber, putting more pressure on US' material costs.

\n\n

The United States has more than doubled the countervailing duties on Canadian softwood lumber to over 35 percent, a move economists say will raise construction costs and further strain housing affordability.

\n

The US Department of Commerce said earlier this month that it will more than double the countervailing duties on Canadian softwood lumber imports, raising them to 14.6 percent from 6.7 percent, after determining Canadian producers receive unfair subsidies.

\n

The increase comes on top of a recent rise in antidumping duties to 20.5 percent, bringing the total duty on Canadian softwood to nearly 35.2 percent.

\n

The US move will raise construction costs and add to inflationary pressures, according to Brian Bethune, a professor of economics at Boston College.

\n

He said the higher costs will be "extremely difficult to offset", especially as they come alongside higher prices for steel and aluminum.

\n

"All of these factors will negatively impact affordability," he told China Daily.

\n

Bethune noted that the duties will take time to appear in official inflation data. "The tariffs first have to feed through into housing construction costs, and then into rents and owners' equivalent rent, which drive shelter costs."

\n

"The lag, however, could be up to a year, so we won't see much of an impact until mid-2026," he said.

\n

The National Association of Home Builders, in an Aug 8 statement, said the higher duties would worsen affordability problems.

\n

"For years, NAHB has been leading the fight against lumber tariffs because of their detrimental effect on housing affordability," the group said in a statement. "In effect, the lumber tariffs act as a tax on American builders, home buyers and consumers.

\n

"With housing affordability already near a historic low, NAHB continues to call on the administration to carefully consider how placing additional tariffs on lumber and other building materials will raise housing prices and impact housing supply," the statement said.

\n

"The impact of the duties is being shared by businesses (exporters, importers) and consumers. So far, most of the impact, approximately two-thirds, has been absorbed by US importing businesses with lower profit margins," Bethune said.

\n

"Only 15 percent has been passed on to consumers. However, the pass-through to consumers will likely increase over time," he said.

\n

On the supply side, he said US producers will not be able to fully fill the gap left by Canadian lumber.

\n

"US producers may have some capacity to increase production, but the supply response is limited by the availability of accessible timber resources," Bethune said.

\n

"Beyond the impact on (Canadian) facilities, I would expect a curtailment in production, where higher cost firms may either take temporary downtime or permanently shutter some more mills," said Harry Nelson, an associate professor of forestry at the University of British Columbia.

\n

He said that Canada, and the province of British Columbia in particular, has long been the higher-cost supplier to the US market.

\n

In an Aug 8 statement responding to the US decision, the BC Lumber Trade Council said the move would have negative consequences on both sides of the border.

\n

"It places unnecessary strain on forestry-dependent regions in Canada while driving up construction costs for American builders and families," said Kurt Niquidet, president of the BC Lumber Trade Council.

\n

He added that without a negotiated settlement, the council will continue to work with the Canadian government and industry partners to defend Canadian interests "through all available legal channels, including proceedings under the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement".

\n

Nelson said the outlook depends on the broader US economy.

\n

"As the US market is what sets lumber prices overall, the higher the tariffs, the lower Canadian lumber prices will be relative to the US."

\n

For Canadian consumers, Nelson sees both direct and indirect impacts. "First, the duties create a wedge between domestic and export prices," he told China Daily.

\n

"The bigger the tariffs, the more likely the greater that wedge will be."

\n

The indirect effect, he added, comes from the broader economy. "If overall tariffs and economic uncertainty lead to lower economic activity, housing starts generally in both the US and Canada will come down … and lumber prices overall will trend lower."

\n

Looking ahead, Nelson said Canada needs a more deliberate diversification strategy. "We are too reliant on one partner and one product," he said.

\n

" (We need) a well thought-out trade diversification strategy where we invest in building a brand for Canadian wood and wood products around quality and building stable relationships with other trading partners," he said.

\n

gaoyang@chinadailyusa.com

\n

", - "content": "

Lumber is cut at a saw mill near Sooke, British Columbia, Canada, on April 11. The US is poised to more than double duties on Canadian softwood lumber, putting more pressure on US' material costs.

\n\n

The United States has more than doubled the countervailing duties on Canadian softwood lumber to over 35 percent, a move economists say will raise construction costs and further strain housing affordability.

\n

The US Department of Commerce said earlier this month that it will more than double the countervailing duties on Canadian softwood lumber imports, raising them to 14.6 percent from 6.7 percent, after determining Canadian producers receive unfair subsidies.

\n

The increase comes on top of a recent rise in antidumping duties to 20.5 percent, bringing the total duty on Canadian softwood to nearly 35.2 percent.

\n

The US move will raise construction costs and add to inflationary pressures, according to Brian Bethune, a professor of economics at Boston College.

\n

He said the higher costs will be "extremely difficult to offset", especially as they come alongside higher prices for steel and aluminum.

\n

"All of these factors will negatively impact affordability," he told China Daily.

\n

Bethune noted that the duties will take time to appear in official inflation data. "The tariffs first have to feed through into housing construction costs, and then into rents and owners' equivalent rent, which drive shelter costs."

\n

"The lag, however, could be up to a year, so we won't see much of an impact until mid-2026," he said.

\n

The National Association of Home Builders, in an Aug 8 statement, said the higher duties would worsen affordability problems.

\n

"For years, NAHB has been leading the fight against lumber tariffs because of their detrimental effect on housing affordability," the group said in a statement. "In effect, the lumber tariffs act as a tax on American builders, home buyers and consumers.

\n

"With housing affordability already near a historic low, NAHB continues to call on the administration to carefully consider how placing additional tariffs on lumber and other building materials will raise housing prices and impact housing supply," the statement said.

\n

"The impact of the duties is being shared by businesses (exporters, importers) and consumers. So far, most of the impact, approximately two-thirds, has been absorbed by US importing businesses with lower profit margins," Bethune said.

\n

"Only 15 percent has been passed on to consumers. However, the pass-through to consumers will likely increase over time," he said.

\n

On the supply side, he said US producers will not be able to fully fill the gap left by Canadian lumber.

\n

"US producers may have some capacity to increase production, but the supply response is limited by the availability of accessible timber resources," Bethune said.

\n

"Beyond the impact on (Canadian) facilities, I would expect a curtailment in production, where higher cost firms may either take temporary downtime or permanently shutter some more mills," said Harry Nelson, an associate professor of forestry at the University of British Columbia.

\n

He said that Canada, and the province of British Columbia in particular, has long been the higher-cost supplier to the US market.

\n

In an Aug 8 statement responding to the US decision, the BC Lumber Trade Council said the move would have negative consequences on both sides of the border.

\n

"It places unnecessary strain on forestry-dependent regions in Canada while driving up construction costs for American builders and families," said Kurt Niquidet, president of the BC Lumber Trade Council.

\n

He added that without a negotiated settlement, the council will continue to work with the Canadian government and industry partners to defend Canadian interests "through all available legal channels, including proceedings under the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement".

\n

Nelson said the outlook depends on the broader US economy.

\n

"As the US market is what sets lumber prices overall, the higher the tariffs, the lower Canadian lumber prices will be relative to the US."

\n

For Canadian consumers, Nelson sees both direct and indirect impacts. "First, the duties create a wedge between domestic and export prices," he told China Daily.

\n

"The bigger the tariffs, the more likely the greater that wedge will be."

\n

The indirect effect, he added, comes from the broader economy. "If overall tariffs and economic uncertainty lead to lower economic activity, housing starts generally in both the US and Canada will come down … and lumber prices overall will trend lower."

\n

Looking ahead, Nelson said Canada needs a more deliberate diversification strategy. "We are too reliant on one partner and one product," he said.

\n

" (We need) a well thought-out trade diversification strategy where we invest in building a brand for Canadian wood and wood products around quality and building stable relationships with other trading partners," he said.

\n

gaoyang@chinadailyusa.com

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_012_68a7940ded50ccabe1517f65.htm#012WORLD", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "40176c6001ad58b0955afb45a076d05c", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "012WORLD - Denmark eliminates book tax to spur reading", - "description": "

Denmark has decided to scrap its tax on books in a bid to increase literacy levels, which have plunged to worrying lows recently.

\n

The country's government said this week its 25 percent tax on book sales must go if the nation is to battle back against its "reading crisis".

\n

The idea was suggested by the government's working group on literature, the publishing industry and stakeholder groups.

\n

Culture Minister Jakob Engel-Schmidt said as he announced the government's decision to ditch the tax, which is one of the most prohibitive in the world and the highest rate in Europe, that he hoped it would lead to many more books being sold, and a new love of reading.

\n

But he acknowledged the move will cost the country around 330 million Danish kroner ($51 million) a year in lost tax revenue.

\n

"We need to do all we can to fix this reading crisis that has unfortunately spread in recent years," Engel-Schmidt told the Ritzau news agency.

\n

He added that he would like to see "massive money" now being spent on improving the culture of the Danish people.

\n

Engel-Schmidt made the move after the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development intergovernmental think tank said in its latest annual education review that a quarter of Denmark's 15-year-olds were unable to understand simple texts, which was up 4 percentage points on the figure from a decade ago.

\n

Mads Rosendahl Thomsen, a professor of comparative literature at Aarhus University and vice-chair of the Danish government's working group on literature, said surveys have repeatedly shown there are declining levels of literacy among Denmark's teenagers, and that the 25 percent tax on books was partly responsible.

\n

Nearby Finland, Sweden and Norway have lower tax rates on books, with Finland taxing them at 14 percent, Sweden at 6 percent, and Norway at zero percent. The United Kingdom also has a zero percent tax on books.

\n

Thomsen told the BBC that young children can quickly improve their reading skills once books become more readily available, but he said the situation was much more urgent and important among 15-year-olds.

\n

Thomsen added that other factors have also contributed to the literacy crisis, including the increasing challenge of distractions like online gaming.

\n

earle@mail.chinadailyuk.com

\n

", - "content": "

Denmark has decided to scrap its tax on books in a bid to increase literacy levels, which have plunged to worrying lows recently.

\n

The country's government said this week its 25 percent tax on book sales must go if the nation is to battle back against its "reading crisis".

\n

The idea was suggested by the government's working group on literature, the publishing industry and stakeholder groups.

\n

Culture Minister Jakob Engel-Schmidt said as he announced the government's decision to ditch the tax, which is one of the most prohibitive in the world and the highest rate in Europe, that he hoped it would lead to many more books being sold, and a new love of reading.

\n

But he acknowledged the move will cost the country around 330 million Danish kroner ($51 million) a year in lost tax revenue.

\n

"We need to do all we can to fix this reading crisis that has unfortunately spread in recent years," Engel-Schmidt told the Ritzau news agency.

\n

He added that he would like to see "massive money" now being spent on improving the culture of the Danish people.

\n

Engel-Schmidt made the move after the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development intergovernmental think tank said in its latest annual education review that a quarter of Denmark's 15-year-olds were unable to understand simple texts, which was up 4 percentage points on the figure from a decade ago.

\n

Mads Rosendahl Thomsen, a professor of comparative literature at Aarhus University and vice-chair of the Danish government's working group on literature, said surveys have repeatedly shown there are declining levels of literacy among Denmark's teenagers, and that the 25 percent tax on books was partly responsible.

\n

Nearby Finland, Sweden and Norway have lower tax rates on books, with Finland taxing them at 14 percent, Sweden at 6 percent, and Norway at zero percent. The United Kingdom also has a zero percent tax on books.

\n

Thomsen told the BBC that young children can quickly improve their reading skills once books become more readily available, but he said the situation was much more urgent and important among 15-year-olds.

\n

Thomsen added that other factors have also contributed to the literacy crisis, including the increasing challenge of distractions like online gaming.

\n

earle@mail.chinadailyuk.com

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_012_68a79411ed50ccabe1517f66.htm#012WORLD", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "4596711698a07e444a1702eef976db9f", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "012WORLD - Sail spectacle", - "description": "

Sailors stand on the masts of a tall ship as it sails into Amsterdam, the Netherlands, on Wednesday. SAIL Amsterdam, the country's major maritime festival, first held 50 years ago, kicked off its 10th edition on Wednesday after a decade-long break.

\n

", - "content": "

Sailors stand on the masts of a tall ship as it sails into Amsterdam, the Netherlands, on Wednesday. SAIL Amsterdam, the country's major maritime festival, first held 50 years ago, kicked off its 10th edition on Wednesday after a decade-long break.

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_012_68a79416ed50ccabe1517f67.htm#012WORLD", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "ecd41011dd7e77bf1888a6cde59836d1", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "012WORLD - Tariffs could impact investment, exports, warns Brazilian industry", - "description": "

BRASILIA — US-imposed tariffs on Brazilian products could cause a drop in the country's exports for the first time in 21 months, while also negatively impacting investment and employment, the National Confederation of Industry, or CNI, warned in a report on Wednesday.

\n

According to CNI's latest survey, export expectations for Brazil's industrial sector for the next six months fell 5.1 points to 46.6 points in August. When the indicator falls below 50 points, it indicates an expected contraction in exports.

\n

"The worsening of export expectations is closely related to uncertainties in the external environment, mainly due to the new US trade policy," said Isabella Bianchi, CNI's policy and industry analyst.

\n

A 50 percent tariff imposed by the US government on a number of Brazilian products took effect on Aug 6.

\n

According to the CNI, the measure is already having an impact on industrial employment, which declined in July despite a rise in production growth.

\n

The employment expectations index dropped to 49.3 points in August, signaling that employers do not anticipate job growth in the next six months.

\n

Business owners are less inclined to invest. "The investment intention index fell to 54.6 points, the lowest level since October 2023.However, it remains 2.1 points above the historical average of 52.5 points," the report noted.

\n

Talks with WTO

\n

The United States has agreed to Brazil's request to enter talks with the World Trade Organization to discuss the tariffs imposed by Washington, according to a recent letter.

\n

Brazil approached the global trade body in early August after President Donald Trump raised duties on more than a third of US-bound exports from the Latin American powerhouse, including key items like coffee, beef and sugar.

\n

Trump hit Brazil with some of his highest tariff rates as punishment for what he calls a "witch hunt "against former far-right president Jair Bolsonaro, who is on trial for allegedly plotting to attempt a coup.

\n

"The United States accepts the request of Brazil to enter into consultations," read a letter dated Aug 15 from the Washington WTO delegation and published on the organization's website.

\n

"We stand ready to confer with officials from your mission on a mutually convenient date for consultations," it continued.

\n

The US letter cautioned that some of the issues raised by Brazil "are issues of national security not susceptible to review or capable of resolution by WTO dispute settlement".

\n

The WTO consultation process involves seeking a negotiated solution before moving into arbitration.

\n

Trump's tariff order also charged that the Brazilian government's recent policies and actions threatened the US economy, national security and foreign policy.

\n

Unlike most countries targeted by Washington's reciprocal tariffs, the US runs a trade surplus with Brazil, not a deficit.

\n

", - "content": "

BRASILIA — US-imposed tariffs on Brazilian products could cause a drop in the country's exports for the first time in 21 months, while also negatively impacting investment and employment, the National Confederation of Industry, or CNI, warned in a report on Wednesday.

\n

According to CNI's latest survey, export expectations for Brazil's industrial sector for the next six months fell 5.1 points to 46.6 points in August. When the indicator falls below 50 points, it indicates an expected contraction in exports.

\n

"The worsening of export expectations is closely related to uncertainties in the external environment, mainly due to the new US trade policy," said Isabella Bianchi, CNI's policy and industry analyst.

\n

A 50 percent tariff imposed by the US government on a number of Brazilian products took effect on Aug 6.

\n

According to the CNI, the measure is already having an impact on industrial employment, which declined in July despite a rise in production growth.

\n

The employment expectations index dropped to 49.3 points in August, signaling that employers do not anticipate job growth in the next six months.

\n

Business owners are less inclined to invest. "The investment intention index fell to 54.6 points, the lowest level since October 2023.However, it remains 2.1 points above the historical average of 52.5 points," the report noted.

\n

Talks with WTO

\n

The United States has agreed to Brazil's request to enter talks with the World Trade Organization to discuss the tariffs imposed by Washington, according to a recent letter.

\n

Brazil approached the global trade body in early August after President Donald Trump raised duties on more than a third of US-bound exports from the Latin American powerhouse, including key items like coffee, beef and sugar.

\n

Trump hit Brazil with some of his highest tariff rates as punishment for what he calls a "witch hunt "against former far-right president Jair Bolsonaro, who is on trial for allegedly plotting to attempt a coup.

\n

"The United States accepts the request of Brazil to enter into consultations," read a letter dated Aug 15 from the Washington WTO delegation and published on the organization's website.

\n

"We stand ready to confer with officials from your mission on a mutually convenient date for consultations," it continued.

\n

The US letter cautioned that some of the issues raised by Brazil "are issues of national security not susceptible to review or capable of resolution by WTO dispute settlement".

\n

The WTO consultation process involves seeking a negotiated solution before moving into arbitration.

\n

Trump's tariff order also charged that the Brazilian government's recent policies and actions threatened the US economy, national security and foreign policy.

\n

Unlike most countries targeted by Washington's reciprocal tariffs, the US runs a trade surplus with Brazil, not a deficit.

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_012_68a7941aed50ccabe1517f68.htm#012WORLD", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "757157ac20405f13660dc39a70bc13c8", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "012WORLD - WPP Media China helping native companies to expand overseas", - "description": "

\n\n

WPP Media China, the marketing and media service provider formerly called GroupM China, has built a reputation for assisting overseas companies in navigating the Chinese market. In recent years, the company has been keen to harness its expertise in helping Chinese companies expand their global operation, offering a clearer road map to success in an increasingly complex international business landscape.

\n

"Ten years ago, we were primarily focused on bringing Western brands into China, working closely with Western headquarters to tailor messaging for Chinese consumers. Now, the reverse is true. We need to leverage our network's expertise to help Chinese businesses understand how to drive relevance and resonate with consumers, taking into account the local nuances and cultural norms, whether in France, Fiji, Greece, or Germany," said Rupert McPetrie, CEO of WPP Media China.

\n

According to McPetrie, Chinese companies have been displaying increased confidence in their global expansion in recent years. There has also been a shift in business emphasis, with price no longer being the sole focus for these companies.

\n

"Chinese companies have transitioned from a value-led proposition to offering richer, deeper and more brand-oriented experiences. This shift has been evident in sectors such as electric vehicles and drones, where China is a global leader," said McPetrie.

\n

In addition to changing emphasis, McPetrie said that the marketing strategies in overseas markets have evolved.

\n

"The whole marketing ecosystem has changed. We're seeing a more integrated approach that encompasses the entire ecosystem — from branding and awareness to the resonance of brands with consumers in different markets — all the way through to conversion and click-to-purchase," said McPetrie.

\n

McPetrie, who has observed the development of the Chinese market for more than 10 years, said Chinese companies' journey of seeking overseas development features both opportunities and challenges. Quickly understanding and evaluating the market situation, as well as conducting effective localization, will become a unique competitive advantage for brands.

\n

"Securing a foothold in international markets depends not only on product and supply chain advantages but also on the effective storytelling of their brands. This brand narrative needs to be culturally relevant and resonate with and build trust among overseas consumers through efficient media touchpoints," said McPetrie.

\n

In recent years, WPP Media China has achieved excellent results in supporting Chinese brands in their global expansion, including the overseas marketing of Black Myth: Wukong and the global media planning and buying for the mobile phone brand Honor.

\n

According to McPetrie, WPP Media China is poised to become a long-term trusted partner for more Chinese brands, with the goal of accelerating client growth wherever they conduct business.

\n

"WPP Media China is an important part of WPP. WPP is present in over 100 countries worldwide and possesses a powerful network, talented teams and cutting-edge solutions tailored to diverse markets. This ensures that brand stories are effectively disseminated within the right media and marketing environments, enhancing the efficiency and impact of brand marketing for global expansion," said McPetrie.

\n

At the end of May, WPP globally announced the rebranding of GroupM to WPP Media, with the aim to further consolidate its development foundation and enhance its offer for the future. The move will enable WPP Media to deliver more integrated solutions to its clients in a more efficient manner.

\n

"We've been on a journey to become much easier to access. We're very lucky at the capabilities that we've been building. But one of the jobs we have is to make sure our clients can get the benefit of those capabilities very easily. We've been simplifying our organization practically and strategically, and the rebranding was just a symbol of that," said McPetrie.

\n

WPP Open, an artificial intelligence-enabled marketing platform empowered by Open Intelligence and developed by WPP Media, is deemed the main engine supporting its transition, according to McPetrie.

\n

tangzhihao@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "content": "

\n\n

WPP Media China, the marketing and media service provider formerly called GroupM China, has built a reputation for assisting overseas companies in navigating the Chinese market. In recent years, the company has been keen to harness its expertise in helping Chinese companies expand their global operation, offering a clearer road map to success in an increasingly complex international business landscape.

\n

"Ten years ago, we were primarily focused on bringing Western brands into China, working closely with Western headquarters to tailor messaging for Chinese consumers. Now, the reverse is true. We need to leverage our network's expertise to help Chinese businesses understand how to drive relevance and resonate with consumers, taking into account the local nuances and cultural norms, whether in France, Fiji, Greece, or Germany," said Rupert McPetrie, CEO of WPP Media China.

\n

According to McPetrie, Chinese companies have been displaying increased confidence in their global expansion in recent years. There has also been a shift in business emphasis, with price no longer being the sole focus for these companies.

\n

"Chinese companies have transitioned from a value-led proposition to offering richer, deeper and more brand-oriented experiences. This shift has been evident in sectors such as electric vehicles and drones, where China is a global leader," said McPetrie.

\n

In addition to changing emphasis, McPetrie said that the marketing strategies in overseas markets have evolved.

\n

"The whole marketing ecosystem has changed. We're seeing a more integrated approach that encompasses the entire ecosystem — from branding and awareness to the resonance of brands with consumers in different markets — all the way through to conversion and click-to-purchase," said McPetrie.

\n

McPetrie, who has observed the development of the Chinese market for more than 10 years, said Chinese companies' journey of seeking overseas development features both opportunities and challenges. Quickly understanding and evaluating the market situation, as well as conducting effective localization, will become a unique competitive advantage for brands.

\n

"Securing a foothold in international markets depends not only on product and supply chain advantages but also on the effective storytelling of their brands. This brand narrative needs to be culturally relevant and resonate with and build trust among overseas consumers through efficient media touchpoints," said McPetrie.

\n

In recent years, WPP Media China has achieved excellent results in supporting Chinese brands in their global expansion, including the overseas marketing of Black Myth: Wukong and the global media planning and buying for the mobile phone brand Honor.

\n

According to McPetrie, WPP Media China is poised to become a long-term trusted partner for more Chinese brands, with the goal of accelerating client growth wherever they conduct business.

\n

"WPP Media China is an important part of WPP. WPP is present in over 100 countries worldwide and possesses a powerful network, talented teams and cutting-edge solutions tailored to diverse markets. This ensures that brand stories are effectively disseminated within the right media and marketing environments, enhancing the efficiency and impact of brand marketing for global expansion," said McPetrie.

\n

At the end of May, WPP globally announced the rebranding of GroupM to WPP Media, with the aim to further consolidate its development foundation and enhance its offer for the future. The move will enable WPP Media to deliver more integrated solutions to its clients in a more efficient manner.

\n

"We've been on a journey to become much easier to access. We're very lucky at the capabilities that we've been building. But one of the jobs we have is to make sure our clients can get the benefit of those capabilities very easily. We've been simplifying our organization practically and strategically, and the rebranding was just a symbol of that," said McPetrie.

\n

WPP Open, an artificial intelligence-enabled marketing platform empowered by Open Intelligence and developed by WPP Media, is deemed the main engine supporting its transition, according to McPetrie.

\n

tangzhihao@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_012_68a7941eed50ccabe1517f69.htm#012WORLD", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "2bbe721ce6338a235c114529dbcdfeea", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "013BUSINESS - AI role key in stimulating consumption", - "description": "

Fast-evolving artificial intelligence is expected to foster new consumption growth drivers and inject strong impetus into China's consumer market as this cutting-edge digital technology is spearheading a technological revolution and industrial transformation to drive economic growth, said experts and company executives.

\n

They said that commercial use of AI in e-commerce and home appliances will not only improve the consumer shopping experience and merchants' operational efficiency, but also create new consumption scenarios and bolster product sales.

\n

Their comments came as a State Council executive meeting in July approved a guideline on implementing the "AI Plus" initiative, calling for vigorously advancing the large-scale commercial application of AI and boosting its accelerated popularization and deep integration across various fields of economic and social development.

\n

Major e-commerce platforms are scrambling to leverage AI-powered virtual hosts in livestreaming sessions to introduce products and spur purchases. These virtual hosts can mimic human facial expressions and movements, and interact naturally with consumers while promptly answering their queries.

\n

A digital human mimicking Liu Qiangdong, Chinese e-commerce giant JD's founder, appeared in the company's livestreaming rooms to promote a variety of merchandise, including meats, edible oils, eggs, milk, air conditioners and TV sets.

\n

The AI anchor almost perfectly replicated Liu's expressions, body language, gestures, voice and accent. His avatar generated over 20 million views within the first hour and raked in 50 million yuan ($6.96 million) in sales throughout the real-time broadcast session.

\n

Tmall, Alibaba Group's business-to-customer e-marketplace, offers consumers personalized guidance and advice with its AI-powered customer service chatbots, while online discounter PDD Holdings uses AI tools to analyze market trends and optimize sales strategies.

\n

"The use of AI-powered virtual hosts in e-commerce livestreaming can bring a feeling of freshness to users, while brand owners can attract new consumers via this innovative method," said Mo Daiqing, a senior analyst at the Internet Economy Institute, a domestic consultancy.

\n

Mo said AI will change the way people purchase by providing interactive shopping experiences and promoting the digital transformation of traditional retailers.

\n

"It is vital that Chinese retailers deepen their customer engagement. AI tools can energize customer retention efforts, enabling e-commerce players to hyperpersonalize their engagement with consumers and create bespoke shopping experiences for them," said James Yang, head of consulting firm Bain & Company Greater China's retail practice.

\n

Meanwhile, leading consumer electronics and home appliance makers are racing to incorporate AI technology into manufacturing, products and services. Zhou Yunjie, chairman and CEO of Haier Group, said, "At present, the deployment of AI in enterprises mainly concentrates on manufacturing, research and development, sales, procurement and services."

\n

Zhou said the integration of AI models with home service robots and terminal devices will create new growth drivers for the global consumer electronics industry, adding that his company has promoted the application of AI in a wide range of fields like smart homes and industrial internet.

\n

Hisense Group said its Xinghai large language model has a deep integration with Chinese AI startup DeepSeek, and with enhanced deep thinking and reasoning abilities, its smart TVs could better understand user demands.

\n

The rise of AI technology will offer better human-machine interaction capacities and boost the intelligent transformation of the home appliances sector, while unleashing consumption potential, said Liu Fei, research director of the consumer electronics department at Beijing-based market consultancy All View Cloud.

\n

Hong Yong, an associate research fellow at the Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation, said the new type of consumption is mainly driven by technological advancements in AI, with a focus on consumers' personalized and diversified needs.

\n

"Nurturing an AI-driven new consumption model is pivotal to expanding domestic demand, driving industrial upgrades and promoting high-quality economic growth," Hong said.

\n

fanfeifei@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "content": "

Fast-evolving artificial intelligence is expected to foster new consumption growth drivers and inject strong impetus into China's consumer market as this cutting-edge digital technology is spearheading a technological revolution and industrial transformation to drive economic growth, said experts and company executives.

\n

They said that commercial use of AI in e-commerce and home appliances will not only improve the consumer shopping experience and merchants' operational efficiency, but also create new consumption scenarios and bolster product sales.

\n

Their comments came as a State Council executive meeting in July approved a guideline on implementing the "AI Plus" initiative, calling for vigorously advancing the large-scale commercial application of AI and boosting its accelerated popularization and deep integration across various fields of economic and social development.

\n

Major e-commerce platforms are scrambling to leverage AI-powered virtual hosts in livestreaming sessions to introduce products and spur purchases. These virtual hosts can mimic human facial expressions and movements, and interact naturally with consumers while promptly answering their queries.

\n

A digital human mimicking Liu Qiangdong, Chinese e-commerce giant JD's founder, appeared in the company's livestreaming rooms to promote a variety of merchandise, including meats, edible oils, eggs, milk, air conditioners and TV sets.

\n

The AI anchor almost perfectly replicated Liu's expressions, body language, gestures, voice and accent. His avatar generated over 20 million views within the first hour and raked in 50 million yuan ($6.96 million) in sales throughout the real-time broadcast session.

\n

Tmall, Alibaba Group's business-to-customer e-marketplace, offers consumers personalized guidance and advice with its AI-powered customer service chatbots, while online discounter PDD Holdings uses AI tools to analyze market trends and optimize sales strategies.

\n

"The use of AI-powered virtual hosts in e-commerce livestreaming can bring a feeling of freshness to users, while brand owners can attract new consumers via this innovative method," said Mo Daiqing, a senior analyst at the Internet Economy Institute, a domestic consultancy.

\n

Mo said AI will change the way people purchase by providing interactive shopping experiences and promoting the digital transformation of traditional retailers.

\n

"It is vital that Chinese retailers deepen their customer engagement. AI tools can energize customer retention efforts, enabling e-commerce players to hyperpersonalize their engagement with consumers and create bespoke shopping experiences for them," said James Yang, head of consulting firm Bain & Company Greater China's retail practice.

\n

Meanwhile, leading consumer electronics and home appliance makers are racing to incorporate AI technology into manufacturing, products and services. Zhou Yunjie, chairman and CEO of Haier Group, said, "At present, the deployment of AI in enterprises mainly concentrates on manufacturing, research and development, sales, procurement and services."

\n

Zhou said the integration of AI models with home service robots and terminal devices will create new growth drivers for the global consumer electronics industry, adding that his company has promoted the application of AI in a wide range of fields like smart homes and industrial internet.

\n

Hisense Group said its Xinghai large language model has a deep integration with Chinese AI startup DeepSeek, and with enhanced deep thinking and reasoning abilities, its smart TVs could better understand user demands.

\n

The rise of AI technology will offer better human-machine interaction capacities and boost the intelligent transformation of the home appliances sector, while unleashing consumption potential, said Liu Fei, research director of the consumer electronics department at Beijing-based market consultancy All View Cloud.

\n

Hong Yong, an associate research fellow at the Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation, said the new type of consumption is mainly driven by technological advancements in AI, with a focus on consumers' personalized and diversified needs.

\n

"Nurturing an AI-driven new consumption model is pivotal to expanding domestic demand, driving industrial upgrades and promoting high-quality economic growth," Hong said.

\n

fanfeifei@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_013_68a79422ed50ccabe1517f6a.htm#013BUSINESS", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "307faf1705c79f0e7c398fce8b1f42b5", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "013BUSINESS - Chinese tea chains expand overseas footprint", - "description": "

People pass by a Heytea pop-up store showcasing its "new-style tea" products in Paris on July 26,2024.

\n

Chinese new-style tea brands are accelerating their push into overseas markets, leveraging product innovation, digital operations, and a growing global interest in health-boosting beverages.

\n

The trend marks a new phase in the globalization of China's consumer brands, analysts said.

\n

Tea chains — once focused on the domestic market — have begun to systematically scale up their presence abroad.

\n

From Southeast Asia to North America and Europe, Chinese companies like Mixue, Heytea and Chagee are establishing a presence in major urban centers and retail hot spots.

\n

"The overseas growth of Chinese tea brands shows that they are moving up the value chain — from lowcost producers to lifestyle and culture exporters," said Wang Peng, associate research fellow at the Beijing Academy of Social Sciences.

\n

He pointed to the global shift in beverage preferences, especially among younger consumers, as a key driver. "Consumers are looking for lower-sugar, innovative and Instagrammable drinks that reflect cultural diversity."

\n

Zhan Junhao, founder of brand consultancy Fujian Huace Brand Positioning Consulting, noted that success abroad has depended on thoughtful localization strategies.

\n

"Chinese tea companies have adjusted flavors to suit local palates, while retaining signature products that communicate authenticity. This balance between adaptation and brand identity has been critical," he said.

\n

According to National Business Daily, six Chinese tea brands had gone public by July, and together they operate over 5,000 outlets overseas.

\n

Among the most active players is Mixue Group, which was listed on the Hong Kong stock exchange in March. Its prospectus revealed that the company had opened 4,895 outlets overseas by the end of 2024, accounting for more than 10 percent of its global footprint.

\n

Chagee, a premium tea chain based in Yunnan province, made its debut on the Nasdaq in April. In just seven years, the brand has opened nearly 170 outlets in Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand and other countries.

\n

Heytea, one of China's best-known upmarket tea brands, launched its international journey from Singapore in 2018. It has since expanded into London, Melbourne, Kuala Lumpur, Seoul, and several North American cities. Over the past year, Heytea's overseas store count jumped more than sixfold, from fewer than 20 to over 100. In the United States alone, the number of stores rose from two to over 30.

\n

The brand's Cupertino outlet in California, located near the headquarters of Apple Inc, drew long lines on opening day. "Our Times Square store in New York sold over 3,500 cups on its first day, and the Flushing store reached 3,300 cups daily by Day Three," said Cheng Hao, general manager of the Public Communication Center of Heytea. "Even in the off-season, our outlet in San Jose maintains sales levels close to opening day."

\n

A viral presence on social media has helped fuel the craze.

\n

Videos of two-hour wait lines and customer reviews comparing Chinese tea to coffee in addictiveness have boosted visibility among US consumers.

\n

As the Chinese brands continue their global expansion, analysts said their long-term success will depend on how well they manage supply chains, maintain brand quality and navigate regional competition — while retaining the cultural appeal that first set them apart.

\n

zhengyiran@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "content": "

People pass by a Heytea pop-up store showcasing its "new-style tea" products in Paris on July 26,2024.

\n

Chinese new-style tea brands are accelerating their push into overseas markets, leveraging product innovation, digital operations, and a growing global interest in health-boosting beverages.

\n

The trend marks a new phase in the globalization of China's consumer brands, analysts said.

\n

Tea chains — once focused on the domestic market — have begun to systematically scale up their presence abroad.

\n

From Southeast Asia to North America and Europe, Chinese companies like Mixue, Heytea and Chagee are establishing a presence in major urban centers and retail hot spots.

\n

"The overseas growth of Chinese tea brands shows that they are moving up the value chain — from lowcost producers to lifestyle and culture exporters," said Wang Peng, associate research fellow at the Beijing Academy of Social Sciences.

\n

He pointed to the global shift in beverage preferences, especially among younger consumers, as a key driver. "Consumers are looking for lower-sugar, innovative and Instagrammable drinks that reflect cultural diversity."

\n

Zhan Junhao, founder of brand consultancy Fujian Huace Brand Positioning Consulting, noted that success abroad has depended on thoughtful localization strategies.

\n

"Chinese tea companies have adjusted flavors to suit local palates, while retaining signature products that communicate authenticity. This balance between adaptation and brand identity has been critical," he said.

\n

According to National Business Daily, six Chinese tea brands had gone public by July, and together they operate over 5,000 outlets overseas.

\n

Among the most active players is Mixue Group, which was listed on the Hong Kong stock exchange in March. Its prospectus revealed that the company had opened 4,895 outlets overseas by the end of 2024, accounting for more than 10 percent of its global footprint.

\n

Chagee, a premium tea chain based in Yunnan province, made its debut on the Nasdaq in April. In just seven years, the brand has opened nearly 170 outlets in Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand and other countries.

\n

Heytea, one of China's best-known upmarket tea brands, launched its international journey from Singapore in 2018. It has since expanded into London, Melbourne, Kuala Lumpur, Seoul, and several North American cities. Over the past year, Heytea's overseas store count jumped more than sixfold, from fewer than 20 to over 100. In the United States alone, the number of stores rose from two to over 30.

\n

The brand's Cupertino outlet in California, located near the headquarters of Apple Inc, drew long lines on opening day. "Our Times Square store in New York sold over 3,500 cups on its first day, and the Flushing store reached 3,300 cups daily by Day Three," said Cheng Hao, general manager of the Public Communication Center of Heytea. "Even in the off-season, our outlet in San Jose maintains sales levels close to opening day."

\n

A viral presence on social media has helped fuel the craze.

\n

Videos of two-hour wait lines and customer reviews comparing Chinese tea to coffee in addictiveness have boosted visibility among US consumers.

\n

As the Chinese brands continue their global expansion, analysts said their long-term success will depend on how well they manage supply chains, maintain brand quality and navigate regional competition — while retaining the cultural appeal that first set them apart.

\n

zhengyiran@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_013_68a79426ed50ccabe1517f6b.htm#013BUSINESS", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "0346407292d24c3baaa6e8e2aaecbe32", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "013BUSINESS - UHV project transmitting electricity to Hunan", - "description": "

The Ningxia-Hunan ±800 kilovolt ultra-high voltage direct current transmission project, which brings electricity from Northwest China's Ningxia Hui autonomous region to Central China's Hunan province, was put into operation on Wednesday, marking a significant step in the country's push for renewable energy integration.

\n

The UHV transmission line, spanning 1,616 kilometers, is the first in China approved to primarily transmit electricity generated from wind and solar power plants located in Gobi Desert bases, said State Grid Corp of China, its operator.

\n

More than half of the electricity transmitted through the line will be from renewable sources, the company said, highlighting its importance in facilitating the large-scale allocation of clean energy and enhancing power supply security.

\n

"This project is not only a 'green artery' for cross-regional energy allocation, but also an important engine for Hunan to accelerate its green, low-carbon and high-quality development," said Meng Jun, chairman of the trade union at State Grid's Hunan subsidiary.

\n

The Ningxia-Hunan project is supported by a total power generation capacity of 17.64 gigawatts, of which 13 GW is from renewable sources, including 4 GW of wind power and 9 GW of solar photovoltaic generation.

\n

UHV lines offer superior performance compared to traditional power lines, delivering greater capacity over longer distances with reduced energy loss. This technology is vital for channeling renewable energy generated in remote western regions to populous centers in the east.

\n

With a total investment of 28.1 billion yuan ($3.86 billion), the project is expected to reduce Hunan's standard coal consumption by around 6 million metric tons annually and cut carbon dioxide emissions by about 18 million tons, significantly optimizing the province's energy consumption structure.

\n

The launch of the project will significantly alleviate Hunan's historical reliance on external energy sources and bolster its renewable energy capacity, officials said.

\n

Hunan, which previously relied on external sources for as much as 80 percent of its primary energy, has long faced electricity shortages during peak summer and winter demand. However, rapid development of China's power infrastructure has transformed the situation, said Tang Jihong, head of the province's energy bureau.

\n

"While coal-fired power remains a fundamental source of guaranteed power for Hunan, renewable energy installations have now become the province's largest power source. External power supplies are also a crucial supplement and support. This line can account for one-sixth of our province's electricity consumption, which can play a very important supporting role in solving Hunan's power supply. With more than 50 percent of its electricity coming from renewable sources, it can provide a very important supplement to our province's green development."

\n

China has aggressively expanded its power grid over the last decade, adding over half a million kilometers of transmission lines, more than a third of the world's total. UHV lines are playing a key role, efficiently linking renewable energy sources in the west and north to high-demand areas in the more populous east.

\n

The country's grid companies have also been actively stepping up investment in the construction of UHV power transmission projects, enabling efficient long-distance transmission of massive amounts of power.

\n

As the energy revolution progresses, innovations like smart grids, advanced energy storage and virtual power plants are emerging. The rapid development and integration of digital technologies, including artificial intelligence, are sparking a new wave of advancements in power technology.

\n

China has been steadily expanding its power grid infrastructure in recent years. By the end of 2024, a total of 42 UHV AC/DC projects were operational, with 38 managed by State Grid Corp of China and four by China Southern Power Grid, enabling a cross-provincial and cross-regional power transmission capacity exceeding 340 million kW.

\n

Contact the writers at zhengxin@chinadaily.com.cn

\n


获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", - "content": "

The Ningxia-Hunan ±800 kilovolt ultra-high voltage direct current transmission project, which brings electricity from Northwest China's Ningxia Hui autonomous region to Central China's Hunan province, was put into operation on Wednesday, marking a significant step in the country's push for renewable energy integration.

\n

The UHV transmission line, spanning 1,616 kilometers, is the first in China approved to primarily transmit electricity generated from wind and solar power plants located in Gobi Desert bases, said State Grid Corp of China, its operator.

\n

More than half of the electricity transmitted through the line will be from renewable sources, the company said, highlighting its importance in facilitating the large-scale allocation of clean energy and enhancing power supply security.

\n

"This project is not only a 'green artery' for cross-regional energy allocation, but also an important engine for Hunan to accelerate its green, low-carbon and high-quality development," said Meng Jun, chairman of the trade union at State Grid's Hunan subsidiary.

\n

The Ningxia-Hunan project is supported by a total power generation capacity of 17.64 gigawatts, of which 13 GW is from renewable sources, including 4 GW of wind power and 9 GW of solar photovoltaic generation.

\n

UHV lines offer superior performance compared to traditional power lines, delivering greater capacity over longer distances with reduced energy loss. This technology is vital for channeling renewable energy generated in remote western regions to populous centers in the east.

\n

With a total investment of 28.1 billion yuan ($3.86 billion), the project is expected to reduce Hunan's standard coal consumption by around 6 million metric tons annually and cut carbon dioxide emissions by about 18 million tons, significantly optimizing the province's energy consumption structure.

\n

The launch of the project will significantly alleviate Hunan's historical reliance on external energy sources and bolster its renewable energy capacity, officials said.

\n

Hunan, which previously relied on external sources for as much as 80 percent of its primary energy, has long faced electricity shortages during peak summer and winter demand. However, rapid development of China's power infrastructure has transformed the situation, said Tang Jihong, head of the province's energy bureau.

\n

"While coal-fired power remains a fundamental source of guaranteed power for Hunan, renewable energy installations have now become the province's largest power source. External power supplies are also a crucial supplement and support. This line can account for one-sixth of our province's electricity consumption, which can play a very important supporting role in solving Hunan's power supply. With more than 50 percent of its electricity coming from renewable sources, it can provide a very important supplement to our province's green development."

\n

China has aggressively expanded its power grid over the last decade, adding over half a million kilometers of transmission lines, more than a third of the world's total. UHV lines are playing a key role, efficiently linking renewable energy sources in the west and north to high-demand areas in the more populous east.

\n

The country's grid companies have also been actively stepping up investment in the construction of UHV power transmission projects, enabling efficient long-distance transmission of massive amounts of power.

\n

As the energy revolution progresses, innovations like smart grids, advanced energy storage and virtual power plants are emerging. The rapid development and integration of digital technologies, including artificial intelligence, are sparking a new wave of advancements in power technology.

\n

China has been steadily expanding its power grid infrastructure in recent years. By the end of 2024, a total of 42 UHV AC/DC projects were operational, with 38 managed by State Grid Corp of China and four by China Southern Power Grid, enabling a cross-provincial and cross-regional power transmission capacity exceeding 340 million kW.

\n

Contact the writers at zhengxin@chinadaily.com.cn

\n


获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_013_68a7942bed50ccabe1517f6c.htm#013BUSINESS", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "3c4caa1fc71c900ec4684b1b6753f9c7", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "013BUSINESS - Briefly", - "description": "

Yuan strengthens to 7.1287 against USD

\n

The central parity rate of the Chinese currency renminbi, or the yuan, strengthened 97 pips to 7.1287 against the US dollar on Thursday, according to the China Foreign Exchange Trade System. The central parity rate of the yuan against the US dollar is based on a weighted average of prices offered by market makers before the opening of the interbank market each business day.

\n

Shanxi reports more raw coal production

\n

Coal-rich province of Shanxi reported 756.44 million metric tons of raw coal production in the first seven months, up 7.2 percent year-on-year, according to local authorities. As the country's top coal producer, Shanxi contributed 27.2 percent of China's total output during this period.

\n

", - "content": "

Yuan strengthens to 7.1287 against USD

\n

The central parity rate of the Chinese currency renminbi, or the yuan, strengthened 97 pips to 7.1287 against the US dollar on Thursday, according to the China Foreign Exchange Trade System. The central parity rate of the yuan against the US dollar is based on a weighted average of prices offered by market makers before the opening of the interbank market each business day.

\n

Shanxi reports more raw coal production

\n

Coal-rich province of Shanxi reported 756.44 million metric tons of raw coal production in the first seven months, up 7.2 percent year-on-year, according to local authorities. As the country's top coal producer, Shanxi contributed 27.2 percent of China's total output during this period.

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_013_68a7942fed50ccabe1517f6d.htm#013BUSINESS", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "00bc44fd8292b6fefd215c72cf393602", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "013BUSINESS - Coal freight corridor hits new milestone", - "description": "

A train loaded with thermal coal departs Hudong Railway Station in Datong, Shanxi province, on Thursday.

\n

A 20,000-metric-ton heavy-haul train, No 73003, loaded with thermal coal, departed from Hudong Railway Station in Datong, Shanxi province, at 9:50 am on Thursday, marking a new milestone in freight volume for a single railway line globally.

\n

So far, the cumulative freight volume of the Datong-Qinhuangdao Railway has exceeded 9 billion tons.

\n

The 653-kilometer railway runs from Datong to Qinhuangdao in Hebei province. The railway provides coal to 26 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions, as well as more than 300 power plants and 6,000 mining enterprises.

\n

It handles one-fifth of the country's railway coal transport and has become a vital energy link connecting coal-rich regions such as Shanxi and Shaanxi provinces, and the Inner Mongolia autonomous region.

\n

The railway has continually deepened independent innovation and made equipment upgrades since the first phase of the project opened in 1988. The whole line opened to traffic in 1992.

\n

Since its operation, the railway has continuously broken annual freight records in response to national economic development needs. As the most important railway in the country for coal transport, its annual freight volume increased from over 20 million tons in 1989 to a peak of 451 million tons in 2018.

\n

The cumulative freight volume reached 1 billion tons for the first time in 2004, the second billion in 2008 and the third billion in 2011.

\n

Since 2012, the railway has added another billion tons every 2.5 years. Currently, the railway has an annual transportation capacity of 450 million tons, providing robust support for national energy security and economic and social development.

\n

"We have established a complete system featuring 'matching of production, transportation and demand', 'coordination of collection and distribution', and 'integration of speed, mobility and heaviness' with independent intellectual property rights," said Zhang Wei, director of Hudong Railway Station. "The system has set and maintained several railway world records, including the highest density of heavy-haul trains operating on a single heavy-haul railway, the largest transportation capacity and the best transportation efficiency."

\n

"It has led China's heavy-haul transportation to the forefront of the world," he said. "Meanwhile, the transportation volume of more than 9 billion tons also reflects the vigorous vitality of China's economic and social development."

\n

The system has been applied to other heavy-haul railways, such as the Watang-Rizhao Railway. On April 2, 2014, a nearly 4-kilometer-long 30,000-ton heavy-haul train was successfully tested on the Datong-Qinhuangdao Railway, making China one of the few countries in the world mastering 30,000-ton railway heavy-haul technology.

\n

In February 2020, a new generation of wireless synchronized control systems for heavy-haul trains was successfully tested on the railway. Breakthrough advancements have also been made in research on auxiliary driving for heavy-haul trains and new controllable end-of-train devices in recent years.

\n

Over the past decades, the railway has undergone three major capacity expansion and renovation projects, with continuous upgrades to infrastructure and equipment. The railway tracks have been updated to the fifth generation, achieving high performance, longevity and strength. "Digital vehicle maintenance system has increased overall maintenance efficiency by 20 percent, while continuously enhancing the safety and efficiency of railway transportation," said Yu Wenbin, Party secretary of the train's wheel set workshop at the station.

\n

Contact the writers at zhouhuiying@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "content": "

A train loaded with thermal coal departs Hudong Railway Station in Datong, Shanxi province, on Thursday.

\n

A 20,000-metric-ton heavy-haul train, No 73003, loaded with thermal coal, departed from Hudong Railway Station in Datong, Shanxi province, at 9:50 am on Thursday, marking a new milestone in freight volume for a single railway line globally.

\n

So far, the cumulative freight volume of the Datong-Qinhuangdao Railway has exceeded 9 billion tons.

\n

The 653-kilometer railway runs from Datong to Qinhuangdao in Hebei province. The railway provides coal to 26 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions, as well as more than 300 power plants and 6,000 mining enterprises.

\n

It handles one-fifth of the country's railway coal transport and has become a vital energy link connecting coal-rich regions such as Shanxi and Shaanxi provinces, and the Inner Mongolia autonomous region.

\n

The railway has continually deepened independent innovation and made equipment upgrades since the first phase of the project opened in 1988. The whole line opened to traffic in 1992.

\n

Since its operation, the railway has continuously broken annual freight records in response to national economic development needs. As the most important railway in the country for coal transport, its annual freight volume increased from over 20 million tons in 1989 to a peak of 451 million tons in 2018.

\n

The cumulative freight volume reached 1 billion tons for the first time in 2004, the second billion in 2008 and the third billion in 2011.

\n

Since 2012, the railway has added another billion tons every 2.5 years. Currently, the railway has an annual transportation capacity of 450 million tons, providing robust support for national energy security and economic and social development.

\n

"We have established a complete system featuring 'matching of production, transportation and demand', 'coordination of collection and distribution', and 'integration of speed, mobility and heaviness' with independent intellectual property rights," said Zhang Wei, director of Hudong Railway Station. "The system has set and maintained several railway world records, including the highest density of heavy-haul trains operating on a single heavy-haul railway, the largest transportation capacity and the best transportation efficiency."

\n

"It has led China's heavy-haul transportation to the forefront of the world," he said. "Meanwhile, the transportation volume of more than 9 billion tons also reflects the vigorous vitality of China's economic and social development."

\n

The system has been applied to other heavy-haul railways, such as the Watang-Rizhao Railway. On April 2, 2014, a nearly 4-kilometer-long 30,000-ton heavy-haul train was successfully tested on the Datong-Qinhuangdao Railway, making China one of the few countries in the world mastering 30,000-ton railway heavy-haul technology.

\n

In February 2020, a new generation of wireless synchronized control systems for heavy-haul trains was successfully tested on the railway. Breakthrough advancements have also been made in research on auxiliary driving for heavy-haul trains and new controllable end-of-train devices in recent years.

\n

Over the past decades, the railway has undergone three major capacity expansion and renovation projects, with continuous upgrades to infrastructure and equipment. The railway tracks have been updated to the fifth generation, achieving high performance, longevity and strength. "Digital vehicle maintenance system has increased overall maintenance efficiency by 20 percent, while continuously enhancing the safety and efficiency of railway transportation," said Yu Wenbin, Party secretary of the train's wheel set workshop at the station.

\n

Contact the writers at zhouhuiying@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_013_68a79433ed50ccabe1517f6e.htm#013BUSINESS", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "e9f2cc5eab714571979d8a269f8b3f7d", - "highlights": [] - }, - { - "title": "014BUSINESS - Home appliance makers tap into silver economy", - "description": "

Seniors check out air conditioners at a shopping center in Shanghai.

\n\n

As China's silver economy is gaining growth momentum, top Chinese home appliance makers are ramping up efforts to launch products suitable for seniors — a demographic that has shown an increasing demand for diversified, easy-to-use and health-oriented household appliances.

\n

Experts said that with functions such as intelligent voice interaction and health monitoring powered by artificial intelligence technology being increasingly integrated into home appliances, it will be more convenient for seniors to use these intelligent and innovative products, creating new consumption growth drivers.

\n

Chinese home appliance giant Haier Group has developed AI-driven rehabilitation robots, which can provide personalized rehab plans based on the physical conditions of the elderly. The company has rolled out toilets designed for seniors who have mobility issues, as well as showers and bathrooms with constant temperature control systems and voice recognition functionality.

\n

Hisense Group has launched televisions equipped with medical-level vision protection technology that is in accordance with the viewing habits and preferences of the elderly. Seniors can play games, engage in physical exercise, make purchases online and have video chats with their friends and family members via the intelligent TVs.

\n

The company is also collaborating with top-tier hospitals across the nation to develop healthcare management platforms.

\n

Sichuan Changhong Electronic Holding Group has developed a smart eldercare system, enabling interconnections of home appliances, medical devices and security systems, and its AI-powered TV sets can understand the needs of seniors and remind them of taking medications on time.

\n

Eyeing the immense business opportunities from China's silver economy and a rapidly aging population, major home appliance makers are stepping up research and development and technological innovation of senior-friendly products to satisfy the diversified demands of the expanding demographic, said Jiang Feng, president of the China Household Electrical Appliances Association.

\n

Jiang said traditional home appliance products are highly homogenized, while the niche market targeting seniors is still in its initial stages, which will create new sources of revenue for home appliance companies.

\n

Beijing-based market consultancy All View Cloud said the scale of China's senior-friendly home appliance market will exceed 100 billion yuan ($14 billion) in 2025 and is expected to reach 1 trillion yuan in 2030.

\n

According to the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the nation's elderly population is projected to grow by more than 10 million annually over the next decade. By 2035, the silver economy is expected to account for 9 percent of China's GDP.

\n

China has released a guideline aimed at building up a solid services system for the elderly by 2029, as part of a broader push to better cope with the aging population and improve the quality of life for seniors.

\n

According to the guideline, the central authorities encourage companies to develop and promote products for the elderly — either high-tech electrical appliances or tourism products — and enrich services for them, aiming for a prosperous silver economy.

\n

China's silver economy is expected to grow from 7 trillion yuan in 2024 to 30 trillion yuan in 2035, said the China Research Center on Aging.

\n

Liang Zhenpeng, an independent consumer electronics analyst, said that as smart air conditioners can automatically adjust room temperatures and AI TVs can broadcast personal health information, household appliances are becoming "emotional companions" for the elderly.

\n

With the help of AI, senior-friendly home appliances are creating a safer, more comfortable and smarter home environment for silver-haired residents, Liang said, adding that these products should cater to the fundamental needs of the elderly, while home appliance makers need to further expand application scenarios, striking a balance between technological iteration and user education.

\n

In order to meet the older generation's personalized needs and rising willingness and ability to spend on high-quality goods, he stressed the need to establish standards for senior-oriented home appliances and launch more intelligent home products, such as nursing and housekeeping robots for senior citizens.

\n

Zhang Subing, chief expert at the China Electronics Standardization Institute, said more efforts should be made to strengthen technological innovation, improve product design and enhance after-sales support for the elderly, with a key focus on embedding AI and health-oriented functions into intelligent terminal devices.

\n

fanfeifei@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "content": "

Seniors check out air conditioners at a shopping center in Shanghai.

\n\n

As China's silver economy is gaining growth momentum, top Chinese home appliance makers are ramping up efforts to launch products suitable for seniors — a demographic that has shown an increasing demand for diversified, easy-to-use and health-oriented household appliances.

\n

Experts said that with functions such as intelligent voice interaction and health monitoring powered by artificial intelligence technology being increasingly integrated into home appliances, it will be more convenient for seniors to use these intelligent and innovative products, creating new consumption growth drivers.

\n

Chinese home appliance giant Haier Group has developed AI-driven rehabilitation robots, which can provide personalized rehab plans based on the physical conditions of the elderly. The company has rolled out toilets designed for seniors who have mobility issues, as well as showers and bathrooms with constant temperature control systems and voice recognition functionality.

\n

Hisense Group has launched televisions equipped with medical-level vision protection technology that is in accordance with the viewing habits and preferences of the elderly. Seniors can play games, engage in physical exercise, make purchases online and have video chats with their friends and family members via the intelligent TVs.

\n

The company is also collaborating with top-tier hospitals across the nation to develop healthcare management platforms.

\n

Sichuan Changhong Electronic Holding Group has developed a smart eldercare system, enabling interconnections of home appliances, medical devices and security systems, and its AI-powered TV sets can understand the needs of seniors and remind them of taking medications on time.

\n

Eyeing the immense business opportunities from China's silver economy and a rapidly aging population, major home appliance makers are stepping up research and development and technological innovation of senior-friendly products to satisfy the diversified demands of the expanding demographic, said Jiang Feng, president of the China Household Electrical Appliances Association.

\n

Jiang said traditional home appliance products are highly homogenized, while the niche market targeting seniors is still in its initial stages, which will create new sources of revenue for home appliance companies.

\n

Beijing-based market consultancy All View Cloud said the scale of China's senior-friendly home appliance market will exceed 100 billion yuan ($14 billion) in 2025 and is expected to reach 1 trillion yuan in 2030.

\n

According to the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the nation's elderly population is projected to grow by more than 10 million annually over the next decade. By 2035, the silver economy is expected to account for 9 percent of China's GDP.

\n

China has released a guideline aimed at building up a solid services system for the elderly by 2029, as part of a broader push to better cope with the aging population and improve the quality of life for seniors.

\n

According to the guideline, the central authorities encourage companies to develop and promote products for the elderly — either high-tech electrical appliances or tourism products — and enrich services for them, aiming for a prosperous silver economy.

\n

China's silver economy is expected to grow from 7 trillion yuan in 2024 to 30 trillion yuan in 2035, said the China Research Center on Aging.

\n

Liang Zhenpeng, an independent consumer electronics analyst, said that as smart air conditioners can automatically adjust room temperatures and AI TVs can broadcast personal health information, household appliances are becoming "emotional companions" for the elderly.

\n

With the help of AI, senior-friendly home appliances are creating a safer, more comfortable and smarter home environment for silver-haired residents, Liang said, adding that these products should cater to the fundamental needs of the elderly, while home appliance makers need to further expand application scenarios, striking a balance between technological iteration and user education.

\n

In order to meet the older generation's personalized needs and rising willingness and ability to spend on high-quality goods, he stressed the need to establish standards for senior-oriented home appliances and launch more intelligent home products, such as nursing and housekeeping robots for senior citizens.

\n

Zhang Subing, chief expert at the China Electronics Standardization Institute, said more efforts should be made to strengthen technological innovation, improve product design and enhance after-sales support for the elderly, with a key focus on embedding AI and health-oriented functions into intelligent terminal devices.

\n

fanfeifei@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_014_68a79438ed50ccabe1517f6f.htm#014BUSINESS", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "66d9f1f86c23489d5f5b8a2ddf1dd94d", + "hash": "2fd7f23c70aef43dc6110f4dc0f67492", "highlights": [] }, { @@ -5039,6 +3169,28 @@ "hash": "9403257187ea5bb7661eda153297cc59", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "Xinhua photos of the day", + "description": "

\"\"

A boy is pictured with a sheep at a sheep market before the upcoming Eid al-Adha on the outskirts of Cairo, Egypt, on June 4, 2025. (Xinhua/Ahmed Gomaa)

\"\"

A rescuer moves relief supplies at Baicao Village of Eryuan County in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, southwest China's Yunnan Province, June 5, 2025.

A 5.0-magnitude earthquake struck Eryuan County at 4:31 a.m. Thursday (Beijing Time), according to the China Earthquake Networks Center (CENC).

The epicenter was monitored at 26.26 degrees north latitude and 100.03 degrees east longitude. The quake struck at a depth of 10 km, said a report issued by the CENC.

The quake was strongly felt in Eryuan County, Dali City and Heqing County, waking some residents. Local authorities in Eryuan County have promptly initiated an emergency response, with townships assessing the impact. (Photo by Luo Xincai/Xinhua)

\"\"

An aerial drone photo taken on June 4, 2025 shows tourists visiting the Hukou Waterfall on the Yellow River on the border between north China's Shanxi Province and northwest China's Shaanxi Province. (Xinhua/Zhang Bowen)

\"\"

Representatives vote on a draft resolution during a UN Security Council meeting at the UN headquarters in New York, on June 4, 2025.

The United States on Wednesday vetoed a Security Council draft resolution that would have demanded an immediate ceasefire in Gaza and the immediate lifting of all restrictions on humanitarian aid. (Xinhua/Xie E)

\"\"

A conference officer collects ballots during a UN General Assembly meeting to elect members of the UN Economic and Social Council at the UN headquarters in New York, on June 4, 2025.

Eighteen states, including China, were elected on Wednesday into the UN Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC), the coordinating body for the economic and social work of UN agencies and funds, for a three-year term. (Manuel Elias/UN Photo/Handout via Xinhua)

\"\"

An aerial drone photo taken on June 4, 2025 shows a black-necked crane at Qinghai Longbao National Nature Reserve, Yushu City of Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, northwest China's Qinghai Province.

With lush water and pastures, Qinghai Longbao National Nature Reserve is a key station and breeding ground for migratory birds.

According to monitoring data of May this year, 37 species of birds including bar-headed geese and black necked cranes inhabited here. (Photo by Du Xiaowei/Xinhua)

\"\"

Dong Yuhan (C) and Wu Mengjie (R) of China celebrate after winning the pool 3 match between China and Belgium at the Women's Volleyball Nations League (VNL) 2025 at the National Indoor Stadium in Beijing, China, June 4, 2025.

Host China kicked off its Volleyball Nations League (VNL) Beijing leg in style with a straight-set victory over Belgium on Wednesday, winning 25-18, 27-25, 25-13 at the National Indoor Stadium. (Xinhua/Ju Huanzong)

\"\"

An aerial drone photo taken on June 4, 2025 shows primary school students painting during an environmental protection-themed event in Xinghua City, east China's Jiangsu Province.

Various events are held to raise people's awareness of environmental protection in China ahead of World Environment Day, which falls on June 5. (Photo by Zhou Shegen/Xinhua)

\"\"

Lee Jae-myung takes the oath of office in the National Assembly building in Seoul, South Korea, June 4, 2025.

Lee Jae-myung was sworn in as South Korea's new president on Wednesday after formally beginning his single five-year term earlier in the day. (Xinhua)

\"\"

Zheng Qinwen reacts during the women's singles quarterfinal between Zheng Qinwen of China and Aryna Sabalenka of Belarus at the French Open tennis tournament at Roland Garros, Paris, France, June 3, 2025.

China's tennis sensation Zheng Qinwen lost to world No. 1 Aryna Sabalenka of Belarus 7-6 (3), 6-3 in the French Open women's singles quarterfinals here on Tuesday. (Xinhua/Gao Jing)

\"\"

A Palestinian woman mourns a victim killed in an Israeli airstrike, at Al-Shifa Hospital in Gaza City, on June 4, 2025.

At least 54,510 people have been killed and 124,901 wounded in Gaza during the Israeli military campaign, according to health authorities in the territory. (Photo by Mahmoud Zaki/Xinhua)

Source: Xinhua

", + "content": "

\"\"

A boy is pictured with a sheep at a sheep market before the upcoming Eid al-Adha on the outskirts of Cairo, Egypt, on June 4, 2025. (Xinhua/Ahmed Gomaa)

\"\"

A rescuer moves relief supplies at Baicao Village of Eryuan County in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, southwest China's Yunnan Province, June 5, 2025.

A 5.0-magnitude earthquake struck Eryuan County at 4:31 a.m. Thursday (Beijing Time), according to the China Earthquake Networks Center (CENC).

The epicenter was monitored at 26.26 degrees north latitude and 100.03 degrees east longitude. The quake struck at a depth of 10 km, said a report issued by the CENC.

The quake was strongly felt in Eryuan County, Dali City and Heqing County, waking some residents. Local authorities in Eryuan County have promptly initiated an emergency response, with townships assessing the impact. (Photo by Luo Xincai/Xinhua)

\"\"

An aerial drone photo taken on June 4, 2025 shows tourists visiting the Hukou Waterfall on the Yellow River on the border between north China's Shanxi Province and northwest China's Shaanxi Province. (Xinhua/Zhang Bowen)

\"\"

Representatives vote on a draft resolution during a UN Security Council meeting at the UN headquarters in New York, on June 4, 2025.

The United States on Wednesday vetoed a Security Council draft resolution that would have demanded an immediate ceasefire in Gaza and the immediate lifting of all restrictions on humanitarian aid. (Xinhua/Xie E)

\"\"

A conference officer collects ballots during a UN General Assembly meeting to elect members of the UN Economic and Social Council at the UN headquarters in New York, on June 4, 2025.

Eighteen states, including China, were elected on Wednesday into the UN Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC), the coordinating body for the economic and social work of UN agencies and funds, for a three-year term. (Manuel Elias/UN Photo/Handout via Xinhua)

\"\"

An aerial drone photo taken on June 4, 2025 shows a black-necked crane at Qinghai Longbao National Nature Reserve, Yushu City of Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, northwest China's Qinghai Province.

With lush water and pastures, Qinghai Longbao National Nature Reserve is a key station and breeding ground for migratory birds.

According to monitoring data of May this year, 37 species of birds including bar-headed geese and black necked cranes inhabited here. (Photo by Du Xiaowei/Xinhua)

\"\"

Dong Yuhan (C) and Wu Mengjie (R) of China celebrate after winning the pool 3 match between China and Belgium at the Women's Volleyball Nations League (VNL) 2025 at the National Indoor Stadium in Beijing, China, June 4, 2025.

Host China kicked off its Volleyball Nations League (VNL) Beijing leg in style with a straight-set victory over Belgium on Wednesday, winning 25-18, 27-25, 25-13 at the National Indoor Stadium. (Xinhua/Ju Huanzong)

\"\"

An aerial drone photo taken on June 4, 2025 shows primary school students painting during an environmental protection-themed event in Xinghua City, east China's Jiangsu Province.

Various events are held to raise people's awareness of environmental protection in China ahead of World Environment Day, which falls on June 5. (Photo by Zhou Shegen/Xinhua)

\"\"

Lee Jae-myung takes the oath of office in the National Assembly building in Seoul, South Korea, June 4, 2025.

Lee Jae-myung was sworn in as South Korea's new president on Wednesday after formally beginning his single five-year term earlier in the day. (Xinhua)

\"\"

Zheng Qinwen reacts during the women's singles quarterfinal between Zheng Qinwen of China and Aryna Sabalenka of Belarus at the French Open tennis tournament at Roland Garros, Paris, France, June 3, 2025.

China's tennis sensation Zheng Qinwen lost to world No. 1 Aryna Sabalenka of Belarus 7-6 (3), 6-3 in the French Open women's singles quarterfinals here on Tuesday. (Xinhua/Gao Jing)

\"\"

A Palestinian woman mourns a victim killed in an Israeli airstrike, at Al-Shifa Hospital in Gaza City, on June 4, 2025.

At least 54,510 people have been killed and 124,901 wounded in Gaza during the Israeli military campaign, according to health authorities in the territory. (Photo by Mahmoud Zaki/Xinhua)

Source: Xinhua

", + "category": "", + "link": "http://english.people.com.cn/n3/2025/0605/c90000-20323910.html", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Thu, 05 Jun 2025 16:36:30 +0800", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "人民网英语", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "05bdcb3d99bf092a505f0c504b8095e5", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "Chinese VP to attend UN Ocean Conference in France, visit Spain", "description": "

BEIJING, June 5 (Xinhua) -- Chinese Vice President Han Zheng will attend the UN Ocean Conference in Nice, France and visit Spain upon invitation from June 7 to 13, a Chinese foreign ministry spokesperson announced on Thursday.

Source: Xinhua

", @@ -5061,6 +3213,908 @@ "hash": "9db99693e8e3c0d1f88bc063a472583d", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "China's economy on steady upward trajectory amid external challenges: official", + "description": "

BEIJING, June 5 (Xinhua) -- Building on a positive start in the first quarter of 2025, China's economy is continuing to make steady progress, said Ding Lin, an official with the National Development and Reform Commission.

Speaking on the latest episode of China Economic Roundtable, an all-media talk show hosted by Xinhua News Agency, Ding noted that despite a complex external environment, China's economy has remained resilient. Notably, key indicators like industrial production, the service sector, domestic demand and exports have shown robust growth.

Ding emphasized China's innovative dynamism, citing 10-percent growth in the high-tech manufacturing sector in April, nearly 4 percentage points higher than the country's overall industrial growth rate.

Ding also highlighted the accelerated development of industries such as drones, new energy vehicles, artificial intelligence and humanoid robots.

\"In general, as pro-growth measures are swiftly implemented, their effects will continue to emerge, further promoting the country's high-quality economic development,\" Ding added.

China's GDP grew by 5.4 percent year on year in the first quarter of 2025.

Source: Xinhua

", + "content": "

BEIJING, June 5 (Xinhua) -- Building on a positive start in the first quarter of 2025, China's economy is continuing to make steady progress, said Ding Lin, an official with the National Development and Reform Commission.

Speaking on the latest episode of China Economic Roundtable, an all-media talk show hosted by Xinhua News Agency, Ding noted that despite a complex external environment, China's economy has remained resilient. Notably, key indicators like industrial production, the service sector, domestic demand and exports have shown robust growth.

Ding emphasized China's innovative dynamism, citing 10-percent growth in the high-tech manufacturing sector in April, nearly 4 percentage points higher than the country's overall industrial growth rate.

Ding also highlighted the accelerated development of industries such as drones, new energy vehicles, artificial intelligence and humanoid robots.

\"In general, as pro-growth measures are swiftly implemented, their effects will continue to emerge, further promoting the country's high-quality economic development,\" Ding added.

China's GDP grew by 5.4 percent year on year in the first quarter of 2025.

Source: Xinhua

", + "category": "", + "link": "http://english.people.com.cn/n3/2025/0605/c90000-20323906.html", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Thu, 05 Jun 2025 16:33:40 +0800", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "人民网英语", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "70391c560d13fa2ded36785145ef6474", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "001FRONT - Happy birthday", + "description": "

Female giant panda twins Meng Hao and Meng Tian, whose German names are Leni and Lotti, play in their enclosure at Berlin Zoo in Germany on Friday, celebrating their first birthday.

\n

", + "content": "

Female giant panda twins Meng Hao and Meng Tian, whose German names are Leni and Lotti, play in their enclosure at Berlin Zoo in Germany on Friday, celebrating their first birthday.

\n

", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_001_68a8e298ed50ccabe15180b3.htm#001FRONT", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "a00d6fa7358b20e951592cb5ecee19c8", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "001FRONT - Plush 'meat pie' toys give Tibetan culture fresh look", + "description": "

A plush Shapaley "meat pie" toy.

\n

Now you can hug your favorite traditional food from the high-altitude Xizang autonomous region. That's right, food. You can even take it to bed with you.

\n

It's a new cultural brand called Shapaley, which uses the Tibetan word for "meat pie" to connect with ordinary life on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It's turning some familiar flavors and other iconic symbols into cuddly keepsakes and winning hearts on Chinese social media.

\n

Developed by the Xizang Performing Arts Company, the line of plush toys reimagines Tibetan icons — noodles, for example — as huggable friends that make traditional culture playful, portable and relatable.

\n

In the first two weeks since the launch of the first series, around 1,500 units have been sold across China, with orders coming mainly from short-video platform Douyin's shopping section and co-branded pop-up events.

\n

"Tibetan noodles are a familiar taste in the everyday life of Xizang, so we wanted to spin this ordinary flavor into a portable memory. We want it to become a warm new Tibetan specialty in people's hearts," said Fu Shiyu, head of the company's product development department.

\n

The concept taps into a nationwide craze for culturally resonant plush toys, following the lead of brands such as Jellycat and the growing trend of city-themed cultural products.

\n

"When we saw the cultural and tourism sector across the country launching toys based on iconic local symbols, we felt Tibetan culture had huge untapped potential," Fu said. "Because no one had yet ventured into this space, we decided to start with the foods we know best."

\n

The rollout of products features familiar objects in a fun form. For instance, a plush Shapaley "meat pie" replica doubles as a coin purse. A thought-provoking "flowers on cow dung" toy reflects Tibetan humor. A Potala Palace-shaped huggie has quickly become a must-have souvenir for visitors.

\n

The 10-member design team, most of them local employees, is committed to giving Tibetan culture a fresh and hip look. Their main sales channel is Douyin, while they partner with cultural and creative shops for on-site consignment sales.

\n

They also stage interactive events. At a recent outdoor picnic, for example, staff members dressed as tea house owners staged playful noodle-cooking scenes. The immersive approach makes the beloved reallife products come alive, Fu said.

\n

"Many people have said they're happy to finally have a cultural product that represents Tibetan lifestyle, and they're urging us to design more," she said.

\n

Tenzin Sherab, a Tibetan employee, said cultural symbols from everyday life resonate. "The first series of Shapaley products takes a new approach, and it's quite a good one; but it's also a significant challenge," he said, adding that the team hopes to steadily improve the products.

\n

The company has produced plush versions not only of Tibetan noodles, but also of butter tea churns and tea bowls. Each design reflects a familiar aspect of Tibetan lifestyle, recast in a charming, portable and collectible form.

\n

Encouraged by the strong positive feedback, the team is already working on a second series and promises new designs blending creativity with the roots of Tibetan culture. "We hope to keep improving and innovating," said Tenzin Sherab. "This is just the start of a journey to make Tibetan culture warm, friendly and easy to share."

\n

Contact the writers at palden_nyima@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "content": "

A plush Shapaley "meat pie" toy.

\n

Now you can hug your favorite traditional food from the high-altitude Xizang autonomous region. That's right, food. You can even take it to bed with you.

\n

It's a new cultural brand called Shapaley, which uses the Tibetan word for "meat pie" to connect with ordinary life on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It's turning some familiar flavors and other iconic symbols into cuddly keepsakes and winning hearts on Chinese social media.

\n

Developed by the Xizang Performing Arts Company, the line of plush toys reimagines Tibetan icons — noodles, for example — as huggable friends that make traditional culture playful, portable and relatable.

\n

In the first two weeks since the launch of the first series, around 1,500 units have been sold across China, with orders coming mainly from short-video platform Douyin's shopping section and co-branded pop-up events.

\n

"Tibetan noodles are a familiar taste in the everyday life of Xizang, so we wanted to spin this ordinary flavor into a portable memory. We want it to become a warm new Tibetan specialty in people's hearts," said Fu Shiyu, head of the company's product development department.

\n

The concept taps into a nationwide craze for culturally resonant plush toys, following the lead of brands such as Jellycat and the growing trend of city-themed cultural products.

\n

"When we saw the cultural and tourism sector across the country launching toys based on iconic local symbols, we felt Tibetan culture had huge untapped potential," Fu said. "Because no one had yet ventured into this space, we decided to start with the foods we know best."

\n

The rollout of products features familiar objects in a fun form. For instance, a plush Shapaley "meat pie" replica doubles as a coin purse. A thought-provoking "flowers on cow dung" toy reflects Tibetan humor. A Potala Palace-shaped huggie has quickly become a must-have souvenir for visitors.

\n

The 10-member design team, most of them local employees, is committed to giving Tibetan culture a fresh and hip look. Their main sales channel is Douyin, while they partner with cultural and creative shops for on-site consignment sales.

\n

They also stage interactive events. At a recent outdoor picnic, for example, staff members dressed as tea house owners staged playful noodle-cooking scenes. The immersive approach makes the beloved reallife products come alive, Fu said.

\n

"Many people have said they're happy to finally have a cultural product that represents Tibetan lifestyle, and they're urging us to design more," she said.

\n

Tenzin Sherab, a Tibetan employee, said cultural symbols from everyday life resonate. "The first series of Shapaley products takes a new approach, and it's quite a good one; but it's also a significant challenge," he said, adding that the team hopes to steadily improve the products.

\n

The company has produced plush versions not only of Tibetan noodles, but also of butter tea churns and tea bowls. Each design reflects a familiar aspect of Tibetan lifestyle, recast in a charming, portable and collectible form.

\n

Encouraged by the strong positive feedback, the team is already working on a second series and promises new designs blending creativity with the roots of Tibetan culture. "We hope to keep improving and innovating," said Tenzin Sherab. "This is just the start of a journey to make Tibetan culture warm, friendly and easy to share."

\n

Contact the writers at palden_nyima@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_001_68a8e2a1ed50ccabe15180b5.htm#001FRONT", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "186c382f90c3968da71bc42090c0e219", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "002CHINA - Steps taken to boost domestic consumption", + "description": "

China will take multipronged steps, including fiscal, tax and financial policies, to unleash greater domestic demand potential, the State Council — the country's Cabinet — said on Friday.

\n

Policymakers should optimize the implementation mechanism of the consumer goods trade-in program to better leverage its role in expanding domestic demand, according to the State Council executive meeting chaired by Premier Li Qiang.

\n

The National Development and Reform Commission, the country's top economic regulator, said earlier this month that the fourth and final batch of 69 billion yuan ($9.6 billion) in ultra-long-term special treasury bonds will be allocated in October to support the trade-in program, completing the planned 300 billion yuan total for the whole year.

\n

The program has spurred purchases of more than 109 million home appliances, involving more than 66 million consumers, the Ministry of Commerce said in late July.

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Moreover, the program has driven sales of more than 74 million digital devices and nearly 9.06 million electric bicycles, the ministry said.

\n

However, Luo Zhiheng, chief economist at Yuekai Securities, cautioned that as the effectiveness of trade-in programs for boosting durable goods consumption — which kicked off in 2024 — is likely to wane over time, greater efforts should be made to bolster services consumption.

\n

Policymakers could put in place similar incentives earmarked from the fiscal funds to boost consumption in the services sector, as China's current government debt-to-GDP ratio remains relatively low among major economies, Luo added.

\n

In the first half of 2025, China's total retail sales of consumer goods increased 5 percent year-on-year, while retail sales of services grew 5.3 percent, said the National Bureau of Statistics.

\n

To this end, the Friday meeting also called for efforts to stimulate sports consumption demand, including expanding sports consumption scenarios and encouraging localities to host sporting events.

\n

It was stressed at the meeting that greater emphasis should be placed on mobilizing market forces to drive the development of the sports and recreation sector, expand consumption scale, enhance the vitality of sports business entities and promote high-quality growth of the sector overall.

\n

Days ahead of the meeting, the country had unveiled a new loan interest subsidy for businesses in eight eligible categories of the service sectors, including sports, to help them enhance service offerings and spur consumer spending appetites.

\n

Under the initiative, businesses can receive subsidies for loans of up to 1 million yuan. Borrowers will receive a 1 percentage point annual interest rebate for up to one year.

\n

wangkeju@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "content": "

China will take multipronged steps, including fiscal, tax and financial policies, to unleash greater domestic demand potential, the State Council — the country's Cabinet — said on Friday.

\n

Policymakers should optimize the implementation mechanism of the consumer goods trade-in program to better leverage its role in expanding domestic demand, according to the State Council executive meeting chaired by Premier Li Qiang.

\n

The National Development and Reform Commission, the country's top economic regulator, said earlier this month that the fourth and final batch of 69 billion yuan ($9.6 billion) in ultra-long-term special treasury bonds will be allocated in October to support the trade-in program, completing the planned 300 billion yuan total for the whole year.

\n

The program has spurred purchases of more than 109 million home appliances, involving more than 66 million consumers, the Ministry of Commerce said in late July.

\n

Moreover, the program has driven sales of more than 74 million digital devices and nearly 9.06 million electric bicycles, the ministry said.

\n

However, Luo Zhiheng, chief economist at Yuekai Securities, cautioned that as the effectiveness of trade-in programs for boosting durable goods consumption — which kicked off in 2024 — is likely to wane over time, greater efforts should be made to bolster services consumption.

\n

Policymakers could put in place similar incentives earmarked from the fiscal funds to boost consumption in the services sector, as China's current government debt-to-GDP ratio remains relatively low among major economies, Luo added.

\n

In the first half of 2025, China's total retail sales of consumer goods increased 5 percent year-on-year, while retail sales of services grew 5.3 percent, said the National Bureau of Statistics.

\n

To this end, the Friday meeting also called for efforts to stimulate sports consumption demand, including expanding sports consumption scenarios and encouraging localities to host sporting events.

\n

It was stressed at the meeting that greater emphasis should be placed on mobilizing market forces to drive the development of the sports and recreation sector, expand consumption scale, enhance the vitality of sports business entities and promote high-quality growth of the sector overall.

\n

Days ahead of the meeting, the country had unveiled a new loan interest subsidy for businesses in eight eligible categories of the service sectors, including sports, to help them enhance service offerings and spur consumer spending appetites.

\n

Under the initiative, businesses can receive subsidies for loans of up to 1 million yuan. Borrowers will receive a 1 percentage point annual interest rebate for up to one year.

\n

wangkeju@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_002_68a8e2a9ed50ccabe15180b7.htm#002CHINA", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "fbe1d6134de0705700a339abcb94196b", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "002CHINA - Briefly", + "description": "

INNER MONGOLIA

\n

Government head under probe

\n

Wang Lixia, chairwoman of the Inner Mongolia autonomous regional government, is under investigation for suspected serious violations of Party discipline and national laws, the Communist Party of China Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the National Commission of Supervision said on Friday, without elaborating further. Publicly available information shows that Wang, 61, a native of Liaoning province, started her career in September 1985 and joined the Party in December 1992. Before she was transferred to Inner Mongolia to work in October 2016, she had served at various positions in Shaanxi province, including head of the Shaanxi statistics department, mayor of Tongchuan and vice-governor of Shaanxi. She became the deputy Party secretary of the Inner Mongolia autonomous region and chairwoman of the regional government in 2021.

\n

BEIJING

\n

Special broiler chickens exported to Saudi Arabia

\n

China recently shipped its first batch of Guangming 2 white-feather broiler chickens to Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, marking a new step in the expansion of independently bred and high-quality poultry genetics to the Middle East market. Developed by the Institute of Animal Science of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, together with domestic agricultural enterprises, Guangming 2 is one of China's first nationally approved white-feather broiler breeds, with production performance rivaling leading international breeds, according to the CAAS. The variety incorporates advanced technologies such as the Jingxin 1 breeding chip for genomic selection and intelligent phenotyping, doubling the speed of genetic progress. It also has a 35.2 percent lower incidence of muscle abnormalities compared to international lines. The exports point to growing agricultural cooperation between the two countries, apart from existing collaboration in breeding technologies and demonstration farms. Before entering the Saudi market, Guangming 2 had already been exported to other countries, including Pakistan and Tajikistan.

\n

", + "content": "

INNER MONGOLIA

\n

Government head under probe

\n

Wang Lixia, chairwoman of the Inner Mongolia autonomous regional government, is under investigation for suspected serious violations of Party discipline and national laws, the Communist Party of China Central Commission for Discipline Inspection and the National Commission of Supervision said on Friday, without elaborating further. Publicly available information shows that Wang, 61, a native of Liaoning province, started her career in September 1985 and joined the Party in December 1992. Before she was transferred to Inner Mongolia to work in October 2016, she had served at various positions in Shaanxi province, including head of the Shaanxi statistics department, mayor of Tongchuan and vice-governor of Shaanxi. She became the deputy Party secretary of the Inner Mongolia autonomous region and chairwoman of the regional government in 2021.

\n

BEIJING

\n

Special broiler chickens exported to Saudi Arabia

\n

China recently shipped its first batch of Guangming 2 white-feather broiler chickens to Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, marking a new step in the expansion of independently bred and high-quality poultry genetics to the Middle East market. Developed by the Institute of Animal Science of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, together with domestic agricultural enterprises, Guangming 2 is one of China's first nationally approved white-feather broiler breeds, with production performance rivaling leading international breeds, according to the CAAS. The variety incorporates advanced technologies such as the Jingxin 1 breeding chip for genomic selection and intelligent phenotyping, doubling the speed of genetic progress. It also has a 35.2 percent lower incidence of muscle abnormalities compared to international lines. The exports point to growing agricultural cooperation between the two countries, apart from existing collaboration in breeding technologies and demonstration farms. Before entering the Saudi market, Guangming 2 had already been exported to other countries, including Pakistan and Tajikistan.

\n

", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_002_68a8e2b2ed50ccabe15180b9.htm#002CHINA", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "1be147d3d3d8e36677afb258ac3c51d2", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "002CHINA - 12 dead, 4 missing after bridge collapses in Qinghai", + "description": "

An aerial drone photo taken on Friday shows the site of a bridge construction accident on the Qinghai section of the Sichuan-Qinghai Railway in Qinghai province.

\n

Twelve people have been confirmed dead and four remain missing as of 6 pm Friday due to a steel cable failure at a bridge construction site in Northwest China's Qinghai province earlier in the day.

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The accident occurred around 3 am at the under-construction bridge on the Qinghai section of the Sichuan-Qinghai Railway, where 16 workers were on site at the time, according to Xinhua News Agency. The failure caused a 108-meter steel girder arch rib to collapse.

\n

The Ministry of Emergency Management has promptly dispatched a team to the site to oversee rescue operations and coordinate rescue efforts, focusing on searching for people who fell into the water.

\n

The ministry confirmed that it would determine the cause of the accident as soon as possible, and undertake decisive measures to prevent similar incidents in the future.

\n

China Central Television reported more than 806 rescuers have joined search and rescue efforts since the accident happened, with 91 vehicles, 27 boats, one helicopter and five robots deployed. Additionally, six hospitals have opened quick channels to provide medical aid for victims.

\n

As of press time, coordinated rescue operations, as well as efforts to comfort affected families, were ongoing.

\n

The bridge — located at the border between Jainca county in the Huangnan Tibetan autonomous prefecture and Hualong Hui autonomous county in Haidong — is the first steel truss arch railway bridge in China to cross the Yellow River, according to People's Daily.

\n

Qinghai Daily previously reported that two cable towers on either side of the bridge were completed on June 14, with its main bridge originally expected to be joined by the end of this month. The maximum cable force on the side spans of the bridge reaches 1,161 metric tons, equivalent to the weight of 750 small cars, and each tower weighs 1,800 tons, with the largest segment weighing 45 tons. The installation precision of the towers is directly related to the safety and success of the subsequent steel support beam, it said.

\n

Public information shows that the bridge, one of the key projects of its type on the Sichuan-Qinghai Railway, has a length of over 1,596 meters, with the arch's apex standing 130 meters above the water's surface, equivalent to the height of more than 40 stories. Its deck is 55 meters above the Yellow River's surface.

\n

caoyin@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "content": "

An aerial drone photo taken on Friday shows the site of a bridge construction accident on the Qinghai section of the Sichuan-Qinghai Railway in Qinghai province.

\n

Twelve people have been confirmed dead and four remain missing as of 6 pm Friday due to a steel cable failure at a bridge construction site in Northwest China's Qinghai province earlier in the day.

\n

The accident occurred around 3 am at the under-construction bridge on the Qinghai section of the Sichuan-Qinghai Railway, where 16 workers were on site at the time, according to Xinhua News Agency. The failure caused a 108-meter steel girder arch rib to collapse.

\n

The Ministry of Emergency Management has promptly dispatched a team to the site to oversee rescue operations and coordinate rescue efforts, focusing on searching for people who fell into the water.

\n

The ministry confirmed that it would determine the cause of the accident as soon as possible, and undertake decisive measures to prevent similar incidents in the future.

\n

China Central Television reported more than 806 rescuers have joined search and rescue efforts since the accident happened, with 91 vehicles, 27 boats, one helicopter and five robots deployed. Additionally, six hospitals have opened quick channels to provide medical aid for victims.

\n

As of press time, coordinated rescue operations, as well as efforts to comfort affected families, were ongoing.

\n

The bridge — located at the border between Jainca county in the Huangnan Tibetan autonomous prefecture and Hualong Hui autonomous county in Haidong — is the first steel truss arch railway bridge in China to cross the Yellow River, according to People's Daily.

\n

Qinghai Daily previously reported that two cable towers on either side of the bridge were completed on June 14, with its main bridge originally expected to be joined by the end of this month. The maximum cable force on the side spans of the bridge reaches 1,161 metric tons, equivalent to the weight of 750 small cars, and each tower weighs 1,800 tons, with the largest segment weighing 45 tons. The installation precision of the towers is directly related to the safety and success of the subsequent steel support beam, it said.

\n

Public information shows that the bridge, one of the key projects of its type on the Sichuan-Qinghai Railway, has a length of over 1,596 meters, with the arch's apex standing 130 meters above the water's surface, equivalent to the height of more than 40 stories. Its deck is 55 meters above the Yellow River's surface.

\n

caoyin@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_002_68a8e2bbed50ccabe15180bb.htm#002CHINA", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "afa40843ccf1e6c3d617fae63cc59375", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "002CHINA - A-share rally draws global investors", + "description": "

While the A-share market has recently hit multiple new records, foreign investors remain optimistic about its performance in the coming months, increasing their exposure to Chinese equities in anticipation of further capital inflows and structural opportunities.

\n

The benchmark Shanghai Composite Index gained 1.45 percent on Friday to close at 3,825.76 points, its highest level in 10 years. The combined trading value on the Shanghai and Shenzhen exchanges approached 2.55 trillion yuan ($360 billion), surpassing the 2-trillion-yuan mark for the eighth consecutive trading day, and setting a new record for sustained high trading volume in the A-share market.

\n

Analysts from US investment bank Goldman Sachs said the rally is backed by more driving forces, as a significant amount of idle capital has yet to enter the market.

\n

Only 22 percent of Chinese household financial assets have been directed to funds and stocks, while over 10 trillion yuan is estimated to flow into the stock market, especially favoring small and mid-cap stocks, they said.

\n

The latest data from the People's Bank of China, the nation's central bank, showed that the balance of Chinese household savings declined significantly by 1.1 trillion yuan in July, while non-bank deposits surged by a record 2.14 trillion yuan. This suggests that residents have shifted their savings into securities accounts, or used them to purchase funds and wealth management products, industry experts said.

\n

Hong Hao, chief investment officer of the multi-asset offshore US dollar hedge fund Lotus Asset Management, said that many more stocks are participating in the current uptrend, ranging from mega caps such as traditional financial companies to small — and micro-cap stocks. As a result, the current rally is not driven by speculation and is likely to be more sustainable than previous ones, he said.

\n

International investors have acted quickly. According to data from Goldman Sachs' Prime Brokerage for hedge funds, China was the market receiving the largest net buying from global hedge funds in August, with 90 percent of them holding long positions in Chinese equities.

\n

Similarly, a Nomura report released on Wednesday showed that reducing exposure to Indian shares while reallocating capital to stocks listed in the Chinese mainland and Hong Kong has become a mainstream strategy among emerging market investors.

\n

As of Wednesday, South Korean investors had directed $5.8 billion toward trading Hong Kong stocks, according to the Korea Securities Depository. This amount has already surpassed the full-year total in 2024.

\n

Foreign investors' net increased holdings in Chinese onshore stocks and funds reached $18.8 billion in May and June, according to analysts from Soochow Securities. Foreign capital may continue to flow into the A-share market amid a weaker US dollar, they added.

\n

According to Johnny Yu, macro strategist at the US-based global investment firm Wellington Management, China delivered better-than-expected growth in the first half of this year, but investor sentiment has yet to catch up. He noted that investors have not paid sufficient attention to structural changes in areas such as new consumption and services, AI, robotics, automation, renewables, electrification, biotechnology, and high-end, high-value-added manufacturing.

\n

Major shifts have been taking place in China, including declining reliance on property, greater self-sufficiency and course corrections in industrial policy. Investors may be underestimating a still-positive growth story in China, Yu said.

\n

shijing@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "content": "

While the A-share market has recently hit multiple new records, foreign investors remain optimistic about its performance in the coming months, increasing their exposure to Chinese equities in anticipation of further capital inflows and structural opportunities.

\n

The benchmark Shanghai Composite Index gained 1.45 percent on Friday to close at 3,825.76 points, its highest level in 10 years. The combined trading value on the Shanghai and Shenzhen exchanges approached 2.55 trillion yuan ($360 billion), surpassing the 2-trillion-yuan mark for the eighth consecutive trading day, and setting a new record for sustained high trading volume in the A-share market.

\n

Analysts from US investment bank Goldman Sachs said the rally is backed by more driving forces, as a significant amount of idle capital has yet to enter the market.

\n

Only 22 percent of Chinese household financial assets have been directed to funds and stocks, while over 10 trillion yuan is estimated to flow into the stock market, especially favoring small and mid-cap stocks, they said.

\n

The latest data from the People's Bank of China, the nation's central bank, showed that the balance of Chinese household savings declined significantly by 1.1 trillion yuan in July, while non-bank deposits surged by a record 2.14 trillion yuan. This suggests that residents have shifted their savings into securities accounts, or used them to purchase funds and wealth management products, industry experts said.

\n

Hong Hao, chief investment officer of the multi-asset offshore US dollar hedge fund Lotus Asset Management, said that many more stocks are participating in the current uptrend, ranging from mega caps such as traditional financial companies to small — and micro-cap stocks. As a result, the current rally is not driven by speculation and is likely to be more sustainable than previous ones, he said.

\n

International investors have acted quickly. According to data from Goldman Sachs' Prime Brokerage for hedge funds, China was the market receiving the largest net buying from global hedge funds in August, with 90 percent of them holding long positions in Chinese equities.

\n

Similarly, a Nomura report released on Wednesday showed that reducing exposure to Indian shares while reallocating capital to stocks listed in the Chinese mainland and Hong Kong has become a mainstream strategy among emerging market investors.

\n

As of Wednesday, South Korean investors had directed $5.8 billion toward trading Hong Kong stocks, according to the Korea Securities Depository. This amount has already surpassed the full-year total in 2024.

\n

Foreign investors' net increased holdings in Chinese onshore stocks and funds reached $18.8 billion in May and June, according to analysts from Soochow Securities. Foreign capital may continue to flow into the A-share market amid a weaker US dollar, they added.

\n

According to Johnny Yu, macro strategist at the US-based global investment firm Wellington Management, China delivered better-than-expected growth in the first half of this year, but investor sentiment has yet to catch up. He noted that investors have not paid sufficient attention to structural changes in areas such as new consumption and services, AI, robotics, automation, renewables, electrification, biotechnology, and high-end, high-value-added manufacturing.

\n

Major shifts have been taking place in China, including declining reliance on property, greater self-sufficiency and course corrections in industrial policy. Investors may be underestimating a still-positive growth story in China, Yu said.

\n

shijing@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_002_68a8e2bfed50ccabe15180bd.htm#002CHINA", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "19052b31411a7a9da84cd93ff737e53a", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "004COMMENT - From humanoids to parallel intelligence", + "description": "

Shanghai hosted the 2025 World Artificial Intelligence Conference and the High-Level Meeting on Global AI Governance last month. Earlier this month, Beijing played host to the World Robot Conference and the World Humanoid Robot Games — a dazzling display of China's technological energy, innovation and ambition in the era of "AIR", that is, AI plus robotics.

\n

From AI to embodied intelligence, these technologies are not just tools but also engines set to transform our world. Open, collaborative global development is one of the best ways intelligent science and technology can benefit humanity and help countries achieve sustainable growth.

\n

Tesla and SpaceX founder Elon Musk recently said: "The path to solving hunger, disease, and poverty is AI and robotics." But he was only half-right, because AIR represents only a new paradigm for human survival, a kind of "intelligent air" that sentient life cannot do without.

\n

The real showstopper is the humanoid robot. This was reflected at the World Humanoid Robot Games, which featured 26 events and 487 matches, with more than 500 humanoid robots from 127 brands.

\n

Teams from 16 countries across five continents, including 192 university squads and 88 corporate teams, competed in the games. According to the International Federation of Robotics' Aug 14, 2025, report, "Vision and Reality", humanoid robots are on track to become "the next big thing in robotics".

\n

China, as the world's largest industrial robotics market, has laid out concrete plans and targets, and begun large-scale production and application. The goals are clear: transformation of manufacturing, embedding robotic intelligence in society, and accelerating the rise of a knowledge-driven, intelligent industrial ecosystem.

\n

But behind the glittering spectacle lies serious engineering. Participants tested hardware platforms, multimodal perceptions, decision-making, execution control, communications and energy management. The arena featured a mix of jaw-dropping leaps, awkward tumbles and occasionally comical missteps. They reminded us that humanoid robotics remains a frontier field, full of experimentation and rapid evolution.

\n

The competition highlighted both the performance limits of individual machines and the immense promise of collaboration. To fully realize this potential, open, shared data and model coordination, cross-platform interaction and multi-robot collective intelligence are essential. And with the end of the games, these skills must migrate from the stadium to the real world — factories, hospitals and homes — where robots can continuously improve safety, adaptability and intelligence.

\n

The games were more than a tournament; they were parallel experiments in motion, bringing together AI computational experiments and embodied agents' prescriptive intelligence. The goal was not merely winning medals but also practical, scenario-driven deployment. Robotics divorced from real-world application risks stagnating in low-level, repetitive development.

\n

By testing humanoids under extremely challenging situations, the games publicly assessed motion control, environmental perception and autonomous navigation, embodying the ACP methodology of parallel intelligence: artificial societies plus computational experiments plus parallel execution. Every physical robot has a digital twin in the virtual world. Pre-game algorithm optimization counts as computational experiment; each graceful jump — or spectacular fall — feeds priceless real-world data. This feedback is prescriptive intelligence, guiding the next iteration toward smarter decisions and more effective actions.

\n

The games also acted as a prism, reflecting the broader ecosystem, economic dynamics and social impact of humanoid robotics. First, they showed that intense competition can expose the industry's Achilles' heel. When a robot falters due to the limit of a gearbox or servo motor, the failure is far more visceral than any report.

\n

Second, the games helped reassure investors, redirecting capital from abstract hype to tangible applications, and making sure that enterprises clear core technical bottlenecks and increase real-world deployment.

\n

Third, they proved that robots on the field are athletes, not sci-fi villains. They assuaged the fear that "machines would replace humans" and instead helped many realize the fact that robots will liberate humans from repetitive or dangerous tasks while creating new value and employment opportunities. One minute a robot nails a flawless kick, the next, it trips spectacularly — both moments teach us the importance of persistence, learning and continuous technological development.

\n

And fourth, the games raised a fundamental question: What does AIR really stand for? As scientists like Geoffrey Hinton caution, without careful guidance, AIR could serve capital rather than humanity. Beyond showcasing the "hard power" of robotics, the games provoke reflection on its soft power — policies, ethics and rules shaping its development. True intelligence is not measured by how fast a robot runs but by our ability to craft a safe, inclusive, and sustainable path through the parallel interaction of virtual and physical worlds.

\n

In this sense, the World Humanoid Robot Games are far more than a competition. They are a thought experiment in action, blending spectacle, strategy and social insight. They demonstrate China's leadership in shaping an AIR era that is not only technologically advanced but also ethically grounded, economically rational and socially beneficial — a world where robots will not replace humans but empower them, and where intelligent machines become a true extension of human capability.

\n

The views don't necessarily represent those of China Daily.

\n

", + "content": "

Shanghai hosted the 2025 World Artificial Intelligence Conference and the High-Level Meeting on Global AI Governance last month. Earlier this month, Beijing played host to the World Robot Conference and the World Humanoid Robot Games — a dazzling display of China's technological energy, innovation and ambition in the era of "AIR", that is, AI plus robotics.

\n

From AI to embodied intelligence, these technologies are not just tools but also engines set to transform our world. Open, collaborative global development is one of the best ways intelligent science and technology can benefit humanity and help countries achieve sustainable growth.

\n

Tesla and SpaceX founder Elon Musk recently said: "The path to solving hunger, disease, and poverty is AI and robotics." But he was only half-right, because AIR represents only a new paradigm for human survival, a kind of "intelligent air" that sentient life cannot do without.

\n

The real showstopper is the humanoid robot. This was reflected at the World Humanoid Robot Games, which featured 26 events and 487 matches, with more than 500 humanoid robots from 127 brands.

\n

Teams from 16 countries across five continents, including 192 university squads and 88 corporate teams, competed in the games. According to the International Federation of Robotics' Aug 14, 2025, report, "Vision and Reality", humanoid robots are on track to become "the next big thing in robotics".

\n

China, as the world's largest industrial robotics market, has laid out concrete plans and targets, and begun large-scale production and application. The goals are clear: transformation of manufacturing, embedding robotic intelligence in society, and accelerating the rise of a knowledge-driven, intelligent industrial ecosystem.

\n

But behind the glittering spectacle lies serious engineering. Participants tested hardware platforms, multimodal perceptions, decision-making, execution control, communications and energy management. The arena featured a mix of jaw-dropping leaps, awkward tumbles and occasionally comical missteps. They reminded us that humanoid robotics remains a frontier field, full of experimentation and rapid evolution.

\n

The competition highlighted both the performance limits of individual machines and the immense promise of collaboration. To fully realize this potential, open, shared data and model coordination, cross-platform interaction and multi-robot collective intelligence are essential. And with the end of the games, these skills must migrate from the stadium to the real world — factories, hospitals and homes — where robots can continuously improve safety, adaptability and intelligence.

\n

The games were more than a tournament; they were parallel experiments in motion, bringing together AI computational experiments and embodied agents' prescriptive intelligence. The goal was not merely winning medals but also practical, scenario-driven deployment. Robotics divorced from real-world application risks stagnating in low-level, repetitive development.

\n

By testing humanoids under extremely challenging situations, the games publicly assessed motion control, environmental perception and autonomous navigation, embodying the ACP methodology of parallel intelligence: artificial societies plus computational experiments plus parallel execution. Every physical robot has a digital twin in the virtual world. Pre-game algorithm optimization counts as computational experiment; each graceful jump — or spectacular fall — feeds priceless real-world data. This feedback is prescriptive intelligence, guiding the next iteration toward smarter decisions and more effective actions.

\n

The games also acted as a prism, reflecting the broader ecosystem, economic dynamics and social impact of humanoid robotics. First, they showed that intense competition can expose the industry's Achilles' heel. When a robot falters due to the limit of a gearbox or servo motor, the failure is far more visceral than any report.

\n

Second, the games helped reassure investors, redirecting capital from abstract hype to tangible applications, and making sure that enterprises clear core technical bottlenecks and increase real-world deployment.

\n

Third, they proved that robots on the field are athletes, not sci-fi villains. They assuaged the fear that "machines would replace humans" and instead helped many realize the fact that robots will liberate humans from repetitive or dangerous tasks while creating new value and employment opportunities. One minute a robot nails a flawless kick, the next, it trips spectacularly — both moments teach us the importance of persistence, learning and continuous technological development.

\n

And fourth, the games raised a fundamental question: What does AIR really stand for? As scientists like Geoffrey Hinton caution, without careful guidance, AIR could serve capital rather than humanity. Beyond showcasing the "hard power" of robotics, the games provoke reflection on its soft power — policies, ethics and rules shaping its development. True intelligence is not measured by how fast a robot runs but by our ability to craft a safe, inclusive, and sustainable path through the parallel interaction of virtual and physical worlds.

\n

In this sense, the World Humanoid Robot Games are far more than a competition. They are a thought experiment in action, blending spectacle, strategy and social insight. They demonstrate China's leadership in shaping an AIR era that is not only technologically advanced but also ethically grounded, economically rational and socially beneficial — a world where robots will not replace humans but empower them, and where intelligent machines become a true extension of human capability.

\n

The views don't necessarily represent those of China Daily.

\n

", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_004_68a8e2c8ed50ccabe15180c0.htm#004COMMENT", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "5fa50925174c2ded650c7598f777a41c", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "005BUSINESS - AIGC set to reshape select industries", + "description": "
\n

Chinese tech heavyweight Baidu Inc is doubling down on artificial intelligence-powered video generation models, as fast-growing AI-generated content is reshaping the landscape of short video, film, animation and advertising industries.

\n

Experts said image-to-video generators will improve the quality and efficiency of video generation and significantly reduce the production costs of video, while creating new business opportunities for online searches, cloud computing and the content ecosystem.

\n

Baidu has launched its updated AI-driven video generation model MuseSteamer 2.0, which is designed to empower businesses with the ability to create high-quality and synchronized audiovisual content from simple image inputs and prompts.

\n

Featuring computer vision and natural language processing capacities, the model is able to generate multiple voices and videos simultaneously and overlay realistic ambient sounds with dialogue from various characters, lowering the barrier to premium video production for businesses and content creators.

\n

The company said robust application demands from various commercial scenarios are driving the speedy development of video generation models, and the emergence of AIGC has greatly bolstered multimodal content creation with broad application prospects in fields such as marketing, as well as film and television creation.

\n

The move comes as Baidu aims to carve out a niche in China's growing enterprise-level AI services market, where demand for multimedia content creation tools is rapidly rising.

\n

"AIGC-related technologies will improve the productivity of content production, but the process of developing image-to-video generation models necessitates higher requirements for computing capacity, algorithms and high-quality data," said Pan Helin, a member of the Expert Committee for Information and Communication Economy, which is under the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology.

\n

Chinese tech companies should beef up self-developed and proprietary abilities in underlying computing power chips and programming software, as well as step up investments in basic scientific research, to catch up with foreign counterparts in the AI chatbot race, he said.

\n

Noting that talent, data and computing power are key to image-to-video generation models, Pan added that more efforts are needed to bolster the efficient circulation of data elements, try to achieve breakthroughs in key technologies and expand application scenarios of video generation models in a wider range of segments.

\n

Chen Duan, director of the Digital Economy Integration Innovation Development Center at the Central University of Finance and Economics, said AIGC will unleash people's demand for tools that can help them express their creativity and drive the evolution of commercial models in content production.

\n

Chen said the multimodal large language model, which possesses the ability to generate high-resolution video clips based on given prompts, is an undeniable future development direction for AI technology.

\n

AIGC will lead to a new revolution in the field of digital content production and boost innovation in the digital culture industry, Chen said, adding that although AIGC is still nascent, she is bullish on its prospects.

\n

Other Chinese tech companies are accelerating steps to launch video generators. Video-sharing platform Kuaishou Technology has updated its video generation model Kling that can mimic the physical world and create imaginative scenes from text instructions, while ByteDance has unveiled its AI model for text-to-video generation.

\n

Experts said the text-to-video or image-to-video AI models will further propel China's investment in computing infrastructure, such as data centers and cloud computing platforms, and boost the integration and upgrade in China's AI industrial chain.

\n

Global market research firm International Data Corp said the scale of China's AI market is expected to reach $26.44 billion in 2026, with a compound annual growth rate of over 20 percent between 2021 and 2026.

\n

While there are many positives, the use of such models raises concerns about ethics, copyright protection, personal privacy leakage and data security.

\n

How to ensure the authenticity and transparency of the content has become an important issue, and more efforts are needed to formulate rules and regulations to ensure the healthy development of such technology, said Liu Xingliang, director of the Beijing-based Data Center of China Internet.

\n

fanfeifei@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "content": "
\n

Chinese tech heavyweight Baidu Inc is doubling down on artificial intelligence-powered video generation models, as fast-growing AI-generated content is reshaping the landscape of short video, film, animation and advertising industries.

\n

Experts said image-to-video generators will improve the quality and efficiency of video generation and significantly reduce the production costs of video, while creating new business opportunities for online searches, cloud computing and the content ecosystem.

\n

Baidu has launched its updated AI-driven video generation model MuseSteamer 2.0, which is designed to empower businesses with the ability to create high-quality and synchronized audiovisual content from simple image inputs and prompts.

\n

Featuring computer vision and natural language processing capacities, the model is able to generate multiple voices and videos simultaneously and overlay realistic ambient sounds with dialogue from various characters, lowering the barrier to premium video production for businesses and content creators.

\n

The company said robust application demands from various commercial scenarios are driving the speedy development of video generation models, and the emergence of AIGC has greatly bolstered multimodal content creation with broad application prospects in fields such as marketing, as well as film and television creation.

\n

The move comes as Baidu aims to carve out a niche in China's growing enterprise-level AI services market, where demand for multimedia content creation tools is rapidly rising.

\n

"AIGC-related technologies will improve the productivity of content production, but the process of developing image-to-video generation models necessitates higher requirements for computing capacity, algorithms and high-quality data," said Pan Helin, a member of the Expert Committee for Information and Communication Economy, which is under the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology.

\n

Chinese tech companies should beef up self-developed and proprietary abilities in underlying computing power chips and programming software, as well as step up investments in basic scientific research, to catch up with foreign counterparts in the AI chatbot race, he said.

\n

Noting that talent, data and computing power are key to image-to-video generation models, Pan added that more efforts are needed to bolster the efficient circulation of data elements, try to achieve breakthroughs in key technologies and expand application scenarios of video generation models in a wider range of segments.

\n

Chen Duan, director of the Digital Economy Integration Innovation Development Center at the Central University of Finance and Economics, said AIGC will unleash people's demand for tools that can help them express their creativity and drive the evolution of commercial models in content production.

\n

Chen said the multimodal large language model, which possesses the ability to generate high-resolution video clips based on given prompts, is an undeniable future development direction for AI technology.

\n

AIGC will lead to a new revolution in the field of digital content production and boost innovation in the digital culture industry, Chen said, adding that although AIGC is still nascent, she is bullish on its prospects.

\n

Other Chinese tech companies are accelerating steps to launch video generators. Video-sharing platform Kuaishou Technology has updated its video generation model Kling that can mimic the physical world and create imaginative scenes from text instructions, while ByteDance has unveiled its AI model for text-to-video generation.

\n

Experts said the text-to-video or image-to-video AI models will further propel China's investment in computing infrastructure, such as data centers and cloud computing platforms, and boost the integration and upgrade in China's AI industrial chain.

\n

Global market research firm International Data Corp said the scale of China's AI market is expected to reach $26.44 billion in 2026, with a compound annual growth rate of over 20 percent between 2021 and 2026.

\n

While there are many positives, the use of such models raises concerns about ethics, copyright protection, personal privacy leakage and data security.

\n

How to ensure the authenticity and transparency of the content has become an important issue, and more efforts are needed to formulate rules and regulations to ensure the healthy development of such technology, said Liu Xingliang, director of the Beijing-based Data Center of China Internet.

\n

fanfeifei@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_005_68a8e2d1ed50ccabe15180c2.htm#005BUSINESS", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "6f8ac39039007655a5c93b31474fee67", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "005BUSINESS - Robot chefs cut costs, boost efficiency", + "description": "

Visitors to Robot Mall, a store showcasing embodied intelligent humanoid robots in Beijing's E-Town — the city's leading hub of innovation — watch the demonstration of a robot chef on Aug 8.

\n

Robot chefs are gaining in popularity, on the back of significant cost-effectiveness and excellent quality control.

\n

Robot chefs are not a new concept. For example, the Changsha-based restaurant franchise Bawan uses such robots in its outlets. So far, Bawan has opened over 500 outlets, which have all deployed self-developed robots to cook food. According to its official website, these have now been updated to the third generation.

\n

Xiaocaiyuan, a Hong Kong-listed restaurant specializing in Anhui cuisine, deployed robotic cooks in some of its outlets as early as 2023.

\n

According to the prospectus released by Xiaocaiyuan before its listing, a portion of the funds raised from the public flotation will be used to purchase 3,000 such robots, with a unit price of 50,000 yuan ($6,972) per robot and an estimated total cost of 150 million yuan.

\n

The purchase quantity of 3,000 robot chefs, based on the current number of its over 600 stores, means that on average, each Xiaocaiyuan outlet will deploy about five of these robots.

\n

Several franchise restaurants are also deploying robot chefs, including Nonggengji Hunan Native Cuisine, Jin Ding Xuan, Beijing Micun Technology Co, CSC Group, and Nanchengxiang. They are able to cook highly standardized dishes such as Yuxiang shredded pork, fried eggs with tomato, and Kung Pao Chicken.

\n

Do these cooks really save money? Take Xunxiangdidai, a restaurant that serves Anhui cuisine, as an example. According to the Hongcan Industry Research Institute, by using intelligent devices and traditional stoves, robot chefs shoulder half of the stir-frying jobs, saving up to 60 percent in salaries. Normally, a kitchen needs two human chefs, and their salaries add up to around 18,000 yuan. Robot chefs can, however, operate five to six stoves at a time, greatly cutting down on salaries.

\n

Wang Peng, an associate research fellow at the Beijing Academy of Social Sciences, said: "The labor cost of the catering industry continues to rise, and stir-frying robots can significantly reduce salaries and social security expenses of chefs. Long-term operation can significantly reduce overall costs. At the same time, its efficient operation can improve meal delivery speed, increase the number of customers served per unit time, and thereby increase restaurant revenue."

\n

In addition, robot chefs are able to accurately execute preset programs for cooking, strictly control the heat, seasoning dosage, and meal preparation time, ensuring stable and consistent taste and quality of dishes, which is conducive to shaping a unified brand image for chain catering, and enhancing consumer trust and recognition of the brand, he said.

\n

The current fast-paced lifestyle of consumers requires high efficiency in serving meals. The fast-serving feature of stir-frying robots can meet the demand for instant dining, and has great potential in the fast food and takeaway fields.

\n

Moreover, it conforms to the trend of digital and intelligent transformation of the catering industry, and can deeply integrate with restaurant management systems to optimize operational processes, he added.

\n

Guo Tao, individual angel investor and an expert in the artificial intelligence sector, said: "Although the prospects of robotic cooks are bright, the road ahead is full of challenges. At present, it is difficult to accurately replicate the unique taste and personalized flavor of Chinese cooking at the technical level, and significant breakthroughs are needed in the research and development of complex dishes. In terms of economic costs, high equipment purchase and maintenance costs have deterred many small and medium-sized catering businesses. In the field of health and safety, improper cleaning and disinfection of equipment can easily lead to health hazards."

\n

In addition, the operational programming of the robot chefs requires high digital skills from employees, which undoubtedly increases the difficulty and cost of employee training. How to improve cooking efficiency while also optimizing the taste experience has become the key to whether it can fully replace manual labor, he said.

\n

zhengyiran@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "content": "

Visitors to Robot Mall, a store showcasing embodied intelligent humanoid robots in Beijing's E-Town — the city's leading hub of innovation — watch the demonstration of a robot chef on Aug 8.

\n

Robot chefs are gaining in popularity, on the back of significant cost-effectiveness and excellent quality control.

\n

Robot chefs are not a new concept. For example, the Changsha-based restaurant franchise Bawan uses such robots in its outlets. So far, Bawan has opened over 500 outlets, which have all deployed self-developed robots to cook food. According to its official website, these have now been updated to the third generation.

\n

Xiaocaiyuan, a Hong Kong-listed restaurant specializing in Anhui cuisine, deployed robotic cooks in some of its outlets as early as 2023.

\n

According to the prospectus released by Xiaocaiyuan before its listing, a portion of the funds raised from the public flotation will be used to purchase 3,000 such robots, with a unit price of 50,000 yuan ($6,972) per robot and an estimated total cost of 150 million yuan.

\n

The purchase quantity of 3,000 robot chefs, based on the current number of its over 600 stores, means that on average, each Xiaocaiyuan outlet will deploy about five of these robots.

\n

Several franchise restaurants are also deploying robot chefs, including Nonggengji Hunan Native Cuisine, Jin Ding Xuan, Beijing Micun Technology Co, CSC Group, and Nanchengxiang. They are able to cook highly standardized dishes such as Yuxiang shredded pork, fried eggs with tomato, and Kung Pao Chicken.

\n

Do these cooks really save money? Take Xunxiangdidai, a restaurant that serves Anhui cuisine, as an example. According to the Hongcan Industry Research Institute, by using intelligent devices and traditional stoves, robot chefs shoulder half of the stir-frying jobs, saving up to 60 percent in salaries. Normally, a kitchen needs two human chefs, and their salaries add up to around 18,000 yuan. Robot chefs can, however, operate five to six stoves at a time, greatly cutting down on salaries.

\n

Wang Peng, an associate research fellow at the Beijing Academy of Social Sciences, said: "The labor cost of the catering industry continues to rise, and stir-frying robots can significantly reduce salaries and social security expenses of chefs. Long-term operation can significantly reduce overall costs. At the same time, its efficient operation can improve meal delivery speed, increase the number of customers served per unit time, and thereby increase restaurant revenue."

\n

In addition, robot chefs are able to accurately execute preset programs for cooking, strictly control the heat, seasoning dosage, and meal preparation time, ensuring stable and consistent taste and quality of dishes, which is conducive to shaping a unified brand image for chain catering, and enhancing consumer trust and recognition of the brand, he said.

\n

The current fast-paced lifestyle of consumers requires high efficiency in serving meals. The fast-serving feature of stir-frying robots can meet the demand for instant dining, and has great potential in the fast food and takeaway fields.

\n

Moreover, it conforms to the trend of digital and intelligent transformation of the catering industry, and can deeply integrate with restaurant management systems to optimize operational processes, he added.

\n

Guo Tao, individual angel investor and an expert in the artificial intelligence sector, said: "Although the prospects of robotic cooks are bright, the road ahead is full of challenges. At present, it is difficult to accurately replicate the unique taste and personalized flavor of Chinese cooking at the technical level, and significant breakthroughs are needed in the research and development of complex dishes. In terms of economic costs, high equipment purchase and maintenance costs have deterred many small and medium-sized catering businesses. In the field of health and safety, improper cleaning and disinfection of equipment can easily lead to health hazards."

\n

In addition, the operational programming of the robot chefs requires high digital skills from employees, which undoubtedly increases the difficulty and cost of employee training. How to improve cooking efficiency while also optimizing the taste experience has become the key to whether it can fully replace manual labor, he said.

\n

zhengyiran@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_005_68a8e2daed50ccabe15180c4.htm#005BUSINESS", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "fbe8bd2359a2812e5bbed7e3f5678885", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "005BUSINESS - Pet funeral services giving succor to owners", + "description": "
\n

From engraved paw prints to farewell ceremonies, a growing number of Chinese pet owners are seeking meaningful ways to say goodbye to their companions.

\n

By June, China had more than 8,000 registered enterprises engaged in pet funeral services, with nearly 70 percent of these established within the past three years, according to business data platform Qichacha.

\n

This is a reflection of the fact that for many owners, pets are no longer just animals but family members.

\n

A research report on China's pet funeral market (2022-29) released by marketplace data provider Insight and Info found that over 80 percent of Chinese pet owners now regard their pets as family.

\n

"I used to think holding a funeral for pets was unnecessary when I saw such stories online," said a Beijing-based pet owner surnamed Guo. "But after raising two cats myself, I realized that rituals are not about showing others — it's about giving your own heart a place to rest. Because to me, they are family."

\n

The emotional attachment has directly shaped consumer demand — when pets pass away, 60.4 percent of owners would like to choose a farewell service, while 56.3 percent emphasize appearance preservation, according to a 2024 China pet care white paper published by the Western Institute of Pet Life Science.

\n

Generally, most pet funeral services start with basic cleaning and cremation, typically priced according to the animal's size and weight. Additional offerings often include urns, paw-print keepsakes, portraits, or sculptures.

\n

For example, at Theta Land, a Beijing-based pet aftercare services provider, the average cost ranges from 1,500 yuan ($209) to 2,000 yuan, including farewell rituals, grooming, and cremation, with final rates adjusted by pet weight, said Li Lixin, founder of the company.

\n

As a Taiwan resident now settled in Beijing, Li said she often went back for training during the early days of her business, as the pet aftercare industry there had developed earlier than the Chinese mainland.

\n

"I wanted to bring that experience back to the mainland," she explained.

\n

"The Chinese people, myself included, often avoid talking much about death because of fear or taboo," Li said. "Pet aftercare services have helped me learn how to face death and handle it. I believe that when you truly understand something, you no longer fear it."

\n

Li believes that the domestic market remains in its early stages, with both service quality and consumer awareness still developing. "Once acceptance broadens, the niche sector will unlock enormous potential for the next three to five years," she said.

\n

With rising pet ownership and growing demand for diverse services, the pet funeral market is expected to reach 5 billion yuan in 2025 and surpass 10 billion yuan by the end of 2030, making it one of the fastest-growing segments of the pet industry, according to a report by market information platform ChinaIRN.

\n

Alongside market expansion, standardization has also gained momentum. The launch meeting for the drafting of professional skill evaluation standards for pet funeral specialists, organized by the vocational skill appraisal and guidance center of the All China Federation of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives, was held in Beijing in June.

\n

"The meeting marked a solid and crucial step toward professionalization and standardization in China's pet funeral service industry," said Liang Shengming, an official from the center.

\n

Industry experts also emphasized the need to strengthen regulations, suggesting that the pet aftercare industry should adopt environmentally responsible practices and establish clear governance mechanisms across multiple authorities.

\n

lijiaying@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "content": "
\n

From engraved paw prints to farewell ceremonies, a growing number of Chinese pet owners are seeking meaningful ways to say goodbye to their companions.

\n

By June, China had more than 8,000 registered enterprises engaged in pet funeral services, with nearly 70 percent of these established within the past three years, according to business data platform Qichacha.

\n

This is a reflection of the fact that for many owners, pets are no longer just animals but family members.

\n

A research report on China's pet funeral market (2022-29) released by marketplace data provider Insight and Info found that over 80 percent of Chinese pet owners now regard their pets as family.

\n

"I used to think holding a funeral for pets was unnecessary when I saw such stories online," said a Beijing-based pet owner surnamed Guo. "But after raising two cats myself, I realized that rituals are not about showing others — it's about giving your own heart a place to rest. Because to me, they are family."

\n

The emotional attachment has directly shaped consumer demand — when pets pass away, 60.4 percent of owners would like to choose a farewell service, while 56.3 percent emphasize appearance preservation, according to a 2024 China pet care white paper published by the Western Institute of Pet Life Science.

\n

Generally, most pet funeral services start with basic cleaning and cremation, typically priced according to the animal's size and weight. Additional offerings often include urns, paw-print keepsakes, portraits, or sculptures.

\n

For example, at Theta Land, a Beijing-based pet aftercare services provider, the average cost ranges from 1,500 yuan ($209) to 2,000 yuan, including farewell rituals, grooming, and cremation, with final rates adjusted by pet weight, said Li Lixin, founder of the company.

\n

As a Taiwan resident now settled in Beijing, Li said she often went back for training during the early days of her business, as the pet aftercare industry there had developed earlier than the Chinese mainland.

\n

"I wanted to bring that experience back to the mainland," she explained.

\n

"The Chinese people, myself included, often avoid talking much about death because of fear or taboo," Li said. "Pet aftercare services have helped me learn how to face death and handle it. I believe that when you truly understand something, you no longer fear it."

\n

Li believes that the domestic market remains in its early stages, with both service quality and consumer awareness still developing. "Once acceptance broadens, the niche sector will unlock enormous potential for the next three to five years," she said.

\n

With rising pet ownership and growing demand for diverse services, the pet funeral market is expected to reach 5 billion yuan in 2025 and surpass 10 billion yuan by the end of 2030, making it one of the fastest-growing segments of the pet industry, according to a report by market information platform ChinaIRN.

\n

Alongside market expansion, standardization has also gained momentum. The launch meeting for the drafting of professional skill evaluation standards for pet funeral specialists, organized by the vocational skill appraisal and guidance center of the All China Federation of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives, was held in Beijing in June.

\n

"The meeting marked a solid and crucial step toward professionalization and standardization in China's pet funeral service industry," said Liang Shengming, an official from the center.

\n

Industry experts also emphasized the need to strengthen regulations, suggesting that the pet aftercare industry should adopt environmentally responsible practices and establish clear governance mechanisms across multiple authorities.

\n

lijiaying@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_005_68a8e2e2ed50ccabe15180c6.htm#005BUSINESS", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "afdd528ed7ae7e27ae307ab6756a418c", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "006WORLD - Shared wartime history unites nations, envoy says", + "description": "

Eighty years after China and the United States fought side by side in World War II, Beijing's top envoy in Washington said that the two countries must draw on their shared wartime history and recommit to peaceful coexistence and practical cooperation.

\n

Ambassador Xie Feng delivered the message on Wednesday at an art exhibition at the Chinese embassy marking the 80th anniversary of victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931-45) and the World Anti-Fascist War.

\n

Xie hailed the "heroes" who resisted fascism, from Chinese civilians to foreign volunteers, and recalled how, during what he described as a "decisive war between justice and evil", China and more than 50 nations formed an international anti-fascist front.

\n

"The Flying Tigers soared across the sky to intercept Japanese aggressors, and opened up the treacherous 'Hump Route' over the Roof of the World, writing an epic story in pursuit of peace with their lives," he said.

\n

In 1941, volunteer US pilots, known as the Flying Tigers, fought alongside the Chinese against the Japanese in China.

\n

The ambassador praised foreign artists and journalists, including US illustrator Martha Sawyers and photographer Robert Capa, for rallying support for China during the war.

\n

"Today, to safeguard the post-war international order and protect the Earth, our only home, we still need such heroes, and should act together for peace and for the future," he said.

\n

Xie also pointed to the Doolittle Raid of 1942, when US pilots, running low on fuel after completing their attack on Japan, crash-landed in China.

\n

"Chinese soldiers and civilians spared no effort to rescue the pilots they had never met before," he said.

\n

That wartime experience left a lasting imprint on bilateral ties.

\n

"The friendship between the Chinese and American people was forged amid the trials of blood and fire," Xie said, "and has gained new life and injected fresh impetus into bilateral relations over the years".

\n

"It is a constant reminder that China and the US should see each other as a partner and friend, contribute to one another's success and benefit the whole world; that we should never forget what our two people went through together in the era of war, and should never waver in our commitment to peaceful coexistence and win-win cooperation," he added.

\n

The envoy's message was as much about today as yesterday. The lesson of history, he noted, is that "prejudice, hatred and war will bring nothing but disaster and pain", while cooperation offers the only path forward.

\n

Common interests

\n

"Eight decades ago, our two countries fought against fascism side by side and jointly defended peace and justice. Eight decades later, we have more extensive common interests, broader space for cooperation, and more important international obligations," he said.

\n

As the world's two largest economies and as permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, China and the US share a special and significant responsibility for upholding world peace and stability, and promoting global development and prosperity, Xie said.

\n

Jeffrey Greene, chairman of the Sino-American Aviation Heritage Foundation, also emphasized the importance of remembering the wartime bond.

\n

Echoing Xie, Greene described the sacrifices made by ordinary Chinese in aiding downed US pilots.

\n

"Families risked their lives to hide airmen, dress their wounds and guide them to safety," he said. "Never has one nation's people so consistently risked so much for those of another. This was not merely an alliance. It was humanity at its purest form."

\n

David Frazer, a professor at the Rhode Island School of Design, stressed the role of culture in bridging divides today.

\n

"Despite the political differences that exist today between our great countries, global appreciation for the arts transcends these differences," he said.

\n

More than 200 guests, including US dignitaries, attended the commemorative exhibition, jointly organized with state broadcaster China Central Television.

\n

huanxinzhao@chinadailyusa.com

\n

", + "content": "

Eighty years after China and the United States fought side by side in World War II, Beijing's top envoy in Washington said that the two countries must draw on their shared wartime history and recommit to peaceful coexistence and practical cooperation.

\n

Ambassador Xie Feng delivered the message on Wednesday at an art exhibition at the Chinese embassy marking the 80th anniversary of victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931-45) and the World Anti-Fascist War.

\n

Xie hailed the "heroes" who resisted fascism, from Chinese civilians to foreign volunteers, and recalled how, during what he described as a "decisive war between justice and evil", China and more than 50 nations formed an international anti-fascist front.

\n

"The Flying Tigers soared across the sky to intercept Japanese aggressors, and opened up the treacherous 'Hump Route' over the Roof of the World, writing an epic story in pursuit of peace with their lives," he said.

\n

In 1941, volunteer US pilots, known as the Flying Tigers, fought alongside the Chinese against the Japanese in China.

\n

The ambassador praised foreign artists and journalists, including US illustrator Martha Sawyers and photographer Robert Capa, for rallying support for China during the war.

\n

"Today, to safeguard the post-war international order and protect the Earth, our only home, we still need such heroes, and should act together for peace and for the future," he said.

\n

Xie also pointed to the Doolittle Raid of 1942, when US pilots, running low on fuel after completing their attack on Japan, crash-landed in China.

\n

"Chinese soldiers and civilians spared no effort to rescue the pilots they had never met before," he said.

\n

That wartime experience left a lasting imprint on bilateral ties.

\n

"The friendship between the Chinese and American people was forged amid the trials of blood and fire," Xie said, "and has gained new life and injected fresh impetus into bilateral relations over the years".

\n

"It is a constant reminder that China and the US should see each other as a partner and friend, contribute to one another's success and benefit the whole world; that we should never forget what our two people went through together in the era of war, and should never waver in our commitment to peaceful coexistence and win-win cooperation," he added.

\n

The envoy's message was as much about today as yesterday. The lesson of history, he noted, is that "prejudice, hatred and war will bring nothing but disaster and pain", while cooperation offers the only path forward.

\n

Common interests

\n

"Eight decades ago, our two countries fought against fascism side by side and jointly defended peace and justice. Eight decades later, we have more extensive common interests, broader space for cooperation, and more important international obligations," he said.

\n

As the world's two largest economies and as permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, China and the US share a special and significant responsibility for upholding world peace and stability, and promoting global development and prosperity, Xie said.

\n

Jeffrey Greene, chairman of the Sino-American Aviation Heritage Foundation, also emphasized the importance of remembering the wartime bond.

\n

Echoing Xie, Greene described the sacrifices made by ordinary Chinese in aiding downed US pilots.

\n

"Families risked their lives to hide airmen, dress their wounds and guide them to safety," he said. "Never has one nation's people so consistently risked so much for those of another. This was not merely an alliance. It was humanity at its purest form."

\n

David Frazer, a professor at the Rhode Island School of Design, stressed the role of culture in bridging divides today.

\n

"Despite the political differences that exist today between our great countries, global appreciation for the arts transcends these differences," he said.

\n

More than 200 guests, including US dignitaries, attended the commemorative exhibition, jointly organized with state broadcaster China Central Television.

\n

huanxinzhao@chinadailyusa.com

\n

", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_006_68a8e2ebed50ccabe15180c8.htm#006WORLD", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "5a49c3b6d5c68bb1c3ddfd3a121bb2c5", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "006WORLD - Briefly", + "description": "

EUROPE

\n

EU gets 15% tariff for cars, but no relief for wine

\n

The US and EU released details of a trade deal on Thursday that foresees lower car tariffs but no relief for Europe's wine sector. Brussels said it would push for further concessions. US President Donald Trump and EU Commission President Ursula von der Leyen clinched a framework pact in July for most EU exports to face a 15-percent US levy. But many aspects remained unclear, as the EU sought to win carve-outs for some sectors and Trump threatened higher tariffs on others. A joint statement on Thursday brought some clarity, although negotiations are not over and some moving parts remain. The "maximum, all-inclusive" 15 percent rate would apply to the vast majority of European exports, including cars, pharmaceuticals, semiconductors and lumber, the EU said.

\n

THAILAND

\n

Court acquits former PM of royal insult

\n

Thailand's criminal court on Friday acquitted former prime minister Thaksin Shinawatra on royal defamation charges over his remarks to foreign media a decade ago. Thaksin has been found not guilty due to insufficient evidence to prove his wrongdoing, the court said in a statement. The prosecution's evidence presented failed to meet the burden of proof required for the indictment, said Thaksin's lawyer Winyat Chatmontree. Thaksin thanked his legal team after the verdict was read out, stating that he could now fully dedicate himself to working for the nation's benefit, Winyat said. The Office of the Attorney General indicted Thaksin last year, accusing him of defaming the monarchy during a 2015 interview with a South Korean media outlet.

\n


获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", + "content": "

EUROPE

\n

EU gets 15% tariff for cars, but no relief for wine

\n

The US and EU released details of a trade deal on Thursday that foresees lower car tariffs but no relief for Europe's wine sector. Brussels said it would push for further concessions. US President Donald Trump and EU Commission President Ursula von der Leyen clinched a framework pact in July for most EU exports to face a 15-percent US levy. But many aspects remained unclear, as the EU sought to win carve-outs for some sectors and Trump threatened higher tariffs on others. A joint statement on Thursday brought some clarity, although negotiations are not over and some moving parts remain. The "maximum, all-inclusive" 15 percent rate would apply to the vast majority of European exports, including cars, pharmaceuticals, semiconductors and lumber, the EU said.

\n

THAILAND

\n

Court acquits former PM of royal insult

\n

Thailand's criminal court on Friday acquitted former prime minister Thaksin Shinawatra on royal defamation charges over his remarks to foreign media a decade ago. Thaksin has been found not guilty due to insufficient evidence to prove his wrongdoing, the court said in a statement. The prosecution's evidence presented failed to meet the burden of proof required for the indictment, said Thaksin's lawyer Winyat Chatmontree. Thaksin thanked his legal team after the verdict was read out, stating that he could now fully dedicate himself to working for the nation's benefit, Winyat said. The Office of the Attorney General indicted Thaksin last year, accusing him of defaming the monarchy during a 2015 interview with a South Korean media outlet.

\n


获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_006_68a8e2f4ed50ccabe15180ca.htm#006WORLD", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "fed23c157eab783dad2af226d15c7a65", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "007WORLD - From culture shock to a 'second home'", + "description": "

Online See more by scanning the code.

\n

A British student participates in an A-level program of the charity Engage with China in Changzhou, East China's Jiangsu province during the 2023-24 academic year.

\n

A scholarship winner hugs H-J Colston-Inge, director of Engage with China (left) in Changzhou during the 2023-24 academic year.

\n

"I felt like I was leaving a part of myself in China because it has been a very tough journey to integrate myself into the culture and connect with the people here," said Calista Ajibola, a British student aged 18, who has just completed a two-year boarding school scholarship program in China.

\n

Even for someone who had been learning Mandarin for five years and who had achieved the top grade in the subject in her General Certificate of Secondary Education exam, or GCSE, the test taken by students in the United Kingdom at the age of 16, using the Chinese language, still posed some challenges, as textbook knowledge and real-life application can be very different disciplines.

\n

"People often couldn't understand me when I first arrived in China and would ask me to switch to English. I had scored a nine in my GCSE Mandarin exam, so it was incredibly frustrating, at times even disheartening," she said.

\n

"But as time went on, armed with the courage to make mistakes, a determination to improve, hours of practice, and plenty of help from my Chinese teacher, my Mandarin eventually reached the point where I could … guide my family around in China, chat with taxi drivers, haggle over prices, and sort out problems that came up."

\n

Ajibola returned with a mature command of the language, a clearer vision for the future, many genuine friends, countless memories, as well as 30 packs of Chinese-branded instant noodles, and a pile of refrigerator magnets.

\n

"The scholarship program is probably one of the best things that has ever happened to me," she added.

\n

Launched in 2023 by the UK charity Engage with China, in partnership with international schools in China, the scholarship program has enabled 34 British pupils to embark on a two-year journey to study A-levels in China.

\n

H-J Colston-Inge, director of Engage with China, said the aim of the program is to foster "China literacy" among British youths.

\n

It was in 2018 that she realized there was a major educational gap in UK schools, as knowledge of China was almost entirely absent from the classroom. "The UK curriculum contains virtually no content on China, despite its global importance," she said.

\n

Compared to short-term study programs, she said, the project aims to offer a fully immersive journey, one that allows pupils to truly experience, with their own eyes a country on the other side of the world that is culturally and socioeconomically, very different from what they are used to.

\n

Culture shocks can be striking. For Ajibola, the endless high-rise apartments instead of low houses, the "motorcycle army" dominating the roads, and the mosquito bites in the sweltering summer were all unusual for a British pupil. But as she put it: "If I had the chance to live it all again, I wouldn't change a thing."

\n

Zoe Capps, who has just completed her first-year scholarship in Hangzhou, the capital city of East China's Zhejiang province, said life in China, a place where "everything felt unfamiliar" at first but which has now become a "second home", has made her much more "mature".

\n

"I always used to say I'm very mature for my age, but I really wasn't," she said. "But now, I have a clear idea of what I want to do in the future. I know where I want to go, and I know what I need to do."

\n

Gaining global mindset

\n

The students have not only developed strong language skills that will give them greater competitiveness in future education and career paths, Colston-Inge said, but have also gained a global mindset and a sense of empathy, an understanding that the world can be vastly diverse.

\n

"No one typically sends their 16-year-old to study in China, so these students are bold, curious and globally-minded," she added. "In an era of geopolitical tension, initiatives like this can help shift perspectives and build better international relationships."

\n

"Life-changing" is how Colston-Inge often described the many refreshing China stories she has heard from the pupils, especially since many of the scholarship winners come from economically disadvantaged backgrounds.

\n

Yet in such an unprecedented and turbulent era, even just ordinary educational exchanges can hardly remain untouched by geopolitics.

\n

"It is more important than ever that, when there are difficulties, we push through," she said.

\n

"Children aren't interested in politics," she pointed out. "Well, maybe a little. But that is not what they want. They want to make friends. They want to play. They want to do music together, play sports and so on. That is what's important."

\n

For Capps, above all, it is also the friendships she has made during the first year that matter the most. "The people I've met here have become some of the most important things in my life."

\n

Soon, the third cohort of 10 teenagers will head to China, ready to begin an entirely new chapter in their lives.

\n

Colston-Inge, who studied Chinese at university and is now dedicated to passing on her enduring fascination with China to the next generation, quoted Laozi, a Chinese philosopher from the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC), "A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step."

\n

"Having 34 (scholarship winners) looks tiny, but just compare that with the 250,000 students coming from China to study in the UK, and that previously, very few children were going to China at the age of 16."

\n

At a reception hosted on Aug 12 by the Education Section of China's embassy in the UK, to welcome the scholarship winners, Zhao Fei, minister of China's embassy in the UK, said tomorrow's world needs builders of bridges between civilizations, especially in an era when challenges ranging from global health crises to climate change require collective effort.

\n

"Though our languages differ and customs vary, our aspirations for a better life and shared concerns for humanity's future resonate profoundly," he said.

\n

"This connection transcends borders, it is universal and it is shared."

\n

zhengwanyin@mail.chinadailyuk.com

\n

", + "content": "

Online See more by scanning the code.

\n

A British student participates in an A-level program of the charity Engage with China in Changzhou, East China's Jiangsu province during the 2023-24 academic year.

\n

A scholarship winner hugs H-J Colston-Inge, director of Engage with China (left) in Changzhou during the 2023-24 academic year.

\n

"I felt like I was leaving a part of myself in China because it has been a very tough journey to integrate myself into the culture and connect with the people here," said Calista Ajibola, a British student aged 18, who has just completed a two-year boarding school scholarship program in China.

\n

Even for someone who had been learning Mandarin for five years and who had achieved the top grade in the subject in her General Certificate of Secondary Education exam, or GCSE, the test taken by students in the United Kingdom at the age of 16, using the Chinese language, still posed some challenges, as textbook knowledge and real-life application can be very different disciplines.

\n

"People often couldn't understand me when I first arrived in China and would ask me to switch to English. I had scored a nine in my GCSE Mandarin exam, so it was incredibly frustrating, at times even disheartening," she said.

\n

"But as time went on, armed with the courage to make mistakes, a determination to improve, hours of practice, and plenty of help from my Chinese teacher, my Mandarin eventually reached the point where I could … guide my family around in China, chat with taxi drivers, haggle over prices, and sort out problems that came up."

\n

Ajibola returned with a mature command of the language, a clearer vision for the future, many genuine friends, countless memories, as well as 30 packs of Chinese-branded instant noodles, and a pile of refrigerator magnets.

\n

"The scholarship program is probably one of the best things that has ever happened to me," she added.

\n

Launched in 2023 by the UK charity Engage with China, in partnership with international schools in China, the scholarship program has enabled 34 British pupils to embark on a two-year journey to study A-levels in China.

\n

H-J Colston-Inge, director of Engage with China, said the aim of the program is to foster "China literacy" among British youths.

\n

It was in 2018 that she realized there was a major educational gap in UK schools, as knowledge of China was almost entirely absent from the classroom. "The UK curriculum contains virtually no content on China, despite its global importance," she said.

\n

Compared to short-term study programs, she said, the project aims to offer a fully immersive journey, one that allows pupils to truly experience, with their own eyes a country on the other side of the world that is culturally and socioeconomically, very different from what they are used to.

\n

Culture shocks can be striking. For Ajibola, the endless high-rise apartments instead of low houses, the "motorcycle army" dominating the roads, and the mosquito bites in the sweltering summer were all unusual for a British pupil. But as she put it: "If I had the chance to live it all again, I wouldn't change a thing."

\n

Zoe Capps, who has just completed her first-year scholarship in Hangzhou, the capital city of East China's Zhejiang province, said life in China, a place where "everything felt unfamiliar" at first but which has now become a "second home", has made her much more "mature".

\n

"I always used to say I'm very mature for my age, but I really wasn't," she said. "But now, I have a clear idea of what I want to do in the future. I know where I want to go, and I know what I need to do."

\n

Gaining global mindset

\n

The students have not only developed strong language skills that will give them greater competitiveness in future education and career paths, Colston-Inge said, but have also gained a global mindset and a sense of empathy, an understanding that the world can be vastly diverse.

\n

"No one typically sends their 16-year-old to study in China, so these students are bold, curious and globally-minded," she added. "In an era of geopolitical tension, initiatives like this can help shift perspectives and build better international relationships."

\n

"Life-changing" is how Colston-Inge often described the many refreshing China stories she has heard from the pupils, especially since many of the scholarship winners come from economically disadvantaged backgrounds.

\n

Yet in such an unprecedented and turbulent era, even just ordinary educational exchanges can hardly remain untouched by geopolitics.

\n

"It is more important than ever that, when there are difficulties, we push through," she said.

\n

"Children aren't interested in politics," she pointed out. "Well, maybe a little. But that is not what they want. They want to make friends. They want to play. They want to do music together, play sports and so on. That is what's important."

\n

For Capps, above all, it is also the friendships she has made during the first year that matter the most. "The people I've met here have become some of the most important things in my life."

\n

Soon, the third cohort of 10 teenagers will head to China, ready to begin an entirely new chapter in their lives.

\n

Colston-Inge, who studied Chinese at university and is now dedicated to passing on her enduring fascination with China to the next generation, quoted Laozi, a Chinese philosopher from the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC), "A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step."

\n

"Having 34 (scholarship winners) looks tiny, but just compare that with the 250,000 students coming from China to study in the UK, and that previously, very few children were going to China at the age of 16."

\n

At a reception hosted on Aug 12 by the Education Section of China's embassy in the UK, to welcome the scholarship winners, Zhao Fei, minister of China's embassy in the UK, said tomorrow's world needs builders of bridges between civilizations, especially in an era when challenges ranging from global health crises to climate change require collective effort.

\n

"Though our languages differ and customs vary, our aspirations for a better life and shared concerns for humanity's future resonate profoundly," he said.

\n

"This connection transcends borders, it is universal and it is shared."

\n

zhengwanyin@mail.chinadailyuk.com

\n

", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_007_68a8e2fced50ccabe15180cc.htm#007WORLD", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "e349a063ca812525334e65d960589e0d", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "008LIFE - Rural farmhouse strikes enduring friendship across the Pacific Ocean", + "description": "

Zhang Jianhua (third right, front) poses for a group photo with John Flower (second left, front) and his students at Zhang's residence in Dechen county, Yunnan province, on July 26.

\n

The wooden structure from Yunnan known as the China Folk House in Harpers Ferry, West Virginia.

\n

KUNMING — At the foot of the Biluo Mountain in Southwest China's Yunnan province, a river rushes past vineyards and quiet villages, bearing witness to the friendship between an American scholar and a Chinese villager that has crossed the Pacific.

\n

Sporting brown hair and a graying beard, 62-year-old John Flower makes his way to an ethnic Bai-style residence, where he receives a warm welcome from its owner and longtime friend, Zhang Jianhua. They shake hands before settling into the courtyard to catch up for old times' sake.

\n

Their friendship began in the spring of 2016, when Flower, a history teacher and director of the Chinese Studies program at Sidwell Friends School, led a group of students to Cizhong village in Yunnan's Diqing Tibetan autonomous prefecture. "I invited them to my home for tea," Zhang recalls.

\n

Flower was struck by Zhang's wooden courtyard house, a rare fusion of Han, Tibetan, Naxi, and Bai ethnic architectural styles. When he learned the house was scheduled for dismantling, a bold idea began to take shape: to move the entire house to the United States.

\n

Zhang chuckled at what sounded like a daydream. "You can try," he said. "But I'm still living in it. Come back next year."

\n

A year later, Flower returned with a team of students. Working with local Bai carpenters, they documented, dismantled, and boxed the house piece by piece, creating a 3D model before shipping it across the Pacific. On the banks of the Shenandoah River in Jefferson, West Virginia, the house was reassembled.

\n

Over the years, the house has served as a classroom that gives American students and residents the chance to appreciate the craftsmanship of traditional Chinese homes and experience the rhythms of village life.

\n

Adding a new chapter to their story, Flower returned to Cizhong in July with more than 20 students. Many of them had helped rebuild the house in the United States, but this was their first time visiting Yunnan.

\n

In Zhang's new Bai-style home, about a kilometer from the original site of his old house, the two friends reunited in a sunlit courtyard where a stone carving of the Chinese character fu (blessing) stands at the center.

\n

The students took photos of the delicately carved woodwork, lifelike cat tiles perched on the roof ridge, and the Tibetan-style fire pit in the spacious courtyard, while enjoying sweet watermelons from Zhang's garden.

\n

"How is life now?" they ask. "Do you still farm?"

\n

"I'm not very educated," Zhang replies, slightly nervous to host so many young foreigners for the first time.

\n

"But life is much better now." He adds that besides farming, he raises 30 pigs and 30 chickens. His family now lives in a house four times the size of the old one, with extra rooms available for rent.

\n

"The old house carries our memories," he says with a grin. "But I'm very happy it is now well-cherished on the other side of the Pacific."

\n

Former village head Urgyen Tsering recalls issuing the official certificate authorizing the house's dismantling. "No one imagined Americans would one day come to see it," he says. "Even less did we expect the house to become a bridge for people-to-people exchange between China and the US."

\n

Flower's ties with China date back to the late 1970s when, as a philosophy student, he first encountered the Chinese language through The Analects of Confucius. The normalization of China-US relations at the time opened doors for cultural exchange. In 1991, he made his first trip to China.

\n

He later spent several years in rural Sichuan province with his wife, deepening his understanding of Chinese culture and developing a lasting interest in village life. In the past decade, he has led his students on experiential learning trips to rural Yunnan.

\n

Many students in Flower's group are part of a large-scale China-US youth exchange program aimed at fostering mutual understanding through cultural, educational, and travel experiences.

\n

China announced a plan to invite 50,000 American youth to visit and study in China in the next five years, hoping that through firsthand experience, they can discover the real China while contributing to China-US friendship.

\n

As Flower strolled through the village, he admired the cement roads that had replaced muddy tracks. Guesthouses and local wine businesses had sprung up, yet the buildings still reflected a harmonious blend of Han, Tibetan, Bai, and Naxi styles, now equipped with modern comforts.

\n

"Just like the people here, different ethnic groups live together peacefully," Flower says.

\n

Before leaving, he invited Zhang and his wife to West Virginia to see his old home. Zhang smiled and nodded, like he did eight years ago when he went along with that "wild" idea.

\n

", + "content": "

Zhang Jianhua (third right, front) poses for a group photo with John Flower (second left, front) and his students at Zhang's residence in Dechen county, Yunnan province, on July 26.

\n

The wooden structure from Yunnan known as the China Folk House in Harpers Ferry, West Virginia.

\n

KUNMING — At the foot of the Biluo Mountain in Southwest China's Yunnan province, a river rushes past vineyards and quiet villages, bearing witness to the friendship between an American scholar and a Chinese villager that has crossed the Pacific.

\n

Sporting brown hair and a graying beard, 62-year-old John Flower makes his way to an ethnic Bai-style residence, where he receives a warm welcome from its owner and longtime friend, Zhang Jianhua. They shake hands before settling into the courtyard to catch up for old times' sake.

\n

Their friendship began in the spring of 2016, when Flower, a history teacher and director of the Chinese Studies program at Sidwell Friends School, led a group of students to Cizhong village in Yunnan's Diqing Tibetan autonomous prefecture. "I invited them to my home for tea," Zhang recalls.

\n

Flower was struck by Zhang's wooden courtyard house, a rare fusion of Han, Tibetan, Naxi, and Bai ethnic architectural styles. When he learned the house was scheduled for dismantling, a bold idea began to take shape: to move the entire house to the United States.

\n

Zhang chuckled at what sounded like a daydream. "You can try," he said. "But I'm still living in it. Come back next year."

\n

A year later, Flower returned with a team of students. Working with local Bai carpenters, they documented, dismantled, and boxed the house piece by piece, creating a 3D model before shipping it across the Pacific. On the banks of the Shenandoah River in Jefferson, West Virginia, the house was reassembled.

\n

Over the years, the house has served as a classroom that gives American students and residents the chance to appreciate the craftsmanship of traditional Chinese homes and experience the rhythms of village life.

\n

Adding a new chapter to their story, Flower returned to Cizhong in July with more than 20 students. Many of them had helped rebuild the house in the United States, but this was their first time visiting Yunnan.

\n

In Zhang's new Bai-style home, about a kilometer from the original site of his old house, the two friends reunited in a sunlit courtyard where a stone carving of the Chinese character fu (blessing) stands at the center.

\n

The students took photos of the delicately carved woodwork, lifelike cat tiles perched on the roof ridge, and the Tibetan-style fire pit in the spacious courtyard, while enjoying sweet watermelons from Zhang's garden.

\n

"How is life now?" they ask. "Do you still farm?"

\n

"I'm not very educated," Zhang replies, slightly nervous to host so many young foreigners for the first time.

\n

"But life is much better now." He adds that besides farming, he raises 30 pigs and 30 chickens. His family now lives in a house four times the size of the old one, with extra rooms available for rent.

\n

"The old house carries our memories," he says with a grin. "But I'm very happy it is now well-cherished on the other side of the Pacific."

\n

Former village head Urgyen Tsering recalls issuing the official certificate authorizing the house's dismantling. "No one imagined Americans would one day come to see it," he says. "Even less did we expect the house to become a bridge for people-to-people exchange between China and the US."

\n

Flower's ties with China date back to the late 1970s when, as a philosophy student, he first encountered the Chinese language through The Analects of Confucius. The normalization of China-US relations at the time opened doors for cultural exchange. In 1991, he made his first trip to China.

\n

He later spent several years in rural Sichuan province with his wife, deepening his understanding of Chinese culture and developing a lasting interest in village life. In the past decade, he has led his students on experiential learning trips to rural Yunnan.

\n

Many students in Flower's group are part of a large-scale China-US youth exchange program aimed at fostering mutual understanding through cultural, educational, and travel experiences.

\n

China announced a plan to invite 50,000 American youth to visit and study in China in the next five years, hoping that through firsthand experience, they can discover the real China while contributing to China-US friendship.

\n

As Flower strolled through the village, he admired the cement roads that had replaced muddy tracks. Guesthouses and local wine businesses had sprung up, yet the buildings still reflected a harmonious blend of Han, Tibetan, Bai, and Naxi styles, now equipped with modern comforts.

\n

"Just like the people here, different ethnic groups live together peacefully," Flower says.

\n

Before leaving, he invited Zhang and his wife to West Virginia to see his old home. Zhang smiled and nodded, like he did eight years ago when he went along with that "wild" idea.

\n

", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_008_68a8e305ed50ccabe15180ce.htm#008LIFE", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "45b88af3d0f0ca3c85e3c1da271f52da", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "009LIFE - Famous Peking duck restaurant serves up a tasty treat in New York", + "description": "
\n

The interior of Quanjude in New York with decorations from the previous French fine dining establishment La Grenouille.

\n

After Quanjude's first failed attempt to enter the US market in Los Angeles some decades ago, it's coming back with a location situated in the vibrant Midtown area of New York City. This time with a different franchise ownership and a Michelin star.

\n

Located in a historical three-story building, the restaurant occupies the former site of the French fine dining establishment La Grenouille, which iDen & Quanjude, a Quanjude franchise under the ownership of Andy Zhang, acquired for $14.3 million.

\n

Under the dim light from crystal wall lamps around the restaurant, there's plush red velvet seats, classic oil paintings and bouquets of fresh flowers.

\n

The general manager of iDen & Quanjude, Wayne Pan, says this location has been a legendary restaurant site in New York with more than 60 years of history that once welcomed icons like David Bowie, Frank Sinatra and Truman Capote. It holds a deep meaning in many New Yorkers' hearts, which is why the original decor from La Grenouille has been preserved.

\n

Quanjude is a restaurant chain established in 1864 to serve royalty from the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). It witnessed and weathered some of the most important historical events including the end of the monarchy in China, World War II, and the founding of the People's Republic of China.

\n

Over the past 150 years, its Peking duck has become a national icon, with over 100 locations in China. It was also visited by several US presidents including Richard Nixon, Jimmy Carter, George H.W. Bush, Bill Clinton and Barack Obama.

\n

On its return to the North America market in 2019, Quanjude franchise iDen & Quanjude opened its Vancouver location, which is still going strong. It is also the only Michelin-starred Chinese restaurant in Canada, and has received a Michelin star for three straight years.

\n

The food critic from the Michelin Guide said, "It has a pedigree that traces back to an original location in Beijing from 1864, but the latest outpost in Vancouver proves that this legacy hasn't lost any of its luster. Indeed, the gold-accented dining room is a feast for the eyes, blending classic opulence with strikingly modern design."

\n

According to Pan, the ducks they serve are from a farm in Pennsylvania and are high in fat. All the ducks are fresh and never frozen. "We have high standards on our ducks," Pan says. "They are all the same size, packed six ducks per case, with the duck hair carefully removed, and the skin kept completely intact and undamaged."

\n

Pan explains that after all the organs are removed, the ducks are rinsed with hot water. Then, a special in-house sauce is applied to enhance the flavor and give them a rich, brown color. Afterward, the ducks are placed in a special drying cabinet for at least two days, which ensures the skin will be extra crispy. The final step involves roasting the ducks in an oven, as fire roasting is prohibited in New York.

\n

Then the duck is ready to be served with leeks imported from China, cucumber from Tianjin, paired with sweet bean paste made in house with a recipe from Quanjude in Beijing and wrapped in paper-thin pancakes.

\n

Other than the iconic Peking duck, the New York menu features a selection of upscale dishes crafted with premium ingredients such as bird's nest, sea cucumber, fish maw, lobster and geoduck (clams).

\n

Currently, iDen & Quanjude in New York is in a soft opening as, Pan explains, the second and third floors of the restaurant are still being decorated.

\n

"I hope Chinese people can experience the taste of home here, because many of us from northern China feel so happy when we eat this duck. I want Chinese people to feel at home, and I also hope Americans can experience the rich culture of Chinese food," says Pan, who also expressed the hope to promote Chinese high-end cuisine.

\n

This is not the first attempt by a Chinese Peking duck restaurant chain to enter the US fine dining market. In 2017, Dadong, another renowned Peking duck chain from China, also ventured into Manhattan with a prime location near Bryant Park. However, Dadong closed its doors just over two years later.

\n

The reviews for the iDen & Quanjude New York location have been mixed. New York Post food critic Steve Cuozzo gave the compliment that, "The bird from Pennsylvania's Jurgielewicz farm was flavor-rich and winningly moist beneath its amber skin", and "the food is as grown-up as the vibe".

\n

However, it didn't really impress Beijing native Jill Wang, 39, a Peking duck enthusiast, who came after hearing about it on RedNote. She says, "It's too greasy, not crispy enough … I don't think the duck here reached the Quanjude (Beijing) standard."

\n

Jill Wang's companion, Wei Wang from Shenyang, adds, "I like the environment here. This place used to be a French restaurant and they kept the decoration."

\n

He mentions that he would also like to try out places in Flushing and Washington DC for Peking duck.

\n

The success of iDen & Quanjude in Canada can be attributed to several key factors: its innovative decor featuring traditional Chinese elements, direct endorsement by the Michelin Guide, Quanjude's unrivaled reputation for Peking duck worldwide and the significant Chinese population residing in Vancouver.

\n

Only time will tell if iDen & Quanjude will survive New York's cutthroat dining landscape.

\n

bilinlin@chinadailyusa.com

\n

", + "content": "
\n

The interior of Quanjude in New York with decorations from the previous French fine dining establishment La Grenouille.

\n

After Quanjude's first failed attempt to enter the US market in Los Angeles some decades ago, it's coming back with a location situated in the vibrant Midtown area of New York City. This time with a different franchise ownership and a Michelin star.

\n

Located in a historical three-story building, the restaurant occupies the former site of the French fine dining establishment La Grenouille, which iDen & Quanjude, a Quanjude franchise under the ownership of Andy Zhang, acquired for $14.3 million.

\n

Under the dim light from crystal wall lamps around the restaurant, there's plush red velvet seats, classic oil paintings and bouquets of fresh flowers.

\n

The general manager of iDen & Quanjude, Wayne Pan, says this location has been a legendary restaurant site in New York with more than 60 years of history that once welcomed icons like David Bowie, Frank Sinatra and Truman Capote. It holds a deep meaning in many New Yorkers' hearts, which is why the original decor from La Grenouille has been preserved.

\n

Quanjude is a restaurant chain established in 1864 to serve royalty from the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). It witnessed and weathered some of the most important historical events including the end of the monarchy in China, World War II, and the founding of the People's Republic of China.

\n

Over the past 150 years, its Peking duck has become a national icon, with over 100 locations in China. It was also visited by several US presidents including Richard Nixon, Jimmy Carter, George H.W. Bush, Bill Clinton and Barack Obama.

\n

On its return to the North America market in 2019, Quanjude franchise iDen & Quanjude opened its Vancouver location, which is still going strong. It is also the only Michelin-starred Chinese restaurant in Canada, and has received a Michelin star for three straight years.

\n

The food critic from the Michelin Guide said, "It has a pedigree that traces back to an original location in Beijing from 1864, but the latest outpost in Vancouver proves that this legacy hasn't lost any of its luster. Indeed, the gold-accented dining room is a feast for the eyes, blending classic opulence with strikingly modern design."

\n

According to Pan, the ducks they serve are from a farm in Pennsylvania and are high in fat. All the ducks are fresh and never frozen. "We have high standards on our ducks," Pan says. "They are all the same size, packed six ducks per case, with the duck hair carefully removed, and the skin kept completely intact and undamaged."

\n

Pan explains that after all the organs are removed, the ducks are rinsed with hot water. Then, a special in-house sauce is applied to enhance the flavor and give them a rich, brown color. Afterward, the ducks are placed in a special drying cabinet for at least two days, which ensures the skin will be extra crispy. The final step involves roasting the ducks in an oven, as fire roasting is prohibited in New York.

\n

Then the duck is ready to be served with leeks imported from China, cucumber from Tianjin, paired with sweet bean paste made in house with a recipe from Quanjude in Beijing and wrapped in paper-thin pancakes.

\n

Other than the iconic Peking duck, the New York menu features a selection of upscale dishes crafted with premium ingredients such as bird's nest, sea cucumber, fish maw, lobster and geoduck (clams).

\n

Currently, iDen & Quanjude in New York is in a soft opening as, Pan explains, the second and third floors of the restaurant are still being decorated.

\n

"I hope Chinese people can experience the taste of home here, because many of us from northern China feel so happy when we eat this duck. I want Chinese people to feel at home, and I also hope Americans can experience the rich culture of Chinese food," says Pan, who also expressed the hope to promote Chinese high-end cuisine.

\n

This is not the first attempt by a Chinese Peking duck restaurant chain to enter the US fine dining market. In 2017, Dadong, another renowned Peking duck chain from China, also ventured into Manhattan with a prime location near Bryant Park. However, Dadong closed its doors just over two years later.

\n

The reviews for the iDen & Quanjude New York location have been mixed. New York Post food critic Steve Cuozzo gave the compliment that, "The bird from Pennsylvania's Jurgielewicz farm was flavor-rich and winningly moist beneath its amber skin", and "the food is as grown-up as the vibe".

\n

However, it didn't really impress Beijing native Jill Wang, 39, a Peking duck enthusiast, who came after hearing about it on RedNote. She says, "It's too greasy, not crispy enough … I don't think the duck here reached the Quanjude (Beijing) standard."

\n

Jill Wang's companion, Wei Wang from Shenyang, adds, "I like the environment here. This place used to be a French restaurant and they kept the decoration."

\n

He mentions that he would also like to try out places in Flushing and Washington DC for Peking duck.

\n

The success of iDen & Quanjude in Canada can be attributed to several key factors: its innovative decor featuring traditional Chinese elements, direct endorsement by the Michelin Guide, Quanjude's unrivaled reputation for Peking duck worldwide and the significant Chinese population residing in Vancouver.

\n

Only time will tell if iDen & Quanjude will survive New York's cutthroat dining landscape.

\n

bilinlin@chinadailyusa.com

\n

", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_009_68a8e30eed50ccabe15180d0.htm#009LIFE", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "f5b1e0688dd67563bc2654d65cfaa87d", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "010CULTURE - Wise friends: A tribute to East-West dialogue and exchange", + "description": "

The cultural collaboration between Italian missionary Matteo Ricci and Chinese scientist Xu Guangqi in the 17th century is celebrated in China, as seen in their sculptures in Beijing (top) and Shanghai (above).

\n

ROME — In the quiet hills of Italy's Marche region, the city of Macerata carries a legacy that extends far beyond its modest streets. It is the hometown of Italian missionary Matteo Ricci, one of the most influential cultural bridges between the East and the West in the 17th century.

\n

Today, Ricci's presence can be felt throughout the city. A map titled "Matteo Ricci Itinerary" guides visitors past landmarks bearing his name. At the heart of Macerata lies "Li Ma Dou" Square, named in Chinese pinyin to reflect Ricci's ties to China. Its centerpiece is the bronze sculpture Ricci and Xu Talk about the Way, which portrays Ricci alongside Chinese scientist Xu Guangqi.

\n

The statue shows Ricci in Confucian robes, his hand extended as if pointing toward a path, while Xu listens attentively. A plaque beneath describes them as "two wise men of the 17th century … pioneers of the fruitful encounter between Chinese and European civilizations".

\n

Created by Yang Dongbai of the Shanghai Institute of Visual Arts, the sculpture was unveiled in May as a gift from the Father Matteo Ricci International Foundation. "This work represents a vital cultural exchange between China and Italy, and I felt a deep sense of responsibility," Yang says.

\n

He explains that the artistic style incorporates elements of Chinese culture, aiming to capture the essence of friendship and dialogue.

\n

Ricci and Xu first met in China in the early 1600s. Their partnership, rooted in friendship with intellectual collaboration, led to the Chinese translation of Euclid's Elements and the introduction of Confucian texts to Europe.

\n

For Macerata, the unveiling of the sculpture adds to a series of memorials honoring Ricci's role in fostering cultural exchange.

\n

"Centuries ago, Ricci embraced Chinese culture. Today, the deep bond between our peoples remains strong," says Katiuscia Cassetta, councillor for culture of the Municipality of Macerata.

\n

In Shanghai, Xu's hometown, a corresponding sculpture stands in Guangqi Park. Since 2014, Macerata and Shanghai's Xuhui district have exchanged statues of Ricci and Xu, formalizing a gesture of cultural reciprocity.

\n

"Their friendship was built on equality, respect and mutual admiration. They set an example for today's exchanges between the two peoples," says Song Haojie, a scholar of Sino-Italian cultural exchange.

\n

Dario Grandoni, president of the Father Matteo Ricci International Foundation, highlights Ricci's enduring legacy of fostering mutual understanding.

\n

"Ricci was humble, respectful and deeply committed to understanding Chinese culture," he says.

\n

According to Grandoni, naming the square in Chinese pinyin is intended to make Chinese visitors feel welcome in Macerata, underscoring the square as a symbol of cultural integration.

\n

", + "content": "

The cultural collaboration between Italian missionary Matteo Ricci and Chinese scientist Xu Guangqi in the 17th century is celebrated in China, as seen in their sculptures in Beijing (top) and Shanghai (above).

\n

ROME — In the quiet hills of Italy's Marche region, the city of Macerata carries a legacy that extends far beyond its modest streets. It is the hometown of Italian missionary Matteo Ricci, one of the most influential cultural bridges between the East and the West in the 17th century.

\n

Today, Ricci's presence can be felt throughout the city. A map titled "Matteo Ricci Itinerary" guides visitors past landmarks bearing his name. At the heart of Macerata lies "Li Ma Dou" Square, named in Chinese pinyin to reflect Ricci's ties to China. Its centerpiece is the bronze sculpture Ricci and Xu Talk about the Way, which portrays Ricci alongside Chinese scientist Xu Guangqi.

\n

The statue shows Ricci in Confucian robes, his hand extended as if pointing toward a path, while Xu listens attentively. A plaque beneath describes them as "two wise men of the 17th century … pioneers of the fruitful encounter between Chinese and European civilizations".

\n

Created by Yang Dongbai of the Shanghai Institute of Visual Arts, the sculpture was unveiled in May as a gift from the Father Matteo Ricci International Foundation. "This work represents a vital cultural exchange between China and Italy, and I felt a deep sense of responsibility," Yang says.

\n

He explains that the artistic style incorporates elements of Chinese culture, aiming to capture the essence of friendship and dialogue.

\n

Ricci and Xu first met in China in the early 1600s. Their partnership, rooted in friendship with intellectual collaboration, led to the Chinese translation of Euclid's Elements and the introduction of Confucian texts to Europe.

\n

For Macerata, the unveiling of the sculpture adds to a series of memorials honoring Ricci's role in fostering cultural exchange.

\n

"Centuries ago, Ricci embraced Chinese culture. Today, the deep bond between our peoples remains strong," says Katiuscia Cassetta, councillor for culture of the Municipality of Macerata.

\n

In Shanghai, Xu's hometown, a corresponding sculpture stands in Guangqi Park. Since 2014, Macerata and Shanghai's Xuhui district have exchanged statues of Ricci and Xu, formalizing a gesture of cultural reciprocity.

\n

"Their friendship was built on equality, respect and mutual admiration. They set an example for today's exchanges between the two peoples," says Song Haojie, a scholar of Sino-Italian cultural exchange.

\n

Dario Grandoni, president of the Father Matteo Ricci International Foundation, highlights Ricci's enduring legacy of fostering mutual understanding.

\n

"Ricci was humble, respectful and deeply committed to understanding Chinese culture," he says.

\n

According to Grandoni, naming the square in Chinese pinyin is intended to make Chinese visitors feel welcome in Macerata, underscoring the square as a symbol of cultural integration.

\n

", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_010_68a8e316ed50ccabe15180d2.htm#010CULTURE", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "9f35c098e9334638dc6983cb96b324f0", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "011LIFE - Bi-city program bridges cultures, creativity, and communities", + "description": "

Participants and officials take a photo after a dialogue on The Vision of Youth for the Future of Cultural Districts at the Palace Museum in Beijing.

\n

Students share ideas on digital storytelling, visitor engagement and cultural branding, drawing on their learning journey and internship experiences during the Bi-city Youth Cultural Leadership Program.

\n

Sixteen university students from Beijing and Hong Kong gathered at the Palace Museum on Tuesday, not just to tour its historic halls but to imagine the future of China's cultural districts.

\n

The discussion was a highlight of the ongoing Hong Kong Palace Museum's fourth Bi-city Youth Cultural Leadership Program.

\n

By promoting cultural development in both cities, the program aims to strengthen Hong Kong's position as an East-meets-West center for international cultural exchange.

\n

During the exchange, Wang Xudong, director of the Palace Museum, emphasized the Palace Museum's unwavering commitment to safeguarding China's cultural relics. He highlighted its role in advancing cultural heritage conservation through innovative strategies and international collaboration.

\n

Bringing fresh perspectives, the students shared ideas on digital storytelling, visitor engagement and cultural branding, drawing on their learning journey and internship experiences under the program in Hong Kong and Beijing.

\n

They stressed the importance of providing platforms to young local artists, integrating audience traffic across different venues within a cultural district, and creating inviting spaces that encourage longer visits. Their insights also included the need to bridge the gap between the districts and local grassroots communities, enhancing cultural exchange and community involvement.

\n

The students also visited the Sensory Experience Gallery of the Palace Museum, which they said deepened their understanding of cultural intellectual property, brand operations, and the development of cultural and creative products.

\n

"We are pleased to welcome students from the Bi-city Youth Cultural Leadership Program to the Palace Museum," Wang says.

\n

"This meaningful initiative offers young people a platform to explore the changing landscape of cultural institutions and apply their creativity to real-world challenges. Their participation brings fresh perspectives and energy into the future of cultural districts. We look forward to strengthening our partnership with the Hong Kong Palace Museum to jointly nurture cultural talents and advance our shared mission of Chinese culture," he adds.

\n

Louis Ng, director of the Hong Kong Palace Museum, says the program encourages students to envision the future of cultural districts through creativity, community, and innovation.

\n

"The program underscores our mission to nurture cultural leadership through cross-boundary collaboration and contribute to sustainable urban development. We are proud to see students exploring complex cultural questions and proposing thoughtful ideas that reflect both ambition and a grounded understanding of the opportunities and challenges shaping the cultural landscape across different cities," Ng says.

\n

Besides the Palace Museum visit, the Beijing stage of the program will enable students to participate in inspiring dialogues with industry experts, and a curated district city walk in Beijing.

\n

After Beijing, the students will conclude their cultural journey in Shanghai, where they will visit landmark developments and urban cultural hubs.

\n

Since its launch in 2022, the program has engaged nearly 150 students from Beijing and Hong Kong, aiming to inspire and nurture the next generation of cultural talent from Hong Kong and Beijing.

\n

yangfeiyue@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "content": "

Participants and officials take a photo after a dialogue on The Vision of Youth for the Future of Cultural Districts at the Palace Museum in Beijing.

\n

Students share ideas on digital storytelling, visitor engagement and cultural branding, drawing on their learning journey and internship experiences during the Bi-city Youth Cultural Leadership Program.

\n

Sixteen university students from Beijing and Hong Kong gathered at the Palace Museum on Tuesday, not just to tour its historic halls but to imagine the future of China's cultural districts.

\n

The discussion was a highlight of the ongoing Hong Kong Palace Museum's fourth Bi-city Youth Cultural Leadership Program.

\n

By promoting cultural development in both cities, the program aims to strengthen Hong Kong's position as an East-meets-West center for international cultural exchange.

\n

During the exchange, Wang Xudong, director of the Palace Museum, emphasized the Palace Museum's unwavering commitment to safeguarding China's cultural relics. He highlighted its role in advancing cultural heritage conservation through innovative strategies and international collaboration.

\n

Bringing fresh perspectives, the students shared ideas on digital storytelling, visitor engagement and cultural branding, drawing on their learning journey and internship experiences under the program in Hong Kong and Beijing.

\n

They stressed the importance of providing platforms to young local artists, integrating audience traffic across different venues within a cultural district, and creating inviting spaces that encourage longer visits. Their insights also included the need to bridge the gap between the districts and local grassroots communities, enhancing cultural exchange and community involvement.

\n

The students also visited the Sensory Experience Gallery of the Palace Museum, which they said deepened their understanding of cultural intellectual property, brand operations, and the development of cultural and creative products.

\n

"We are pleased to welcome students from the Bi-city Youth Cultural Leadership Program to the Palace Museum," Wang says.

\n

"This meaningful initiative offers young people a platform to explore the changing landscape of cultural institutions and apply their creativity to real-world challenges. Their participation brings fresh perspectives and energy into the future of cultural districts. We look forward to strengthening our partnership with the Hong Kong Palace Museum to jointly nurture cultural talents and advance our shared mission of Chinese culture," he adds.

\n

Louis Ng, director of the Hong Kong Palace Museum, says the program encourages students to envision the future of cultural districts through creativity, community, and innovation.

\n

"The program underscores our mission to nurture cultural leadership through cross-boundary collaboration and contribute to sustainable urban development. We are proud to see students exploring complex cultural questions and proposing thoughtful ideas that reflect both ambition and a grounded understanding of the opportunities and challenges shaping the cultural landscape across different cities," Ng says.

\n

Besides the Palace Museum visit, the Beijing stage of the program will enable students to participate in inspiring dialogues with industry experts, and a curated district city walk in Beijing.

\n

After Beijing, the students will conclude their cultural journey in Shanghai, where they will visit landmark developments and urban cultural hubs.

\n

Since its launch in 2022, the program has engaged nearly 150 students from Beijing and Hong Kong, aiming to inspire and nurture the next generation of cultural talent from Hong Kong and Beijing.

\n

yangfeiyue@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_011_68a8e31eed50ccabe15180d4.htm#011LIFE", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "b151a6c72b0107c34835cf88a9a1899c", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "001FRONT - 60 YEARS OF PROGRESS MARKED", + "description": "

President Xi Jinping, who is also general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, attends a grand gathering on Thursday at the Potala Palace square in Lhasa, capital of the Xizang autonomous region, to mark the region's 60th founding anniversary.

\n

Residents at a mass parade during the grand gathering in Lhasa on Thursday.

\n

Thousands take part in the celebrations with the Potala Palace in the background.

\n

President Xi Jinping joined around 20,000 local officials and people from all ethnic groups and all walks of life in a grand gathering on Thursday at the Potala Palace square in Lhasa to mark the 60th founding anniversary of the Xizang autonomous region.

\n

Xi, who is also general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, arrived in the regional capital on Wednesday with a central delegation to attend the festivities.

\n

It was the first time in the history of the Party and the country that a leader attended such an event in the capacities of general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, Chinese president and chairman of the CMC.

\n

The gathering commenced at 10 am, with all attendees standing to sing the national anthem. The bright five-starred national flag was hoisted solemnly at the site.

\n

A congratulatory message from the CPC Central Committee, the National People's Congress Standing Committee, the State Council, the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference National Committee and the CMC was read out.

\n

Wang Huning, chairman of the CPPCC National Committee and head of the central delegation, then presented a plaque bearing Xi's inscription, "Jointly building a community for the Chinese nation, writing a new chapter for a beautiful Xizang," as a congratulatory gift.

\n

Cai Qi, director of the General Office of the CPC Central Committee, was also present at the gathering.

\n

Addressing the event, Wang said the founding of the Xizang autonomous region in September 1965 marked an epoch-making event.

\n

Over the past six decades, Xizang has made significant strides in economic and social development, fully demonstrating the strong leadership of the CPC and the clear political strength of China's socialist system, he said.

\n

Wang said that since the 18th CPC National Congress in 2012, Xizang has entered its best period of development and made the most substantial progress, with people of all ethnic groups benefiting more than ever before.

\n

He emphasized that Xizang is an inalienable part of China, and its affairs are purely China's internal affairs, which brook no interference from external forces.

\n

Any attempt to split the motherland and undermine Xizang's stability is doomed to fail, he said.

\n

Wang also called for efforts to consolidate and develop ethnic solidarity, promote high-quality socioeconomic development, and continuously improve people's well-being to advance common prosperity in Xizang.

\n

Drolma Renzin, a 73-year-old Lhasa resident, gave a speech as a representative of the local people, saying that she still remembered how the news of the autonomous region's founding spread swiftly across the plateau.

\n

"Sixty years may be just a fleeting moment in the long river of history, but for the people of Xizang, it has been an epic of endeavor and transformation," she said.

\n

The ceremony concluded with a vibrant mass parade in an auspicious and festive atmosphere with music and dance. Twenty-six formations of floats, including seven representing Xizang's seven prefecture-level cities, and performers marched past in colorful costumes, expressing joy over their new lives and gratitude to the Party and the country. Xi and other leaders waved to the crowds.

\n

When the float from Shigatse passed, performers in traditional attire moved in the bold and vigorous steps of Gyashe, a traditional Tibetan dance, to the beat of drums and music, showcasing the unity and vitality of people living at the foot of Qomolangma, known as Mount Everest in the West.

\n

The audience waved their flags to cheer and show support for the prefecture, which had endured a magnitude 6.8 earthquake earlier this year.

\n

Meanwhile, in Zingkar village of Dingri county, one of the hardest-hit areas, residents watched the celebration from their new homes. Last week, the village, with 126 households, completed its resettlement with government support.

\n

"With the care of General Secretary Xi and help from the Party and government, all of our villagers have moved into new houses," said Nyima Tsering, the village head.

\n

"From here on, we will continue to build a better life with our own hands under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee."

\n

Xi left Xizang after attending the founding anniversary celebrations.

\n

Following Xi's instructions, the central delegation headed by Wang Huning will visit various parts of Xizang from Thursday to Saturday to extend greetings and support to people of all ethnic groups and sectors.

\n

Xi's entourage, including senior official Cai Qi, returned on the same flight.

\n

Contact the writers at mojingxi@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "content": "

President Xi Jinping, who is also general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, attends a grand gathering on Thursday at the Potala Palace square in Lhasa, capital of the Xizang autonomous region, to mark the region's 60th founding anniversary.

\n

Residents at a mass parade during the grand gathering in Lhasa on Thursday.

\n

Thousands take part in the celebrations with the Potala Palace in the background.

\n

President Xi Jinping joined around 20,000 local officials and people from all ethnic groups and all walks of life in a grand gathering on Thursday at the Potala Palace square in Lhasa to mark the 60th founding anniversary of the Xizang autonomous region.

\n

Xi, who is also general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, arrived in the regional capital on Wednesday with a central delegation to attend the festivities.

\n

It was the first time in the history of the Party and the country that a leader attended such an event in the capacities of general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, Chinese president and chairman of the CMC.

\n

The gathering commenced at 10 am, with all attendees standing to sing the national anthem. The bright five-starred national flag was hoisted solemnly at the site.

\n

A congratulatory message from the CPC Central Committee, the National People's Congress Standing Committee, the State Council, the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference National Committee and the CMC was read out.

\n

Wang Huning, chairman of the CPPCC National Committee and head of the central delegation, then presented a plaque bearing Xi's inscription, "Jointly building a community for the Chinese nation, writing a new chapter for a beautiful Xizang," as a congratulatory gift.

\n

Cai Qi, director of the General Office of the CPC Central Committee, was also present at the gathering.

\n

Addressing the event, Wang said the founding of the Xizang autonomous region in September 1965 marked an epoch-making event.

\n

Over the past six decades, Xizang has made significant strides in economic and social development, fully demonstrating the strong leadership of the CPC and the clear political strength of China's socialist system, he said.

\n

Wang said that since the 18th CPC National Congress in 2012, Xizang has entered its best period of development and made the most substantial progress, with people of all ethnic groups benefiting more than ever before.

\n

He emphasized that Xizang is an inalienable part of China, and its affairs are purely China's internal affairs, which brook no interference from external forces.

\n

Any attempt to split the motherland and undermine Xizang's stability is doomed to fail, he said.

\n

Wang also called for efforts to consolidate and develop ethnic solidarity, promote high-quality socioeconomic development, and continuously improve people's well-being to advance common prosperity in Xizang.

\n

Drolma Renzin, a 73-year-old Lhasa resident, gave a speech as a representative of the local people, saying that she still remembered how the news of the autonomous region's founding spread swiftly across the plateau.

\n

"Sixty years may be just a fleeting moment in the long river of history, but for the people of Xizang, it has been an epic of endeavor and transformation," she said.

\n

The ceremony concluded with a vibrant mass parade in an auspicious and festive atmosphere with music and dance. Twenty-six formations of floats, including seven representing Xizang's seven prefecture-level cities, and performers marched past in colorful costumes, expressing joy over their new lives and gratitude to the Party and the country. Xi and other leaders waved to the crowds.

\n

When the float from Shigatse passed, performers in traditional attire moved in the bold and vigorous steps of Gyashe, a traditional Tibetan dance, to the beat of drums and music, showcasing the unity and vitality of people living at the foot of Qomolangma, known as Mount Everest in the West.

\n

The audience waved their flags to cheer and show support for the prefecture, which had endured a magnitude 6.8 earthquake earlier this year.

\n

Meanwhile, in Zingkar village of Dingri county, one of the hardest-hit areas, residents watched the celebration from their new homes. Last week, the village, with 126 households, completed its resettlement with government support.

\n

"With the care of General Secretary Xi and help from the Party and government, all of our villagers have moved into new houses," said Nyima Tsering, the village head.

\n

"From here on, we will continue to build a better life with our own hands under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee."

\n

Xi left Xizang after attending the founding anniversary celebrations.

\n

Following Xi's instructions, the central delegation headed by Wang Huning will visit various parts of Xizang from Thursday to Saturday to extend greetings and support to people of all ethnic groups and sectors.

\n

Xi's entourage, including senior official Cai Qi, returned on the same flight.

\n

Contact the writers at mojingxi@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_001_68a7936bed50ccabe1517f3d.htm#001FRONT", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "5f223ab886843cec69b461c81988e240", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "001FRONT - XIZANG BORDER TOWNSHIP THRIVES THANKS TO ADVANCEMENTS, PATRIOTISM", + "description": "

Online See more by scanning the code.

\n

Yangzom (left) and her sister Zhoigar are given a national flag that flew on Kaishan Island, an outpost in the Yellow Sea by national role model Wang Shihua (right) in 2019.

\n

The two sisters pay their respects to their father.

\n

Zhoigar holds her grandson and talks to her daughter via a WeChat call on Oct 15 in Yulmed.

\n

The owner of a convenience store arranges the goods on a shelf.

\n

Tourists admire the beautiful scenery of Yulmed from the roadside in Shannan, Xizang autonomous region in 2023.

\n

Wei Xin, a representative of the Hunan aid team, presents Children's Day gifts to students at the primary school in Yulmed on June 1, 2022.

\n

Pan Long (left), a doctor from Chuzhou, Anhui province, provides medical checkups to a Tibetan resident in Yulmed on July 20, 2020.

\n

When Pasang Tsering took a teaching job at the school in Yulmed, Xizang autonomous region, in 2007, he was warned by many people that the living conditions in the township located in the southern foothills of the Himalayas were very tough.

\n

But he was still surprised by the reality of everyday life in what was once the least-populated township in China.

\n

"Surrounded by mountains on three sides at an average altitude of more than 5,000 meters, it took me about four days to get to the township from the county seat of Lhunze due to the poor condition of the road," Pasang Tsering said. "I literally had to traverse steep slopes and rugged paths on foot to get to Yulmed. I will never forget that trip."

\n

With an unstable electricity supply from a small hydropower station, even watching TV was a luxury back then. In Yulmed, located in the remote area near the China-India border, communication with the outside world was often cut off, he added.

\n

But things are completely different today. A three-person township decades ago, it is now home to over 200 people and oversees two villages. Pasang Tsering has become the Party chief of one village, also called Yulmed.

\n

With improved infrastructure, such as roads and telecommunications, the locals can access the latest information via social media and have online orders delivered to their doorstep, just like people in Beijing, Pasang Tsering said proudly.

\n

"If a place like Yulmed can thrive so much in less than two decades, the development of Xizang as a whole is even more extraordinary," he said.

\n

People have to get through two mountain passes at an altitude above 5,000 meters to get to Yulmed from Lhunze, Shannan city. Besides the stunning view of the snow-capped mountains and grand valleys, the 10-kilovolt power transmission line extended by the State Grid to Yulmed in 2019 along the well-paved road is also hard to miss.

\n

The reconstruction of a 50-kilometer paved road connecting Yulmed to a neighboring township was completed in the same year with investment of over 500 million yuan ($69.67 million) by the state, which stopped it being snowbound every year.

\n

"Before the reconstruction of the road, Yulmed would become inaccessible to vehicles when it started to snow in October, until at least the following June. The widened and hardened road has fundamentally changed people's life," Pasang Tsering said.

\n

Since 2018, Yulmed has built itself into a prosperous border township with steel-framed houses, an electricity grid, roads, a 5G network, medical care and financial services facilities.

\n

"As life in Yulmed has become more convenient than ever, more young people are willing to come and run businesses including shops, restaurants, family inns and teahouses," he said. "The children can also receive good education via online courses, which is something I wouldn't even dare to dream about when I was a teacher."

\n

Family patrols

\n

Tenzin Samdrup came to Yulmed about 10 years ago, married and had children. The couple run a courier business, which has become increasingly busy.

\n

Delivery services can now reach Yulmed after roads were improved, and it's very convenient for residents to buy things online. In the past, people had to travel for days to buy daily necessities from nearby townships, Tenzin Samdrup, 31, said.

\n

"Nowadays, there are hundreds of express parcels arriving in Yulmed every day. More and more people are shopping online. It's quite something considering how remote Yulmed is."

\n

With improved infrastructure, tourism is also booming, especially between June and September. By the end of 2024, a total of 55 families in the township had set up homestays to accommodate tourists.

\n

Rinchen Phuntsog, the township head, said a tourist service and reception center has been built and is expected to begin operating by the end of this year. "It will be helpful to attract tourists and increase the income of our village collective."

\n

Although the population in Yulmed has continued to grow, between 1964 and 1996 only three people lived in the township — Yangzom, her sister Zhoigar, and their father Sangye Chopa, the former township head.

\n

The family was determined to protect a total of 3,644 square kilometers of township land on the border between China and India.

\n

Yangzom, 62, began patrolling the border with her father when she was 16 years old. He passed away in 2001, but he instilled in her the attitude that protecting the land beneath your feet is to protect your country, she said. Their old residence has been turned into a museum that faithfully recreates the former poor living conditions of the family.

\n

"Many people moved away because life in Yulmed was too tough to endure back then," Yangzom said.

\n

"I asked my father why we must stay. He said if people all moved away, the land beneath would be lost, which is something he wouldn't allow. They were his exact words," she said.

\n

Father's legacy

\n

Zhoigar married a herdsman named Pasang who took on the family responsibility of patrolling the border while also herding his yaks. From the outset, he upheld the traditions established by his wife's father.

\n

"We wanted people to see that there are Chinese people guarding the border. We all do it from our heart and proudly," he said. "As shown to us by Sangye Chopa, we put the Chinese national flag at key intersections near the border to show our presence, which is very important.

\n

"We had to make those flags all by ourselves. Even the red cloth for the flags was hard to source back then, so they were the most valuable things," said Pasang.

\n

A giant slogan in red on a hillside that reads our "Home is Yulmed, country is China" once uttered by Sangye Chopa, is now the most famous landmark in the township.

\n

"Everyone in the village knows the family and its story. Those words still represent the spirit of the Yulmed people," Pasang Tsering, the teacher, said.

\n

Since setting foot in Yulmed, Pasang Tsering has also been taking border patrol trips regularly in the mountains lasting three to five days.

\n

The family's legacy has become well known in China after President Xi Jinping replied to the letter they wrote to him in 2017 introducing Yulmed.

\n

Xi, who is also general secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and chairman of the Central Military Commission, acknowledged the family's efforts to safeguard the territory, and thanked them for the loyalty and contributions they have made in the border area.

\n

"Without the peace in the territory, there will be no peaceful lives for the millions of families," Xi wrote.

\n

Xi also expressed his hope that the family would motivate more people to set down roots in the border area and become guardians of the Chinese territory and constructors of a happy hometown.

\n

In 2021, Zhoigar was awarded the July 1 Medal, the highest honor in the Party established by the CPC Central Committee, for her decades-long guarding of the country's territory.

\n

Since 2018, Xizang has launched a campaign to develop its 624 villages along the 4,000-kilometer border with India, Nepal, Myanmar and Bhutan, which is of great significance to the long-term peace of the region and China's sovereignty.

\n

The region has ramped up policy support for the project, sped up construction in those border areas, and made extensive efforts to improve the livelihoods of residents living there.

\n

Nowadays, the border villages in Xizang have been provided with paved roads, while all the border townships in the region are now connected to power networks and mobile internet services.

\n

Furthermore, local people's access to safe drinking water has been guaranteed, and public facilities have been further improved to make sure local residents can enjoy education and medical care. Specialty industries have also been developed in the region's border areas to promote prosperity for rural residents.

\n

Yangzom now mainly runs a homestay and takes care of her naughty grandson who she believes spends too much time watching cartoons on an electronic tablet.

\n

"I am sure my father would be very happy to see how Yulmed has been developed and transformed," she said, "and I have nothing to worry about now since the younger generation of villagers can have a good life here."

\n

"More importantly, they all understand the importance of protecting the homeland, just like we do," she said.

\n

cuijia@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "content": "

Online See more by scanning the code.

\n

Yangzom (left) and her sister Zhoigar are given a national flag that flew on Kaishan Island, an outpost in the Yellow Sea by national role model Wang Shihua (right) in 2019.

\n

The two sisters pay their respects to their father.

\n

Zhoigar holds her grandson and talks to her daughter via a WeChat call on Oct 15 in Yulmed.

\n

The owner of a convenience store arranges the goods on a shelf.

\n

Tourists admire the beautiful scenery of Yulmed from the roadside in Shannan, Xizang autonomous region in 2023.

\n

Wei Xin, a representative of the Hunan aid team, presents Children's Day gifts to students at the primary school in Yulmed on June 1, 2022.

\n

Pan Long (left), a doctor from Chuzhou, Anhui province, provides medical checkups to a Tibetan resident in Yulmed on July 20, 2020.

\n

When Pasang Tsering took a teaching job at the school in Yulmed, Xizang autonomous region, in 2007, he was warned by many people that the living conditions in the township located in the southern foothills of the Himalayas were very tough.

\n

But he was still surprised by the reality of everyday life in what was once the least-populated township in China.

\n

"Surrounded by mountains on three sides at an average altitude of more than 5,000 meters, it took me about four days to get to the township from the county seat of Lhunze due to the poor condition of the road," Pasang Tsering said. "I literally had to traverse steep slopes and rugged paths on foot to get to Yulmed. I will never forget that trip."

\n

With an unstable electricity supply from a small hydropower station, even watching TV was a luxury back then. In Yulmed, located in the remote area near the China-India border, communication with the outside world was often cut off, he added.

\n

But things are completely different today. A three-person township decades ago, it is now home to over 200 people and oversees two villages. Pasang Tsering has become the Party chief of one village, also called Yulmed.

\n

With improved infrastructure, such as roads and telecommunications, the locals can access the latest information via social media and have online orders delivered to their doorstep, just like people in Beijing, Pasang Tsering said proudly.

\n

"If a place like Yulmed can thrive so much in less than two decades, the development of Xizang as a whole is even more extraordinary," he said.

\n

People have to get through two mountain passes at an altitude above 5,000 meters to get to Yulmed from Lhunze, Shannan city. Besides the stunning view of the snow-capped mountains and grand valleys, the 10-kilovolt power transmission line extended by the State Grid to Yulmed in 2019 along the well-paved road is also hard to miss.

\n

The reconstruction of a 50-kilometer paved road connecting Yulmed to a neighboring township was completed in the same year with investment of over 500 million yuan ($69.67 million) by the state, which stopped it being snowbound every year.

\n

"Before the reconstruction of the road, Yulmed would become inaccessible to vehicles when it started to snow in October, until at least the following June. The widened and hardened road has fundamentally changed people's life," Pasang Tsering said.

\n

Since 2018, Yulmed has built itself into a prosperous border township with steel-framed houses, an electricity grid, roads, a 5G network, medical care and financial services facilities.

\n

"As life in Yulmed has become more convenient than ever, more young people are willing to come and run businesses including shops, restaurants, family inns and teahouses," he said. "The children can also receive good education via online courses, which is something I wouldn't even dare to dream about when I was a teacher."

\n

Family patrols

\n

Tenzin Samdrup came to Yulmed about 10 years ago, married and had children. The couple run a courier business, which has become increasingly busy.

\n

Delivery services can now reach Yulmed after roads were improved, and it's very convenient for residents to buy things online. In the past, people had to travel for days to buy daily necessities from nearby townships, Tenzin Samdrup, 31, said.

\n

"Nowadays, there are hundreds of express parcels arriving in Yulmed every day. More and more people are shopping online. It's quite something considering how remote Yulmed is."

\n

With improved infrastructure, tourism is also booming, especially between June and September. By the end of 2024, a total of 55 families in the township had set up homestays to accommodate tourists.

\n

Rinchen Phuntsog, the township head, said a tourist service and reception center has been built and is expected to begin operating by the end of this year. "It will be helpful to attract tourists and increase the income of our village collective."

\n

Although the population in Yulmed has continued to grow, between 1964 and 1996 only three people lived in the township — Yangzom, her sister Zhoigar, and their father Sangye Chopa, the former township head.

\n

The family was determined to protect a total of 3,644 square kilometers of township land on the border between China and India.

\n

Yangzom, 62, began patrolling the border with her father when she was 16 years old. He passed away in 2001, but he instilled in her the attitude that protecting the land beneath your feet is to protect your country, she said. Their old residence has been turned into a museum that faithfully recreates the former poor living conditions of the family.

\n

"Many people moved away because life in Yulmed was too tough to endure back then," Yangzom said.

\n

"I asked my father why we must stay. He said if people all moved away, the land beneath would be lost, which is something he wouldn't allow. They were his exact words," she said.

\n

Father's legacy

\n

Zhoigar married a herdsman named Pasang who took on the family responsibility of patrolling the border while also herding his yaks. From the outset, he upheld the traditions established by his wife's father.

\n

"We wanted people to see that there are Chinese people guarding the border. We all do it from our heart and proudly," he said. "As shown to us by Sangye Chopa, we put the Chinese national flag at key intersections near the border to show our presence, which is very important.

\n

"We had to make those flags all by ourselves. Even the red cloth for the flags was hard to source back then, so they were the most valuable things," said Pasang.

\n

A giant slogan in red on a hillside that reads our "Home is Yulmed, country is China" once uttered by Sangye Chopa, is now the most famous landmark in the township.

\n

"Everyone in the village knows the family and its story. Those words still represent the spirit of the Yulmed people," Pasang Tsering, the teacher, said.

\n

Since setting foot in Yulmed, Pasang Tsering has also been taking border patrol trips regularly in the mountains lasting three to five days.

\n

The family's legacy has become well known in China after President Xi Jinping replied to the letter they wrote to him in 2017 introducing Yulmed.

\n

Xi, who is also general secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and chairman of the Central Military Commission, acknowledged the family's efforts to safeguard the territory, and thanked them for the loyalty and contributions they have made in the border area.

\n

"Without the peace in the territory, there will be no peaceful lives for the millions of families," Xi wrote.

\n

Xi also expressed his hope that the family would motivate more people to set down roots in the border area and become guardians of the Chinese territory and constructors of a happy hometown.

\n

In 2021, Zhoigar was awarded the July 1 Medal, the highest honor in the Party established by the CPC Central Committee, for her decades-long guarding of the country's territory.

\n

Since 2018, Xizang has launched a campaign to develop its 624 villages along the 4,000-kilometer border with India, Nepal, Myanmar and Bhutan, which is of great significance to the long-term peace of the region and China's sovereignty.

\n

The region has ramped up policy support for the project, sped up construction in those border areas, and made extensive efforts to improve the livelihoods of residents living there.

\n

Nowadays, the border villages in Xizang have been provided with paved roads, while all the border townships in the region are now connected to power networks and mobile internet services.

\n

Furthermore, local people's access to safe drinking water has been guaranteed, and public facilities have been further improved to make sure local residents can enjoy education and medical care. Specialty industries have also been developed in the region's border areas to promote prosperity for rural residents.

\n

Yangzom now mainly runs a homestay and takes care of her naughty grandson who she believes spends too much time watching cartoons on an electronic tablet.

\n

"I am sure my father would be very happy to see how Yulmed has been developed and transformed," she said, "and I have nothing to worry about now since the younger generation of villagers can have a good life here."

\n

"More importantly, they all understand the importance of protecting the homeland, just like we do," she said.

\n

cuijia@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_001_68a79374ed50ccabe1517f3f.htm#001FRONT", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "67368c6129305200a5e671343738cc1f", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "004CHINA - Wings and waves", + "description": "

Tourists ride a speedboat through the waves as dozens of professionally trained wild geese soar gracefully alongside in Shendu town, Huangshan, Anhui province, on Wednesday. This picturesque scene of birds and the boat against clear waters paints a vivid picture of harmony between humans and nature.

\n

", + "content": "

Tourists ride a speedboat through the waves as dozens of professionally trained wild geese soar gracefully alongside in Shendu town, Huangshan, Anhui province, on Wednesday. This picturesque scene of birds and the boat against clear waters paints a vivid picture of harmony between humans and nature.

\n

", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_004_68a79386ed50ccabe1517f44.htm#004CHINA", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "ab6af2b9fb5571e94a4814362ddc5697", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "004CHINA - Complex surgery saves man with rare injury", + "description": "

Doctors in Shanghai have successfully performed an ultra-complex surgery on a man with a severe neck injury akin to an "internal decapitation" after he was struck by a mechanical arm, saving his life.

\n

The 55-year-old patient, surnamed Li, suffered a rare and severe cervical vertebra fracture and dislocation. He underwent reduction and fixation surgery at Shanghai Changzheng Hospital and was discharged in July. Upon release, he was able to move his shoulders and lift his wrists, doctors said.

\n

The accident occurred on May 31 in Changshu, a city in neighboring Jiangsu province, when Li was hit from above by a mechanical arm. The blow caused catastrophic damage to his cervical spine. He immediately suffered high-level paralysis and cardiac arrest at the scene. His weak vital signs were restored only after receiving CPR.

\n

On June 3, Li was transferred to Shanghai Changzheng Hospital. Imaging showed an extremely rare and extensive cervical dislocation, with a severe spinal cord contusion and tearing of critical nerve and vascular structures.

\n

The patient was at a high risk of severe bleeding and vertebral artery injury, potentially causing shock or a fatal stroke. A massive hematoma had formed at the site, causing dangerous drops in blood pressure. He relied on high doses of vasoactive drugs to maintain circulation.

\n

Doctors said any attempt at surgery carried enormous risks, including uncontrollable bleeding, vertebral artery damage and severe cerebrospinal fluid leaks. Many of the challenges had no precedent in medical literature.

\n

Chen Huajiang, deputy director of orthopedics at the hospital, described the case as the most dangerous of his decades-long career.

\n

"My colleagues and I reviewed extensive medical literature, but found no precedent for such a severe cervical separation case, let alone a successful treatment that allowed the sufferer to survive," said Chen, who also heads the hospital's cervical spine surgery unit.

\n

"Various challenges during the surgery were undoubtedly unprecedented and could have potentially led to situations that are hard to manage. However, the certainty of no recovery without surgery left no other option," he said, adding that the determination of the patient's family motivated the medical team to proceed.

\n

The surgery took place on June 18. Using advanced microsurgical techniques, the team removed the hematoma, overcame severe adhesions and deformities, and precisely realigned the severed cervical structures.

\n

Chen said the team also applied an innovative "satellite plate" fixation technique — adding auxiliary plates to the conventional method — to provide extra stability. It was the first use of the technique in such an extreme case.

\n

Before surgery, the team carried out a comprehensive evaluation of the injuries and drafted detailed contingency plans for possible complications such as circulatory collapse. The operation concluded within three hours without any major incidents.

\n

Afterward, Li's condition steadily improved. After he regained consciousness, his vital signs stabilized and the tracheal tube was removed. He was able to sit up with assistance, showing signs of neurological recovery.

\n

Li was discharged on July 9 and is now in rehabilitation to restore upper limb function.

\n

The case has drawn wide attention in China's spinal surgery community, with experts praising the hospital's handling of the unprecedented challenge.

\n

"Our team aims to continue expanding the frontiers of cervical spine surgery and challenging the limits of technology, offering hope to more patients facing life-threatening conditions," Chen said.

\n

zhouwenting@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "content": "

Doctors in Shanghai have successfully performed an ultra-complex surgery on a man with a severe neck injury akin to an "internal decapitation" after he was struck by a mechanical arm, saving his life.

\n

The 55-year-old patient, surnamed Li, suffered a rare and severe cervical vertebra fracture and dislocation. He underwent reduction and fixation surgery at Shanghai Changzheng Hospital and was discharged in July. Upon release, he was able to move his shoulders and lift his wrists, doctors said.

\n

The accident occurred on May 31 in Changshu, a city in neighboring Jiangsu province, when Li was hit from above by a mechanical arm. The blow caused catastrophic damage to his cervical spine. He immediately suffered high-level paralysis and cardiac arrest at the scene. His weak vital signs were restored only after receiving CPR.

\n

On June 3, Li was transferred to Shanghai Changzheng Hospital. Imaging showed an extremely rare and extensive cervical dislocation, with a severe spinal cord contusion and tearing of critical nerve and vascular structures.

\n

The patient was at a high risk of severe bleeding and vertebral artery injury, potentially causing shock or a fatal stroke. A massive hematoma had formed at the site, causing dangerous drops in blood pressure. He relied on high doses of vasoactive drugs to maintain circulation.

\n

Doctors said any attempt at surgery carried enormous risks, including uncontrollable bleeding, vertebral artery damage and severe cerebrospinal fluid leaks. Many of the challenges had no precedent in medical literature.

\n

Chen Huajiang, deputy director of orthopedics at the hospital, described the case as the most dangerous of his decades-long career.

\n

"My colleagues and I reviewed extensive medical literature, but found no precedent for such a severe cervical separation case, let alone a successful treatment that allowed the sufferer to survive," said Chen, who also heads the hospital's cervical spine surgery unit.

\n

"Various challenges during the surgery were undoubtedly unprecedented and could have potentially led to situations that are hard to manage. However, the certainty of no recovery without surgery left no other option," he said, adding that the determination of the patient's family motivated the medical team to proceed.

\n

The surgery took place on June 18. Using advanced microsurgical techniques, the team removed the hematoma, overcame severe adhesions and deformities, and precisely realigned the severed cervical structures.

\n

Chen said the team also applied an innovative "satellite plate" fixation technique — adding auxiliary plates to the conventional method — to provide extra stability. It was the first use of the technique in such an extreme case.

\n

Before surgery, the team carried out a comprehensive evaluation of the injuries and drafted detailed contingency plans for possible complications such as circulatory collapse. The operation concluded within three hours without any major incidents.

\n

Afterward, Li's condition steadily improved. After he regained consciousness, his vital signs stabilized and the tracheal tube was removed. He was able to sit up with assistance, showing signs of neurological recovery.

\n

Li was discharged on July 9 and is now in rehabilitation to restore upper limb function.

\n

The case has drawn wide attention in China's spinal surgery community, with experts praising the hospital's handling of the unprecedented challenge.

\n

"Our team aims to continue expanding the frontiers of cervical spine surgery and challenging the limits of technology, offering hope to more patients facing life-threatening conditions," Chen said.

\n

zhouwenting@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_004_68a7938fed50ccabe1517f46.htm#004CHINA", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "7f125b33a3d1edfc50e56e2ff612c9ba", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "004CHINA - 60 YEARS OF PROGRESS MARKED", + "description": "

President Xi Jinping, who is also general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, attends a grand gathering on Thursday at the Potala Palace square in Lhasa, capital of the Xizang autonomous region, to mark the region's 60th founding anniversary.

\n

Residents at a mass parade during the grand gathering in Lhasa on Thursday.

\n

Thousands take part in the celebrations with the Potala Palace in the background.

\n

President Xi Jinping joined around 20,000 local officials and people from all ethnic groups and all walks of life in a grand gathering on Thursday at the Potala Palace square in Lhasa to mark the 60th founding anniversary of the Xizang autonomous region.

\n

Xi, who is also general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, arrived in the regional capital on Wednesday with a central delegation to attend the festivities.

\n

It was the first time in the history of the Party and the country that a leader attended such an event in the capacities of general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, Chinese president and chairman of the CMC.

\n

The gathering commenced at 10 am, with all attendees standing to sing the national anthem. The bright five-starred national flag was hoisted solemnly at the site.

\n

A congratulatory message from the CPC Central Committee, the National People's Congress Standing Committee, the State Council, the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference National Committee and the CMC was read out.

\n

Wang Huning, chairman of the CPPCC National Committee and head of the central delegation, then presented a plaque bearing Xi's inscription, "Jointly building a community for the Chinese nation, writing a new chapter for a beautiful Xizang," as a congratulatory gift.

\n

Cai Qi, director of the General Office of the CPC Central Committee, was also present at the gathering.

\n

Addressing the event, Wang said the founding of the Xizang autonomous region in September 1965 marked an epoch-making event.

\n

Over the past six decades, Xizang has made significant strides in economic and social development, fully demonstrating the strong leadership of the CPC and the clear political strength of China's socialist system, he said.

\n

Wang said that since the 18th CPC National Congress in 2012, Xizang has entered its best period of development and made the most substantial progress, with people of all ethnic groups benefiting more than ever before.

\n

He emphasized that Xizang is an inalienable part of China, and its affairs are purely China's internal affairs, which brook no interference from external forces.

\n

Any attempt to split the motherland and undermine Xizang's stability is doomed to fail, he said.

\n

Wang also called for efforts to consolidate and develop ethnic solidarity, promote high-quality socioeconomic development, and continuously improve people's well-being to advance common prosperity in Xizang.

\n

Drolma Renzin, a 73-year-old Lhasa resident, gave a speech as a representative of the local people, saying that she still remembered how the news of the autonomous region's founding spread swiftly across the plateau.

\n

"Sixty years may be just a fleeting moment in the long river of history, but for the people of Xizang, it has been an epic of endeavor and transformation," she said.

\n

The ceremony concluded with a vibrant mass parade in an auspicious and festive atmosphere with music and dance. Twenty-six formations of floats, including seven representing Xizang's seven prefecture-level cities, and performers marched past in colorful costumes, expressing joy over their new lives and gratitude to the Party and the country. Xi and other leaders waved to the crowds.

\n

When the float from Shigatse passed, performers in traditional attire moved in the bold and vigorous steps of Gyashe, a traditional Tibetan dance, to the beat of drums and music, showcasing the unity and vitality of people living at the foot of Qomolangma, known as Mount Everest in the West.

\n

The audience waved their flags to cheer and show support for the prefecture, which had endured a magnitude 6.8 earthquake earlier this year.

\n

Meanwhile, in Zingkar village of Dingri county, one of the hardest-hit areas, residents watched the celebration from their new homes. Last week, the village, with 126 households, completed its resettlement with government support.

\n

"With the care of General Secretary Xi and help from the Party and government, all of our villagers have moved into new houses," said Nyima Tsering, the village head.

\n

"From here on, we will continue to build a better life with our own hands under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee."

\n

Xi left Xizang after attending the founding anniversary celebrations.

\n

Following Xi's instructions, the central delegation headed by Wang Huning will visit various parts of Xizang from Thursday to Saturday to extend greetings and support to people of all ethnic groups and sectors.

\n

Xi's entourage, including senior official Cai Qi, returned on the same flight.

\n

Contact the writers at mojingxi@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "content": "

President Xi Jinping, who is also general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, attends a grand gathering on Thursday at the Potala Palace square in Lhasa, capital of the Xizang autonomous region, to mark the region's 60th founding anniversary.

\n

Residents at a mass parade during the grand gathering in Lhasa on Thursday.

\n

Thousands take part in the celebrations with the Potala Palace in the background.

\n

President Xi Jinping joined around 20,000 local officials and people from all ethnic groups and all walks of life in a grand gathering on Thursday at the Potala Palace square in Lhasa to mark the 60th founding anniversary of the Xizang autonomous region.

\n

Xi, who is also general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, arrived in the regional capital on Wednesday with a central delegation to attend the festivities.

\n

It was the first time in the history of the Party and the country that a leader attended such an event in the capacities of general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, Chinese president and chairman of the CMC.

\n

The gathering commenced at 10 am, with all attendees standing to sing the national anthem. The bright five-starred national flag was hoisted solemnly at the site.

\n

A congratulatory message from the CPC Central Committee, the National People's Congress Standing Committee, the State Council, the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference National Committee and the CMC was read out.

\n

Wang Huning, chairman of the CPPCC National Committee and head of the central delegation, then presented a plaque bearing Xi's inscription, "Jointly building a community for the Chinese nation, writing a new chapter for a beautiful Xizang," as a congratulatory gift.

\n

Cai Qi, director of the General Office of the CPC Central Committee, was also present at the gathering.

\n

Addressing the event, Wang said the founding of the Xizang autonomous region in September 1965 marked an epoch-making event.

\n

Over the past six decades, Xizang has made significant strides in economic and social development, fully demonstrating the strong leadership of the CPC and the clear political strength of China's socialist system, he said.

\n

Wang said that since the 18th CPC National Congress in 2012, Xizang has entered its best period of development and made the most substantial progress, with people of all ethnic groups benefiting more than ever before.

\n

He emphasized that Xizang is an inalienable part of China, and its affairs are purely China's internal affairs, which brook no interference from external forces.

\n

Any attempt to split the motherland and undermine Xizang's stability is doomed to fail, he said.

\n

Wang also called for efforts to consolidate and develop ethnic solidarity, promote high-quality socioeconomic development, and continuously improve people's well-being to advance common prosperity in Xizang.

\n

Drolma Renzin, a 73-year-old Lhasa resident, gave a speech as a representative of the local people, saying that she still remembered how the news of the autonomous region's founding spread swiftly across the plateau.

\n

"Sixty years may be just a fleeting moment in the long river of history, but for the people of Xizang, it has been an epic of endeavor and transformation," she said.

\n

The ceremony concluded with a vibrant mass parade in an auspicious and festive atmosphere with music and dance. Twenty-six formations of floats, including seven representing Xizang's seven prefecture-level cities, and performers marched past in colorful costumes, expressing joy over their new lives and gratitude to the Party and the country. Xi and other leaders waved to the crowds.

\n

When the float from Shigatse passed, performers in traditional attire moved in the bold and vigorous steps of Gyashe, a traditional Tibetan dance, to the beat of drums and music, showcasing the unity and vitality of people living at the foot of Qomolangma, known as Mount Everest in the West.

\n

The audience waved their flags to cheer and show support for the prefecture, which had endured a magnitude 6.8 earthquake earlier this year.

\n

Meanwhile, in Zingkar village of Dingri county, one of the hardest-hit areas, residents watched the celebration from their new homes. Last week, the village, with 126 households, completed its resettlement with government support.

\n

"With the care of General Secretary Xi and help from the Party and government, all of our villagers have moved into new houses," said Nyima Tsering, the village head.

\n

"From here on, we will continue to build a better life with our own hands under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee."

\n

Xi left Xizang after attending the founding anniversary celebrations.

\n

Following Xi's instructions, the central delegation headed by Wang Huning will visit various parts of Xizang from Thursday to Saturday to extend greetings and support to people of all ethnic groups and sectors.

\n

Xi's entourage, including senior official Cai Qi, returned on the same flight.

\n

Contact the writers at mojingxi@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_004_68a79390ed50ccabe1517f48.htm#004CHINA", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "fa514b33faa884451b9db0670e9f962e", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "005CHINA - Tajik geologist finds home in border region", + "description": "
\n

Dzhovid Yogibekov delivers a speech on anti-desertification at a symposium held by the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

\n

For nearly 10 years, Tajik geologist Dzhovid Yogibekov has made his life in Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, where his studies have grown into a deep connection with local society.

\n

In 2016, at the suggestion of his professor in Tajikistan, Yogibekov applied to study for a master's degree in geology at the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, part of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. It was his first time setting foot in the region.

\n

Xinjiang, which borders Tajikistan, is easily accessible from his home country. Yogibekov said he could reach Tajikistan in just a few hours via the Karasu Port in Kashgar, which makes it more convenient for him to study in the region.

\n

After completing his master's degree, Yogibekov decided to remain in Xinjiang to pursue a doctorate.

\n

"There is no restriction to study, the experiment facilities are well-equipped and the research team is well-organized," he said.

\n

Since 2016, he has witnessed rapid urban growth and technological advances, particularly in the fight against desertification.

\n

"One of the main aspects that surprised me was how fast China is developing and how people are devoting themselves to the popularization of science, technology and the landscaping of desert regions," he said.

\n

He credited these efforts with helping control sandstorms and improve air quality, which in turn has created better living conditions.

\n

Yogibekov noted that international students and teachers are increasingly coming to Xinjiang to share knowledge, further enriching the academic environment.

\n

Outside of research, he took part in tree-planting efforts in Urumqi for three years.

\n

"I was amazed by the way people are afforesting deserts," he said, emphasizing that ecological transformation requires a multidisciplinary approach, including geology.

\n

He pointed to China's "Great Green Wall" — the Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program designed to slow the Gobi Desert's expansion — as a model that could benefit other countries, including Tajikistan.

\n

Yogibekov's life in Xinjiang has also been shaped by cultural ties. While Tajikistan's Persian-Tajik language and traditions differ from those of Uygur and Han communities, he has connected closely with Xinjiang's ethnic Tajik population.

\n

"Their languages are identical to those of Tajikistan's Pamir region, and their dress and dance styles are exactly the same," he said.

\n

China is making efforts to preserve the cultures of all its ethnic groups, he added.

\n

Yogibekov said he sees himself as a bridge between China and Tajikistan.

\n

"Student exchanges are key to mutual understanding," he said.

\n

Despite differences among countries and ethnicities," human nature is the same," he said, adding that learning local languages and cultures is vital to reducing misunderstandings.

\n

", + "content": "
\n

Dzhovid Yogibekov delivers a speech on anti-desertification at a symposium held by the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

\n

For nearly 10 years, Tajik geologist Dzhovid Yogibekov has made his life in Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, where his studies have grown into a deep connection with local society.

\n

In 2016, at the suggestion of his professor in Tajikistan, Yogibekov applied to study for a master's degree in geology at the Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, part of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. It was his first time setting foot in the region.

\n

Xinjiang, which borders Tajikistan, is easily accessible from his home country. Yogibekov said he could reach Tajikistan in just a few hours via the Karasu Port in Kashgar, which makes it more convenient for him to study in the region.

\n

After completing his master's degree, Yogibekov decided to remain in Xinjiang to pursue a doctorate.

\n

"There is no restriction to study, the experiment facilities are well-equipped and the research team is well-organized," he said.

\n

Since 2016, he has witnessed rapid urban growth and technological advances, particularly in the fight against desertification.

\n

"One of the main aspects that surprised me was how fast China is developing and how people are devoting themselves to the popularization of science, technology and the landscaping of desert regions," he said.

\n

He credited these efforts with helping control sandstorms and improve air quality, which in turn has created better living conditions.

\n

Yogibekov noted that international students and teachers are increasingly coming to Xinjiang to share knowledge, further enriching the academic environment.

\n

Outside of research, he took part in tree-planting efforts in Urumqi for three years.

\n

"I was amazed by the way people are afforesting deserts," he said, emphasizing that ecological transformation requires a multidisciplinary approach, including geology.

\n

He pointed to China's "Great Green Wall" — the Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program designed to slow the Gobi Desert's expansion — as a model that could benefit other countries, including Tajikistan.

\n

Yogibekov's life in Xinjiang has also been shaped by cultural ties. While Tajikistan's Persian-Tajik language and traditions differ from those of Uygur and Han communities, he has connected closely with Xinjiang's ethnic Tajik population.

\n

"Their languages are identical to those of Tajikistan's Pamir region, and their dress and dance styles are exactly the same," he said.

\n

China is making efforts to preserve the cultures of all its ethnic groups, he added.

\n

Yogibekov said he sees himself as a bridge between China and Tajikistan.

\n

"Student exchanges are key to mutual understanding," he said.

\n

Despite differences among countries and ethnicities," human nature is the same," he said, adding that learning local languages and cultures is vital to reducing misunderstandings.

\n

", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_005_68a79398ed50ccabe1517f4a.htm#005CHINA", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "26e3d1d8fa251f8160c3591613529a1c", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "007CHINA - Master of Zhangshu TCM works to pass on legacy", + "description": "

Yuan Xiaoping (left) demonstrates how thin he can cut traditional Chinese herbs into pieces at Tianqitang pharmacy in Zhangshu, Jiangxi province.

\n

Each morning, the soft sound of slicing fills the air at a processing workshop in Zhangshu, Jiangxi province.

\n

Yuan Xiaoping, 69, stands by his workbench, skillfully slicing white peony root into translucent pieces. The technique may seem effortless, but it is the result of more than 50 years of disciplined practice.

\n

Yuan is a nationally recognized inheritor of the Zhangshu traditional Chinese medicine processing technique, a form of craftsmanship designated as national intangible cultural heritage in 2018.

\n

For over 1,800 years, Zhangshu — known as China's medicine capital — has perfected the art of traditional herb processing, transforming raw plants into precise medicine.

\n

This craft, known as Zhangbang techniques, relies on four signature tools: razor-sharp knives for paper-thin slicing, copper pots for controlled heating, mineral-rich local water, and secret methods passed from master to apprentice.

\n

Born into a family with a tradition in Chinese medicine, Yuan began working as an apprentice at the old Tianqitang pharmacy at the age of 16.

\n

He later studied under master craftsman Yu Shouxiang, known locally as the "First Blade of Zhangshu", who was renowned for his expertise in medicinal cutting.

\n

Yuan dedicated decades to mastering core skills of the craft, including specialized methods such as wine-steaming and honey-frying.

\n

For him, the heart of the craft lies in two skills: cutting and processing.

\n

"Whether stir-frying, soaking, steaming, or curing — even drying, sun-baking, slicing, or storing — every step demands precision. But it's the knife work that truly stands out: each slice cut to perfect thickness, almost like art.

\n

"Processing is not just about preparing herbs," Yuan said.

\n

"It demands reverence for the innate properties of medicinal materials and the application of precise methods to unlock their therapeutic value."

\n

In 2002, Yuan Xiaoping founded the Tianqitang Decoction Pieces Company, integrating TCM processing techniques with standardized modern production protocols. That same year, he established a dedicated training workshop to cultivate the next generation of TCM technicians.

\n

By creating the company and cultivation bases, Yuan has built a complete industrial chain — from herbal cultivation and harvesting to processing, production, and sales of TCM decoction pieces.

\n

By the end of 2024, Tianqitang Decoction Pieces reported annual revenue of 323 million yuan, driving a big growth in Zhangshu's traditional medicine industry.

\n

To sustain the tradition, Yuan organizes regular skills competitions and invites retired master workers to teach apprentices on-site. Nearly 40 percent of his technicians are under the age of 25.

\n

"Young people can carry the tradition forward if given the chance," he said. His students include Zhu Fulin and Liu Honglian, who now take on leadership roles themselves.

\n

Yuan's efforts are supported by local government initiatives.

\n

Zhangshu has introduced subsidy programs for certified heritage bearers and their apprentices. Yuan himself was named a TCM processing master of Jiangxi province, and his workshop was designated as a provincial intangible cultural heritage studio.

\n

In addition to training, Yuan has partnered with vocational colleges to build hands-on training centers in recent years.

\n

Students in TCM programs now visit regularly to learn slicing, roasting, and pill-making techniques in a real production environment. He has also contributed to the drafting of technical manuals and participated in regional research projects aimed at systematizing traditional practices.

\n

Despite modern production technologies, Yuan believes many essential steps remain dependent on experience.

\n

"Machines can cut, but they can't read the color, smell or texture of herbs," he said.

\n

His workshop has slowly become a space for education, exchange, and even tourism, attracting visitors — including students, researchers and herbal medicine retailers — who are curious about a tradition that continues to inform modern pharmaceutical practices.

\n

So far, Yuan has conducted 23 consecutive training workshops for specialized TCM technicians, educating over 1,500 practitioners.

\n

"Some techniques are simple in appearance, but they require years of repetition to do well," Yuan said. "And only when passed down can they truly stay alive."

\n

zhaoruinan@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "content": "

Yuan Xiaoping (left) demonstrates how thin he can cut traditional Chinese herbs into pieces at Tianqitang pharmacy in Zhangshu, Jiangxi province.

\n

Each morning, the soft sound of slicing fills the air at a processing workshop in Zhangshu, Jiangxi province.

\n

Yuan Xiaoping, 69, stands by his workbench, skillfully slicing white peony root into translucent pieces. The technique may seem effortless, but it is the result of more than 50 years of disciplined practice.

\n

Yuan is a nationally recognized inheritor of the Zhangshu traditional Chinese medicine processing technique, a form of craftsmanship designated as national intangible cultural heritage in 2018.

\n

For over 1,800 years, Zhangshu — known as China's medicine capital — has perfected the art of traditional herb processing, transforming raw plants into precise medicine.

\n

This craft, known as Zhangbang techniques, relies on four signature tools: razor-sharp knives for paper-thin slicing, copper pots for controlled heating, mineral-rich local water, and secret methods passed from master to apprentice.

\n

Born into a family with a tradition in Chinese medicine, Yuan began working as an apprentice at the old Tianqitang pharmacy at the age of 16.

\n

He later studied under master craftsman Yu Shouxiang, known locally as the "First Blade of Zhangshu", who was renowned for his expertise in medicinal cutting.

\n

Yuan dedicated decades to mastering core skills of the craft, including specialized methods such as wine-steaming and honey-frying.

\n

For him, the heart of the craft lies in two skills: cutting and processing.

\n

"Whether stir-frying, soaking, steaming, or curing — even drying, sun-baking, slicing, or storing — every step demands precision. But it's the knife work that truly stands out: each slice cut to perfect thickness, almost like art.

\n

"Processing is not just about preparing herbs," Yuan said.

\n

"It demands reverence for the innate properties of medicinal materials and the application of precise methods to unlock their therapeutic value."

\n

In 2002, Yuan Xiaoping founded the Tianqitang Decoction Pieces Company, integrating TCM processing techniques with standardized modern production protocols. That same year, he established a dedicated training workshop to cultivate the next generation of TCM technicians.

\n

By creating the company and cultivation bases, Yuan has built a complete industrial chain — from herbal cultivation and harvesting to processing, production, and sales of TCM decoction pieces.

\n

By the end of 2024, Tianqitang Decoction Pieces reported annual revenue of 323 million yuan, driving a big growth in Zhangshu's traditional medicine industry.

\n

To sustain the tradition, Yuan organizes regular skills competitions and invites retired master workers to teach apprentices on-site. Nearly 40 percent of his technicians are under the age of 25.

\n

"Young people can carry the tradition forward if given the chance," he said. His students include Zhu Fulin and Liu Honglian, who now take on leadership roles themselves.

\n

Yuan's efforts are supported by local government initiatives.

\n

Zhangshu has introduced subsidy programs for certified heritage bearers and their apprentices. Yuan himself was named a TCM processing master of Jiangxi province, and his workshop was designated as a provincial intangible cultural heritage studio.

\n

In addition to training, Yuan has partnered with vocational colleges to build hands-on training centers in recent years.

\n

Students in TCM programs now visit regularly to learn slicing, roasting, and pill-making techniques in a real production environment. He has also contributed to the drafting of technical manuals and participated in regional research projects aimed at systematizing traditional practices.

\n

Despite modern production technologies, Yuan believes many essential steps remain dependent on experience.

\n

"Machines can cut, but they can't read the color, smell or texture of herbs," he said.

\n

His workshop has slowly become a space for education, exchange, and even tourism, attracting visitors — including students, researchers and herbal medicine retailers — who are curious about a tradition that continues to inform modern pharmaceutical practices.

\n

So far, Yuan has conducted 23 consecutive training workshops for specialized TCM technicians, educating over 1,500 practitioners.

\n

"Some techniques are simple in appearance, but they require years of repetition to do well," Yuan said. "And only when passed down can they truly stay alive."

\n

zhaoruinan@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_007_68a793aeed50ccabe1517f4f.htm#007CHINA", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "aea2f723396e9d31cde0f88c2f39f6f2", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "008COMMENT - Autonomous region's 60th anniversary starts new chapter for beautiful Xizang", + "description": "

Fully demonstrating the effectiveness of the strong leadership of the Communist Party of China and the strengths of China's socialist system, people of all ethnic groups in the Xizang autonomous region have benefited more than ever before from development since the 18th National Congress of the CPC in 2012. The new development philosophy that was adopted and has been enriched ever since enabled Xizang, along with the rest of the country, to win the battle to eradicate extreme poverty and realize a moderately prosperous society in all respects in the new era.

\n

This was the culmination of decades of dedicated efforts to promote the autonomous region's development after its establishment in 1965. Between that year and 2024, the central government invested a total of 2.6 trillion yuan ($362.3 billion) in Xizang. A further 64.3 billion yuan was invested in the region since the 1990s through the paired-up assistance system in which 17 provinces and municipalities, central enterprises, and central financial institutions provide targeted support for counties and districts in the autonomous region that they are respectively assigned to assist. This system has also sent over 14,000 selected civil servants, professional and talents to work in Xizang for about three years in 11 batches by now.

\n

Yet the region cannot rest on its development achievements. Promoting the high-quality socioeconomic development of Xizang should always be the focus of local authorities, which should apply to the letter the new development philosophy of innovative, coordinated, green and open development that is for everyone.

\n

To that end, the local authorities must thoroughly carry out anti-secession efforts to ensure the consolidation and security of the border so as to ensure a stable environment for development as was urged by the central authorities at a grand gathering held on Thursday in Lhasa, capital of the autonomous region, to mark the 60th anniversary of its founding.

\n

The local authorities must unswervingly consolidate and develop ethnic unity by strengthening the exchanges and integration among all ethnic groups, and the identification of all ethnic groups with the motherland, the Chinese nation, Chinese culture, the Party, and socialism with Chinese characteristics, so as to ensure they fully identify themselves as members of the great Chinese family.

\n

In the process, local authorities should adhere to a people-centered approach and continuously improve people's well-being and promote common prosperity so as to ensure the fruits of high-quality development benefit all ethnic groups in Xizang, and local people have a greater sense of gain, fulfillment and security. To help the region promote ethnic unity and progress on all fronts, the central authorities have pledged to continue to increase their input and strengthen support for Xizang's development in the future.

\n

The remarkable development of the autonomous region over the past 60 years fully demonstrates that only under the leadership of the CPC, adhering to the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, upholding the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and adhering to the Party's guidelines on the governance of Xizang in the new era, can prosperity and progress be achieved in the autonomous region, and the people of all ethnic groups in Xizang live a happy life.

\n

With China at a critical juncture in building itself into a modern socialist country in all respects, Xizang's modernization drive stands at a new historical starting point.

\n

The region should have the confidence that under the leadership of the Party and with the full support of the nation, it will be able to accomplish the four tasks of ensuring stability, facilitating development, protecting the eco-environment, and strengthening the borders.

\n

In doing so, Xizang will open a new and splendid era of long-term peace and stability and high-quality development for itself.

\n

", + "content": "

Fully demonstrating the effectiveness of the strong leadership of the Communist Party of China and the strengths of China's socialist system, people of all ethnic groups in the Xizang autonomous region have benefited more than ever before from development since the 18th National Congress of the CPC in 2012. The new development philosophy that was adopted and has been enriched ever since enabled Xizang, along with the rest of the country, to win the battle to eradicate extreme poverty and realize a moderately prosperous society in all respects in the new era.

\n

This was the culmination of decades of dedicated efforts to promote the autonomous region's development after its establishment in 1965. Between that year and 2024, the central government invested a total of 2.6 trillion yuan ($362.3 billion) in Xizang. A further 64.3 billion yuan was invested in the region since the 1990s through the paired-up assistance system in which 17 provinces and municipalities, central enterprises, and central financial institutions provide targeted support for counties and districts in the autonomous region that they are respectively assigned to assist. This system has also sent over 14,000 selected civil servants, professional and talents to work in Xizang for about three years in 11 batches by now.

\n

Yet the region cannot rest on its development achievements. Promoting the high-quality socioeconomic development of Xizang should always be the focus of local authorities, which should apply to the letter the new development philosophy of innovative, coordinated, green and open development that is for everyone.

\n

To that end, the local authorities must thoroughly carry out anti-secession efforts to ensure the consolidation and security of the border so as to ensure a stable environment for development as was urged by the central authorities at a grand gathering held on Thursday in Lhasa, capital of the autonomous region, to mark the 60th anniversary of its founding.

\n

The local authorities must unswervingly consolidate and develop ethnic unity by strengthening the exchanges and integration among all ethnic groups, and the identification of all ethnic groups with the motherland, the Chinese nation, Chinese culture, the Party, and socialism with Chinese characteristics, so as to ensure they fully identify themselves as members of the great Chinese family.

\n

In the process, local authorities should adhere to a people-centered approach and continuously improve people's well-being and promote common prosperity so as to ensure the fruits of high-quality development benefit all ethnic groups in Xizang, and local people have a greater sense of gain, fulfillment and security. To help the region promote ethnic unity and progress on all fronts, the central authorities have pledged to continue to increase their input and strengthen support for Xizang's development in the future.

\n

The remarkable development of the autonomous region over the past 60 years fully demonstrates that only under the leadership of the CPC, adhering to the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics, upholding the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and adhering to the Party's guidelines on the governance of Xizang in the new era, can prosperity and progress be achieved in the autonomous region, and the people of all ethnic groups in Xizang live a happy life.

\n

With China at a critical juncture in building itself into a modern socialist country in all respects, Xizang's modernization drive stands at a new historical starting point.

\n

The region should have the confidence that under the leadership of the Party and with the full support of the nation, it will be able to accomplish the four tasks of ensuring stability, facilitating development, protecting the eco-environment, and strengthening the borders.

\n

In doing so, Xizang will open a new and splendid era of long-term peace and stability and high-quality development for itself.

\n

", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_008_68a793b7ed50ccabe1517f51.htm#008COMMENT", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "8b9b6a5815b0b009bd1d252a79e85a49", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "008COMMENT - Picture news", + "description": "

\n


获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", + "content": "

\n


获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_008_68a793bfed50ccabe1517f53.htm#008COMMENT", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "9ad265b720ef4f24cb6624ba4b35c521", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "008COMMENT - Openness and cooperation key for AI development", + "description": "

Editor's Note: Artificial intelligence is reshaping human civilization through a chain reaction of "technological breakthroughs-industrial integration-social restructuring". AI has evolved from a single technological tool into a core engine driving economic, social and cultural transformation. Qi Guojun, a distinguished scientist of the Association for Computing Machinery and professor at Westlake University, spoke to Chinanews.com about the changes that AI would bring about in the economy and whether the global dialogue on AI is about competition or coexistence. Below are excerpts from the interview. The views don't necessarily represent those of China Daily.

\n

There is not sufficient evidence or scientific consensus to suggest that AI will develop self-awareness. Such ideas remain largely within the realm of science fiction. Nevertheless, development of the technology does present new challenges, although such issues are not unique to AI. The emergence of any new technology, such as the internet, has historically been accompanied by problems such as piracy and spread of harmful content in the case of the internet.

\n

But the overall positive impact of AI on society far outweighs the negative. AI brings significant value by advancing productivity, expanding application scenarios, creating new categories of employment and optimizing industrial structures. Indeed, there are already many cases of the positive impact of AI. For example, AI is widely applied in customer service, which has improved productivity. While this has put pressure on employment, it has also generated new and higher-paying jobs in the data industry. In creative sectors, such as digital humans, animation and art production, AI has replaced more than 90 percent of repetitive work. The advertising industry and data-processing-related sectors have also undergone major changes.

\n

Looking ahead, AI will play a powerful role in improving productivity across all industries. Much like the first stage of internet development, which initially boosted productivity, the next stage may see the rise of new enterprises that are native to the AI ecosystem. Within the next five years, large-scale enterprises borne from AI will emerge, with the potential to exert a profound influence on the global economy for the next 20-30 years.

\n

As for the future dialogue on AI, it will involve both competition and coexistence, but coexistence will outweigh competition. In this context, two dimensions of competition, speed and openness, are particularly critical.

\n

With regard to speed, the AI industry shares similarities with the internet sector. Because technological exchanges are frequent, no one can monopolize technology for long. The true advantage lies in scale, where speed and openness determine success. Whoever moves faster can attract more users, acquire more data and iterate their models more efficiently, creating a positive feedback loop, the so-called flywheel effect. Once the flywheel turns, both scale and influence will continue to expand.

\n

If a model is used on a small scale, it will not be able to attract enough users to form a sustainable commercial cycle. Without growth in data and users, it cannot fully understand user intentions and application scenarios, making it difficult for it to improve performance. This is why AI development must move toward greater openness, encouraging more users to participate in order to generate positive feedback. This is the essence of open competition in AI.

\n

Successful internet and IT enterprises are inevitably global, or at least exert significant cross-border influence. In the process, mutual reinforcement creates a relationship of coexistence. For instance, cooperation can be carried out in areas such as data governance and AI ethical standards. AI's positive spillover effects will extend worldwide, with technology sharing becoming a natural outcome.

\n

Academic exchange also strengthens coexistence. The AI field is highly open, with a large volume of new research shared in academic journals, at conferences and on open platforms. Through these exchanges, knowledge is disseminated, new ideas are shared and technological progress gets accelerated.

\n

", + "content": "

Editor's Note: Artificial intelligence is reshaping human civilization through a chain reaction of "technological breakthroughs-industrial integration-social restructuring". AI has evolved from a single technological tool into a core engine driving economic, social and cultural transformation. Qi Guojun, a distinguished scientist of the Association for Computing Machinery and professor at Westlake University, spoke to Chinanews.com about the changes that AI would bring about in the economy and whether the global dialogue on AI is about competition or coexistence. Below are excerpts from the interview. The views don't necessarily represent those of China Daily.

\n

There is not sufficient evidence or scientific consensus to suggest that AI will develop self-awareness. Such ideas remain largely within the realm of science fiction. Nevertheless, development of the technology does present new challenges, although such issues are not unique to AI. The emergence of any new technology, such as the internet, has historically been accompanied by problems such as piracy and spread of harmful content in the case of the internet.

\n

But the overall positive impact of AI on society far outweighs the negative. AI brings significant value by advancing productivity, expanding application scenarios, creating new categories of employment and optimizing industrial structures. Indeed, there are already many cases of the positive impact of AI. For example, AI is widely applied in customer service, which has improved productivity. While this has put pressure on employment, it has also generated new and higher-paying jobs in the data industry. In creative sectors, such as digital humans, animation and art production, AI has replaced more than 90 percent of repetitive work. The advertising industry and data-processing-related sectors have also undergone major changes.

\n

Looking ahead, AI will play a powerful role in improving productivity across all industries. Much like the first stage of internet development, which initially boosted productivity, the next stage may see the rise of new enterprises that are native to the AI ecosystem. Within the next five years, large-scale enterprises borne from AI will emerge, with the potential to exert a profound influence on the global economy for the next 20-30 years.

\n

As for the future dialogue on AI, it will involve both competition and coexistence, but coexistence will outweigh competition. In this context, two dimensions of competition, speed and openness, are particularly critical.

\n

With regard to speed, the AI industry shares similarities with the internet sector. Because technological exchanges are frequent, no one can monopolize technology for long. The true advantage lies in scale, where speed and openness determine success. Whoever moves faster can attract more users, acquire more data and iterate their models more efficiently, creating a positive feedback loop, the so-called flywheel effect. Once the flywheel turns, both scale and influence will continue to expand.

\n

If a model is used on a small scale, it will not be able to attract enough users to form a sustainable commercial cycle. Without growth in data and users, it cannot fully understand user intentions and application scenarios, making it difficult for it to improve performance. This is why AI development must move toward greater openness, encouraging more users to participate in order to generate positive feedback. This is the essence of open competition in AI.

\n

Successful internet and IT enterprises are inevitably global, or at least exert significant cross-border influence. In the process, mutual reinforcement creates a relationship of coexistence. For instance, cooperation can be carried out in areas such as data governance and AI ethical standards. AI's positive spillover effects will extend worldwide, with technology sharing becoming a natural outcome.

\n

Academic exchange also strengthens coexistence. The AI field is highly open, with a large volume of new research shared in academic journals, at conferences and on open platforms. Through these exchanges, knowledge is disseminated, new ideas are shared and technological progress gets accelerated.

\n

", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_008_68a793c8ed50ccabe1517f55.htm#008COMMENT", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "27293aa331827fe2b00c0a875553a6bb", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "009VIEWS - DPP's separatist agenda is bound to failure", + "description": "
\n

The Democratic Progressive Party authorities in Taiwan are once again resorting to historical revisionism. A senior official of the island has claimed that the "San Francisco Peace Treaty" replaced the Cairo Declaration and the Potsdam Proclamation, which called for Japan's unconditional surrender in World War II and the return of Taiwan to China. He also claimed that the treaty did not call for transfer of Taiwan to China.

\n

This argument is not only legally baseless but also politically contrived — a rhetoric the DPP has long been recycling to push forward its "Taiwan independence "agenda. The argument twists international law, ignores binding wartime agreements, and amounts to political theater.

\n

The DPP's habit of cloaking separatist ambitions in high-sounding language is nothing new. Two months ago, Taiwan leader Lai Ching-te announced a political campaign in the name of fostering "unity", delivering his so-called "ten talks" in a bid to sway public opinion. On the surface, his language sounds lofty — filled with words like "peace", "democracy", and "solidarity".But behind his carefully choreographed performance lies a much more troubling reality: a calculated effort to repackage separatist ambitions in the language of hope, while driving a wedge between the Chinese people on the two sides of the Taiwan Strait.

\n

At the heart of Lai's campaign is a play of words, aimed at normalizing "Taiwan independence" through linguistic manipulation. Lai's repeated assertion that "the two sides of the Strait are not subordinate to each other" is nothing new; it is a recycled narrative designed to obscure Taiwan's historical and legal ties with the Chinese mainland.

\n

The rhetoric is aimed at dividing the Chinese people across the Strait, fomenting hostility against the mainland, and creating a climate of fear and antagonism. It is not a slip of the tongue, but part of a strategic ploy of Lai and his DPP to repeat falsehoods in a bid to make it sound like fact, use language as a weapon to reshape public perceptions and weaken the shared identity of the Chinese people on the two sides of the Strait.

\n

Lai's attempt to distort facts does not stop at wordplay. It extends into the realm of history. He has been denying the undeniable — that Taiwan has been a part of China since ancient times — by turning a blind eye to archaeological evidence and historical records that show the origin of the island residents is in southeastern China. He ignores centuries of administration by Chinese governments and downplays the fact that Taiwan was returned to China after Japan's defeat in World War II.

\n

These are not inadvertent omissions but deliberate acts of distortion. Lai seeks to rupture cultural and historical memory, crafting a fictional past that serves the DPP's ideological goals of "cultural independence" and identity separation. Instead of "giving voice to Taiwan", Lai is trying to sever its connection with a shared national heritage.

\n

Equally troubling is Lai's misuse of international law. By claiming that "Taiwan is not a part of China", he disregards the legal framework established by the 1943 Cairo Declaration, the 1945 Potsdam Proclamation, and the Japanese Instrument of Surrender signed on Sept 2, 1945 — all of which affirm Taiwan's return to China.

\n

He also brushes aside UN General Assembly Resolution 2758, which recognizes the representatives of the government of the People's Republic of China as the only lawful representative of China to the UN. The global consensus on Taiwan is unambiguous. An overwhelming majority of countries adhere to the one-China principle that there is only one China, and Taiwan is an integral part of China. Yet Lai insists on bending international law to suit his political interests. His approach undermines the credibility of international institutions and the postwar global order.

\n

What Lai is offering is not a road map for unity but a divisive political stunt — a rhetorical trap designed to manufacture consent for separatism in the guise of holding rational dialogue. His speeches are aimed at projecting ideological mobilization as policy discourse, while obscuring historical truths and legal realities. No matter how skillfully he crafts his message, lies repeated a thousand times remain lies. The historical fact of Taiwan being an integral part of China, and the emotional and historical ties of people across the Strait can't be overwritten by any script.

\n

History cannot be rewritten, law cannot be manipulated, and a nation cannot be divided by using tricks of language. The tide of national reunification is a force too powerful to resist. And those who seek to divide the country for political purposes will ultimately be judged, not just by history, but by the people.

\n

", + "content": "
\n

The Democratic Progressive Party authorities in Taiwan are once again resorting to historical revisionism. A senior official of the island has claimed that the "San Francisco Peace Treaty" replaced the Cairo Declaration and the Potsdam Proclamation, which called for Japan's unconditional surrender in World War II and the return of Taiwan to China. He also claimed that the treaty did not call for transfer of Taiwan to China.

\n

This argument is not only legally baseless but also politically contrived — a rhetoric the DPP has long been recycling to push forward its "Taiwan independence "agenda. The argument twists international law, ignores binding wartime agreements, and amounts to political theater.

\n

The DPP's habit of cloaking separatist ambitions in high-sounding language is nothing new. Two months ago, Taiwan leader Lai Ching-te announced a political campaign in the name of fostering "unity", delivering his so-called "ten talks" in a bid to sway public opinion. On the surface, his language sounds lofty — filled with words like "peace", "democracy", and "solidarity".But behind his carefully choreographed performance lies a much more troubling reality: a calculated effort to repackage separatist ambitions in the language of hope, while driving a wedge between the Chinese people on the two sides of the Taiwan Strait.

\n

At the heart of Lai's campaign is a play of words, aimed at normalizing "Taiwan independence" through linguistic manipulation. Lai's repeated assertion that "the two sides of the Strait are not subordinate to each other" is nothing new; it is a recycled narrative designed to obscure Taiwan's historical and legal ties with the Chinese mainland.

\n

The rhetoric is aimed at dividing the Chinese people across the Strait, fomenting hostility against the mainland, and creating a climate of fear and antagonism. It is not a slip of the tongue, but part of a strategic ploy of Lai and his DPP to repeat falsehoods in a bid to make it sound like fact, use language as a weapon to reshape public perceptions and weaken the shared identity of the Chinese people on the two sides of the Strait.

\n

Lai's attempt to distort facts does not stop at wordplay. It extends into the realm of history. He has been denying the undeniable — that Taiwan has been a part of China since ancient times — by turning a blind eye to archaeological evidence and historical records that show the origin of the island residents is in southeastern China. He ignores centuries of administration by Chinese governments and downplays the fact that Taiwan was returned to China after Japan's defeat in World War II.

\n

These are not inadvertent omissions but deliberate acts of distortion. Lai seeks to rupture cultural and historical memory, crafting a fictional past that serves the DPP's ideological goals of "cultural independence" and identity separation. Instead of "giving voice to Taiwan", Lai is trying to sever its connection with a shared national heritage.

\n

Equally troubling is Lai's misuse of international law. By claiming that "Taiwan is not a part of China", he disregards the legal framework established by the 1943 Cairo Declaration, the 1945 Potsdam Proclamation, and the Japanese Instrument of Surrender signed on Sept 2, 1945 — all of which affirm Taiwan's return to China.

\n

He also brushes aside UN General Assembly Resolution 2758, which recognizes the representatives of the government of the People's Republic of China as the only lawful representative of China to the UN. The global consensus on Taiwan is unambiguous. An overwhelming majority of countries adhere to the one-China principle that there is only one China, and Taiwan is an integral part of China. Yet Lai insists on bending international law to suit his political interests. His approach undermines the credibility of international institutions and the postwar global order.

\n

What Lai is offering is not a road map for unity but a divisive political stunt — a rhetorical trap designed to manufacture consent for separatism in the guise of holding rational dialogue. His speeches are aimed at projecting ideological mobilization as policy discourse, while obscuring historical truths and legal realities. No matter how skillfully he crafts his message, lies repeated a thousand times remain lies. The historical fact of Taiwan being an integral part of China, and the emotional and historical ties of people across the Strait can't be overwritten by any script.

\n

History cannot be rewritten, law cannot be manipulated, and a nation cannot be divided by using tricks of language. The tide of national reunification is a force too powerful to resist. And those who seek to divide the country for political purposes will ultimately be judged, not just by history, but by the people.

\n

", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_009_68a793d1ed50ccabe1517f57.htm#009VIEWS", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "c85825a58517913d4564cf1da4daad9a", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "010WORLD - Scholars laud China's human rights progress", + "description": "

China's progress in protecting human rights offers valuable insights for the Global South in developing governance models suited to their own national conditions, scholars from China and Africa say.

\n

They made the remark at a readers' forum on Xi Jinping: On Respecting and Protecting Human Rights — a collection of the Chinese president's statements on the subject — held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, on Thursday.

\n

Senior officials, diplomats, lawyers and scholars from China and African countries applauded the book and China's unique contributions to global human rights development. The forum was held on the eve of the first China-Africa Human Rights Seminar.

\n

Jiang Jianguo, executive vice-president of the China Society for Human Rights Studies, said China has achieved historic achievements in human rights since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China in 2012.

\n

Published in 2021, Xi Jinping: On Respecting and Protecting Human Rights represents a landmark in China's human rights development. The book has since been translated into 13 foreign languages, attracting readers from the global human rights community as well as political, academic, think tank and media circles, Jiang said.

\n

Quoting Xi, he said, "With different national conditions, countries should and can only explore suitable paths of human rights development in light of national realities and people's needs."

\n

China has advanced its human rights cause based on its national conditions and the people's needs, Jiang said.

\n

"It has eradicated absolute poverty; established the world's largest education, social security and healthcare systems; and continuously developed whole-process people's democracy. Through this book, we can understand why China's path of human rights development works and how this cause continues to progress."

\n

Remarkable journey

\n

Jeddi Mowbray Armah, deputy minister for legal affairs at Liberia's Foreign Ministry, said the book is a record of China's remarkable human rights journey and offers a window into a philosophy rooted in the country's national conditions and historic transformation.

\n

"Human rights are universal in value, yet diversity erupts. As President Xi makes it clear, there is no single template for the realization. Every country must check the path consistent with its history, culture and stage of development, while staying faithful to the aspiration for dignity, justice and equality for all," Armah said. Global South countries should avoid developing human rights models detached from their local realities, he added.

\n

China has taken a people-centered approach to human rights and whole-process democracy to ensure people get tangible benefits, he said, citing China's efforts to lift more than 700 million people out of poverty over recent decades.

\n

"These are human rights in action. They give practical meaning," he said. "This is a concept that integrates democratic participation at every stage in China. It shifts the focus from narrow electoral circles, from promises made to tangible results delivered."

\n

Democracy should be judged not by the form alone, but by whether it serves the people's interests, he added.

\n

Unique aspirations

\n

China's approach to human rights also offers unique aspirations for African countries to confront major challenges, such as poverty, education, health and employment, to make progress in human rights, he said.

\n

"The challenge before the world is not whether we agree with the human rights matter. It is whether we can create the conditions in which it can be realized for every person and every society."

\n

Fredrick Mutesa, secretary-general of the Zambia-China Friendship Association, said China has made important contributions to the global understanding of human rights through proposals such as the Belt and Road Initiative, the Global Development Initiative, the Global Civilization Initiative, and the Global Security Initiative.

\n

"China has become a trailblazer in fostering cooperation among countries of the Global South through these initiatives, (as well as through) China-Africa cooperation in economic development and modernization," he said.

\n

China is helping unlock Africa's development potential through infrastructure projects, green development, mining and other sectors, creating favorable conditions for the realization of the right to development, he added.

\n

Melha Rout Biel, founder and executive director of the Institute for Strategic and Policy Studies in South Sudan, said the Communist Party of China has been pursuing happiness for the Chinese people and progress for humanity since its founding.

\n

"China's commitment to global human rights extends beyond its borders," he said.

\n

"It advocates for a fair international human rights governance system, international cooperation, and respect for other countries and cultures."

\n

wangxiaodong@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "content": "

China's progress in protecting human rights offers valuable insights for the Global South in developing governance models suited to their own national conditions, scholars from China and Africa say.

\n

They made the remark at a readers' forum on Xi Jinping: On Respecting and Protecting Human Rights — a collection of the Chinese president's statements on the subject — held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, on Thursday.

\n

Senior officials, diplomats, lawyers and scholars from China and African countries applauded the book and China's unique contributions to global human rights development. The forum was held on the eve of the first China-Africa Human Rights Seminar.

\n

Jiang Jianguo, executive vice-president of the China Society for Human Rights Studies, said China has achieved historic achievements in human rights since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China in 2012.

\n

Published in 2021, Xi Jinping: On Respecting and Protecting Human Rights represents a landmark in China's human rights development. The book has since been translated into 13 foreign languages, attracting readers from the global human rights community as well as political, academic, think tank and media circles, Jiang said.

\n

Quoting Xi, he said, "With different national conditions, countries should and can only explore suitable paths of human rights development in light of national realities and people's needs."

\n

China has advanced its human rights cause based on its national conditions and the people's needs, Jiang said.

\n

"It has eradicated absolute poverty; established the world's largest education, social security and healthcare systems; and continuously developed whole-process people's democracy. Through this book, we can understand why China's path of human rights development works and how this cause continues to progress."

\n

Remarkable journey

\n

Jeddi Mowbray Armah, deputy minister for legal affairs at Liberia's Foreign Ministry, said the book is a record of China's remarkable human rights journey and offers a window into a philosophy rooted in the country's national conditions and historic transformation.

\n

"Human rights are universal in value, yet diversity erupts. As President Xi makes it clear, there is no single template for the realization. Every country must check the path consistent with its history, culture and stage of development, while staying faithful to the aspiration for dignity, justice and equality for all," Armah said. Global South countries should avoid developing human rights models detached from their local realities, he added.

\n

China has taken a people-centered approach to human rights and whole-process democracy to ensure people get tangible benefits, he said, citing China's efforts to lift more than 700 million people out of poverty over recent decades.

\n

"These are human rights in action. They give practical meaning," he said. "This is a concept that integrates democratic participation at every stage in China. It shifts the focus from narrow electoral circles, from promises made to tangible results delivered."

\n

Democracy should be judged not by the form alone, but by whether it serves the people's interests, he added.

\n

Unique aspirations

\n

China's approach to human rights also offers unique aspirations for African countries to confront major challenges, such as poverty, education, health and employment, to make progress in human rights, he said.

\n

"The challenge before the world is not whether we agree with the human rights matter. It is whether we can create the conditions in which it can be realized for every person and every society."

\n

Fredrick Mutesa, secretary-general of the Zambia-China Friendship Association, said China has made important contributions to the global understanding of human rights through proposals such as the Belt and Road Initiative, the Global Development Initiative, the Global Civilization Initiative, and the Global Security Initiative.

\n

"China has become a trailblazer in fostering cooperation among countries of the Global South through these initiatives, (as well as through) China-Africa cooperation in economic development and modernization," he said.

\n

China is helping unlock Africa's development potential through infrastructure projects, green development, mining and other sectors, creating favorable conditions for the realization of the right to development, he added.

\n

Melha Rout Biel, founder and executive director of the Institute for Strategic and Policy Studies in South Sudan, said the Communist Party of China has been pursuing happiness for the Chinese people and progress for humanity since its founding.

\n

"China's commitment to global human rights extends beyond its borders," he said.

\n

"It advocates for a fair international human rights governance system, international cooperation, and respect for other countries and cultures."

\n

wangxiaodong@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_010_68a793daed50ccabe1517f59.htm#010WORLD", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "7d13c20a41dacce7aeade4c3eee8b782", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "010WORLD - Beijing, Kabul, Islamabad vow stronger cooperation", + "description": "

Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi (second from left) attends a meeting with Afghanistan's Interior Minister Sirajuddin Haqqani (third from right) in Kabul on Wednesday.

\n

China, Afghanistan and Pakistan have pledged to deepen cooperation in trade, connectivity and security to promote regional peace and prosperity, as their foreign ministers met in Kabul on Wednesday for the sixth China-Afghanistan-Pakistan Foreign Ministers' Dialogue.

\n

Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi, Afghan Foreign Minister Amir Khan Muttaqi and Pakistani Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Mohammad Ishaq Dar attended the talks. The trilateral mechanism, launched by China in 2017 and revived in 2022, serves as an important platform for the three neighbors to coordinate policies. An informal ministerial meeting held in Beijing in May helped maintain momentum for trilateral engagement.

\n

Wang said China stands ready to work with Afghanistan and Pakistan to "strengthen exchanges at all levels and consolidate strategic trust".He called for expanded trade and investment, enhanced connectivity, stronger people-to-people ties, and joint efforts against cross-border terrorism.

\n

He urged the three sides to "jointly oppose external interference in the region and reject the use of their territories by any force or individual to undermine each other's sovereignty, security and territorial integrity".

\n

Beijing will continue to speak up for Kabul at multilateral forums, encourage constructive international engagement, and support the normalization of Afghanistan's foreign relations, Wang added.

\n

Muttaqi praised China's role in advancing trilateral cooperation, saying Afghanistan hopes to deepen friendship and coordination for greater progress. Dar highlighted the vast potential of trilateral cooperation in trade, Belt and Road cooperation, connectivity and counterterrorism, urging the unfreezing of Afghanistan's overseas assets and calling for stronger collective action against terrorism in all forms.

\n

The meeting marked Wang's second visit to Afghanistan since the withdrawal of United States-led troops and the Taliban's return to power in 2021, following a trip in March 2022. Analysts said the visits highlight China's intention to carry forward traditional friendship with Afghanistan and strengthen ties with the neighboring country.

\n

Liu Zongyi, director of the Center for South Asian Studies at the Shanghai Institutes for International Studies, said that through platforms such as the trilateral dialogue, China and Pakistan have played a leading role among regional and international actors in promoting Afghanistan's stability, reconstruction and global engagement.

\n

"While some Western countries have imposed unilateral sanctions and frozen billions in Afghan assets, Beijing has maintained that Afghanistan should not be excluded from the international community and has encouraged greater dialogue with Kabul to support the country's reconstruction," Liu said.

\n

Earlier on Wednesday, Afghan Prime Minister Mullah Mohammad Hassan Akhund met with Wang. He described China as a "force for justice" in the world and commended its policy of noninterference. Akhund pledged that Afghanistan "will never allow its territory to be used to threaten China" and expressed readiness to advance "positive and sustainable "friendship with Beijing.

\n

Wang reaffirmed that, as Afghanistan's neighbor, China will continue to champion fairness, oppose unilateral bullying and promote practical cooperation across all fields. He reiterated China's concerns about the East Turkestan Islamic Movement, which is listed by the United Nations Security Council as a terrorist group, and urged Kabul to intensify its crackdown.

\n

Wang also held separate meetings with Afghan Foreign Minister Muttaqi and Interior Minister Sirajuddin Haqqani on Wednesday.

\n

Compared with some countries "obsessed with geopolitical competition", Liu said, China "pursues a friendly policy toward all Afghan people and is a partner that Afghanistan can trust in its postwar future".

\n

Despite shifting political circumstances, China-Afghanistan relations have remained stable, with diplomatic missions in both capitals operating normally and helping sustain bilateral relations, he added.

\n

zhaojia@chinadaily.com.cn

\n


获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", + "content": "

Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi (second from left) attends a meeting with Afghanistan's Interior Minister Sirajuddin Haqqani (third from right) in Kabul on Wednesday.

\n

China, Afghanistan and Pakistan have pledged to deepen cooperation in trade, connectivity and security to promote regional peace and prosperity, as their foreign ministers met in Kabul on Wednesday for the sixth China-Afghanistan-Pakistan Foreign Ministers' Dialogue.

\n

Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi, Afghan Foreign Minister Amir Khan Muttaqi and Pakistani Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister Mohammad Ishaq Dar attended the talks. The trilateral mechanism, launched by China in 2017 and revived in 2022, serves as an important platform for the three neighbors to coordinate policies. An informal ministerial meeting held in Beijing in May helped maintain momentum for trilateral engagement.

\n

Wang said China stands ready to work with Afghanistan and Pakistan to "strengthen exchanges at all levels and consolidate strategic trust".He called for expanded trade and investment, enhanced connectivity, stronger people-to-people ties, and joint efforts against cross-border terrorism.

\n

He urged the three sides to "jointly oppose external interference in the region and reject the use of their territories by any force or individual to undermine each other's sovereignty, security and territorial integrity".

\n

Beijing will continue to speak up for Kabul at multilateral forums, encourage constructive international engagement, and support the normalization of Afghanistan's foreign relations, Wang added.

\n

Muttaqi praised China's role in advancing trilateral cooperation, saying Afghanistan hopes to deepen friendship and coordination for greater progress. Dar highlighted the vast potential of trilateral cooperation in trade, Belt and Road cooperation, connectivity and counterterrorism, urging the unfreezing of Afghanistan's overseas assets and calling for stronger collective action against terrorism in all forms.

\n

The meeting marked Wang's second visit to Afghanistan since the withdrawal of United States-led troops and the Taliban's return to power in 2021, following a trip in March 2022. Analysts said the visits highlight China's intention to carry forward traditional friendship with Afghanistan and strengthen ties with the neighboring country.

\n

Liu Zongyi, director of the Center for South Asian Studies at the Shanghai Institutes for International Studies, said that through platforms such as the trilateral dialogue, China and Pakistan have played a leading role among regional and international actors in promoting Afghanistan's stability, reconstruction and global engagement.

\n

"While some Western countries have imposed unilateral sanctions and frozen billions in Afghan assets, Beijing has maintained that Afghanistan should not be excluded from the international community and has encouraged greater dialogue with Kabul to support the country's reconstruction," Liu said.

\n

Earlier on Wednesday, Afghan Prime Minister Mullah Mohammad Hassan Akhund met with Wang. He described China as a "force for justice" in the world and commended its policy of noninterference. Akhund pledged that Afghanistan "will never allow its territory to be used to threaten China" and expressed readiness to advance "positive and sustainable "friendship with Beijing.

\n

Wang reaffirmed that, as Afghanistan's neighbor, China will continue to champion fairness, oppose unilateral bullying and promote practical cooperation across all fields. He reiterated China's concerns about the East Turkestan Islamic Movement, which is listed by the United Nations Security Council as a terrorist group, and urged Kabul to intensify its crackdown.

\n

Wang also held separate meetings with Afghan Foreign Minister Muttaqi and Interior Minister Sirajuddin Haqqani on Wednesday.

\n

Compared with some countries "obsessed with geopolitical competition", Liu said, China "pursues a friendly policy toward all Afghan people and is a partner that Afghanistan can trust in its postwar future".

\n

Despite shifting political circumstances, China-Afghanistan relations have remained stable, with diplomatic missions in both capitals operating normally and helping sustain bilateral relations, he added.

\n

zhaojia@chinadaily.com.cn

\n


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", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_010_68a793e2ed50ccabe1517f5b.htm#010WORLD", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "065a2789d0f5d60013117c31b1f06389", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "010WORLD - Courtroom test", + "description": "

Suspended Thai Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra arrives at the Constitutional Court in Bangkok on Thursday to attend a hearing over a case seeking her dismissal over alleged ethics violations.

\n


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https://feedx.site
", + "content": "

Suspended Thai Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra arrives at the Constitutional Court in Bangkok on Thursday to attend a hearing over a case seeking her dismissal over alleged ethics violations.

\n


获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_010_68a793ebed50ccabe1517f5d.htm#010WORLD", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "ae87bd00382493fd99514644de0f7aea", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "011WORLD - Israel urged to drop Gaza plan", + "description": "

Palestinians rush for cover as smoke billows after an Israeli strike on a building in Jabalia in the northern Gaza Strip on Wednesday.

\n

United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres called on Israel to reverse its planned division of the West Bank and expansion of the military operation in Gaza, while reiterating the need for an immediate ceasefire to prevent further destruction in the region.

\n

The UN chief's demands come as Egypt, other mediators, former hostages held by Hamas, the remaining hostages' families and the international community ramp up pressure on Israel to agree to a ceasefire, which involves a 60-day truce that Hamas had already accepted earlier this week.

\n

In a post on the social media platform X on Thursday, Guterres said it is "vital to reach immediately a ceasefire in Gaza", and called for the unconditional release of all hostages held by the Palestinian group Hamas "to avoid the massive death and destruction that (an expanded) military operation against Gaza would inevitably cause".

\n

"Simultaneously, the decision by the Israeli authorities to expand illegal settlement construction, which would divide the West Bank, must be reversed. All settlement construction is a violation of international law," Guterres said.

\n

It also came as Israel on Wednesday gave final approval to a highly controversial settlement project that would bisect the occupied West Bank and cut it off from East Jerusalem.

\n

The Palestinian Authority condemned the settlement plan, saying it was illegal and would "destroy "the prospects for a two-state solution, BBC reported.

\n

Israel has yet to issue a formal response to Hamas over the ceasefire proposal while White House press secretary Karoline Leavitt has said the United States continues to discuss a 60-day Gaza truce.

\n

While Egypt and Qatar have invested political capital in brokering the proposed truce, Arhama Siddiqa, a research fellow at the Institute of Strategic Studies Islamabad in Pakistan, told China Daily that Tel Aviv's move to press ahead with the mobilization of 60,000 reservists for an expanded Gaza operation "is an unmistakable signal that military conquest, not diplomacy, remains the priority".

\n

Catastrophic casualties

\n

"This stance runs directly counter to the urgent calls of the UN secretary-general, who has warned of catastrophic civilian casualties and condemned Israel's parallel decision to expand illegal settlements in the West Bank," said Siddiqa.

\n

"By delaying a response, Israel appears intent on dictating terms through force rather than compromise, reinforcing the perception that it views ceasefires as tactical pauses rather than steps toward peace," she said, adding: "Basically, Tel Aviv bears direct responsibility for prolonging a cycle of deliberate deprivation and devastation in Gaza."

\n

Egyptian Foreign Minister Badr Abdelatty on Tuesday urged the international community to pressure Israel into accepting the latest Gaza ceasefire proposal, affirming that it would help alleviate the humanitarian crisis in the besieged enclave.

\n

He made the remarks during separate phone talks with British Foreign Secretary David Lammy, Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan, European Union foreign policy chief Kaja Kallas, and Palestinian Vice-President Hussein al-Sheikh, on the Palestinian issue, according to a statement by the Egyptian Foreign Ministry, Xinhua News Agency reported.

\n

He also addressed the ongoing preparations for an international conference on Gaza's early recovery and reconstruction, which will be hosted as soon as a ceasefire agreement is reached.

\n

At a joint news conference in Moscow on Wednesday, visiting Jordanian Minister of Foreign and Expatriates Affairs Ayman Safadi criticized Israel's "expansionist and extremist" policies.

\n

He said Israel's assault on Gaza had caused "massacres and starvation" and that its wider actions were "killing all prospects" for peace in the Middle East, Arab News reported.

\n

Gokhan Batu, an analyst on Israel studies at the Center for Middle Eastern Studies in Turkiye, told China Daily that recent developments have demonstrated that Israel's discourse, and the narratives promoted through it, "have lost much of their global traction".

\n

"The primary factor behind this shift has been the severity of the humanitarian crisis in Gaza. Israel continues to lose the support it once commanded on issues related to Hezbollah, the Houthis, and Iran, precisely because of the ongoing devastation in Gaza. At the same time, the growing trend of recognizing Palestine has emerged as Israel's most serious challenge, and developments have now reached an uncontrollable stage," said Batu.

\n

He said the latest developments were "nothing more than a hasty attempt to bring the Gaza conflict — long marked by the absence of a coherent strategy — to an abrupt conclusion". Yet, as long as the fighting continues, Israel is fully aware that it will face mounting difficulties on the international stage, he added.

\n

jan@chinadailyapac.com

\n

", + "content": "

Palestinians rush for cover as smoke billows after an Israeli strike on a building in Jabalia in the northern Gaza Strip on Wednesday.

\n

United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres called on Israel to reverse its planned division of the West Bank and expansion of the military operation in Gaza, while reiterating the need for an immediate ceasefire to prevent further destruction in the region.

\n

The UN chief's demands come as Egypt, other mediators, former hostages held by Hamas, the remaining hostages' families and the international community ramp up pressure on Israel to agree to a ceasefire, which involves a 60-day truce that Hamas had already accepted earlier this week.

\n

In a post on the social media platform X on Thursday, Guterres said it is "vital to reach immediately a ceasefire in Gaza", and called for the unconditional release of all hostages held by the Palestinian group Hamas "to avoid the massive death and destruction that (an expanded) military operation against Gaza would inevitably cause".

\n

"Simultaneously, the decision by the Israeli authorities to expand illegal settlement construction, which would divide the West Bank, must be reversed. All settlement construction is a violation of international law," Guterres said.

\n

It also came as Israel on Wednesday gave final approval to a highly controversial settlement project that would bisect the occupied West Bank and cut it off from East Jerusalem.

\n

The Palestinian Authority condemned the settlement plan, saying it was illegal and would "destroy "the prospects for a two-state solution, BBC reported.

\n

Israel has yet to issue a formal response to Hamas over the ceasefire proposal while White House press secretary Karoline Leavitt has said the United States continues to discuss a 60-day Gaza truce.

\n

While Egypt and Qatar have invested political capital in brokering the proposed truce, Arhama Siddiqa, a research fellow at the Institute of Strategic Studies Islamabad in Pakistan, told China Daily that Tel Aviv's move to press ahead with the mobilization of 60,000 reservists for an expanded Gaza operation "is an unmistakable signal that military conquest, not diplomacy, remains the priority".

\n

Catastrophic casualties

\n

"This stance runs directly counter to the urgent calls of the UN secretary-general, who has warned of catastrophic civilian casualties and condemned Israel's parallel decision to expand illegal settlements in the West Bank," said Siddiqa.

\n

"By delaying a response, Israel appears intent on dictating terms through force rather than compromise, reinforcing the perception that it views ceasefires as tactical pauses rather than steps toward peace," she said, adding: "Basically, Tel Aviv bears direct responsibility for prolonging a cycle of deliberate deprivation and devastation in Gaza."

\n

Egyptian Foreign Minister Badr Abdelatty on Tuesday urged the international community to pressure Israel into accepting the latest Gaza ceasefire proposal, affirming that it would help alleviate the humanitarian crisis in the besieged enclave.

\n

He made the remarks during separate phone talks with British Foreign Secretary David Lammy, Turkish Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan, European Union foreign policy chief Kaja Kallas, and Palestinian Vice-President Hussein al-Sheikh, on the Palestinian issue, according to a statement by the Egyptian Foreign Ministry, Xinhua News Agency reported.

\n

He also addressed the ongoing preparations for an international conference on Gaza's early recovery and reconstruction, which will be hosted as soon as a ceasefire agreement is reached.

\n

At a joint news conference in Moscow on Wednesday, visiting Jordanian Minister of Foreign and Expatriates Affairs Ayman Safadi criticized Israel's "expansionist and extremist" policies.

\n

He said Israel's assault on Gaza had caused "massacres and starvation" and that its wider actions were "killing all prospects" for peace in the Middle East, Arab News reported.

\n

Gokhan Batu, an analyst on Israel studies at the Center for Middle Eastern Studies in Turkiye, told China Daily that recent developments have demonstrated that Israel's discourse, and the narratives promoted through it, "have lost much of their global traction".

\n

"The primary factor behind this shift has been the severity of the humanitarian crisis in Gaza. Israel continues to lose the support it once commanded on issues related to Hezbollah, the Houthis, and Iran, precisely because of the ongoing devastation in Gaza. At the same time, the growing trend of recognizing Palestine has emerged as Israel's most serious challenge, and developments have now reached an uncontrollable stage," said Batu.

\n

He said the latest developments were "nothing more than a hasty attempt to bring the Gaza conflict — long marked by the absence of a coherent strategy — to an abrupt conclusion". Yet, as long as the fighting continues, Israel is fully aware that it will face mounting difficulties on the international stage, he added.

\n

jan@chinadailyapac.com

\n

", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_011_68a793f3ed50ccabe1517f5f.htm#011WORLD", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "a46610c2206edee34522a4399a4886a7", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "011WORLD - Safety net", + "description": "

A teacher explains to students about the dengue disease and other diseases caused by mosquito bites, as they sit under a mosquito net as part of an awareness campaign against the diseases on World Mosquito Day on Wednesday in Agartala, India.

\n


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https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", + "content": "

A teacher explains to students about the dengue disease and other diseases caused by mosquito bites, as they sit under a mosquito net as part of an awareness campaign against the diseases on World Mosquito Day on Wednesday in Agartala, India.

\n


获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_011_68a793fced50ccabe1517f61.htm#011WORLD", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "60e72e229d98d400c0e412c374a3f69d", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "011WORLD - Family pictures shed light on Japan's WWII atrocities", + "description": "

When Marcus Detrez first opened a worn leather box in 2021, he was confronted with the black-and-white images that would change the course of his life.

\n

"The images were raw and haunting — civilians being executed, streets filled with fear," he told China Daily, "But one photo marked me forever: a body floating in the Huangpu River. On the back, my grandfather had written the word 'swimmer'."

\n

Printed between the 1930s and 1950s on gelatin silver paper, the photographs captured the daily life of a French family in prosperous Shanghai before the Japanese invaded the city, the chaos and destruction brought about by the Battle of Shanghai, and, most harrowingly, the atrocities committed by the Japanese army against Chinese civilians during World War II.

\n

"I felt a weight in my chest," Detrez recalled in an exclusive interview with China Daily, "I later realized it was a protective lie — his way of shielding children from the truth. That small word carries the full weight of what war does to human hearts."

\n

The photographer was his maternal grandfather, Roger-Pierre Laurens, a Frenchman born in Toulouse in 1914 who moved to Shanghai in the 1930s to work in the French Concession. Laurens, Detrez said, believed truth was worth any risk. "As a witness to the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931-45), he knew these moments had to be recorded — not for his own glory, but for history and for justice," he explained.

\n

For decades, the collection remained within the family, guarded as both a treasure and a burden. Detrez admitted he felt conflicted when friends first suggested donating the images to China.

\n

"These were my grandfather's possessions, part of my family's memory," he said. "But they also documented a cruel chapter that my grandfather worked hard to preserve. He would not have wanted it to remain hidden."

\n

Eventually, supported by his mother, Sylvie Laurens, Detrez decided the photographs should return to China — "to let more people see the truth", as she put it.

\n

Together with his French friend Bastien Ratat and Chinese friend Zhong Haosong, he began posting historical materials on multiple social media platforms, sparking both intense interest and controversy online. While the trio faced questions about the pictures' authenticity and endured personal attacks, Detrez said the most meaningful moments came from ordinary Chinese netizens who wrote to thank them.

\n

"Some said they cried while looking at the photos," he explained. "That's when I knew our work had meaning — these images are no longer just my family's story. They belong to the world."

\n

In February, Detrez, Zhong and Ratat traveled to China at the invitation of the Memorial Hall for Shanghai Songhu War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Shanghai. They first went to Beijing at the start of a journey to donate the collection and to visit historic sites linked to Laurens' time in Shanghai. Their itinerary included memorial halls in Beijing, Shanghai and Shandong, where Detrez deepened his understanding of China's wartime history. "Telling this history is about remembering better," he said.

\n

The images, now permanently housed in the Memorial Hall for Shanghai Songhu War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, offer an extensive and multi-angled record of the 1937 Battle of Shanghai. They document Japanese war crimes, including massacres of Chinese civilians, and are recognized by the museum as significant historical evidence for research into both China's resistance war and the broader global fight against fascism.

\n

Truth with accuracy

\n

"We have donated (the photos) to the Chinese Embassy in France that let this museum display them because it stands at the heart of one of the most important battles of the war in China," Detrez said. "It tells the truth with accuracy, dignity, and respect for the victims. In Shanghai, the photos are not just stored — they become part of the living memory of the Chinese people and a bridge between China and the rest of the world."

\n

His friend Ratat said the group has begun discussions with the People's Publishing House on producing a book about Laurens' pictures. They are also working on their multilingual website "Echoes of China", available in English, French, Chinese and Japanese, to tell more stories about the War of Resistance. Plans include a world tour starting in Japan and the United States to raise awareness of the atrocities committed by the Japanese army against Chinese civilians, such as those of Unit 731 and the Nanjing Massacre, as well as a possible virtual reality recreation of the Shanghai battlefield. "We'd like to use modern technology to teach history and even make a film or documentary on Laurens' experience in Shanghai," Rata said.

\n

Zhong Haosong, Detrez's Chinese friend, said the donation process was deliberately made public. "We believe more 'Detrezes' should stand up, knowing that in the East there are 1.4 billion people ready to welcome them. Peace and justice are what we want to share."

\n

He added that while they faced smear campaigns, the most moving message they received after the donation was from a netizen who wrote, "You have borne burdens you shouldn't have had to, but your future will be bright because you stand for peace and justice. You will always have China as your home."

\n

Earlier this month, the Chinese Embassy in France hosted a handover ceremony for the donation, in which Minister Chen Dong met Detrez and his friends, presenting them with a donation certificate and a letter of appreciation from the Memorial Hall for Shanghai Songhu War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.

\n

The ceremony marked not just the transfer of physical photographs, but the continuation of Laurens' mission — to bear witness, and to ensure the suffering of the Chinese people and other victims of Japanese aggression is neither denied nor forgotten.

\n

zhangzhouxiang@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "content": "

When Marcus Detrez first opened a worn leather box in 2021, he was confronted with the black-and-white images that would change the course of his life.

\n

"The images were raw and haunting — civilians being executed, streets filled with fear," he told China Daily, "But one photo marked me forever: a body floating in the Huangpu River. On the back, my grandfather had written the word 'swimmer'."

\n

Printed between the 1930s and 1950s on gelatin silver paper, the photographs captured the daily life of a French family in prosperous Shanghai before the Japanese invaded the city, the chaos and destruction brought about by the Battle of Shanghai, and, most harrowingly, the atrocities committed by the Japanese army against Chinese civilians during World War II.

\n

"I felt a weight in my chest," Detrez recalled in an exclusive interview with China Daily, "I later realized it was a protective lie — his way of shielding children from the truth. That small word carries the full weight of what war does to human hearts."

\n

The photographer was his maternal grandfather, Roger-Pierre Laurens, a Frenchman born in Toulouse in 1914 who moved to Shanghai in the 1930s to work in the French Concession. Laurens, Detrez said, believed truth was worth any risk. "As a witness to the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression (1931-45), he knew these moments had to be recorded — not for his own glory, but for history and for justice," he explained.

\n

For decades, the collection remained within the family, guarded as both a treasure and a burden. Detrez admitted he felt conflicted when friends first suggested donating the images to China.

\n

"These were my grandfather's possessions, part of my family's memory," he said. "But they also documented a cruel chapter that my grandfather worked hard to preserve. He would not have wanted it to remain hidden."

\n

Eventually, supported by his mother, Sylvie Laurens, Detrez decided the photographs should return to China — "to let more people see the truth", as she put it.

\n

Together with his French friend Bastien Ratat and Chinese friend Zhong Haosong, he began posting historical materials on multiple social media platforms, sparking both intense interest and controversy online. While the trio faced questions about the pictures' authenticity and endured personal attacks, Detrez said the most meaningful moments came from ordinary Chinese netizens who wrote to thank them.

\n

"Some said they cried while looking at the photos," he explained. "That's when I knew our work had meaning — these images are no longer just my family's story. They belong to the world."

\n

In February, Detrez, Zhong and Ratat traveled to China at the invitation of the Memorial Hall for Shanghai Songhu War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Shanghai. They first went to Beijing at the start of a journey to donate the collection and to visit historic sites linked to Laurens' time in Shanghai. Their itinerary included memorial halls in Beijing, Shanghai and Shandong, where Detrez deepened his understanding of China's wartime history. "Telling this history is about remembering better," he said.

\n

The images, now permanently housed in the Memorial Hall for Shanghai Songhu War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, offer an extensive and multi-angled record of the 1937 Battle of Shanghai. They document Japanese war crimes, including massacres of Chinese civilians, and are recognized by the museum as significant historical evidence for research into both China's resistance war and the broader global fight against fascism.

\n

Truth with accuracy

\n

"We have donated (the photos) to the Chinese Embassy in France that let this museum display them because it stands at the heart of one of the most important battles of the war in China," Detrez said. "It tells the truth with accuracy, dignity, and respect for the victims. In Shanghai, the photos are not just stored — they become part of the living memory of the Chinese people and a bridge between China and the rest of the world."

\n

His friend Ratat said the group has begun discussions with the People's Publishing House on producing a book about Laurens' pictures. They are also working on their multilingual website "Echoes of China", available in English, French, Chinese and Japanese, to tell more stories about the War of Resistance. Plans include a world tour starting in Japan and the United States to raise awareness of the atrocities committed by the Japanese army against Chinese civilians, such as those of Unit 731 and the Nanjing Massacre, as well as a possible virtual reality recreation of the Shanghai battlefield. "We'd like to use modern technology to teach history and even make a film or documentary on Laurens' experience in Shanghai," Rata said.

\n

Zhong Haosong, Detrez's Chinese friend, said the donation process was deliberately made public. "We believe more 'Detrezes' should stand up, knowing that in the East there are 1.4 billion people ready to welcome them. Peace and justice are what we want to share."

\n

He added that while they faced smear campaigns, the most moving message they received after the donation was from a netizen who wrote, "You have borne burdens you shouldn't have had to, but your future will be bright because you stand for peace and justice. You will always have China as your home."

\n

Earlier this month, the Chinese Embassy in France hosted a handover ceremony for the donation, in which Minister Chen Dong met Detrez and his friends, presenting them with a donation certificate and a letter of appreciation from the Memorial Hall for Shanghai Songhu War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression.

\n

The ceremony marked not just the transfer of physical photographs, but the continuation of Laurens' mission — to bear witness, and to ensure the suffering of the Chinese people and other victims of Japanese aggression is neither denied nor forgotten.

\n

zhangzhouxiang@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_011_68a79404ed50ccabe1517f63.htm#011WORLD", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "61c0f9c4d6870b29ac21180ba0313431", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "012WORLD - US doubles duties on Canadian lumber", + "description": "

Lumber is cut at a saw mill near Sooke, British Columbia, Canada, on April 11. The US is poised to more than double duties on Canadian softwood lumber, putting more pressure on US' material costs.

\n\n

The United States has more than doubled the countervailing duties on Canadian softwood lumber to over 35 percent, a move economists say will raise construction costs and further strain housing affordability.

\n

The US Department of Commerce said earlier this month that it will more than double the countervailing duties on Canadian softwood lumber imports, raising them to 14.6 percent from 6.7 percent, after determining Canadian producers receive unfair subsidies.

\n

The increase comes on top of a recent rise in antidumping duties to 20.5 percent, bringing the total duty on Canadian softwood to nearly 35.2 percent.

\n

The US move will raise construction costs and add to inflationary pressures, according to Brian Bethune, a professor of economics at Boston College.

\n

He said the higher costs will be "extremely difficult to offset", especially as they come alongside higher prices for steel and aluminum.

\n

"All of these factors will negatively impact affordability," he told China Daily.

\n

Bethune noted that the duties will take time to appear in official inflation data. "The tariffs first have to feed through into housing construction costs, and then into rents and owners' equivalent rent, which drive shelter costs."

\n

"The lag, however, could be up to a year, so we won't see much of an impact until mid-2026," he said.

\n

The National Association of Home Builders, in an Aug 8 statement, said the higher duties would worsen affordability problems.

\n

"For years, NAHB has been leading the fight against lumber tariffs because of their detrimental effect on housing affordability," the group said in a statement. "In effect, the lumber tariffs act as a tax on American builders, home buyers and consumers.

\n

"With housing affordability already near a historic low, NAHB continues to call on the administration to carefully consider how placing additional tariffs on lumber and other building materials will raise housing prices and impact housing supply," the statement said.

\n

"The impact of the duties is being shared by businesses (exporters, importers) and consumers. So far, most of the impact, approximately two-thirds, has been absorbed by US importing businesses with lower profit margins," Bethune said.

\n

"Only 15 percent has been passed on to consumers. However, the pass-through to consumers will likely increase over time," he said.

\n

On the supply side, he said US producers will not be able to fully fill the gap left by Canadian lumber.

\n

"US producers may have some capacity to increase production, but the supply response is limited by the availability of accessible timber resources," Bethune said.

\n

"Beyond the impact on (Canadian) facilities, I would expect a curtailment in production, where higher cost firms may either take temporary downtime or permanently shutter some more mills," said Harry Nelson, an associate professor of forestry at the University of British Columbia.

\n

He said that Canada, and the province of British Columbia in particular, has long been the higher-cost supplier to the US market.

\n

In an Aug 8 statement responding to the US decision, the BC Lumber Trade Council said the move would have negative consequences on both sides of the border.

\n

"It places unnecessary strain on forestry-dependent regions in Canada while driving up construction costs for American builders and families," said Kurt Niquidet, president of the BC Lumber Trade Council.

\n

He added that without a negotiated settlement, the council will continue to work with the Canadian government and industry partners to defend Canadian interests "through all available legal channels, including proceedings under the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement".

\n

Nelson said the outlook depends on the broader US economy.

\n

"As the US market is what sets lumber prices overall, the higher the tariffs, the lower Canadian lumber prices will be relative to the US."

\n

For Canadian consumers, Nelson sees both direct and indirect impacts. "First, the duties create a wedge between domestic and export prices," he told China Daily.

\n

"The bigger the tariffs, the more likely the greater that wedge will be."

\n

The indirect effect, he added, comes from the broader economy. "If overall tariffs and economic uncertainty lead to lower economic activity, housing starts generally in both the US and Canada will come down … and lumber prices overall will trend lower."

\n

Looking ahead, Nelson said Canada needs a more deliberate diversification strategy. "We are too reliant on one partner and one product," he said.

\n

" (We need) a well thought-out trade diversification strategy where we invest in building a brand for Canadian wood and wood products around quality and building stable relationships with other trading partners," he said.

\n

gaoyang@chinadailyusa.com

\n

", + "content": "

Lumber is cut at a saw mill near Sooke, British Columbia, Canada, on April 11. The US is poised to more than double duties on Canadian softwood lumber, putting more pressure on US' material costs.

\n\n

The United States has more than doubled the countervailing duties on Canadian softwood lumber to over 35 percent, a move economists say will raise construction costs and further strain housing affordability.

\n

The US Department of Commerce said earlier this month that it will more than double the countervailing duties on Canadian softwood lumber imports, raising them to 14.6 percent from 6.7 percent, after determining Canadian producers receive unfair subsidies.

\n

The increase comes on top of a recent rise in antidumping duties to 20.5 percent, bringing the total duty on Canadian softwood to nearly 35.2 percent.

\n

The US move will raise construction costs and add to inflationary pressures, according to Brian Bethune, a professor of economics at Boston College.

\n

He said the higher costs will be "extremely difficult to offset", especially as they come alongside higher prices for steel and aluminum.

\n

"All of these factors will negatively impact affordability," he told China Daily.

\n

Bethune noted that the duties will take time to appear in official inflation data. "The tariffs first have to feed through into housing construction costs, and then into rents and owners' equivalent rent, which drive shelter costs."

\n

"The lag, however, could be up to a year, so we won't see much of an impact until mid-2026," he said.

\n

The National Association of Home Builders, in an Aug 8 statement, said the higher duties would worsen affordability problems.

\n

"For years, NAHB has been leading the fight against lumber tariffs because of their detrimental effect on housing affordability," the group said in a statement. "In effect, the lumber tariffs act as a tax on American builders, home buyers and consumers.

\n

"With housing affordability already near a historic low, NAHB continues to call on the administration to carefully consider how placing additional tariffs on lumber and other building materials will raise housing prices and impact housing supply," the statement said.

\n

"The impact of the duties is being shared by businesses (exporters, importers) and consumers. So far, most of the impact, approximately two-thirds, has been absorbed by US importing businesses with lower profit margins," Bethune said.

\n

"Only 15 percent has been passed on to consumers. However, the pass-through to consumers will likely increase over time," he said.

\n

On the supply side, he said US producers will not be able to fully fill the gap left by Canadian lumber.

\n

"US producers may have some capacity to increase production, but the supply response is limited by the availability of accessible timber resources," Bethune said.

\n

"Beyond the impact on (Canadian) facilities, I would expect a curtailment in production, where higher cost firms may either take temporary downtime or permanently shutter some more mills," said Harry Nelson, an associate professor of forestry at the University of British Columbia.

\n

He said that Canada, and the province of British Columbia in particular, has long been the higher-cost supplier to the US market.

\n

In an Aug 8 statement responding to the US decision, the BC Lumber Trade Council said the move would have negative consequences on both sides of the border.

\n

"It places unnecessary strain on forestry-dependent regions in Canada while driving up construction costs for American builders and families," said Kurt Niquidet, president of the BC Lumber Trade Council.

\n

He added that without a negotiated settlement, the council will continue to work with the Canadian government and industry partners to defend Canadian interests "through all available legal channels, including proceedings under the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement".

\n

Nelson said the outlook depends on the broader US economy.

\n

"As the US market is what sets lumber prices overall, the higher the tariffs, the lower Canadian lumber prices will be relative to the US."

\n

For Canadian consumers, Nelson sees both direct and indirect impacts. "First, the duties create a wedge between domestic and export prices," he told China Daily.

\n

"The bigger the tariffs, the more likely the greater that wedge will be."

\n

The indirect effect, he added, comes from the broader economy. "If overall tariffs and economic uncertainty lead to lower economic activity, housing starts generally in both the US and Canada will come down … and lumber prices overall will trend lower."

\n

Looking ahead, Nelson said Canada needs a more deliberate diversification strategy. "We are too reliant on one partner and one product," he said.

\n

" (We need) a well thought-out trade diversification strategy where we invest in building a brand for Canadian wood and wood products around quality and building stable relationships with other trading partners," he said.

\n

gaoyang@chinadailyusa.com

\n

", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_012_68a7940ded50ccabe1517f65.htm#012WORLD", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "40176c6001ad58b0955afb45a076d05c", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "012WORLD - Sail spectacle", + "description": "

Sailors stand on the masts of a tall ship as it sails into Amsterdam, the Netherlands, on Wednesday. SAIL Amsterdam, the country's major maritime festival, first held 50 years ago, kicked off its 10th edition on Wednesday after a decade-long break.

\n

", + "content": "

Sailors stand on the masts of a tall ship as it sails into Amsterdam, the Netherlands, on Wednesday. SAIL Amsterdam, the country's major maritime festival, first held 50 years ago, kicked off its 10th edition on Wednesday after a decade-long break.

\n

", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_012_68a79416ed50ccabe1517f67.htm#012WORLD", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "ecd41011dd7e77bf1888a6cde59836d1", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "012WORLD - WPP Media China helping native companies to expand overseas", + "description": "

\n\n

WPP Media China, the marketing and media service provider formerly called GroupM China, has built a reputation for assisting overseas companies in navigating the Chinese market. In recent years, the company has been keen to harness its expertise in helping Chinese companies expand their global operation, offering a clearer road map to success in an increasingly complex international business landscape.

\n

"Ten years ago, we were primarily focused on bringing Western brands into China, working closely with Western headquarters to tailor messaging for Chinese consumers. Now, the reverse is true. We need to leverage our network's expertise to help Chinese businesses understand how to drive relevance and resonate with consumers, taking into account the local nuances and cultural norms, whether in France, Fiji, Greece, or Germany," said Rupert McPetrie, CEO of WPP Media China.

\n

According to McPetrie, Chinese companies have been displaying increased confidence in their global expansion in recent years. There has also been a shift in business emphasis, with price no longer being the sole focus for these companies.

\n

"Chinese companies have transitioned from a value-led proposition to offering richer, deeper and more brand-oriented experiences. This shift has been evident in sectors such as electric vehicles and drones, where China is a global leader," said McPetrie.

\n

In addition to changing emphasis, McPetrie said that the marketing strategies in overseas markets have evolved.

\n

"The whole marketing ecosystem has changed. We're seeing a more integrated approach that encompasses the entire ecosystem — from branding and awareness to the resonance of brands with consumers in different markets — all the way through to conversion and click-to-purchase," said McPetrie.

\n

McPetrie, who has observed the development of the Chinese market for more than 10 years, said Chinese companies' journey of seeking overseas development features both opportunities and challenges. Quickly understanding and evaluating the market situation, as well as conducting effective localization, will become a unique competitive advantage for brands.

\n

"Securing a foothold in international markets depends not only on product and supply chain advantages but also on the effective storytelling of their brands. This brand narrative needs to be culturally relevant and resonate with and build trust among overseas consumers through efficient media touchpoints," said McPetrie.

\n

In recent years, WPP Media China has achieved excellent results in supporting Chinese brands in their global expansion, including the overseas marketing of Black Myth: Wukong and the global media planning and buying for the mobile phone brand Honor.

\n

According to McPetrie, WPP Media China is poised to become a long-term trusted partner for more Chinese brands, with the goal of accelerating client growth wherever they conduct business.

\n

"WPP Media China is an important part of WPP. WPP is present in over 100 countries worldwide and possesses a powerful network, talented teams and cutting-edge solutions tailored to diverse markets. This ensures that brand stories are effectively disseminated within the right media and marketing environments, enhancing the efficiency and impact of brand marketing for global expansion," said McPetrie.

\n

At the end of May, WPP globally announced the rebranding of GroupM to WPP Media, with the aim to further consolidate its development foundation and enhance its offer for the future. The move will enable WPP Media to deliver more integrated solutions to its clients in a more efficient manner.

\n

"We've been on a journey to become much easier to access. We're very lucky at the capabilities that we've been building. But one of the jobs we have is to make sure our clients can get the benefit of those capabilities very easily. We've been simplifying our organization practically and strategically, and the rebranding was just a symbol of that," said McPetrie.

\n

WPP Open, an artificial intelligence-enabled marketing platform empowered by Open Intelligence and developed by WPP Media, is deemed the main engine supporting its transition, according to McPetrie.

\n

tangzhihao@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "content": "

\n\n

WPP Media China, the marketing and media service provider formerly called GroupM China, has built a reputation for assisting overseas companies in navigating the Chinese market. In recent years, the company has been keen to harness its expertise in helping Chinese companies expand their global operation, offering a clearer road map to success in an increasingly complex international business landscape.

\n

"Ten years ago, we were primarily focused on bringing Western brands into China, working closely with Western headquarters to tailor messaging for Chinese consumers. Now, the reverse is true. We need to leverage our network's expertise to help Chinese businesses understand how to drive relevance and resonate with consumers, taking into account the local nuances and cultural norms, whether in France, Fiji, Greece, or Germany," said Rupert McPetrie, CEO of WPP Media China.

\n

According to McPetrie, Chinese companies have been displaying increased confidence in their global expansion in recent years. There has also been a shift in business emphasis, with price no longer being the sole focus for these companies.

\n

"Chinese companies have transitioned from a value-led proposition to offering richer, deeper and more brand-oriented experiences. This shift has been evident in sectors such as electric vehicles and drones, where China is a global leader," said McPetrie.

\n

In addition to changing emphasis, McPetrie said that the marketing strategies in overseas markets have evolved.

\n

"The whole marketing ecosystem has changed. We're seeing a more integrated approach that encompasses the entire ecosystem — from branding and awareness to the resonance of brands with consumers in different markets — all the way through to conversion and click-to-purchase," said McPetrie.

\n

McPetrie, who has observed the development of the Chinese market for more than 10 years, said Chinese companies' journey of seeking overseas development features both opportunities and challenges. Quickly understanding and evaluating the market situation, as well as conducting effective localization, will become a unique competitive advantage for brands.

\n

"Securing a foothold in international markets depends not only on product and supply chain advantages but also on the effective storytelling of their brands. This brand narrative needs to be culturally relevant and resonate with and build trust among overseas consumers through efficient media touchpoints," said McPetrie.

\n

In recent years, WPP Media China has achieved excellent results in supporting Chinese brands in their global expansion, including the overseas marketing of Black Myth: Wukong and the global media planning and buying for the mobile phone brand Honor.

\n

According to McPetrie, WPP Media China is poised to become a long-term trusted partner for more Chinese brands, with the goal of accelerating client growth wherever they conduct business.

\n

"WPP Media China is an important part of WPP. WPP is present in over 100 countries worldwide and possesses a powerful network, talented teams and cutting-edge solutions tailored to diverse markets. This ensures that brand stories are effectively disseminated within the right media and marketing environments, enhancing the efficiency and impact of brand marketing for global expansion," said McPetrie.

\n

At the end of May, WPP globally announced the rebranding of GroupM to WPP Media, with the aim to further consolidate its development foundation and enhance its offer for the future. The move will enable WPP Media to deliver more integrated solutions to its clients in a more efficient manner.

\n

"We've been on a journey to become much easier to access. We're very lucky at the capabilities that we've been building. But one of the jobs we have is to make sure our clients can get the benefit of those capabilities very easily. We've been simplifying our organization practically and strategically, and the rebranding was just a symbol of that," said McPetrie.

\n

WPP Open, an artificial intelligence-enabled marketing platform empowered by Open Intelligence and developed by WPP Media, is deemed the main engine supporting its transition, according to McPetrie.

\n

tangzhihao@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_012_68a7941eed50ccabe1517f69.htm#012WORLD", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "2bbe721ce6338a235c114529dbcdfeea", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "013BUSINESS - Chinese tea chains expand overseas footprint", + "description": "

People pass by a Heytea pop-up store showcasing its "new-style tea" products in Paris on July 26,2024.

\n

Chinese new-style tea brands are accelerating their push into overseas markets, leveraging product innovation, digital operations, and a growing global interest in health-boosting beverages.

\n

The trend marks a new phase in the globalization of China's consumer brands, analysts said.

\n

Tea chains — once focused on the domestic market — have begun to systematically scale up their presence abroad.

\n

From Southeast Asia to North America and Europe, Chinese companies like Mixue, Heytea and Chagee are establishing a presence in major urban centers and retail hot spots.

\n

"The overseas growth of Chinese tea brands shows that they are moving up the value chain — from lowcost producers to lifestyle and culture exporters," said Wang Peng, associate research fellow at the Beijing Academy of Social Sciences.

\n

He pointed to the global shift in beverage preferences, especially among younger consumers, as a key driver. "Consumers are looking for lower-sugar, innovative and Instagrammable drinks that reflect cultural diversity."

\n

Zhan Junhao, founder of brand consultancy Fujian Huace Brand Positioning Consulting, noted that success abroad has depended on thoughtful localization strategies.

\n

"Chinese tea companies have adjusted flavors to suit local palates, while retaining signature products that communicate authenticity. This balance between adaptation and brand identity has been critical," he said.

\n

According to National Business Daily, six Chinese tea brands had gone public by July, and together they operate over 5,000 outlets overseas.

\n

Among the most active players is Mixue Group, which was listed on the Hong Kong stock exchange in March. Its prospectus revealed that the company had opened 4,895 outlets overseas by the end of 2024, accounting for more than 10 percent of its global footprint.

\n

Chagee, a premium tea chain based in Yunnan province, made its debut on the Nasdaq in April. In just seven years, the brand has opened nearly 170 outlets in Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand and other countries.

\n

Heytea, one of China's best-known upmarket tea brands, launched its international journey from Singapore in 2018. It has since expanded into London, Melbourne, Kuala Lumpur, Seoul, and several North American cities. Over the past year, Heytea's overseas store count jumped more than sixfold, from fewer than 20 to over 100. In the United States alone, the number of stores rose from two to over 30.

\n

The brand's Cupertino outlet in California, located near the headquarters of Apple Inc, drew long lines on opening day. "Our Times Square store in New York sold over 3,500 cups on its first day, and the Flushing store reached 3,300 cups daily by Day Three," said Cheng Hao, general manager of the Public Communication Center of Heytea. "Even in the off-season, our outlet in San Jose maintains sales levels close to opening day."

\n

A viral presence on social media has helped fuel the craze.

\n

Videos of two-hour wait lines and customer reviews comparing Chinese tea to coffee in addictiveness have boosted visibility among US consumers.

\n

As the Chinese brands continue their global expansion, analysts said their long-term success will depend on how well they manage supply chains, maintain brand quality and navigate regional competition — while retaining the cultural appeal that first set them apart.

\n

zhengyiran@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "content": "

People pass by a Heytea pop-up store showcasing its "new-style tea" products in Paris on July 26,2024.

\n

Chinese new-style tea brands are accelerating their push into overseas markets, leveraging product innovation, digital operations, and a growing global interest in health-boosting beverages.

\n

The trend marks a new phase in the globalization of China's consumer brands, analysts said.

\n

Tea chains — once focused on the domestic market — have begun to systematically scale up their presence abroad.

\n

From Southeast Asia to North America and Europe, Chinese companies like Mixue, Heytea and Chagee are establishing a presence in major urban centers and retail hot spots.

\n

"The overseas growth of Chinese tea brands shows that they are moving up the value chain — from lowcost producers to lifestyle and culture exporters," said Wang Peng, associate research fellow at the Beijing Academy of Social Sciences.

\n

He pointed to the global shift in beverage preferences, especially among younger consumers, as a key driver. "Consumers are looking for lower-sugar, innovative and Instagrammable drinks that reflect cultural diversity."

\n

Zhan Junhao, founder of brand consultancy Fujian Huace Brand Positioning Consulting, noted that success abroad has depended on thoughtful localization strategies.

\n

"Chinese tea companies have adjusted flavors to suit local palates, while retaining signature products that communicate authenticity. This balance between adaptation and brand identity has been critical," he said.

\n

According to National Business Daily, six Chinese tea brands had gone public by July, and together they operate over 5,000 outlets overseas.

\n

Among the most active players is Mixue Group, which was listed on the Hong Kong stock exchange in March. Its prospectus revealed that the company had opened 4,895 outlets overseas by the end of 2024, accounting for more than 10 percent of its global footprint.

\n

Chagee, a premium tea chain based in Yunnan province, made its debut on the Nasdaq in April. In just seven years, the brand has opened nearly 170 outlets in Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand and other countries.

\n

Heytea, one of China's best-known upmarket tea brands, launched its international journey from Singapore in 2018. It has since expanded into London, Melbourne, Kuala Lumpur, Seoul, and several North American cities. Over the past year, Heytea's overseas store count jumped more than sixfold, from fewer than 20 to over 100. In the United States alone, the number of stores rose from two to over 30.

\n

The brand's Cupertino outlet in California, located near the headquarters of Apple Inc, drew long lines on opening day. "Our Times Square store in New York sold over 3,500 cups on its first day, and the Flushing store reached 3,300 cups daily by Day Three," said Cheng Hao, general manager of the Public Communication Center of Heytea. "Even in the off-season, our outlet in San Jose maintains sales levels close to opening day."

\n

A viral presence on social media has helped fuel the craze.

\n

Videos of two-hour wait lines and customer reviews comparing Chinese tea to coffee in addictiveness have boosted visibility among US consumers.

\n

As the Chinese brands continue their global expansion, analysts said their long-term success will depend on how well they manage supply chains, maintain brand quality and navigate regional competition — while retaining the cultural appeal that first set them apart.

\n

zhengyiran@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_013_68a79426ed50ccabe1517f6b.htm#013BUSINESS", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "0346407292d24c3baaa6e8e2aaecbe32", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "013BUSINESS - Briefly", + "description": "

Yuan strengthens to 7.1287 against USD

\n

The central parity rate of the Chinese currency renminbi, or the yuan, strengthened 97 pips to 7.1287 against the US dollar on Thursday, according to the China Foreign Exchange Trade System. The central parity rate of the yuan against the US dollar is based on a weighted average of prices offered by market makers before the opening of the interbank market each business day.

\n

Shanxi reports more raw coal production

\n

Coal-rich province of Shanxi reported 756.44 million metric tons of raw coal production in the first seven months, up 7.2 percent year-on-year, according to local authorities. As the country's top coal producer, Shanxi contributed 27.2 percent of China's total output during this period.

\n

", + "content": "

Yuan strengthens to 7.1287 against USD

\n

The central parity rate of the Chinese currency renminbi, or the yuan, strengthened 97 pips to 7.1287 against the US dollar on Thursday, according to the China Foreign Exchange Trade System. The central parity rate of the yuan against the US dollar is based on a weighted average of prices offered by market makers before the opening of the interbank market each business day.

\n

Shanxi reports more raw coal production

\n

Coal-rich province of Shanxi reported 756.44 million metric tons of raw coal production in the first seven months, up 7.2 percent year-on-year, according to local authorities. As the country's top coal producer, Shanxi contributed 27.2 percent of China's total output during this period.

\n

", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_013_68a7942fed50ccabe1517f6d.htm#013BUSINESS", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "00bc44fd8292b6fefd215c72cf393602", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "014BUSINESS - Home appliance makers tap into silver economy", + "description": "

Seniors check out air conditioners at a shopping center in Shanghai.

\n\n

As China's silver economy is gaining growth momentum, top Chinese home appliance makers are ramping up efforts to launch products suitable for seniors — a demographic that has shown an increasing demand for diversified, easy-to-use and health-oriented household appliances.

\n

Experts said that with functions such as intelligent voice interaction and health monitoring powered by artificial intelligence technology being increasingly integrated into home appliances, it will be more convenient for seniors to use these intelligent and innovative products, creating new consumption growth drivers.

\n

Chinese home appliance giant Haier Group has developed AI-driven rehabilitation robots, which can provide personalized rehab plans based on the physical conditions of the elderly. The company has rolled out toilets designed for seniors who have mobility issues, as well as showers and bathrooms with constant temperature control systems and voice recognition functionality.

\n

Hisense Group has launched televisions equipped with medical-level vision protection technology that is in accordance with the viewing habits and preferences of the elderly. Seniors can play games, engage in physical exercise, make purchases online and have video chats with their friends and family members via the intelligent TVs.

\n

The company is also collaborating with top-tier hospitals across the nation to develop healthcare management platforms.

\n

Sichuan Changhong Electronic Holding Group has developed a smart eldercare system, enabling interconnections of home appliances, medical devices and security systems, and its AI-powered TV sets can understand the needs of seniors and remind them of taking medications on time.

\n

Eyeing the immense business opportunities from China's silver economy and a rapidly aging population, major home appliance makers are stepping up research and development and technological innovation of senior-friendly products to satisfy the diversified demands of the expanding demographic, said Jiang Feng, president of the China Household Electrical Appliances Association.

\n

Jiang said traditional home appliance products are highly homogenized, while the niche market targeting seniors is still in its initial stages, which will create new sources of revenue for home appliance companies.

\n

Beijing-based market consultancy All View Cloud said the scale of China's senior-friendly home appliance market will exceed 100 billion yuan ($14 billion) in 2025 and is expected to reach 1 trillion yuan in 2030.

\n

According to the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the nation's elderly population is projected to grow by more than 10 million annually over the next decade. By 2035, the silver economy is expected to account for 9 percent of China's GDP.

\n

China has released a guideline aimed at building up a solid services system for the elderly by 2029, as part of a broader push to better cope with the aging population and improve the quality of life for seniors.

\n

According to the guideline, the central authorities encourage companies to develop and promote products for the elderly — either high-tech electrical appliances or tourism products — and enrich services for them, aiming for a prosperous silver economy.

\n

China's silver economy is expected to grow from 7 trillion yuan in 2024 to 30 trillion yuan in 2035, said the China Research Center on Aging.

\n

Liang Zhenpeng, an independent consumer electronics analyst, said that as smart air conditioners can automatically adjust room temperatures and AI TVs can broadcast personal health information, household appliances are becoming "emotional companions" for the elderly.

\n

With the help of AI, senior-friendly home appliances are creating a safer, more comfortable and smarter home environment for silver-haired residents, Liang said, adding that these products should cater to the fundamental needs of the elderly, while home appliance makers need to further expand application scenarios, striking a balance between technological iteration and user education.

\n

In order to meet the older generation's personalized needs and rising willingness and ability to spend on high-quality goods, he stressed the need to establish standards for senior-oriented home appliances and launch more intelligent home products, such as nursing and housekeeping robots for senior citizens.

\n

Zhang Subing, chief expert at the China Electronics Standardization Institute, said more efforts should be made to strengthen technological innovation, improve product design and enhance after-sales support for the elderly, with a key focus on embedding AI and health-oriented functions into intelligent terminal devices.

\n

fanfeifei@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "content": "

Seniors check out air conditioners at a shopping center in Shanghai.

\n\n

As China's silver economy is gaining growth momentum, top Chinese home appliance makers are ramping up efforts to launch products suitable for seniors — a demographic that has shown an increasing demand for diversified, easy-to-use and health-oriented household appliances.

\n

Experts said that with functions such as intelligent voice interaction and health monitoring powered by artificial intelligence technology being increasingly integrated into home appliances, it will be more convenient for seniors to use these intelligent and innovative products, creating new consumption growth drivers.

\n

Chinese home appliance giant Haier Group has developed AI-driven rehabilitation robots, which can provide personalized rehab plans based on the physical conditions of the elderly. The company has rolled out toilets designed for seniors who have mobility issues, as well as showers and bathrooms with constant temperature control systems and voice recognition functionality.

\n

Hisense Group has launched televisions equipped with medical-level vision protection technology that is in accordance with the viewing habits and preferences of the elderly. Seniors can play games, engage in physical exercise, make purchases online and have video chats with their friends and family members via the intelligent TVs.

\n

The company is also collaborating with top-tier hospitals across the nation to develop healthcare management platforms.

\n

Sichuan Changhong Electronic Holding Group has developed a smart eldercare system, enabling interconnections of home appliances, medical devices and security systems, and its AI-powered TV sets can understand the needs of seniors and remind them of taking medications on time.

\n

Eyeing the immense business opportunities from China's silver economy and a rapidly aging population, major home appliance makers are stepping up research and development and technological innovation of senior-friendly products to satisfy the diversified demands of the expanding demographic, said Jiang Feng, president of the China Household Electrical Appliances Association.

\n

Jiang said traditional home appliance products are highly homogenized, while the niche market targeting seniors is still in its initial stages, which will create new sources of revenue for home appliance companies.

\n

Beijing-based market consultancy All View Cloud said the scale of China's senior-friendly home appliance market will exceed 100 billion yuan ($14 billion) in 2025 and is expected to reach 1 trillion yuan in 2030.

\n

According to the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the nation's elderly population is projected to grow by more than 10 million annually over the next decade. By 2035, the silver economy is expected to account for 9 percent of China's GDP.

\n

China has released a guideline aimed at building up a solid services system for the elderly by 2029, as part of a broader push to better cope with the aging population and improve the quality of life for seniors.

\n

According to the guideline, the central authorities encourage companies to develop and promote products for the elderly — either high-tech electrical appliances or tourism products — and enrich services for them, aiming for a prosperous silver economy.

\n

China's silver economy is expected to grow from 7 trillion yuan in 2024 to 30 trillion yuan in 2035, said the China Research Center on Aging.

\n

Liang Zhenpeng, an independent consumer electronics analyst, said that as smart air conditioners can automatically adjust room temperatures and AI TVs can broadcast personal health information, household appliances are becoming "emotional companions" for the elderly.

\n

With the help of AI, senior-friendly home appliances are creating a safer, more comfortable and smarter home environment for silver-haired residents, Liang said, adding that these products should cater to the fundamental needs of the elderly, while home appliance makers need to further expand application scenarios, striking a balance between technological iteration and user education.

\n

In order to meet the older generation's personalized needs and rising willingness and ability to spend on high-quality goods, he stressed the need to establish standards for senior-oriented home appliances and launch more intelligent home products, such as nursing and housekeeping robots for senior citizens.

\n

Zhang Subing, chief expert at the China Electronics Standardization Institute, said more efforts should be made to strengthen technological innovation, improve product design and enhance after-sales support for the elderly, with a key focus on embedding AI and health-oriented functions into intelligent terminal devices.

\n

fanfeifei@chinadaily.com.cn

\n

", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/22/content_014_68a79438ed50ccabe1517f6f.htm#014BUSINESS", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "ChinaDaily", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "66d9f1f86c23489d5f5b8a2ddf1dd94d", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "蚊子停在天花板上是否比停在墙壁上能耗更大？", "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

这得先解答第一个问题：

\n

蚊子到底是怎么牢牢粘在各种表面上的？

\n
\"\"
\n

把蚊子的脚放大成千上万倍，科学家们发现上面布满了像刷子一样、超级细微的毛发，我们叫它“刚毛” [1]。

\n
\"\"
\n

于是科学家提出了一个猜想：对于我们人来说，一个表面越光滑可能感觉越“粘”，但对于拥有这身“装备”的蚊子来说，情况可能正好相反。他们认为，

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一个粗糙的表面，反而能让蚊子脚上的无数根小“刷毛”找到更多的接触点，像无数个微型的小钩子一样抓住表面，从而产生更大的附着力 。

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左边光滑表面接触点少，附着力低；右边粗糙表面接触点多，附着力高
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为了验证这个猜想，科学家们设计了一个非常精妙的实验。他们找来一台能测量极微小力量的“神器”——原子力显微镜（AFM） 。但这次，他们没有用标准的探针，而是做了一个大胆的改造：他们小心翼翼地剪下一条蚊子的腿，用胶把它粘在了显微镜的探针上。

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这样一来，他们就可以精确地控制这条“自动化”的蚊子腿，去触碰不同的表面，并测量把它拉开需要多大的力，这个力就是附着力 。

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他们准备了两种主要测试品：

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  1. 光滑的塑料片 (HDPE)
    2. \n
  2. 被特殊处理过的、粗糙的塑料片
    3. \n
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四种不同粗糙度塑料表面的显微镜照片
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然后，让蚊子腿一次又一次地“踩”向不同的表面。

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实验结果完全证实了科学家的猜想。在光滑的塑料表面上，一个样本测得的平均附着力大约是 12.0 nN（纳牛顿，一个非常小的力单位） 。

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然而，当同一条蚊子腿踩在粗糙的表面上时，随着表面从光滑（I）变得更粗糙（II、III），附着力也随之增加 ，平均附着力飙升到了 76.2 nN 。附着力整整增强了 6 倍多。这证明了，对于蚊子来说，粗糙的表面确实能提供更强的“抓力” 。

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随着表面从光滑（I）变得更粗糙（II、III），附着力也随之增加 。
\n

科学家们又有了新的问题：这种附着力是纯粹的物理接触力（范德华力），还是空气中的水汽也像胶水一样起到了作用（毛细作用力）？

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范德华力是一种弱的分子间吸引力，当两个物体表面距离小于 10 nm 时，就会产生。它不需要任何化学物质或液体中介，而是源于电子云的瞬时极化。

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他们设计了第二个实验来回答这个问题。这次他们引入了两种性质完全不同的表面，并在一个可以控制湿度的密闭空间里进行测试 ：

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    \n
  1. 疏水表面：就是我们之前用的塑料(HDPE)，它不怎么吸水 。
    2. \n
  2. 亲水表面：一种被酸清洗过的硅片，非常容易吸附水汽 。
    3. \n
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图(b)和(c)展示了水滴在这两种表面上的形态，直观地显示了它们的疏水性（不吸水）和亲水性（吸水） 。
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结果，在不吸水的塑料表面，无论空气湿度怎么变（从 10%到 90%），附着力始终稳定在 20 nN 左右，几乎不变 。这说明在这里，水汽基本没起作用，附着力主要就是范德华力。

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在不吸水的塑料表面上，附着力基本不受湿度影响，说明蚊子自身的附着力主要来自范德华力 。但在吸水的硅片表面，附着力随湿度增加而显著增强，这表明空气中的水汽在表面形成水膜，产生了额外的毛细作用力，帮助蚊子粘得更牢 。
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而在吸水的硅片表面，当环境干燥时，附着力约为 40 nN。但当湿度增加到 60%时，附着力竟飙升到了 150 nN 以上。

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这很好说明了，蚊子的附着在墙上就是范德华力，但在潮湿且亲水的表面，水汽会变成一个强大的“助攻”，大大增强其附着力。

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在实验中，科学家为了不损坏蚊子腿和精密的仪器，只施加了一个非常微小的预加载力（Preload），仅为 50 nN 。

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研究论文中明确提到，一只活的蚊子为了站稳，它会用力压住腿部。这个力有多大呢？论文估算，每条腿典型的预加载力约为 4 mN（毫牛顿），也就是 4000000 nN 。

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什么是预加载力？

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预加载力可以通俗地理解为蚊子在让脚垫“粘”到表面上时，主动用肌肉向下“按”或“压”的那一下初始力量。

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一旦蚊子通过预加载力让自己的脚垫牢牢地附着在了墙面或天花板上，接下来的事情就变得非常“节能”了。

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因为产生附着力的范德华力是一种物理力，就像磁铁吸在冰箱上一样。一旦分子间的距离足够近，这种吸引力就持续存在，不需要消耗蚊子的生物能量（ATP）来维持，就进入了一种低能耗的待机模式。

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而方向差异不改变被动性质（对抗墙壁的滑动阻力和垂直拉扯力），也就说不管墙壁还是天花板都不费力[2]。

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不止蚊子，大部分的昆虫和壁虎这些，脚上有刚毛的都是靠范德华力
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科学家没直接抓蚊子测，用了也用范德华力粘附的杖虫做实验，因为脚结构差不多[3]。他们让杖虫在墙壁和天花板上爬，用传感器测力气。发现虫子在两种地方的“粘力”差不多，安全系数（粘力除以体重）都在 20-100 倍。意思是，虫子超稳，不会掉，也不用多费力气。

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维持不需要能量，只有分离时需微量机械功。这种机制进化出来就是为了省能量。

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查看知乎讨论
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\n\n\n\n", @@ -7362,10 +6416,120 @@ "image": "http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Nc53lZXDjZwDTSISGR4xlicLicHSZQ2Az6yzuTwWm4iboHMSnJhn5s6HodjpicYZW8YxeqiaPoMJ1rJdCW8a0Ywllug/0?wx_fmt=png", "description": "", "items": [ + { + "title": "瞎扯 · 如何正确地吐槽", + "description": "
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@小轩 ：如果一个人在年纪轻轻的时候就安于现状及时享乐，想吃就吃想玩就玩。 那等他老了的时候，你就会发现他， 那基本是没什么遗憾了。
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@老约翰中药店 ：炖鸡腿。给他们俩一人一大勺烂乎乎的鸡腿。 给我一块炖烂糊依然保留形状的生姜。
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@陈尽之 ：诸葛亮 47 岁才生下第一个儿子，如果给诸葛亮黄袍加身的话，为了政权稳固，诸葛亮大概率会选他已成年的义子当太子，对，就是刘禅。
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@红蜘蛛的鬼魂 ：我湖北的，后来考去沈阳， 发给武汉的朋友他们说这是要杀头的。
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@明先生 ：钓了几个小时才发现，整个湖里竟然一条鱼都没有，你敢相信！！！！
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获取更多RSS：
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", + "content": "
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@小轩 ：如果一个人在年纪轻轻的时候就安于现状及时享乐，想吃就吃想玩就玩。 那等他老了的时候，你就会发现他， 那基本是没什么遗憾了。
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@老约翰中药店 ：炖鸡腿。给他们俩一人一大勺烂乎乎的鸡腿。 给我一块炖烂糊依然保留形状的生姜。
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@陈尽之 ：诸葛亮 47 岁才生下第一个儿子，如果给诸葛亮黄袍加身的话，为了政权稳固，诸葛亮大概率会选他已成年的义子当太子，对，就是刘禅。
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@红蜘蛛的鬼魂 ：我湖北的，后来考去沈阳， 发给武汉的朋友他们说这是要杀头的。
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@明先生 ：钓了几个小时才发现，整个湖里竟然一条鱼都没有，你敢相信！！！！
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获取更多RSS：
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", + "category": "", + "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783497", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Mon, 25 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "知乎", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "88edb451f1eb68764ea7dd54de6a533b", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "历史上有哪些知名「猫奴」？", + "description": "
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古今中外，历史上有名的猫奴还真不少！

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比如：

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01. 吟猫诗人——“一发不可收拾”的陆游

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“风卷江湖雨暗村，四山声作海涛翻。
溪柴火软蛮毡暖，我与狸奴不出门”。
——陆游《十一月四日风雨大作》
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图自：猫研所@一二三四
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以上是南宋“知名猫奴”陆游的真实写照。

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最开始陆游，只是因为不想家里的老鼠咬坏自己的藏书，想养只猫咪来对付它们。

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没想到！

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第一只猫咪接回来，表现勇猛，三下五除二，就将老鼠大军连连击退！

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陆游还给他取名“小於菟”，意思就是小老虎~

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图自：猫研所@一二三四
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后来陆游还接了两只小猫咪回家，分别取名“雪儿”和“粉鼻”。

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陆游为“雪儿”题了一首《得猫于近村以雪儿名之戏为作诗》，认为“雪儿”可能是他前世的书童，特意来陪伴他的~

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“粉鼻”因为保卫粮食有功，陆游还特地写了一首《赠粉鼻》表扬他！

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图自：猫研所@一二三四
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最后陆游给猫咪一共写了12 首诗。（给他的挚爱唐琬也只写了 10 首！）

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02.给猫封官——“被猫迷了眼”的嘉靖皇帝

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这位更是不得了，已经进入“癫狂”状态了！

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不仅在宫里设立了“猫儿房”，让三四个人一起伺候他的爱猫。

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还给猫设官职和昵称，公猫叫“小厮”，母猫叫“丫头”，绝育猫叫“老爹”，混得好的猫就成了“管事”，伺候这个猫的人也跟着升官发财。

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图自：猫研所@一二三四
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更不得不提的是“霜眉”，传闻这猫全身呈青，唯独双眉洁白无瑕（这长相？）。

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图自：猫研所@一二三四
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嘉靖皇帝喜欢得不得了，走哪带哪，连睡觉也得让“霜眉”暖暖龙床。

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后宫的妃子们都羡慕嫉妒恨呢~

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但猫的寿命是有限的。

\n

“霜眉”去世后，嘉靖皇帝为他打造了一口纯金的棺材，并葬在了万寿山北坡（皇家园林），立墓碑并题名：“虬龙冢”。（当然，大臣们是极力反对的。）

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图自：猫研所@一二三四
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呜呜呜，朕的爱猫怎么就只拥有一口纯金棺材呢？

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为了“霜眉”能够“荐度超生”，嘉靖皇帝又举办了一场祭文比赛。

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礼部学士的袁炜以一句“化狮作龙”让嘉靖龙心大悦，此后多次重用他。

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试问，古往今来，几只猫咪能受到这种待遇？

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03.替猫出头——“谁打我猫我打谁”的钱钟书

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“打狗要看主人面，那么，打猫要看主妇面了......”
——《猫》钱钟书
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钱钟书，也拜倒在猫咪的“毛茸茸”之下。

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杨绛抱着猫 图自：baidu
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钱钟书家有一只猫叫“花花儿”。

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“花花儿”最近归家总是带着点伤痕，钱钟书怀疑他是在外面被野猫欺负了。

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图自：猫研所@一二三四
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经过一段时间的观察，原来“花花儿”是和邻居林徽因家的“爱的焦点”在房顶上打架。

\n

原因竟然还是“争风吃醋”！

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图自：猫研所@一二三四
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钱钟书作为主人，怎么可以让“花花儿”打败架？

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于是钱钟书自制了一根长竹竿，随时准备为自家爱猫“冲锋陷阵”！

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睡觉时，也把竹竿放在身侧。

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不管多冷的天，只要听到一点响动，就马上从热被窝里爬出来，直接出击！

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图自：猫研所@一二三四
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“花花儿”，我来了！

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大概“护猫将军”的称号就是由此得来吧~

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04. 为猫作画——“口嫌体正直”的丰子恺

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丰子恺曾说过“我不喜欢猫，我只是喜欢画猫。”

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打脸来得太快，就像龙卷风~

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丰子恺和阿咪 图自：baidu
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不喜欢猫？

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丰子恺家中最多的时候有5 只猫。

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偷偷叼走鱼的阿咪 图自：丰子恺《阿咪》
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而 5 只猫中最被众人熟知的要属“白象”，“黄伯伯”和“阿咪”了。

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出现在客人头上的黄伯伯 图自：丰子恺《阿咪》
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TA 们经常出现在丰子恺的画或文中。

\n

丰子恺对“白象”的喜爱之情溢于言表：“白象真是可爱的猫！......收电灯费的人看见了它，几乎忘记拿钞票；查户口的警察看见了它，也暂时不查了。”

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白象道歉 图自：丰子恺《阿咪》
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后来丰子恺还专门写了一篇名为《阿咪》的散文。

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文中写道：猫的可爱，可说是群众意见。猫的确能化岑寂为热闹，变枯燥为生趣，转懊恼为欢笑；能助人亲善，教人团结。即使不捕老鼠，也有功于人生。

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丰子恺画中的猫 图自：丰子恺《阿咪》
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原来这样也叫“我不喜欢猫”啊~

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除了钱钟书和丰子恺以外，民国时期“与猫结缘”的名人还有不少：

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图自：网络 / 猫研所
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05. 寻猫启示——“最后自己找到”的马克·吐温

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马克·吐温最近很头秃，自家的巴比诺走丢了！

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马克·吐温的爱猫巴比诺 图自：ucpress
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急得他，立刻在当地的报纸上登上了一则“寻猫启示”，还附上了自己的信息。

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图自：猫研所@一二三四
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“什么？我的偶像马克·吐温在找猫！那我抱着我家猫去，岂不是能见他一面！”粉丝们纷纷激动道。

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于是，马克·吐温在找到巴比诺之前，在家里进行了一场“粉丝&猫见面会”。

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图自：猫研所@一二三四
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巴比诺本来是女儿克拉拉养的，后来转赠给了马克·吐温，成为了他的最爱。

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巴比诺在马克·吐温的 19 只猫中，获得“圣宠”，一定也不容易吧。

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图自：猫研所@一二三四
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马克·吐温给每只猫都取了很独特的名字，比如Blatherskite(吹牛大王)，Beelzebub(圣经中的恶魔)，Apollinaris(一款德国矿泉水)，BuffaloBill(水牛比尔)，SourMash(酸麦芽浆)等。

\n

据《泰晤士报》说，马克·吐温出门旅游的时候，还在当地租了三只小猫来陪伴他。

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马克·吐温与猫猫 图自：ucpress
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可谓是重度吸猫成瘾者了！

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参考来源：

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[1] 《十一月四日风雨大作》陆游

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[2] 《赠粉鼻》陆游

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[3] 《得猫于近村以雪儿名之戏为作诗》陆游

\n

[4] 《酌中志·内府衙门职掌》刘若愚

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[5] 《万历野获编》沈德符

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[6] 《明史·袁炜传》张廷玉

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[7] 《阿咪》丰子恺

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[8] 《围城》后序 杨绛

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[9] 《马克·吐温自传》马克·吐温

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查看知乎讨论
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古今中外，历史上有名的猫奴还真不少！

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比如：

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01. 吟猫诗人——“一发不可收拾”的陆游

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“风卷江湖雨暗村，四山声作海涛翻。
溪柴火软蛮毡暖，我与狸奴不出门”。
——陆游《十一月四日风雨大作》
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图自：猫研所@一二三四
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以上是南宋“知名猫奴”陆游的真实写照。

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最开始陆游，只是因为不想家里的老鼠咬坏自己的藏书，想养只猫咪来对付它们。

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没想到！

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第一只猫咪接回来，表现勇猛，三下五除二，就将老鼠大军连连击退！

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陆游还给他取名“小於菟”，意思就是小老虎~

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图自：猫研所@一二三四
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后来陆游还接了两只小猫咪回家，分别取名“雪儿”和“粉鼻”。

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陆游为“雪儿”题了一首《得猫于近村以雪儿名之戏为作诗》，认为“雪儿”可能是他前世的书童，特意来陪伴他的~

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“粉鼻”因为保卫粮食有功，陆游还特地写了一首《赠粉鼻》表扬他！

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图自：猫研所@一二三四
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最后陆游给猫咪一共写了12 首诗。（给他的挚爱唐琬也只写了 10 首！）

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02.给猫封官——“被猫迷了眼”的嘉靖皇帝

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这位更是不得了，已经进入“癫狂”状态了！

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不仅在宫里设立了“猫儿房”，让三四个人一起伺候他的爱猫。

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还给猫设官职和昵称，公猫叫“小厮”，母猫叫“丫头”，绝育猫叫“老爹”，混得好的猫就成了“管事”，伺候这个猫的人也跟着升官发财。

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图自：猫研所@一二三四
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更不得不提的是“霜眉”，传闻这猫全身呈青，唯独双眉洁白无瑕（这长相？）。

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图自：猫研所@一二三四
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嘉靖皇帝喜欢得不得了，走哪带哪，连睡觉也得让“霜眉”暖暖龙床。

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后宫的妃子们都羡慕嫉妒恨呢~

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但猫的寿命是有限的。

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“霜眉”去世后，嘉靖皇帝为他打造了一口纯金的棺材，并葬在了万寿山北坡（皇家园林），立墓碑并题名：“虬龙冢”。（当然，大臣们是极力反对的。）

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图自：猫研所@一二三四
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呜呜呜，朕的爱猫怎么就只拥有一口纯金棺材呢？

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为了“霜眉”能够“荐度超生”，嘉靖皇帝又举办了一场祭文比赛。

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礼部学士的袁炜以一句“化狮作龙”让嘉靖龙心大悦，此后多次重用他。

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试问，古往今来，几只猫咪能受到这种待遇？

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03.替猫出头——“谁打我猫我打谁”的钱钟书

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“打狗要看主人面，那么，打猫要看主妇面了......”
——《猫》钱钟书
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钱钟书，也拜倒在猫咪的“毛茸茸”之下。

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杨绛抱着猫 图自：baidu
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钱钟书家有一只猫叫“花花儿”。

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“花花儿”最近归家总是带着点伤痕，钱钟书怀疑他是在外面被野猫欺负了。

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图自：猫研所@一二三四
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经过一段时间的观察，原来“花花儿”是和邻居林徽因家的“爱的焦点”在房顶上打架。

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原因竟然还是“争风吃醋”！

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图自：猫研所@一二三四
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钱钟书作为主人，怎么可以让“花花儿”打败架？

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于是钱钟书自制了一根长竹竿，随时准备为自家爱猫“冲锋陷阵”！

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睡觉时，也把竹竿放在身侧。

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不管多冷的天，只要听到一点响动，就马上从热被窝里爬出来，直接出击！

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图自：猫研所@一二三四
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“花花儿”，我来了！

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大概“护猫将军”的称号就是由此得来吧~

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04. 为猫作画——“口嫌体正直”的丰子恺

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丰子恺曾说过“我不喜欢猫，我只是喜欢画猫。”

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打脸来得太快，就像龙卷风~

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丰子恺和阿咪 图自：baidu
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不喜欢猫？

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丰子恺家中最多的时候有5 只猫。

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偷偷叼走鱼的阿咪 图自：丰子恺《阿咪》
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而 5 只猫中最被众人熟知的要属“白象”，“黄伯伯”和“阿咪”了。

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出现在客人头上的黄伯伯 图自：丰子恺《阿咪》
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TA 们经常出现在丰子恺的画或文中。

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丰子恺对“白象”的喜爱之情溢于言表：“白象真是可爱的猫！......收电灯费的人看见了它，几乎忘记拿钞票；查户口的警察看见了它，也暂时不查了。”

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白象道歉 图自：丰子恺《阿咪》
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后来丰子恺还专门写了一篇名为《阿咪》的散文。

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文中写道：猫的可爱，可说是群众意见。猫的确能化岑寂为热闹，变枯燥为生趣，转懊恼为欢笑；能助人亲善，教人团结。即使不捕老鼠，也有功于人生。

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丰子恺画中的猫 图自：丰子恺《阿咪》
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原来这样也叫“我不喜欢猫”啊~

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除了钱钟书和丰子恺以外，民国时期“与猫结缘”的名人还有不少：

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图自：网络 / 猫研所
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05. 寻猫启示——“最后自己找到”的马克·吐温

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马克·吐温最近很头秃，自家的巴比诺走丢了！

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马克·吐温的爱猫巴比诺 图自：ucpress
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急得他，立刻在当地的报纸上登上了一则“寻猫启示”，还附上了自己的信息。

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图自：猫研所@一二三四
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“什么？我的偶像马克·吐温在找猫！那我抱着我家猫去，岂不是能见他一面！”粉丝们纷纷激动道。

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于是，马克·吐温在找到巴比诺之前，在家里进行了一场“粉丝&猫见面会”。

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图自：猫研所@一二三四
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巴比诺本来是女儿克拉拉养的，后来转赠给了马克·吐温，成为了他的最爱。

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巴比诺在马克·吐温的 19 只猫中，获得“圣宠”，一定也不容易吧。

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图自：猫研所@一二三四
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马克·吐温给每只猫都取了很独特的名字，比如Blatherskite(吹牛大王)，Beelzebub(圣经中的恶魔)，Apollinaris(一款德国矿泉水)，BuffaloBill(水牛比尔)，SourMash(酸麦芽浆)等。

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据《泰晤士报》说，马克·吐温出门旅游的时候，还在当地租了三只小猫来陪伴他。

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马克·吐温与猫猫 图自：ucpress
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可谓是重度吸猫成瘾者了！

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参考来源：

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[1] 《十一月四日风雨大作》陆游

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[2] 《赠粉鼻》陆游

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[3] 《得猫于近村以雪儿名之戏为作诗》陆游

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[4] 《酌中志·内府衙门职掌》刘若愚

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[5] 《万历野获编》沈德符

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[6] 《明史·袁炜传》张廷玉

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[7] 《阿咪》丰子恺

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[8] 《围城》后序 杨绛

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[9] 《马克·吐温自传》马克·吐温

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查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783481", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Mon, 25 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "知乎", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "22c307bb001b1cd1a0eb368863376cf4", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "自然界中有没有非生命物质表现出生命体的特征？", + "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

有。生命与非生命没有绝对清晰的界限，休眠的微生物、休眠的动物、病毒、亚病毒因子不时被一些来源称为介于生命与非生命之间。

\n

科普中国在 2025 年翻译并发布了 Phil Jaekl 的文章 The Animals That Exist Between Life and Death，谈论了轮虫、鳗虫等动物在脱水休眠后加水恢复的历史研究，谈论了关于这休眠是死是活还是第三种状态的争议。

\n

黏土中的硅酸盐结晶可以合并水中溶解的硅酸盐而生长，在风、水等影响下改变形态，特定的结晶形态更容易在河床中堆积并促使更多结晶形成；在水位下降露出河床时，一些结晶会被风吹到其他地方并重复堆积过程。Cains-Smith 在 1982 年提出黏土结晶可以储存晶体结构缺陷、错位、离子置换等信息并进行复制[1]。

\n

自然形成的有机分子可以在黏土结晶的硅酸盐表面上发生化学反应。

\n

现代深海热泉的自然环境在自发进行耐环境微生物体内进行的 90% 以上的化学反应并产生氢气。

\n

看起来，原始地球上的一些粒子在太阳辐射等影响下发生化学反应，一些产物积累起来、形成自我维持的化学反应网络，一些分子发生了自我制造过程，多种分子结合、形成特定的耗散系统。在适当的热力学自由能支持下，这些耗散系统能够相对稳定地、高密度地储存若干信息，能够将储存的信息用于新陈代谢，能够在自我制造的过程中发生各种错误、经历广义自然选择，将熵和废热排放到太空。四十多亿年后，这些耗散系统的若干后代将其追认为生命。从非生命到生命的过程包含许多模糊的部分，里面大概会有许多如题述地表现出生命特征的非生命。相关研究还在进行中。

\n

2025 年 5 月发表的一篇文章称，在酸性的水中加热 RNA，可以有效地分离双链 RNA；那之后将溶液的酸性中和并冷冻，在冰晶间的液态微区里，三核苷酸三磷酸（三联体 RNA）会覆盖单链 RNA、防止它们重新结合成双链 RNA，这些三联体可以作为 5TU/t1 聚合酶核酶（体外进化产生的核酶，材料是 RNA，可用 RNA 二联体、三联体作为底物）进行 RNA 复制的底物。经过反复的冻融循环，在酸碱度、温度、浓度梯度的作用下，RNA 可以持续地由 RNA 催化进行复制，随机引物与底物搞出了新的序列，催化所用的 5TU/t1 聚合酶核酶亦可在这种条件下复制自己的一些片段。

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\"\"
\n
    \n
  • 在原始地球上，昼夜交替、灼热岩石与低温大气的交界等会提供上述条件。当代地球上就存在火山与冰共存的场景[2]。考虑到 RNA 的浓度和冻融循环的难度，淡水比海水更适合进行上述操作。干湿交替也能提高 RNA 浓度并从其他物质产生 RNA，但干湿交替可能影响 RNA 链的稳定性。
    • \n
  • pH 低于 4 的酸性条件可以让 RNA 双链分离需要的温度从中性条件的约 66 摄氏度下降到低于 40 摄氏度[3]。
    • \n
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今后，进一步研究大概会找到更擅长进行自我复制的 RNA，找到用原始地球的条件产生这种 RNA 的过程。

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在现有的关于化学进化的实验里，最简单的自我制造分子是亚氨基二乙酸[4]。

\n
\"\"
\n

看起来，核苷酸可以在远古地球上存在的被太阳紫外线照射、干湿交替的陆地水潭之类环境自然产生。可以参考我回答过的：帮孩子问：生命起源是从海水开始还是淡水？

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实验显示，核苷三磷酸可以在镁铁火山玻璃上自组织成 RNA 链[5]。如此形成的 RNA 链长约 90 到 150 个核苷酸。这达到 2012 年 Joyce 提出的进行演化需要的可能长度（50 到 5000 个核苷酸）。

\n
    \n
  • 镁铁火山玻璃存在于冥古宙地球、诺亚纪火星。火山活动、天体撞击都可以参与它们的形成和变化，并提供一些热量。动力学数据显示，小撞击坑里数吨破碎且浸水的火山玻璃在材料充足时每天可以合成近 1 克 RNA。
    • \n
  • 存在其他自组织成链的方法。
    • \n
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持续潮湿的环境对蛋白质、核酸链等并不友好。地球生物的自然起源可能需要时常干湿交替的浅水或陆地，或是靠岩石微区室提供遮蔽。

\n
    \n
  • 对于浅水，在水体干燥时，脂质可以自组装为囊泡，这可能包裹了 RNA 等分子、成为细胞的起源。可以参考实验[6]。
    • \n
  • 对于深水，在 70 摄氏度、pH 大于 12 的条件下，脂肪酸可以自组织为囊泡[7]。
    • \n
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关于有机化合物的出现：

\n

在实验室，萨瑟兰和其他科学家加热简单的碳基化学物质，用紫外线照射并间歇性地干燥它们，产生了 RNA、DNA、蛋白质等[8][9][10]。化学家尚未在模拟海水的条件下合成如此多样化的生物分子，大量的水和远比钾多的钠对这些分子不利。地球生物可能起源于反复干涸的浅海与池塘。这有助于太阳辐射影响生物分子的手性偏差。

\n

2025 年，一篇文章提出，水雾中的带电水滴之间的放电可以诱发小规模化学反应来制造有机分子。这些水滴落在岩石上，有机分子会积累在岩石缝隙里、经历干湿交替。这需要的水深接近零。

\n

水滴在空气中破裂或受到冲击、振动后发生电荷分离并带电的现象由菲利普·勒纳德第一个进行科学描述，后称勒纳德效应。通常情况下，较小的水滴带负电，较大的水滴带正电。这些水滴间可以发生微小的放电现象。

\n

实验显示，将水滴喷入甲烷、二氧化碳、氨气、氮气组成的混合气体里，可以靠上述微小放电形成具有碳 - 氮键的有机分子。

\n

https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adt8979

\n

水微滴的气液界面、固液界面具有与体相水不同的热力学性质，能够进行一些和体相水不同的化学反应，能够将体相水中的一些化学反应加速四个数量级，能够自发进行一些氧化还原反应、产生一些高反应性的分子并为其他反应提供能量。在原始地球上，这可能有助于一些有机分子的产生。

\n

可以看看关于水微滴产生过氧化氢的文章：

\n

Bogot, A.; Poline, M.; Ji, M.; Dochain, A.; Simonsson, A.; Rosén, S.; Zettergren, H.; Schmidt, H. T.; Thomas, R. D.; Strasser, D. The mutual neutralization of hydronium and hydroxide. Science 2024, 383, 285.

\n

Asserghine, A.; Baby, A.; N’Diaye, J.; Romo, A. I. B.; Das, S.; Litts, C. A.; Jain, P. K.; Rodríguez-López, J.

\n

Dissolved Oxygen Redox as the Source of Hydrogen Peroxide and Hydroxyl Radical in Sonicated Emulsive Water Microdroplets. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2025, DOI:10.1021/jacs.4c16759

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查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", + "content": "
\"头图\"/
\n

有。生命与非生命没有绝对清晰的界限，休眠的微生物、休眠的动物、病毒、亚病毒因子不时被一些来源称为介于生命与非生命之间。

\n

科普中国在 2025 年翻译并发布了 Phil Jaekl 的文章 The Animals That Exist Between Life and Death，谈论了轮虫、鳗虫等动物在脱水休眠后加水恢复的历史研究，谈论了关于这休眠是死是活还是第三种状态的争议。

\n

黏土中的硅酸盐结晶可以合并水中溶解的硅酸盐而生长，在风、水等影响下改变形态，特定的结晶形态更容易在河床中堆积并促使更多结晶形成；在水位下降露出河床时，一些结晶会被风吹到其他地方并重复堆积过程。Cains-Smith 在 1982 年提出黏土结晶可以储存晶体结构缺陷、错位、离子置换等信息并进行复制[1]。

\n

自然形成的有机分子可以在黏土结晶的硅酸盐表面上发生化学反应。

\n

现代深海热泉的自然环境在自发进行耐环境微生物体内进行的 90% 以上的化学反应并产生氢气。

\n

看起来，原始地球上的一些粒子在太阳辐射等影响下发生化学反应，一些产物积累起来、形成自我维持的化学反应网络，一些分子发生了自我制造过程，多种分子结合、形成特定的耗散系统。在适当的热力学自由能支持下，这些耗散系统能够相对稳定地、高密度地储存若干信息，能够将储存的信息用于新陈代谢，能够在自我制造的过程中发生各种错误、经历广义自然选择，将熵和废热排放到太空。四十多亿年后，这些耗散系统的若干后代将其追认为生命。从非生命到生命的过程包含许多模糊的部分，里面大概会有许多如题述地表现出生命特征的非生命。相关研究还在进行中。

\n

2025 年 5 月发表的一篇文章称，在酸性的水中加热 RNA，可以有效地分离双链 RNA；那之后将溶液的酸性中和并冷冻，在冰晶间的液态微区里，三核苷酸三磷酸（三联体 RNA）会覆盖单链 RNA、防止它们重新结合成双链 RNA，这些三联体可以作为 5TU/t1 聚合酶核酶（体外进化产生的核酶，材料是 RNA，可用 RNA 二联体、三联体作为底物）进行 RNA 复制的底物。经过反复的冻融循环，在酸碱度、温度、浓度梯度的作用下，RNA 可以持续地由 RNA 催化进行复制，随机引物与底物搞出了新的序列，催化所用的 5TU/t1 聚合酶核酶亦可在这种条件下复制自己的一些片段。

\n
\"\"
\n
    \n
  • 在原始地球上，昼夜交替、灼热岩石与低温大气的交界等会提供上述条件。当代地球上就存在火山与冰共存的场景[2]。考虑到 RNA 的浓度和冻融循环的难度，淡水比海水更适合进行上述操作。干湿交替也能提高 RNA 浓度并从其他物质产生 RNA，但干湿交替可能影响 RNA 链的稳定性。
    • \n
  • pH 低于 4 的酸性条件可以让 RNA 双链分离需要的温度从中性条件的约 66 摄氏度下降到低于 40 摄氏度[3]。
    • \n
\n
\"\"
\n

今后，进一步研究大概会找到更擅长进行自我复制的 RNA，找到用原始地球的条件产生这种 RNA 的过程。

\n

在现有的关于化学进化的实验里，最简单的自我制造分子是亚氨基二乙酸[4]。

\n
\"\"
\n

看起来，核苷酸可以在远古地球上存在的被太阳紫外线照射、干湿交替的陆地水潭之类环境自然产生。可以参考我回答过的：帮孩子问：生命起源是从海水开始还是淡水？

\n

实验显示，核苷三磷酸可以在镁铁火山玻璃上自组织成 RNA 链[5]。如此形成的 RNA 链长约 90 到 150 个核苷酸。这达到 2012 年 Joyce 提出的进行演化需要的可能长度（50 到 5000 个核苷酸）。

\n
    \n
  • 镁铁火山玻璃存在于冥古宙地球、诺亚纪火星。火山活动、天体撞击都可以参与它们的形成和变化，并提供一些热量。动力学数据显示，小撞击坑里数吨破碎且浸水的火山玻璃在材料充足时每天可以合成近 1 克 RNA。
    • \n
  • 存在其他自组织成链的方法。
    • \n
\n

持续潮湿的环境对蛋白质、核酸链等并不友好。地球生物的自然起源可能需要时常干湿交替的浅水或陆地，或是靠岩石微区室提供遮蔽。

\n
    \n
  • 对于浅水，在水体干燥时，脂质可以自组装为囊泡，这可能包裹了 RNA 等分子、成为细胞的起源。可以参考实验[6]。
    • \n
  • 对于深水，在 70 摄氏度、pH 大于 12 的条件下，脂肪酸可以自组织为囊泡[7]。
    • \n
\n
\n

关于有机化合物的出现：

\n

在实验室，萨瑟兰和其他科学家加热简单的碳基化学物质，用紫外线照射并间歇性地干燥它们，产生了 RNA、DNA、蛋白质等[8][9][10]。化学家尚未在模拟海水的条件下合成如此多样化的生物分子，大量的水和远比钾多的钠对这些分子不利。地球生物可能起源于反复干涸的浅海与池塘。这有助于太阳辐射影响生物分子的手性偏差。

\n

2025 年，一篇文章提出，水雾中的带电水滴之间的放电可以诱发小规模化学反应来制造有机分子。这些水滴落在岩石上，有机分子会积累在岩石缝隙里、经历干湿交替。这需要的水深接近零。

\n

水滴在空气中破裂或受到冲击、振动后发生电荷分离并带电的现象由菲利普·勒纳德第一个进行科学描述，后称勒纳德效应。通常情况下，较小的水滴带负电，较大的水滴带正电。这些水滴间可以发生微小的放电现象。

\n

实验显示，将水滴喷入甲烷、二氧化碳、氨气、氮气组成的混合气体里，可以靠上述微小放电形成具有碳 - 氮键的有机分子。

\n

https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adt8979

\n

水微滴的气液界面、固液界面具有与体相水不同的热力学性质，能够进行一些和体相水不同的化学反应，能够将体相水中的一些化学反应加速四个数量级，能够自发进行一些氧化还原反应、产生一些高反应性的分子并为其他反应提供能量。在原始地球上，这可能有助于一些有机分子的产生。

\n

可以看看关于水微滴产生过氧化氢的文章：

\n

Bogot, A.; Poline, M.; Ji, M.; Dochain, A.; Simonsson, A.; Rosén, S.; Zettergren, H.; Schmidt, H. T.; Thomas, R. D.; Strasser, D. The mutual neutralization of hydronium and hydroxide. Science 2024, 383, 285.

\n

Asserghine, A.; Baby, A.; N’Diaye, J.; Romo, A. I. B.; Das, S.; Litts, C. A.; Jain, P. K.; Rodríguez-López, J.

\n

Dissolved Oxygen Redox as the Source of Hydrogen Peroxide and Hydroxyl Radical in Sonicated Emulsive Water Microdroplets. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2025, DOI:10.1021/jacs.4c16759

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783488", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Mon, 25 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "知乎", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "374d9cb4dc1f5eaf4eb81fb308dc4ef0", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "易拉罐拉环打开时总有一部分要泡到饮料里，感觉很容易导致细菌病毒进入，会有健康风险吗？为什么要这么设计？", + "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

其实严格来说，这样设计才更安全，但是在运输、仓储条件正常的前提下。

\n

比如现在夏季洪涝灾害多，被污水污染过的罐装饮料，即使表面看着密封也不能喝，或者放在老鼠、蟑螂多的仓库中拿出来等情况，这些都是非 常规仓储条件。

\n

当不确定储存条件拿出来的罐装饮品，擦一下或者用吸管是有必要的。

\n

说白了，这是安全 + 环保 + 成本效益三方面的考虑结果。即使加塑料盖也不是最佳方案，因为八宝粥和饮料易拉罐的生产线速度和成本不一样，消费场景也不同，一个吃得慢，开合多次；一个即开即饮（这点后文细说）。

\n

拉环分外掀式和内嵌式，内嵌式固定拉环基本已是主流

\n

虽然我们大多数人认为汽水罐的设计相当简单，但追溯到过去，这种几乎无处不在的拉环不仅容易污染环境而且也造成了一定的安全危险，因为不管是什么样子的拉环，拉断拉环都是难题，这就造成了可能误食的情况，这就给诊疗造成了一定难度。

\n

早在 1976 年《美国医学会杂志》的一篇题为“Aluminum \"pop tops\". A hazard to child health”指出的那样，在三年多一点的时间里，至少有七名儿童“因吞食或吸入铝制饮料罐的拉环而出现并发症而接受治疗”。偶发误吞或吸入仍可能引发食道或肠道梗阻在当时十分棘手。

\n
\"\"
\n

为什么一个拉环造成危险这么大麻烦呢？

\n

首先，误食拉环难诊断。一个特别严重的问题是，铝通常无法在 X 光下显示出来，由于铝质密度只有约 2.7 g/cm³，X 光平片识别困难（低显影），常导致影像漏诊或延误。因此，那时候除非患者或其家属能明确告诉医生近期吞入了拉环，否则即便病史吻合，医生也常常难以在影像中定位拉环。

\n
\"\"
\n

在所有误吞案例中，也有延迟多年才确诊的：一名 22 岁男子，在赴越南服役期间不慎吞入拉环，造成长达四年的反复间歇性腹痛（小肠梗阻），通过腹部和骨盆的平片和计算机断层扫描(CT）发现异物，手术取出后才发现是已经性质改变的拉环[1]。

\n
\"\"
\n

其次就算诊断对了，取出拉环的环节也并非像取根鱼刺那样简单。因为拉环常被食物、脓液或肉芽组织包裹，所以通常需要通过食管镜检查，甚至是开胸手术，由于锋利的拉环边缘很容易切到身体内部组织，曾有一名 11 个月大的婴儿因拉环穿透主动脉弓而死亡。

\n
\"\"
\n

内嵌式固定拉环有什么好处？真的脏吗？

\n

我们平时喝的易拉罐饮料，拉环的设计其实大有门道。它之所以做成“内嵌 + 往里掀”的结构，不是为了“强迫”你喝到点铝圈味儿，而是为了更安全、更省力也更密封。

\n

这个结构可以让开启时的力量集中作用在罐盖的预留薄弱环线上，一撬就开，减少用力过猛导致的手滑或撕裂。而且这种方式不会留下锋利的金属边缘，不像以前那种“整个拉环撕掉”的老式设计，稍不注意就会刮嘴、划手。

\n

另外，拉环向里压，也比向外掀更能防止打开瞬间饮料飞溅出来，尤其是碳酸饮料在晃动后，“安全阀”一样的设计起了不小作用。

\n

不过也有很多人会疑惑：既然拉环会压进罐里，为什么平时我们喝了这么多罐装饮料，几乎没人因此生病？这是因为在正常的生产和流通过程中，易拉罐的清洁和密封标准其实非常严格。饮料罐在出厂前会经过统一的清洗、喷涂和密封，拉环与罐盖虽然在结构上会接触饮料，但它们在封装完成后就是一个相对密闭的系统。

\n
\"\"
\n

再加上在仓储、运输和销售过程中大多数都是在干燥、清洁的环境中完成，细菌和病毒难以大量附着或繁殖。即便有少量灰尘，也不足以引起健康问题。

\n

但这一切的前提是“常规环境”。一旦遇上洪水、泥石流等极端天气，情况就完全不同了。洪涝灾害中的污水往往含有大量粪便污染、致病微生物、化学污染物，而这些水极可能直接接触到饮料罐的外壁和拉环。此时，即便罐体本身没有破损，表面已经高度污染。

\n

当你习惯性地打开易拉罐，拉环一压、气一响，就可能把表面沾染的细菌“送”进饮料里。像大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、霍乱弧菌等都可能通过这种路径进入人体，引发腹泻、发热，甚至更严重的感染。因此在洪灾后，凡是曾经泡过水的罐装饮料，无论看起来多么完好，都不建议饮用，哪怕是简单擦一擦，也无法保证安全。

\n

那可以加塑料盖吗？

\n

其实加塑料盖解决的是一个理论上的小风险，但会引入更大的成本、环保和回收问题。目前全球“减塑”趋势，行业整体倾向于减少多余部件，比如塑料吸管、收缩膜、厚塑封等，包括国内之前管制塑料袋的规则出现。

\n

此外，八宝粥罐头通常是常温保存、随时可吃的固体 / 半固体食品，开盖后可能吃不完，需要“二次封口”，易拉罐饮料易拉罐生产线每分钟可冲压几百罐，一般是一次性喝完，打开就直接喝，几乎没有二次封口的需求。

\n

而增加塑料盖并不能完全杜绝污染（盖子本身也可能被污染，而且不能保证完全密封，运输颠簸中还可能松脱、碎裂，给零售商和消费者带来不便。

\n

所以如果你不确定储存条件正常，你在饮用前可以：

\n
    \n
  • 检查罐头状态：若发现罐头存在凹陷、生锈或明显污渍，应直接丢弃或按规定回收，切勿继续饮用。
    • \n
  • 清洗消毒：饮用前，先用清水冲洗罐头顶部，或用干净的湿布仔细擦拭罐口边缘，减少表面附着的污染物。
    • \n
  • 减少直接接触：可使用吸管饮用，或把饮料倒入干净的杯子中再喝，避免嘴巴直接接触罐头边缘。
    • \n
\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", + "content": "
\"头图\"/
\n

其实严格来说，这样设计才更安全，但是在运输、仓储条件正常的前提下。

\n

比如现在夏季洪涝灾害多，被污水污染过的罐装饮料，即使表面看着密封也不能喝，或者放在老鼠、蟑螂多的仓库中拿出来等情况，这些都是非 常规仓储条件。

\n

当不确定储存条件拿出来的罐装饮品，擦一下或者用吸管是有必要的。

\n

说白了，这是安全 + 环保 + 成本效益三方面的考虑结果。即使加塑料盖也不是最佳方案，因为八宝粥和饮料易拉罐的生产线速度和成本不一样，消费场景也不同，一个吃得慢，开合多次；一个即开即饮（这点后文细说）。

\n

拉环分外掀式和内嵌式，内嵌式固定拉环基本已是主流

\n

虽然我们大多数人认为汽水罐的设计相当简单，但追溯到过去，这种几乎无处不在的拉环不仅容易污染环境而且也造成了一定的安全危险，因为不管是什么样子的拉环，拉断拉环都是难题，这就造成了可能误食的情况，这就给诊疗造成了一定难度。

\n

早在 1976 年《美国医学会杂志》的一篇题为“Aluminum \"pop tops\". A hazard to child health”指出的那样，在三年多一点的时间里，至少有七名儿童“因吞食或吸入铝制饮料罐的拉环而出现并发症而接受治疗”。偶发误吞或吸入仍可能引发食道或肠道梗阻在当时十分棘手。

\n
\"\"
\n

为什么一个拉环造成危险这么大麻烦呢？

\n

首先，误食拉环难诊断。一个特别严重的问题是，铝通常无法在 X 光下显示出来，由于铝质密度只有约 2.7 g/cm³，X 光平片识别困难（低显影），常导致影像漏诊或延误。因此，那时候除非患者或其家属能明确告诉医生近期吞入了拉环，否则即便病史吻合，医生也常常难以在影像中定位拉环。

\n
\"\"
\n

在所有误吞案例中，也有延迟多年才确诊的：一名 22 岁男子，在赴越南服役期间不慎吞入拉环，造成长达四年的反复间歇性腹痛（小肠梗阻），通过腹部和骨盆的平片和计算机断层扫描(CT）发现异物，手术取出后才发现是已经性质改变的拉环[1]。

\n
\"\"
\n

其次就算诊断对了，取出拉环的环节也并非像取根鱼刺那样简单。因为拉环常被食物、脓液或肉芽组织包裹，所以通常需要通过食管镜检查，甚至是开胸手术，由于锋利的拉环边缘很容易切到身体内部组织，曾有一名 11 个月大的婴儿因拉环穿透主动脉弓而死亡。

\n
\"\"
\n

内嵌式固定拉环有什么好处？真的脏吗？

\n

我们平时喝的易拉罐饮料，拉环的设计其实大有门道。它之所以做成“内嵌 + 往里掀”的结构，不是为了“强迫”你喝到点铝圈味儿，而是为了更安全、更省力也更密封。

\n

这个结构可以让开启时的力量集中作用在罐盖的预留薄弱环线上，一撬就开，减少用力过猛导致的手滑或撕裂。而且这种方式不会留下锋利的金属边缘，不像以前那种“整个拉环撕掉”的老式设计，稍不注意就会刮嘴、划手。

\n

另外，拉环向里压，也比向外掀更能防止打开瞬间饮料飞溅出来，尤其是碳酸饮料在晃动后，“安全阀”一样的设计起了不小作用。

\n

不过也有很多人会疑惑：既然拉环会压进罐里，为什么平时我们喝了这么多罐装饮料，几乎没人因此生病？这是因为在正常的生产和流通过程中，易拉罐的清洁和密封标准其实非常严格。饮料罐在出厂前会经过统一的清洗、喷涂和密封，拉环与罐盖虽然在结构上会接触饮料，但它们在封装完成后就是一个相对密闭的系统。

\n
\"\"
\n

再加上在仓储、运输和销售过程中大多数都是在干燥、清洁的环境中完成，细菌和病毒难以大量附着或繁殖。即便有少量灰尘，也不足以引起健康问题。

\n

但这一切的前提是“常规环境”。一旦遇上洪水、泥石流等极端天气，情况就完全不同了。洪涝灾害中的污水往往含有大量粪便污染、致病微生物、化学污染物，而这些水极可能直接接触到饮料罐的外壁和拉环。此时，即便罐体本身没有破损，表面已经高度污染。

\n

当你习惯性地打开易拉罐，拉环一压、气一响，就可能把表面沾染的细菌“送”进饮料里。像大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、霍乱弧菌等都可能通过这种路径进入人体，引发腹泻、发热，甚至更严重的感染。因此在洪灾后，凡是曾经泡过水的罐装饮料，无论看起来多么完好，都不建议饮用，哪怕是简单擦一擦，也无法保证安全。

\n

那可以加塑料盖吗？

\n

其实加塑料盖解决的是一个理论上的小风险，但会引入更大的成本、环保和回收问题。目前全球“减塑”趋势，行业整体倾向于减少多余部件，比如塑料吸管、收缩膜、厚塑封等，包括国内之前管制塑料袋的规则出现。

\n

此外，八宝粥罐头通常是常温保存、随时可吃的固体 / 半固体食品，开盖后可能吃不完，需要“二次封口”，易拉罐饮料易拉罐生产线每分钟可冲压几百罐，一般是一次性喝完，打开就直接喝，几乎没有二次封口的需求。

\n

而增加塑料盖并不能完全杜绝污染（盖子本身也可能被污染，而且不能保证完全密封，运输颠簸中还可能松脱、碎裂，给零售商和消费者带来不便。

\n

所以如果你不确定储存条件正常，你在饮用前可以：

\n
    \n
  • 检查罐头状态：若发现罐头存在凹陷、生锈或明显污渍，应直接丢弃或按规定回收，切勿继续饮用。
    • \n
  • 清洗消毒：饮用前，先用清水冲洗罐头顶部，或用干净的湿布仔细擦拭罐口边缘，减少表面附着的污染物。
    • \n
  • 减少直接接触：可使用吸管饮用，或把饮料倒入干净的杯子中再喝，避免嘴巴直接接触罐头边缘。
    • \n
\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783474", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Mon, 25 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "知乎", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "1f2c19923bd0e2630587774e2c9595f4", + "highlights": [] + }, + { + "title": "蚊子停在天花板上是否比停在墙壁上能耗更大？", + "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

这得先解答第一个问题：

\n

蚊子到底是怎么牢牢粘在各种表面上的？

\n
\"\"
\n

把蚊子的脚放大成千上万倍，科学家们发现上面布满了像刷子一样、超级细微的毛发，我们叫它“刚毛” [1]。

\n
\"\"
\n

于是科学家提出了一个猜想：对于我们人来说，一个表面越光滑可能感觉越“粘”，但对于拥有这身“装备”的蚊子来说，情况可能正好相反。他们认为，

\n

一个粗糙的表面，反而能让蚊子脚上的无数根小“刷毛”找到更多的接触点，像无数个微型的小钩子一样抓住表面，从而产生更大的附着力 。

\n
\"\"
左边光滑表面接触点少，附着力低；右边粗糙表面接触点多，附着力高
\n

为了验证这个猜想，科学家们设计了一个非常精妙的实验。他们找来一台能测量极微小力量的“神器”——原子力显微镜（AFM） 。但这次，他们没有用标准的探针，而是做了一个大胆的改造：他们小心翼翼地剪下一条蚊子的腿，用胶把它粘在了显微镜的探针上。

\n

这样一来，他们就可以精确地控制这条“自动化”的蚊子腿，去触碰不同的表面，并测量把它拉开需要多大的力，这个力就是附着力 。

\n
\"\"
\n

他们准备了两种主要测试品：

\n
    \n
  1. 光滑的塑料片 (HDPE)
    2. \n
  2. 被特殊处理过的、粗糙的塑料片
    3. \n
\n
\"\"
四种不同粗糙度塑料表面的显微镜照片
\n

然后，让蚊子腿一次又一次地“踩”向不同的表面。

\n

实验结果完全证实了科学家的猜想。在光滑的塑料表面上，一个样本测得的平均附着力大约是 12.0 nN（纳牛顿，一个非常小的力单位） 。

\n

然而，当同一条蚊子腿踩在粗糙的表面上时，随着表面从光滑（I）变得更粗糙（II、III），附着力也随之增加 ，平均附着力飙升到了 76.2 nN 。附着力整整增强了 6 倍多。这证明了，对于蚊子来说，粗糙的表面确实能提供更强的“抓力” 。

\n
\"\"
随着表面从光滑（I）变得更粗糙（II、III），附着力也随之增加 。
\n

科学家们又有了新的问题：这种附着力是纯粹的物理接触力（范德华力），还是空气中的水汽也像胶水一样起到了作用（毛细作用力）？

\n

范德华力是一种弱的分子间吸引力，当两个物体表面距离小于 10 nm 时，就会产生。它不需要任何化学物质或液体中介，而是源于电子云的瞬时极化。

\n

他们设计了第二个实验来回答这个问题。这次他们引入了两种性质完全不同的表面，并在一个可以控制湿度的密闭空间里进行测试 ：

\n
    \n
  1. 疏水表面：就是我们之前用的塑料(HDPE)，它不怎么吸水 。
    2. \n
  2. 亲水表面：一种被酸清洗过的硅片，非常容易吸附水汽 。
    3. \n
\n
\"\"
图(b)和(c)展示了水滴在这两种表面上的形态，直观地显示了它们的疏水性（不吸水）和亲水性（吸水） 。
\n

结果，在不吸水的塑料表面，无论空气湿度怎么变（从 10%到 90%），附着力始终稳定在 20 nN 左右，几乎不变 。这说明在这里，水汽基本没起作用，附着力主要就是范德华力。

\n
\"\"
在不吸水的塑料表面上，附着力基本不受湿度影响，说明蚊子自身的附着力主要来自范德华力 。但在吸水的硅片表面，附着力随湿度增加而显著增强，这表明空气中的水汽在表面形成水膜，产生了额外的毛细作用力，帮助蚊子粘得更牢 。
\n

而在吸水的硅片表面，当环境干燥时，附着力约为 40 nN。但当湿度增加到 60%时，附着力竟飙升到了 150 nN 以上。

\n

这很好说明了，蚊子的附着在墙上就是范德华力，但在潮湿且亲水的表面，水汽会变成一个强大的“助攻”，大大增强其附着力。

\n

在实验中，科学家为了不损坏蚊子腿和精密的仪器，只施加了一个非常微小的预加载力（Preload），仅为 50 nN 。

\n

研究论文中明确提到，一只活的蚊子为了站稳，它会用力压住腿部。这个力有多大呢？论文估算，每条腿典型的预加载力约为 4 mN（毫牛顿），也就是 4000000 nN 。

\n
\"\"
\n

什么是预加载力？

\n

预加载力可以通俗地理解为蚊子在让脚垫“粘”到表面上时，主动用肌肉向下“按”或“压”的那一下初始力量。

\n

一旦蚊子通过预加载力让自己的脚垫牢牢地附着在了墙面或天花板上，接下来的事情就变得非常“节能”了。

\n

因为产生附着力的范德华力是一种物理力，就像磁铁吸在冰箱上一样。一旦分子间的距离足够近，这种吸引力就持续存在，不需要消耗蚊子的生物能量（ATP）来维持，就进入了一种低能耗的待机模式。

\n
\"\"
\n

而方向差异不改变被动性质（对抗墙壁的滑动阻力和垂直拉扯力），也就说不管墙壁还是天花板都不费力[2]。

\n
\"\"
不止蚊子，大部分的昆虫和壁虎这些，脚上有刚毛的都是靠范德华力
\n

科学家没直接抓蚊子测，用了也用范德华力粘附的杖虫做实验，因为脚结构差不多[3]。他们让杖虫在墙壁和天花板上爬，用传感器测力气。发现虫子在两种地方的“粘力”差不多，安全系数（粘力除以体重）都在 20-100 倍。意思是，虫子超稳，不会掉，也不用多费力气。

\n

维持不需要能量，只有分离时需微量机械功。这种机制进化出来就是为了省能量。

\n
\"\"
\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", + "content": "
\"头图\"/
\n

这得先解答第一个问题：

\n

蚊子到底是怎么牢牢粘在各种表面上的？

\n
\"\"
\n

把蚊子的脚放大成千上万倍，科学家们发现上面布满了像刷子一样、超级细微的毛发，我们叫它“刚毛” [1]。

\n
\"\"
\n

于是科学家提出了一个猜想：对于我们人来说，一个表面越光滑可能感觉越“粘”，但对于拥有这身“装备”的蚊子来说，情况可能正好相反。他们认为，

\n

一个粗糙的表面，反而能让蚊子脚上的无数根小“刷毛”找到更多的接触点，像无数个微型的小钩子一样抓住表面，从而产生更大的附着力 。

\n
\"\"
左边光滑表面接触点少，附着力低；右边粗糙表面接触点多，附着力高
\n

为了验证这个猜想，科学家们设计了一个非常精妙的实验。他们找来一台能测量极微小力量的“神器”——原子力显微镜（AFM） 。但这次，他们没有用标准的探针，而是做了一个大胆的改造：他们小心翼翼地剪下一条蚊子的腿，用胶把它粘在了显微镜的探针上。

\n

这样一来，他们就可以精确地控制这条“自动化”的蚊子腿，去触碰不同的表面，并测量把它拉开需要多大的力，这个力就是附着力 。

\n
\"\"
\n

他们准备了两种主要测试品：

\n
    \n
  1. 光滑的塑料片 (HDPE)
    2. \n
  2. 被特殊处理过的、粗糙的塑料片
    3. \n
\n
\"\"
四种不同粗糙度塑料表面的显微镜照片
\n

然后，让蚊子腿一次又一次地“踩”向不同的表面。

\n

实验结果完全证实了科学家的猜想。在光滑的塑料表面上，一个样本测得的平均附着力大约是 12.0 nN（纳牛顿，一个非常小的力单位） 。

\n

然而，当同一条蚊子腿踩在粗糙的表面上时，随着表面从光滑（I）变得更粗糙（II、III），附着力也随之增加 ，平均附着力飙升到了 76.2 nN 。附着力整整增强了 6 倍多。这证明了，对于蚊子来说，粗糙的表面确实能提供更强的“抓力” 。

\n
\"\"
随着表面从光滑（I）变得更粗糙（II、III），附着力也随之增加 。
\n

科学家们又有了新的问题：这种附着力是纯粹的物理接触力（范德华力），还是空气中的水汽也像胶水一样起到了作用（毛细作用力）？

\n

范德华力是一种弱的分子间吸引力，当两个物体表面距离小于 10 nm 时，就会产生。它不需要任何化学物质或液体中介，而是源于电子云的瞬时极化。

\n

他们设计了第二个实验来回答这个问题。这次他们引入了两种性质完全不同的表面，并在一个可以控制湿度的密闭空间里进行测试 ：

\n
    \n
  1. 疏水表面：就是我们之前用的塑料(HDPE)，它不怎么吸水 。
    2. \n
  2. 亲水表面：一种被酸清洗过的硅片，非常容易吸附水汽 。
    3. \n
\n
\"\"
图(b)和(c)展示了水滴在这两种表面上的形态，直观地显示了它们的疏水性（不吸水）和亲水性（吸水） 。
\n

结果，在不吸水的塑料表面，无论空气湿度怎么变（从 10%到 90%），附着力始终稳定在 20 nN 左右，几乎不变 。这说明在这里，水汽基本没起作用，附着力主要就是范德华力。

\n
\"\"
在不吸水的塑料表面上，附着力基本不受湿度影响，说明蚊子自身的附着力主要来自范德华力 。但在吸水的硅片表面，附着力随湿度增加而显著增强，这表明空气中的水汽在表面形成水膜，产生了额外的毛细作用力，帮助蚊子粘得更牢 。
\n

而在吸水的硅片表面，当环境干燥时，附着力约为 40 nN。但当湿度增加到 60%时，附着力竟飙升到了 150 nN 以上。

\n

这很好说明了，蚊子的附着在墙上就是范德华力，但在潮湿且亲水的表面，水汽会变成一个强大的“助攻”，大大增强其附着力。

\n

在实验中，科学家为了不损坏蚊子腿和精密的仪器，只施加了一个非常微小的预加载力（Preload），仅为 50 nN 。

\n

研究论文中明确提到，一只活的蚊子为了站稳，它会用力压住腿部。这个力有多大呢？论文估算，每条腿典型的预加载力约为 4 mN（毫牛顿），也就是 4000000 nN 。

\n
\"\"
\n

什么是预加载力？

\n

预加载力可以通俗地理解为蚊子在让脚垫“粘”到表面上时，主动用肌肉向下“按”或“压”的那一下初始力量。

\n

一旦蚊子通过预加载力让自己的脚垫牢牢地附着在了墙面或天花板上，接下来的事情就变得非常“节能”了。

\n

因为产生附着力的范德华力是一种物理力，就像磁铁吸在冰箱上一样。一旦分子间的距离足够近，这种吸引力就持续存在，不需要消耗蚊子的生物能量（ATP）来维持，就进入了一种低能耗的待机模式。

\n
\"\"
\n

而方向差异不改变被动性质（对抗墙壁的滑动阻力和垂直拉扯力），也就说不管墙壁还是天花板都不费力[2]。

\n
\"\"
不止蚊子，大部分的昆虫和壁虎这些，脚上有刚毛的都是靠范德华力
\n

科学家没直接抓蚊子测，用了也用范德华力粘附的杖虫做实验，因为脚结构差不多[3]。他们让杖虫在墙壁和天花板上爬，用传感器测力气。发现虫子在两种地方的“粘力”差不多，安全系数（粘力除以体重）都在 20-100 倍。意思是，虫子超稳，不会掉，也不用多费力气。

\n

维持不需要能量，只有分离时需微量机械功。这种机制进化出来就是为了省能量。

\n
\"\"
\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783453", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Sun, 24 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "知乎", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "185ea4f7e1c1eed97c1cf7c41e61ec9b", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "地球上强震是不是比过去发生的更频繁了？如何科学应对？", - "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

地球上强震是否变多，得看统计数据。我从 USGS 上搜集了 1990 年 -2025 年全球地震数据[1]，从中统计了大于 7.0 级和大于 8.0 级的地震的数量，如下图。

\n

全球过去 36 年，7.0 级及以上地震一共 520 次，平均每年 14.4 次；8.0 级及以上地震一共 34 次，每年平均 0.94 次。

\n

从下面两张图看，每年大地震（>=7.0）的数量没有持续上升或者减小的趋势，基本都是围绕着均值上下波动。

\n
\"\"
全球 1990-2025 年每年大于 7.0 级地震统计
\n
\"\"
全球 1990-2025 年每年大于 8.0 级地震统计
\n

大家之所以感觉更频繁，我理解可能原因是一次大地震以后，主震会触发余震级联。较多的余震，加上现在媒体曝光度也在提高，让很多余震小震也都被更多的曝光出来，这样给大家造成了大地震变多的错觉。

\n

聊下余震级联，余震的发生率随时间近似遵循下面这个公式，即 Omori 定律，

\n

\"\"

\n

其中，n(t) 表示时间 t 内的余震数量，k 和 c 都是常数，这个是根据某一地区的历史地震数据拟合后得到的参数，p 是一个调节参数，典型的 p 值为 0.7-1.5。总之，随着时间的增加，余震的数量 N(t)会按照一种幂律的方式衰减，即初期余震的数量逐渐下降，随着时间的推移，衰减速度逐渐减慢。而余震也会进一步再次触发余震，形成级联过程[2]，从而会让大家感觉某段时间内地震明显更多的感受。

\n

另外，如果把历史上的不同震级的地震再做一下统计，可以发现下面这个规律。横轴是震级，纵轴是每年的地震发生次数的对数（Log N/year），蓝色是观测，红色是模型，两者几乎重合并呈一条向下的直线，即 Gutenberg–Richter 定律[3]：

\n

\"\"

\n

，这里 N 是给定时间内震级>=M 的地震次数，a 和 b 是拟合的常数。

\n
\"\"
古登堡—里希特定（Gutenberg–Richter）定律
\n

基本上震级每增加 1，频次约降 10 倍，从第一张和第二张图也能看出来。所以，这样一个大量地震的统计和拟合结果也说明，大地震具有比较好的统计规律。所以，不存在地球上强震比过去发生的更频繁。

\n

至于题目里的“科学应对”，我想既然强震没比以往多，那以前怎么过未来就还怎么过。

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", - "content": "
\"头图\"/
\n

地球上强震是否变多，得看统计数据。我从 USGS 上搜集了 1990 年 -2025 年全球地震数据[1]，从中统计了大于 7.0 级和大于 8.0 级的地震的数量，如下图。

\n

全球过去 36 年，7.0 级及以上地震一共 520 次，平均每年 14.4 次；8.0 级及以上地震一共 34 次，每年平均 0.94 次。

\n

从下面两张图看，每年大地震（>=7.0）的数量没有持续上升或者减小的趋势，基本都是围绕着均值上下波动。

\n
\"\"
全球 1990-2025 年每年大于 7.0 级地震统计
\n
\"\"
全球 1990-2025 年每年大于 8.0 级地震统计
\n

大家之所以感觉更频繁，我理解可能原因是一次大地震以后，主震会触发余震级联。较多的余震，加上现在媒体曝光度也在提高，让很多余震小震也都被更多的曝光出来，这样给大家造成了大地震变多的错觉。

\n

聊下余震级联，余震的发生率随时间近似遵循下面这个公式，即 Omori 定律，

\n

\"\"

\n

其中，n(t) 表示时间 t 内的余震数量，k 和 c 都是常数，这个是根据某一地区的历史地震数据拟合后得到的参数，p 是一个调节参数，典型的 p 值为 0.7-1.5。总之，随着时间的增加，余震的数量 N(t)会按照一种幂律的方式衰减，即初期余震的数量逐渐下降，随着时间的推移，衰减速度逐渐减慢。而余震也会进一步再次触发余震，形成级联过程[2]，从而会让大家感觉某段时间内地震明显更多的感受。

\n

另外，如果把历史上的不同震级的地震再做一下统计，可以发现下面这个规律。横轴是震级，纵轴是每年的地震发生次数的对数（Log N/year），蓝色是观测，红色是模型，两者几乎重合并呈一条向下的直线，即 Gutenberg–Richter 定律[3]：

\n

\"\"

\n

，这里 N 是给定时间内震级>=M 的地震次数，a 和 b 是拟合的常数。

\n
\"\"
古登堡—里希特定（Gutenberg–Richter）定律
\n

基本上震级每增加 1，频次约降 10 倍，从第一张和第二张图也能看出来。所以，这样一个大量地震的统计和拟合结果也说明，大地震具有比较好的统计规律。所以，不存在地球上强震比过去发生的更频繁。

\n

至于题目里的“科学应对”，我想既然强震没比以往多，那以前怎么过未来就还怎么过。

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", + "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

地球上强震是否变多，得看统计数据。我从 USGS 上搜集了 1990 年 -2025 年全球地震数据[1]，从中统计了大于 7.0 级和大于 8.0 级的地震的数量，如下图。

\n

全球过去 36 年，7.0 级及以上地震一共 520 次，平均每年 14.4 次；8.0 级及以上地震一共 34 次，每年平均 0.94 次。

\n

从下面两张图看，每年大地震（>=7.0）的数量没有持续上升或者减小的趋势，基本都是围绕着均值上下波动。

\n
\"\"
全球 1990-2025 年每年大于 7.0 级地震统计
\n
\"\"
全球 1990-2025 年每年大于 8.0 级地震统计
\n

大家之所以感觉更频繁，我理解可能原因是一次大地震以后，主震会触发余震级联。较多的余震，加上现在媒体曝光度也在提高，让很多余震小震也都被更多的曝光出来，这样给大家造成了大地震变多的错觉。

\n

聊下余震级联，余震的发生率随时间近似遵循下面这个公式，即 Omori 定律，

\n

\"\"

\n

其中，n(t) 表示时间 t 内的余震数量，k 和 c 都是常数，这个是根据某一地区的历史地震数据拟合后得到的参数，p 是一个调节参数，典型的 p 值为 0.7-1.5。总之，随着时间的增加，余震的数量 N(t)会按照一种幂律的方式衰减，即初期余震的数量逐渐下降，随着时间的推移，衰减速度逐渐减慢。而余震也会进一步再次触发余震，形成级联过程[2]，从而会让大家感觉某段时间内地震明显更多的感受。

\n

另外，如果把历史上的不同震级的地震再做一下统计，可以发现下面这个规律。横轴是震级，纵轴是每年的地震发生次数的对数（Log N/year），蓝色是观测，红色是模型，两者几乎重合并呈一条向下的直线，即 Gutenberg–Richter 定律[3]：

\n

\"\"

\n

，这里 N 是给定时间内震级>=M 的地震次数，a 和 b 是拟合的常数。

\n
\"\"
古登堡—里希特定（Gutenberg–Richter）定律
\n

基本上震级每增加 1，频次约降 10 倍，从第一张和第二张图也能看出来。所以，这样一个大量地震的统计和拟合结果也说明，大地震具有比较好的统计规律。所以，不存在地球上强震比过去发生的更频繁。

\n

至于题目里的“科学应对”，我想既然强震没比以往多，那以前怎么过未来就还怎么过。

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n
获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", + "content": "
\"头图\"/
\n

地球上强震是否变多，得看统计数据。我从 USGS 上搜集了 1990 年 -2025 年全球地震数据[1]，从中统计了大于 7.0 级和大于 8.0 级的地震的数量，如下图。

\n

全球过去 36 年，7.0 级及以上地震一共 520 次，平均每年 14.4 次；8.0 级及以上地震一共 34 次，每年平均 0.94 次。

\n

从下面两张图看，每年大地震（>=7.0）的数量没有持续上升或者减小的趋势，基本都是围绕着均值上下波动。

\n
\"\"
全球 1990-2025 年每年大于 7.0 级地震统计
\n
\"\"
全球 1990-2025 年每年大于 8.0 级地震统计
\n

大家之所以感觉更频繁，我理解可能原因是一次大地震以后，主震会触发余震级联。较多的余震，加上现在媒体曝光度也在提高，让很多余震小震也都被更多的曝光出来，这样给大家造成了大地震变多的错觉。

\n

聊下余震级联，余震的发生率随时间近似遵循下面这个公式，即 Omori 定律，

\n

\"\"

\n

其中，n(t) 表示时间 t 内的余震数量，k 和 c 都是常数，这个是根据某一地区的历史地震数据拟合后得到的参数，p 是一个调节参数，典型的 p 值为 0.7-1.5。总之，随着时间的增加，余震的数量 N(t)会按照一种幂律的方式衰减，即初期余震的数量逐渐下降，随着时间的推移，衰减速度逐渐减慢。而余震也会进一步再次触发余震，形成级联过程[2]，从而会让大家感觉某段时间内地震明显更多的感受。

\n

另外，如果把历史上的不同震级的地震再做一下统计，可以发现下面这个规律。横轴是震级，纵轴是每年的地震发生次数的对数（Log N/year），蓝色是观测，红色是模型，两者几乎重合并呈一条向下的直线，即 Gutenberg–Richter 定律[3]：

\n

\"\"

\n

，这里 N 是给定时间内震级>=M 的地震次数，a 和 b 是拟合的常数。

\n
\"\"
古登堡—里希特定（Gutenberg–Richter）定律
\n

基本上震级每增加 1，频次约降 10 倍，从第一张和第二张图也能看出来。所以，这样一个大量地震的统计和拟合结果也说明，大地震具有比较好的统计规律。所以，不存在地球上强震比过去发生的更频繁。

\n

至于题目里的“科学应对”，我想既然强震没比以往多，那以前怎么过未来就还怎么过。

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n
获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", "category": "", "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783456", "creator": "", @@ -7384,6 +6548,28 @@ "hash": "b9961f13bed9611edbd177173a221f4f", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "有哪些地理上的事实，没有一定地理知识的人不会相信？", + "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

南美洲有个国家叫玻利维亚：

\n
\"\"
\n

玻利维亚的行政区划图是这样的：

\n
\"\"
\n

从地图可以看到，首都拉巴斯所在的拉巴斯省和东北角的贝尼省是接壤的，如果要从拉巴斯去贝尼省，直线距离非常近：

\n
\"\"
\n

但是在 19 世纪末的时候，玻利维亚中央政府如果要任命官员去相邻的贝尼省赴任，是不能按照箭头这样直接走的，因为两省之间有安第斯山脉阻隔，安第斯山脉平均海拔 3600 米，从哥伦比亚一直延绵到南美洲最南端的火地岛，将近 2 万里。而当时的也没有可以开凿山脉的修路技术，因此官员是不可能翻山越岭或沿着公路直接到达目的地的。

\n

那么该如何上任呢？

\n

首先，官员需要在首都拉巴斯坐火车去隔壁的智利，再从智利坐船出海到达中美洲的巴拿马，随后从巴拿马坐上船前往英国伦敦；到达伦敦后，再坐上前往巴西马卡帕市的航线。马卡帕市位于亚马孙河入海口，官员再从马卡帕市坐船沿着亚马孙河逆流而上，最终达到本国的贝尼省。

\n
\"\"
\n

如此一番折腾下来，历经 5 个国家，出海 3 次，横渡大西洋 2 次，在亚马孙河中与食人鱼搏斗 1 次，方能够平安上任。

\n

由于贝尼省地形与巴西高原联为一体，历史上巴西就对这块地方图谋已久。直到现在，贝尼省由于地理阻隔，与首都拉巴斯的经济、文化联系依然很弱，仍然是玻利维亚独立意识相当浓厚的省份。

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", + "content": "
\"头图\"/
\n

南美洲有个国家叫玻利维亚：

\n
\"\"
\n

玻利维亚的行政区划图是这样的：

\n
\"\"
\n

从地图可以看到，首都拉巴斯所在的拉巴斯省和东北角的贝尼省是接壤的，如果要从拉巴斯去贝尼省，直线距离非常近：

\n
\"\"
\n

但是在 19 世纪末的时候，玻利维亚中央政府如果要任命官员去相邻的贝尼省赴任，是不能按照箭头这样直接走的，因为两省之间有安第斯山脉阻隔，安第斯山脉平均海拔 3600 米，从哥伦比亚一直延绵到南美洲最南端的火地岛，将近 2 万里。而当时的也没有可以开凿山脉的修路技术，因此官员是不可能翻山越岭或沿着公路直接到达目的地的。

\n

那么该如何上任呢？

\n

首先，官员需要在首都拉巴斯坐火车去隔壁的智利，再从智利坐船出海到达中美洲的巴拿马，随后从巴拿马坐上船前往英国伦敦；到达伦敦后，再坐上前往巴西马卡帕市的航线。马卡帕市位于亚马孙河入海口，官员再从马卡帕市坐船沿着亚马孙河逆流而上，最终达到本国的贝尼省。

\n
\"\"
\n

如此一番折腾下来，历经 5 个国家，出海 3 次，横渡大西洋 2 次，在亚马孙河中与食人鱼搏斗 1 次，方能够平安上任。

\n

由于贝尼省地形与巴西高原联为一体，历史上巴西就对这块地方图谋已久。直到现在，贝尼省由于地理阻隔，与首都拉巴斯的经济、文化联系依然很弱，仍然是玻利维亚独立意识相当浓厚的省份。

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783464", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Sun, 24 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "知乎", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "22097ce6a707073433b7c42a6e4de968", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "母鸡孵蛋的时候不会感到无聊吗？", "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

母鸡孵蛋可不是趴到蛋上 21 天就行了。在母鸡进入孵蛋模式前，其体内就已经发生了很大的变化，这种变化是由脑垂体分泌的催乳素引起的。

\n

当母鸡进入孵化模式以后，母鸡的基础代谢率会下降，体温会下降 1~2℃，对外界的“应激度”也会降低。

\n

因此，孵化期的母鸡会对周围产生的任何干扰者不再应激，只要达不到威胁母鸡生命的程度，母鸡不会轻易放弃孵蛋，即使离开也会尽快返巢继续孵蛋，也就是老百姓常说的“落稳窝”。

\n

母鸡在孵蛋过程中，需要做的事包括：

\n

一、翻蛋。

\n

翻蛋包含两个方面的内容：

\n

1.把鸡蛋旋转 90°~180°，也就是把蛋“翻个面”，一来可以让蛋整体受热均匀，二来能够改变胚胎位置，防止发育中的胚胎与蛋壳内膜“粘连”。

\n

2.调整巢中鸡蛋的位置，如将外围鸡蛋调到巢中央，或把巢中央的鸡蛋调到外围。因为巢中央的温度比外围高，此举也是为了保证所有鸡蛋受热均匀，避免外围鸡蛋长期低温，影响胚胎发育。

\n

这两项工作经常是同时进行的，翻蛋时，母鸡会用喙轻轻地勾住鸡蛋，然后配合翅膀，把鸡蛋调整一个角度，完成翻蛋。母鸡通常每 2 小时就翻一次蛋，勤快的母鸡甚至 1 个小时就会翻一次蛋。

\n
\"\"
农村母鸡的自然巢穴。尤其是春天，当鸡蛋长期没有被捡走，聚集较多，就很容易“激发”农村土鸡的孵化本能
\n
\"\"
一只正在孵蛋的母鸡
\n

二、维持巢温。

\n

母鸡在孵蛋时，会随时注意窝里的温度，如温度过低，母鸡会将鸡蛋搂得紧凑一些；反之，若温度过高，母鸡会将鸡蛋搂得松散一些。

\n

另外，孵化过程也是个不断变化的过程，在孵化的不同阶段、不同的天气、气温条件下，母鸡也会采取相应的策略。

\n

如在孵化前期，需要的孵化温度高，母鸡翻蛋的频率也高；而在孵化后期，由于蛋中胚胎已经成型，也具有一定的主动产热能力，母鸡会适当降低孵化温度，甚至每天可以离开鸡窝半小时，让鸡蛋自然冷却一段时间，称为“晾蛋”，帮助胚胎散发热量，这也是提高孵化率的关键。

\n
\"\"
小鸡已经出壳（2023 年 3 月，摄于我岳母家的核桃园）
\n
\"\"
第二天，还是那只母鸡，已经在带着小鸡仔外出觅食了，正好本人在收拾蜂箱，割了一大块雄蜂蛹给这些小鸡吃
\n

三、觅食。

\n

“身体是革命的本钱”，虽然大部分时间都在孵化，但它们仍需要进食和饮水以维持体力。通常来说，母鸡在孵化期间，每天会花大约 20 分钟时间吃喝，同时完成排泄。

\n

当然，鸡蛋的孵化期长达 21 天，母鸡在孵化前期可以利用自身的脂肪储备，但在孵化后期，母鸡也会充分利用“晾蛋”的机会，顺便出去快速觅食。鸡主人也会将食物和水尽量放在离孵蛋母鸡近的地方，方便母鸡取食，减少母鸡外出觅食的时间。

\n

因此，且不说母鸡会不会产生人类“感到无聊”这样的情感，在整个孵化器，母鸡每天甚至每个小时都有事情要做，还要时刻保持同一个动作，实际上是很辛苦的。

\n

只是，由于母鸡自然孵蛋效率太低（每次仅能孵蛋约 15 枚），且母鸡在孵蛋和育雏期间会停止产蛋，对农户来说也是一种损失。因此，即便是农村，使用母鸡自然孵蛋也已经变得越来越少了。

\n
\"\"
2023 年 4 月，本人利用孵化期孵化家禽蛋，鸡蛋已经出壳，7 个大蛋是鹅蛋，由于鹅蛋孵化期为 31 天，此时还需要再孵 10 天。
\n
\"\"
10 天后，孵出的 7 只小鹅
\n

延伸阅读：

\n

为什么家养的鸡会孵蛋而家养的鸭子不孵蛋？

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", @@ -7406,10 +6592,32 @@ "hash": "86366507ef5efa0e259251dacdd1e58d", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "为什么地球上能够找找宇宙中几乎所有稳定元素，且这些元素均能够在地表易于开采的地方，这是巧合吗？", + "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

不是巧合。

\n

不光地球这样，宇宙中绝大多数与地球类似的岩石星球都这样。

\n

原因要从元素的演化开始讲起。

\n

金属元素的起源

\n

在宇宙形成之初，只有氢，氦以及非常少量的锂。其他所有元素，都是来自于恒星的演化过程。

\n

与我们熟知的概念不同，天文上管氢和氦以外的元素都叫金属元素。后文提到“金属元素”，都以这个定义为准。

\n

我们都知道，恒星是个巨大的等离子气体球，内部在不停的进行核聚变反应，将轻元素聚变成重元素。聚变产生的向外的辐射压与恒星本身向内的引力维持平衡，恒星就可以稳定存在。

\n
\"\"
恒星燃烧氢的两种方式，质子 - 质子链反应（小质量恒星）和碳氮氧循环（中等质量，大质量恒星）
\n

新生的恒星几乎全部由氢元素构成，它们会在年轻时将氢聚变成氦，到了晚年，内核温度升高，则会进一步将氦聚变，这样一点点生成了后面的金属元素。

\n

由于核反应有一定的路线，在路线上的元素，比如碳，氧，氖，镁等，丰度就会高于其他元素。

\n

小质量恒星由于内核温度不足，一般只能将核反应进行到碳，氧的程度。不过，在它们的星生晚年，内部会通过慢中子俘获（s- 过程）产生一些比铁重的元素。

\n

大质量恒星内部的核聚变则可以一直进行下去，直到铁和镍（镍是镍的同位素镍 56，性质不稳定，会很快衰变成铁）。

\n

同样的，在核反应路线上的元素，丰度要高于其他元素。

\n
\"\"
大质量恒星连续聚变的过程
\n

铁是非常稳定的元素，无论聚变还是裂变都只会吸收热量。恒星无法通过聚变铁产生热量，就再也无法支撑自身，从而产生超新星爆发，走向生命终点。（当然，大质量恒星的生命终结有很多原因和方式，由铁核引起的只是其中一种）。在这个过程中，恒星会通过快中子俘获（r- 过程）产生大量铁之后的元素。

\n

此外，中子星合并等宇宙高能现象，也能产生大量的比铁重的元素。

\n

宇宙中的金属元素，几乎都是这么来的。

\n

想详细了解元素的形成过程，可以看下面这个回答：

\n

宇宙形成之初，元素种类极为有限，铁之后的重元素都是由哪些途径产生的？

\n

最终，经过恒星 100 多亿年孜孜不倦的转化，宇宙中元素的丰度如下图所示：

\n
\"\"
\n

其中，纵坐标是对数坐标。可以看到，在铁之前的元素中，核反应路线上的元素（碳，氧，氖，镁，硅等），丰度要比非核反应路线上的元素高出两三个数量级（也就是百倍到千倍）。

\n

先辈的礼物

\n

我们的母恒星太阳是颗小质量恒星，目前尚在星生中年，正在稳定的将氢聚变成氦。

\n

那么，太阳系中的其他元素是怎么来的呢？

\n

这些其实都是来自于先辈的馈赠。

\n

几乎所有的恒星都来自于星云的凝聚。而当恒星死亡后，绝大多数物质会通过喷发的形式回归星云。许多年岁后，这里又会形成新的恒星。这些新恒星们，自然就包括了上一代恒星产生的各种各样的元素了。

\n
\"\"
恒星的演化过程
\n

我们的太阳也是在这样的星云中凝聚的。作为一颗比较年轻的第三代恒星，它的母星云中金属元素的丰度很高。因此，太阳本身的金属丰度也不低。

\n

包括地球在内，太阳系的其他天体都是太阳凝聚后剩下的边角料形成的。因此，地球上能找到各种各样的元素就不足为奇了。

\n

宇宙已经 138 亿岁了，最初形成的第一代恒星（只包括氢和氦，又叫无金属星）早已湮没在岁月的长河之中。之后形成的第二代恒星（包含少量的金属元素，又叫贫金属星）数量稀少，都已经是垂垂老矣的老星星了。像太阳这样的第三代恒星（包含大量金属元素，又叫富金属星）正是宇宙中的新生力量。

\n

因此，宇宙中像地球这样富含各种元素的天体才是大多数。

\n

具体到每颗星球上，由于凝聚前的星云本身元素含量有差异，加上形成过程中各种意外事件（比如小行星撞击，宇宙射线辐射等）会改变元素的丰度。各个星球上的元素丰度差别是很大的。

\n

在地球上，地壳中的元素丰度如下图所示：

\n
\"\"
\n

需要注意的是，这是地壳的元素丰度，而非地球整体的元素丰度。

\n

对比上面宇宙中的元素丰度图可知，一部分元素的丰度比例是接近的，但有些元素有很大的不同。比如由于气体的逃逸现象，氢和氦含量非常低。而由于地壳主要由岩石构成，组成岩石的元素（图中绿色的部分）丰度非常高。

\n

详细看这张图的话，可以发现有一些元素是缺失的。比如不稳定的元素锝（Tc）和钷（Pm），只能在持续的核合成过程中产生，因此无法在地球上稳定存在。六种惰性气体氦（He）、氖（Ne）、氩（Ar）、氪（Kr）、氙（Xe）、氡（Rn）则由于多种原因（气体容易逃逸，很难形成化合物等等）几乎不存在于地壳之中。

\n

元素的开采和利用

\n

这部分我了解的不多，就简单介绍一下。

\n

题主的问题提到了“且这些元素均能够在地表易于开采的地方”。其实这是一种错觉。

\n

地球虽然是个岩石星球，但同样来自于星云的凝聚。在形成之初，越重的元素，越会向中心沉积，因此，大部分比较重的元素都沉积在地核地幔之中了。

\n
\"\"
\n

比如，地球其实“含金量”不低，但 99%的金元素在地球形成时就沉积到地幔和地核之中了。目前，地表可开采的金只有 13 万吨左右，它们几乎都是地球形成之初小行星撞击带来的星际礼物。

\n

其他许多比较重的元素也是如此。它们在地核中的含量远超地表，只有很少一部分通过早期的火山喷发等地质活动，才得以来到地表。

\n

在地壳之中，绝大多数元素都是以化合物的形式存在，它们以矿物的形式富集，得以被人类开采和利用。但以人类目前的开采技术，能够大规模利用的元素相当有限。

\n

许多含量极低的元素，比如钌、铑、钯、锇、铱、铂等，只能作为贵金属，成为装饰品或在金融领域流通，很少用于工业生产当中。而一些稀土元素，由于开采困难，在全世界也只有屈指可数的供应源。

\n
\n

综上所述，地球只是个很普通的星球，其上的各种元素，在宇宙中也遍地都有。而人类其实只利用了其中很小很小的部分。

\n

当然，换个角度来说，这也意味着人类发展的空间还很大很大。

\n

想了解更多关于宇宙和星星的小故事，欢迎订阅我的专栏。会一直更新的~

\n

星星小传：

\n

满天星斗呼唤我

\n

天文知识小科普：

\n

且放远目观玄黄

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", + "content": "
\"头图\"/
\n

不是巧合。

\n

不光地球这样，宇宙中绝大多数与地球类似的岩石星球都这样。

\n

原因要从元素的演化开始讲起。

\n

金属元素的起源

\n

在宇宙形成之初，只有氢，氦以及非常少量的锂。其他所有元素，都是来自于恒星的演化过程。

\n

与我们熟知的概念不同，天文上管氢和氦以外的元素都叫金属元素。后文提到“金属元素”，都以这个定义为准。

\n

我们都知道，恒星是个巨大的等离子气体球，内部在不停的进行核聚变反应，将轻元素聚变成重元素。聚变产生的向外的辐射压与恒星本身向内的引力维持平衡，恒星就可以稳定存在。

\n
\"\"
恒星燃烧氢的两种方式，质子 - 质子链反应（小质量恒星）和碳氮氧循环（中等质量，大质量恒星）
\n

新生的恒星几乎全部由氢元素构成，它们会在年轻时将氢聚变成氦，到了晚年，内核温度升高，则会进一步将氦聚变，这样一点点生成了后面的金属元素。

\n

由于核反应有一定的路线，在路线上的元素，比如碳，氧，氖，镁等，丰度就会高于其他元素。

\n

小质量恒星由于内核温度不足，一般只能将核反应进行到碳，氧的程度。不过，在它们的星生晚年，内部会通过慢中子俘获（s- 过程）产生一些比铁重的元素。

\n

大质量恒星内部的核聚变则可以一直进行下去，直到铁和镍（镍是镍的同位素镍 56，性质不稳定，会很快衰变成铁）。

\n

同样的，在核反应路线上的元素，丰度要高于其他元素。

\n
\"\"
大质量恒星连续聚变的过程
\n

铁是非常稳定的元素，无论聚变还是裂变都只会吸收热量。恒星无法通过聚变铁产生热量，就再也无法支撑自身，从而产生超新星爆发，走向生命终点。（当然，大质量恒星的生命终结有很多原因和方式，由铁核引起的只是其中一种）。在这个过程中，恒星会通过快中子俘获（r- 过程）产生大量铁之后的元素。

\n

此外，中子星合并等宇宙高能现象，也能产生大量的比铁重的元素。

\n

宇宙中的金属元素，几乎都是这么来的。

\n

想详细了解元素的形成过程，可以看下面这个回答：

\n

宇宙形成之初，元素种类极为有限，铁之后的重元素都是由哪些途径产生的？

\n

最终，经过恒星 100 多亿年孜孜不倦的转化，宇宙中元素的丰度如下图所示：

\n
\"\"
\n

其中，纵坐标是对数坐标。可以看到，在铁之前的元素中，核反应路线上的元素（碳，氧，氖，镁，硅等），丰度要比非核反应路线上的元素高出两三个数量级（也就是百倍到千倍）。

\n

先辈的礼物

\n

我们的母恒星太阳是颗小质量恒星，目前尚在星生中年，正在稳定的将氢聚变成氦。

\n

那么，太阳系中的其他元素是怎么来的呢？

\n

这些其实都是来自于先辈的馈赠。

\n

几乎所有的恒星都来自于星云的凝聚。而当恒星死亡后，绝大多数物质会通过喷发的形式回归星云。许多年岁后，这里又会形成新的恒星。这些新恒星们，自然就包括了上一代恒星产生的各种各样的元素了。

\n
\"\"
恒星的演化过程
\n

我们的太阳也是在这样的星云中凝聚的。作为一颗比较年轻的第三代恒星，它的母星云中金属元素的丰度很高。因此，太阳本身的金属丰度也不低。

\n

包括地球在内，太阳系的其他天体都是太阳凝聚后剩下的边角料形成的。因此，地球上能找到各种各样的元素就不足为奇了。

\n

宇宙已经 138 亿岁了，最初形成的第一代恒星（只包括氢和氦，又叫无金属星）早已湮没在岁月的长河之中。之后形成的第二代恒星（包含少量的金属元素，又叫贫金属星）数量稀少，都已经是垂垂老矣的老星星了。像太阳这样的第三代恒星（包含大量金属元素，又叫富金属星）正是宇宙中的新生力量。

\n

因此，宇宙中像地球这样富含各种元素的天体才是大多数。

\n

具体到每颗星球上，由于凝聚前的星云本身元素含量有差异，加上形成过程中各种意外事件（比如小行星撞击，宇宙射线辐射等）会改变元素的丰度。各个星球上的元素丰度差别是很大的。

\n

在地球上，地壳中的元素丰度如下图所示：

\n
\"\"
\n

需要注意的是，这是地壳的元素丰度，而非地球整体的元素丰度。

\n

对比上面宇宙中的元素丰度图可知，一部分元素的丰度比例是接近的，但有些元素有很大的不同。比如由于气体的逃逸现象，氢和氦含量非常低。而由于地壳主要由岩石构成，组成岩石的元素（图中绿色的部分）丰度非常高。

\n

详细看这张图的话，可以发现有一些元素是缺失的。比如不稳定的元素锝（Tc）和钷（Pm），只能在持续的核合成过程中产生，因此无法在地球上稳定存在。六种惰性气体氦（He）、氖（Ne）、氩（Ar）、氪（Kr）、氙（Xe）、氡（Rn）则由于多种原因（气体容易逃逸，很难形成化合物等等）几乎不存在于地壳之中。

\n

元素的开采和利用

\n

这部分我了解的不多，就简单介绍一下。

\n

题主的问题提到了“且这些元素均能够在地表易于开采的地方”。其实这是一种错觉。

\n

地球虽然是个岩石星球，但同样来自于星云的凝聚。在形成之初，越重的元素，越会向中心沉积，因此，大部分比较重的元素都沉积在地核地幔之中了。

\n
\"\"
\n

比如，地球其实“含金量”不低，但 99%的金元素在地球形成时就沉积到地幔和地核之中了。目前，地表可开采的金只有 13 万吨左右，它们几乎都是地球形成之初小行星撞击带来的星际礼物。

\n

其他许多比较重的元素也是如此。它们在地核中的含量远超地表，只有很少一部分通过早期的火山喷发等地质活动，才得以来到地表。

\n

在地壳之中，绝大多数元素都是以化合物的形式存在，它们以矿物的形式富集，得以被人类开采和利用。但以人类目前的开采技术，能够大规模利用的元素相当有限。

\n

许多含量极低的元素，比如钌、铑、钯、锇、铱、铂等，只能作为贵金属，成为装饰品或在金融领域流通，很少用于工业生产当中。而一些稀土元素，由于开采困难，在全世界也只有屈指可数的供应源。

\n
\n

综上所述，地球只是个很普通的星球，其上的各种元素，在宇宙中也遍地都有。而人类其实只利用了其中很小很小的部分。

\n

当然，换个角度来说，这也意味着人类发展的空间还很大很大。

\n

想了解更多关于宇宙和星星的小故事，欢迎订阅我的专栏。会一直更新的~

\n

星星小传：

\n

满天星斗呼唤我

\n

天文知识小科普：

\n

且放远目观玄黄

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783425", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "知乎", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "b9f8070a0f2fb00a36823093f6d2aced", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "为啥蜻蜓在雨天也能在外面捕猎呢？", - "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

“蜻蜓在雨天也能在外面捕猎”这个说法，本身对，但也不全对。

\n
\n

你以为的蜻蜓雨天捕猎是这样的：

\n
\"\"
应该是 AI 图
\n

但实际上，蜻蜓并没那么头铁。

\n

你让它去“依萍找她爸要钱那天”那么大的暴雨里飞，那不叫捕猎，那叫挨创。

\n
\"\"
我再也不找我爸要钱了！
\n

一个雨点对蜻蜓来说，动能可能是它体重的几十倍甚至上百倍。

\n

蜻蜓约 1g 重，雨点冲击动能约 2.03mJ。

\n

大致相当于一个约 25 斤的重物从 1 米高处，砸在一个 120 斤重的人头上。

\n

这玩意儿砸蜻蜓身上跟咱被西瓜开瓢没啥区别。

\n
\"\"
\n

所以，我们通常说的“蜻蜓雨天捕猎”，指的是两种情况：

\n
    \n
  1. 毛毛细雨 / 濛濛细雨：雨点小，密度低，对飞行影响没那么致命。
    2. \n
  2. 暴雨前或雨后初歇：气压变化，天气闷热，大量小飞虫（比如蚊子、蠓啥的）被逼到低空活动，移动的蛋白质大礼包。
    3. \n
\n

在这种下，蜻蜓不仅能飞，而且捕猎效率奇高。

\n

为啥？因为平时跟它抢饭吃的友商，早就被这点风雨干趴窝了。

\n

这时候的天空，对于蜻蜓来说，算是“局部空域净化”，整个空域都是它的，视野里能动的，除了雨点，基本都是外卖。

\n

接下来，再絮叨絮叨，为什么蜻蜓雨天捕猎能这么牛逼。

\n

这事儿得分成几个层面说，分别是：硬件配置、飞控系统、雷达系统和作战策略。

\n
\n

一、硬件配置：疏水涂层

\n

你下雨天出门，是不是得打伞穿雨衣？

\n

不然淋成落汤鸡，又冷又重。

\n

蜻蜓其实也怕，但人家出厂自带顶级装备。

\n

它的身体表面，尤其是翅膀，覆盖着一层由几丁质和蜡质组成的角质层。

\n

这玩意儿在微观层面下，不是光滑的，而是布满了纳米级别的微小凸起和沟壑。

\n
\"\"
图源：日立科学仪器
\n

这结构有啥用？

\n

超——级——疏——水！

\n

物理学上管这个叫“荷叶效应”。

\n

水滴落在这上面，由于表面张力的作用，根本无法铺展开，只能形成一个圆滚滚的水珠。

\n

稍微一倾斜，或者一阵微风，水珠就“呲溜”一下滚下去了，顺便还把翅幕上的灰尘给带走了，自带清洁功能。

\n
\"\"
\n

打个比方，这就好比你给你的车刚打完最贵的蜡，或者穿了一件顶级的冲锋衣。

\n

水泼上去，根本不沾。

\n
\"\"
\n

所以，雨点落在蜻蜓翅膀上，根本不会“浸润”打湿翅膀，增加重量，影响气动外形。

\n

小的雨滴直接被弹开，大一点的雨滴就算砸中了，也只是短暂地附着一下，蜻蜓翅膀一振，或者稍微改变下姿态，水珠就滚下去了。

\n

这身疏水材料，是它敢在雨里浪的第一层底气。

\n

不然飞着飞着，翅膀越来越重，跟飞机机翼结冰一样，直接失速坠机了。

\n
\n

二、飞控系统

\n

好了，解决了“湿身”的问题，下一个问题更要命：冲击力。

\n

就像前面说的，一个雨点对蜻蜓来说就是一发西瓜。

\n

哪怕是无人机，在空中被一个跟自己差不多重的玩意儿高速砸一下，飞控系统反应不过来，姿态一乱，基本就没了。

\n
\"\"
很多无人机都这么炸的
\n

但蜻蜓的飞控，很牛逼的。

\n

为啥这么说？

\n

1. 四翅独立驱动，异步扑动：

\n

蜻蜓牛逼就牛逼在它有两对翅膀，而且这两对翅膀不是同步扇动的。

\n

它的前翅和后翅可以由不同的肌肉控制，以不同的频率、不同的振幅、不同的相位角进行扑动。

\n
\"\"
\n

这种异步扑动带来了什么好处？无与伦比的稳定性和机动性。

\n
    \n
  • 它可以像直升机一样悬停。
    • \n
  • 它可以瞬间加速到很高的速度。
    • \n
  • 它可以倒着飞。
    • \n
  • 它可以近乎 90 度直角转弯。
    • \n
\n

这种飞行能力，在昆虫界就是神。

\n

现在回到下雨的问题。

\n

当一片翅膀，比如左前翅，突然被一个雨点砸中，导致飞行姿态瞬间失衡。

\n

蜻蜓的神经系统会在毫秒级的时间内做出反应，立刻调整其他三片翅膀的扑动方式——比如，右后翅加大力度，左后翅和右前翅改变角度——瞬间就把这个不平衡给抵消掉了。

\n

这就是展示容错。

\n

2. 柔性翅膀的被动减震：

\n

蜻蜓的翅膀也不是一块钢板，它是有弹性的。翅脉构成了框架，中间是柔性的翅膜。

\n

当雨点砸上来的时候，这个冲击力会被翅膀的弹性结构部分吸收和缓冲掉，而不是硬生生地传递给整个身体。

\n
\"\"
液滴撞击柔性基底
\n

这就好比你开车，有悬挂减震和没有悬挂减震的区别。

\n

蜻蜓的翅膀，自带“被动悬挂系统”。

\n

所以，靠着主动飞控 + 被动减震，蜻蜓才能在炮火连天的雨天里，保持优雅的飞行姿态。

\n
\n

三、雷达系统：300 帧的复眼

\n

硬件和飞控都顶级了，那索敌和火控系统呢？

\n

蜻蜓同样是顶配。

\n

说的就是它那对占了脑袋大部分面积的大复眼。

\n
\"\"
密恐慎入
\n

在昆虫里面也是很能打的。

\n

1. 超广角视野：

\n

蜻蜓的复眼，每个都由成千上万个小眼组成，拼接在一起，给了它接近360°无死角的视野。

\n

除了自己后脑勺正后方一小块，其他方向都在它的监控之下。

\n
\"\"
\n

在雨天，威胁和猎物可能来自任何方向，这种全景视野至关重要。

\n

2. 极高的“刷新率”：

\n

这才是最变态的地方。我们人类眼睛的“刷新率”，学名叫“闪烁融合频率”，大概是每秒 60 次（60Hz）。

\n

所以我们看刷新率超过 60Hz 的电影和屏幕，就觉得是流畅的画面了。

\n

（24 帧是刚刚觉得不卡，必须上 60 帧）

\n

你猜蜻蜓的复眼刷新率是多少？高达 200Hz！

\n

这是什么概念？

\n

它眼里的世界，是超级慢动作。

\n

你抬头看下雨，看到的是一片连绵不绝的“雨幕”。

\n

蜻蜓抬头看下雨，看到的是一个个独立的、可以清晰辨认的、以慢动作下落的“水球”。

\n

在它眼里，雨点飞得再快，也跟《黑客帝国》里尼奥躲子弹一样，轨迹清清楚楚。

\n
\"\"
\n

而那个在雨滴缝隙里艰难扑腾的小蚊子，简直就跟静止靶一样，被看得一清二楚。

\n

所以，它能在复杂的雨幕中，精准地计算出自己和猎物的飞行轨迹，以及所有雨滴的轨迹，然后规划出一条完美的拦截路线，一击毙命。

\n
\n

四、躲雨不香吗

\n

最后，我们再讨论一个问题：

\n

蜻蜓为啥非要在雨天出来干活？在家躺着不香吗？

\n

香，但没饭吃。

\n

蜻蜓是纯粹的肉食主义者，而且新陈代谢极快，一天不吃就饿得慌。

\n

哪怕是在幼年水虿时期，也是相当很能吃的，一只水虿一天可以吃掉几十甚至上百只蚊子的幼虫。

\n
\"\"
水虿捕食孑孓
\n

它的一生，不是在捕猎，就是在去捕猎的路上。

\n

对蜻蜓来说是毛毛雨，对蚊子、蠓虫这些体型更小的昆虫来说，那就是“中雨”甚至“大雨”了。

\n

它们的翅膀更容易被打湿，飞行变得笨拙、缓慢，而且为了躲避雨点，它们会飞得很低，活动范围也变小了。

\n

平时活蹦乱跳、满天乱窜的猎物，现在变成了行动迟缓、扎堆出现的高蛋白自助餐。

\n

你说，这种机会，作为天空中的顶级掠食者，它能放过吗？

\n

不能够啊！

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", - "content": "
\"头图\"/
\n

“蜻蜓在雨天也能在外面捕猎”这个说法，本身对，但也不全对。

\n
\n

你以为的蜻蜓雨天捕猎是这样的：

\n
\"\"
应该是 AI 图
\n

但实际上，蜻蜓并没那么头铁。

\n

你让它去“依萍找她爸要钱那天”那么大的暴雨里飞，那不叫捕猎，那叫挨创。

\n
\"\"
我再也不找我爸要钱了！
\n

一个雨点对蜻蜓来说，动能可能是它体重的几十倍甚至上百倍。

\n

蜻蜓约 1g 重，雨点冲击动能约 2.03mJ。

\n

大致相当于一个约 25 斤的重物从 1 米高处，砸在一个 120 斤重的人头上。

\n

这玩意儿砸蜻蜓身上跟咱被西瓜开瓢没啥区别。

\n
\"\"
\n

所以，我们通常说的“蜻蜓雨天捕猎”，指的是两种情况：

\n
    \n
  1. 毛毛细雨 / 濛濛细雨：雨点小，密度低，对飞行影响没那么致命。
    2. \n
  2. 暴雨前或雨后初歇：气压变化，天气闷热，大量小飞虫（比如蚊子、蠓啥的）被逼到低空活动，移动的蛋白质大礼包。
    3. \n
\n

在这种下，蜻蜓不仅能飞，而且捕猎效率奇高。

\n

为啥？因为平时跟它抢饭吃的友商，早就被这点风雨干趴窝了。

\n

这时候的天空，对于蜻蜓来说，算是“局部空域净化”，整个空域都是它的，视野里能动的，除了雨点，基本都是外卖。

\n

接下来，再絮叨絮叨，为什么蜻蜓雨天捕猎能这么牛逼。

\n

这事儿得分成几个层面说，分别是：硬件配置、飞控系统、雷达系统和作战策略。

\n
\n

一、硬件配置：疏水涂层

\n

你下雨天出门，是不是得打伞穿雨衣？

\n

不然淋成落汤鸡，又冷又重。

\n

蜻蜓其实也怕，但人家出厂自带顶级装备。

\n

它的身体表面，尤其是翅膀，覆盖着一层由几丁质和蜡质组成的角质层。

\n

这玩意儿在微观层面下，不是光滑的，而是布满了纳米级别的微小凸起和沟壑。

\n
\"\"
图源：日立科学仪器
\n

这结构有啥用？

\n

超——级——疏——水！

\n

物理学上管这个叫“荷叶效应”。

\n

水滴落在这上面，由于表面张力的作用，根本无法铺展开，只能形成一个圆滚滚的水珠。

\n

稍微一倾斜，或者一阵微风，水珠就“呲溜”一下滚下去了，顺便还把翅幕上的灰尘给带走了，自带清洁功能。

\n
\"\"
\n

打个比方，这就好比你给你的车刚打完最贵的蜡，或者穿了一件顶级的冲锋衣。

\n

水泼上去，根本不沾。

\n
\"\"
\n

所以，雨点落在蜻蜓翅膀上，根本不会“浸润”打湿翅膀，增加重量，影响气动外形。

\n

小的雨滴直接被弹开，大一点的雨滴就算砸中了，也只是短暂地附着一下，蜻蜓翅膀一振，或者稍微改变下姿态，水珠就滚下去了。

\n

这身疏水材料，是它敢在雨里浪的第一层底气。

\n

不然飞着飞着，翅膀越来越重，跟飞机机翼结冰一样，直接失速坠机了。

\n
\n

二、飞控系统

\n

好了，解决了“湿身”的问题，下一个问题更要命：冲击力。

\n

就像前面说的，一个雨点对蜻蜓来说就是一发西瓜。

\n

哪怕是无人机，在空中被一个跟自己差不多重的玩意儿高速砸一下，飞控系统反应不过来，姿态一乱，基本就没了。

\n
\"\"
很多无人机都这么炸的
\n

但蜻蜓的飞控，很牛逼的。

\n

为啥这么说？

\n

1. 四翅独立驱动，异步扑动：

\n

蜻蜓牛逼就牛逼在它有两对翅膀，而且这两对翅膀不是同步扇动的。

\n

它的前翅和后翅可以由不同的肌肉控制，以不同的频率、不同的振幅、不同的相位角进行扑动。

\n
\"\"
\n

这种异步扑动带来了什么好处？无与伦比的稳定性和机动性。

\n
    \n
  • 它可以像直升机一样悬停。
    • \n
  • 它可以瞬间加速到很高的速度。
    • \n
  • 它可以倒着飞。
    • \n
  • 它可以近乎 90 度直角转弯。
    • \n
\n

这种飞行能力，在昆虫界就是神。

\n

现在回到下雨的问题。

\n

当一片翅膀，比如左前翅，突然被一个雨点砸中，导致飞行姿态瞬间失衡。

\n

蜻蜓的神经系统会在毫秒级的时间内做出反应，立刻调整其他三片翅膀的扑动方式——比如，右后翅加大力度，左后翅和右前翅改变角度——瞬间就把这个不平衡给抵消掉了。

\n

这就是展示容错。

\n

2. 柔性翅膀的被动减震：

\n

蜻蜓的翅膀也不是一块钢板，它是有弹性的。翅脉构成了框架，中间是柔性的翅膜。

\n

当雨点砸上来的时候，这个冲击力会被翅膀的弹性结构部分吸收和缓冲掉，而不是硬生生地传递给整个身体。

\n
\"\"
液滴撞击柔性基底
\n

这就好比你开车，有悬挂减震和没有悬挂减震的区别。

\n

蜻蜓的翅膀，自带“被动悬挂系统”。

\n

所以，靠着主动飞控 + 被动减震，蜻蜓才能在炮火连天的雨天里，保持优雅的飞行姿态。

\n
\n

三、雷达系统：300 帧的复眼

\n

硬件和飞控都顶级了，那索敌和火控系统呢？

\n

蜻蜓同样是顶配。

\n

说的就是它那对占了脑袋大部分面积的大复眼。

\n
\"\"
密恐慎入
\n

在昆虫里面也是很能打的。

\n

1. 超广角视野：

\n

蜻蜓的复眼，每个都由成千上万个小眼组成，拼接在一起，给了它接近360°无死角的视野。

\n

除了自己后脑勺正后方一小块，其他方向都在它的监控之下。

\n
\"\"
\n

在雨天，威胁和猎物可能来自任何方向，这种全景视野至关重要。

\n

2. 极高的“刷新率”：

\n

这才是最变态的地方。我们人类眼睛的“刷新率”，学名叫“闪烁融合频率”，大概是每秒 60 次（60Hz）。

\n

所以我们看刷新率超过 60Hz 的电影和屏幕，就觉得是流畅的画面了。

\n

（24 帧是刚刚觉得不卡，必须上 60 帧）

\n

你猜蜻蜓的复眼刷新率是多少？高达 200Hz！

\n

这是什么概念？

\n

它眼里的世界，是超级慢动作。

\n

你抬头看下雨，看到的是一片连绵不绝的“雨幕”。

\n

蜻蜓抬头看下雨，看到的是一个个独立的、可以清晰辨认的、以慢动作下落的“水球”。

\n

在它眼里，雨点飞得再快，也跟《黑客帝国》里尼奥躲子弹一样，轨迹清清楚楚。

\n
\"\"
\n

而那个在雨滴缝隙里艰难扑腾的小蚊子，简直就跟静止靶一样，被看得一清二楚。

\n

所以，它能在复杂的雨幕中，精准地计算出自己和猎物的飞行轨迹，以及所有雨滴的轨迹，然后规划出一条完美的拦截路线，一击毙命。

\n
\n

四、躲雨不香吗

\n

最后，我们再讨论一个问题：

\n

蜻蜓为啥非要在雨天出来干活？在家躺着不香吗？

\n

香，但没饭吃。

\n

蜻蜓是纯粹的肉食主义者，而且新陈代谢极快，一天不吃就饿得慌。

\n

哪怕是在幼年水虿时期，也是相当很能吃的，一只水虿一天可以吃掉几十甚至上百只蚊子的幼虫。

\n
\"\"
水虿捕食孑孓
\n

它的一生，不是在捕猎，就是在去捕猎的路上。

\n

对蜻蜓来说是毛毛雨，对蚊子、蠓虫这些体型更小的昆虫来说，那就是“中雨”甚至“大雨”了。

\n

它们的翅膀更容易被打湿，飞行变得笨拙、缓慢，而且为了躲避雨点，它们会飞得很低，活动范围也变小了。

\n

平时活蹦乱跳、满天乱窜的猎物，现在变成了行动迟缓、扎堆出现的高蛋白自助餐。

\n

你说，这种机会，作为天空中的顶级掠食者，它能放过吗？

\n

不能够啊！

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", + "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

“蜻蜓在雨天也能在外面捕猎”这个说法，本身对，但也不全对。

\n
\n

你以为的蜻蜓雨天捕猎是这样的：

\n
\"\"
应该是 AI 图
\n

但实际上，蜻蜓并没那么头铁。

\n

你让它去“依萍找她爸要钱那天”那么大的暴雨里飞，那不叫捕猎，那叫挨创。

\n
\"\"
我再也不找我爸要钱了！
\n

一个雨点对蜻蜓来说，动能可能是它体重的几十倍甚至上百倍。

\n

蜻蜓约 1g 重，雨点冲击动能约 2.03mJ。

\n

大致相当于一个约 25 斤的重物从 1 米高处，砸在一个 120 斤重的人头上。

\n

这玩意儿砸蜻蜓身上跟咱被西瓜开瓢没啥区别。

\n
\"\"
\n

所以，我们通常说的“蜻蜓雨天捕猎”，指的是两种情况：

\n
    \n
  1. 毛毛细雨 / 濛濛细雨：雨点小，密度低，对飞行影响没那么致命。
    2. \n
  2. 暴雨前或雨后初歇：气压变化，天气闷热，大量小飞虫（比如蚊子、蠓啥的）被逼到低空活动，移动的蛋白质大礼包。
    3. \n
\n

在这种下，蜻蜓不仅能飞，而且捕猎效率奇高。

\n

为啥？因为平时跟它抢饭吃的友商，早就被这点风雨干趴窝了。

\n

这时候的天空，对于蜻蜓来说，算是“局部空域净化”，整个空域都是它的，视野里能动的，除了雨点，基本都是外卖。

\n

接下来，再絮叨絮叨，为什么蜻蜓雨天捕猎能这么牛逼。

\n

这事儿得分成几个层面说，分别是：硬件配置、飞控系统、雷达系统和作战策略。

\n
\n

一、硬件配置：疏水涂层

\n

你下雨天出门，是不是得打伞穿雨衣？

\n

不然淋成落汤鸡，又冷又重。

\n

蜻蜓其实也怕，但人家出厂自带顶级装备。

\n

它的身体表面，尤其是翅膀，覆盖着一层由几丁质和蜡质组成的角质层。

\n

这玩意儿在微观层面下，不是光滑的，而是布满了纳米级别的微小凸起和沟壑。

\n
\"\"
图源：日立科学仪器
\n

这结构有啥用？

\n

超——级——疏——水！

\n

物理学上管这个叫“荷叶效应”。

\n

水滴落在这上面，由于表面张力的作用，根本无法铺展开，只能形成一个圆滚滚的水珠。

\n

稍微一倾斜，或者一阵微风，水珠就“呲溜”一下滚下去了，顺便还把翅幕上的灰尘给带走了，自带清洁功能。

\n
\"\"
\n

打个比方，这就好比你给你的车刚打完最贵的蜡，或者穿了一件顶级的冲锋衣。

\n

水泼上去，根本不沾。

\n
\"\"
\n

所以，雨点落在蜻蜓翅膀上，根本不会“浸润”打湿翅膀，增加重量，影响气动外形。

\n

小的雨滴直接被弹开，大一点的雨滴就算砸中了，也只是短暂地附着一下，蜻蜓翅膀一振，或者稍微改变下姿态，水珠就滚下去了。

\n

这身疏水材料，是它敢在雨里浪的第一层底气。

\n

不然飞着飞着，翅膀越来越重，跟飞机机翼结冰一样，直接失速坠机了。

\n
\n

二、飞控系统

\n

好了，解决了“湿身”的问题，下一个问题更要命：冲击力。

\n

就像前面说的，一个雨点对蜻蜓来说就是一发西瓜。

\n

哪怕是无人机，在空中被一个跟自己差不多重的玩意儿高速砸一下，飞控系统反应不过来，姿态一乱，基本就没了。

\n
\"\"
很多无人机都这么炸的
\n

但蜻蜓的飞控，很牛逼的。

\n

为啥这么说？

\n

1. 四翅独立驱动，异步扑动：

\n

蜻蜓牛逼就牛逼在它有两对翅膀，而且这两对翅膀不是同步扇动的。

\n

它的前翅和后翅可以由不同的肌肉控制，以不同的频率、不同的振幅、不同的相位角进行扑动。

\n
\"\"
\n

这种异步扑动带来了什么好处？无与伦比的稳定性和机动性。

\n
    \n
  • 它可以像直升机一样悬停。
    • \n
  • 它可以瞬间加速到很高的速度。
    • \n
  • 它可以倒着飞。
    • \n
  • 它可以近乎 90 度直角转弯。
    • \n
\n

这种飞行能力，在昆虫界就是神。

\n

现在回到下雨的问题。

\n

当一片翅膀，比如左前翅，突然被一个雨点砸中，导致飞行姿态瞬间失衡。

\n

蜻蜓的神经系统会在毫秒级的时间内做出反应，立刻调整其他三片翅膀的扑动方式——比如，右后翅加大力度，左后翅和右前翅改变角度——瞬间就把这个不平衡给抵消掉了。

\n

这就是展示容错。

\n

2. 柔性翅膀的被动减震：

\n

蜻蜓的翅膀也不是一块钢板，它是有弹性的。翅脉构成了框架，中间是柔性的翅膜。

\n

当雨点砸上来的时候，这个冲击力会被翅膀的弹性结构部分吸收和缓冲掉，而不是硬生生地传递给整个身体。

\n
\"\"
液滴撞击柔性基底
\n

这就好比你开车，有悬挂减震和没有悬挂减震的区别。

\n

蜻蜓的翅膀，自带“被动悬挂系统”。

\n

所以，靠着主动飞控 + 被动减震，蜻蜓才能在炮火连天的雨天里，保持优雅的飞行姿态。

\n
\n

三、雷达系统：300 帧的复眼

\n

硬件和飞控都顶级了，那索敌和火控系统呢？

\n

蜻蜓同样是顶配。

\n

说的就是它那对占了脑袋大部分面积的大复眼。

\n
\"\"
密恐慎入
\n

在昆虫里面也是很能打的。

\n

1. 超广角视野：

\n

蜻蜓的复眼，每个都由成千上万个小眼组成，拼接在一起，给了它接近360°无死角的视野。

\n

除了自己后脑勺正后方一小块，其他方向都在它的监控之下。

\n
\"\"
\n

在雨天，威胁和猎物可能来自任何方向，这种全景视野至关重要。

\n

2. 极高的“刷新率”：

\n

这才是最变态的地方。我们人类眼睛的“刷新率”，学名叫“闪烁融合频率”，大概是每秒 60 次（60Hz）。

\n

所以我们看刷新率超过 60Hz 的电影和屏幕，就觉得是流畅的画面了。

\n

（24 帧是刚刚觉得不卡，必须上 60 帧）

\n

你猜蜻蜓的复眼刷新率是多少？高达 200Hz！

\n

这是什么概念？

\n

它眼里的世界，是超级慢动作。

\n

你抬头看下雨，看到的是一片连绵不绝的“雨幕”。

\n

蜻蜓抬头看下雨，看到的是一个个独立的、可以清晰辨认的、以慢动作下落的“水球”。

\n

在它眼里，雨点飞得再快，也跟《黑客帝国》里尼奥躲子弹一样，轨迹清清楚楚。

\n
\"\"
\n

而那个在雨滴缝隙里艰难扑腾的小蚊子，简直就跟静止靶一样，被看得一清二楚。

\n

所以，它能在复杂的雨幕中，精准地计算出自己和猎物的飞行轨迹，以及所有雨滴的轨迹，然后规划出一条完美的拦截路线，一击毙命。

\n
\n

四、躲雨不香吗

\n

最后，我们再讨论一个问题：

\n

蜻蜓为啥非要在雨天出来干活？在家躺着不香吗？

\n

香，但没饭吃。

\n

蜻蜓是纯粹的肉食主义者，而且新陈代谢极快，一天不吃就饿得慌。

\n

哪怕是在幼年水虿时期，也是相当很能吃的，一只水虿一天可以吃掉几十甚至上百只蚊子的幼虫。

\n
\"\"
水虿捕食孑孓
\n

它的一生，不是在捕猎，就是在去捕猎的路上。

\n

对蜻蜓来说是毛毛雨，对蚊子、蠓虫这些体型更小的昆虫来说，那就是“中雨”甚至“大雨”了。

\n

它们的翅膀更容易被打湿，飞行变得笨拙、缓慢，而且为了躲避雨点，它们会飞得很低，活动范围也变小了。

\n

平时活蹦乱跳、满天乱窜的猎物，现在变成了行动迟缓、扎堆出现的高蛋白自助餐。

\n

你说，这种机会，作为天空中的顶级掠食者，它能放过吗？

\n

不能够啊！

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n
获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", + "content": "
\"头图\"/
\n

“蜻蜓在雨天也能在外面捕猎”这个说法，本身对，但也不全对。

\n
\n

你以为的蜻蜓雨天捕猎是这样的：

\n
\"\"
应该是 AI 图
\n

但实际上，蜻蜓并没那么头铁。

\n

你让它去“依萍找她爸要钱那天”那么大的暴雨里飞，那不叫捕猎，那叫挨创。

\n
\"\"
我再也不找我爸要钱了！
\n

一个雨点对蜻蜓来说，动能可能是它体重的几十倍甚至上百倍。

\n

蜻蜓约 1g 重，雨点冲击动能约 2.03mJ。

\n

大致相当于一个约 25 斤的重物从 1 米高处，砸在一个 120 斤重的人头上。

\n

这玩意儿砸蜻蜓身上跟咱被西瓜开瓢没啥区别。

\n
\"\"
\n

所以，我们通常说的“蜻蜓雨天捕猎”，指的是两种情况：

\n
    \n
  1. 毛毛细雨 / 濛濛细雨：雨点小，密度低，对飞行影响没那么致命。
    2. \n
  2. 暴雨前或雨后初歇：气压变化，天气闷热，大量小飞虫（比如蚊子、蠓啥的）被逼到低空活动，移动的蛋白质大礼包。
    3. \n
\n

在这种下，蜻蜓不仅能飞，而且捕猎效率奇高。

\n

为啥？因为平时跟它抢饭吃的友商，早就被这点风雨干趴窝了。

\n

这时候的天空，对于蜻蜓来说，算是“局部空域净化”，整个空域都是它的，视野里能动的，除了雨点，基本都是外卖。

\n

接下来，再絮叨絮叨，为什么蜻蜓雨天捕猎能这么牛逼。

\n

这事儿得分成几个层面说，分别是：硬件配置、飞控系统、雷达系统和作战策略。

\n
\n

一、硬件配置：疏水涂层

\n

你下雨天出门，是不是得打伞穿雨衣？

\n

不然淋成落汤鸡，又冷又重。

\n

蜻蜓其实也怕，但人家出厂自带顶级装备。

\n

它的身体表面，尤其是翅膀，覆盖着一层由几丁质和蜡质组成的角质层。

\n

这玩意儿在微观层面下，不是光滑的，而是布满了纳米级别的微小凸起和沟壑。

\n
\"\"
图源：日立科学仪器
\n

这结构有啥用？

\n

超——级——疏——水！

\n

物理学上管这个叫“荷叶效应”。

\n

水滴落在这上面，由于表面张力的作用，根本无法铺展开，只能形成一个圆滚滚的水珠。

\n

稍微一倾斜，或者一阵微风，水珠就“呲溜”一下滚下去了，顺便还把翅幕上的灰尘给带走了，自带清洁功能。

\n
\"\"
\n

打个比方，这就好比你给你的车刚打完最贵的蜡，或者穿了一件顶级的冲锋衣。

\n

水泼上去，根本不沾。

\n
\"\"
\n

所以，雨点落在蜻蜓翅膀上，根本不会“浸润”打湿翅膀，增加重量，影响气动外形。

\n

小的雨滴直接被弹开，大一点的雨滴就算砸中了，也只是短暂地附着一下，蜻蜓翅膀一振，或者稍微改变下姿态，水珠就滚下去了。

\n

这身疏水材料，是它敢在雨里浪的第一层底气。

\n

不然飞着飞着，翅膀越来越重，跟飞机机翼结冰一样，直接失速坠机了。

\n
\n

二、飞控系统

\n

好了，解决了“湿身”的问题，下一个问题更要命：冲击力。

\n

就像前面说的，一个雨点对蜻蜓来说就是一发西瓜。

\n

哪怕是无人机，在空中被一个跟自己差不多重的玩意儿高速砸一下，飞控系统反应不过来，姿态一乱，基本就没了。

\n
\"\"
很多无人机都这么炸的
\n

但蜻蜓的飞控，很牛逼的。

\n

为啥这么说？

\n

1. 四翅独立驱动，异步扑动：

\n

蜻蜓牛逼就牛逼在它有两对翅膀，而且这两对翅膀不是同步扇动的。

\n

它的前翅和后翅可以由不同的肌肉控制，以不同的频率、不同的振幅、不同的相位角进行扑动。

\n
\"\"
\n

这种异步扑动带来了什么好处？无与伦比的稳定性和机动性。

\n
    \n
  • 它可以像直升机一样悬停。
    • \n
  • 它可以瞬间加速到很高的速度。
    • \n
  • 它可以倒着飞。
    • \n
  • 它可以近乎 90 度直角转弯。
    • \n
\n

这种飞行能力，在昆虫界就是神。

\n

现在回到下雨的问题。

\n

当一片翅膀，比如左前翅，突然被一个雨点砸中，导致飞行姿态瞬间失衡。

\n

蜻蜓的神经系统会在毫秒级的时间内做出反应，立刻调整其他三片翅膀的扑动方式——比如，右后翅加大力度，左后翅和右前翅改变角度——瞬间就把这个不平衡给抵消掉了。

\n

这就是展示容错。

\n

2. 柔性翅膀的被动减震：

\n

蜻蜓的翅膀也不是一块钢板，它是有弹性的。翅脉构成了框架，中间是柔性的翅膜。

\n

当雨点砸上来的时候，这个冲击力会被翅膀的弹性结构部分吸收和缓冲掉，而不是硬生生地传递给整个身体。

\n
\"\"
液滴撞击柔性基底
\n

这就好比你开车，有悬挂减震和没有悬挂减震的区别。

\n

蜻蜓的翅膀，自带“被动悬挂系统”。

\n

所以，靠着主动飞控 + 被动减震，蜻蜓才能在炮火连天的雨天里，保持优雅的飞行姿态。

\n
\n

三、雷达系统：300 帧的复眼

\n

硬件和飞控都顶级了，那索敌和火控系统呢？

\n

蜻蜓同样是顶配。

\n

说的就是它那对占了脑袋大部分面积的大复眼。

\n
\"\"
密恐慎入
\n

在昆虫里面也是很能打的。

\n

1. 超广角视野：

\n

蜻蜓的复眼，每个都由成千上万个小眼组成，拼接在一起，给了它接近360°无死角的视野。

\n

除了自己后脑勺正后方一小块，其他方向都在它的监控之下。

\n
\"\"
\n

在雨天，威胁和猎物可能来自任何方向，这种全景视野至关重要。

\n

2. 极高的“刷新率”：

\n

这才是最变态的地方。我们人类眼睛的“刷新率”，学名叫“闪烁融合频率”，大概是每秒 60 次（60Hz）。

\n

所以我们看刷新率超过 60Hz 的电影和屏幕，就觉得是流畅的画面了。

\n

（24 帧是刚刚觉得不卡，必须上 60 帧）

\n

你猜蜻蜓的复眼刷新率是多少？高达 200Hz！

\n

这是什么概念？

\n

它眼里的世界，是超级慢动作。

\n

你抬头看下雨，看到的是一片连绵不绝的“雨幕”。

\n

蜻蜓抬头看下雨，看到的是一个个独立的、可以清晰辨认的、以慢动作下落的“水球”。

\n

在它眼里，雨点飞得再快，也跟《黑客帝国》里尼奥躲子弹一样，轨迹清清楚楚。

\n
\"\"
\n

而那个在雨滴缝隙里艰难扑腾的小蚊子，简直就跟静止靶一样，被看得一清二楚。

\n

所以，它能在复杂的雨幕中，精准地计算出自己和猎物的飞行轨迹，以及所有雨滴的轨迹，然后规划出一条完美的拦截路线，一击毙命。

\n
\n

四、躲雨不香吗

\n

最后，我们再讨论一个问题：

\n

蜻蜓为啥非要在雨天出来干活？在家躺着不香吗？

\n

香，但没饭吃。

\n

蜻蜓是纯粹的肉食主义者，而且新陈代谢极快，一天不吃就饿得慌。

\n

哪怕是在幼年水虿时期，也是相当很能吃的，一只水虿一天可以吃掉几十甚至上百只蚊子的幼虫。

\n
\"\"
水虿捕食孑孓
\n

它的一生，不是在捕猎，就是在去捕猎的路上。

\n

对蜻蜓来说是毛毛雨，对蚊子、蠓虫这些体型更小的昆虫来说，那就是“中雨”甚至“大雨”了。

\n

它们的翅膀更容易被打湿，飞行变得笨拙、缓慢，而且为了躲避雨点，它们会飞得很低，活动范围也变小了。

\n

平时活蹦乱跳、满天乱窜的猎物，现在变成了行动迟缓、扎堆出现的高蛋白自助餐。

\n

你说，这种机会，作为天空中的顶级掠食者，它能放过吗？

\n

不能够啊！

\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n
获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", "category": "", "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783433", "creator": "", @@ -7428,6 +6636,28 @@ "hash": "6de60e64229dd02e190caae5bfad35a8", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "海带竟然不是植物？！那是个啥？", + "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

海带（Saccharina japonica）是一种植物吗？毕竟它既能进行光合作用，外形又是一副“绿叶飘飘”的样子。要回答这个问题，我们得先来看几个生物分类学中“王国”（Kingdom）的兴衰史。

\n

 

经常吃海带的朋友都知道，“界门纲目科属种”这个生物分类阶元中，“界”的英文是“Kingdom”，正如这个英文单词最直观的翻译，一类生物可以看作一个王国。但是分类阶元并不是一成不变的，我们对生命演化的认知本就是一个动态调整的过程[1]。从这个角度上来看，海带（及其祖先）就像是一个反复游走在各个王国之间的“流浪者”。

\n

 

在早期分类系统中，海带属于植物

\n

 

“植物界”和“动物界”是最早确立的两个界级分类单元，缔造它们的人是瑞典生物学家林奈，他也正是前述生物分类阶元的开创者。林奈将固着不动和自养型（即能利用无机物合成有机）生物归为植物界（Plantae kingdom）,自由行动且异养型（自身无法合成有机物，只能“吃”别人合成的有机物）的生物归为动物界（Animalia kingdom）。在当时的这一标准下，海带和其他一众藻类伙伴因为能通过光合作用制造有机物归属于植物界理所应当。

\n
\"\"
\n

 

按照林奈分类系统，海带归属于植物界 图片来源：作者绘制

\n

 

随着人们认识逐渐加深，“植物界”和“动物界”中的一些成员突然发现了彼此间巨大的“共同点”，它们都是单细胞生物。前者比如裸藻，后者如草履虫，于是，它们一合计，在德国生物学家海克尔（E.H.Haeckel）的支持下于 1866 年成立了一个新的王国——原生生物界（Praotista kingdom），与其他结构复杂的生物划清了界限。那些与海带一同归属于植物界的单细胞藻类纷纷改弦更张，成为了崛起的新家族——原生生物的成员。

\n
\"\"
\n

 

按照海克尔的分类系统，海带在原生生物界虚晃一枪，又回到了植物界 图片来源：作者绘制

\n

 

然而，海带审视了一下自己，表示：“我虽然结构简单，没有根茎叶的分化，但我是多细胞生物呀!”于是果断决定留在植物界中[3]。

\n

 

几类生物“自立门户”，海带被禁止入内

\n

 

后来，真菌“觉醒”，它猛然发现自己和其他植物和动物都有着显著的区别——细胞壁是几丁质而非纤维素，虽然和动物一样异养但却营腐生或寄生生活。于是，真菌界的“创始人”惠特克（R.H.Whittaker）在 1995 年提出了另立一个真菌界（(Fungi kingdom）。至此，包含原生生物界、真菌界、植物界和动物界“四界”的分类系统形成。

\n

 

不过，这场变革对海带没有直接影响。只是，眼瞅着一同“寄人篱下”的小伙伴纷纷自立门户，海带开始找寻那条腹含“大楚兴，陈胜王”的鲤鱼。

\n

 

时间来到 1969 年，界级分类系统中一个新的国度——原核生物界（Monera kingdom）揭竿而起，喊一声“王侯将相宁有种乎”的时候似乎来了，海带要崛起了吗？然而并没有。海带只能看着藻类中的蓝藻等成为“新贵”。

\n

 

原核生物界的诞生主要归因于显微技术的进步——人们根据细胞有无核膜包被等特征，将生物分为原核细胞和真核细胞。这种基于微观层面的划分对“蠢蠢欲动”的海带来说，只能是鞭长莫及。尽管它的“鞭”真的很长，你吃下的海带结活着的时候长度可超过 3 米[2]。

\n
\"\"
\n

 

海带依然在植物界岿然不动 图片来源：作者绘制

\n

 

与原核生物和原生生物界中大部分单细胞生物相比，它完全坐实了多细胞生物的身份，可相比其他多细胞生物，它又只是一个“简单的多细胞”，只有长长的叶状体在海水中摇摆。是了！“摇摆”就是它对自己定位的真实写照。

\n
\"\"
\n

 

收获中的海带 图片来源：参考文献[4]

\n

 

海带作为“不等鞭毛类”的“前世今生”

\n

 

秉持着“坚持就是胜利”的信念，海带养精蓄锐，等待着“天时地利人和”时局的到来。这一次，海带终于要成功了吗？它能改变自己身为“植物”的宿命了吗？

\n

 

这一时期，人们对生物的认知深入到更微观的尺度，通过分子系统学构建系统发育树来确定生物类群的演化关系。终于，曾经被归为褐藻门（Phaeophyta）的海带，在大多数现代分类方法中被重新划归为“不等鞭毛类”这一更精确的分类单元[5]。

\n

 

不等鞭毛类生物的祖先，早在还是一个小小的细胞时就把弱肉强食的生存法则一遍遍演绎。当早期的真核生物界形成后，这些不等鞭毛类的祖先细胞为了生存，开始对自己的“亲戚们”下手，演化出一种名为“胞吞”的手段——通过细胞膜的凹陷来吞噬其他细胞。但有一天，一个被吞噬的蓝细菌（旧称蓝藻），不知为何没有被消化，这次意外的“共生事件”让真核生物获得了光合作用的能力。而这个幸存蓝细菌，它的后代则演化成了细胞中的“能量工厂”——叶绿体。

\n
\"\"
\n

 

两次内共生图示 图片来源：参考文献[5]

\n

 

吞噬只有零次和无数次，尝到甜头的海带祖先又经过了两次吞噬，形成了四层膜的叶绿体，至此，海带诞生了。疯狂“叠甲”让它和只有两层叶绿体膜的植物直接区分开来，它被归入原生生物界。尽管大业未竟，但海带终于摆脱了植物界的头衔，在原生生物界中赢得了自己的一席之地[5]。

\n
\"\"
\n

 

海带终于来到了原生生物界 图片来源：作者绘制

\n

 

重新认识一下海带吧！

\n

 

那么，让我们来重新认识一下有了“新身份”的海带吧！

\n

 

海带隶属于色藻界 - 褐藻门 - 褐藻纲 - 海带目 - 糖海带属，全名 Saccharina japonica (Aresch.) C.E.Lane, C.Mayes, Druehl & G.W.Saunders, 2006。曾经被当做植物的它，实际上与它的第二个王国——原生生物的关系更近。至于植物，它们曾拥有过共同的祖先，但早已经分道扬镳[6]。但是，在生物界庞大的谱系中，这点亲缘关系实在不足为奇。

\n

 

海带也许背离了植物界和动物界的传统分类，但值得庆幸的是，它并没有“背刺”素食者们——对于鲜嫩的海带制品，依然可以心安理得地尽情享用！

\n

 

参考文献

[1]毛盛贤. 生物界级分类系统的演变过程[J]. 生物学通报, 1999(05): 10-11.

[2]王珊珊, 张瑞标, 常丽荣, 等. 威海桑沟湾海域不同海带品种 / 系的生长状况研究[J/OL]. 大连海洋大学学报, 2020, 35(01): 96-102. DOI:10.16535/j.cnki.dlhyxb.2019-022.

[3]CHI S, QIAN H, LI T, 等. Phylogeny of genera Laminaria and Saccharina (Laminariales, Phaeophyceae) based on three molecular markers[J/OL]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2014, 33(9): 139-151. DOI:10.1007/s13131-014-0525-3.

[4]BARTSCH I, WIENCKE C, BISCHOF K, 等. The genus Laminaria sensu lato  : recent insights and developments[J/OL]. European Journal of Phycology, 2008, 43(1): 1-86. DOI:10.1080/09670260701711376.

[5]BRIGGS G M. Inanimate Life[M]. Milne Open Textbooks, 2024.

[6]NOZAKI H, MARUYAMA S, MATSUZAKI M, 等. Phylogenetic positions of Glaucophyta, green plants (Archaeplastida) and Haptophyta (Chromalveolata) as deduced from slowly evolving nuclear genes[J/OL]. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2009, 53(3): 872-880. DOI:10.1016/j.ympev.2009.08.015.

\n

 

策划制作

出品丨科普中国

作者丨张应超 生态学硕士

监制丨中国科普博览

责编丨一诺

审校丨徐来、林林

\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n
\n
\n\n\n\n", + "content": "
\"头图\"/
\n

海带（Saccharina japonica）是一种植物吗？毕竟它既能进行光合作用，外形又是一副“绿叶飘飘”的样子。要回答这个问题，我们得先来看几个生物分类学中“王国”（Kingdom）的兴衰史。

\n

 

经常吃海带的朋友都知道，“界门纲目科属种”这个生物分类阶元中，“界”的英文是“Kingdom”，正如这个英文单词最直观的翻译，一类生物可以看作一个王国。但是分类阶元并不是一成不变的，我们对生命演化的认知本就是一个动态调整的过程[1]。从这个角度上来看，海带（及其祖先）就像是一个反复游走在各个王国之间的“流浪者”。

\n

 

在早期分类系统中，海带属于植物

\n

 

“植物界”和“动物界”是最早确立的两个界级分类单元，缔造它们的人是瑞典生物学家林奈，他也正是前述生物分类阶元的开创者。林奈将固着不动和自养型（即能利用无机物合成有机）生物归为植物界（Plantae kingdom）,自由行动且异养型（自身无法合成有机物，只能“吃”别人合成的有机物）的生物归为动物界（Animalia kingdom）。在当时的这一标准下，海带和其他一众藻类伙伴因为能通过光合作用制造有机物归属于植物界理所应当。

\n
\"\"
\n

 

按照林奈分类系统，海带归属于植物界 图片来源：作者绘制

\n

 

随着人们认识逐渐加深，“植物界”和“动物界”中的一些成员突然发现了彼此间巨大的“共同点”，它们都是单细胞生物。前者比如裸藻，后者如草履虫，于是，它们一合计，在德国生物学家海克尔（E.H.Haeckel）的支持下于 1866 年成立了一个新的王国——原生生物界（Praotista kingdom），与其他结构复杂的生物划清了界限。那些与海带一同归属于植物界的单细胞藻类纷纷改弦更张，成为了崛起的新家族——原生生物的成员。

\n
\"\"
\n

 

按照海克尔的分类系统，海带在原生生物界虚晃一枪，又回到了植物界 图片来源：作者绘制

\n

 

然而，海带审视了一下自己，表示：“我虽然结构简单，没有根茎叶的分化，但我是多细胞生物呀!”于是果断决定留在植物界中[3]。

\n

 

几类生物“自立门户”，海带被禁止入内

\n

 

后来，真菌“觉醒”，它猛然发现自己和其他植物和动物都有着显著的区别——细胞壁是几丁质而非纤维素，虽然和动物一样异养但却营腐生或寄生生活。于是，真菌界的“创始人”惠特克（R.H.Whittaker）在 1995 年提出了另立一个真菌界（(Fungi kingdom）。至此，包含原生生物界、真菌界、植物界和动物界“四界”的分类系统形成。

\n

 

不过，这场变革对海带没有直接影响。只是，眼瞅着一同“寄人篱下”的小伙伴纷纷自立门户，海带开始找寻那条腹含“大楚兴，陈胜王”的鲤鱼。

\n

 

时间来到 1969 年，界级分类系统中一个新的国度——原核生物界（Monera kingdom）揭竿而起，喊一声“王侯将相宁有种乎”的时候似乎来了，海带要崛起了吗？然而并没有。海带只能看着藻类中的蓝藻等成为“新贵”。

\n

 

原核生物界的诞生主要归因于显微技术的进步——人们根据细胞有无核膜包被等特征，将生物分为原核细胞和真核细胞。这种基于微观层面的划分对“蠢蠢欲动”的海带来说，只能是鞭长莫及。尽管它的“鞭”真的很长，你吃下的海带结活着的时候长度可超过 3 米[2]。

\n
\"\"
\n

 

海带依然在植物界岿然不动 图片来源：作者绘制

\n

 

与原核生物和原生生物界中大部分单细胞生物相比，它完全坐实了多细胞生物的身份，可相比其他多细胞生物，它又只是一个“简单的多细胞”，只有长长的叶状体在海水中摇摆。是了！“摇摆”就是它对自己定位的真实写照。

\n
\"\"
\n

 

收获中的海带 图片来源：参考文献[4]

\n

 

海带作为“不等鞭毛类”的“前世今生”

\n

 

秉持着“坚持就是胜利”的信念，海带养精蓄锐，等待着“天时地利人和”时局的到来。这一次，海带终于要成功了吗？它能改变自己身为“植物”的宿命了吗？

\n

 

这一时期，人们对生物的认知深入到更微观的尺度，通过分子系统学构建系统发育树来确定生物类群的演化关系。终于，曾经被归为褐藻门（Phaeophyta）的海带，在大多数现代分类方法中被重新划归为“不等鞭毛类”这一更精确的分类单元[5]。

\n

 

不等鞭毛类生物的祖先，早在还是一个小小的细胞时就把弱肉强食的生存法则一遍遍演绎。当早期的真核生物界形成后，这些不等鞭毛类的祖先细胞为了生存，开始对自己的“亲戚们”下手，演化出一种名为“胞吞”的手段——通过细胞膜的凹陷来吞噬其他细胞。但有一天，一个被吞噬的蓝细菌（旧称蓝藻），不知为何没有被消化，这次意外的“共生事件”让真核生物获得了光合作用的能力。而这个幸存蓝细菌，它的后代则演化成了细胞中的“能量工厂”——叶绿体。

\n
\"\"
\n

 

两次内共生图示 图片来源：参考文献[5]

\n

 

吞噬只有零次和无数次，尝到甜头的海带祖先又经过了两次吞噬，形成了四层膜的叶绿体，至此，海带诞生了。疯狂“叠甲”让它和只有两层叶绿体膜的植物直接区分开来，它被归入原生生物界。尽管大业未竟，但海带终于摆脱了植物界的头衔，在原生生物界中赢得了自己的一席之地[5]。

\n
\"\"
\n

 

海带终于来到了原生生物界 图片来源：作者绘制

\n

 

重新认识一下海带吧！

\n

 

那么，让我们来重新认识一下有了“新身份”的海带吧！

\n

 

海带隶属于色藻界 - 褐藻门 - 褐藻纲 - 海带目 - 糖海带属，全名 Saccharina japonica (Aresch.) C.E.Lane, C.Mayes, Druehl & G.W.Saunders, 2006。曾经被当做植物的它，实际上与它的第二个王国——原生生物的关系更近。至于植物，它们曾拥有过共同的祖先，但早已经分道扬镳[6]。但是，在生物界庞大的谱系中，这点亲缘关系实在不足为奇。

\n

 

海带也许背离了植物界和动物界的传统分类，但值得庆幸的是，它并没有“背刺”素食者们——对于鲜嫩的海带制品，依然可以心安理得地尽情享用！

\n

 

参考文献

[1]毛盛贤. 生物界级分类系统的演变过程[J]. 生物学通报, 1999(05): 10-11.

[2]王珊珊, 张瑞标, 常丽荣, 等. 威海桑沟湾海域不同海带品种 / 系的生长状况研究[J/OL]. 大连海洋大学学报, 2020, 35(01): 96-102. DOI:10.16535/j.cnki.dlhyxb.2019-022.

[3]CHI S, QIAN H, LI T, 等. Phylogeny of genera Laminaria and Saccharina (Laminariales, Phaeophyceae) based on three molecular markers[J/OL]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2014, 33(9): 139-151. DOI:10.1007/s13131-014-0525-3.

[4]BARTSCH I, WIENCKE C, BISCHOF K, 等. The genus Laminaria sensu lato  : recent insights and developments[J/OL]. European Journal of Phycology, 2008, 43(1): 1-86. DOI:10.1080/09670260701711376.

[5]BRIGGS G M. Inanimate Life[M]. Milne Open Textbooks, 2024.

[6]NOZAKI H, MARUYAMA S, MATSUZAKI M, 等. Phylogenetic positions of Glaucophyta, green plants (Archaeplastida) and Haptophyta (Chromalveolata) as deduced from slowly evolving nuclear genes[J/OL]. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 2009, 53(3): 872-880. DOI:10.1016/j.ympev.2009.08.015.

\n

 

策划制作

出品丨科普中国

作者丨张应超 生态学硕士

监制丨中国科普博览

责编丨一诺

审校丨徐来、林林

\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n
\n
\n\n\n\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783436", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "知乎", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "99dc4dac6a52a0c130ae97fe2c31443b", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "研究称吃瓜类食物可以延缓衰老，原理是什么？瓜类有哪些抗老成分？", "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

好家伙，让我吃口瓜压压惊。

\n

前排省流：确实可以，起作用的是瓜氨酸，放人身上效果几何有待进一步研究。但是靠吃西瓜来补充比起不完全明确的健康收益，承担糖尿病明确的健康风险更大一些。可以偶尔吃点冬瓜、丝瓜，佛系补充。

\n

原文找到了，是中科院上海有机化学研究所朱正江团队 3 月发表在《科学进展》（IF:14.957，综合性期刊 1 区）的一项研究，名称为《瓜氨酸调节小鼠巨噬细胞代谢和炎症以对抗衰老 Citrulline regulates macrophage metabolism and inflammation to counter aging in mice》：

\n
\"\"
\n

朱正江团队先是对不同年龄（6、24、36、52 和 78 周龄）雄性小鼠的脑组织、肝组织和血清样本的代谢变化进行了综合分析，发现有 7 种代谢物随着小鼠的衰老而含量降低。

\n
\"\"
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这些代谢物包括 1,5- 无氢葡糖醇、瓜氨酸、环己酸、氧化三甲胺、麦角硫因、鹅丝氨酸和高瓜氨酸。

\n

而之前的一些研究，已经证实 1,5- 无氢葡糖醇 、麦角硫因、氧化三甲胺和高瓜氨酸与衰老有关，他们就先把目标放在了瓜氨酸上。

\n

24 周龄小鼠的各种组织中，瓜氨酸的含量相对 6 周龄小鼠明显下降，在肝中降低最为明显，达到了 50%，脑和血清中则降低了 20%。

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24 周龄是小鼠衰老的起点，从这时起它们的免疫系统功能减弱，毛发变得稀疏，反应变得迟钝，身体机能下降。

\n
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不同年龄小鼠大脑、肝脏和血清中瓜氨酸的相对丰度
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然后呢，研究者把瓜氨酸溶解到饮用水中，让雄性年轻小鼠（6 周龄）和雄性老年小鼠（72 周龄）口服补充，他们还选了相同情况的另外两组小鼠做对照，只喝饮用水，不补瓜氨酸。

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有关瓜氨酸的补充，持续了 9 周。

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然后呢，研究者再分析这些小鼠的脑组织、肝组织和血清。

\n

结果，补充了瓜氨酸的小鼠这些样本内的瓜氨酸水平上升，在年老小鼠体内的提升尤为明显，说明口服的补充方式是有效的。

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研究者进一步分析衰老相关的指标，然后神奇的事情就发生了：

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9 周的瓜氨酸补充后，老年小鼠体重有效下降，脾脏和肝脏的重量也减轻了。

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与此同时，还有更多的 magic!

\n

补充瓜氨酸的小鼠，细胞衰老的速度变慢了，DNA 损伤修复了，巨噬细胞代谢被调节得明明白白，小鼠体内的炎症水平都降~低~啦~

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既然在小鼠上可行，那研究人员赶紧去看看人类的情况。

\n

他们寻找了人类的数据，发现随着年龄增长，人类的外周血单核细胞（PBMC）中的瓜氨酸含量也会减少，而补充瓜氨酸后，同样可以抑制与衰老相关的炎症反应。

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之前也有诸多研究，指出瓜氨酸对人类肌肉生长及保留、血管健康、运动表现（甚至性功能）等方面有积极的作用。

\n

但作用多少，还是要打个问号，只能说有效果。

\n

说到这里，就要谈瓜氨酸的补充量了。

\n

根据不同的研究，瓜氨酸的有效剂量范围为 3~10 克 / 天，换算成瓜氨酸含量最丰富的西瓜，要吃保底 3 斤的瓜....

\n

瓜氨酸补充不了多少，血糖是肯定要爆炸的，延寿能起到的作用没有多少，糖尿病怕是要先吃出来。

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丝瓜和冬瓜，瓜氨酸含量也不低，热量低、升糖指数低、饱腹感还很强，倒是不错的选择。

\n

不爱吃丝瓜和冬瓜的朋友也不用太焦虑，瓜氨酸作为一种非必需氨基酸，本身就可以在我们体内合成的。

\n

无论如何，按照膳食指南的标准，没有糖尿病的朋友每天吃 350g 的水果对健康肯定是好的~

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请大家理性吃瓜，均衡饮食

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祝各位健康长寿

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以上

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查看知乎讨论
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\n\n\n\n", @@ -7450,6 +6680,28 @@ "hash": "b8031d4aeafb9f32d8e20d63fe42b253", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "瞎扯 · 如何正确地吐槽", + "description": "
\"头图\"/
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@月泠 ：要知道， Cos 不过是 play 的一环。
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@Nshen ：天庭公审大会 李靖：泼猴，快说！是谁传你一身本事让你大闹天宫的！ 猴子：我说，我师傅是菩… 玉帝：住嘴！交代你自己的问题，别东拉西扯！
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@江芷微 ：你要是能用肉眼看清大红斑的时候，刘培强应该也就快完蛋了。
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@初烁 ：你这么单有一个数字 1 还不太够 遇到数字 1 ，得写「 sin²x+cos²x 」 遇到数字 2 ，得写「日本遭原子弹轰炸的次数」 遇到数字 3 ，得写「光之国太阳的数量」 遇到数字 4 ，得写「九子夺嫡胜出者在兄弟中排行」 遇到数字 5 ，得写「 Mygo 乐队组建时期的人数」 遇到数字 6 ，得写「主」 遇到数字 7 ，得写「一般情况下化合价的最高价」 遇到数字 8 ，得写「空间直角坐标系象限的数量」 遇到数字 9 ，得写「内角和为 1260° 的多边形的边数」 遇到数字 10 ，得写「科举中得到进士出身名号的最低名次」 遇到数字 11 ，得写「流川枫的球衣号码」 遇到数字 12 ，得写「木兰替父从军的年数」 …… 你可以这么写吗？加油，一定能得高分的！
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@百鬼英梨梨 ：你的本质是一只智人。 你今生来到这个世界上，真正的主线目标只有一个：想办法找一个不会流失热量的栖息地，然后每天搞到 2000 大卡的热量进账。 剩下都是你自己探索的支线。
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获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", + "content": "
\"头图\"/
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@月泠 ：要知道， Cos 不过是 play 的一环。
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@Nshen ：天庭公审大会 李靖：泼猴，快说！是谁传你一身本事让你大闹天宫的！ 猴子：我说，我师傅是菩… 玉帝：住嘴！交代你自己的问题，别东拉西扯！
\n
\n
\n\n
\n
\n
@江芷微 ：你要是能用肉眼看清大红斑的时候，刘培强应该也就快完蛋了。
\n
\n
\n\n
\n
\n
@初烁 ：你这么单有一个数字 1 还不太够 遇到数字 1 ，得写「 sin²x+cos²x 」 遇到数字 2 ，得写「日本遭原子弹轰炸的次数」 遇到数字 3 ，得写「光之国太阳的数量」 遇到数字 4 ，得写「九子夺嫡胜出者在兄弟中排行」 遇到数字 5 ，得写「 Mygo 乐队组建时期的人数」 遇到数字 6 ，得写「主」 遇到数字 7 ，得写「一般情况下化合价的最高价」 遇到数字 8 ，得写「空间直角坐标系象限的数量」 遇到数字 9 ，得写「内角和为 1260° 的多边形的边数」 遇到数字 10 ，得写「科举中得到进士出身名号的最低名次」 遇到数字 11 ，得写「流川枫的球衣号码」 遇到数字 12 ，得写「木兰替父从军的年数」 …… 你可以这么写吗？加油，一定能得高分的！
\n
\n
\n\n
\n
\n
@百鬼英梨梨 ：你的本质是一只智人。 你今生来到这个世界上，真正的主线目标只有一个：想办法找一个不会流失热量的栖息地，然后每天搞到 2000 大卡的热量进账。 剩下都是你自己探索的支线。
\n
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\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n
获取更多RSS：
https://feedx.net
https://feedx.site
", + "category": "", + "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783409", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "知乎", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "bc8faf1affd814d3f0e346483d295dae", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "老虎舔冰块直接刮下一堆冰渣，它的舌头有多锋利？被老虎舔一下可能造成什么后果？", "description": "
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我之前就回答过，如果和人打，老虎可能用舌头都能赢。倒不是它的舌头有多锋利，而是上面的“倒刺”很有意思。老虎哪怕是出于善意，往人脸上轻轻舔上那么一小口，人都会遭不住。

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一、先介绍一下老虎的舌头和上面的“倒刺”

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1.老虎舌头上的“倒刺”是什么，有没有杀伤力？

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老虎舌头上的这种倒刺，正儿八经的名字叫“丝状乳头”，是密集分布于舌头上的角质化突起，硬度与人类指甲相似。

\n

大家不妨想象一下：如果不小心被“川渝暴龙”长长的指甲刮一下我们都有可能挂彩，何况是这种状如针尖和钩刺般的“指甲”呢，其伤害力和“川渝暴龙”比起来，简直就是真正的霸王龙级别。

\n

而且，不只是老虎，很多猫科动物，如像猫、猞猁、雪豹、金钱豹等的舌头上，也有类似的“倒刺”，结构大同小异。

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就倒刺的分布而言，在舌根和舌头的边缘位置倒刺较少、较小、较软，在舌头中间部位则较多、较大、较硬。

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2.老虎舌上“倒刺”的主要用途是什么？

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但是，老虎却不是用这玩意儿来杀伤，而是主要用来辅助进食。

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老虎吃东西的时候，有些肉会黏在猎物的骨头上，难用牙齿直接咬下来。这时候，舌头上的倒刺就派上了用场。它们就像一把把小刮刀，帮助老虎轻轻地把黏在骨头上的肉刮下来，让老虎吃得更干净、更满足。

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另外，还可以用来梳理（清理）毛发‌。这时候，倒刺会像梳子般游走于毛发之间，清除寄生虫、刮去灰尘，维护皮肤健康。‌‌

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比如，用来清理自己↓

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或用来清理幼崽↓

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额~~~，图放错了，重来↓

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或者，相互清理↓

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当然，唾液也能通过倒刺的空腔输送至表面，兼具清洁和降温功能，就像二哈那样吐舌散热。

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前面讲过，倒刺在舌头中间多而硬，在边缘少儿软，所以，估计它们在辅助进食时，中部用得多一些，舔小宝宝和清理毛发时，边缘用得较多。

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二、再重申一下老虎的威慑力

\n

大家千万不要以为，老虎就舌头厉害。其实，无论是体型、掌爪、身法，老虎样样都顶尖，人类（包括其他大多数陆生哺乳动物）在它面前，都弱得一批。

\n

要知道，有威慑力的老虎，可不是这玩意儿↓

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也不是这种状态↓

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而是，这样的大家伙↓

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它的压迫感满满，光是气势这块，就没输过谁。

\n

1.老虎的体型比我们想象中大很多

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俗话说，“骂架看嗓门，打架看块头”。老虎的块头很大的，据说雄性东北虎体长最大可达 3.7 米、体重最大可达 423 千克。连最小苏门答腊虎雄虎体长都可达 2.34 米、体重可达 136 千克。这种体型，可不是人能抗衡的。它们的站立高度一般都有 2 至 3 米。‌‌‌‌

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瞧瞧这体型和高度↓

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再看看这个↓

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在这样的大家伙面前，在这样大的体型差距下，人类还能有什么胜算？

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2.老虎的掌（爪）是它们的致命武器

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对老虎来说，“嘴是一扇门，全靠爪打人”，没错，它们的看家本领就是爪（掌）击。

\n
据说，东北虎的掌力比狮子还大 10％左右，居猫科动物之冠。成年雄性东北虎掌力可达 1000 千克左右，成年雌性东北虎也可达 800-900 千克左右。
\n

因此，老虎的爪趾虽然不能像人那样握紧成拳来进行攻击，但仅凭一对有力的掌（爪）就足以击败（甚至灭杀）大多数陆地哺乳动物。

\n

先看看它们自己击掌友谊赛的力度和速率

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再看看它们锋利的爪子

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再看看他们掌虐狮子有多轻松，一掌拍歪狮子头。人的头在它面前，估计软得就像红烧“狮子头”。

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再来，三下五除二，掌服你个“软狮（柿）子”

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3.老虎的身法也是矫健无比

\n

它们上天可打鸟

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下水可捉鱼

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额~~~，又错了，换一张

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甚至还可以潜入水底

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立定跳远，能轻松越过小河

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纵身一跃，接近“两三层楼那么高”

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这种身法，人在他面前就像块木头那样呆，像个蜗牛那么慢。

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打不过，也别想着跑。老虎的速度最高可达 72-88 公里 / 小时，“世界上最快的男人”博尔特 100 米竞赛记录是 9 秒 58(约 36 公里 / 小时)，在老虎面前也弱得一批。千万别试图在他面前逃跑，当它瞄准你飞扑过来时，你最好祈祷它那巴掌扇得温柔一点。

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查看知乎讨论
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\n\n\n\n", @@ -7472,6 +6724,28 @@ "hash": "a3d9f8c210dca65f2c4f19d6c23c2559", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "我撸猫撸得她舒舒服服的为啥突然咬我？", + "description": "
\"头图\"/
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谢邀，这属于猫的「抚摸型攻击」。

\n

这种动物行为确实很违反人类世界的常理，

\n

但也许并不违背动物世界的常理。

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（该图片由 Chris Abney 在 Unsplash 上发布）
\n

（一）这只猫属于「抚摸型攻击」

\n

问题中说：猫被摸了明明很享受，我们假定题主是正确的，猫确实「很享受」，那么在人类看来这就特别地反常理：

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如果被摸坏了、摸疼了，有反抗行为尚可理解其因果；那怎么被摸好了还会发动攻击？

\n

但也许在动物的世界中，这其实并不矛盾。

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（该图片由 Lena Koval 在 Unsplash 上发布）
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抚摸型攻击（petting-ralated aggression）[1]，

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或称「抚摸诱发型攻击」（petting-induced aggression）[2][3][4]，意指：猫在被人抚摸的过程中，对人所发动的攻击[1]。

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上面这个「定义」虽然看起来有点废话文学的味道，但其实蕴含着一个矛盾的地方，那就是：

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既然猫已经接受了被人抚摸

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（往往还表现出乐于被抚摸[3]，例如问题中的猫就被认为「明明很享受」），

\n

那又为什么还会突然「翻脸」呢？

\n

〔反之，如果猫在一开始就拒绝接触、完全不给摸，则通常归类为其他的攻击类型，如：恐惧 / 防卫型攻击（fear/defensive aggression）[1][3]〕

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（该图片由 Alex Uslkov 在 Unsplash 上发布）
\n

这个问题，目前我们了解得还不够深入，所以只能够提出一些假设，来解释「抚摸型攻击」的成因。

\n

（二）哪些原因可能导致抚摸型攻击？（1）是不是有猫病？——感觉过敏综合征

\n

疾病和疼痛会诱发猫的攻击行为[1][5]，因此，当猫表现出反常的攻击性时，我们首先要排除病理因素，病理问题若得不到解决，再高明的行为训练手段，往往也无济于事。

\n

例如，猫的甲状腺功能亢进（hyperthyroidism）和退行性关节病（degenerative joint disease，DJD；或称变性关节病）都可能导致猫不愿被抚摸、攻击性增强[6][7][8]。

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（该图片购自图虫创意｜图文无关）
\n

还有感觉过敏综合征

\n

（hyperesthesia syndrome）[1]。

\n

所谓「感觉过敏」，可以大致理解为「感觉过度敏感」；对健康个体而言，只能产生轻微感觉（或不适感）的微弱刺激，在感觉过敏者身上，却能引起难以忍受的疼痛，类似这样的现象，就称之为「感觉过敏」（hyperesthesia）[9][10]。

\n

猫的感觉过敏综合征包括一系列复杂的行为表现[1]；例如，抓咬自身躯干和四肢的自我伤害行为[1][11][12]，以及对人的触碰十分敏感、显示出攻击性等。

\n

发作轻微或偶发，可能并不需要治疗[1]。

\n

但猫的感觉过敏综合征可能与癫痫有关[13]，因此依然值得重视。

\n

此外，猫的被毛及室内环境比较干燥时，抚摸可能产生静电[14]，这也是一个与疼痛相关的因素。

\n

（2）摸的时间太长了？——谢谢，够了，请停下

\n

猫乐于被人抚摸的天性，很可能源自猫的异体理毛（allogrooming）行为[15][16][17]。

\n

猫总体上偏独居，但仍具有一定社会性，互相蹭头、用梳子般的舌头给对方理毛，这些都是猫咪之间友好社会行为的体现。

\n
\"\"
（该图片由 Ayelt van Veen 在 Unsplash 上发布）
\n

猫会享受人的抚摸，这很可能就是猫与猫之间互相舔梳、理毛行为的延伸。

\n

当猫咪互相舔梳时，通常是由舔的一方来终止这个过程[4]，但我们经常也可以观察到，被舔的一方突然发动攻击来终止这一过程，就算是猫妈妈，都有可能把幼猫给舔「烦」了，甚至幼猫可能还会攻击猫妈妈（当然这时小不点幼猫的攻击，对猫妈妈来说无关痛痒）。

\n

而我们人类在抚摸猫时，往往可能持续过长的时间，于是，上文所述的、发生在猫与猫之间的这一幕，就会发生在猫与人之间，被抚摸的猫通过攻击行为，来终止过长时间的抚摸。

\n

（3）瞌睡与震惊——我是谁？我在哪？

\n

另有一种假说认为，当人类的抚摸令猫感到舒适和愉快时，猫可能就会进入浅睡状态，渐渐失去了对身边环境的感知[4]，当猫突然惊醒，就可能会感到自己被一只手给「按住了」，猫为了摆脱控制，于是就发动了攻击。

\n
\"\"
（该图片由 Sbringser 在 Pixabay 上发布）
\n

如果你也被猫咪「喜怒无常」的行为困扰着，希望这篇回答可以帮你解惑~

\n
\"\"
（该图片由 Paul Hanaoka 在 Unsplash 上发布）
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\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", + "content": "
\"头图\"/
\n

谢邀，这属于猫的「抚摸型攻击」。

\n

这种动物行为确实很违反人类世界的常理，

\n

但也许并不违背动物世界的常理。

\n
\"\"
（该图片由 Chris Abney 在 Unsplash 上发布）
\n

（一）这只猫属于「抚摸型攻击」

\n

问题中说：猫被摸了明明很享受，我们假定题主是正确的，猫确实「很享受」，那么在人类看来这就特别地反常理：

\n

如果被摸坏了、摸疼了，有反抗行为尚可理解其因果；那怎么被摸好了还会发动攻击？

\n

但也许在动物的世界中，这其实并不矛盾。

\n
\"\"
（该图片由 Lena Koval 在 Unsplash 上发布）
\n

抚摸型攻击（petting-ralated aggression）[1]，

\n

或称「抚摸诱发型攻击」（petting-induced aggression）[2][3][4]，意指：猫在被人抚摸的过程中，对人所发动的攻击[1]。

\n

上面这个「定义」虽然看起来有点废话文学的味道，但其实蕴含着一个矛盾的地方，那就是：

\n

既然猫已经接受了被人抚摸

\n

（往往还表现出乐于被抚摸[3]，例如问题中的猫就被认为「明明很享受」），

\n

那又为什么还会突然「翻脸」呢？

\n

〔反之，如果猫在一开始就拒绝接触、完全不给摸，则通常归类为其他的攻击类型，如：恐惧 / 防卫型攻击（fear/defensive aggression）[1][3]〕

\n
\"\"
（该图片由 Alex Uslkov 在 Unsplash 上发布）
\n

这个问题，目前我们了解得还不够深入，所以只能够提出一些假设，来解释「抚摸型攻击」的成因。

\n

（二）哪些原因可能导致抚摸型攻击？（1）是不是有猫病？——感觉过敏综合征

\n

疾病和疼痛会诱发猫的攻击行为[1][5]，因此，当猫表现出反常的攻击性时，我们首先要排除病理因素，病理问题若得不到解决，再高明的行为训练手段，往往也无济于事。

\n

例如，猫的甲状腺功能亢进（hyperthyroidism）和退行性关节病（degenerative joint disease，DJD；或称变性关节病）都可能导致猫不愿被抚摸、攻击性增强[6][7][8]。

\n
\"\"
（该图片购自图虫创意｜图文无关）
\n

还有感觉过敏综合征

\n

（hyperesthesia syndrome）[1]。

\n

所谓「感觉过敏」，可以大致理解为「感觉过度敏感」；对健康个体而言，只能产生轻微感觉（或不适感）的微弱刺激，在感觉过敏者身上，却能引起难以忍受的疼痛，类似这样的现象，就称之为「感觉过敏」（hyperesthesia）[9][10]。

\n

猫的感觉过敏综合征包括一系列复杂的行为表现[1]；例如，抓咬自身躯干和四肢的自我伤害行为[1][11][12]，以及对人的触碰十分敏感、显示出攻击性等。

\n

发作轻微或偶发，可能并不需要治疗[1]。

\n

但猫的感觉过敏综合征可能与癫痫有关[13]，因此依然值得重视。

\n

此外，猫的被毛及室内环境比较干燥时，抚摸可能产生静电[14]，这也是一个与疼痛相关的因素。

\n

（2）摸的时间太长了？——谢谢，够了，请停下

\n

猫乐于被人抚摸的天性，很可能源自猫的异体理毛（allogrooming）行为[15][16][17]。

\n

猫总体上偏独居，但仍具有一定社会性，互相蹭头、用梳子般的舌头给对方理毛，这些都是猫咪之间友好社会行为的体现。

\n
\"\"
（该图片由 Ayelt van Veen 在 Unsplash 上发布）
\n

猫会享受人的抚摸，这很可能就是猫与猫之间互相舔梳、理毛行为的延伸。

\n

当猫咪互相舔梳时，通常是由舔的一方来终止这个过程[4]，但我们经常也可以观察到，被舔的一方突然发动攻击来终止这一过程，就算是猫妈妈，都有可能把幼猫给舔「烦」了，甚至幼猫可能还会攻击猫妈妈（当然这时小不点幼猫的攻击，对猫妈妈来说无关痛痒）。

\n

而我们人类在抚摸猫时，往往可能持续过长的时间，于是，上文所述的、发生在猫与猫之间的这一幕，就会发生在猫与人之间，被抚摸的猫通过攻击行为，来终止过长时间的抚摸。

\n

（3）瞌睡与震惊——我是谁？我在哪？

\n

另有一种假说认为，当人类的抚摸令猫感到舒适和愉快时，猫可能就会进入浅睡状态，渐渐失去了对身边环境的感知[4]，当猫突然惊醒，就可能会感到自己被一只手给「按住了」，猫为了摆脱控制，于是就发动了攻击。

\n
\"\"
（该图片由 Sbringser 在 Pixabay 上发布）
\n

如果你也被猫咪「喜怒无常」的行为困扰着，希望这篇回答可以帮你解惑~

\n
\"\"
（该图片由 Paul Hanaoka 在 Unsplash 上发布）
\n
\n
\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783418", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Fri, 22 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "知乎", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "23e28fe727c5b4daa4023510de585abd", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "大洋中有无人岛，那么大沙漠中是否有无人绿洲?", "description": "
\"头图\"/
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有。

\n

而且很多。

\n
\"\"
塔里木河尾闾湖台特玛湖
\n

因为，人这种物种，看似顽强，实则，和动植物相比，对生存环境的要求还是很高的。

\n

大沙漠中，有很多有水，有草，有树，有动物的区域，因为种种现实条件限制，人类无法定居。

\n

比如说，沙漠内部内流河的尾闾湖。

\n
\"\"
石羊河尾闾湖青土湖
\n

绿洲本意是在大尺度的荒漠里，小范围内，具有一定规模的生物群落，相对比较稳定，具有明显的小气候的区域。

\n

内流河的尾闾湖中，有很多深处大沙漠中，有稳定的生物群落，有茂盛的植物（芦苇，胡杨林，红柳等），多样的动物（水鸟，啮齿类动物），有比沙漠更湿润的小气候。

\n

但是，因为水源是季节性的，不稳定的水源，或者因为水质较差，因此人类无法（不愿）在此定居。

\n

比如台特玛湖。

\n
\"\"
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\"\"
\n

台特玛湖是塔里木河和车尔臣河共同的尾闾湖，位置在若羌县城以北大约 100 里。

\n

台特玛湖深居我国第一大沙漠，塔克拉玛干沙漠内部。

\n

目前台特玛湖在丰水期，水域面积大约在 88 平方千米，大约相当于 13 个西湖。

\n

曾经因为塔里木河和车尔臣河流域内截流灌溉，河流断流，台特玛湖在上个世纪的后半段，曾经长时间干涸。

\n

在 2000 年后，因为车尔臣河水量增加，塔里木河流域内水利调度，生态输水，台特玛湖逐渐恢复。

\n

沙漠地区只要是有水，植被会很快恢复。

\n

随之恢复的是动物种群。

\n

目前台特玛湖监测到的鸟类，有白鹭、赤麻鸭、鸬鹚、野鸭、红嘴鸥、灰鹤、文须雀等近 30 种鸟类。

\n
\"\"
\n

动植物对环境的变化总是敏感的。

\n

而且，绿洲对小气候的影响也是显而易见的。

\n

随之台特玛湖的恢复，绿洲内沙尘天数降低，大风强度下降，空气湿度上升。

\n

但是这样有水，有草，有鸟的区域并不适合人类居住。

\n
\"\"
\n

一来，因为没有足够的水源供农业生产。

\n

这里的水本就是塔里木河和车尔臣河流域内，压缩农业生产省下来的水，是为了恢复生态用的。

\n

二来，有水，也是季节性的。

\n

夏秋季，塔里木河和车尔臣河处于汛期时，才会有水流入台特玛湖。

\n

其余季节并没有多余的水。

\n

三来，即便其它季节湖内仍有积水，但是，内流湖盐碱度普遍高。

\n

偏咸的水体，耐盐碱的植物能够适应生长，湿地水鸟也能够适应并愉快栖息，人类却不能饮用，也不能用这样的水灌溉。

\n

所以啊，人类的适应性，比动植物差很多。

\n

当然了，只是不能定居和生产，去旅游或者从 G218 上开车经过的人还是挺多的。

\n
\"\"
\n

这种情况算不算无人绿洲，见仁见智吧！

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查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", @@ -7494,6 +6768,28 @@ "hash": "7c0d4990073455f0210bedf1717a7f76", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "瞎扯 · 如何正确地吐槽", + "description": "
\"头图\"/
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@冷红 ：换成这个骑行可能大家感官上会更好一些。
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@三两老友面加煎蛋 ： 2025 年 7 月 4 日下午 2 时，武汉街头。甲乙二人各自行走时，甲突然将乙推到在地并向其播撒盐、孜然、辣椒面，时间长达五分钟，期间反复翻滚乙的身体。请问甲的行为涉嫌以下哪个选项（) A. 故意伤害 B. 故意杀人 C. 非法经营烧烤食品 D. 占道经营
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@潘小地 ：能推荐一下你老婆看的小说有哪些吗？最近有点书荒了……
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@Sakura ：我们部门我自己招的新同学，名字叫师马懿，当时就看中他为人忠厚老实，名字特别。
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@JokerLiao ：上课的时候老师想锻炼我们即兴演讲， 60 秒随机来人任何主题无所谓结构随便说，但是不能出现 emmm 和 just 或者 like ， 结果全班四十多个人，被抽上去三十多个，除了老师和助教，只有一个母语不是英文的中国人成功了……
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\n

 

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\n
\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n", + "content": "
\"头图\"/
\n
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\n
@冷红 ：换成这个骑行可能大家感官上会更好一些。
\n
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\"\"\n
 
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@三两老友面加煎蛋 ： 2025 年 7 月 4 日下午 2 时，武汉街头。甲乙二人各自行走时，甲突然将乙推到在地并向其播撒盐、孜然、辣椒面，时间长达五分钟，期间反复翻滚乙的身体。请问甲的行为涉嫌以下哪个选项（) A. 故意伤害 B. 故意杀人 C. 非法经营烧烤食品 D. 占道经营
\n
\n
\n\n
\n
\n
@潘小地 ：能推荐一下你老婆看的小说有哪些吗？最近有点书荒了……
\n
\n
\n\n
\n
\n
@Sakura ：我们部门我自己招的新同学，名字叫师马懿，当时就看中他为人忠厚老实，名字特别。
\n
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\"\"\n
 
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@JokerLiao ：上课的时候老师想锻炼我们即兴演讲， 60 秒随机来人任何主题无所谓结构随便说，但是不能出现 emmm 和 just 或者 like ， 结果全班四十多个人，被抽上去三十多个，除了老师和助教，只有一个母语不是英文的中国人成功了……
\n
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\n

 

\n
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\n\n\n
\n\n\n\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783375", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Thu, 21 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "知乎", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "ffdcb7adabc73586693d2e22207c66c6", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "生物可以合成纤维，也可以合成塑料，那么能不能长出复合材料的支撑结构？", "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

能。刚好一大学的录取通知书中有蘑菇纸，其关键——「菌丝体」就是一种复合材料支撑结构。

\n

什么是菌丝体？

\n
菌菇类的菌丝在基质中或培养基上蔓延伸展，反复分枝网状成菌丝群，通称菌丝体[1]。
\n
\"\"
一种菇类的菌丝体外观
\n
\"\"
菌丝体三维结构示意图
\n

这个菌丝体很有意思，在一定条件下可以利用其三维立体网状结构将植物纤维紧密粘黏在一起，构成一种天然的植物纤维符合材料。这种材料绿色、环保、可降解，可以应用在包装、服装、建筑材料等领域。

\n
\"\"
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\"\"
一种菌类的菌丝与纤维制成的复合材料应用构想
\n

这种菌丝体复合材料的概念是怎么来的呢？

\n

2007 年，大漂亮国的研究团队首先提出了一种菌丝体复合材料的概念：

\n
自然界中广泛存在的真菌能利用秸秆、木屑、稻壳等作为基质，形成血管状分枝的三维立体网络结构的菌丝体。这种网状菌丝体就像黏合剂一样，将不连续的植物纤维紧密结合在一起，形成一种天然的生物复合材料。这种菌丝体复合材料对环境友好、绿色，可再生，有着广泛的用途[2]。
\n

在国内，吉林农业大学的科研团队经过大量的试验，甄选出一种灵芝菌种作为培养菌丝的基体，用果糖作为主要营养物质，把培养出的灵芝菌丝增强玉米秸秆的纤维，制备出了一种菌丝增强符合材料，并通过热压成型等工艺将复合材料制成板材或薄如纸张的材料（如录取通知书内页等）[3]。

\n
\"\"
\n

这就是最近比较火的「菌菇纸」通知书的由来。这种纸本质上是一种菌丝增强复核材料，只不过它的原材料均为天然材质，且未经过传统造纸工艺，也未添加化学试剂，所以它绿色、环保、天然，理论上也可以吃。

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查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", @@ -7516,6 +6812,28 @@ "hash": "40f276790bd9e7f2713162d5c14af1db", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "为什么音乐能瞬间改变情绪，而文字需要时间消化？", + "description": "
\"头图\"/
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这个问题来得真及时！作为一个从大学时代就开始淘打口 CD 的老听众，对音乐和情绪这个话题确实积累了不少想法。从音乐理论到神经科学我都算不上专业，更多是基于个人体验的观察和思考，说得不对的地方还请各位指正。

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PS：文中提及的曲目基本各大音乐 APP 上都能找到。没控制住写得过长，不妨先收藏。码字不易，若读过后喜欢，请点个喜欢

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音乐和语言的两条路线

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音乐和语言在大脑里也许走的是不同的路线。

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音乐处理更像是多通道并行——听觉皮层直接处理音高、节奏、音色的同时，边缘系统（杏仁核、海马体）几乎同步激活。整个过程主要由右脑负责，偏向整体性、直觉性的处理。

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而语言处理是序列化解码——必须经过语音识别→词汇提取→语法分析→语义理解这样一步步来，主要依赖左脑的布洛卡区和韦尼克区，得按时间顺序逐步构建意义。

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简言之，音乐走\"快车道\"，语言走\"慢车道\"。

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所以除非本身关注点就在歌词上（比如我们听万青的作品，最有嚼头的就是歌词），日常随意播着扫一耳朵的情况下，旋律确实可能比歌词更容易触动情感。

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这里面一个可能的关键差异，我觉得是\"语境\"的表达方式不太一样。

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音乐的语境相对直接。你听到的那种忧伤、激昂、宁静的情绪，很大程度上通过声音的物理特性就传达给你了。

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而歌词的语境则需要更多层处理：先理解字面意思，再结合上下文，最后才能提取出情感内容。这个认知链条一长，那种瞬间的情感冲击力就容易被稀释。

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一个听众的进化简史：从音色开始

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下面分享自己的体验。

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我的音乐偏好变化是从人声到纯器乐。

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大学那阵特别迷爵士女声。那时候网络还不发达，天天吃着《音像世界》\"天碟落地\"专栏的安利去淘 CD。那时被什么打动呢？肯定不是歌词——Diana Krall 唱英语我听不懂，小野丽莎唱日语更听不懂。

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琢磨了一下，迷恋的应该是各种有质感和辨识性的音色：

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Billie Holiday 那种沙哑磁性，Ella Fitzgerald 的丝绸般光滑，Nina Simone 的深沉厚重，每一种音色就像不同的情感滤镜，即使听不懂歌词，那种忧郁、温暖或激情也能瞬间传达过来。

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\"\"
Billie Holiday
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为独特音色加成的，是歌手的语感——表面上在唱歌，本质上是利用声音讲故事。这涉及到咬字的轻重缓急、停顿的恰到好处、换气时机的巧妙安排，甚至包括某个音节的微妙处理。

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而语感，比唱功更传递情绪。

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西方歌手里有两位我认为语感极佳的代表：

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首推 Stacey Kent，她咬字极其考究，每个词都像经过精心雕琢，那种轻柔但清晰的发音让人仿佛听到丝绸摩擦的质感。作为少见的现场表现胜过录音棚的歌手，仔细听一下她这首音乐会版本的《It Might as Well Be Spring》，你会发现她在面对乌压压的听众时反而能把普通的句子唱出更多微妙层次。

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Stacey Kent 这张现场录音特别值得一听
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另一位是 Michael Bublé。他对句子的处理继承了 Frank Sinatra 那种对话风格但更自然，就像在跟你面对面聊天一样。他的停顿和重音处理特别有音乐剧感，能让一首爵士标准曲目听起来像在你耳边摩挲的全新作品。

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Michael Bublé的成名同名录音专辑
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对应到华语乐坛，达到同档次的天赋语感选手有两个代表：孙燕姿和陈奕迅。

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孙燕姿不用多说了，她的语感体现在对中文字调的天然敏感上，能把普通话的四声变化和旋律线条完美融合，从不会有字不达意或感觉在“读”的违和感。

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重点说下陈奕迅。他无论唱粤语还是国语，都能用咬字吐字的细节变化传达丰富的情感层次。一个简单的转音、一次刻意的颤抖、一个突然的气声处理，都能让整首歌的情感重心发生转移。这种对声音质感的精准又自如的控制，让他即便唱别人的歌也能唱出自己的故事。更重要的是，他的语感不单单体现在运用能力，还透露出很强的私人审美，在华语圈数一数二。

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陈奕迅 2014 年这套专辑是我心目中他的最佳
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随着年龄增长，慢慢的，我的口味开始转向纯器乐爵士。没有了人声，自然更没歌词什么事了。

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但奇怪的是，纯音乐反而更容易沉进去。我有段时间甚至会去比较不同钢琴手的触键质感，这种差异当时比旋律本身更吸引我。

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比如 Thelonious Monk 那种有意“显拙”的触键——他的音符有种刺刺的、棱角分明的质感，每个音都像是被不小心砸在键盘上，带着一种不羁的个性；而相比之下，Bill Evans 的触键则轻巧得像羽毛，充满了内省感、空间感和呼吸感。

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\"\"
Bill Evans
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同样都是从音色中感受情感，相比人声，我觉得器乐音色能让人更微妙地感受到演奏者的个性和情感状态。因为这时候的乐手事实上是个表达欲爆棚的\"哑巴\"——想表达的一切感受只能通过手指在键盘上的动作，通过每一次触键的力度、角度、时机来传达。

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在这个层面上，纯音乐可以理解成是情感本身的物理化呈现。它绕过了语言理解的复杂过程，直接用声音的物理特性来雕刻情感。

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也许这就是为什么有时纯音乐比带歌词的歌曲更能瞬间击中人心——因为它走的是那条更原始、更直接的情感通道。

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节奏：比旋律更原始的情感

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下面说个特别容易被忽视的元素——节奏，或者说律动（严格来说两个概念有差异，这里就不细究了）。

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节奏是人类最本能的音乐语言。

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在远古时代，当第一个人类开始用木棒敲击石头或树干时，那种有规律的声音模式就已经在调动着同伴们的肢体反应。不需要什么文化熏陶，不需要音乐素养，鼓点一响，部落里的人就会忍不住跟着摆动——那是身体将被激发的情感无修饰表达出来了。

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记得第一次听《Hotel California》（加州旅馆）1994 年 MTV 不插电现场版，被吸引的不是那段后来人人烂熟于心的吉他 solo，而是 intro 过后 Don Henley 插入的那段手鼓。那种鼓皮微微震动带来的享受很难说清——不是兴奋，不是激动，就是一种\"对，就是这样\"的舒适感。

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\"\"
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拍打手鼓不像机械节拍器那样精确，而是带着人独有的微妙波动，就像真实的心跳一样会有细微的不规则和扩展收缩时差。

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这种\"有机感\"可能正是真实乐器比那些精致的 MIDI 更能触动我的原因。所以直到现在，虽然也会听各种制作特别顶的电音和合成器作品（比如《星际穿越》的 ost，极优秀），但更偏爱的始终是真人演奏的原声乐器。

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说回节奏变化，有时它甚至比调性变化更能瞬间转情绪。

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比如哈利波特电影那段以音乐盒开场的主题旋律（据说 John Williams 在餐厅吃饭时在餐巾纸上随手写的），大家都很熟悉吧？

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后来 Scott Bradlee's Postmodern Jukebox 做过一个爵士改编版本。同样的旋律，当原来 4/4 拍变成跳脱的 swing feel 时，整首曲子瞬间从\"英雄史诗\"变成了\"深夜酒吧\"的氛围。

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这种情感转换的感知效率明显比唱一段段词高。

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《Harry Potter Jazz Variations》（Scott Bradlee）
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另一个例子是我特别喜欢的《Por Una Cabeza》。原版是 Carlos Gardel 那种招牌的阿根廷探戈，2/4 拍的节奏紧凑有力，充满了激情和戏剧张力，每一个重拍都像是舞者的脚步在地板上敲击。

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《Por Una Cabeza》（Carlos Garde 原版）
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但有一次意外听到韩国吉他手朴朱元的版本，被惊艳到了。从专辑名《Time Of Gypsy》（吉普赛时光）就能看出，这不仅是将探戈的紧凑 2/4 拍变成古典吉他的自由节拍，还加入了吉普赛音乐那种游牧式的随性律动。这么一改造，整首曲子从\"优雅有力的舞厅探戈\"变成了\"篝火旁的吟游诗人独白\"。两个版本都是单曲循环不会腻的那种，大家可以找来对比听听。

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《Time Of Gypsy》（朴朱元）
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节奏之所以能这么直接地影响情绪，可能是因为它最接近我们身体的生物本能反应。曾和一个做音乐的朋友聊起这些感觉，他的解释颇有启发：各种节奏都是在拓扑心跳、呼吸、步行。

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再分得细些，听一首歌时，旋律需要大脑处理音高关系，和声需要预测进行走向，但节奏直接就是速度变化的感知，和我们的生物钟、心跳节律在同一个频道上对话。

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由于这种原始性，一首曲子即使旋律弱，只要节奏变化恰当而丰富，也更可能瞬间改变我们的情绪状态。

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根源音乐：我们情感旋律的根

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原始性是我们情感的根，有的音乐就是绕着根部长起来的。

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你大概也遇到过那种虽然完全陌生，但一听到就能马上沉进去、不需要什么知识储备或个人经验作为铺垫的旋律吧——这就是属于你的根源音乐。

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我内心深处的根源音乐，是布鲁斯。

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不是今天那些越来越偏向炫技、结构复杂的现代爵士布鲁斯或节奏布鲁斯（R&B），而是早期最质朴甚至很套路化的传统布鲁斯。

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这种音乐可以说是从棉花田里长出来的，通常只有 19 世纪末 20 世纪初美国南部的非裔奴隶和佃农在棉花田、铁路工地、监狱里干活时才会哼唱。

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这些人大多不识字，更没受过什么音乐训练，他们需要的是一大帮子人一歇下来就能凑一起发泄内心的痛苦、思念、希望和绝望，哪怕没唱过跟着哼几次就能加入的音乐。

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所以根源音乐最大的的特点是无需文化解码。

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就像我们文化中的根源有纤夫号子、采茶山歌、陕北信天游一样，布鲁斯最初也是劳动人民发明出来宣泄情感的。不同的是，它承载的是水深火热世界更深重的历史创伤，因此显得格外向外释放（情绪化），语言免修饰（粗口多），话题包容性极强（管得宽），上到命运（键政）下到生活（八卦），凡事皆可布鲁斯。

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如果用我们这里的主流价值观看，这些聚众花式吐槽妥妥都是负能量（甚至有违法嫌疑），但那种\"call and response\"（呼唤与回应）的形式，原本就来自非洲传统音乐和教堂圣歌，一个人唱出痛苦，其他人用和声安慰。

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《布鲁斯之根》（New World Records）
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New World Records 网站上免费分享了一批早期民间录音片段，对最原生态的布鲁斯感兴趣的小伙伴可以听听看（预防针：不悦耳，但保真）：

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https://www.newworldrecords.org/products/roots-of-the-blues

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布鲁斯给人的共鸣感来自其草根互助的基因。呼唤与回应的形式让它从一开始就不是孤独的个人表达，而是集体的情感分担——即使是最深的痛苦，也有人在倾听，有人在回应。

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比如 Muddy Waters 的《Mannish Boy》里就能清楚听到这种形式。Muddy 先唱出\"I'm a man\"（俺这么个糙汉子啊），然后吉他和口琴就像其他声音一样回应他，仿佛在说\"嗯呐，你是\"。还有更典型的 Lead Belly 的《Goodnight Irene》，那种一唱众和的感觉就像是一群人围坐篝火，一个人诉说心事，其他人用\"嗯嗯，俺们懂\"\"哎哟喂，可不是嘛\"这样的声音给予共鸣和安慰。

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《Mannish Boy》（Muddy Waters）
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后来和一些乐手朋友聊天——什么路子的都有，古典的、摇滚的、民谣的——那些玩得特别好的，都说自己会经常回去听各种根源音乐，布鲁斯是绕不开的其中之一。

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如果要用理论来解释，它用的是人类最古老的声音表达：除了那个呼唤与回应的结构，还有那些能直接触发情感反应的蓝调音符（blue notes）——主要是降三度、降五度、降七度。这些音符在任何文化背景下都能唤起一种说不清的忧伤或渴望，就像某种共性情感的原型。

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更有特点的是布鲁斯的不完美。古典音乐理论追求和谐，但布鲁斯故意用那些先不和谐再圆过来的音程连接来体现一开始的自说自话到被理解回应的动态情绪共鸣过程。那种介于大调和小调之间的模糊地带，也正好对应了人类情感的复杂性——既有痛苦也有希望，既有绝望也有坚韧。

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从布鲁斯口琴开始情感之旅

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好吧，我花了这么多笔墨介绍布鲁斯，就是想安利你试试看。

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怎么听呢？推荐从布鲁斯口琴的纯音乐开始。

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这种口琴和我们小时候学的复音口琴是两种乐器。复音口琴是 19 世纪从德国发明，经俄国传入中国的，每个音有两个簧片同时发声，追求明亮清脆的音色，很适合演奏《送别》、《茉莉花》这类民歌民谣。

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而布鲁斯口琴（通常是十孔单簧片）是老美本土的东西，专为表达复杂情感而生。

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Hohner 是最知名的专业布鲁斯口琴品牌之一
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它独特的压音（bending）技巧就是要故意让音符带上哭腔般的滑音效果，模拟人类最原始的情感表达——哭泣、叹息、呻吟时的声音特征。当你听到那种从正常音高滑落到更低音高的声音时，大脑中处理情感的原始区域会瞬间被激活，因为那就是我们从婴儿时期就熟悉的\"痛苦\"声音模式。

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布鲁斯口琴作品旋律性都很突出。先推两首很容易入耳的曲子：法国口琴大师 Jean-Jacques Milteau 的《Fragile》和《Blue 3rd》。

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前者让你感受那种脆弱而坚韧的矛盾情感——音符有时轻得像要断掉但韧性十足，通过压音技巧制造出的\"哭腔\"效果来表现用力压抑心碎的情绪；后者则是通过纯熟气息来控制音色和快速节奏变化，制造一种特别流畅欢脱的听感。这两首，一首社恐一首社牛，都能甩开理性直接激发情感参与。

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牛逼的布鲁斯口琴曲巨多，不多推了。如果你被击中会自己去发掘的。

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《Blue 3rd》（Jean-Jacques Milteau）
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如果你想感受一下融合了音色、节奏、旋律的现代风格作品，我会推荐 Joe Strummer & The Mescaleros 的《Mondo Bongo》。它收录在 2001 年那张《Global a Go-Go》专辑中，被评价为\"折衷主义的多元文化音乐\"，也被选作《史密斯夫妇》电影配乐，OST 里能找到。

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这是一首非常有特色的融合作品：以雷鬼节奏为基底，融入了拉丁、非洲等多种来源的根音乐元素。由于大量使用原声乐器，音色质感特别棒，那种自然原生的听感就是前面提到的\"有机感\"。

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《Global a Go-Go》（Joe Strummer & The Mescaleros）
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再推一首跨界的融合作品——马友友和 Bobby McFerrin 合作的《Hush》。Bobby McFerrin 你大概也知道，就是那个能用嘴巴模拟各种乐器、创造出整个乐队效果的人声即兴鬼才，最出名的就是《Don't Worry Be Happy》。

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《Hush》这首曲子特别有意思，因为它展现了两种完全不同音乐背景的艺术家是如何找到共同语言的。马友友温暖、有机的大提琴音色和极其自如的节奏把控，配上 Bobby 那种既可以是旋律、又可以是节奏、甚至可以是和声的人声创作，创造出一种一呼一应、一应一和的对话效果，听起来很是调皮，像两个互相欣赏的老朋友在抬杠。

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《Hush》(马友友和 Bobby McFerrin)
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我把这首也视为根源音乐，虽然不符合音乐史理论上的定义，但符合自己认为的特点——没有复杂的编曲或炫技，就是搬个板凳在旁边围观一场质朴本真的即兴表演的感觉。

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上面推荐的这些作品，从早期布鲁斯到现代融合，它们都有种根源性的力量，能让你更直观地感受到为什么音乐比语言更能直达内心——它们连接的是我们作为人类这个物种共同拥有的那些本能情感。

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调性的魔法

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说到情感转换，音乐的调性是不能不提一下的。

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我乐理只略知点皮毛。有次向一个专业乐手朋友请教调性的情感特质，他也不多废话，直接手写了一张《生日快乐》的小调转换版。我当时正在学钢琴，照着谱子一弹，立刻就明白了调性的威力。

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同样的旋律从大调转小调，整曲画风从”庆祝”秒变”哀悼”，《生日快乐歌》成了《生日不快乐歌》。转换如此直观，无需额外解释。

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网上搜了一张小调的《生日不快乐歌》谱
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然后我请他弹了些更复杂的转调版本，还拿了自己听得贼熟的大曲子求他弹各种变调版（不得不说爵士乐手基本功是真的强，随心所欲转调变调跟玩似的）。总之，那天下午过得无比欢乐。

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可以说调性就像音乐的情感基因，比文字中的语调更加精确和持久。

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更微妙的还有各种调式——多利亚调式既有小调的忧郁又带着希望光亮，弗里吉亚调式有异域神秘感，混合里第亚调式比大调更开放自由。比如 Miles Davis 的《So What》用的多利亚调式，在忧郁中保持着优雅；Bill Evans 的《Waltz for Debby》在大调中又带着微妙的小调色彩。这几首有兴趣的都可以搜着听听看。

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Miles Davis 里程碑式的《So What》
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音乐情绪编码可能的三层结构

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基于自身体验，我猜想音乐的情绪编码是分层的：

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第一层：生理共振

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节奏直接影响心率和呼吸频率，音色的泛音结构触发身体共鸣，动态变化模拟情感的起伏波动。这是最直截了当的反应，几乎不需要大脑处理。

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第二层：原始情感映射

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调性和音程关系激活我们进化过程中形成的情感反应模式。特定音色（比如布鲁斯口琴的哭腔）直接连接人类最原始的情感表达方式，某些节奏模式能唤起深藏在身体里的记忆。这层反应绕过了认知加工，直达情感中枢。

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第三层：文化与个人记忆

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这才是我们通常以为的音乐感受来源——特定曲目关联的个人经历，文化约定俗成的情感含义，通过学习积累的音乐经验。但个人认为这可能是比较表层的部分。

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所以当问\"为什么音乐能瞬间改变情绪\"时，综合以上我的看法是：音乐不像文字那样需要经过复杂的认知加工过程，而是通过多个层面同时作用于我们，其中很多路径都是直达情感中枢的快车道。

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当然，以上都是个人的观察和理解，肯定有不准确的地方。

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音乐和情感的关系本来就很复杂，涉及神经科学、心理学、文化人类学等多个领域。但正是这种复杂性让音乐变得如此迷人——它可能是你我日常体验里能接触到的最接近魔法的东西了。

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补充更新：有知友希望推些容易听的布鲁斯入坑，先介绍下面几个吧。

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Buddy Guy - 《Aint No Sunshine》
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如果你从未听过布鲁斯，不妨先试试 Buddy Guy 版本的《Ain't No Sunshine》，看看这种音乐是否符合你的口味。这首经典的灵魂布鲁斯还曾被收录在 2000 年的电影《诺丁山》（Notting Hill）原声带中，以其深刻描绘的失落与孤独而闻名，讲述了一个人在失去爱人后所经历的痛苦与绝望。

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这歌是易入耳的现代风格。他还有一首《What Kind Of Woman Is This?》更流行风，也很棒，一起推荐。

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要是你听完后觉得还不错，那就可以继续探索啦。

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《Midnight Blue》（Tinsley Ellis）
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Tinsley Ellis 的风格与 Eric Clapton 非常相似，同样也是个有神技的顶尖吉他手，solo 时辨识度很高。我认为他的音乐也相对符合现代听众的口味，门槛低。

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整张《Midnight Blue》专辑都表现出色，其中最推荐的曲目是《Kiss Of Death》。这首歌充满力量与激情，犹如一个中年人在坦诚讲述自己的爱情与失落的故事，就像一杯烈酒，浓烈而易醉。

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B.B. King -《The Thrill Is Gone》
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接下来进入大师环节。这些作品都很古早也更原汁原味，但对现代听众可能需要习惯一下。

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首先是 B.B. King，响当当的布鲁斯之王。许多人虽然没听过他的音乐，但不妨碍听到这个名字时感到如雷贯耳（奇葩说：我也有一份功劳！）。

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他的代表作之一《The Thrill Is Gone》是一首关于接受挚爱已别的经典之作，洒脱而不乏细腻的情感表达，是糙汉柔情的最佳写照。歌曲中的吉他 solo 部分被视为几乎所有布鲁斯和爵士乐手必扒的学习材料，而他的爱琴\"Lucille\"更是成为了象征布鲁斯精神的谜因。

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Howlin Wolf - 《Smokestack Lightning》
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Howlin' Wolf 是布鲁斯早期的开创者之一，以其粗犷的嗓音和强烈的表演风格而闻名。

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《Smokestack Lightning》是他 1956 年的经典曲目。看这个时间就知道，对于我们这些现代听众来说，这是首陈旧、飘浮着古老灰尘的歌。未必十分悦耳，但能充分感受原始的布鲁斯味。

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Koko Taylor《Wang Dang Doodle》
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Koko Taylor 被誉为布鲁斯女王，以其强有力的嗓音和充满灵魂感的演唱风格而闻名。《Wang Dang Doodle》是一首律动丰富、旋律抓耳的古早舞曲，告诉人们布鲁斯并不总是苦大仇深，听着就像在小酒馆里和朋友们欢聚，端着杯子边喝边一起踩着木地板摇摆。

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一些扩展阅读：

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「闻到清新的皂味，总会想起小时候在老家」香味为什么会影响我们的情绪？你记忆中有「特别的味道」吗？

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为什么我们会在虚构的游戏中体验「真实的情感」？这种情感是完全「虚拟」的吗？为什么我无法理解音乐美术等艺术？为什么人在自然里待久了，会觉得内心突然变「轻」了？是环境在治愈情绪，还是自然本身有特殊的能量场？哪部影视或文学作品记录了你生活的城市，并深深影响了你对这座城市的感情？文学作品是如何捕捉城市的「声音」？如果把 emo 当作一种情绪管理策略，它是健康的吗？

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欢迎到【独处充电站】逛逛。在那里，我们互相启发独处的艺术，分享充电的喜悦

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独处充电站

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如果你想系统学习如何更好地和自己相处，欢迎订阅《高质量独处手册》专栏 ⬇️

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高质量独处手册

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我是@鸣戈，Flowtalk的奶爸。如果喜欢这个回答，欢迎下方订阅专栏「鸣戈说」⬇️

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查看知乎讨论
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\"头图\"/
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这个问题来得真及时！作为一个从大学时代就开始淘打口 CD 的老听众，对音乐和情绪这个话题确实积累了不少想法。从音乐理论到神经科学我都算不上专业，更多是基于个人体验的观察和思考，说得不对的地方还请各位指正。

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PS：文中提及的曲目基本各大音乐 APP 上都能找到。没控制住写得过长，不妨先收藏。码字不易，若读过后喜欢，请点个喜欢

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音乐和语言的两条路线

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音乐和语言在大脑里也许走的是不同的路线。

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音乐处理更像是多通道并行——听觉皮层直接处理音高、节奏、音色的同时，边缘系统（杏仁核、海马体）几乎同步激活。整个过程主要由右脑负责，偏向整体性、直觉性的处理。

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而语言处理是序列化解码——必须经过语音识别→词汇提取→语法分析→语义理解这样一步步来，主要依赖左脑的布洛卡区和韦尼克区，得按时间顺序逐步构建意义。

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简言之，音乐走\"快车道\"，语言走\"慢车道\"。

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所以除非本身关注点就在歌词上（比如我们听万青的作品，最有嚼头的就是歌词），日常随意播着扫一耳朵的情况下，旋律确实可能比歌词更容易触动情感。

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这里面一个可能的关键差异，我觉得是\"语境\"的表达方式不太一样。

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音乐的语境相对直接。你听到的那种忧伤、激昂、宁静的情绪，很大程度上通过声音的物理特性就传达给你了。

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而歌词的语境则需要更多层处理：先理解字面意思，再结合上下文，最后才能提取出情感内容。这个认知链条一长，那种瞬间的情感冲击力就容易被稀释。

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一个听众的进化简史：从音色开始

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下面分享自己的体验。

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我的音乐偏好变化是从人声到纯器乐。

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大学那阵特别迷爵士女声。那时候网络还不发达，天天吃着《音像世界》\"天碟落地\"专栏的安利去淘 CD。那时被什么打动呢？肯定不是歌词——Diana Krall 唱英语我听不懂，小野丽莎唱日语更听不懂。

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琢磨了一下，迷恋的应该是各种有质感和辨识性的音色：

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Billie Holiday 那种沙哑磁性，Ella Fitzgerald 的丝绸般光滑，Nina Simone 的深沉厚重，每一种音色就像不同的情感滤镜，即使听不懂歌词，那种忧郁、温暖或激情也能瞬间传达过来。

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Billie Holiday
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为独特音色加成的，是歌手的语感——表面上在唱歌，本质上是利用声音讲故事。这涉及到咬字的轻重缓急、停顿的恰到好处、换气时机的巧妙安排，甚至包括某个音节的微妙处理。

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而语感，比唱功更传递情绪。

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西方歌手里有两位我认为语感极佳的代表：

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首推 Stacey Kent，她咬字极其考究，每个词都像经过精心雕琢，那种轻柔但清晰的发音让人仿佛听到丝绸摩擦的质感。作为少见的现场表现胜过录音棚的歌手，仔细听一下她这首音乐会版本的《It Might as Well Be Spring》，你会发现她在面对乌压压的听众时反而能把普通的句子唱出更多微妙层次。

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Stacey Kent 这张现场录音特别值得一听
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另一位是 Michael Bublé。他对句子的处理继承了 Frank Sinatra 那种对话风格但更自然，就像在跟你面对面聊天一样。他的停顿和重音处理特别有音乐剧感，能让一首爵士标准曲目听起来像在你耳边摩挲的全新作品。

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Michael Bublé的成名同名录音专辑
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对应到华语乐坛，达到同档次的天赋语感选手有两个代表：孙燕姿和陈奕迅。

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孙燕姿不用多说了，她的语感体现在对中文字调的天然敏感上，能把普通话的四声变化和旋律线条完美融合，从不会有字不达意或感觉在“读”的违和感。

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重点说下陈奕迅。他无论唱粤语还是国语，都能用咬字吐字的细节变化传达丰富的情感层次。一个简单的转音、一次刻意的颤抖、一个突然的气声处理，都能让整首歌的情感重心发生转移。这种对声音质感的精准又自如的控制，让他即便唱别人的歌也能唱出自己的故事。更重要的是，他的语感不单单体现在运用能力，还透露出很强的私人审美，在华语圈数一数二。

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陈奕迅 2014 年这套专辑是我心目中他的最佳
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随着年龄增长，慢慢的，我的口味开始转向纯器乐爵士。没有了人声，自然更没歌词什么事了。

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但奇怪的是，纯音乐反而更容易沉进去。我有段时间甚至会去比较不同钢琴手的触键质感，这种差异当时比旋律本身更吸引我。

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比如 Thelonious Monk 那种有意“显拙”的触键——他的音符有种刺刺的、棱角分明的质感，每个音都像是被不小心砸在键盘上，带着一种不羁的个性；而相比之下，Bill Evans 的触键则轻巧得像羽毛，充满了内省感、空间感和呼吸感。

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Bill Evans
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同样都是从音色中感受情感，相比人声，我觉得器乐音色能让人更微妙地感受到演奏者的个性和情感状态。因为这时候的乐手事实上是个表达欲爆棚的\"哑巴\"——想表达的一切感受只能通过手指在键盘上的动作，通过每一次触键的力度、角度、时机来传达。

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在这个层面上，纯音乐可以理解成是情感本身的物理化呈现。它绕过了语言理解的复杂过程，直接用声音的物理特性来雕刻情感。

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也许这就是为什么有时纯音乐比带歌词的歌曲更能瞬间击中人心——因为它走的是那条更原始、更直接的情感通道。

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节奏：比旋律更原始的情感

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下面说个特别容易被忽视的元素——节奏，或者说律动（严格来说两个概念有差异，这里就不细究了）。

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节奏是人类最本能的音乐语言。

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在远古时代，当第一个人类开始用木棒敲击石头或树干时，那种有规律的声音模式就已经在调动着同伴们的肢体反应。不需要什么文化熏陶，不需要音乐素养，鼓点一响，部落里的人就会忍不住跟着摆动——那是身体将被激发的情感无修饰表达出来了。

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记得第一次听《Hotel California》（加州旅馆）1994 年 MTV 不插电现场版，被吸引的不是那段后来人人烂熟于心的吉他 solo，而是 intro 过后 Don Henley 插入的那段手鼓。那种鼓皮微微震动带来的享受很难说清——不是兴奋，不是激动，就是一种\"对，就是这样\"的舒适感。

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拍打手鼓不像机械节拍器那样精确，而是带着人独有的微妙波动，就像真实的心跳一样会有细微的不规则和扩展收缩时差。

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这种\"有机感\"可能正是真实乐器比那些精致的 MIDI 更能触动我的原因。所以直到现在，虽然也会听各种制作特别顶的电音和合成器作品（比如《星际穿越》的 ost，极优秀），但更偏爱的始终是真人演奏的原声乐器。

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说回节奏变化，有时它甚至比调性变化更能瞬间转情绪。

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比如哈利波特电影那段以音乐盒开场的主题旋律（据说 John Williams 在餐厅吃饭时在餐巾纸上随手写的），大家都很熟悉吧？

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后来 Scott Bradlee's Postmodern Jukebox 做过一个爵士改编版本。同样的旋律，当原来 4/4 拍变成跳脱的 swing feel 时，整首曲子瞬间从\"英雄史诗\"变成了\"深夜酒吧\"的氛围。

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这种情感转换的感知效率明显比唱一段段词高。

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《Harry Potter Jazz Variations》（Scott Bradlee）
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另一个例子是我特别喜欢的《Por Una Cabeza》。原版是 Carlos Gardel 那种招牌的阿根廷探戈，2/4 拍的节奏紧凑有力，充满了激情和戏剧张力，每一个重拍都像是舞者的脚步在地板上敲击。

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《Por Una Cabeza》（Carlos Garde 原版）
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但有一次意外听到韩国吉他手朴朱元的版本，被惊艳到了。从专辑名《Time Of Gypsy》（吉普赛时光）就能看出，这不仅是将探戈的紧凑 2/4 拍变成古典吉他的自由节拍，还加入了吉普赛音乐那种游牧式的随性律动。这么一改造，整首曲子从\"优雅有力的舞厅探戈\"变成了\"篝火旁的吟游诗人独白\"。两个版本都是单曲循环不会腻的那种，大家可以找来对比听听。

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《Time Of Gypsy》（朴朱元）
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节奏之所以能这么直接地影响情绪，可能是因为它最接近我们身体的生物本能反应。曾和一个做音乐的朋友聊起这些感觉，他的解释颇有启发：各种节奏都是在拓扑心跳、呼吸、步行。

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再分得细些，听一首歌时，旋律需要大脑处理音高关系，和声需要预测进行走向，但节奏直接就是速度变化的感知，和我们的生物钟、心跳节律在同一个频道上对话。

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由于这种原始性，一首曲子即使旋律弱，只要节奏变化恰当而丰富，也更可能瞬间改变我们的情绪状态。

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根源音乐：我们情感旋律的根

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原始性是我们情感的根，有的音乐就是绕着根部长起来的。

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你大概也遇到过那种虽然完全陌生，但一听到就能马上沉进去、不需要什么知识储备或个人经验作为铺垫的旋律吧——这就是属于你的根源音乐。

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我内心深处的根源音乐，是布鲁斯。

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不是今天那些越来越偏向炫技、结构复杂的现代爵士布鲁斯或节奏布鲁斯（R&B），而是早期最质朴甚至很套路化的传统布鲁斯。

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这种音乐可以说是从棉花田里长出来的，通常只有 19 世纪末 20 世纪初美国南部的非裔奴隶和佃农在棉花田、铁路工地、监狱里干活时才会哼唱。

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这些人大多不识字，更没受过什么音乐训练，他们需要的是一大帮子人一歇下来就能凑一起发泄内心的痛苦、思念、希望和绝望，哪怕没唱过跟着哼几次就能加入的音乐。

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所以根源音乐最大的的特点是无需文化解码。

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就像我们文化中的根源有纤夫号子、采茶山歌、陕北信天游一样，布鲁斯最初也是劳动人民发明出来宣泄情感的。不同的是，它承载的是水深火热世界更深重的历史创伤，因此显得格外向外释放（情绪化），语言免修饰（粗口多），话题包容性极强（管得宽），上到命运（键政）下到生活（八卦），凡事皆可布鲁斯。

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如果用我们这里的主流价值观看，这些聚众花式吐槽妥妥都是负能量（甚至有违法嫌疑），但那种\"call and response\"（呼唤与回应）的形式，原本就来自非洲传统音乐和教堂圣歌，一个人唱出痛苦，其他人用和声安慰。

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《布鲁斯之根》（New World Records）
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New World Records 网站上免费分享了一批早期民间录音片段，对最原生态的布鲁斯感兴趣的小伙伴可以听听看（预防针：不悦耳，但保真）：

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https://www.newworldrecords.org/products/roots-of-the-blues

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布鲁斯给人的共鸣感来自其草根互助的基因。呼唤与回应的形式让它从一开始就不是孤独的个人表达，而是集体的情感分担——即使是最深的痛苦，也有人在倾听，有人在回应。

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比如 Muddy Waters 的《Mannish Boy》里就能清楚听到这种形式。Muddy 先唱出\"I'm a man\"（俺这么个糙汉子啊），然后吉他和口琴就像其他声音一样回应他，仿佛在说\"嗯呐，你是\"。还有更典型的 Lead Belly 的《Goodnight Irene》，那种一唱众和的感觉就像是一群人围坐篝火，一个人诉说心事，其他人用\"嗯嗯，俺们懂\"\"哎哟喂，可不是嘛\"这样的声音给予共鸣和安慰。

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《Mannish Boy》（Muddy Waters）
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后来和一些乐手朋友聊天——什么路子的都有，古典的、摇滚的、民谣的——那些玩得特别好的，都说自己会经常回去听各种根源音乐，布鲁斯是绕不开的其中之一。

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如果要用理论来解释，它用的是人类最古老的声音表达：除了那个呼唤与回应的结构，还有那些能直接触发情感反应的蓝调音符（blue notes）——主要是降三度、降五度、降七度。这些音符在任何文化背景下都能唤起一种说不清的忧伤或渴望，就像某种共性情感的原型。

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更有特点的是布鲁斯的不完美。古典音乐理论追求和谐，但布鲁斯故意用那些先不和谐再圆过来的音程连接来体现一开始的自说自话到被理解回应的动态情绪共鸣过程。那种介于大调和小调之间的模糊地带，也正好对应了人类情感的复杂性——既有痛苦也有希望，既有绝望也有坚韧。

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从布鲁斯口琴开始情感之旅

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好吧，我花了这么多笔墨介绍布鲁斯，就是想安利你试试看。

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怎么听呢？推荐从布鲁斯口琴的纯音乐开始。

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这种口琴和我们小时候学的复音口琴是两种乐器。复音口琴是 19 世纪从德国发明，经俄国传入中国的，每个音有两个簧片同时发声，追求明亮清脆的音色，很适合演奏《送别》、《茉莉花》这类民歌民谣。

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而布鲁斯口琴（通常是十孔单簧片）是老美本土的东西，专为表达复杂情感而生。

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Hohner 是最知名的专业布鲁斯口琴品牌之一
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它独特的压音（bending）技巧就是要故意让音符带上哭腔般的滑音效果，模拟人类最原始的情感表达——哭泣、叹息、呻吟时的声音特征。当你听到那种从正常音高滑落到更低音高的声音时，大脑中处理情感的原始区域会瞬间被激活，因为那就是我们从婴儿时期就熟悉的\"痛苦\"声音模式。

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布鲁斯口琴作品旋律性都很突出。先推两首很容易入耳的曲子：法国口琴大师 Jean-Jacques Milteau 的《Fragile》和《Blue 3rd》。

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前者让你感受那种脆弱而坚韧的矛盾情感——音符有时轻得像要断掉但韧性十足，通过压音技巧制造出的\"哭腔\"效果来表现用力压抑心碎的情绪；后者则是通过纯熟气息来控制音色和快速节奏变化，制造一种特别流畅欢脱的听感。这两首，一首社恐一首社牛，都能甩开理性直接激发情感参与。

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牛逼的布鲁斯口琴曲巨多，不多推了。如果你被击中会自己去发掘的。

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《Blue 3rd》（Jean-Jacques Milteau）
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如果你想感受一下融合了音色、节奏、旋律的现代风格作品，我会推荐 Joe Strummer & The Mescaleros 的《Mondo Bongo》。它收录在 2001 年那张《Global a Go-Go》专辑中，被评价为\"折衷主义的多元文化音乐\"，也被选作《史密斯夫妇》电影配乐，OST 里能找到。

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这是一首非常有特色的融合作品：以雷鬼节奏为基底，融入了拉丁、非洲等多种来源的根音乐元素。由于大量使用原声乐器，音色质感特别棒，那种自然原生的听感就是前面提到的\"有机感\"。

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《Global a Go-Go》（Joe Strummer & The Mescaleros）
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再推一首跨界的融合作品——马友友和 Bobby McFerrin 合作的《Hush》。Bobby McFerrin 你大概也知道，就是那个能用嘴巴模拟各种乐器、创造出整个乐队效果的人声即兴鬼才，最出名的就是《Don't Worry Be Happy》。

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《Hush》这首曲子特别有意思，因为它展现了两种完全不同音乐背景的艺术家是如何找到共同语言的。马友友温暖、有机的大提琴音色和极其自如的节奏把控，配上 Bobby 那种既可以是旋律、又可以是节奏、甚至可以是和声的人声创作，创造出一种一呼一应、一应一和的对话效果，听起来很是调皮，像两个互相欣赏的老朋友在抬杠。

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《Hush》(马友友和 Bobby McFerrin)
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我把这首也视为根源音乐，虽然不符合音乐史理论上的定义，但符合自己认为的特点——没有复杂的编曲或炫技，就是搬个板凳在旁边围观一场质朴本真的即兴表演的感觉。

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上面推荐的这些作品，从早期布鲁斯到现代融合，它们都有种根源性的力量，能让你更直观地感受到为什么音乐比语言更能直达内心——它们连接的是我们作为人类这个物种共同拥有的那些本能情感。

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调性的魔法

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说到情感转换，音乐的调性是不能不提一下的。

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我乐理只略知点皮毛。有次向一个专业乐手朋友请教调性的情感特质，他也不多废话，直接手写了一张《生日快乐》的小调转换版。我当时正在学钢琴，照着谱子一弹，立刻就明白了调性的威力。

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同样的旋律从大调转小调，整曲画风从”庆祝”秒变”哀悼”，《生日快乐歌》成了《生日不快乐歌》。转换如此直观，无需额外解释。

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网上搜了一张小调的《生日不快乐歌》谱
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然后我请他弹了些更复杂的转调版本，还拿了自己听得贼熟的大曲子求他弹各种变调版（不得不说爵士乐手基本功是真的强，随心所欲转调变调跟玩似的）。总之，那天下午过得无比欢乐。

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可以说调性就像音乐的情感基因，比文字中的语调更加精确和持久。

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更微妙的还有各种调式——多利亚调式既有小调的忧郁又带着希望光亮，弗里吉亚调式有异域神秘感，混合里第亚调式比大调更开放自由。比如 Miles Davis 的《So What》用的多利亚调式，在忧郁中保持着优雅；Bill Evans 的《Waltz for Debby》在大调中又带着微妙的小调色彩。这几首有兴趣的都可以搜着听听看。

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Miles Davis 里程碑式的《So What》
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音乐情绪编码可能的三层结构

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基于自身体验，我猜想音乐的情绪编码是分层的：

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第一层：生理共振

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节奏直接影响心率和呼吸频率，音色的泛音结构触发身体共鸣，动态变化模拟情感的起伏波动。这是最直截了当的反应，几乎不需要大脑处理。

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第二层：原始情感映射

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调性和音程关系激活我们进化过程中形成的情感反应模式。特定音色（比如布鲁斯口琴的哭腔）直接连接人类最原始的情感表达方式，某些节奏模式能唤起深藏在身体里的记忆。这层反应绕过了认知加工，直达情感中枢。

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第三层：文化与个人记忆

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这才是我们通常以为的音乐感受来源——特定曲目关联的个人经历，文化约定俗成的情感含义，通过学习积累的音乐经验。但个人认为这可能是比较表层的部分。

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所以当问\"为什么音乐能瞬间改变情绪\"时，综合以上我的看法是：音乐不像文字那样需要经过复杂的认知加工过程，而是通过多个层面同时作用于我们，其中很多路径都是直达情感中枢的快车道。

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当然，以上都是个人的观察和理解，肯定有不准确的地方。

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音乐和情感的关系本来就很复杂，涉及神经科学、心理学、文化人类学等多个领域。但正是这种复杂性让音乐变得如此迷人——它可能是你我日常体验里能接触到的最接近魔法的东西了。

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补充更新：有知友希望推些容易听的布鲁斯入坑，先介绍下面几个吧。

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Buddy Guy - 《Aint No Sunshine》
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如果你从未听过布鲁斯，不妨先试试 Buddy Guy 版本的《Ain't No Sunshine》，看看这种音乐是否符合你的口味。这首经典的灵魂布鲁斯还曾被收录在 2000 年的电影《诺丁山》（Notting Hill）原声带中，以其深刻描绘的失落与孤独而闻名，讲述了一个人在失去爱人后所经历的痛苦与绝望。

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这歌是易入耳的现代风格。他还有一首《What Kind Of Woman Is This?》更流行风，也很棒，一起推荐。

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要是你听完后觉得还不错，那就可以继续探索啦。

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《Midnight Blue》（Tinsley Ellis）
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Tinsley Ellis 的风格与 Eric Clapton 非常相似，同样也是个有神技的顶尖吉他手，solo 时辨识度很高。我认为他的音乐也相对符合现代听众的口味，门槛低。

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整张《Midnight Blue》专辑都表现出色，其中最推荐的曲目是《Kiss Of Death》。这首歌充满力量与激情，犹如一个中年人在坦诚讲述自己的爱情与失落的故事，就像一杯烈酒，浓烈而易醉。

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B.B. King -《The Thrill Is Gone》
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接下来进入大师环节。这些作品都很古早也更原汁原味，但对现代听众可能需要习惯一下。

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首先是 B.B. King，响当当的布鲁斯之王。许多人虽然没听过他的音乐，但不妨碍听到这个名字时感到如雷贯耳（奇葩说：我也有一份功劳！）。

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他的代表作之一《The Thrill Is Gone》是一首关于接受挚爱已别的经典之作，洒脱而不乏细腻的情感表达，是糙汉柔情的最佳写照。歌曲中的吉他 solo 部分被视为几乎所有布鲁斯和爵士乐手必扒的学习材料，而他的爱琴\"Lucille\"更是成为了象征布鲁斯精神的谜因。

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Howlin Wolf - 《Smokestack Lightning》
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Howlin' Wolf 是布鲁斯早期的开创者之一，以其粗犷的嗓音和强烈的表演风格而闻名。

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《Smokestack Lightning》是他 1956 年的经典曲目。看这个时间就知道，对于我们这些现代听众来说，这是首陈旧、飘浮着古老灰尘的歌。未必十分悦耳，但能充分感受原始的布鲁斯味。

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Koko Taylor《Wang Dang Doodle》
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Koko Taylor 被誉为布鲁斯女王，以其强有力的嗓音和充满灵魂感的演唱风格而闻名。《Wang Dang Doodle》是一首律动丰富、旋律抓耳的古早舞曲，告诉人们布鲁斯并不总是苦大仇深，听着就像在小酒馆里和朋友们欢聚，端着杯子边喝边一起踩着木地板摇摆。

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一些扩展阅读：

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「闻到清新的皂味，总会想起小时候在老家」香味为什么会影响我们的情绪？你记忆中有「特别的味道」吗？

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为什么我们会在虚构的游戏中体验「真实的情感」？这种情感是完全「虚拟」的吗？为什么我无法理解音乐美术等艺术？为什么人在自然里待久了，会觉得内心突然变「轻」了？是环境在治愈情绪，还是自然本身有特殊的能量场？哪部影视或文学作品记录了你生活的城市，并深深影响了你对这座城市的感情？文学作品是如何捕捉城市的「声音」？如果把 emo 当作一种情绪管理策略，它是健康的吗？

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欢迎到【独处充电站】逛逛。在那里，我们互相启发独处的艺术，分享充电的喜悦

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独处充电站

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如果你想系统学习如何更好地和自己相处，欢迎订阅《高质量独处手册》专栏 ⬇️

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高质量独处手册

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我是@鸣戈，Flowtalk的奶爸。如果喜欢这个回答，欢迎下方订阅专栏「鸣戈说」⬇️

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查看知乎讨论
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\n\n\n\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783391", + "creator": "", + "pubDate": "Thu, 21 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", + "enclosure": "", + "enclosureType": "", + "image": "", + "id": "", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "知乎", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "69779ec405ddbcfe2032e215e036b0dd", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "为什么圣旨不值钱？", "description": "
\"头图\"/
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先说结论：题主对于“高价”的定义标准实在过于苛刻。首先要明确，在文物艺术品市场上书画、瓷器属于艺术品，而圣旨通常被归类为文献典籍。文献典籍的价格天然就要低于艺术品。其次确实有卖上千万的书画、瓷器，但它们在整个市场上也属于凤毛麟角，而且这些能卖上千万的书画、瓷器必然有其特别过人之处，尤其在稀有性以及艺术性的体现上。

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明 成化 斗彩鸡缸杯 HK 苏富比 2014 年春拍 2.8 亿释出 龙美术馆收藏

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晋 王羲之 草书《平安帖》中国嘉德 2010 年秋拍 3.08 亿释出 龙美术馆收藏

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宋 陈容 《六龙图》NY 佳士得 2017 年春拍约人民币 3 亿（4896.75 万美元）释出 龙美术馆收藏

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而存世能交易的圣旨，绝大多数的珍稀性就一般，更遑论其艺术性了，因此自然不会出现上千万成交价的圣旨。但坦率来说，我认为目前市场上类似下面这样的圣旨，其成交价格已经不算低了，至少绝对不是题主所谓的“不值钱”。

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清 乾隆庚辰（1760）圣旨诰命 LD 佳士得 2017 年 5 月 72.66 万释出

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明 万历八年（1580）圣旨诰命 上海博古斋 2016 年春拍 71.3 万释出

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以下对“圣旨”展开做些介绍与讨论，以便读者能更好地理解为什么圣旨在市场上只能卖这个价。

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圣旨是中国封建社会皇帝制、诏、诰、敕、谕、旨、批等命令的总称。现社会上流传的所谓“圣旨”，多为明清皇帝封赠官员及其先人、妻室的诰命与敕命。诰命 / 敕命是皇帝对臣僚或赐予官阶或封赠爵号并赋予一定特权的凭证文书，生者为封，死者为赠，按照授予对象不同的品级，以不同的材料进行缮写，即所谓“封赠制度”。

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由于目前市场上所能见到的诰命 / 敕命都属于明、清两代的制品，因此我也只对这一时期的“封赠制度”加以说明。

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通常来说，接受封赠的人员包括以下四类：一、宗室及外戚；二、文武官员；三、边疆少数民族领袖或宗教领袖；四、藩属国的宗室。但现实市场上，我们能遇到的圣旨基本都来自第二类人员，这就注定了其文献价值高度有限。

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文武官员接受封赠的条件，明代通常是三年考满合格，个别时期严格点可能还要求有相应的政绩。清代在基本沿袭明代惯例的基础上，还对有功绩的官员额外有封赠。而不同品级的官员接受封赠的次数还不相同，明清两代循例“一品封赠三代，二、三品封赠二代，四品至七品封赠一代，八、九品只封赠本人”。这也意味着伴随仕途的迁升，官员会不断被“封赠”，潜台词也就是存世诰命 / 敕命的数量不会太少，尤其是清代中晚期以后的此类制品。而数量多也意味着其稀缺性有限。

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我之前发了一条想法，里面便提到仅这个人的诰命，文保所就保存了一套共四件。

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崇祯诰命

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此外，明清两代的诰命形制虽然不同，但都遵循品级越高，材质越好这一规律。而市场上流通的圣旨基本都属于中低级官员，这也就意味着其材料本身就比较普通。加之存世绝大部分的圣旨都属于清代中晚期，国力的衰退更导致其制作上的粗疏，精美程度也随之大打折扣。

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对比下面两件清代不同时期的诰命，很容易就能区分出材质精美程度的不同。

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清 乾隆三十六年 圣旨诰命 北京保利 2013 春季拍卖会 55.2 万释出

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清 光绪二十五年圣旨诰命 上海博海 2013 秋季拍卖会 3.45 万释出

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最后提一点，诰命 / 敕命是属于个人色彩极其鲜明的文物，与之类似的还有被称为祖容像的画作。这种极具私密属性的文物，在中国人传统观念里，多少都带有忌讳的色彩，甚至会不可避免地与死亡相联系，故而其并不为绝大多数收藏者所喜好（圣旨相对祖容画还好一些），这自然也影响到了它们在市场的流通性与成交价格。

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比如下面这种画作，虽然画得很精彩；虽然外国人无所谓；虽然我本人是无神论者；虽然我本人是文博专业出身对之有相应的知识储备且专业从事中国书画交易二十余年，但让我掏钱，我肯定不会买！哪怕送我我都不要，而且会很严肃地告诉送礼者，你给我折现，哪怕打个折！

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祖容像

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查看知乎讨论
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\n\n\n\n", @@ -7538,28 +6856,6 @@ "hash": "774b8eba327eb5578a35bead1b94e3ac", "highlights": [] }, - { - "title": "历史上还有哪些称得上「魅魔」的人物？", - "description": "
\"头图\"/
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哦，那必然是

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康熙他八儿子·雍正他八弟·八阿哥·贤得是时候·廉亲王·胤禩。

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根据不完全统计，他前前后后魅惑过的人有：

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一、亲兄弟若干1.大阿哥胤褆

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大阿哥是个能从传教士骂到亲伯父的无敌超雄，脑子不好使但极其暴躁。

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——然而老八却能跟他关系还可以。

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允禔在诸兄弟中与允禩关系较好，或许因为允禩曾被交给允禔的生母惠妃抚养过一段时间，且是康熙诸子中少见的外表柔善、谦逊之人，肯于在允禔面前做小伏低，能够和刚猛傲慢的长兄和睦。
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大阿哥这个人，他：

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幻想跟传教士 SM，把传教士吓晕：

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杜德美神父与皇子在一起时，（大）皇子对他说：“把刘应神父叫来，用鞭子好好教训他一顿，然后把他流放到鞑靼荒野去，这主意不错吧？”
when Fr. Jartoux was with the Prince, the Prince said to him: “Wouldn’t it be a good idea to summon Fr. Visdelou here, punish him with a beating, and consign him to the wilds of Tartary?”
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跟着亲伯父上战场，把亲伯父气晕：

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允禔首次出战准噶尔，身份是副将军，当时的三军主帅是他的亲伯父裕亲王福全。……可惜，允禔此行，不但未见结交什么可靠之人为生死袍泽，反而和秉性忠厚老实的伯父闹了很大矛盾：
康熙二十九年七月出兵，不到一个月，就和裕亲王“不相和谐，妄生事端”，并且“私行陈奏”，就是背地里向父皇告伯父的黑状。幸而康熙帝行事公正，并不偏信儿子，得知情况后，不顾自己丢脸，将允禔强行撤回北京，事后又百般弥合，才避免伯侄二人的矛盾完全公开化。
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跟亲妈的关系，也有点微妙：

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康熙就曾评价大阿哥胤禔“气质暴戾”，而大阿哥的母亲惠妃也曾向康熙哭诉，奏其“不孝，请置之于法”。
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结果他被爸爸痛骂不能当太子后，小伙顶着这么多不爽，大喝一声：

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我当不了那就让老八当啊！

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一废太子之后，本来在诸皇子中处于有利地位的允禔，把自己的愚昧粗狂表现得淋漓尽致。这不能不让人想起满洲政权尚在关外时的那些场景：皇太极去世后，合法性最强的皇子豪格与实力最强的皇弟多尔衮争夺大位，多尔衮假意推托谦让，母弟多铎却看着着急，当众断喝：你不当我当！允禔这一手“我当不了让老八当”，和多铎真有异曲同工之粗豪，关外遗风毕见。
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2.七阿哥胤祐

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到了雍正初年，胤禩还能哄得他七哥帮他打报告哩。

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给雍正气完了，说：

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“现在廉亲王处处学我！但凡有什么事能占便宜、钻空子，他就必然唆使允祐、允禟、允禵提出来，从中捞取好处，自己则充好人！比如允祐[1]，他都是什么时候分府的老户了，还要照此找补，这是什么体统？”

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兹廉王凡事必仿于朕，以朕为齐，凡有便宜事或稍许疏漏之事，必唆使淳王、贝子允禟、允禵提出，以捞取之，伊自己权充好人。虽为清廉王[1]，但系何时分府的老户，亦要照此找补，成何体统？
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哦，八阿哥可太魅魔……哦不对，太坏了！

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3.九阿哥胤禟

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同生共死的阿其那与塞思黑，关系自不必说。

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在胤禟的管家秦道然眼里，八阿哥简直就像是当着管账正宫的面操控杀猪盘骗钱的绿茶捞男。

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再八爷说自己穷，要九爷吩咐满丕帮盘缠，满丕应了，送了一万两，这是八爷的巧取处。
允禩也晓得允禟是庸才，其所以与他厚结的缘故，不过为他肯替允禩使钱，要借他钱财，收拾些人心，允禩每访得九流术士中有些异样的，便令心腹人招至家中，藏之密室，到打发出去的时节，便叫允禟送他银子，或一百两或二百两不等。这种人也多得紧，我时常听见送银子到允禩家里去的人向我说，所以我得知道。至于给的是什么人，我实不曾知道。
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我老公的钱啊！怎么给了你这种人！

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这都是我老公辛辛苦苦赚来的啊！！！
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到现在知乎里还有胤禟是不是被胤禩 PUA 了的问题。

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嗯，秦道然一定很想答。

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4.十阿哥胤䄉

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十阿哥的生母钮祜禄氏，是辅政大臣遏必隆之女、康熙帝继后孝昭仁皇后的亲妹妹。

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在康熙的众多皇子中，从生母地位上看，十阿哥仅次于太子，居于第二；

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而从外戚门第、势力上看，恐怕还要比太子更高一些。

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然而这样一个高贵的（？）阿哥，照样像个甜狗一样围着八哥转，被八哥蛊得晕头转向。

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还说什么：八阿哥，你是我们的主子，你可要多多照顾我们啊！

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我与塞思黑、允禵同向阿其那云：尔乃我等之主，后日须怜㸔我等。阿其那闭一目而笑。
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5.十四阿哥胤祯

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十四阿哥胤祯，跟雍正同个妈，是雍正铁打的同母亲弟弟。

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他从康熙四十七年开始，就像条甜狗一样跟着他八哥，观之十分震撼。

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在康熙锁拿允禩的时候，胤祯积极为胤禩辩护。

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老父亲气得要死，拔刀而出，差点将亲儿子当场手刃。

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康熙四十七年。九月。
壬寅。上召诸皇子入乾清宫。谕曰当废允礽之时。朕已有上□日诸阿哥中如有钻营谋为皇太子者即国之贼。法断不容。废皇太子后。允禔曾奏称允禩好。春秋之义人臣无将将则必诛。大宝岂人可妄行窥伺者耶。允禩柔奸性成、妄蓄大志朕素所深知。其党羽早相要结谋害允礽。今其事皆已败露。著将允禩锁拏交与议政处审理。皇九子允禟语皇十四子允禵云，尔我此时不言何待。允禵奏云：八阿哥无此心，臣等愿保之。上震怒。出所佩刀欲诛允禵。皇五子允祺跪抱劝止。诸皇子叩首恳求。上怒少解。命诸皇子挞允禵。将允禟、允禵逐出。　
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可怜的胤祯被兄弟们打了二十大板，被老爹轰出宫去，他依旧不改。

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甚至自负枷锁、身怀毒药，要是有什么不测，就要和八哥一块去死。

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被轰出宫去之后，允禵还不罢休，准备相约众皇子一起为允禩保奏。他还让人准备了一副枷锁，跟在被锁起来的允禩身后，以示共患难之意；甚至随身携带毒药，直到允禩被释放之日，才当众取出扔掉。
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康熙都服了，直接把他踢出宫去分府，本来皇子分配府邸会有的头一年支给食物待遇都不好。

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康熙朝惯例，阿哥分府的第一年由宫里支给食物，第二年开始靠自己。十四分府时父子关系紧张，待遇就不太好，后来出兵时关系逆转，颇受关爱，就主动要求支食物。
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他反倒自豪起来了，把自己拿命来保八阿哥这件事到处跟兄弟们说。

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胤禩也乐呵呵地答：多亏我的几个弟弟了。

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因有令阿其那相面之事，为圣祖皇帝治罪。时允禵将舍命完结之事，常常告诉臣等。阿其那亦曾告诉：当获罪时，因诸弟之帮助而受益。
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别的兄弟来看望他，要是刚刚好胤禩在，就看见他对胤禩处处照顾，让别人直呼恶俗。

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臣去允禵府第，遇有阿奇那在时，允禵对阿奇那照样行动照管者，迂俗可厌，连跟随阿奇那之太监皆格外照管。
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康熙不给他随驾，他死活偏要去，还三番两次奏请，就是要跟着去。

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康熙服了，说：看你这要死要活的劲，哪是想跟着我啊，你就是想跟着你八哥。

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皇考駕幸熱河，特㫖命允禩不論班行走，衆阿哥分為三班行走，而允禵乃抵死欲去，屢次奏請，奉皇考諭㫖：觀爾抵死欲去之意，豈欲隨朕，亦不過欲隨八阿哥去耳。後輪至第三班，特㫖令其停止，乃仍不肯遵，畢竟隨去。
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不得不说康熙说得太对了，胤祯就是想跟着他八哥。

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下次换成八阿哥在京城，他被爸爸带出去，他立刻就又不走了。

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到底是想跟着谁呢好难看出来啊。（那种语气）
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及值允禩母妃事出，於康熈五十三年夏月，留允禩在京，命帶允禵前去，而伊又設法留京，彼時允禩理宜勸止允禵，乃竟不行勸止，一任允禵屢次觸忤皇考。
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康熙发难胤禩的时候，他跟胤禩说“我们要死就一起死”。

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圣祖皇帝幸冬狩时，执阿其那之侍卫太监，将阿其那遣返时，允禵曾告诉臣言，允禵至阿其那处言称：我等死则一起死。等语。
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康熙不给别人去见胤禩，他偷偷去不说，还要帮别人打招呼，别人说要是被康熙听见了对谁都不好啊，他嘿嘿一笑说：是啊！

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奉圣祖皇帝谕旨：阿其那惑乱众心，意行甚奸，著逐出不令再见之。钦此。其后，允禵隐瞒圣祖皇帝，仍潜往阿其那处不断。允禵曾传话称，见阿其那时，问臣好。等语。时臣言：虽有亲临问好之意，但圣祖皇帝闻之，对谁都不好。等语。时允禵微笑言：是。
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八阿哥给他写了封信，央求他用手底下某人，他立马就对此人另眼相看了。

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那木札尔称，安王给老爷送一信，云云。我当即拆开来信，内开，吾已央求八阿哥曰：吾门下副都统宗札布，现在军营，请转求十四阿哥，若能照顾，请多关照。八阿哥已央求十四阿哥。云云。自我收到此信之后，观察其情，允禵已另眼看待我。
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四哥的圣旨他不跪，八阿哥出来只说他该跪，他一句话没说，扑通一声跪下了。

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阿其那见众人共议允禵之非。乃向允禵云，汝应下跪。便寂然无声而跪。不遵皇上谕旨。止重阿其那一言。结党背君，公然无忌。
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不仅如此，他俩还直接结为契友了。

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谈论不惜自己互相照顾为大义时，阿其那此辈已互相结为契友。
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《雍正王朝》里他俩塑料得要命，回看历史雍正帝自己给胤祯列的所谓十四项大罪，前三条每条都是几个大字：

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你 和 胤 禩 太 近 了

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1. 允禵性质狂悖。与阿其那尤相亲密。圣祖仁皇帝于二阿哥之案。将阿其那拏问时。召入众阿哥。谕以阿其那谋夺东宫之罪。现交议政究审。允禵与塞思黑、同向圣祖仁皇帝之前。允禵奏云、阿其那并无此心。若将阿其那问罪。我等愿与同罪。圣祖仁皇帝震怒。拔佩刀欲杀允禵。经允祺力劝稍解。将允禵重加责惩。与塞思黑一并逐出。众所共知者一也。
2. 康熙四十八年夏、圣祖仁皇帝避暑口外。恐伊等聚党生事。止令阿其那跟随行走。允禵敝帽故衣。坐小车。装作贩卖之人。私送出口。日则潜踪而随。夜则至阿其那帐房歇宿。密语通霄。踪迹诡异。众所共知者一也。
3. 圣祖仁皇帝知允禵昏愚狂妄。必生事端。因遣往军前。使不得朋匪为恶。而允禵与阿其那、塞思黑、密信往来。曾无间断。机计莫测。众所共知者一也。
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6.其实还有一个兄弟也堕其术中

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但我要卖个关子，暂按不表。

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二、亲爹

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别看后面父子二人闹得那么僵，其实八儿子从小把亲爹蛊得不要不要的。

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在亲爹眼里，八阿哥从小开始，就对才艺展示颇有一些天赋。

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二十六年六月，康熙帝带领7 岁的允禩与其他几位较其稍长的皇子，来到皇太子允礽的书房，让他们分别在诸大臣前诵读经书。
允禩等人以次近前，各读数篇，童音朗朗，舒缓纯熟。康熙帝倍感欣慰，诸臣赞叹不已。
是年八月，允禩第一次随康熙帝巡幸塞外，在此次随扈皇子中年龄最小。
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他十二岁时，随着两位哥哥前往山东祭孔，这时又展现了相看马匹的天赋。

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康熙帝舍去较允禩年长的皇五子允祺和皇七子允祐，选派允禩随同两位皇兄前往，自有深意。允禩尚在少年，已具有骑术精湛，善于相马等特长。途中，凡由京城送至马匹，首先由允禩试骑，其后再定是否由允祉、胤禛等骑用。
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亲爹统兵亲征噶尔丹，八阿哥屁颠屁颠跟着出征。

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他们在鄂尔多斯围猎，因猎获野兔极多，康熙甚感惊奇，写信给皇太子，详细描述了打猎的情况。

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谕皇太子：十二日，驻跸宽托洛惠。本设双层围，兔雉丰盛，不可言状。朕四十多岁何处未行，未见如此兔丰。放围无分主仆，唯猎射，并无闲暇，朕殪一百三十八只，大阿哥殪五十九只，三阿哥殪五十五只，八阿哥殪五十只。裕亲王殪二十只，北围殪五只，为极少者。
……十三日驻跸。本两层围猎，雉少，兔与十二日同。自朕躬以下至猎人，前日殪兔力竭，手指皆肿而不能射，朕殪八十三只，大阿哥殪四十一只，三阿哥殪四十三只，八阿哥殪三十九只，打围人共殪一千四百四十二只。未计鄂尔多斯猎人所殪数额，……
十六日驻跸吉格苏泰。设双层围场，雉甚多，兔与前同。朕殪一百二十二只，大阿哥殪五十九只，三阿哥殪五十五只，八阿哥殪五十四只，裕亲王殪二十二只，围场之人殪一千二百十五只。未计蒙古人围猎之数。
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大阿哥、三阿哥都是骑射功夫极好的皇子。

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大阿哥才七岁，就能射中老虎。

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康熙十八年年底，玄烨在南苑行围，“纵虎出圈，命众驱逐，皇第五子保清（大阿哥乳名）亲射，中之”。保清即皇长子胤禔，当时也只有 7 周岁。这样年幼的孩子追射凶猛异常的老虎，尽管旁边有人保护，也要冒很大危险，足见玄烨在培养儿子方面，具有不同一般为父之人的胆魄。
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不同于刻板印象里的书呆子，三阿哥的骑射，甚至还要好过大阿哥。

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皇三子胤祉的弓箭和枪法，还要超过他的两位兄长，无论参加行围或较射，他往往是命中率最高的射手之一。据马国贤神甫回忆，玄烨晚年在热河时，喜欢在围猎之余，“观看他的满洲摔跤手们角斗，也常常命令他的孙子们及其他高级将领在他面前进行较射。有时，他甚至加入与他的第三个儿子(胤祉)比赛的行列，因为这个儿子的箭法几乎同他父亲一样好”。
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从胤禩所射兔的数量与大阿哥、三阿哥几乎相同可见，胤禩的骑射功夫也十分不错。

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而最使胤禩从诸位阿哥中脱颖而出，成为亲爹爱子的，则是他出类拔萃的管理能力。

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三十五年二月，康熙帝第一次亲征噶尔丹。15 岁的胤禩，在 6 位随征皇子中年龄最小。

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亲征期间，他跟随康熙帝身边，奉命管理火器营，并得到了父亲的“嘉美诗”。

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戎行亲莅制机宜，栉沐风霜总不辞，随侍晨昏依帐殿，焦劳情事尔应知。
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“你早晚都在我的营帐边随侍左右，

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我为国事的焦虑与辛劳，你应当最能理解呀。”

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是年九月份，康熙帝第二次亲征噶尔丹，从第一次随征的 6 位皇子中挑选 3 人带往。

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四阿哥、五阿哥、七阿哥落选，大阿哥、三阿哥和八阿哥再次随征。

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足以见得，胤禩的表现，给康熙留下了深刻印象。

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我儿子真好。
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他受封贝勒，以及大阿哥、三阿哥受封郡王，都是因为三人在随驾亲征噶尔丹的表现，以及平时的印象，都非常不错。

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八阿哥受封贝勒的当年，经康熙帝指婚，娶安亲王岳乐的外孙女郭络罗氏为嫡福晋。

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郭络罗氏母家的背景，可谓非常深厚。她的外公安亲王岳乐，可谓是清朝顺治、康熙年间功勋卓著的名将。顺治帝一度想把皇位传给他，在平定三藩之乱的时候，他更是立下了汉马功劳。

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康熙择选具有如此母家背景之人为儿媳，惟有当他对该子印象甚佳时，方会为之。

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之后八阿哥惹爹生气，爹左忍右忍，终于忍不了了——

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于是把气全撒在了儿媳和她的舅舅们身上。

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允祀素受制于妻，其妻系安郡王岳乐之女所出，安郡王因谄媚辅政大臣，遂得亲王。其妃系索额图之妹，世祖皇帝时记名之女子。其子马尔浑、景熙、吴尔占等，俱系允祀妻之母舅，并不教训允祀之妻，任其嫉妒行恶，是以允祀迄今尚未生子。
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爹：都怪你们不管好我儿媳！

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八福晋：？

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个死老头把我当你们 play 的一环是吧？
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从此以后的十年，胤禩一直受到父皇的宠爱和倚重。

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单单这十年里，他拉过的重要磨就有：

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1.管理广善库，所得成就获得裕亲王的赞赏。

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康熙帝曾让允禩管理广善库。允禩借此机会广结人缘，充分施展才干。康熙帝与其兄裕亲王福全自幼感情笃深，后者逝于四十二年六月。“裕亲王病时，曾以广善库为因，力荐允禩有才有德。”福全的看法对康熙帝会产生一定影响。
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2.他和三阿哥一块审理索额图。

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康熙四十二年，太子党的头号人物索额图被拘禁，康熙皇帝在巡行途中手书密旨，派人连夜交给三阿哥允祉和八阿哥允禩，命他们二人秘密审理索额图，并抓捕其同党。这一年允禩只有二十二岁，能够接受这样重大的政治任务，足见康熙帝对他的信任。
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一废太子的时候，胤禩更是风光无两。

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3.他先是和胤禛一起，被留在京城代理政事——名字居然还在他的四哥前面。

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这在严格遵循长幼尊卑的古代，是意义极其特殊的。

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4.在允礽的乳公凌普被从内务府总管一职撤下后，胤禩不但承担了内务府总管的职责，甚至还负责了查抄凌普。

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康熙四十七年一废太子时，康熙帝命允禩、胤禛二人留京办事，其中允禩署理内务府总管，名字也罕见地被列在了兄长胤禛之前。
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毙鹰事件大家应该都多少有所耳闻。

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八阿哥不听话，给亲爹气完了，大骂：他竟敢还上奏说自己冤枉，他冤枉在哪里？！！！

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伊摺内奏称冤抑。试问伊所谓冤抑者何在。
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但大家估计不太知道：

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康熙还写过一封给家人的信，信中为允禩呈献毙鹰一事开脱。。

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亲爹：我知道他冤枉在哪里。

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姑息之爱大爆发 jpg
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三、妈妈们1.养母惠妃

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还是毙鹰事件，还是大家应该不太知道的是：

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毙鹰事件之后，惠妃为了八阿哥，甚至跟康熙大吵一架，吵到外省的督抚都有所耳闻，上奏询问。。

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比如他的养母惠妃，虽然别有亲子允禔，但显然对允禩的关爱更甚。允禔被囚禁时，惠妃“亦奏称其不孝，请置之于法”，无论是真心还是忍痛，毕竟做出了支持康熙帝决策的表态。到康熙五十三年，康熙帝因为“毙鹰事件”痛责允禩，父子之间几乎恩断义绝，而此时的惠妃，或为保护养子起见，与皇帝发生激烈争执，以致外省督抚都有所耳闻。
奴才服思，惠妃主子之事，圣主必是叹恨。然圣主已有年纪，若多烦闷，恐御体必受苦累。——云贵总督郭严奏折
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嗯，养母为了养子跟丈夫大吵一架的含金量……

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后来雍正继位，母妃都要出宫由儿子们赡养。惠妃乐呵呵地就跑到八阿哥家里住了。

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慧妃母妃、乃大阿哥之生母、允禩之慈母也。允禩少時、即為慧妃母妃所撫養。朕因大阿哥獲罪禁鋼。其諸子又少不知事。意欲奉養於允禩之邸。因遣人詢問慧妃母妃。慧妃母妃欣然允從。
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2.全体妈妈们

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在雍正看来，八阿哥甚至还把所有妈妈们都给蛊惑了！

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雍正想死都想不明白为啥自己登基三年母妃没一个来看自己，差人都没差过。

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想了想又把锅推给八阿哥。

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肯定是胤禩的问题！是胤禩让妈妈们都不来看我！

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都是魅魔的问题！

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彼时允祹、酌议诸位母妃移府之礼。允祹议奏内、有朕思念诸位母妃之时、即令入宫相见等语。朕以诸位母妃、岂有召入相见之礼。深责允祹之非。迄今三年以来、诸位母妃、未曾遣人至朕前一问起居。诸位母妃、深居府中、一切皆诸王主持。此必允禩从中阻挠。诸王亦遂观望不前耳。
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四、亲伯父&堂弟

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皇子们唯一的亲伯父，康熙唯一的哥哥，裕亲王福全，也深深受到他八侄子的蛊惑。

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前文提到，在这些侄子中，大阿哥和他这个亲伯父的关系尤为不好。太子胤礽与自己这位宽厚温和，谦虚自持的亲伯父，亦关系不佳。

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而本答中的大魅魔八阿哥，蛊得他力荐“有才有德”、“心性好，不务矜夸”。

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这一份支持，甚至还在一定程度上左右过康熙的决定。

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一废太子期间，玄烨谈到胤禩时说：“…… 乃若八阿哥之为人，诸臣奏称其贤，裕亲王存日亦曾奏言八阿哥心性好，不务矜夸。”有的学者指出，福全去世前，曾向玄烨揭发皇太子胤礽的种种劣迹，同时赞扬胤禩聪明能干，品行端正，建议玄烨立后者为储君。这次谈话后不久，胤礽的主要支持者索额图即被拘禁，看来玄烨已考虑皇兄的建言，认为胤禩 “是可以代替胤礽做皇太子的人选之一。”
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而他的儿子，继承了他的王爵的保泰，也从小与魅魔的关系最为亲昵友好。

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被康熙帝养在宫中、待如亲子的侄儿保泰就和八阿哥允禩关系最好。
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甚至到了雍正初年，保泰还在为了八阿哥和八阿哥的党羽跟雍正作对。

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雍正气完了，骂他小时候教保泰算术，保泰居然不感恩。

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况保泰幼年初在大内行走之时，皇考令朕教习经书算法，率领指示行走。保泰受朕思顾甚深。又伯母之事，伊全家俱赖朕成全。朕藩邸人皆知之也。朕于保泰，所施之恩，伊此生何可负哉？
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五、以妻族为首的一大堆宗室亲戚

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这帮宗室亲戚，对魅魔八阿哥堪称鞍前马后，死活都要跟着八阿哥。

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我啊，现在只想做八王子的狗，做八王子的狗真的是太好了……
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近亲有之前提到的那堆兄弟、亲爹、亲妈养妈其他妈、亲伯父裕亲王福全、亲堂哥裕亲王保泰和堂侄子广宁外，还有亲伯叔恭亲王常宁的后代镇国公满都护；

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魅魔他老婆是安亲王岳乐的亲孙女，从小被外公接到家里养，几个舅舅把她宠上天了，魅魔也沾了喜气，蛊惑得这帮子舅舅乐颠颠地给他当枪使，把复立的太子拉下马。

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五十年八月，托合齐举办党派宴会。过后不久，八福晋的舅舅景熙便乘机上奏，轻飘飘地指控托合齐在“安郡王丧期一周年已过、 二周年未满”的时候，均与官员宴饮，未依例为安郡王服丧, 有悖属人礼制。
托合齐只是在除服后, 于二十七个月丧期内宴饮, 不算什么重罪，更何况康熙一向比较宽厚，这样的罪名不会让托合齐受什么大苦的；但查下去却发现，这次会饮所参加的人大有问题。
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远一点的宗亲，什么八大铁帽子王之一简亲王雅尔江阿和他儿子镇国公永谦、褚英后代贝子苏努与镇国公阿布兰、奉恩辅国公灏善的后代汝福与佛保、贝子鲁宾等等，

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数都数不完的宗亲，都变成了魅魔的狗，魅魔拿牵引绳牵都牵不过来。

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六、传教士

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作为康熙颇为宠信的一小支外国团体，传教士特别喜欢吃瓜，而且经常吃到大瓜。

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在他们口中，八阿哥的画风是这样的：

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正如我所说，皇长子最怕的就是第八子，人们普遍认为他是上天赐给政府的礼物。
As I said, more than any other of his brothers the Prince fearedthe eighth-born son, by common consent a young man who was Heaven's gift to government.
根据皇帝陛下的指令，他向老亲王历数长长一串他的先辈所犯的罪过，他责备老亲王这一支脉的世世代代始终都暗地里和当政的这一支脉作对。当念到老亲王本身的过错时，……详细列举了他当上了旗帅以后所犯的好几个错误，其中有当年已故皇帝废黜皇太子，征求大臣们意见，以图另改选一位亲王时，老亲王投了八阿哥① 的票。
① 即已故皇帝的第八子。所有的大臣们不管是满族还是汉族都赞同他当皇太子，所以，如果说这是一个错误的话，那大家都犯了同一错误。—— 原注
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传教士：根据我们所得信息判断，所有人都忍不住对上天赐给清朝的礼物犯错了。

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七、朝鲜人

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作为明朝的藩属国，朝鲜阴暗地认为清朝就是得位不正。

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于是，在几乎整个康朝，朝鲜都在积极发掘你清药丸的证据：

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康熙坏啊！太坏了！你清药丸！

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康熙天天打猎瞎玩，荒淫无道，你清药丸！
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康熙性情暴躁，你清药丸！
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康熙居然节俭，不可能，肯定是抠门，你清药丸！
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天啊康熙只懂满文，你清药丸！
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什么康熙居然会汉文，你清药丸！
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天啊太子这个德行，你清药丸！
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当然，朝鲜人不傻，知道康熙比较好，只是不肯承认。

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谁喜欢康熙我们孤立谁，因为你清药丸！
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直到雍正上位之后，他们对康熙的风评才好转回来：

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康熙好啊，太好啊，好极了啊！
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在这种情况下，朝鲜人（在康熙本朝）对胤禩的态度居然是：

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\"\"
皇子们都望之没有人形，但其中皇八子好像好那么一点，也不是说就很好啦，就是好一点。嗯。
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朝鲜人：对不起，我们也对上天赐给清朝的礼物犯错了。

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八、大臣1.康熙朝的大臣

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大臣们被魅魔蛊惑得命都不要了，就跟着皇上对着干。

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康熙朝一废太子的时候，所有人不顾康熙暗示，就是要立八阿哥。

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这样的结果，对在位近五十年，自以为对朝廷局面如臂使指的康熙皇帝会产生怎样的打击，读者自可想见。自己培植、任用的满朝文武，居然为了一个年轻、没有功绩、母家卑微的允禩而揣着明白装糊涂，不惜悖逆自己的圣意，这是多么令人恐惧而且不可思议的事啊！
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康熙急眼了，放弃了所有繁文缛节，就要复立废太子。

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于是就连康熙朝的重臣、老臣，康熙帝的母舅、岳父，“佟半朝”佟国维都因为小小一只魅魔，公然跟康熙开干：

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你一直以来做得很好，但把储君的废立当儿戏，是不是有点离大谱了？咱能不能说话算话？

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皇上办事精明，天下人无不知晓，断无错误之处。此事于圣躬关系甚大，若日后皇上易于措处，祈速赐睿断，或日后难于措处，亦祈速赐睿断，总之将原定主意熟虑施行为善。
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-

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清代校勘学“创始的人”何焯，康熙朝的时候供职于武英殿修书，被康熙指派为八阿哥的伴读。

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何焯这个人刚正耿直，光明磊落，原则强烈，脾气很火爆，一连跟自己的两任老师闹得都很不愉快。

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然而，面对魅魔的攻势，何焯立马堕其术中了，连女儿都送给魅魔一家抚养。

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先生回南路上平安，何日到家？我家内外人等俱好，女先生亦好。先生女儿在此极好，更不必挂怀。
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-

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康熙宠臣李光地，到了康熙朝末期，还在那里：几个王子里面，八阿哥最贤能呀~

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大学士李光地告假回闽，今又奉特旨带病进京，闻系为立储之事诏彼密议，奴才闻知惊心，特于彼处相探，彼云“目下诸王，八王最贤”等语。
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康熙宠臣明珠的儿子揆叙，学问甚好，谨慎敦厚，康熙看着就喜欢，天天念叨，不幸过世得早，于是念叨得更多了，送他谥号“文端”。

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（揆叙）议论识鉴词藻压倒诸人， 朕昔知为满洲第一，今日汉人中亦推第一矣。
掌院下世再欲得如此（揆叙）一人，良不易得。
毕，上又曰： “翰林院学士甚属紧要，自揆叙没后，朕再四思维，并不得称此职之人。必须学问优长，善于钤束，不畏人之人，方好。”
上又曰： “揆叙学问甚好，为人甚是谨慎敦厚，殊属可惜。朕因伊年少，并未当面嘉奖，不特朕惜之，即诸人无有不惜之者。”
大学士马齐奏曰：“揆叙年少老成，不但学问好，九卿及议政之事亦甚好。伊记性远胜臣等，不惟皇上深惜，举朝满汉大臣官员俱为惜之。一闻其没，俱往吊唁。”
内阁学士常鼐奏曰： “揆叙所学不但超出满洲之中，即汉人中亦少。”
上曰：“然。诚为可惜。”
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当然这样一位美好的小伙，他其实也被魅魔轻轻地蛊惑，跟康熙对着干。

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及二阿哥既废。揆叙与廷臣、暗通消息。各人手心俱写一八字。众所共知者一也。
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康熙的宠臣阿灵阿，太师遏必隆第七子，孝昭仁皇后之弟，康熙喜欢极了，时不时送点什么，生病后派御医调治，还命公主做饭赏赐给他。

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阿灵阿去世后，康熙深为可惜，让好几个皇子都给他送灵。

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康熙年间倚重的重臣，“凡一切军机奏议无不恰合上心，一时大臣无有出其右者。圣祖仁皇帝恩遇甚隆，常赐上方动用之件及上亲乘名马。”康熙四十三年，赐御书“崇先裕后”匾额命皇十子胤䄉来悬。康熙五十五年三月，得疾，即遣御医调治，复赐御制药教以调养，康熙又亲占易卦甚吉，特谕晓之，后病稍愈。康熙驾至边外，病之好坏令每日奏闻，不时遣内侍看视。因服药无效，不思饮食，康熙命二公主（固伦荣宪公主）制饭赐之。围内所得狍鹿等鲜物赐之。时有西洋名医奉诏看视。至十月二十一日卒，享年四十七岁。康熙闻之，甚为悼惜，著左翼王贝勒吊唁，遣镶黄旗一旗大臣侍卫至奠茶酒，赐上驷马四匹，银两千两，令分属九佐领官兵俱穿孝服。皇太后（孝惠章皇后）遣首领赐茶饭，妃嫔皆遣首领赐茶奠酒至发引前一日遣首领送灵。发引之日，康熙命皇四子胤禛、皇五子胤祺、皇十子胤䄉，皇十七子胤礼以及镶黄一旗大臣侍卫护送，又命十七阿哥福晋亦送至墓所。追谥敏恪立碑墓上。
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虽然康熙那么宠爱他，但他也被魅魔蛊惑，犯了错。

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康熙五十三年冬、圣祖仁皇帝驻跸遥亭。……圣祖仁皇帝愤怒。严讯伊之护卫、及太监等。朋党奸谋。尽行显露。其太监冯进朝、供称鄂伦岱、阿灵阿、系伊逆党。
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不止他本人，他的儿子也子承父业，被魅魔蛊惑得颠三倒四，官都不做了也要跟皇帝对着干。

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况此奸党之风。如阿灵阿之子阿尔松阿、苏努之子勒什享等、皆继其父志、而奸恶过焉。似此毫无忌惮。父子相承。先后济恶。实为国家之大患。
阿尔松阿往天津料理监务时，甚属明白可嘉，以为可而用之，乃降旨之时，疑欲杀伊，抵死固辞。
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还有更多更多，数不胜数的康朝大臣们，全部都对魅魔八阿哥犯了错，没给爹留下啥人。

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对不起，皇上，你儿子真香。
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2.雍正朝大臣

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雍正朝的大臣更不得了了，别说基本操作之为了维护魅魔跟皇帝对着干了，魅魔都死了，他们心里还装着个魅魔，继续跟皇帝对着干。

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对不起，皇上，你弟弟真香。
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佟国纲的儿子鄂伦岱，仗着自己是皇亲国戚，天王老子来了也不服，上怼康熙雍正两任皇帝，下虐弟弟法海。

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他爸佟国纲[2]被这个儿子气疯了，上奏康熙，要求康熙把这个儿子杀了算数。

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然而，显赫的身份带给鄂伦岱却是刚愎自用，狂傲不羁的性格弱点，就连他的父亲佟国纲都不被他放在眼里。两人是关系极为不佳，经常性的争执，以至于佟国纲不惜上奏康熙“请诛其子”，弄得满堂皆知，佟家颜面无存。
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结果他爸康熙二十九年战死，马革裹尸，为了体恤他家，康熙还是把他爸的爵位承袭给了鄂伦岱。（笑死了）

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康熙二十九年（1690 年），佟国纲在“乌兰布通之战”中死战殉国，鄂伦岱却袭承了佟国纲的一等公的爵位，不知道此时的佟国纲如果泉下有知的话，会不会死不瞑目。
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他弟弟法海出身下贱，是佟国纲的侍婢所生。鄂伦岱十分看不起法海，百般虐待，甚至还不给法海的生母入祖坟。

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面对如此优秀的弟弟，鄂伦岱只是因为他的卑微的出身就对其母子颇为歧视，特别是在佟国纲去世后，鄂伦岱更加的肆无忌惮、任意虐待。甚至在法海的母亲去世后，鄂伦岱还不准其葬入佟家祖坟。这样就使得鄂伦岱与法海这对兄弟之间结下了深仇大恨，从此是老死不相往来。
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康熙拿他当侍卫，他把康熙当表哥。

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好消息：他俩确实是亲戚。

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坏消息：鄂伦岱连他爸都不吊，那么他对表哥的看法是_______？

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答：照样不吊，请安都不请，就在旁边跟别的侍卫射箭玩儿，气得康熙骂他：小兔崽子你是真找死啊？

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信不信我今个代替你爸教训你？
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鄂伦岱选择——？

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答：鄂伦岱选择了无视。

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及在热河皇考圣体违和之时，并未请安一次，其意颇以为快，在热河宫门前每日较射欢笑。其后皇考于行围地方向鄂伦岱云：尔甚无恩情，尔所作之罪不可胜数，实为可杀之人。伊承旨之下毫无畏惧，倨傲如故，亲随侍卫等不胜愤恨，人人髪指，因此皇考愤懑终日。
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康熙气完了，一条条数他的罪过，叫人拿鞭子抽他。

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在热河时，皇考圣体甚是违和，大臣侍卫等俱请安求瞻仰圣颜。惟鄂伦岱并不请安，且率同乾清门侍卫等，每日较射游戏。鄂伦岱罪恶多端，皇考行围哨鹿时悉数其罪，令侍卫五哥鞭责之。
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到了雍正朝，面对表哥的儿子，鄂伦岱选择——

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答：照样吊也不吊。

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雍正对佟佳氏加恩，他不奏谢。

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伊之父祖朕俱厚加恩典，冀其悛改过恶，为朕出力。而鄂伦岱结党之心坚如金石，并无感激报效之念。以为朕之加恩于其父祖皆因隆科多之力所致，与己无涉，在朕前并无一语奏谢。
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雍正整顿吏治，清除异己，搞得差不多了，群臣都在下面陪笑脸，就只有他一个人低头冷笑。

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朕每召诸王大臣等颁发谕旨，鄂伦岱从未有一次点首心服。前召旗下大臣面谕云，近日是臣等办事将从前积习已改十之七八，若再整顿一二年便可全改。朕尝虑向来恶习恐非诛戮一二人不能挽回，今看来可不用诛戮矣，为此朕心甚喜，诸臣无不点首喜动颜色，惟鄂伦岱略无喜容，俯首冷笑。彼时朕即欲降旨诘责，已而中止。
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雍正问他手下有个人做事如何，他压根不认识这个人就说这人平常。

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雍正骂他：你胡说。

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他直接说：我就是胡说啊。给雍正气晕了。

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昨因办理旗下之事，在众人前将一原当侍卫之人问鄂伦岱：此人何如？鄂伦岱并未认识妄奏云：此人平常。朕责以尔在皇考时身为大臣存心狡狯，只知顾惜身家，不肯实心出力，苟且欺罔，朕所稔知，此等处朕屡经开谕，毫不悛改。今日在众人前又如此诳奏，是诚何意？鄂伦岱奏云：我信口回奏。含忿摇头，故激朕怒。
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他甚至在乾清门院子里掀开衣服就尿，把雍正气死了。

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又一年元旦清晨，在乾清门院内掀衣而溺，朕见之骇异，知其行同畜类。
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雍正顾忌他是太后、太皇太后两任国舅爷的后人，搞了容易被骂不孝，不然早掐死他了。

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就这样一个人，一个拽哥，一个天底下头等无君无父的法外狂徒，

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他面对魅魔展现出了如何的定力呢？

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答：无定力，已狠狠堕其术中。

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\"\"
就是这个八阿哥爽！
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康熙被八儿子送的老鹰气完了，审问八儿子的下属，问谁是魅魔的党羽，下属当场指认了鄂伦岱。

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他没话说了还要硬说，跪在旁边，也不管自己能不能回话，直接丢给人家一个问句：你说我与你主子一党，你主子与过我何物？

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圣怒当日因允禩得罪在要亭地方，将伊门下太监审讯。太监云：阿灵阿、鄂伦岱乃我主子之党，问他二人便知。彼时阿灵阿、鄂伦岱在傍，俱无言可辩，顔色改变良久，但称：我既系你主子之党，平日曽送过何物？你主子曽赏过我何物？
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回头康熙越想越气[3]，回宫的时候沿途一直在骂鄂伦岱，走了三十里就骂了三十里，一直没消气。

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鄂伦岱叼都不叼。

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当时还只是雍亲王的雍正：……？

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这，这对吗……？
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次年春，皇考从霸州回銮，自行宫起身至南红门，言及鄂伦岱等结党之事，皇考震怒，沿途切责鄂伦岱，行至三十里而圣怒未解。鄂伦岱悍然不知畏惧，亦无一毫爱君之心，朕在旁悚惕不安之甚，
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雍正忍不住了，要拉人劝劝康熙，结果康熙从旁边出来，鄂伦岱甚至变本加厉，以至于康熙看到他的脸就开喷。

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得亏是劝住了，不然又有好戏看呢。（不是

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及圣驾出，而鄂伦岱仍悍然向前迎立以触圣怒，致皇考复严加切责，娄徵额进前奏劝，朕遂泣奏云：皇父圣体初愈，此等悖逆之人何足屡烦圣怒，乱臣贼子自有国法，若交与臣便可即行诛戮。因朕恳奏再三，皇考之怒方解。
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到了雍正朝，鄂伦岱还是横着走，对魅魔的宠爱（？）也变本加厉，倾身回护，代替魅魔上奏。

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之前子承父业，同堕八阿哥术中的阿尔松阿也来帮腔，两人就这样一起违抗皇帝。

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于是鄂伦岱甚至抗衡圣旨，将雍正给的圣旨丢在地板上，将死罪揽在己身，悍傲已极。

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朕即位以来效法皇考，仍不念其罪恶，施恩保全。乃伊每事扰乱，倾身回护阿其那，因阿其那佐领一事，在外于众人前一番议论，在内代伊启奏，显露悖逆之状，将朕所交硃批谕旨掷于乾清门地上，在朕前举止抗横，为人臣者当如是乎？
朕有硃批谕旨降与阿尔松阿者，令鄂伦岱转交，乃鄂伦岱于乾清门众人前将朕旨掷之于地，且极力党护阿尔松阿，将其死罪承认在身，愍不畏死，顽悍已极。
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雍正破大防。

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鄂伦岱：可魅魔就是魅魔啊，你算鸡毛。（抠鼻

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额尔金是十阿哥的长史，也在魅魔主管的上驷院工作。

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仗着自己是魅魔的人，对皇帝就开始傲慢无礼啊！太坏了！

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额尔金在上驷院行走时，依附允禩，为其党与。所以敢在朕前傲慢者，恃有此耳。伊实为允禩党内凶悍之人，愈见皇考知人之明，昭昭不爽。朕之复用额尔金，甚属错误。
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有个武会元叫金昆，雍正想要用他，把他安排到魅魔主管的工部下。

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没想到魅魔看见金昆这孔武有力的肌肉，啊不对，发达的大脑，馋了。

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金昆看见魅魔，那更是走不动路了，魂都被勾走了，硬是把魅魔当成知己，给雍正气死了。

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上諭：工部主事金昆昔年曾在府中绘画行走，朕因其从武会元出身，识得数字，故令改授文职。伊籤掣工部主事，自到工部诸事把持招摇放纵，廉亲王居心巧诈，事事任用，凡有差使俱将金昆派出，搪塞其意，以为金昆有过，天下必加朕以私用匪人之名也。金昆亦倚廉亲王为知已，肆行无忌，大负朕恩。着将金昆革职，令在内庭禁锢行走效力。如不能改过自新或又多事，必从重治罪。
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当然，金昆不只是个例。

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事实上，八阿哥管理下的全体上驷院和工部全体官员，全部都被魅魔上司蛊得神魂颠倒，任由魅魔摆布。

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尔工部官员等，受皇考数十年教养之恩，当念君臣大义，为朕竭力尽心以图报称，勿因允禩之甘言诡计为其所惑。允禩故为小心谨畏，于属员则作噢咻体恤之状，……
允禩居心行事如此。尔诸大臣、定已尽知。惟是工部上驷院两衙门官员人等、恐不知廉亲王之居心奸诈。一堕其术中。便为所累。朕岂忍两衙门之臣下、为伊所愚弄乎。用是再加晓谕。非令尔等、每事与伊抗拒。但令尔等、于办事效力之处、一归于正、勿被伊引诱惑乱而已。
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虽然雍正觉得大家应该都已经认出了魅魔的真面目，但大臣们还是纷纷堕其术中，同情魅魔，心甘情愿跟着魅魔受罚。

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乃在廷诸臣，为廉亲王所愚，反以朕为过于苛刻，为伊抱屈。即朕屡降谕旨之时，观众人神色，未尝尽以廉亲王为非。惟舅舅隆科多、大将军年羹尧、大学士王顼龄、侍郎沈近思，曾在朕前陈奏：一年以来，大小臣工因廉亲王贻累者甚多，乃甘心忍受，并不归怨廉亲王。而廉亲王恬然自安，全不知愧，又不念及国法，全无恐惧。此党援之终不能解散者也。
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不仅如此，这些官员还纷纷觉得皇帝真是太坏了，居然加害魅魔。

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尔工部官员等，受皇考数十年教养之恩，当念君臣大义，为朕竭力尽心以图报称，勿因允禩之甘言诡计为其所惑。允禩故为小心谨畏，于属员则作噢咻体恤之状，其心实欲败坏事务，且知朕必能察出，将众人治罪，以彰朕之苛刻，俾众人感伊而归怨于朕，其居心大抵如此。
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大臣们：对不起皇上，你弟弟真好！没忍住，犯错了！

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\"\"
就是这个魅魔爽！
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-

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就连年羹尧跟雍正上奏时都说：嗯，廉亲王的风味确实好点。

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其允禟语无伦次，心地浅诈，竭力做哭介而无眼泪，故为亲热煦煦孑孑之状，盖有意学廉亲王而细致则远不及也。
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九阿哥：（装哭）（亲热）（演技大爆发）

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年羹尧：（眼前看着九阿哥）（脑子已经飘到千里之外的京城想起可爱的廉亲王)

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年羹尧：并没有说我已经堕其术中，但魅魔确实挺可爱的。嗯。

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\"\"
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-

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魅魔的功力深厚，哪怕在物质上已经离去，精神上还存在于人们心中。

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具体体现为死了还能结党，可能目的是吸活人精气。

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这些人的名字，包括但不限于：鲁尔金、乌尔陈、苏尔金、库尔陈，法海、佛保、达尔当阿、托什、查弼纳，萧永藻、诺岷、高成龄、董永芠、四格、李凤翥、锡保，每个名字拿出来都是响当当的倒霉，哦不对，不能在魅魔面前卓然自立的愚蠢呀！

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甚至酒老师@不沾一滴酒 扒出来，都雍正十二年了，魅魔都去世八年了，大义觉迷录也被强制宣传好几年了，在雍正提拔的官员私下八卦里，邪恶的魅魔阿其那竟然还是【圣祖的八阿哥】【圣祖密旨说他确实好】

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太恐怖了，简直是脑控啊！怪不得说被魅魔骗一次终身受骗！
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雍正都崩溃了，说自己就没见过不会被魅魔蛊惑的汉子。

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尔若不为塞思黑之奸恶所欺骗，能坚持初到大同之心，则将为朕多加夸奖，可惜已枉然了，然而朕将宽恕之。若与阿其那、塞思黑在一处两个月，不为伊等奸计所动之汉子，不被欺骗之聪慧之人亦少矣。
朱批：此不过楚仲防汝之论耳，已被塞思黑之愚矣，与阿其那、塞思黑对面数日，有能不被二人之奸诈所愚者，朕未见也。
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九、全体清朝民众

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皇帝忍无可忍，把魅魔圈禁起来，免得魅魔又去勾引他人。

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结果民间居然传出谣言，说“八佛被囚，军民怨新主”，魅魔不知道为何被人当成了佛。

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皇帝崩溃了，怒发一万条反问：他哪里佛了？佛在哪里？where is 佛？

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阿其那等心怀奸恶，扰乱国政，煽惑人心，邀买美名，结交匪类，徧处称扬伊善，不过欺人而已，岂能欺上天皇考乎？阿其那等承欢皇考者何处？效力者何处？有裨国家者何处？利济军民者何处？施恩臣工者何处？有益兄弟者何处？且当皇考圣明在御之时，阿其那为皇子，何得交结外人，不曾与政事，有何善足称，遂至人目之为佛者，何故耶？
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清朝民众：对不起皇上，我们也已经堕其术中了。

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十、其实皇帝也被魅魔蛊惑了。

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那到底为什么会达成这个效果呢？

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因为皇帝本人也（曾）堕其术中，甚至房子都在魅魔的隔壁。

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历史上胤禛和胤禩的关系到底怎么样？

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把皇上四哥也算进去，那么单单前十二个序齿 + 未早夭的兄弟，被魅魔蛊惑到的就足足有六个了，占一半。（嗯。

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但皇帝精通觉迷技巧，凭借自己坚定的意志力爬了出来。

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哦！伟大的雍正帝！

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于是雍正帝汲取自身教训，号召大家一定要远离魅魔。结果一扭头，大家还是在堕其术中！

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哦，可怜的雍正帝！

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可惜的是哥们早年堕其术中的痕迹太多，骂个魅魔都要先把自己的存在从魅魔身边摘出去才能骂。

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甚至偶尔还不小心觉迷失败，吐露一些堕其术中的发言。

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年羹尧：并没有说我已经堕其术中，但魅魔确实挺可爱的。嗯。

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雍正：就是说！其他人真是丑妇效颦，万不及一！

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其允禟语无伦次，心地（朱批：秉性）浅诈，竭力做哭（朱批，虽诈，这还好）介而无眼泪，故为亲热煦煦孑孑之状，盖有意学廉亲王而（朱批：丑妇效颦，万不及一！）细致则远不及也。
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嗯，你让雍正承认魅魔貌比西施他是不会承认的，但要是别人试着学魅魔哭，雍正就会骂别人丑妇效颦了。

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\"\"
中国人啊，如果只是想开天窗是得说要砸墙的 jpg
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好在他儿子乾隆帮他擦了屁股，编的《实录》里基本把雍正口不择言骂魅魔的痕迹全删掉了。

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十一、但另一个儿子就没那么省心了。

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三阿哥·又长高了·大清巨人·弘时，他命中注定的瑛贵人不在后宫。

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在真实历史中，他命中注定的瑛贵人在前朝，正是他的魅魔八叔。

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魅魔：三阿哥你要做什么？我是你的八叔！

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三阿哥：我就那么比不上皇阿玛吗？我心里有你，皇阿玛他老了！

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魅魔还没来得及答应（？）就被他爸圈起来了。（大悲）

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他爸雍正折腾八叔，给他折腾急眼了，跟他爸水灵灵地对着干，给爹气完了。

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早在雍正三年三月，雍正在给诸王的谕旨中就提出：“今尔诸宗室闻朕谕旨，心中以为是者有之，以为不是者亦有之，朕岂能必宗室皆以此旨为是而遵行乎，即朕之子亦不能保其必行。”雍正说，他所下达的谕旨，即使在皇家、皇族的宗室中，有人以为对，也有人以为不对而不执行。即使是自己的儿子，也不能保证其一定会执行。这个“朕之子”当然就是指弘时，说明弘时对其父的政策、行为，多有分歧乃至违抗，已确是事实。
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雍正：我给你高出亲王的待遇，你这小兔崽子胳膊肘还往外拐？！

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三阿哥：可是八叔就是魅……哦不是，八叔可是八叔啊！

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雍正：你既然要为你八叔求情，就去做他的儿子好了。

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我恨极了你们这帮被魅魔蛊惑的蠢货。
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尔等前为弘时请旨，时朕欲颁谕旨。朕禾念知弘时，断不可留内，故特颁旨诸王、大臣断决，以与允禩为子。今已将允禩治罪，掣回带子，从玉牒除名。将弘时既与伊为子，不能不掣回弘时之带子，著將弘时带子掣回。（此为朕深思依理所办之事，)尔等勿得屡加(妄)奏。{治一小人罪时，朕亦慎重，惟恐受冤枉,岂有将弘时强行治罪之理？}(要治允禩逐出宗室之罪，确实意外，此亦弘时之命。但弘时虽系允禩之子，若不交给他入管束，任其安行，亦有关系脸面之处。{将弘时}(其名亦令更改，将此)交付允裪，虽非叔子，仍准管养之。钦此。
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于是儿子乾隆上台后又开始给爹擦屁股。

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又谕、从前三阿哥、年少无知。性情放纵。行事不谨。皇考特加严惩。以教导朕兄弟等。使知儆戒。今三阿哥已故多年。朕念兄弟之谊。似应仍收入谱牒之内。
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大家：对啊，只是和魅魔在一起又有什么错呢。

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奏為查三阿哥從前原因阿其那獲罪株連，與本身獲罪撤去黃帶者不同。今已故多年，蒙皇上篤念兄弟之誼，仍收入譜牒，于情理允宜，應欽遵諭旨，將三阿哥仍載入玉牒。俟命下之日交與宗人府辦理。
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乾隆：其实我爸根本不想把魅魔逐出宗籍，他晚年提到这事就不开心，想后悔啊。

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乾隆：这样吧我们把八叔收回玉牒吧。

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圣心如日在天，固众所共仰也。迨皇考晚年，屡向朕谕及此事，辄愀然不乐，意颇悔之，若将留以有待者。朕即位之初，深有念于孔子三年无改之言，未敢遽易成案。今临御四十三年矣。……此事重大，朕若不言，后世子孙亦无敢言者。所有允祀、允禟二人，自不合还其原爵，仍当复其原名，收入玉牒，两人子孙亦当一并叙入。
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雍正：你个小兔崽子我 adlhaofaj**^KJYK7

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\"\"
我当年哪里后悔了？！
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乾隆：对不起爸爸，可是我真的很怀念八叔。

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天啊，魅魔太可怕了，把皇帝逼成这样啊。太可怜了雍正。

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查看知乎讨论
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\n\n\n\n", - "content": "
\"头图\"/
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哦，那必然是

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康熙他八儿子·雍正他八弟·八阿哥·贤得是时候·廉亲王·胤禩。

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根据不完全统计，他前前后后魅惑过的人有：

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一、亲兄弟若干1.大阿哥胤褆

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大阿哥是个能从传教士骂到亲伯父的无敌超雄，脑子不好使但极其暴躁。

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——然而老八却能跟他关系还可以。

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允禔在诸兄弟中与允禩关系较好，或许因为允禩曾被交给允禔的生母惠妃抚养过一段时间，且是康熙诸子中少见的外表柔善、谦逊之人，肯于在允禔面前做小伏低，能够和刚猛傲慢的长兄和睦。
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大阿哥这个人，他：

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幻想跟传教士 SM，把传教士吓晕：

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杜德美神父与皇子在一起时，（大）皇子对他说：“把刘应神父叫来，用鞭子好好教训他一顿，然后把他流放到鞑靼荒野去，这主意不错吧？”
when Fr. Jartoux was with the Prince, the Prince said to him: “Wouldn’t it be a good idea to summon Fr. Visdelou here, punish him with a beating, and consign him to the wilds of Tartary?”
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跟着亲伯父上战场，把亲伯父气晕：

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允禔首次出战准噶尔，身份是副将军，当时的三军主帅是他的亲伯父裕亲王福全。……可惜，允禔此行，不但未见结交什么可靠之人为生死袍泽，反而和秉性忠厚老实的伯父闹了很大矛盾：
康熙二十九年七月出兵，不到一个月，就和裕亲王“不相和谐，妄生事端”，并且“私行陈奏”，就是背地里向父皇告伯父的黑状。幸而康熙帝行事公正，并不偏信儿子，得知情况后，不顾自己丢脸，将允禔强行撤回北京，事后又百般弥合，才避免伯侄二人的矛盾完全公开化。
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跟亲妈的关系，也有点微妙：

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康熙就曾评价大阿哥胤禔“气质暴戾”，而大阿哥的母亲惠妃也曾向康熙哭诉，奏其“不孝，请置之于法”。
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结果他被爸爸痛骂不能当太子后，小伙顶着这么多不爽，大喝一声：

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我当不了那就让老八当啊！

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一废太子之后，本来在诸皇子中处于有利地位的允禔，把自己的愚昧粗狂表现得淋漓尽致。这不能不让人想起满洲政权尚在关外时的那些场景：皇太极去世后，合法性最强的皇子豪格与实力最强的皇弟多尔衮争夺大位，多尔衮假意推托谦让，母弟多铎却看着着急，当众断喝：你不当我当！允禔这一手“我当不了让老八当”，和多铎真有异曲同工之粗豪，关外遗风毕见。
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2.七阿哥胤祐

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到了雍正初年，胤禩还能哄得他七哥帮他打报告哩。

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给雍正气完了，说：

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“现在廉亲王处处学我！但凡有什么事能占便宜、钻空子，他就必然唆使允祐、允禟、允禵提出来，从中捞取好处，自己则充好人！比如允祐[1]，他都是什么时候分府的老户了，还要照此找补，这是什么体统？”

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兹廉王凡事必仿于朕，以朕为齐，凡有便宜事或稍许疏漏之事，必唆使淳王、贝子允禟、允禵提出，以捞取之，伊自己权充好人。虽为清廉王[1]，但系何时分府的老户，亦要照此找补，成何体统？
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哦，八阿哥可太魅魔……哦不对，太坏了！

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3.九阿哥胤禟

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同生共死的阿其那与塞思黑，关系自不必说。

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在胤禟的管家秦道然眼里，八阿哥简直就像是当着管账正宫的面操控杀猪盘骗钱的绿茶捞男。

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再八爷说自己穷，要九爷吩咐满丕帮盘缠，满丕应了，送了一万两，这是八爷的巧取处。
允禩也晓得允禟是庸才，其所以与他厚结的缘故，不过为他肯替允禩使钱，要借他钱财，收拾些人心，允禩每访得九流术士中有些异样的，便令心腹人招至家中，藏之密室，到打发出去的时节，便叫允禟送他银子，或一百两或二百两不等。这种人也多得紧，我时常听见送银子到允禩家里去的人向我说，所以我得知道。至于给的是什么人，我实不曾知道。
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我老公的钱啊！怎么给了你这种人！

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这都是我老公辛辛苦苦赚来的啊！！！
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到现在知乎里还有胤禟是不是被胤禩 PUA 了的问题。

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嗯，秦道然一定很想答。

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4.十阿哥胤䄉

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十阿哥的生母钮祜禄氏，是辅政大臣遏必隆之女、康熙帝继后孝昭仁皇后的亲妹妹。

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在康熙的众多皇子中，从生母地位上看，十阿哥仅次于太子，居于第二；

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而从外戚门第、势力上看，恐怕还要比太子更高一些。

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然而这样一个高贵的（？）阿哥，照样像个甜狗一样围着八哥转，被八哥蛊得晕头转向。

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还说什么：八阿哥，你是我们的主子，你可要多多照顾我们啊！

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我与塞思黑、允禵同向阿其那云：尔乃我等之主，后日须怜㸔我等。阿其那闭一目而笑。
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5.十四阿哥胤祯

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十四阿哥胤祯，跟雍正同个妈，是雍正铁打的同母亲弟弟。

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他从康熙四十七年开始，就像条甜狗一样跟着他八哥，观之十分震撼。

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在康熙锁拿允禩的时候，胤祯积极为胤禩辩护。

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老父亲气得要死，拔刀而出，差点将亲儿子当场手刃。

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康熙四十七年。九月。
壬寅。上召诸皇子入乾清宫。谕曰当废允礽之时。朕已有上□日诸阿哥中如有钻营谋为皇太子者即国之贼。法断不容。废皇太子后。允禔曾奏称允禩好。春秋之义人臣无将将则必诛。大宝岂人可妄行窥伺者耶。允禩柔奸性成、妄蓄大志朕素所深知。其党羽早相要结谋害允礽。今其事皆已败露。著将允禩锁拏交与议政处审理。皇九子允禟语皇十四子允禵云，尔我此时不言何待。允禵奏云：八阿哥无此心，臣等愿保之。上震怒。出所佩刀欲诛允禵。皇五子允祺跪抱劝止。诸皇子叩首恳求。上怒少解。命诸皇子挞允禵。将允禟、允禵逐出。　
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可怜的胤祯被兄弟们打了二十大板，被老爹轰出宫去，他依旧不改。

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甚至自负枷锁、身怀毒药，要是有什么不测，就要和八哥一块去死。

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被轰出宫去之后，允禵还不罢休，准备相约众皇子一起为允禩保奏。他还让人准备了一副枷锁，跟在被锁起来的允禩身后，以示共患难之意；甚至随身携带毒药，直到允禩被释放之日，才当众取出扔掉。
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康熙都服了，直接把他踢出宫去分府，本来皇子分配府邸会有的头一年支给食物待遇都不好。

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康熙朝惯例，阿哥分府的第一年由宫里支给食物，第二年开始靠自己。十四分府时父子关系紧张，待遇就不太好，后来出兵时关系逆转，颇受关爱，就主动要求支食物。
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他反倒自豪起来了，把自己拿命来保八阿哥这件事到处跟兄弟们说。

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胤禩也乐呵呵地答：多亏我的几个弟弟了。

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因有令阿其那相面之事，为圣祖皇帝治罪。时允禵将舍命完结之事，常常告诉臣等。阿其那亦曾告诉：当获罪时，因诸弟之帮助而受益。
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别的兄弟来看望他，要是刚刚好胤禩在，就看见他对胤禩处处照顾，让别人直呼恶俗。

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臣去允禵府第，遇有阿奇那在时，允禵对阿奇那照样行动照管者，迂俗可厌，连跟随阿奇那之太监皆格外照管。
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康熙不给他随驾，他死活偏要去，还三番两次奏请，就是要跟着去。

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康熙服了，说：看你这要死要活的劲，哪是想跟着我啊，你就是想跟着你八哥。

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皇考駕幸熱河，特㫖命允禩不論班行走，衆阿哥分為三班行走，而允禵乃抵死欲去，屢次奏請，奉皇考諭㫖：觀爾抵死欲去之意，豈欲隨朕，亦不過欲隨八阿哥去耳。後輪至第三班，特㫖令其停止，乃仍不肯遵，畢竟隨去。
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不得不说康熙说得太对了，胤祯就是想跟着他八哥。

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下次换成八阿哥在京城，他被爸爸带出去，他立刻就又不走了。

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到底是想跟着谁呢好难看出来啊。（那种语气）
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及值允禩母妃事出，於康熈五十三年夏月，留允禩在京，命帶允禵前去，而伊又設法留京，彼時允禩理宜勸止允禵，乃竟不行勸止，一任允禵屢次觸忤皇考。
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康熙发难胤禩的时候，他跟胤禩说“我们要死就一起死”。

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圣祖皇帝幸冬狩时，执阿其那之侍卫太监，将阿其那遣返时，允禵曾告诉臣言，允禵至阿其那处言称：我等死则一起死。等语。
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康熙不给别人去见胤禩，他偷偷去不说，还要帮别人打招呼，别人说要是被康熙听见了对谁都不好啊，他嘿嘿一笑说：是啊！

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奉圣祖皇帝谕旨：阿其那惑乱众心，意行甚奸，著逐出不令再见之。钦此。其后，允禵隐瞒圣祖皇帝，仍潜往阿其那处不断。允禵曾传话称，见阿其那时，问臣好。等语。时臣言：虽有亲临问好之意，但圣祖皇帝闻之，对谁都不好。等语。时允禵微笑言：是。
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八阿哥给他写了封信，央求他用手底下某人，他立马就对此人另眼相看了。

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那木札尔称，安王给老爷送一信，云云。我当即拆开来信，内开，吾已央求八阿哥曰：吾门下副都统宗札布，现在军营，请转求十四阿哥，若能照顾，请多关照。八阿哥已央求十四阿哥。云云。自我收到此信之后，观察其情，允禵已另眼看待我。
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四哥的圣旨他不跪，八阿哥出来只说他该跪，他一句话没说，扑通一声跪下了。

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阿其那见众人共议允禵之非。乃向允禵云，汝应下跪。便寂然无声而跪。不遵皇上谕旨。止重阿其那一言。结党背君，公然无忌。
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不仅如此，他俩还直接结为契友了。

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谈论不惜自己互相照顾为大义时，阿其那此辈已互相结为契友。
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《雍正王朝》里他俩塑料得要命，回看历史雍正帝自己给胤祯列的所谓十四项大罪，前三条每条都是几个大字：

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你 和 胤 禩 太 近 了

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1. 允禵性质狂悖。与阿其那尤相亲密。圣祖仁皇帝于二阿哥之案。将阿其那拏问时。召入众阿哥。谕以阿其那谋夺东宫之罪。现交议政究审。允禵与塞思黑、同向圣祖仁皇帝之前。允禵奏云、阿其那并无此心。若将阿其那问罪。我等愿与同罪。圣祖仁皇帝震怒。拔佩刀欲杀允禵。经允祺力劝稍解。将允禵重加责惩。与塞思黑一并逐出。众所共知者一也。
2. 康熙四十八年夏、圣祖仁皇帝避暑口外。恐伊等聚党生事。止令阿其那跟随行走。允禵敝帽故衣。坐小车。装作贩卖之人。私送出口。日则潜踪而随。夜则至阿其那帐房歇宿。密语通霄。踪迹诡异。众所共知者一也。
3. 圣祖仁皇帝知允禵昏愚狂妄。必生事端。因遣往军前。使不得朋匪为恶。而允禵与阿其那、塞思黑、密信往来。曾无间断。机计莫测。众所共知者一也。
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6.其实还有一个兄弟也堕其术中

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但我要卖个关子，暂按不表。

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二、亲爹

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别看后面父子二人闹得那么僵，其实八儿子从小把亲爹蛊得不要不要的。

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在亲爹眼里，八阿哥从小开始，就对才艺展示颇有一些天赋。

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二十六年六月，康熙帝带领7 岁的允禩与其他几位较其稍长的皇子，来到皇太子允礽的书房，让他们分别在诸大臣前诵读经书。
允禩等人以次近前，各读数篇，童音朗朗，舒缓纯熟。康熙帝倍感欣慰，诸臣赞叹不已。
是年八月，允禩第一次随康熙帝巡幸塞外，在此次随扈皇子中年龄最小。
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他十二岁时，随着两位哥哥前往山东祭孔，这时又展现了相看马匹的天赋。

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康熙帝舍去较允禩年长的皇五子允祺和皇七子允祐，选派允禩随同两位皇兄前往，自有深意。允禩尚在少年，已具有骑术精湛，善于相马等特长。途中，凡由京城送至马匹，首先由允禩试骑，其后再定是否由允祉、胤禛等骑用。
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亲爹统兵亲征噶尔丹，八阿哥屁颠屁颠跟着出征。

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他们在鄂尔多斯围猎，因猎获野兔极多，康熙甚感惊奇，写信给皇太子，详细描述了打猎的情况。

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谕皇太子：十二日，驻跸宽托洛惠。本设双层围，兔雉丰盛，不可言状。朕四十多岁何处未行，未见如此兔丰。放围无分主仆，唯猎射，并无闲暇，朕殪一百三十八只，大阿哥殪五十九只，三阿哥殪五十五只，八阿哥殪五十只。裕亲王殪二十只，北围殪五只，为极少者。
……十三日驻跸。本两层围猎，雉少，兔与十二日同。自朕躬以下至猎人，前日殪兔力竭，手指皆肿而不能射，朕殪八十三只，大阿哥殪四十一只，三阿哥殪四十三只，八阿哥殪三十九只，打围人共殪一千四百四十二只。未计鄂尔多斯猎人所殪数额，……
十六日驻跸吉格苏泰。设双层围场，雉甚多，兔与前同。朕殪一百二十二只，大阿哥殪五十九只，三阿哥殪五十五只，八阿哥殪五十四只，裕亲王殪二十二只，围场之人殪一千二百十五只。未计蒙古人围猎之数。
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大阿哥、三阿哥都是骑射功夫极好的皇子。

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大阿哥才七岁，就能射中老虎。

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康熙十八年年底，玄烨在南苑行围，“纵虎出圈，命众驱逐，皇第五子保清（大阿哥乳名）亲射，中之”。保清即皇长子胤禔，当时也只有 7 周岁。这样年幼的孩子追射凶猛异常的老虎，尽管旁边有人保护，也要冒很大危险，足见玄烨在培养儿子方面，具有不同一般为父之人的胆魄。
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不同于刻板印象里的书呆子，三阿哥的骑射，甚至还要好过大阿哥。

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皇三子胤祉的弓箭和枪法，还要超过他的两位兄长，无论参加行围或较射，他往往是命中率最高的射手之一。据马国贤神甫回忆，玄烨晚年在热河时，喜欢在围猎之余，“观看他的满洲摔跤手们角斗，也常常命令他的孙子们及其他高级将领在他面前进行较射。有时，他甚至加入与他的第三个儿子(胤祉)比赛的行列，因为这个儿子的箭法几乎同他父亲一样好”。
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从胤禩所射兔的数量与大阿哥、三阿哥几乎相同可见，胤禩的骑射功夫也十分不错。

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而最使胤禩从诸位阿哥中脱颖而出，成为亲爹爱子的，则是他出类拔萃的管理能力。

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三十五年二月，康熙帝第一次亲征噶尔丹。15 岁的胤禩，在 6 位随征皇子中年龄最小。

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亲征期间，他跟随康熙帝身边，奉命管理火器营，并得到了父亲的“嘉美诗”。

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戎行亲莅制机宜，栉沐风霜总不辞，随侍晨昏依帐殿，焦劳情事尔应知。
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“你早晚都在我的营帐边随侍左右，

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我为国事的焦虑与辛劳，你应当最能理解呀。”

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是年九月份，康熙帝第二次亲征噶尔丹，从第一次随征的 6 位皇子中挑选 3 人带往。

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四阿哥、五阿哥、七阿哥落选，大阿哥、三阿哥和八阿哥再次随征。

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足以见得，胤禩的表现，给康熙留下了深刻印象。

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\"\"
我儿子真好。
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他受封贝勒，以及大阿哥、三阿哥受封郡王，都是因为三人在随驾亲征噶尔丹的表现，以及平时的印象，都非常不错。

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八阿哥受封贝勒的当年，经康熙帝指婚，娶安亲王岳乐的外孙女郭络罗氏为嫡福晋。

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郭络罗氏母家的背景，可谓非常深厚。她的外公安亲王岳乐，可谓是清朝顺治、康熙年间功勋卓著的名将。顺治帝一度想把皇位传给他，在平定三藩之乱的时候，他更是立下了汉马功劳。

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康熙择选具有如此母家背景之人为儿媳，惟有当他对该子印象甚佳时，方会为之。

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之后八阿哥惹爹生气，爹左忍右忍，终于忍不了了——

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于是把气全撒在了儿媳和她的舅舅们身上。

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允祀素受制于妻，其妻系安郡王岳乐之女所出，安郡王因谄媚辅政大臣，遂得亲王。其妃系索额图之妹，世祖皇帝时记名之女子。其子马尔浑、景熙、吴尔占等，俱系允祀妻之母舅，并不教训允祀之妻，任其嫉妒行恶，是以允祀迄今尚未生子。
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爹：都怪你们不管好我儿媳！

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八福晋：？

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\"\"
个死老头把我当你们 play 的一环是吧？
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从此以后的十年，胤禩一直受到父皇的宠爱和倚重。

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单单这十年里，他拉过的重要磨就有：

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1.管理广善库，所得成就获得裕亲王的赞赏。

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康熙帝曾让允禩管理广善库。允禩借此机会广结人缘，充分施展才干。康熙帝与其兄裕亲王福全自幼感情笃深，后者逝于四十二年六月。“裕亲王病时，曾以广善库为因，力荐允禩有才有德。”福全的看法对康熙帝会产生一定影响。
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2.他和三阿哥一块审理索额图。

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康熙四十二年，太子党的头号人物索额图被拘禁，康熙皇帝在巡行途中手书密旨，派人连夜交给三阿哥允祉和八阿哥允禩，命他们二人秘密审理索额图，并抓捕其同党。这一年允禩只有二十二岁，能够接受这样重大的政治任务，足见康熙帝对他的信任。
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一废太子的时候，胤禩更是风光无两。

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3.他先是和胤禛一起，被留在京城代理政事——名字居然还在他的四哥前面。

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这在严格遵循长幼尊卑的古代，是意义极其特殊的。

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4.在允礽的乳公凌普被从内务府总管一职撤下后，胤禩不但承担了内务府总管的职责，甚至还负责了查抄凌普。

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康熙四十七年一废太子时，康熙帝命允禩、胤禛二人留京办事，其中允禩署理内务府总管，名字也罕见地被列在了兄长胤禛之前。
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毙鹰事件大家应该都多少有所耳闻。

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八阿哥不听话，给亲爹气完了，大骂：他竟敢还上奏说自己冤枉，他冤枉在哪里？！！！

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伊摺内奏称冤抑。试问伊所谓冤抑者何在。
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但大家估计不太知道：

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康熙还写过一封给家人的信，信中为允禩呈献毙鹰一事开脱。。

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亲爹：我知道他冤枉在哪里。

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\"\"
姑息之爱大爆发 jpg
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三、妈妈们1.养母惠妃

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还是毙鹰事件，还是大家应该不太知道的是：

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毙鹰事件之后，惠妃为了八阿哥，甚至跟康熙大吵一架，吵到外省的督抚都有所耳闻，上奏询问。。

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比如他的养母惠妃，虽然别有亲子允禔，但显然对允禩的关爱更甚。允禔被囚禁时，惠妃“亦奏称其不孝，请置之于法”，无论是真心还是忍痛，毕竟做出了支持康熙帝决策的表态。到康熙五十三年，康熙帝因为“毙鹰事件”痛责允禩，父子之间几乎恩断义绝，而此时的惠妃，或为保护养子起见，与皇帝发生激烈争执，以致外省督抚都有所耳闻。
奴才服思，惠妃主子之事，圣主必是叹恨。然圣主已有年纪，若多烦闷，恐御体必受苦累。——云贵总督郭严奏折
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嗯，养母为了养子跟丈夫大吵一架的含金量……

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后来雍正继位，母妃都要出宫由儿子们赡养。惠妃乐呵呵地就跑到八阿哥家里住了。

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慧妃母妃、乃大阿哥之生母、允禩之慈母也。允禩少時、即為慧妃母妃所撫養。朕因大阿哥獲罪禁鋼。其諸子又少不知事。意欲奉養於允禩之邸。因遣人詢問慧妃母妃。慧妃母妃欣然允從。
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2.全体妈妈们

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在雍正看来，八阿哥甚至还把所有妈妈们都给蛊惑了！

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雍正想死都想不明白为啥自己登基三年母妃没一个来看自己，差人都没差过。

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想了想又把锅推给八阿哥。

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肯定是胤禩的问题！是胤禩让妈妈们都不来看我！

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都是魅魔的问题！

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彼时允祹、酌议诸位母妃移府之礼。允祹议奏内、有朕思念诸位母妃之时、即令入宫相见等语。朕以诸位母妃、岂有召入相见之礼。深责允祹之非。迄今三年以来、诸位母妃、未曾遣人至朕前一问起居。诸位母妃、深居府中、一切皆诸王主持。此必允禩从中阻挠。诸王亦遂观望不前耳。
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四、亲伯父&堂弟

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皇子们唯一的亲伯父，康熙唯一的哥哥，裕亲王福全，也深深受到他八侄子的蛊惑。

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前文提到，在这些侄子中，大阿哥和他这个亲伯父的关系尤为不好。太子胤礽与自己这位宽厚温和，谦虚自持的亲伯父，亦关系不佳。

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而本答中的大魅魔八阿哥，蛊得他力荐“有才有德”、“心性好，不务矜夸”。

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这一份支持，甚至还在一定程度上左右过康熙的决定。

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一废太子期间，玄烨谈到胤禩时说：“…… 乃若八阿哥之为人，诸臣奏称其贤，裕亲王存日亦曾奏言八阿哥心性好，不务矜夸。”有的学者指出，福全去世前，曾向玄烨揭发皇太子胤礽的种种劣迹，同时赞扬胤禩聪明能干，品行端正，建议玄烨立后者为储君。这次谈话后不久，胤礽的主要支持者索额图即被拘禁，看来玄烨已考虑皇兄的建言，认为胤禩 “是可以代替胤礽做皇太子的人选之一。”
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而他的儿子，继承了他的王爵的保泰，也从小与魅魔的关系最为亲昵友好。

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被康熙帝养在宫中、待如亲子的侄儿保泰就和八阿哥允禩关系最好。
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甚至到了雍正初年，保泰还在为了八阿哥和八阿哥的党羽跟雍正作对。

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雍正气完了，骂他小时候教保泰算术，保泰居然不感恩。

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况保泰幼年初在大内行走之时，皇考令朕教习经书算法，率领指示行走。保泰受朕思顾甚深。又伯母之事，伊全家俱赖朕成全。朕藩邸人皆知之也。朕于保泰，所施之恩，伊此生何可负哉？
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五、以妻族为首的一大堆宗室亲戚

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这帮宗室亲戚，对魅魔八阿哥堪称鞍前马后，死活都要跟着八阿哥。

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\"\"
我啊，现在只想做八王子的狗，做八王子的狗真的是太好了……
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近亲有之前提到的那堆兄弟、亲爹、亲妈养妈其他妈、亲伯父裕亲王福全、亲堂哥裕亲王保泰和堂侄子广宁外，还有亲伯叔恭亲王常宁的后代镇国公满都护；

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魅魔他老婆是安亲王岳乐的亲孙女，从小被外公接到家里养，几个舅舅把她宠上天了，魅魔也沾了喜气，蛊惑得这帮子舅舅乐颠颠地给他当枪使，把复立的太子拉下马。

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五十年八月，托合齐举办党派宴会。过后不久，八福晋的舅舅景熙便乘机上奏，轻飘飘地指控托合齐在“安郡王丧期一周年已过、 二周年未满”的时候，均与官员宴饮，未依例为安郡王服丧, 有悖属人礼制。
托合齐只是在除服后, 于二十七个月丧期内宴饮, 不算什么重罪，更何况康熙一向比较宽厚，这样的罪名不会让托合齐受什么大苦的；但查下去却发现，这次会饮所参加的人大有问题。
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远一点的宗亲，什么八大铁帽子王之一简亲王雅尔江阿和他儿子镇国公永谦、褚英后代贝子苏努与镇国公阿布兰、奉恩辅国公灏善的后代汝福与佛保、贝子鲁宾等等，

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数都数不完的宗亲，都变成了魅魔的狗，魅魔拿牵引绳牵都牵不过来。

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六、传教士

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作为康熙颇为宠信的一小支外国团体，传教士特别喜欢吃瓜，而且经常吃到大瓜。

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在他们口中，八阿哥的画风是这样的：

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正如我所说，皇长子最怕的就是第八子，人们普遍认为他是上天赐给政府的礼物。
As I said, more than any other of his brothers the Prince fearedthe eighth-born son, by common consent a young man who was Heaven's gift to government.
根据皇帝陛下的指令，他向老亲王历数长长一串他的先辈所犯的罪过，他责备老亲王这一支脉的世世代代始终都暗地里和当政的这一支脉作对。当念到老亲王本身的过错时，……详细列举了他当上了旗帅以后所犯的好几个错误，其中有当年已故皇帝废黜皇太子，征求大臣们意见，以图另改选一位亲王时，老亲王投了八阿哥① 的票。
① 即已故皇帝的第八子。所有的大臣们不管是满族还是汉族都赞同他当皇太子，所以，如果说这是一个错误的话，那大家都犯了同一错误。—— 原注
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传教士：根据我们所得信息判断，所有人都忍不住对上天赐给清朝的礼物犯错了。

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\"\"
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七、朝鲜人

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作为明朝的藩属国，朝鲜阴暗地认为清朝就是得位不正。

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于是，在几乎整个康朝，朝鲜都在积极发掘你清药丸的证据：

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康熙坏啊！太坏了！你清药丸！

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\"\"
康熙天天打猎瞎玩，荒淫无道，你清药丸！
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\"\"
康熙性情暴躁，你清药丸！
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康熙居然节俭，不可能，肯定是抠门，你清药丸！
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天啊康熙只懂满文，你清药丸！
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什么康熙居然会汉文，你清药丸！
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天啊太子这个德行，你清药丸！
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当然，朝鲜人不傻，知道康熙比较好，只是不肯承认。

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\"\"
谁喜欢康熙我们孤立谁，因为你清药丸！
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直到雍正上位之后，他们对康熙的风评才好转回来：

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康熙好啊，太好啊，好极了啊！
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在这种情况下，朝鲜人（在康熙本朝）对胤禩的态度居然是：

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皇子们都望之没有人形，但其中皇八子好像好那么一点，也不是说就很好啦，就是好一点。嗯。
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朝鲜人：对不起，我们也对上天赐给清朝的礼物犯错了。

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八、大臣1.康熙朝的大臣

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大臣们被魅魔蛊惑得命都不要了，就跟着皇上对着干。

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康熙朝一废太子的时候，所有人不顾康熙暗示，就是要立八阿哥。

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这样的结果，对在位近五十年，自以为对朝廷局面如臂使指的康熙皇帝会产生怎样的打击，读者自可想见。自己培植、任用的满朝文武，居然为了一个年轻、没有功绩、母家卑微的允禩而揣着明白装糊涂，不惜悖逆自己的圣意，这是多么令人恐惧而且不可思议的事啊！
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康熙急眼了，放弃了所有繁文缛节，就要复立废太子。

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于是就连康熙朝的重臣、老臣，康熙帝的母舅、岳父，“佟半朝”佟国维都因为小小一只魅魔，公然跟康熙开干：

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你一直以来做得很好，但把储君的废立当儿戏，是不是有点离大谱了？咱能不能说话算话？

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皇上办事精明，天下人无不知晓，断无错误之处。此事于圣躬关系甚大，若日后皇上易于措处，祈速赐睿断，或日后难于措处，亦祈速赐睿断，总之将原定主意熟虑施行为善。
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-

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清代校勘学“创始的人”何焯，康熙朝的时候供职于武英殿修书，被康熙指派为八阿哥的伴读。

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何焯这个人刚正耿直，光明磊落，原则强烈，脾气很火爆，一连跟自己的两任老师闹得都很不愉快。

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然而，面对魅魔的攻势，何焯立马堕其术中了，连女儿都送给魅魔一家抚养。

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先生回南路上平安，何日到家？我家内外人等俱好，女先生亦好。先生女儿在此极好，更不必挂怀。
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-

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康熙宠臣李光地，到了康熙朝末期，还在那里：几个王子里面，八阿哥最贤能呀~

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大学士李光地告假回闽，今又奉特旨带病进京，闻系为立储之事诏彼密议，奴才闻知惊心，特于彼处相探，彼云“目下诸王，八王最贤”等语。
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-

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康熙宠臣明珠的儿子揆叙，学问甚好，谨慎敦厚，康熙看着就喜欢，天天念叨，不幸过世得早，于是念叨得更多了，送他谥号“文端”。

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（揆叙）议论识鉴词藻压倒诸人， 朕昔知为满洲第一，今日汉人中亦推第一矣。
掌院下世再欲得如此（揆叙）一人，良不易得。
毕，上又曰： “翰林院学士甚属紧要，自揆叙没后，朕再四思维，并不得称此职之人。必须学问优长，善于钤束，不畏人之人，方好。”
上又曰： “揆叙学问甚好，为人甚是谨慎敦厚，殊属可惜。朕因伊年少，并未当面嘉奖，不特朕惜之，即诸人无有不惜之者。”
大学士马齐奏曰：“揆叙年少老成，不但学问好，九卿及议政之事亦甚好。伊记性远胜臣等，不惟皇上深惜，举朝满汉大臣官员俱为惜之。一闻其没，俱往吊唁。”
内阁学士常鼐奏曰： “揆叙所学不但超出满洲之中，即汉人中亦少。”
上曰：“然。诚为可惜。”
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当然这样一位美好的小伙，他其实也被魅魔轻轻地蛊惑，跟康熙对着干。

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及二阿哥既废。揆叙与廷臣、暗通消息。各人手心俱写一八字。众所共知者一也。
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-

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康熙的宠臣阿灵阿，太师遏必隆第七子，孝昭仁皇后之弟，康熙喜欢极了，时不时送点什么，生病后派御医调治，还命公主做饭赏赐给他。

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阿灵阿去世后，康熙深为可惜，让好几个皇子都给他送灵。

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康熙年间倚重的重臣，“凡一切军机奏议无不恰合上心，一时大臣无有出其右者。圣祖仁皇帝恩遇甚隆，常赐上方动用之件及上亲乘名马。”康熙四十三年，赐御书“崇先裕后”匾额命皇十子胤䄉来悬。康熙五十五年三月，得疾，即遣御医调治，复赐御制药教以调养，康熙又亲占易卦甚吉，特谕晓之，后病稍愈。康熙驾至边外，病之好坏令每日奏闻，不时遣内侍看视。因服药无效，不思饮食，康熙命二公主（固伦荣宪公主）制饭赐之。围内所得狍鹿等鲜物赐之。时有西洋名医奉诏看视。至十月二十一日卒，享年四十七岁。康熙闻之，甚为悼惜，著左翼王贝勒吊唁，遣镶黄旗一旗大臣侍卫至奠茶酒，赐上驷马四匹，银两千两，令分属九佐领官兵俱穿孝服。皇太后（孝惠章皇后）遣首领赐茶饭，妃嫔皆遣首领赐茶奠酒至发引前一日遣首领送灵。发引之日，康熙命皇四子胤禛、皇五子胤祺、皇十子胤䄉，皇十七子胤礼以及镶黄一旗大臣侍卫护送，又命十七阿哥福晋亦送至墓所。追谥敏恪立碑墓上。
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虽然康熙那么宠爱他，但他也被魅魔蛊惑，犯了错。

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康熙五十三年冬、圣祖仁皇帝驻跸遥亭。……圣祖仁皇帝愤怒。严讯伊之护卫、及太监等。朋党奸谋。尽行显露。其太监冯进朝、供称鄂伦岱、阿灵阿、系伊逆党。
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不止他本人，他的儿子也子承父业，被魅魔蛊惑得颠三倒四，官都不做了也要跟皇帝对着干。

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况此奸党之风。如阿灵阿之子阿尔松阿、苏努之子勒什享等、皆继其父志、而奸恶过焉。似此毫无忌惮。父子相承。先后济恶。实为国家之大患。
阿尔松阿往天津料理监务时，甚属明白可嘉，以为可而用之，乃降旨之时，疑欲杀伊，抵死固辞。
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还有更多更多，数不胜数的康朝大臣们，全部都对魅魔八阿哥犯了错，没给爹留下啥人。

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对不起，皇上，你儿子真香。
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2.雍正朝大臣

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雍正朝的大臣更不得了了，别说基本操作之为了维护魅魔跟皇帝对着干了，魅魔都死了，他们心里还装着个魅魔，继续跟皇帝对着干。

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对不起，皇上，你弟弟真香。
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佟国纲的儿子鄂伦岱，仗着自己是皇亲国戚，天王老子来了也不服，上怼康熙雍正两任皇帝，下虐弟弟法海。

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他爸佟国纲[2]被这个儿子气疯了，上奏康熙，要求康熙把这个儿子杀了算数。

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然而，显赫的身份带给鄂伦岱却是刚愎自用，狂傲不羁的性格弱点，就连他的父亲佟国纲都不被他放在眼里。两人是关系极为不佳，经常性的争执，以至于佟国纲不惜上奏康熙“请诛其子”，弄得满堂皆知，佟家颜面无存。
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结果他爸康熙二十九年战死，马革裹尸，为了体恤他家，康熙还是把他爸的爵位承袭给了鄂伦岱。（笑死了）

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康熙二十九年（1690 年），佟国纲在“乌兰布通之战”中死战殉国，鄂伦岱却袭承了佟国纲的一等公的爵位，不知道此时的佟国纲如果泉下有知的话，会不会死不瞑目。
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他弟弟法海出身下贱，是佟国纲的侍婢所生。鄂伦岱十分看不起法海，百般虐待，甚至还不给法海的生母入祖坟。

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面对如此优秀的弟弟，鄂伦岱只是因为他的卑微的出身就对其母子颇为歧视，特别是在佟国纲去世后，鄂伦岱更加的肆无忌惮、任意虐待。甚至在法海的母亲去世后，鄂伦岱还不准其葬入佟家祖坟。这样就使得鄂伦岱与法海这对兄弟之间结下了深仇大恨，从此是老死不相往来。
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康熙拿他当侍卫，他把康熙当表哥。

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好消息：他俩确实是亲戚。

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坏消息：鄂伦岱连他爸都不吊，那么他对表哥的看法是_______？

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答：照样不吊，请安都不请，就在旁边跟别的侍卫射箭玩儿，气得康熙骂他：小兔崽子你是真找死啊？

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信不信我今个代替你爸教训你？
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鄂伦岱选择——？

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答：鄂伦岱选择了无视。

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及在热河皇考圣体违和之时，并未请安一次，其意颇以为快，在热河宫门前每日较射欢笑。其后皇考于行围地方向鄂伦岱云：尔甚无恩情，尔所作之罪不可胜数，实为可杀之人。伊承旨之下毫无畏惧，倨傲如故，亲随侍卫等不胜愤恨，人人髪指，因此皇考愤懑终日。
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康熙气完了，一条条数他的罪过，叫人拿鞭子抽他。

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在热河时，皇考圣体甚是违和，大臣侍卫等俱请安求瞻仰圣颜。惟鄂伦岱并不请安，且率同乾清门侍卫等，每日较射游戏。鄂伦岱罪恶多端，皇考行围哨鹿时悉数其罪，令侍卫五哥鞭责之。
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到了雍正朝，面对表哥的儿子，鄂伦岱选择——

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答：照样吊也不吊。

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雍正对佟佳氏加恩，他不奏谢。

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伊之父祖朕俱厚加恩典，冀其悛改过恶，为朕出力。而鄂伦岱结党之心坚如金石，并无感激报效之念。以为朕之加恩于其父祖皆因隆科多之力所致，与己无涉，在朕前并无一语奏谢。
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雍正整顿吏治，清除异己，搞得差不多了，群臣都在下面陪笑脸，就只有他一个人低头冷笑。

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朕每召诸王大臣等颁发谕旨，鄂伦岱从未有一次点首心服。前召旗下大臣面谕云，近日是臣等办事将从前积习已改十之七八，若再整顿一二年便可全改。朕尝虑向来恶习恐非诛戮一二人不能挽回，今看来可不用诛戮矣，为此朕心甚喜，诸臣无不点首喜动颜色，惟鄂伦岱略无喜容，俯首冷笑。彼时朕即欲降旨诘责，已而中止。
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雍正问他手下有个人做事如何，他压根不认识这个人就说这人平常。

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雍正骂他：你胡说。

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他直接说：我就是胡说啊。给雍正气晕了。

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昨因办理旗下之事，在众人前将一原当侍卫之人问鄂伦岱：此人何如？鄂伦岱并未认识妄奏云：此人平常。朕责以尔在皇考时身为大臣存心狡狯，只知顾惜身家，不肯实心出力，苟且欺罔，朕所稔知，此等处朕屡经开谕，毫不悛改。今日在众人前又如此诳奏，是诚何意？鄂伦岱奏云：我信口回奏。含忿摇头，故激朕怒。
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他甚至在乾清门院子里掀开衣服就尿，把雍正气死了。

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又一年元旦清晨，在乾清门院内掀衣而溺，朕见之骇异，知其行同畜类。
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雍正顾忌他是太后、太皇太后两任国舅爷的后人，搞了容易被骂不孝，不然早掐死他了。

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就这样一个人，一个拽哥，一个天底下头等无君无父的法外狂徒，

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他面对魅魔展现出了如何的定力呢？

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答：无定力，已狠狠堕其术中。

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就是这个八阿哥爽！
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康熙被八儿子送的老鹰气完了，审问八儿子的下属，问谁是魅魔的党羽，下属当场指认了鄂伦岱。

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他没话说了还要硬说，跪在旁边，也不管自己能不能回话，直接丢给人家一个问句：你说我与你主子一党，你主子与过我何物？

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圣怒当日因允禩得罪在要亭地方，将伊门下太监审讯。太监云：阿灵阿、鄂伦岱乃我主子之党，问他二人便知。彼时阿灵阿、鄂伦岱在傍，俱无言可辩，顔色改变良久，但称：我既系你主子之党，平日曽送过何物？你主子曽赏过我何物？
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回头康熙越想越气[3]，回宫的时候沿途一直在骂鄂伦岱，走了三十里就骂了三十里，一直没消气。

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鄂伦岱叼都不叼。

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当时还只是雍亲王的雍正：……？

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\"\"
这，这对吗……？
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次年春，皇考从霸州回銮，自行宫起身至南红门，言及鄂伦岱等结党之事，皇考震怒，沿途切责鄂伦岱，行至三十里而圣怒未解。鄂伦岱悍然不知畏惧，亦无一毫爱君之心，朕在旁悚惕不安之甚，
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雍正忍不住了，要拉人劝劝康熙，结果康熙从旁边出来，鄂伦岱甚至变本加厉，以至于康熙看到他的脸就开喷。

\n

得亏是劝住了，不然又有好戏看呢。（不是

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及圣驾出，而鄂伦岱仍悍然向前迎立以触圣怒，致皇考复严加切责，娄徵额进前奏劝，朕遂泣奏云：皇父圣体初愈，此等悖逆之人何足屡烦圣怒，乱臣贼子自有国法，若交与臣便可即行诛戮。因朕恳奏再三，皇考之怒方解。
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到了雍正朝，鄂伦岱还是横着走，对魅魔的宠爱（？）也变本加厉，倾身回护，代替魅魔上奏。

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之前子承父业，同堕八阿哥术中的阿尔松阿也来帮腔，两人就这样一起违抗皇帝。

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于是鄂伦岱甚至抗衡圣旨，将雍正给的圣旨丢在地板上，将死罪揽在己身，悍傲已极。

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朕即位以来效法皇考，仍不念其罪恶，施恩保全。乃伊每事扰乱，倾身回护阿其那，因阿其那佐领一事，在外于众人前一番议论，在内代伊启奏，显露悖逆之状，将朕所交硃批谕旨掷于乾清门地上，在朕前举止抗横，为人臣者当如是乎？
朕有硃批谕旨降与阿尔松阿者，令鄂伦岱转交，乃鄂伦岱于乾清门众人前将朕旨掷之于地，且极力党护阿尔松阿，将其死罪承认在身，愍不畏死，顽悍已极。
\n

雍正破大防。

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鄂伦岱：可魅魔就是魅魔啊，你算鸡毛。（抠鼻

\n

-

\n

额尔金是十阿哥的长史，也在魅魔主管的上驷院工作。

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仗着自己是魅魔的人，对皇帝就开始傲慢无礼啊！太坏了！

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额尔金在上驷院行走时，依附允禩，为其党与。所以敢在朕前傲慢者，恃有此耳。伊实为允禩党内凶悍之人，愈见皇考知人之明，昭昭不爽。朕之复用额尔金，甚属错误。
\n

-

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有个武会元叫金昆，雍正想要用他，把他安排到魅魔主管的工部下。

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没想到魅魔看见金昆这孔武有力的肌肉，啊不对，发达的大脑，馋了。

\n

金昆看见魅魔，那更是走不动路了，魂都被勾走了，硬是把魅魔当成知己，给雍正气死了。

\n
上諭：工部主事金昆昔年曾在府中绘画行走，朕因其从武会元出身，识得数字，故令改授文职。伊籤掣工部主事，自到工部诸事把持招摇放纵，廉亲王居心巧诈，事事任用，凡有差使俱将金昆派出，搪塞其意，以为金昆有过，天下必加朕以私用匪人之名也。金昆亦倚廉亲王为知已，肆行无忌，大负朕恩。着将金昆革职，令在内庭禁锢行走效力。如不能改过自新或又多事，必从重治罪。
\n

-

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当然，金昆不只是个例。

\n

事实上，八阿哥管理下的全体上驷院和工部全体官员，全部都被魅魔上司蛊得神魂颠倒，任由魅魔摆布。

\n
尔工部官员等，受皇考数十年教养之恩，当念君臣大义，为朕竭力尽心以图报称，勿因允禩之甘言诡计为其所惑。允禩故为小心谨畏，于属员则作噢咻体恤之状，……
允禩居心行事如此。尔诸大臣、定已尽知。惟是工部上驷院两衙门官员人等、恐不知廉亲王之居心奸诈。一堕其术中。便为所累。朕岂忍两衙门之臣下、为伊所愚弄乎。用是再加晓谕。非令尔等、每事与伊抗拒。但令尔等、于办事效力之处、一归于正、勿被伊引诱惑乱而已。
\n

虽然雍正觉得大家应该都已经认出了魅魔的真面目，但大臣们还是纷纷堕其术中，同情魅魔，心甘情愿跟着魅魔受罚。

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乃在廷诸臣，为廉亲王所愚，反以朕为过于苛刻，为伊抱屈。即朕屡降谕旨之时，观众人神色，未尝尽以廉亲王为非。惟舅舅隆科多、大将军年羹尧、大学士王顼龄、侍郎沈近思，曾在朕前陈奏：一年以来，大小臣工因廉亲王贻累者甚多，乃甘心忍受，并不归怨廉亲王。而廉亲王恬然自安，全不知愧，又不念及国法，全无恐惧。此党援之终不能解散者也。
\n

不仅如此，这些官员还纷纷觉得皇帝真是太坏了，居然加害魅魔。

\n
尔工部官员等，受皇考数十年教养之恩，当念君臣大义，为朕竭力尽心以图报称，勿因允禩之甘言诡计为其所惑。允禩故为小心谨畏，于属员则作噢咻体恤之状，其心实欲败坏事务，且知朕必能察出，将众人治罪，以彰朕之苛刻，俾众人感伊而归怨于朕，其居心大抵如此。
\n

大臣们：对不起皇上，你弟弟真好！没忍住，犯错了！

\n
\"\"
就是这个魅魔爽！
\n

-

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就连年羹尧跟雍正上奏时都说：嗯，廉亲王的风味确实好点。

\n
其允禟语无伦次，心地浅诈，竭力做哭介而无眼泪，故为亲热煦煦孑孑之状，盖有意学廉亲王而细致则远不及也。
\n

九阿哥：（装哭）（亲热）（演技大爆发）

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年羹尧：（眼前看着九阿哥）（脑子已经飘到千里之外的京城想起可爱的廉亲王)

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年羹尧：并没有说我已经堕其术中，但魅魔确实挺可爱的。嗯。

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\"\"
\n

-

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魅魔的功力深厚，哪怕在物质上已经离去，精神上还存在于人们心中。

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具体体现为死了还能结党，可能目的是吸活人精气。

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这些人的名字，包括但不限于：鲁尔金、乌尔陈、苏尔金、库尔陈，法海、佛保、达尔当阿、托什、查弼纳，萧永藻、诺岷、高成龄、董永芠、四格、李凤翥、锡保，每个名字拿出来都是响当当的倒霉，哦不对，不能在魅魔面前卓然自立的愚蠢呀！

\n

甚至酒老师@不沾一滴酒 扒出来，都雍正十二年了，魅魔都去世八年了，大义觉迷录也被强制宣传好几年了，在雍正提拔的官员私下八卦里，邪恶的魅魔阿其那竟然还是【圣祖的八阿哥】【圣祖密旨说他确实好】

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\"\"
太恐怖了，简直是脑控啊！怪不得说被魅魔骗一次终身受骗！
\n

雍正都崩溃了，说自己就没见过不会被魅魔蛊惑的汉子。

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尔若不为塞思黑之奸恶所欺骗，能坚持初到大同之心，则将为朕多加夸奖，可惜已枉然了，然而朕将宽恕之。若与阿其那、塞思黑在一处两个月，不为伊等奸计所动之汉子，不被欺骗之聪慧之人亦少矣。
朱批：此不过楚仲防汝之论耳，已被塞思黑之愚矣，与阿其那、塞思黑对面数日，有能不被二人之奸诈所愚者，朕未见也。
\n

九、全体清朝民众

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皇帝忍无可忍，把魅魔圈禁起来，免得魅魔又去勾引他人。

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结果民间居然传出谣言，说“八佛被囚，军民怨新主”，魅魔不知道为何被人当成了佛。

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皇帝崩溃了，怒发一万条反问：他哪里佛了？佛在哪里？where is 佛？

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阿其那等心怀奸恶，扰乱国政，煽惑人心，邀买美名，结交匪类，徧处称扬伊善，不过欺人而已，岂能欺上天皇考乎？阿其那等承欢皇考者何处？效力者何处？有裨国家者何处？利济军民者何处？施恩臣工者何处？有益兄弟者何处？且当皇考圣明在御之时，阿其那为皇子，何得交结外人，不曾与政事，有何善足称，遂至人目之为佛者，何故耶？
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清朝民众：对不起皇上，我们也已经堕其术中了。

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十、其实皇帝也被魅魔蛊惑了。

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那到底为什么会达成这个效果呢？

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因为皇帝本人也（曾）堕其术中，甚至房子都在魅魔的隔壁。

\n

历史上胤禛和胤禩的关系到底怎么样？

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把皇上四哥也算进去，那么单单前十二个序齿 + 未早夭的兄弟，被魅魔蛊惑到的就足足有六个了，占一半。（嗯。

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但皇帝精通觉迷技巧，凭借自己坚定的意志力爬了出来。

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哦！伟大的雍正帝！

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于是雍正帝汲取自身教训，号召大家一定要远离魅魔。结果一扭头，大家还是在堕其术中！

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哦，可怜的雍正帝！

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可惜的是哥们早年堕其术中的痕迹太多，骂个魅魔都要先把自己的存在从魅魔身边摘出去才能骂。

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甚至偶尔还不小心觉迷失败，吐露一些堕其术中的发言。

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年羹尧：并没有说我已经堕其术中，但魅魔确实挺可爱的。嗯。

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雍正：就是说！其他人真是丑妇效颦，万不及一！

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其允禟语无伦次，心地（朱批：秉性）浅诈，竭力做哭（朱批，虽诈，这还好）介而无眼泪，故为亲热煦煦孑孑之状，盖有意学廉亲王而（朱批：丑妇效颦，万不及一！）细致则远不及也。
\n

嗯，你让雍正承认魅魔貌比西施他是不会承认的，但要是别人试着学魅魔哭，雍正就会骂别人丑妇效颦了。

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\"\"
中国人啊，如果只是想开天窗是得说要砸墙的 jpg
\n

好在他儿子乾隆帮他擦了屁股，编的《实录》里基本把雍正口不择言骂魅魔的痕迹全删掉了。

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十一、但另一个儿子就没那么省心了。

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三阿哥·又长高了·大清巨人·弘时，他命中注定的瑛贵人不在后宫。

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在真实历史中，他命中注定的瑛贵人在前朝，正是他的魅魔八叔。

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魅魔：三阿哥你要做什么？我是你的八叔！

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三阿哥：我就那么比不上皇阿玛吗？我心里有你，皇阿玛他老了！

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魅魔还没来得及答应（？）就被他爸圈起来了。（大悲）

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他爸雍正折腾八叔，给他折腾急眼了，跟他爸水灵灵地对着干，给爹气完了。

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早在雍正三年三月，雍正在给诸王的谕旨中就提出：“今尔诸宗室闻朕谕旨，心中以为是者有之，以为不是者亦有之，朕岂能必宗室皆以此旨为是而遵行乎，即朕之子亦不能保其必行。”雍正说，他所下达的谕旨，即使在皇家、皇族的宗室中，有人以为对，也有人以为不对而不执行。即使是自己的儿子，也不能保证其一定会执行。这个“朕之子”当然就是指弘时，说明弘时对其父的政策、行为，多有分歧乃至违抗，已确是事实。
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雍正：我给你高出亲王的待遇，你这小兔崽子胳膊肘还往外拐？！

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三阿哥：可是八叔就是魅……哦不是，八叔可是八叔啊！

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雍正：你既然要为你八叔求情，就去做他的儿子好了。

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\"\"
我恨极了你们这帮被魅魔蛊惑的蠢货。
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尔等前为弘时请旨，时朕欲颁谕旨。朕禾念知弘时，断不可留内，故特颁旨诸王、大臣断决，以与允禩为子。今已将允禩治罪，掣回带子，从玉牒除名。将弘时既与伊为子，不能不掣回弘时之带子，著將弘时带子掣回。（此为朕深思依理所办之事，)尔等勿得屡加(妄)奏。{治一小人罪时，朕亦慎重，惟恐受冤枉,岂有将弘时强行治罪之理？}(要治允禩逐出宗室之罪，确实意外，此亦弘时之命。但弘时虽系允禩之子，若不交给他入管束，任其安行，亦有关系脸面之处。{将弘时}(其名亦令更改，将此)交付允裪，虽非叔子，仍准管养之。钦此。
\n

于是儿子乾隆上台后又开始给爹擦屁股。

\n
又谕、从前三阿哥、年少无知。性情放纵。行事不谨。皇考特加严惩。以教导朕兄弟等。使知儆戒。今三阿哥已故多年。朕念兄弟之谊。似应仍收入谱牒之内。
\n

大家：对啊，只是和魅魔在一起又有什么错呢。

\n
奏為查三阿哥從前原因阿其那獲罪株連，與本身獲罪撤去黃帶者不同。今已故多年，蒙皇上篤念兄弟之誼，仍收入譜牒，于情理允宜，應欽遵諭旨，將三阿哥仍載入玉牒。俟命下之日交與宗人府辦理。
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乾隆：其实我爸根本不想把魅魔逐出宗籍，他晚年提到这事就不开心，想后悔啊。

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乾隆：这样吧我们把八叔收回玉牒吧。

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圣心如日在天，固众所共仰也。迨皇考晚年，屡向朕谕及此事，辄愀然不乐，意颇悔之，若将留以有待者。朕即位之初，深有念于孔子三年无改之言，未敢遽易成案。今临御四十三年矣。……此事重大，朕若不言，后世子孙亦无敢言者。所有允祀、允禟二人，自不合还其原爵，仍当复其原名，收入玉牒，两人子孙亦当一并叙入。
\n

雍正：你个小兔崽子我 adlhaofaj**^KJYK7

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\"\"
我当年哪里后悔了？！
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乾隆：对不起爸爸，可是我真的很怀念八叔。

\n

天啊，魅魔太可怕了，把皇帝逼成这样啊。太可怜了雍正。

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\n\n\n
查看知乎讨论
\n\n
\n\n\n\n", - "category": "", - "link": "https://daily.zhihu.com/story/9783368", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Wed, 20 Aug 2025 00:27:03 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "资讯", - "feed": "知乎", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "15c2d4366a962017b683f9bda6b4254f", - "highlights": [] - }, { "title": "世界各国的文字几乎都变成了字母文字，为何唯独中国文字两千年来都保持汉字不变？", "description": "
\"头图\"/
\n

几乎所有的回答都有一个默认的前提：语言早于文字。

\n

这怎么可能不对呢？

\n

难道不是先有说话，才可能有记录说话的需求？

\n

我们总在线性思维中整理着自己的过去：

\n
\"\"
插图引子丹尼尔.L.埃弗雷特的《语言的诞生》
\n
这个东西叫做“人工搬运物”。
什么意思？就是说这个像人脸的“石头”，并不是人类雕刻出来的人工产物。
而是很可能早到南方古猿时代，类人猿从自然界中间寻找到的自身形象的觉察物。
这个东西的发现对语言学具有颠覆价值的原因是，它很可能解释了表意文字完全不同于表音文字的“演化历程”。
早在现代智人还没有形成之前，“人工搬运物”作为人类对自身的觉察就已经开始以一种“符号提取”的方式出现在自然物的有意识的选择，而不是制造之中。
这一发现，甚至会撼动人类工具演化的诸多理论。
比如，我们完全可以设想，最早期的工具演化就是一种“人工搬运”。
我们把“尖锐”、“锋利”、“结实”等诸多概念从自然物中“搬运”入自己的工具集里。
因此所有的人类创造，首先必须能够提取“意义”，随后才能制造工具。
这就是表意文字的恐怖之处。
它根本不是语言的“记录”，甚至更合理的猜测是，它反而是语言的缔造者。
——易经的科学原理是什么？
\n

当我们说文字和语言的线性关系的时候，我们其实就已经掉入了题主和大部分答主的前置设定之中。

\n

那就是文字和语言的进化是严格的语言线性的先行的。

\n

但我认为语言人类学的很多发现并不支持这种看起来绝对正确的思维。

\n

就像大卫.格雷伯清晰的证明了，早期人类社会，不存在一个广泛存在的以物易物的交换系统。

\n

丹尼尔.L.埃弗雷特在《语言的诞生》中，也清晰的证明了文字和认知—意识之间的演化关系。

\n

也就是说，文字作为一种符号实践，其诞生的演化需求，很可能要远远早于语言。

\n

我们之所以觉得语言必定早于文字，无非是因为我们把表音文字的语言转化效用，当成了语言的本质，同时也把文字和认知之间的关系，当成了一种绝对教条的——因果关系。

\n

我们下意识的认为，一定必须先有语言作为一种对认知的“显现”，随后才需要文字对这种显现记录。

\n

随后我们认为在动物日常中间的，基于发音的“信息交流”就是语言的母体：

\n
\"\"
摘自布鲁诺.G.巴拉的《认知语用学：交际的心智过程》
\n

但如果我们仔细审查这个信息和语言关系的图标，你会发现信息的交流结构中不存在语言的效用：

\n
这是《认知语用学》里的一副插图，将人类的交际行为和动物的交际行为做了一个对比，我们可以看到“信息提取”——也就是分辨事物——并不是人和动物在交际上的主要区别。同样交际——也就是信息交流——原则上也无需语言的参与。前两种能力的唯一区别是意向性，我们可以简略的把它理解成为是否具有目的性，毕竟当一只狮子在草原上溜达，无意中发现了一只羚羊，并不需要有意为之，不管它是否饥饿，羚羊的形象都会自然的通过狮子发现的线索，出现在它的心灵里，而如果这个发现触发了捕猎，羚羊就成了一个目标，狮子必须跟随这个目标不停的调整自己的行为，如果是合作狩猎，它还需要呼叫同伴，让其和自己拥有共同的目标，围绕目标的一系列的目的性行为，就可以被看作是有意向的。
图例上进一步表示，前两种互动虽然有意向性上的区别，但都是非象征性的，只有人类的交际行为，那种运用语言的交流，才能称之为象征性的。
——第十节：象征之眼
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意向性——表达为对象性陈述为象征性，其实就是对意识的描述。

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所以，严格来说创造工具并不会需要意识，只有有目的，有意象的从物中提取工具的符号形象，才能称之为有意识：

\n
【……伯施和伯施.阿克曼（Boesch and Boesch Achermann，1991）通过对象牙海岸雨林中的野生大猩猩的观察发现，为了让小猩猩学会如何敲碎坚果，猩猩母亲用类似锤子的工具现场展示。事实上，猩猩母亲不仅给小猩猩提供锤子，而且向它演示如何使用锤子、坚果怎么放等细节。……】
这段话摘抄自布鲁诺.G.巴拉的《认知语用学：交际的心智过程》，猩猩母亲掌握了使用工具的能力，考虑到它已经能够从自然物中分离出“锤子”，不得不说大猩猩拥有了某种非常原始的意象。可当它们没有语言的时候，这些意象并不能像概念那样被精确掌握，并用来解释“锤子”的功用。它们传达这些能力的唯一方式就是直观的演示，一遍一遍的，猩猩母亲不停的重复着使用工具的体验，希望孩子在一旁的观察中，能够从它自己的体验里分辨出“锤子”与其他石头的区别（界限），以及作为一个工具的意义。依赖生命体验的实践虽然让大猩猩掌握了某些也许可以称为概念前身的模糊意象，但作为一个没有语言的生灵，它是无法孤立于自己的行为，而将自己的体验传达给其他同类的。
——同上
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而表意文字的整个演化过程，几乎就是人类认知→意识的产生过程。

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也就是说仅仅从语音的信息交流出发，用一种教条的线性进步的逻辑，声称语言中的“意向性陈述”来自于原始的，动物也存在的，语音的信息交流的需求，是极端不合理的。

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这也是为什么即便在香农的信息建模中，我们也照样看不到语义存在的原因：

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\"\"
摘自丹尼尔.L.埃弗雷特的《语言的诞生》
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香农的通信管道隐喻，只能为信息的明确性负责，而根本无法为语义的明确性负责。
毕竟，信息学关心的不是“这句话传达了什么？”，而是“这句话传达了吗？”。
一组编码的可辨别性，和一组编码的“意义”是根本不可能通约的。
主流的认知科学，解决这个问题的方法，是拒绝面对它。
比如乔姆斯基的“UG”，在一种算法逻辑下，关心所谓的“亚人符号”其实说白了，就是想要在自己的语言学理论里，拒绝“语义”这个概念。
本质上，他希望“功能主义”的所谓副现象在这里发挥作用。
也就是说，语言不过是某种类似于“基因编码”的规律性运动，这个规律性运动是一切语言行为的“发动机”；而所谓的语义，不过是这个语言行为的——副现象——也就是发动机的轰鸣声。
在这样的意义上，主流的，遵从于 UG 路径的语言学家们，其实根本不在乎“语义”这么个东西。
这种心态和传统认知心理学根本不在乎“意识”，而只在乎“智能”是一个道理。
在大多数认知学家的视域里，“意识”是一个语义欠明的——缀词。
所以，在主流语言学中，过度的，甚至冗余的对数学的依赖，其实只不过是不停的尝试将语言学转化为一种信息学的趋势罢了。
——被发明的认知：作为文化迁移的语言演化
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这就是为什么我认为表意文字在认知演化上的效用，要远远大于表音文字的原因。

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也就是说，表意符号的实践操作，以百万年为单位，很可能横跨了早期古人种的整个演化历程。

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也因此表意符号演化为表意文字很可能是所有语音最终能够实践为语言的根本前提。

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很好，说清楚了这个问题，我们回到表音文字对表意文字的替代问题上。

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这个问题极度复杂，我只说一个最粗糙的线条。

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在人类神话时代的晚期，部族的迁徙问题，开始表现成为一种“入侵”问题。

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入侵这个概念，不存在与文化体系形成之前。

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没有文化体系，实际上就不会产生迁徙的时间—历史性觉察。

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也就是不会出现祖先、图腾、仪式的传承问题。

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没有这些传承问题，就算是长期定居，也不会形成对地域的文化固着。

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不会形成疆界、领土这样的概念。

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狩猎采集文化可以将法杖伫立的地方比作“世界的中心”。

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也就是说世界是可以被部落从一个地区带到另一个地区，不存在一种时间和空间交汇的，历史的起点。

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部落之间发生冲突，就算是以百年为单位的定居生活被破坏，只要这种定居的文化体系还没有固着在时空中（历史性的前身），那么占领者和迁徙者之间就不存在任何“被侵略”和“侵略”的问题。

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土地和果实没有本质区别。

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但随着表意符号体系的越来越成熟，它不仅要求语音能够传达意向性，这种认知最基底的效用。

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它开始对语言再次产生了符号提起的需求。

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这就是所谓的语义——意义的认知演化，文化在这种演化中产生了。

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语义是构筑一切世界时空（也就是对象化—客观性）认知的基底。

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这种认知带来了“存在性”问题。

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文化为其居住的时空提供了意义，并将这些时空存在化。

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这是一切农耕能够发展为农业文明的根本前提。

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文化人类学发现了广泛存在于早期人类那里的农业停滞问题。

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也就是人类非常早期就已经掌握了发展农业所需要的大量植物培育技术。

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但世界的存在性——意义性追求没有产生之前，对一个地区的深度开发的意愿性是不存在的。

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所以，仅仅依靠地理决定论是不能解释早期人类那里广泛存在的农业停滞问题的。

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只有一种文化体系——祖先 / 神灵崇拜的时空性—历史性回溯，才可能造成对一个地域和一种文化的永恒性绑定问题。

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人类最早的一批定居文化就是这样形成的。

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但紧接着，以原始印欧人横跨欧亚大陆的大迁徙为代表，人类历史上最早的入侵出现了：

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当这些原始印欧人到达他们的新家园时，他们遇到了当地的族群，后者相对要和平一些，不那么尚武好战，从事农耕生产，富于艺术创造力，在社会结构上或许是平等主义的，而且崇拜女神。本土民族拥有发达的审美意识，他们建造二层楼房和美丽的神庙——我们已为这些建筑做了陶土模型。他们还生产优美的彩绘陶器。他们或被库尔干人同化，或被消灭，因为库尔干人驯化了马，又具有军事才能，这都使他们占尽优势。原始印欧人还把他们的语言和宗教强加给本土族群，尽管在因此而形成的“印欧”语言与文化中，本土语言与宗教的一些残迹一直在其底层存在着。这样看来所谓“印欧”，便是库尔干人和古欧洲人相融合的一个结果。
——马丽加.金芭塔丝《活着的女神》
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这个入侵过程，在印度就表现成为一种为了彻底隔离古文明的种姓制度的形成史：

\n
这就是为什么西方的传统文化，也就是常青藤哲学，动不动就要把自己的神秘学谱系，往印度歪，因为实在无法在欧洲去溯源这个传统。
但我一直说，印度断代的问题，比起欧洲，更是一笔烂账。
印度教实际上是雅利安人入侵之后，为了断绝哈拉帕文明的传统而出现的。
而这个断绝的“畸形决策”，直接造成了传统精神的重大创伤。
不要忘了一切传统文化的根，就在对人类传承的根本维护上。
可全世界任何一个地区，也没有印度的种姓制度神学化后的宗教——印度教——更畸形的斩断传承的。
尽管有物质文明的灭绝，甚至可能蔓延到文化精神的遮蔽，但不管如何，没有哪个地区会为了隔绝过去，而发明出一种隔绝的宗教体系。
——周易和塔罗的区别是什么？
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尽管其他地区没有印度这么“决绝”，但广泛的入侵形态的融合，带来的替代问题很可能才是表音文字诞生的一大动力。

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不同的文化产生了剧烈的碰撞，表意实践还没有深入到语义—存在—意义阶段的体系，面临着一个如何吸收“异族语义”的过程。

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这个异族性觉察，还是其占领，侵袭文化提供的。

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也就是民族性是被征服民族提供的奇特结构，带来了一种极端的，需要真理化征服者的需求。

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这是最早的基于外部征服—真理性—客观性对神话性宗教，进行神学性改造的起点。

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绝对的善恶观，将道德律法化，唯一的真理→神的统治——这一切都是征服者通过被征服者的文化，产生的一种荒谬的，怎么说呢……“文明觉醒”？

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表音文字的大发展亦是这种征服—侵略性文明觉醒的一部分。

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注意，我这里不是说表音文字代表着一种侵略性，我是说没有文化体系之间的侵略—征服性的剧烈变动，不同文化的文字交流，不可能如此激烈、急切的表达成为一种语音的符号转译，而不是认知的符号实践。

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实际上古埃及的象形文字的在异族入侵压力下的大变迁，就体现了这一点：

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埃及人和赫梯人的区别该如何建立？如果说在埃及鼎盛时期这一问题可以被忽略，那么当异族已经入主帝国，成为了埃及主人的时候，文化就开始了其“内化”的过程。
这一过程已经无法从当下的危机中寻求力量，反省过去成为了一个契机。
每一个文明、文化、或者民族个体，当它们觉察到自身的存在（这种觉察最容易被文明的存亡危机所激活）的时候，为自己寻求与他者边界的意图就开始变得紧迫了起来。
一个文化工具必须为其存在提供一个过去的源头，这个源头不能再是理所当然的关于当下的自然延展。变化带来的冲击必须的得到解释，觉察正在从流动的体验中渴望寻找到永恒的线索。这就是历史的最初冲动吗？
埃及人选择了神庙作为过去的源头。毕竟在埃及的神话中神庙建立在原初世界那混沌中最初的土堆之上。那是神圣的，那是创世的最高起源。
于是神庙在埃及文化后起的异族危机中开始层层包裹，与外界隔离的欲望在建筑结构的封闭中不停的体现了出来。神庙里的象形文字从 700 个激增到 7000 个，这个时候独立的文字已经无法承担精确性的历史追求，如果说当下为歧义提供了最丰满的语境，那么死去的历史重建则远离了这种丰满，它渴望更为精确的区别，历史追求的是一种无可置疑的，刻板而繁杂的奠基。
这是文明的边界、民族的壁垒。
——死后的历史：大传统构建的文本过去
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一种象形—表意文字的衰落，往往是一个文明即将被彻底替代的标志。

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后来者并不愿意完全传承过去的历史，而是从它的尸体中寻找重新搭建征服者文化的技术。

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从这一次大入侵→大征服之后，表意文字所代表的，那个人类早期，创造了一切认知基底的神话时代，在世界大部分地区就结束了。

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表意文字所代表的那种基于体验—觉察为基底的，认知形态也开始被抛弃。

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但在东亚区域的华夏文明圈却保留了这种认知形态。

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这就是为什么在很多迷恋客观性—对象化思维的现代人来说，中国传统文化总会被谩骂成为一种活该在近代落后的，没有科学—理性精神的落后文明的原因。

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但这种思维的可悲，就像表音和表意文字的线性—替代—进步思维一样，就像把科学和技术实践做出强绑定，货币和以物易物做出强绑定，信息和文字做出强绑定一样，它纯粹就是一种客观性思维的产物，而从来不可能提供一种有效的对何为客观性思维的审查：

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一切所谓工具理性，实验精神都不是一种“系统”，更不是什么拥有本质的精神，它从头到尾就是一种——民俗。
一切基于“工程操作”理念的认知集合（比如工具、实验……），都不过是一种技术手册，这个技术手册中的一切经验规律，都根本不需要进行——哲学化的确定性总结，也就是所谓的——科学。
也就是说，你以为科学的巨大价值，无非是一个鸠占鹊巢的游戏，而这个游戏的始作俑者，就是哲学的现代化构造——科学精神：
【以下是我们准备支持的哲学观点：科学精神必须在反自然、反我们身上和身外的本性冲动和号令中，反自然的驱使、反色彩斑斓和多样的事实中形成。
——巴什拉《科学精神的形成》】
巴什拉在他的这本著作中，最准确但同时在我看来也是最可笑的展示了这种科学精神最实质的内涵——科学的政治性规约。
科学的一切操作根本没有任何创造性可言，在大部分技术环节，“科学”这个概念是毫无价值，也是毫无意义的，它唯一的作用，就是在一切“多样性”、“自然而然”、“色彩斑斓”、“事实”的实践—实验之后，来按照一种既定的标准对这一切实践做出“价值裁决”。
这个价值裁决，才是“科学”这个概念能够在现代社会发挥效用的——唯一目的。
——如今的哲学变成什么样了？
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这就是信息→语音→语言→文字，在科学陈述中的，一切所谓合理性的来源。

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好了，当我们弄清楚了在认知诞生的初期，表意文字的演化所扮演的角色，我们就会明白为什么表音文字，在这种视域下，根本没有跟表意文字进行对比的空间。

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同时，如果我们也熟悉了表音文字自身大发展，是如何与神话时代晚期的，人类最早的一次入侵所带来的征服文化的大崛起的历史息息相关的，那么“客观性—对象化—神学化”思维为什么在表音文字中如此核心，就实在不那么奇怪了。

\n

那么，当我们掌握了这些“区别”，我们回到中国的表意文字，回想一下近代拉丁化思潮对它的口诛笔伐，是不是就有了一些理解其历史原因的线索？

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所以，为什么唯独中国的文字几经变迁，备受摧残，却最终仍然没有丢弃自己的“表意”？

\n

这个文字和它那遥远过去的“根”到底是什么关系？

\n

对这一切的摸索就要靠我们自己各自的志趣了。

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毕竟，这个时代，我们自身文化的研究，恐怕大部分的主流，也在科学的名义下，实在表音化了……。

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", @@ -8585,6 +7881,28 @@ "image": "http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Cibq2rFYLAaFkMxiccLjtib3HibLwnBiaw2wayC2qpwKSibe1vTprpMoNT0hTDyMoJlnOWyfbiaLw1MgNIgMcJ3ibWVa7w/0?wx_fmt=png", "description": "", "items": [ + { + "title": "使用Python6年后，发现学Python看完这几本书少走一半弯路，别错过", + "description": "在前面6年里，它一直是我热衷使用并不断研究的语言，迄今为止，python都非常友好并且易于学习！", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 零基础学python必看两本 一\n \n \n \n 《21天学通Python》\n \"图片\"\n \n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 《21天学通Python》\n \n \n \n 共分三篇。第一篇介绍Python语言的特点、安装、语法基础、程序流程控制、面向过程的编程方法、面向对象的编程方法、程序异常的处理；第二篇介绍了Python语言中的包与模块、迭代器、生成器、装饰器、上下文管理器等进阶语法，同时介绍了使用Python标准库中的文件系统处理、图形化界面编程、正则表达式、网络编程、多进（线）程编程、数据库编程。此外，还介绍了运用第三方库的Web网站编程、图片处理；第三篇通过两个案例介绍Python的综合编程技术。二《python 程序员指南》\n \n

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\n \n 1、本书主要讲解Python语言的基础知识、编程 及应用 2、本书的概念和思路清晰，并对相应的概念提供了大量的编程实例，具有很高的参考和应用价值 3、本书的内容深入浅出、通俗易懂、从最简单的例子着眼逐步进阶、不仅适合初学者，对使用Python编写各种大型、复杂应用的程序员来说也是一本实用的参考书 python技能获取拓展\n \n \n \n 《python数据可视化编程实战》\n \"图片\"\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 本书是一本使用 Python 实现数据可视化编程的实战指南，介绍了如何使用 Python 流行的库，通过 70 余种方法创建美观的数据可视化效果。全书共 9 章，分别介绍了准备工作环境、了解数据、绘制并定制化图表、学习更多图表和定制化、创建 3D 可视化图表、用图像和地图绘制图表、使用正确的图表理解数据、更多的 matplotlib 知识以及使用\n \n \n \n Plot.ly\n \n \n \n 进行云端可视化。本书适合那些对 Python 编程有一定基础的开发人员阅读，可以帮助读者从头开始了解数据、数据格式、数据可视化，并学会使用 Python 可视化数据。\n \n \n \n 《Python编程快速上手——让繁琐工作自动化》\n \"图片\"\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 电子版已经给大家准备好了，早日成为Python大佬！\n \n \n \n 由于篇幅原因，所有章节就不一一截图展示，有需要的小伙伴可以\n \n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 获取方式：\n \n \n

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    \n
  1. \n

    \n \n 点赞+再看\n \n

    \n
    2. \n
  2. \n

    \n \n 公众号内私信回复“学习”\n \n

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    3. \n
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\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/Pk24MVDMuG1q7uTdrw1epA", + "creator": "python开发工程师", + "pubDate": "Wed, 13 Aug 2025 08:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZyWQDtZVPH5E8Ng23xrzlYDo393o3sHVpC3regWp1Er5yQgY93155jerU1UlGCIjjcoHpsRicNVL1g/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZyWQDtZVPH5E8Ng23xrzlYDo393o3sHVpC3regWp1Er5yQgY93155jerU1UlGCIjjcoHpsRicNVL1g/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247511534_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "IT技术", + "feed": "python开发工程师", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "6af982802145262caddc8ba1c4a9b689", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "强烈推荐！248页《python编程从入门到实践》完整版，PDF开放下载", "description": "强烈推荐！248页《python编程从入门到实践》完整版，PDF开放下载", @@ -8607,6 +7925,28 @@ "hash": "258a059403b06335b634439ca5d4dc43", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "一周练完！100个Python实战项目，太实用了，绝对不能错过（附完整版源码＋教程）", + "description": "Python 是一种极具可读性和通用性的编程语言。", + "content": "
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\n \n Python 是一种极具可读性和通用性的编程语言\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 。Python 这个名字的灵感来自于英国喜剧团体 Monty Python，它的开发团队有一个重要的基础目标，就是使语言使用起来很有趣。Python 易于设置，并且是用相对直接的风格来编写，对错误会提供即时反馈，对初学者而言是个很好的选择。\n \n

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\n \n Python 是一种多范式语言，也就是说，它支持多种编程风格，包括脚本和面向对象，这使得它适用于通用目的。随着越来越多地在工业中，被诸如联合太空联盟\n \n \n \n \n \n \n （NASA 的主要飞机支持承包商）和工业光魔\n \n \n \n \n \n \n （VFX 和卢卡斯影业的动画工作室\n \n \n \n \n \n \n ）等组织使用，Python 为那些寻求额外编程语言的人提供了巨大的潜力 。\n \n

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\n \n 当一个重要的被称为 comp.lang.python 的 Python 新闻组\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 在 1994 年形成时，Python 的用户基础不断增长，这为 Python 成为开源开发中最受欢迎的编程语言之一铺平了道路。\n \n

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\n \n Python当下真的很火。Python实战项目，也一直尤为关注，接下来，和大家介绍下100个Python练手的实战项目。\n \n

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\n \n \n \n 每个项目都有详细的视频讲解，跟随老师带你一步步完成敲代码的过程，在过程中结合多学知识提升能力，帮助怒更好地完成练习。\n \n \n \n \n
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\n \n 100个Python项目列表：\n \n

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    \n \n 1.python自动获取海量IP工具\n \n

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    \n \n 2.python自动获取酷狗音乐工具\n \n

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    \n \n 3.Python自动化开发-制作名片卡\n \n

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    \n \n 4.Python自动化开发-制作名片卡\n \n

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    \n \n 5.Python自动化开发-批量发邮件通知\n \n

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    \n \n 6.Python自动化开发-考勤处理\n \n

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    \n \n 7.Python双色球系统\n \n

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    \n \n 8.Python批量获取王者荣耀皮肤\n \n

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    \n \n 9.Python获取阴阳师壁纸\n \n

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    \n \n 10.Python获取小说数据并分析\n \n

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    \n \n 11.Python获取NBA数据\n \n

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    \n \n 12.python获取拉钩工具\n \n

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    \n \n 13.Python获取房天下数据\n \n

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    \n \n 14.Python获取彩票信息\n \n

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    \n \n 15.Python合成女神图片\n \n

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    \n \n 16.Python法拍网数据\n \n

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    \n \n 17.Python操作Excel自动化开发\n \n

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    \n \n 18.python百行制作查询工具\n \n

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    \n \n 19.python百行制作登录系统\n \n

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    \n \n 20.Python百行代码实现点赞系统\n \n

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    \n \n 21.Python百行代码实现抽奖系统\n \n

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    \n \n 22.Python自动获取小说工具\n \n

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    23. \n
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    \n \n 23.python获取喜马拉雅音频\n \n

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    \n \n 24.python快速获取斗图表情\n \n

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    \n \n 25.python获取主播小视频\n \n

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    26. \n
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    \n \n 26.python自动工资条\n \n

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    27. \n
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    \n \n 27.python协程详解公开课\n \n

    \n
    28. \n
  28. \n

    \n \n 28.python制作12306查票工具\n \n

    \n
    29. \n
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    \n \n 29.python爬虫30行拿LOL皮肤\n \n

    \n
    30. \n
  30. \n

    \n \n 30.python抓取相亲网数据\n \n

    \n
    31. \n
  31. \n

    \n \n 31.python抓取百合网数据\n \n

    \n
    32. \n
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    \n \n 32.python游戏开发公开课\n \n

    \n
    33. \n
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\n \n ......\n \n

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\n \n \n 91.【Python 图片转字符画】\n \n \n \n
\n \n \n \n 92.【200行Python代码实现2048】\n \n \n \n
\n \n \n \n 93.【Python3 实现火车票查询工具】\n \n \n \n
\n \n \n \n 94.【高德API+Python解决租房问题】\n \n \n \n
\n \n \n \n 95.【Python3色情图片识别】\n \n \n \n
\n \n \n \n 96.【Python 破解验证码】\n \n \n \n
\n \n \n \n 97.【Python实现简单的Web服务器】\n \n \n \n
\n \n \n \n 98.【pygame开发打飞机游戏】\n \n \n \n
\n \n \n \n 99.【Django 搭建简易博客】\n \n \n \n
\n \n \n \n 100.【Python基于共现提取《釜山行》人物关系】\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n \n 完整项目已经打包整理好了，希望对正在学习的你带来帮助~多动手练习，才能不断地巩固知识，更快的进步！\n \n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n \n \n 获取方式：\n \n \n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n \n \n 1.点赞＋在看\n \n \n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n \n \n 2.私信回复：学习  领取。\n \n \n \n \n

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\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/V2swNbw5qd7AiO0I_nLb8Q", + "creator": "python开发工程师", + "pubDate": "Tue, 12 Aug 2025 08:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZyWQDtZVPH5E8Ng23xrzlYDtyIrem2ibdzxewTTWo947pQK3ljTxRMP2H1jLyRlkY5dBNYpRnzXCHg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZyWQDtZVPH5E8Ng23xrzlYDtyIrem2ibdzxewTTWo947pQK3ljTxRMP2H1jLyRlkY5dBNYpRnzXCHg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247511528_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "IT技术", + "feed": "python开发工程师", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "02b7205ad6e7670fd789c0e3adfed6e5", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "Python是什么？为什么一定要学Python?", "description": "一，Python是什么？Python是一种计算机编程语言。", @@ -8629,6 +7969,28 @@ "hash": "a8db13fc4bea3117d5eb197ea716b4a3", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "Python入门基础知识总结（赶紧收藏）-Python入门基础知识看这篇就够了", + "description": "Python入门基础知识总结（赶紧收藏）-Python入门基础知识看这篇就够了", + "content": "None", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/Ke9eVDCtZP7f4fqY5YNavQ", + "creator": "python开发工程师", + "pubDate": "Mon, 11 Aug 2025 08:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZxVicDpvyBoAac1BHibe0kYqSIt2uLQJXyZpzBc2SBPiamaxy6T3XGD61ZHxd9BFFYWzc5LQzQ43Z2hg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZxVicDpvyBoAac1BHibe0kYqSIt2uLQJXyZpzBc2SBPiamaxy6T3XGD61ZHxd9BFFYWzc5LQzQ43Z2hg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247511522_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "IT技术", + "feed": "python开发工程师", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "74eb343edd4e6d2dcbff39bba539dc92", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "史上最全Python14张思维导图+字节跳动出品《Python背记手册》，高清PDF限时开放！", "description": "史上最全Python14张思维导图+字节跳动出品《Python背记手册》，高清PDF限时开放！", @@ -8651,6 +8013,28 @@ "hash": "cf89599446ab429a3e3ec3501e7f4678", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "自学python必看的书籍《Python编程：从入门到实践》PDF版拿走不谢", + "description": "自学python必看的书籍《Python编程：从入门到实践》内容简介本书是一本针对所有层次的Python 读者", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 自学python必看的书籍《Python编程：从入门到实践》\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 内容简介\n \n \n

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\n \n 本书是一本针对所有层次的Python 读者而作的Python 入门书。全书分两部分：\n \n

\n

\n \n 第一部分介绍用Python 编程所必须了解的基本概念，包括matplotlib、NumPy 和Pygal 等强大的Python 库和工具介绍，以及列表、字典、if 语句、类、文件与异常、代码测试等内容；\n \n

\n

\n \n 第二部分将理论付诸实践，讲解如何开发三个项目，包括简单的Python 2D 游戏开发如何利用数据生成交互式的信息图，以及创建和定制简单的Web 应用，并帮读者解决常见编程问题和困惑。\n \n

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\n \n \n 目录\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 书籍的分享格式为PDF电子版，小伙伴们手机也可以阅读学习哦！\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 书籍终归只是辅助，想要真的深入学习python，当然还要有系统的学习方法和学习教程才可以让你在学习的路上一帆风顺哦！\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 本套视频一共400集，本套视频共分3季：\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 第一季 【基础篇】Python基础 （115集）\n \n

\n

\n \n 第二季 【提高篇】Python深入和扩展（100集）\n \n

\n

\n \n 第三季 【扩展篇】网络编程、多线程、扩展库（85集）\n \n

\n

\n \n 第四季 【高手篇】算法、Python源码、函数式编程、手工实现神经网络（100集）\n \n

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\n \n \n 以上这些教程我已经为大家打包准备好了，希望对正在学习的你有所帮助！\n \n \n

\n
    \n
  1. \n

    \n \n \n \n 获取方式：公众号私信回复“学习”即可\n \n \n \n

    \n
    2. \n
  2. \n

    \n \n \n \n 需要的小伙伴可以多多点赞转发 让更多的人看到\n \n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/F6IIlA5Egg_Q3FfMviVBSg", + "creator": "python开发工程师", + "pubDate": "Sat, 09 Aug 2025 07:45:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZxVicDpvyBoAac1BHibe0kYqSYWiahfpLxhacASJZx57hj5tQYkaZ4r4ibbItibgZXBJVZaQwFHLCNunbg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZxVicDpvyBoAac1BHibe0kYqSYWiahfpLxhacASJZx57hj5tQYkaZ4r4ibbItibgZXBJVZaQwFHLCNunbg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247511510_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "IT技术", + "feed": "python开发工程师", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "3f63c245f02ccafb6fdb15b12ce12504", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "2025神仙级Python入门教程(非常详细)，从零基础入门到精通，从看这篇开始", "description": "一、初聊Python1.为什么要学习Python？", @@ -8673,6 +8057,28 @@ "hash": "bf0c4db14feddd6e5f5f118492ffe9cc", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "太哇塞了42个Python办公自动化真实案例，让你成功封神！（附源码）", + "description": "随着Python的不断发展，越来越多的开发者将开始使用它来构建一些令人惊奇和资源丰富的项目。", + "content": "
\n

\n \n 随着Python的不断发展，越来越多的开发者将开始使用它来构建一些令人惊奇和资源丰富的项目。希望这篇文章能够成为您的灵感来源，唤醒您脑海中沉睡的想法，并将事情付诸行动。下面就给大家介绍42个通过Python构建的办公自动化项目，以此来学习Python编程。\n \n

\n \n \n 1、自动化基础知识\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n \n 首先，想要玩好Python办公自动化，\n \n \n \n \n 基础知识要扎实\n \n \n \n \n ，下面分别\n \n \n \n \n 从原理讲起，到代码示例，辅以大量图表\n \n \n \n \n ，对自动化办公中的常用操作进行介绍。\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 2、Word/Excel单独案例\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 在了解上面的常用操作后，就可以基于这些操作实现办公自动化，Word和Excel作为工作中最常用的软件，实现自动化可以节省很多时间。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n \n 下面给出了一些\n \n \n \n \n Python操作Excel或Word的真实案例\n \n \n \n

\n
\n \"图片\"\n
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\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 3、Word+Excel综合案例\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n \n 上面给的是Python单独操作Excel或者Word的案例，而Word与Excel联合使用的场景更多，下面就是一些\n \n \n \n \n 综合案例\n \n \n \n \n ，希望能对大家有所启发！\n \n \n \n

\n
\n \"图片\"\n
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\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 4、PPT/PDF案例\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 除了Word与Excel，PPT和PDF也是日常办公中经常接触的文件格式，下面给出了一些基于PPT与PDF的自动化案例\n \n \n

\n
\n \"图片\"\n
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\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 5、邮件自动化案例\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n \n 操作邮件也是办公场景中常见的需求，下面是一些Python管理邮箱的部分案例，\n \n \n \n \n 从基础讲解到实战都有\n \n \n \n

\n
\n \"图片\"\n
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\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 6、其他自动化案例\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 最后，除了Office三件套和PDF、邮箱之外，还有一些办公中常用的操作可以通过使用os和glob等模块实现，以下是一些有趣实用的案例\n \n \n

\n
\n \"图片\"\n
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\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n \n 在这里为了让大家更好的学习了解python办公自动化上面的项目，我把上面的学习项目打包整理成了视频源码教程，以此来让你更好更有效的学习python！\n \n \n \n \n 领取方式在文末！\n \n \n \n

\n
\n \"图片\"\n
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\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n \n 获取方式：\n \n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n
    \n
  1. \n

    \n \n
    \n     \n

    \n
    \n

    \n \n \n \n 点赞+再看\n \n
    \n     \n     \n

    \n
    \n

    \n \n
    \n     \n

    \n
    2. \n
  2. \n

    \n \n
    \n     \n

    \n
    \n

    \n \n \n \n 公众号内回复：”学习“\n \n \n \n

    \n
    \n
    3. \n
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\n
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\n \n \n

\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/qJXjL-aX5ii-qG7RY0I58Q", + "creator": "python开发工程师", + "pubDate": "Fri, 08 Aug 2025 08:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZxVicDpvyBoAac1BHibe0kYqSAibqIk1BJZkicB9CGu7XK3wl60jlP07rpcvSYtqQcRmEmGQnCeylN4jQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZxVicDpvyBoAac1BHibe0kYqSAibqIk1BJZkicB9CGu7XK3wl60jlP07rpcvSYtqQcRmEmGQnCeylN4jQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247511504_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "IT技术", + "feed": "python开发工程师", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "c8b3990b78a8d9b81e786c2ce67e1a4b", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "一周练完！100个Python实战项目，太实用了，绝对不能错过（附完整版源码＋教程）", "description": "Python 是一种极具可读性和通用性的编程语言。", @@ -8695,6 +8101,28 @@ "hash": "5cf8106130af3e0861bf76c9882e41c9", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "字节跳动斥巨资打造的《Python知识手册》高清PDF版，让你一本手册搞懂python！", + "description": "今天我要把我参与编写的这套《Python知识手册》免费分享出来，真正弘扬Python开源精神！", + "content": "None", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/SSJPdY8AjuLf53OhC-FKGw", + "creator": "python开发工程师", + "pubDate": "Thu, 07 Aug 2025 08:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZytkib1L4elbG3IUibSaVpJbeFAsAYsDAZPohM0P0NIBOV6jSYRPxjhNggibicNqNPXksrUK9Xq21ia7rA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZytkib1L4elbG3IUibSaVpJbeFAsAYsDAZPohM0P0NIBOV6jSYRPxjhNggibicNqNPXksrUK9Xq21ia7rA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247511498_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "IT技术", + "feed": "python开发工程师", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "262f59c0d9b6024bd71a2a6c9978827d", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "清华大学终于把Python整理成了《漫画书》，整整高清PDF下载", "description": "前言随着人工智能的发展，Python近两年也是大火，越来越多的人加入到Python学习大军，对于毫无基础的人该", @@ -8717,6 +8145,28 @@ "hash": "712648cb3457773243feb29ddcec249a", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "学计算机，学编程我劝你不要太老实！！", + "description": "学计算机太老实:屎路一条!", + "content": "
\n
\n \n
\n

\n \n 学计算机太老实:屎路一条!\n \n

\n

\n \n 发现学不好计算机普遍都有一个通病:太老实如果只是在学校里老老实实跟着课本和老师\n \n

\n

\n \n 学，相信很多同学越来越感觉到:好像什么都\n \n

\n

\n \n 接触了，但什么都没学好...\n \n

\n

\n \n 这里强烈建议大家:想学好计算机别太老实!\n \n

\n

\n \n 1.刷题网站不要太老实\n \n

\n

\n \n Leetcode:是程序员求职找工作必备;\n \n

\n

\n \n 菜鸟教程:多种基础编程机术的教程;\n \n

\n

\n \n StackOverflow:与程序相关的IT机术问答网站;\n \n

\n

\n \n Coursera:可以免费听世界名校例如哈佛等的CS课程;\n \n

\n

\n \n WSchools:为初学者Web开发人员编程所建，涵盖了当前主流编程语言;\n \n

\n

\n \n HckerRank:程序员参与各种编程语言竞赛并检测自我能理的网站;\n \n

\n

\n \n GitHub:世界上最大的代码托管平台\n \n

\n

\n \n 2.选择老师不要太老实\n \n

\n

\n \n Linux--韩顺平‍\n \n

\n

\n \n 数据结构--王卓‍\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 作系统--哈工大李治军‍\n \n \n

\n

\n \n C++--候捷老师‍\n \n

\n

\n \n Java--韩顺平老师‍\n \n

\n

\n \n 3⃣️选择哔站博主不要太老实\n \n

\n

\n \n ⭐️尚学堂(yyds!适合自学)\n \n

\n

\n \n ⭐️CodeSheep(编程羊，主要是讲一些编程方法，经验，面试宝典)\n \n

\n

\n \n ⭐️戴师兄(适合学数据分析的)\n \n

\n

\n \n ⭐️技术胖(适合学前端的饱饱们)\n \n

\n

\n \n ⭐️同济子豪兄(主要分享Python)\n \n

\n

\n \n ⭐️遇见狂神说(主讲Java，以及各类中间件，讲课比较通俗易懂)\n \n

\n

\n \n 4.看书不要太老实\n \n

\n

\n \n 数据结构与算法:\n \n

\n

\n \n - [x] 《大话数据结构》->《算法图解》->《数据结构与算法之美》->《剑指offer》->LeetCode刷题(至少刷到200多道)\n \n

\n

\n \n 操作系统:\n \n

\n

\n \n - [x] 《操作系统导论》->《现代操作系统》\n \n

\n

\n \n 计算机网络:\n \n

\n

\n \n - [x] 《图解HTTP》->《图解TCP/IP》->《网络是怎么连接的》->《计算机网络自顶向下》->《TCP/IP协议详解卷》\n \n

\n

\n \n 计算机组成:\n \n

\n

\n \n - [x] 《程序是怎么跑来的》->《计算机组成原理:软件/接口与设计》->《深入理解计算机系统》\n \n

\n

\n \n 数据库:\n \n

\n

\n \n - [x] 《SQL必知必会》->《从根儿上理解mysql》->《mysql技术内幕》->《高性能mysql》\n \n

\n

\n \n 5.不要老老实实待在学校\n \n

\n

\n \n 大学期间参加竞赛:像阿里天池，百度之星，\n \n

\n

\n \n M,蓝桥杯等;提升实践能力;\n \n

\n

\n \n ‍实习:日常也好暑期也好，有实习经历会加分\n \n

\n

\n \n 做计算机类的项目，创业项目也好，实验室项目、github项目也罢，尽可能折腾，积累项目和实战经验，为将来找工作打好项目基础。\n \n

\n
\n \"图片\"\n
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\n \"图片\"\n
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\n \"图片\"\n
\n
\n \"图片\"\n
\n
\n \"图片\"\n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n \n 获取方式：\n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n \n 1.点赞+再看\n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n \n 2.公众号内回复“学习”\n \n \n \n

\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n

\n \n \n

\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/MkuVIqNmoxt7B8_cN9X2Tg", + "creator": "python开发工程师", + "pubDate": "Tue, 05 Aug 2025 08:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZwVdicnsDaxpRNrTb4fFnu5v43P3GzRVyYyhJm2kG77EUYiav7MfWDKSRA1EBH3wA1ghHyATGE6kwCw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZwVdicnsDaxpRNrTb4fFnu5v43P3GzRVyYyhJm2kG77EUYiav7MfWDKSRA1EBH3wA1ghHyATGE6kwCw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247511486_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "IT技术", + "feed": "python开发工程师", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "82c5399032b1a26c40731c3e0d9cb5e0", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "Python入门基础知识总结（赶紧收藏）-Python入门基础知识看这篇就够了", "description": "Python入门基础知识总结（赶紧收藏）-Python入门基础知识看这篇就够了", @@ -8739,6 +8189,28 @@ "hash": "41d811b2dca62758b0522aea95a64cf4", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "浙江大学教授终于把Python讲成故事教程，学习起来通俗易懂", + "description": "浙江大学教授终于把Python讲成故事教程，学习起来通俗易懂为什么选择Python？", + "content": "None", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/1Mfv9WIXnbDw2cf2-WlyFw", + "creator": "python开发工程师", + "pubDate": "Mon, 04 Aug 2025 08:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZw068qWticKl4JdkfmiazQHeMbcGDNJl2VgUcGojmKkN8YmFPzKB4smwXPeQFibELuialibUF55XkdFF7g/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZw068qWticKl4JdkfmiazQHeMbcGDNJl2VgUcGojmKkN8YmFPzKB4smwXPeQFibELuialibUF55XkdFF7g/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247511479_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "IT技术", + "feed": "python开发工程师", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "d97f9096cec06ac3664110e325c3d313", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "字节跳动斥巨资打造的《Python知识手册》高清PDF版，让你一本手册搞懂python！", "description": "今天我要把我参与编写的这套《Python知识手册》免费分享出来，真正弘扬Python开源精神！", @@ -8761,6 +8233,28 @@ "hash": "6cea881cd93419f46e44b469fdb8c61a", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "自学python必看的书籍《Python编程：从入门到实践》PDF版拿走不谢", + "description": "自学python必看的书籍《Python编程：从入门到实践》内容简介本书是一本针对所有层次的Python 读者", + "content": "
\n

\n \n \n 自学python必看的书籍《Python编程：从入门到实践》\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \"图片\"\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 内容简介\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 本书是一本针对所有层次的Python 读者而作的Python 入门书。全书分两部分：\n \n

\n

\n \n 第一部分介绍用Python 编程所必须了解的基本概念，包括matplotlib、NumPy 和Pygal 等强大的Python 库和工具介绍，以及列表、字典、if 语句、类、文件与异常、代码测试等内容；\n \n

\n

\n \n 第二部分将理论付诸实践，讲解如何开发三个项目，包括简单的Python 2D 游戏开发如何利用数据生成交互式的信息图，以及创建和定制简单的Web 应用，并帮读者解决常见编程问题和困惑。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 目录\n \n \n

\n
\n \n \"图片\"\n \n
\n
\n \n \"图片\"\n \n
\n
\n \n \"图片\"\n \n
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\n \n \"图片\"\n \n
\n
\n \n \"图片\"\n \n
\n

\n \n \n 书籍的分享格式为PDF电子版，小伙伴们手机也可以阅读学习哦！\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 书籍终归只是辅助，想要真的深入学习python，当然还要有系统的学习方法和学习教程才可以让你在学习的路上一帆风顺哦！\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 本套视频一共400集，本套视频共分3季：\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 第一季 【基础篇】Python基础 （115集）\n \n

\n

\n \n 第二季 【提高篇】Python深入和扩展（100集）\n \n

\n

\n \n 第三季 【扩展篇】网络编程、多线程、扩展库（85集）\n \n

\n

\n \n 第四季 【高手篇】算法、Python源码、函数式编程、手工实现神经网络（100集）\n \n

\n
\n \n \"图片\"\n \n
\n

\n \n \n 以上这些教程我已经为大家打包准备好了，希望对正在学习的你有所帮助！\n \n \n

\n
    \n
  1. \n

    \n \n \n \n 获取方式：公众号私信回复“学习”即可\n \n \n \n

    \n
    2. \n
  2. \n

    \n \n \n \n 需要的小伙伴可以多多点赞转发 让更多的人看到\n \n \n \n

    \n
    3. \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n

\n \n \n

\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/LDKSSvKwk_-iKrotyLL31w", + "creator": "python开发工程师", + "pubDate": "Sat, 02 Aug 2025 08:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZw068qWticKl4JdkfmiazQHeMorugV84qTR4SmWXv4XAKKayT2tZe675ugzxhN0PZIQicdwlEGoPIvqg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZw068qWticKl4JdkfmiazQHeMorugV84qTR4SmWXv4XAKKayT2tZe675ugzxhN0PZIQicdwlEGoPIvqg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247511467_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "IT技术", + "feed": "python开发工程师", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "1fe97aa2d0766c47f42850a99514571b", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "全面详细地学习Python《Python 3网络爬虫开发实战》限时分享！PDF电子版!", "description": "人类社会已经进入大数据时代，大数据深刻改变着我们的工作和生活。", @@ -8783,6 +8277,28 @@ "hash": "966ffd9b1b728316ffb7eff17e449edb", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "Python全系列教程完整版（懂中文就能学会）", + "description": "今天给大家带来了干货，Python入门教程完整版，完整版啊！完整版！", + "content": "
\n

\n \n 今天给大家带来了干货，Python入门教程完整版，完整版啊！完整版！\n \n

\n
\n

\n \n 言归正传，小编该给大家介绍一下这套教程了，希望每个小伙伴都沉迷学习，无法自拔\n \n

\n
\n \"图片\"\n
\n

\n
\n

\n

\n \n \n 本套教程包含知识点:\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 1、Python 基础语法\n \n \n
\n

\n

\n \n \n 2、python 容器\n \n \n
\n

\n

\n \n 3、函数和文件操作\n \n

\n

\n \n 4、面向对象\n \n

\n

\n \n 5、Linux 操作系统\n \n

\n

\n \n 6、多任务编程\n \n

\n

\n \n 7、Python 网络编程\n \n

\n

\n \n 8、静态 web 服务器\n \n

\n

\n \n 9、HTML\n \n

\n

\n \n 10、CSS\n \n

\n

\n \n 11、JavaScript\n \n

\n

\n \n 12、数据库 MySQL\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 13、\n \n \n \n \n 正则表达式\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 14、Python 进阶\n \n

\n

\n \n 15、mini-web 框架\n \n

\n

\n \n ....\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 教程学习时间15天\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 1-3天内容：为Linux基础命令\n \n

\n

\n \n 4-13天内容：为Python基础教程14-15 天内容：为飞机大战项目演练\n \n

\n
\n \"图片\"\n
\n

\n
\n

\n

\n \n \n 第一阶段（1-3天）：\n \n \n
\n

\n

\n \n 该阶段首先通过介绍不同领域的三种操作系统，操作系统的发展简史以及Linux系统的文件目录结构让大家对Linux系统有一个简单的认识，同时知道为什么要学习Linux命令。然后我们会正式学习Linux命令\n \n

\n

\n \n 1. 文件和目录命令：ls，cd，touch，mkdir，rm\n \n

\n

\n \n 2. 拷贝和移动命令：tree，cp，mv\n \n

\n

\n \n 3. 文件内容命令：cat，more，grep\n \n

\n

\n \n 4. 远程管理命令：ifconfig，ping，SSH的工作方式简介以及ssh命令\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 5. 用户权限及用户管理命令：chmod，\n \n \n \n \n chgrp\n \n \n \n \n ，useradd，passwd，userdel\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 6. 软件安装及压缩命令：apt简介及命令，tar，gzip压缩命令，bzip2压缩命令\n \n

\n

\n \n 7. vim的基本使用\n \n

\n

\n
\n

\n

\n \n \n 第二阶段（4-10天）\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 该阶段我们正式进入Python这门语言的学习，首先通过了解Python语言的起源，Python语言的设计目标，Python语言的设计哲学，Python语言的优缺点和面向对象的基本概念，以及Python语言的执行方式，还有Python集成开发环境\n \n \n \n \n PyCharm\n \n \n \n \n 的使用为我们接下来的学习做铺垫。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 第三阶段（11-13天）\n \n \n
\n

\n

\n \n 该阶段我们会学习面向对象（OOP）这一重要的编程思想，首先学习的知识点有类和对象的基本概念，dir函数，self的作用，初始化方法__init__，内置函数__str__，__del__，单继承，方法重写，私有属性和方法，多继承，多态，类属性，静态方法。\n \n

\n

\n
\n

\n

\n \n \n 第四阶段（14-15天）\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 该阶段是项目演练阶段，我们会带领大家通过使用之前学习过的知识开发飞机大战这一经典游戏，项目中分别有游戏窗口，图像绘制，游戏循环，事件监听，精灵和精灵组以及创建敌机，创建英雄和发射子弹，碰撞检测等模块。\n \n

\n

\n
\n

\n

\n \n 学习是一个过程，只要学习就会有挑战。天道酬勤，你越努力，就会成为越优秀的开发人员。\n \n

\n

\n \n 如果你能在 15  天内完成所有的任务，那你堪称天才。然而，如果你能完成 60-70% 的内容，你就已经开始具备成为一名程序员的正确特征了。\n \n

\n

\n
\n

\n
\n

\n \n \n 小编为了帮助大家更轻松的学好Python，我在下方给大家分享一套\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n Python学习资料，\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 文末也附有领取方式\n \n \n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n \n 一、Python所有方向的学习路线\n \n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n Python所有方向的技术点做的整理，形成各个领域的知识点汇总，它的用处就在于，你可以按照上面的知识点去找对应的学习资源，保证自己学得较为全面。\n \n \n

\n
\n \"图片\"\n
\n

\n \n \n \n 二、Python必备开发工具\n \n \n \n

\n
\n \"图片\"\n
\n

\n \n \n \n 三、精品Python学习书籍\n \n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 当我学到一定基础，有自己的理解能力的时候，会去阅读一些前辈整理的书籍或者手写的笔记资料，这些笔记详细记载了他们对一些技术点的理解，这些理解是比较独到，可以学到不一样的思路。\n \n \n

\n
\n \"图片\"\n
\n

\n \n \n \n 四、Python视频合集\n \n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 观看零基础学习视频，看视频学习是最快捷也是最有效果的方式，跟着视频中老师的思路，从基础到深入，还是很容易入门的。\n \n \n

\n
\n \"图片\"\n
\n

\n \n \n \n 五、实战案例\n \n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 光学理论是没用的，要学会跟着一起敲，要动手实操，才能将自己的所学运用到实际当中去，这时候可以搞点实战案例来学习。\n \n \n

\n
\n \"图片\"\n
\n

\n \n \n \n 六、Python练习题\n \n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 检查学习结果。\n \n \n

\n
\n \"图片\"\n
\n

\n \n \n \n 七、面试资料\n \n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 我们学习Python必然是为了找到高薪的工作，下面这些面试题是来自阿里、腾讯、字节等一线互联网大厂最新的面试资料，并且有阿里大佬给出了权威的解答，刷完这一套面试资料相信大家都能找到满意的工作。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \"图片\"\n \"图片\"\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n \n \n \n 获取方式：\n \n \n \n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 点赞+再看\n \n \n \n \n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 公众号内回复“学习”\n \n \n \n \n \n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n

\n \n \n

\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/mrbl85a67Nt5v4yJzsOmmA", + "creator": "python开发工程师", + "pubDate": "Fri, 01 Aug 2025 08:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZxDmMTmDRFSEibFXHIlDftxtpC2UicepCtEPmd0lByHphufGx9sbgJCBSnqETIpYiccrjl6SJUjH7DnA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZxDmMTmDRFSEibFXHIlDftxtpC2UicepCtEPmd0lByHphufGx9sbgJCBSnqETIpYiccrjl6SJUjH7DnA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247511461_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "IT技术", + "feed": "python开发工程师", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "c38fcc06b40fa38ebc9bada94ac36b8f", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "自学python必看的书籍《Python编程：从入门到实践》PDF版拿走不谢", "description": "自学python必看的书籍《Python编程：从入门到实践》内容简介本书是一本针对所有层次的Python 读者", @@ -8805,6 +8321,28 @@ "hash": "c880c00e2be610b9764267775f9a386f", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "一周练完！100个Python实战项目，太实用了，绝对不能错过（附完整版源码＋教程）", + "description": "Python 是一种极具可读性和通用性的编程语言。", + "content": "
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \"图片\"\n
\n

\n \n Python 是一种极具可读性和通用性的编程语言\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 。Python 这个名字的灵感来自于英国喜剧团体 Monty Python，它的开发团队有一个重要的基础目标，就是使语言使用起来很有趣。Python 易于设置，并且是用相对直接的风格来编写，对错误会提供即时反馈，对初学者而言是个很好的选择。\n \n

\n

\n \n Python 是一种多范式语言，也就是说，它支持多种编程风格，包括脚本和面向对象，这使得它适用于通用目的。随着越来越多地在工业中，被诸如联合太空联盟\n \n \n \n \n \n \n （NASA 的主要飞机支持承包商）和工业光魔\n \n \n \n \n \n \n （VFX 和卢卡斯影业的动画工作室\n \n \n \n \n \n \n ）等组织使用，Python 为那些寻求额外编程语言的人提供了巨大的潜力 。\n \n

\n

\n \n 当一个重要的被称为 comp.lang.python 的 Python 新闻组\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 在 1994 年形成时，Python 的用户基础不断增长，这为 Python 成为开源开发中最受欢迎的编程语言之一铺平了道路。\n \n

\n

\n \n Python当下真的很火。Python实战项目，也一直尤为关注，接下来，和大家介绍下100个Python练手的实战项目。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \"图片\"\n
\n
\n \"图片\"\n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n \n 每个项目都有详细的视频讲解，跟随老师带你一步步完成敲代码的过程，在过程中结合多学知识提升能力，帮助怒更好地完成练习。\n \n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 100个Python项目列表：\n \n

\n
    \n
  1. \n

    \n \n 1.python自动获取海量IP工具\n \n

    \n
    2. \n
  2. \n

    \n \n 2.python自动获取酷狗音乐工具\n \n

    \n
    3. \n
  3. \n

    \n \n 3.Python自动化开发-制作名片卡\n \n

    \n
    4. \n
  4. \n

    \n \n 4.Python自动化开发-制作名片卡\n \n

    \n
    5. \n
  5. \n

    \n \n 5.Python自动化开发-批量发邮件通知\n \n

    \n
    6. \n
  6. \n

    \n \n 6.Python自动化开发-考勤处理\n \n

    \n
    7. \n
  7. \n

    \n \n 7.Python双色球系统\n \n

    \n
    8. \n
  8. \n

    \n \n 8.Python批量获取王者荣耀皮肤\n \n

    \n
    9. \n
  9. \n

    \n \n 9.Python获取阴阳师壁纸\n \n

    \n
    10. \n
  10. \n

    \n \n 10.Python获取小说数据并分析\n \n

    \n
    11. \n
  11. \n

    \n \n 11.Python获取NBA数据\n \n

    \n
    12. \n
  12. \n

    \n \n 12.python获取拉钩工具\n \n

    \n
    13. \n
  13. \n

    \n \n 13.Python获取房天下数据\n \n

    \n
    14. \n
  14. \n

    \n \n 14.Python获取彩票信息\n \n

    \n
    15. \n
  15. \n

    \n \n 15.Python合成女神图片\n \n

    \n
    16. \n
  16. \n

    \n \n 16.Python法拍网数据\n \n

    \n
    17. \n
  17. \n

    \n \n 17.Python操作Excel自动化开发\n \n

    \n
    18. \n
  18. \n

    \n \n 18.python百行制作查询工具\n \n

    \n
    19. \n
  19. \n

    \n \n 19.python百行制作登录系统\n \n

    \n
    20. \n
  20. \n

    \n \n 20.Python百行代码实现点赞系统\n \n

    \n
    21. \n
  21. \n

    \n \n 21.Python百行代码实现抽奖系统\n \n

    \n
    22. \n
  22. \n

    \n \n 22.Python自动获取小说工具\n \n

    \n
    23. \n
  23. \n

    \n \n 23.python获取喜马拉雅音频\n \n

    \n
    24. \n
  24. \n

    \n \n 24.python快速获取斗图表情\n \n

    \n
    25. \n
  25. \n

    \n \n 25.python获取主播小视频\n \n

    \n
    26. \n
  26. \n

    \n \n 26.python自动工资条\n \n

    \n
    27. \n
  27. \n

    \n \n 27.python协程详解公开课\n \n

    \n
    28. \n
  28. \n

    \n \n 28.python制作12306查票工具\n \n

    \n
    29. \n
  29. \n

    \n \n 29.python爬虫30行拿LOL皮肤\n \n

    \n
    30. \n
  30. \n

    \n \n 30.python抓取相亲网数据\n \n

    \n
    31. \n
  31. \n

    \n \n 31.python抓取百合网数据\n \n

    \n
    32. \n
  32. \n

    \n \n 32.python游戏开发公开课\n \n

    \n
    33. \n
\n

\n \n ......\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 91.【Python 图片转字符画】\n \n \n \n
\n \n \n \n 92.【200行Python代码实现2048】\n \n \n \n
\n \n \n \n 93.【Python3 实现火车票查询工具】\n \n \n \n
\n \n \n \n 94.【高德API+Python解决租房问题】\n \n \n \n
\n \n \n \n 95.【Python3色情图片识别】\n \n \n \n
\n \n \n \n 96.【Python 破解验证码】\n \n \n \n
\n \n \n \n 97.【Python实现简单的Web服务器】\n \n \n \n
\n \n \n \n 98.【pygame开发打飞机游戏】\n \n \n \n
\n \n \n \n 99.【Django 搭建简易博客】\n \n \n \n
\n \n \n \n 100.【Python基于共现提取《釜山行》人物关系】\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n \n 完整项目已经打包整理好了，希望对正在学习的你带来帮助~多动手练习，才能不断地巩固知识，更快的进步！\n \n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n \n \n 获取方式：\n \n \n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n \n \n 1.点赞＋在看\n \n \n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n \n \n 2.私信回复：学习  领取。\n \n \n \n \n

\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n

\n \n \n

\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/Hcq_LUtixswrjIqLSNjS8g", + "creator": "python开发工程师", + "pubDate": "Wed, 30 Jul 2025 08:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZxicp5NLp7ibwicwI0tIS543dneIcsY5EVt38djOEjAZ58CniaR94CicYexBURQzNcmkphicPE1AwHHEZvA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZxicp5NLp7ibwicwI0tIS543dneIcsY5EVt38djOEjAZ58CniaR94CicYexBURQzNcmkphicPE1AwHHEZvA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247511449_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "IT技术", + "feed": "python开发工程师", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "016ab4cb0df0b4c626dfbede02e72cd9", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "说Python基础差的同学，请疯狂啃-247个Python实战案例", "description": "众所周知，我们在学习Pyhont过程中，大都看书枯燥、看视频进度慢，网上查找的学习案例又比较凌乱不成体系。。", @@ -8827,6 +8365,28 @@ "hash": "df9b88e1e24dd2f16a896e278a6256ce", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "说Python基础差的同学，请疯狂啃-247个Python实战案例", + "description": "众所周知，我们在学习Pyhont过程中，大都看书枯燥、看视频进度慢，网上查找的学习案例又比较凌乱不成体系。。", + "content": "
\n

\n \n 众所周知，我们在学习Pyhont过程中，大都看书枯燥、看视频进度慢，网上查找的学习案例又比较凌乱不成体系。。。\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 百看不如一练，今天为大家搜集了一份\n \n \n \n Python从入门到进阶的实战案例合集\n \n \n \n ，共计247个案例，185页内容。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 内容涵盖：\n \n \n

\n
\n \"图片\"\n
\n

\n \n \n 高清PDF版，所有代码均可复制。是python学习路上练习的最佳参考资料。快快收藏起来吧。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n \n 内容预览：\n \n \n \n

\n
\n \"图片\"\n
\n
\n \"图片\"\n
\n
\n \"图片\"\n
\n

\n \n \n 由于篇幅过长，只能为大家部分展示，这本书完整版的PDF已经为大家准备好了。\n \n \n

\n \n

\n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n

\n \n \n

\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/Q3LxHU9ak6O0lsV7fhd7Og", + "creator": "python开发工程师", + "pubDate": "Mon, 28 Jul 2025 08:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZwh724zKm8HvjLVfvm085TQp1JXXib8X7PgGcdkYDvI7TlJNyt486cZtzNTgqrmGRiaGuzic0Lrm4H2A/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZwh724zKm8HvjLVfvm085TQp1JXXib8X7PgGcdkYDvI7TlJNyt486cZtzNTgqrmGRiaGuzic0Lrm4H2A/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247511437_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "IT技术", + "feed": "python开发工程师", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "bef4c21bd27ae5b52bc5a6bf7e2978ea", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "一周练完！100个Python实战项目，太实用了，绝对不能错过（附完整版源码＋教程）", "description": "Python 是一种极具可读性和通用性的编程语言。", @@ -8849,6 +8409,28 @@ "hash": "2352d4354695dde18515b9b7b64ead5e", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "自学python必看的书籍《Python编程：从入门到实践》PDF版拿走不谢", + "description": "自学python必看的书籍《Python编程：从入门到实践》内容简介本书是一本针对所有层次的Python 读者", + "content": "
\n

\n \n \n 自学python必看的书籍《Python编程：从入门到实践》\n \n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \"图片\"\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 内容简介\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 本书是一本针对所有层次的Python 读者而作的Python 入门书。全书分两部分：\n \n

\n

\n \n 第一部分介绍用Python 编程所必须了解的基本概念，包括matplotlib、NumPy 和Pygal 等强大的Python 库和工具介绍，以及列表、字典、if 语句、类、文件与异常、代码测试等内容；\n \n

\n

\n \n 第二部分将理论付诸实践，讲解如何开发三个项目，包括简单的Python 2D 游戏开发如何利用数据生成交互式的信息图，以及创建和定制简单的Web 应用，并帮读者解决常见编程问题和困惑。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 目录\n \n \n

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\n \n \"图片\"\n \n
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\n \n \n 书籍的分享格式为PDF电子版，小伙伴们手机也可以阅读学习哦！\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 书籍终归只是辅助，想要真的深入学习python，当然还要有系统的学习方法和学习教程才可以让你在学习的路上一帆风顺哦！\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 本套视频一共400集，本套视频共分3季：\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 第一季 【基础篇】Python基础 （115集）\n \n

\n

\n \n 第二季 【提高篇】Python深入和扩展（100集）\n \n

\n

\n \n 第三季 【扩展篇】网络编程、多线程、扩展库（85集）\n \n

\n

\n \n 第四季 【高手篇】算法、Python源码、函数式编程、手工实现神经网络（100集）\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n \"图片\"\n \n
\n

\n \n \n 以上这些教程我已经为大家打包准备好了，希望对正在学习的你有所帮助！\n \n \n

\n
    \n
  1. \n

    \n \n \n \n 获取方式：公众号私信回复“学习”即可\n \n \n \n

    \n
    2. \n
  2. \n

    \n \n \n \n 需要的小伙伴可以多多点赞转发 让更多的人看到\n \n \n \n

    \n
    3. \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n

\n \n \n

\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/CFfrCyYKJX5rJG0qS4_CqQ", + "creator": "python开发工程师", + "pubDate": "Sat, 12 Jul 2025 06:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZwm6QzeJkQsibiaKQWY9iaEoFlhj1dyuLP0Bqe2vJOHbia2M04j6GCRMERWfZVcZialbuOxhrZKTN0j3mg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZwm6QzeJkQsibiaKQWY9iaEoFlhj1dyuLP0Bqe2vJOHbia2M04j6GCRMERWfZVcZialbuOxhrZKTN0j3mg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247511336_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "IT技术", + "feed": "python开发工程师", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "6ece793eae1a41b9db83f1da32129968", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "太强了！Python+Excel真的是神仙组合！", "description": "这本书是由流行开源Python库xlwings 创始人：费利克斯 •朱姆斯坦（Felix Zumstein）所", @@ -8871,6 +8453,28 @@ "hash": "d933a65ab5f209bc10d5d61a42d78b61", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "自学python必看的书籍《Python编程：从入门到实践》PDF版拿走不谢", + "description": "自学python必看的书籍《Python编程：从入门到实践》内容简介本书是一本针对所有层次的Python 读者", + "content": "
\n

\n \n \n 自学python必看的书籍《Python编程：从入门到实践》\n \n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \"图片\"\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 内容简介\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 本书是一本针对所有层次的Python 读者而作的Python 入门书。全书分两部分：\n \n

\n

\n \n 第一部分介绍用Python 编程所必须了解的基本概念，包括matplotlib、NumPy 和Pygal 等强大的Python 库和工具介绍，以及列表、字典、if 语句、类、文件与异常、代码测试等内容；\n \n

\n

\n \n 第二部分将理论付诸实践，讲解如何开发三个项目，包括简单的Python 2D 游戏开发如何利用数据生成交互式的信息图，以及创建和定制简单的Web 应用，并帮读者解决常见编程问题和困惑。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 目录\n \n \n

\n
\n \n \"图片\"\n \n
\n
\n \n \"图片\"\n \n
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\n \n \"图片\"\n \n
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\n \n \"图片\"\n \n
\n
\n \n \"图片\"\n \n
\n

\n \n \n 书籍的分享格式为PDF电子版，小伙伴们手机也可以阅读学习哦！\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 书籍终归只是辅助，想要真的深入学习python，当然还要有系统的学习方法和学习教程才可以让你在学习的路上一帆风顺哦！\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 本套视频一共400集，本套视频共分3季：\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 第一季 【基础篇】Python基础 （115集）\n \n

\n

\n \n 第二季 【提高篇】Python深入和扩展（100集）\n \n

\n

\n \n 第三季 【扩展篇】网络编程、多线程、扩展库（85集）\n \n

\n

\n \n 第四季 【高手篇】算法、Python源码、函数式编程、手工实现神经网络（100集）\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n \"图片\"\n \n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 以上这些教程我已经为大家打包准备好了，希望对正在学习的你有所帮助！\n \n \n

\n
    \n
  1. \n

    \n \n \n \n 获取方式：公众号私信回复“学习”即可\n \n \n \n

    \n
    2. \n
  2. \n

    \n \n \n \n 需要的小伙伴可以多多点赞转发 让更多的人看到\n \n \n \n

    \n
    3. \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n

\n \n \n

\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/4lrbYqMOMaeZY0ePHWyBVg", + "creator": "python开发工程师", + "pubDate": "Thu, 10 Jul 2025 06:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZwSZYGiaKv8xXtfjx0PZ3rnzgwZqTn10rhwticCVNicEzMpLia4Bvko08qBXYSYPcRNLtEm6ZiaJRHWpmw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZwSZYGiaKv8xXtfjx0PZ3rnzgwZqTn10rhwticCVNicEzMpLia4Bvko08qBXYSYPcRNLtEm6ZiaJRHWpmw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247511324_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "IT技术", + "feed": "python开发工程师", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "fb4a24facd693493c2b06a9376b12688", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "2025神仙级Python入门教程(非常详细)，从零基础入门到精通，从看这篇开始", "description": "一、初聊Python1.为什么要学习Python？", @@ -8893,6 +8497,28 @@ "hash": "743550d894428decfbde5b814601cf70", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "每天五分钟—Python知识点总结13张思维导图（附全套教程）", + "description": "如果初学者接触的第一门语言是Python，学习曲线则会平滑得多，掌握一些基本语法和Python内置的数据结构，", + "content": "
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n
\n

\n \n \n 如果初学者接触的第一门语言是Python，学习曲线则会平滑得多\n \n \n \n ，掌握一些基本语法和Python内置的数据结构，已经可以上手写一些小工具或者小型应用。这对初学者来说，非常重要。因为学习的过程是一个突破舒适区的过程，会面临很多痛苦，如果学习过程得不到激励，很容易半途而废，类似我们开玩笑说的「从入门到放弃」。\n \n \n \n Python还有很多优点：\n \n \n \n 上手快，第三方库丰富，资料丰富，很容易做出“可见可得”的应用。\n \n \n \n Python所需要学习的知识基础知识\n \n \n \n Python最基本的语言特性和语法:•变量•数据类型与数据结构•输入和输出•运算符、表达式、语句•控制流(顺序控制，选择控制和循环控制)•面向过程编程•面向对象编程•异常处理•组织代码•标准库、第三方库\n \n

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\n \"图片\"\n
\n

\n \n \n 为大家准备了一些python的学习教程和PDF格式的python电子书籍，希望可以帮助到大家。\n \n \n

\n
\n \"图片\"\n
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\n \n
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\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n

\n \n \n 以上这些教程我已经为大家打包准备好了，希望对正在学习的你有所帮助！\n \n \n

\n
    \n
  1. \n

    \n \n \n \n 获取方式：公众号内回复“学习”即可\n \n \n \n

    \n
    2. \n
  2. \n

    \n \n \n \n 需要的小伙伴可以多多点赞转发 让更多的人看到\n \n \n \n

    \n
    3. \n
\n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n
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\n \n
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\n \n \n

\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/p1kNytp-ZuUyIa4g6FQemg", + "creator": "python开发工程师", + "pubDate": "Wed, 09 Jul 2025 06:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZzibdZyOl6Eib8HHXcT1nesbEDU5QxVTKl7ibKiaia6p9HI6PiausBDyjib4ibx7TlS7XX8xicFn6hJdXnpuRQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZzibdZyOl6Eib8HHXcT1nesbEDU5QxVTKl7ibKiaia6p9HI6PiausBDyjib4ibx7TlS7XX8xicFn6hJdXnpuRQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247511318_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "IT技术", + "feed": "python开发工程师", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "5b731a170332c34c2ac69fa674d01432", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "一周练完！100个Python实战项目，太实用了，绝对不能错过（附完整版源码＋教程）", "description": "Python 是一种极具可读性和通用性的编程语言。", @@ -8915,6 +8541,28 @@ "hash": "d18f8425d7748ea43c815c70b404cbd4", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "自学python必看的书籍《Python编程：从入门到实践》", + "description": "内容简介本书是一本针对所有层次的Python 读者而作的Python 入门书。", + "content": "
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \"图片\"\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 内容简介\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 本书是一本针对所有层次的Python 读者而作的Python 入门书。全书分两部分：\n \n

\n

\n \n 第一部分介绍用Python 编程所必须了解的基本概念，包括matplotlib、NumPy 和Pygal 等强大的Python 库和工具介绍，以及列表、字典、if 语句、类、文件与异常、代码测试等内容；\n \n

\n

\n \n 第二部分将理论付诸实践，讲解如何开发三个项目，包括简单的Python 2D 游戏开发如何利用数据生成交互式的信息图，以及创建和定制简单的Web 应用，并帮读者解决常见编程问题和困惑。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 目录\n \n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n \"图片\"\n \n
\n
\n \n \"图片\"\n \n
\n
\n \n \"图片\"\n \n
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\n \n \"图片\"\n \n
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\n \n \"图片\"\n \n
\n
\n \n \"图片\"\n \n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 书籍的分享格式为PDF电子版，小伙伴们手机也可以阅读学习哦！\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 书籍终归只是辅助，想要真的深入学习python，当然还要有系统的学习方法和学习教程才可以让你在学习的路上一帆风顺哦！\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 本套视频一共400集，本套视频共分3季：\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 第一季 【基础篇】Python基础 （115集）\n \n

\n

\n \n 第二季 【提高篇】Python深入和扩展（100集）\n \n

\n

\n \n 第三季 【扩展篇】网络编程、多线程、扩展库（85集）\n \n

\n

\n \n 第四季 【高手篇】算法、Python源码、函数式编程、手工实现神经网络（100集）\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n \"图片\"\n \n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 以上这些教程我已经为大家打包准备好了，希望对正在学习的你有所帮助！\n \n \n

\n
    \n
  1. \n

    \n \n \n \n 获取方式：公众号私信回复“学习”即可\n \n \n \n

    \n
    2. \n
  2. \n

    \n \n \n \n 需要的小伙伴可以多多点赞转发 让更多的人看到\n \n \n \n

    \n
    3. \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n

\n \n \n

\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/c_5LNvw3SAjwBdMs9TRztQ", + "creator": "python开发工程师", + "pubDate": "Sat, 05 Jul 2025 06:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZxW21P2Wlme8ePMGec1BlUXOFYxYplAyK6CLl2x2bH4d2ZWosUWkQlGPFHSr7MpMNoggFfhVnvzag/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZxW21P2Wlme8ePMGec1BlUXOFYxYplAyK6CLl2x2bH4d2ZWosUWkQlGPFHSr7MpMNoggFfhVnvzag/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247511294_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "IT技术", + "feed": "python开发工程师", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "7dcfc8e3ce8ac73a506470cf4f75b40b", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "非常喜欢python！读懂这三本书，学python事半功倍。", "description": "非常喜欢python我非常喜欢python，在前面5年里，它一直是我热衷使用并不断研究的语言，迄今为止，pyt", @@ -8937,6 +8585,28 @@ "hash": "dcf70fe51f897760827e674a15584849", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "练完这102个项目，你的Python就牛了", + "description": "Python 初学者在迈过安装编程环境和基本语法的门槛，准备大展身手的时候，可能突然就会进入迷茫期:不知道做些", + "content": "
\n

\n \n
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\n

\n \n \n \n \n

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\n \"图片\"\n
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\n \n Python 初学者在迈过安装编程环境和基本语法的门槛，准备大展身手的时候，可能突然就会进入迷茫期:\n \n

\n

\n \n 不知道做些什么、再学些什么。\n \n

\n

\n \n 然后对编程的兴趣就会慢慢消退，找不到坚持下去的理由，从而慢慢淡忘之前学会的编程知识。\n \n

\n

\n \n 所以找到自己感兴趣、能够跟着动手和学习的 Python 项目是特别重要的❗❗❗\n \n

\n

\n \n 这样才能把学会的Python 知识用起来，不断地提高。最终从新手晋升为高手\n \n

\n

\n \n 不管学习哪门语言都希望能做出实际的东西来，这个实际的东西当然就是项目啦\n \n

\n

\n \n 不用多说大家都知道学编程语言一定要做项目才行。\n \n

\n

\n \n 1、[Python 图片转字符画]\n \n

\n

\n \n 2、【200行Python代码实现2048]\n \n

\n

\n \n 3、[Python3实现火车票查询工具]\n \n

\n

\n \n 4、【高德API+Python解决租房问题]\n \n

\n

\n \n 5、【Python3色情图片识别]\n \n

\n

\n \n 6、【Python破解验证码]\n \n

\n

\n \n 7、【Python实现简单的Web服务器]\n \n

\n

\n \n 8、【pygame开发打飞机游戏]\n \n

\n

\n \n 9、[Django搭建简易博客]\n \n

\n

\n \n 10、[Python基于共现提取《釜山行》人物关系]\n \n

\n

\n \n 11、【基于scrapy爬虫的天气数据采集(python)]\n \n

\n

\n \n 12、【Flask开发轻博客]\n \n

\n

\n \n 13、【Python3图片隐写术]\n \n

\n

\n \n 14、【Python 实现简易Shell)\n \n

\n

\n \n 15、【使用Python解数学方程]\n \n

\n

\n \n 16、【PyQt实现简易浏览器]\n \n

\n

\n \n 17、【神经网络实现手写字符识别系统]\n \n

\n

\n \n 18、【Python实现简单画板]\n \n

\n

\n \n 19、【Python实现3D建模工具]\n \n

\n

\n \n 20、【NBA常规赛结果预测--利用Python进行\n \n \n \n 比赛数据分析]\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 21、\n \n \n \n 【神经网络实现人脸识别任务]\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 22、【\n \n \n \n [Python文本解析器]\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 23、\n \n \n \n [Python3&OpenCV视频转字符动画]\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 24、[Python3实现淘女郎照片爬虫]\n \n

\n

\n \n 25、\n \n \n \n [Python3实现简单的FTP认证服务器]\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 26、\n \n \n \n [基于Flask与MySQL实现番剧推荐系统]\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 27、[Python实现端口扫描器]\n \n

\n

\n \n 28、\n \n \n \n 【使用Python3编写系列实]\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 29、【Python实现康威生命游戏实用脚本]\n \n

\n

\n \n 30、\n \n \n \n 【川普撞脸希拉里(基于OpenCV\n \n \n \n \n 征交换]\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 31、【Python 3实现Markdown解析器]\n \n

\n

\n \n 32、【Python气象数据分析--《Python数据分\n \n \n \n 析实战》]\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 33、\n \n \n \n 【Python实现键值数据库]\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 34、\n \n \n \n [k-近邻算法实现手写数字识别系统]\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 35、\n \n \n \n 【ebay在线拍卖数据分析]\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 36、\n \n \n \n [Python实现英文新闻摘要自动提取]\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 37、\n \n \n \n 【Python实现简易局域网视频聊大工具]\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 38、【基于Flask及爬虫实现微信娱乐机器人]\n \n

\n

\n \n 39、[Python实现Python解释器]\n \n

\n

\n \n 40、【Python3基于Scapy实现DDos]\n \n

\n

\n \n 41、[Python实现密码强度检测器]\n \n

\n

\n \n 42、【使用Python实现深度神经网络]\n \n

\n

\n \n 43、【Python实现从excel读取数据并绘制成精\n \n \n \n 美图像]\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 44、【人机对战初体验Python基于Pygame实现\n \n \n \n 四子棋游戏]\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 45、【Python3实现可控制肉鸡的反向Shell1\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 获取方式：\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n \n 1.点赞＋在看\n \n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 2.点击下方小卡片发送‘学习’即可获取~\n \n \n

\n

\n \n
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\n \n
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\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/uOAr9KwYg-6HvbJGRBLxvw", + "creator": "python开发工程师", + "pubDate": "Fri, 04 Jul 2025 04:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZwqm1fyIIFpxnqmrUNyQznwjRjhPW9ic9u3d6IlWcphPpBA01tZtwhmSZBXLxAa7YiajapwmwNq1gkw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZwqm1fyIIFpxnqmrUNyQznwjRjhPW9ic9u3d6IlWcphPpBA01tZtwhmSZBXLxAa7YiajapwmwNq1gkw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247511287_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "IT技术", + "feed": "python开发工程师", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "28a2618c1b234cc3ef8658429dea6b8e", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "自学python必看的书籍《Python编程：从入门到实践》PDF版拿走不谢", "description": "自学python必看的书籍《Python编程：从入门到实践》内容简介本书是一本针对所有层次的Python 读者", @@ -8959,6 +8629,28 @@ "hash": "934dc0c78abe4f4d7b3496f12820db70", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "使用Python6年后，发现学Python看完这几本书少走一半弯路，别错过", + "description": "在前面6年里，它一直是我热衷使用并不断研究的语言，迄今为止，python都非常友好并且易于学习！", + "content": "
\n

\n \n 在前面6年里，它一直是我热衷使用并不断研究的语言，迄今为止，python都非常友好并且易于学习！它几乎可以做任何事，从简单的脚本创建、web，到数据可视化以及AI人工智能，使热衷python的人群变得越来越多。接下来推荐4本学python一定要看的书籍，有了他们，至少能节省50%的时间少走一半的弯路！\n \n

\n
\n \"图片\"\n
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\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 零基础学python必看两本 一\n \n \n \n 《21天学通Python》\n \"图片\"\n \n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 《21天学通Python》\n \n \n \n 共分三篇。第一篇介绍Python语言的特点、安装、语法基础、程序流程控制、面向过程的编程方法、面向对象的编程方法、程序异常的处理；第二篇介绍了Python语言中的包与模块、迭代器、生成器、装饰器、上下文管理器等进阶语法，同时介绍了使用Python标准库中的文件系统处理、图形化界面编程、正则表达式、网络编程、多进（线）程编程、数据库编程。此外，还介绍了运用第三方库的Web网站编程、图片处理；第三篇通过两个案例介绍Python的综合编程技术。二《python 程序员指南》\n \n

\n

\n \n \"图片\"\n \n

\n

\n \n 1、本书主要讲解Python语言的基础知识、编程 及应用 2、本书的概念和思路清晰，并对相应的概念提供了大量的编程实例，具有很高的参考和应用价值 3、本书的内容深入浅出、通俗易懂、从最简单的例子着眼逐步进阶、不仅适合初学者，对使用Python编写各种大型、复杂应用的程序员来说也是一本实用的参考书 python技能获取拓展\n \n \n \n 《python数据可视化编程实战》\n \"图片\"\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 本书是一本使用 Python 实现数据可视化编程的实战指南，介绍了如何使用 Python 流行的库，通过 70 余种方法创建美观的数据可视化效果。全书共 9 章，分别介绍了准备工作环境、了解数据、绘制并定制化图表、学习更多图表和定制化、创建 3D 可视化图表、用图像和地图绘制图表、使用正确的图表理解数据、更多的 matplotlib 知识以及使用\n \n \n \n Plot.ly\n \n \n \n 进行云端可视化。本书适合那些对 Python 编程有一定基础的开发人员阅读，可以帮助读者从头开始了解数据、数据格式、数据可视化，并学会使用 Python 可视化数据。\n \n \n \n 《Python编程快速上手——让繁琐工作自动化》\n \"图片\"\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 电子版已经给大家准备好了，早日成为Python大佬！\n \n \n \n 由于篇幅原因，所有章节就不一一截图展示，有需要的小伙伴可以\n \n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 获取方式：\n \n \n

\n
    \n
  1. \n

    \n \n 点赞+再看\n \n

    \n
    2. \n
  2. \n

    \n \n 公众号内私信回复“学习”\n \n

    \n
    3. \n
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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/xiNrfMycIKR5iK9CRQLnRg", + "creator": "python开发工程师", + "pubDate": "Tue, 01 Jul 2025 09:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZzTvd1vr2rzDSOOIRMB4TLicSPxKqGGBPVOWu8SjWLRMExd0LYnWI4PqU879eNSmrLFzVTF7Q6R5pg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZzTvd1vr2rzDSOOIRMB4TLicSPxKqGGBPVOWu8SjWLRMExd0LYnWI4PqU879eNSmrLFzVTF7Q6R5pg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247511269_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "IT技术", + "feed": "python开发工程师", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "25b3ac08e2f72fa4d222dc9703f673c2", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "一周练完！100个Python实战项目，太实用了，绝对不能错过（附完整版源码＋教程）", "description": "Python 是一种极具可读性和通用性的编程语言。", @@ -8981,6 +8673,28 @@ "hash": "9a3ecdf1a8d48a28b17be98c6a04879f", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "Python是什么？为什么一定要学Python?", + "description": "一，Python是什么？Python是一种计算机编程语言。", + "content": "
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n
\n

\n \n 一，Python是什么？\n \n

\n

\n \n Python是一种计算机编程语言。\n \n

\n

\n \n 对于“编程”，你可能或多或少听说过Java/C语言/C++ /PHP等语言，Python作为近几年特别火的一门编程语言，相较前面几种语言，更注重可读性和效率。\n \n

\n

\n \n 因此，Python对于注重开发效率的程序员来说是大受欢迎的，他们给Python的定位是“优雅”、“明确”、“简单”。\n \n

\n

\n \n 除此之外，Python还具有以下优势，获得人们的青睐：\n \n

\n

\n \n Python 易于学习——Python程序简单易懂，初学者只要识字、会简单的算术、看懂英文单词就能入门学习。因此很多小学生从小就开始通过学习python来培养编程思维。\n \n

\n

\n \n 少量的代码就能构建出很多功能—— 在Python中，几乎每个想法都可以通过20-30行代码快速验证。\n \n

\n

\n \n Python 拥有最成熟的程序包资源库之一——Python有满足不同需求的库，无论实现什么功能，都有现成的类库可以使用。\n \n

\n

\n \n Python 是人工智能/现代数据科学中最常使用的语言——Python应用领域广泛（如图），尤其是人工智能/大数据时代不可或缺的技能。\n \n

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\n \n 二、为什么一定要学Python?\n \n

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\n \n 1、时代之驱\n \n

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\n \n 这两年，最火的词莫过于“人工智能”。\n \n

\n

\n \n 随着人工智能和机器学习的发展，各行各业职位正在逐渐被智能机器取替，为了应对被取替的风险，越来越多人开始学习编程，学习火热的程度可谓“全民Python编程的时代”。\n \n

\n

\n \n 可以看看几个重要的新闻：\n \n

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    \n
  • \n

    \n \n \n Python纳入浙江省高考！浙江省信息技术教材编程语言将会更换为 Python。\n \n \n

    \n
    • \n
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    \n \n \n Python纳入山东省的小学教材课程，小学生都开始接触 Python 语言了。\n \n \n

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    • \n
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    \n \n \n Python 已加入全国计算机等级考试！教育部考试中心决定自2018年起，在计算机二级考试加入了“Python语言程序设计”科目。\n \n \n

    \n
    • \n
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\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 现在国外国内很多家长已经给孩子报名学习Python编程课程了。在美国，就连婴幼儿也有专门的编程童书。\n \n

\n

\n \n 所以，如果不想被淘汰，现在就应该抓紧机会学起来！\n \n

\n

\n \n 2、Python最适合0基础学习者\n \n

\n

\n \n 对于编程小白来说，Python是最适合0基础学习的编程语言。\n \n

\n

\n \n Python的语法简单，代码可读性高，容易入门。从Python学起，你很快就能运用Python编程的底层逻辑去学习另外的语言。也就是说，学习Python是学习编程的最好起点。\n \n

\n

\n \n 3、Python极大提升现有岗位的竞争力\n \n

\n

\n \n 有许多在职程序员本身学了c语言、java等其他编程后，仍坚定多学一门Python开发，他们都被Python代码的优美和开发效率所折服。\n \n

\n

\n \n 比如有一些工程师，以前在做很多SEO优化的时候，苦于不会编程，一些程序上面的问题，得不到解决，只能做做简单的页面优化。\n \n

\n

\n \n 现在学会Python之后，可以编写一些查询收录，排名，自动生成网络地图的程序，解决棘手的SEO问题，这样，在原有专业基础上，他们就多了一项高效的技能。\n \n

\n

\n \n 此外，如果你关注新闻和就业情况，可以明显感觉到，随着 Python 语言的持续火热，对于 Python 技术人才的需求也在不断增加。\n \n

\n

\n \n 通过统计，各大招聘网中，Python岗位的日均需求量甚至达到了 15000+，北上广深等一线城市的需求更是数量庞大，可见这个技能的竞争压力之大。\n \n

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\n \n \n \n 以下通过职友集Python 工资实际查询截图：\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 在北京，Python平均工资20980，并且92.7%的Python从业人员薪资在10K以上。\n \n \n

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\n \n
\n \n

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\n \n \n 在互联网比较发达的二线城市，比如成都平均工资12260，6K以上占比85% ，10K以上占比也到达了70.4%。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 可以说，Python是近两年投入性价比最高的学习技能之一了！\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 现在，相信你已经对Python有了初步的认知和了解。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 最后\n \n

\n

\n \n 如果对Python感兴趣的话，可以试试我的学习方法以及相关的学习资料\n \n

\n

\n \n 对于0基础小白入门：\n \n

\n

\n \n 如果你是零基础小白，想快速入门Python是可以考虑培训的。\n \n

\n

\n \n 一方面是学习时间相对较短，学习内容更全面更集中。\n \n

\n

\n \n Python所有方向的学习路线\n \n

\n

\n \n Python所有方向的技术点做的整理，形成各个领域的知识点汇总，它的用处就在于，你可以按照上面的知识点去找对应的学习资源，保证自己学得较为全面。\n \n

\n

\n \n Python所有方向的学习路线\n \n

\n

\n \n \n Python所有方向的技术点做的整理，形成各个领域的知识点汇总，它的用处就在于，你可以按照上面的知识点去找对应的学习资源，保证自己学得较为全面。\n \n \n

\n
\n \"图片\"\n
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\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n Python必备开发工具\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 工欲善其事必先利其器。学习Python常用的开发软件都在这里了，给大家节省了很多时间。\n \n \n

\n
\n \"图片\"\n
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\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n Python精品PDF电子书\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 阅读一些书籍或者手写的笔记资料，这些笔记详细记载了他们对一些技术点的理解，这些理解是比较独到，可以学到不一样的思路。\n \n \n

\n
\n \"图片\"\n
\n

\n \n Python学习视频\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 观看零基础学习视频，看视频学习是最快捷也是最有效果的方式，跟着视频中老师的思路，从基础到深入，还是很容易入门的。\n \n \n

\n
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\n \n
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\n

\n \n 实战案例\n \n

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\n \n \n 光学理论是没用的，要学会跟着一起敲，要动手实操，才能将自己的所学运用到实际当中去，这时候可以搞点实战案例来学习。\n \n \n

\n
\n \"图片\"\n
\n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 获取方式：\n \n

\n

\n \n 1.点赞+再看\n \n

\n

\n \n 2.公众号内回复：“学习”\n \n

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\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/il87sB37BUOUiln-4bMyzQ", + "creator": "python开发工程师", + "pubDate": "Mon, 30 Jun 2025 09:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZy6NhzQnQnn6fj5giafbrz2bCXCNXVa4kriaKonPngaWuYNXLfSuEOtL6Fu3Ga0XM2RExUB46rDL0eg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZy6NhzQnQnn6fj5giafbrz2bCXCNXVa4kriaKonPngaWuYNXLfSuEOtL6Fu3Ga0XM2RExUB46rDL0eg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247511263_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "IT技术", + "feed": "python开发工程师", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "41aaa40f77c628b164b24e899c10bf40", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "每天五分钟—Python知识点总结13张思维导图（附全套教程）", "description": "如果初学者接触的第一门语言是Python，学习曲线则会平滑得多，掌握一些基本语法和Python内置的数据结构，", @@ -9003,6 +8717,28 @@ "hash": "6945f979532d2b5989ef04164d801403", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "自学python必看的书籍《Python编程：从入门到实践》PDF版拿走不谢", + "description": "内容简介本书是一本针对所有层次的Python 读者而作的Python 入门书。", + "content": "
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\n \n \"图片\"\n \n

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\n \n \n 内容简介\n \n \n

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\n \n 本书是一本针对所有层次的Python 读者而作的Python 入门书。全书分两部分：\n \n

\n

\n \n 第一部分介绍用Python 编程所必须了解的基本概念，包括matplotlib、NumPy 和Pygal 等强大的Python 库和工具介绍，以及列表、字典、if 语句、类、文件与异常、代码测试等内容；\n \n

\n

\n \n 第二部分将理论付诸实践，讲解如何开发三个项目，包括简单的Python 2D 游戏开发如何利用数据生成交互式的信息图，以及创建和定制简单的Web 应用，并帮读者解决常见编程问题和困惑。\n \n

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\n \n
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\n \n \n 目录\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 书籍的分享格式为PDF电子版，小伙伴们手机也可以阅读学习哦！\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 书籍终归只是辅助，想要真的深入学习python，当然还要有系统的学习方法和学习教程才可以让你在学习的路上一帆风顺哦！\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 本套视频一共400集，本套视频共分3季：\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 第一季 【基础篇】Python基础 （115集）\n \n

\n

\n \n 第二季 【提高篇】Python深入和扩展（100集）\n \n

\n

\n \n 第三季 【扩展篇】网络编程、多线程、扩展库（85集）\n \n

\n

\n \n 第四季 【高手篇】算法、Python源码、函数式编程、手工实现神经网络（100集）\n \n

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\n \n \n 以上这些教程我已经为大家打包准备好了，希望对正在学习的你有所帮助！\n \n \n

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    \n
  1. \n

    \n \n \n \n 获取方式：公众号私信回复“学习”即可\n \n \n \n

    \n
    2. \n
  2. \n

    \n \n \n \n 需要的小伙伴可以多多点赞转发 让更多的人看到\n \n \n \n

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    3. \n
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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/OBYA9CqtM2SJz3V0OsMNMw", + "creator": "python开发工程师", + "pubDate": "Fri, 27 Jun 2025 09:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZy6NhzQnQnn6fj5giafbrz2bENYGODukDQ8iaKoSXOKkIEz9iaAdM2HiaTL77jqDuHqbple8NGD0NlMFQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZy6NhzQnQnn6fj5giafbrz2bENYGODukDQ8iaKoSXOKkIEz9iaAdM2HiaTL77jqDuHqbple8NGD0NlMFQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247511245_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "IT技术", + "feed": "python开发工程师", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "761a8deb7a6670d138fbe73449a68ef1", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "56个java毕设项目！附源码+视频！", "description": "Java毕设项目可从多个领域和方向进行选择，以下是一些推荐的项目方向，涵盖不同技术栈和应用场景，适合不同难度需", @@ -9025,6 +8761,28 @@ "hash": "b3fa55dd5b4feeaa370d84c7511f8eb9", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "计算机专业18个Java毕设项目（附源码+视频+数据库），拿走即用！期末毕设不用", + "description": "领取方式：点赞+私信留言“111”或主动给我打个招呼，我都会回复的~~~一定要关注我，不然我发不了消息哦~", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 领取方式：点赞+私信留言“111”或主动给我打个招呼，我都会回复的~~~\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 一定要关注我，不然我发不了消息哦~\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 整理不易，有帮助的话大家一定要 点赞 + 收藏 哦 ❤️！支持作者的同时，便于自己下次更方便地找到叭！\n \n \n

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\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/jJOoSZywzYalMsmElLJDFw", + "creator": "python开发工程师", + "pubDate": "Wed, 25 Jun 2025 09:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZykJYNAN6ERqWwaXLkUyZR9fvibGb3ZJY6qI6g2LWABXT88R1dhIwRS6icaENdrkXtrtoIuBzJ0Od2w/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZykJYNAN6ERqWwaXLkUyZR9fvibGb3ZJY6qI6g2LWABXT88R1dhIwRS6icaENdrkXtrtoIuBzJ0Od2w/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247511233_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "IT技术", + "feed": "python开发工程师", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "5f74af3509bb7119b65229e9a44505ee", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "自学python必看的书籍《Python编程：从入门到实践》PDF版拿走不谢", "description": "自学python必看的书籍《Python编程：从入门到实践》内容简介本书是一本针对所有层次的Python 读者", @@ -9047,6 +8805,28 @@ "hash": "9397870631052e80a6854e64e07d7b1d", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "python入门教程完整版（PDF版）", + "description": "当年3w买的全套python教程用不着了，现在送给有缘人，不要钱，一个月教你从入门到精通本套视频共600集70", + "content": "
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\n \n
\n \n

\n
\n

\n \n \n 当年3w买的全套python教程用不着了，现在送给有缘人，不要钱，一个月教你从入门到精通\n \n \n

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\n \n
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\n \n \n 本套视频共600集\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 70个练手项目列表\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 300套Python书籍PDF版等等~\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n (我现在正在发放中,如下图)\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 获取方式\n \n \n \n
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\n \n 1、点赞+在看\n \n

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\n \n 2、后台回复：\n \n \n \n 学习\n \n \n

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\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/kZFae2Y-ENwLqQRWOyFvVA", + "creator": "python开发工程师", + "pubDate": "Mon, 23 Jun 2025 09:47:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZzmibvbzGeIPHq0Sn1ibibWA4MIibpTZGza7gH3SRSCUFh8dZ8LKI27RBJY6wWn2yK5yqsjBY3axkYqSQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZzmibvbzGeIPHq0Sn1ibibWA4MIibpTZGza7gH3SRSCUFh8dZ8LKI27RBJY6wWn2yK5yqsjBY3axkYqSQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247511206_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "IT技术", + "feed": "python开发工程师", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "11ddd29ebda4153b594d8c3b201af156", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "史上最详细python学习路线-从入门到精通，只需5个月时间", "description": "Python是一种功能很强大的语言，对于零基础学习Python还是有难度的,但只要学习方法对，入门还是很快哒。", @@ -9069,6 +8849,28 @@ "hash": "563c4620e9d0adfc2c8821adbec2fe03", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "学习python的必读书籍《利用Python进行数据分析》附PDF版", + "description": "这是非常经典的一本Python数据分析书，每一章之间有递进关系，适合Python入门（）如《Python编程，", + "content": "
\n

\n \n 这是非常经典的一本Python数据分析书，每一章之间有递进关系，适合Python入门（）如《Python编程，从入门到实践》）之后阅读，本书专门针对数据分析领域的。我细致地读了一遍，敲了一遍代码，一开始没有头绪，进展缓慢，后来逐渐明朗了。学习编程要多实践，这对没有基础的人来说有困难，因为无从下手。我的体会是，在你基础不牢的时候，就多看，多记，多总结，搭建自己的思路框架。\n \n

\n

\n \n 书籍简介\n \n

\n
\n \"图片\"\n
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\n \n 利用Python进行数据分析\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 本书由pandas项目创始人Wes McKinney亲笔撰写，详细介绍利用Python进行操作、处理、清洗和规整数据等方面的具体细节和基本要点。第2版针对Python 3.6进行全面修订和更新，涵盖新版的pandas、NumPy、IPython和Jupyter，并增加大量实际案例，可以帮助你高效解决一系列数据分析问题。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 第2版中的主要更新包括：\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n • 所有的代码，包括把Python的教程更新到了Python 3.6版本（第1版中使用的是Python 2.7）\n \n \n

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\n \n \n • 更新了Python第三方发布版Anaconda和其他所需Python包的安装指引\n \n \n

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\n \n \n • 更新pandas库到2017年的新版\n \n \n

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\n \n \n • 新增一章，关于更多高级pandas工具和一些使用提示\n \n \n

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\n \n \n • 新增statsmodels和scikit-learn的简明使用介绍\n \n \n

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\n \n 目录\n \n

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\n \n 第1章 准备工作\n \n
\n \n 第2章 Python语言基础、IPython及Jupyter notebook\n \n
\n \n 第3章 内建数据结构、函数及文件\n \n
\n \n 第4章 NumPy基础：数组与向量化计算\n \n
\n \n 第5章 pandas入门\n \n
\n \n 第6章 数据载入、存储及文件格式\n \n
\n \n 第7章 数据清洗与准备\n \n
\n \n 第8章 数据规整：连接、联合与重塑\n \n
\n \n 第9章 绘图与可视化\n \n
\n \n 第10章 数据聚合与分组操作\n \n
\n \n 第11章 时间序列\n \n
\n \n 第12章 高阶pandas\n \n
\n \n 第13章 Python建模库介绍\n \n
\n \n 第14章 数据分析示例\n \n

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\n \n \n \n 领取方式：\n \n
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    \n
  1. \n

    \n \n \n \n 点赞+在看\n \n \n \n

    \n
    2. \n
  2. \n

    \n \n \n \n 私信留下回复：“学习”\n \n \n \n

    \n
    3. \n
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\n \n \n

\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/QzNsOfAyqx2sgOiavcalzQ", + "creator": "python开发工程师", + "pubDate": "Fri, 20 Jun 2025 09:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZzmibvbzGeIPHq0Sn1ibibWA4MtWvsSEdycjHjFSUVspgdgrZ63Tic9M30R85C32DVibmXTlKomqNnDrKw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/Nc53lZXDjZzmibvbzGeIPHq0Sn1ibibWA4MtWvsSEdycjHjFSUVspgdgrZ63Tic9M30R85C32DVibmXTlKomqNnDrKw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247511178_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "IT技术", + "feed": "python开发工程师", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "1189f681b3a409d6c3f0d7e40085e750", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "在线视频搜索与观看MCP服务maccmsv10-api-mcp", "description": "maccmsv10-api-mcp 是一个免费的在线视频搜索与观看 MCP 服务。", @@ -9201,28 +9003,6 @@ "hash": "2418ebb6657179d60b73596fead978e4", "highlights": [] }, - { - "title": "009LIFE - Famous Peking duck restaurant serves up a tasty treat in New York", - "description": "
\n

The interior of Quanjude in New York with decorations from the previous French fine dining establishment La Grenouille.

\n

After Quanjude's first failed attempt to enter the US market in Los Angeles some decades ago, it's coming back with a location situated in the vibrant Midtown area of New York City. This time with a different franchise ownership and a Michelin star.

\n

Located in a historical three-story building, the restaurant occupies the former site of the French fine dining establishment La Grenouille, which iDen & Quanjude, a Quanjude franchise under the ownership of Andy Zhang, acquired for $14.3 million.

\n

Under the dim light from crystal wall lamps around the restaurant, there's plush red velvet seats, classic oil paintings and bouquets of fresh flowers.

\n

The general manager of iDen & Quanjude, Wayne Pan, says this location has been a legendary restaurant site in New York with more than 60 years of history that once welcomed icons like David Bowie, Frank Sinatra and Truman Capote. It holds a deep meaning in many New Yorkers' hearts, which is why the original decor from La Grenouille has been preserved.

\n

Quanjude is a restaurant chain established in 1864 to serve royalty from the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). It witnessed and weathered some of the most important historical events including the end of the monarchy in China, World War II, and the founding of the People's Republic of China.

\n

Over the past 150 years, its Peking duck has become a national icon, with over 100 locations in China. It was also visited by several US presidents including Richard Nixon, Jimmy Carter, George H.W. Bush, Bill Clinton and Barack Obama.

\n

On its return to the North America market in 2019, Quanjude franchise iDen & Quanjude opened its Vancouver location, which is still going strong. It is also the only Michelin-starred Chinese restaurant in Canada, and has received a Michelin star for three straight years.

\n

The food critic from the Michelin Guide said, "It has a pedigree that traces back to an original location in Beijing from 1864, but the latest outpost in Vancouver proves that this legacy hasn't lost any of its luster. Indeed, the gold-accented dining room is a feast for the eyes, blending classic opulence with strikingly modern design."

\n

According to Pan, the ducks they serve are from a farm in Pennsylvania and are high in fat. All the ducks are fresh and never frozen. "We have high standards on our ducks," Pan says. "They are all the same size, packed six ducks per case, with the duck hair carefully removed, and the skin kept completely intact and undamaged."

\n

Pan explains that after all the organs are removed, the ducks are rinsed with hot water. Then, a special in-house sauce is applied to enhance the flavor and give them a rich, brown color. Afterward, the ducks are placed in a special drying cabinet for at least two days, which ensures the skin will be extra crispy. The final step involves roasting the ducks in an oven, as fire roasting is prohibited in New York.

\n

Then the duck is ready to be served with leeks imported from China, cucumber from Tianjin, paired with sweet bean paste made in house with a recipe from Quanjude in Beijing and wrapped in paper-thin pancakes.

\n

Other than the iconic Peking duck, the New York menu features a selection of upscale dishes crafted with premium ingredients such as bird's nest, sea cucumber, fish maw, lobster and geoduck (clams).

\n

Currently, iDen & Quanjude in New York is in a soft opening as, Pan explains, the second and third floors of the restaurant are still being decorated.

\n

"I hope Chinese people can experience the taste of home here, because many of us from northern China feel so happy when we eat this duck. I want Chinese people to feel at home, and I also hope Americans can experience the rich culture of Chinese food," says Pan, who also expressed the hope to promote Chinese high-end cuisine.

\n

This is not the first attempt by a Chinese Peking duck restaurant chain to enter the US fine dining market. In 2017, Dadong, another renowned Peking duck chain from China, also ventured into Manhattan with a prime location near Bryant Park. However, Dadong closed its doors just over two years later.

\n

The reviews for the iDen & Quanjude New York location have been mixed. New York Post food critic Steve Cuozzo gave the compliment that, "The bird from Pennsylvania's Jurgielewicz farm was flavor-rich and winningly moist beneath its amber skin", and "the food is as grown-up as the vibe".

\n

However, it didn't really impress Beijing native Jill Wang, 39, a Peking duck enthusiast, who came after hearing about it on RedNote. She says, "It's too greasy, not crispy enough … I don't think the duck here reached the Quanjude (Beijing) standard."

\n

Jill Wang's companion, Wei Wang from Shenyang, adds, "I like the environment here. This place used to be a French restaurant and they kept the decoration."

\n

He mentions that he would also like to try out places in Flushing and Washington DC for Peking duck.

\n

The success of iDen & Quanjude in Canada can be attributed to several key factors: its innovative decor featuring traditional Chinese elements, direct endorsement by the Michelin Guide, Quanjude's unrivaled reputation for Peking duck worldwide and the significant Chinese population residing in Vancouver.

\n

Only time will tell if iDen & Quanjude will survive New York's cutthroat dining landscape.

\n

bilinlin@chinadailyusa.com

\n

", - "content": "
\n

The interior of Quanjude in New York with decorations from the previous French fine dining establishment La Grenouille.

\n

After Quanjude's first failed attempt to enter the US market in Los Angeles some decades ago, it's coming back with a location situated in the vibrant Midtown area of New York City. This time with a different franchise ownership and a Michelin star.

\n

Located in a historical three-story building, the restaurant occupies the former site of the French fine dining establishment La Grenouille, which iDen & Quanjude, a Quanjude franchise under the ownership of Andy Zhang, acquired for $14.3 million.

\n

Under the dim light from crystal wall lamps around the restaurant, there's plush red velvet seats, classic oil paintings and bouquets of fresh flowers.

\n

The general manager of iDen & Quanjude, Wayne Pan, says this location has been a legendary restaurant site in New York with more than 60 years of history that once welcomed icons like David Bowie, Frank Sinatra and Truman Capote. It holds a deep meaning in many New Yorkers' hearts, which is why the original decor from La Grenouille has been preserved.

\n

Quanjude is a restaurant chain established in 1864 to serve royalty from the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). It witnessed and weathered some of the most important historical events including the end of the monarchy in China, World War II, and the founding of the People's Republic of China.

\n

Over the past 150 years, its Peking duck has become a national icon, with over 100 locations in China. It was also visited by several US presidents including Richard Nixon, Jimmy Carter, George H.W. Bush, Bill Clinton and Barack Obama.

\n

On its return to the North America market in 2019, Quanjude franchise iDen & Quanjude opened its Vancouver location, which is still going strong. It is also the only Michelin-starred Chinese restaurant in Canada, and has received a Michelin star for three straight years.

\n

The food critic from the Michelin Guide said, "It has a pedigree that traces back to an original location in Beijing from 1864, but the latest outpost in Vancouver proves that this legacy hasn't lost any of its luster. Indeed, the gold-accented dining room is a feast for the eyes, blending classic opulence with strikingly modern design."

\n

According to Pan, the ducks they serve are from a farm in Pennsylvania and are high in fat. All the ducks are fresh and never frozen. "We have high standards on our ducks," Pan says. "They are all the same size, packed six ducks per case, with the duck hair carefully removed, and the skin kept completely intact and undamaged."

\n

Pan explains that after all the organs are removed, the ducks are rinsed with hot water. Then, a special in-house sauce is applied to enhance the flavor and give them a rich, brown color. Afterward, the ducks are placed in a special drying cabinet for at least two days, which ensures the skin will be extra crispy. The final step involves roasting the ducks in an oven, as fire roasting is prohibited in New York.

\n

Then the duck is ready to be served with leeks imported from China, cucumber from Tianjin, paired with sweet bean paste made in house with a recipe from Quanjude in Beijing and wrapped in paper-thin pancakes.

\n

Other than the iconic Peking duck, the New York menu features a selection of upscale dishes crafted with premium ingredients such as bird's nest, sea cucumber, fish maw, lobster and geoduck (clams).

\n

Currently, iDen & Quanjude in New York is in a soft opening as, Pan explains, the second and third floors of the restaurant are still being decorated.

\n

"I hope Chinese people can experience the taste of home here, because many of us from northern China feel so happy when we eat this duck. I want Chinese people to feel at home, and I also hope Americans can experience the rich culture of Chinese food," says Pan, who also expressed the hope to promote Chinese high-end cuisine.

\n

This is not the first attempt by a Chinese Peking duck restaurant chain to enter the US fine dining market. In 2017, Dadong, another renowned Peking duck chain from China, also ventured into Manhattan with a prime location near Bryant Park. However, Dadong closed its doors just over two years later.

\n

The reviews for the iDen & Quanjude New York location have been mixed. New York Post food critic Steve Cuozzo gave the compliment that, "The bird from Pennsylvania's Jurgielewicz farm was flavor-rich and winningly moist beneath its amber skin", and "the food is as grown-up as the vibe".

\n

However, it didn't really impress Beijing native Jill Wang, 39, a Peking duck enthusiast, who came after hearing about it on RedNote. She says, "It's too greasy, not crispy enough … I don't think the duck here reached the Quanjude (Beijing) standard."

\n

Jill Wang's companion, Wei Wang from Shenyang, adds, "I like the environment here. This place used to be a French restaurant and they kept the decoration."

\n

He mentions that he would also like to try out places in Flushing and Washington DC for Peking duck.

\n

The success of iDen & Quanjude in Canada can be attributed to several key factors: its innovative decor featuring traditional Chinese elements, direct endorsement by the Michelin Guide, Quanjude's unrivaled reputation for Peking duck worldwide and the significant Chinese population residing in Vancouver.

\n

Only time will tell if iDen & Quanjude will survive New York's cutthroat dining landscape.

\n

bilinlin@chinadailyusa.com

\n

", - "category": "", - "link": "https://mobile.chinadaily.com.cn/cn/html5/2025-08/23/content_009_68a8e30eed50ccabe15180d0.htm#009LIFE", - "creator": "", - "pubDate": "Sat, 23 Aug 2025 00:21:05 +0000", - "enclosure": "", - "enclosureType": "", - "image": "", - "id": "", - "language": "", - "folder": "双语", - "feed": "ChinaDaily", - "read": false, - "favorite": false, - "created": false, - "tags": [], - "hash": "f5b1e0688dd67563bc2654d65cfaa87d", - "highlights": [] - }, { "title": "010WORLD - Courtroom test", "description": "

Suspended Thai Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra arrives at the Constitutional Court in Bangkok on Thursday to attend a hearing over a case seeking her dismissal over alleged ethics violations.

\n


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\n

\n \n 据新华社报道，8月12日，中美双方发布《中美斯德哥尔摩经贸会谈联合声明》。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 美方承诺继续调整对中国商品（包括香港特别行政区和澳门特别行政区商品）加征关税的措施，自8月12日起继续暂停实施24%的对等关税90天。中方自8月12日起继续暂停实施24%对美加征关税以及有关非关税反制措施90天。\n \n

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\n \n
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\n
\n \n \n \n \n
\n \n \n 当地时间7月28日至29日，中美经贸中方牵头人、国务院副总理何立峰与美方牵头人、美国财政部长贝森特及贸易代表格里尔在瑞典斯德哥尔摩举行中美经贸会谈。这是7月29日在瑞典斯德哥尔摩拍摄的中美经贸会谈地点外景。新华社记者 戴天放 摄\n \n \n
\n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 声明全文如下：\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n
\n
\n

\n \n 中美斯德哥尔摩经贸会谈联合声明\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n Joint Statement on China-US Economic and Trade Meeting in Stockholm\n \n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

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\n \n 中华人民共和国政府（“中国”）和美利坚合众国政府（“美国”），\n \n

\n

\n \n
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\n \n \n The Government of the People's Republic of China (\"China\") and the Government of the United States of America (the \"United States\"),\n \n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 忆及2025年5月12日达成的中美日内瓦经贸会谈联合声明（“日内瓦联合声明”）；以及\n \n

\n

\n \n
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\n \n \n Recalling the Joint Statement on China-US Economic and Trade Meeting in Geneva on May 12, 2025 (\"Geneva Joint Statement\"); and\n \n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 考虑到双方2025年6月9至10日伦敦会谈和2025年7月28至29日斯德哥尔摩会谈；\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n Reflecting on their meetings in London on June 9 and 10, 2025, and in Stockholm on July 28 and 29, 2025;\n \n \n

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\n \n
\n \n

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\n \n \n \n 双方忆及日内瓦联合声明下所作承诺，并同意于2025年8月12日前采取以下举措：\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n The Parties recall the commitments under the Geneva Joint Statement and agree to take the following actions by August 12, 2025:\n \n \n

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\n \n 一、美国将继续修改2025年4月2日第14257号行政令中规定的对中国商品（包括香港特别行政区和澳门特别行政区商品）加征从价关税的实施，\n \n \n \n \n 自2025年8月12日起再次暂停实施24%的关税90天，同时保留按该行政令规定对这些商品加征的剩余10%的关税\n \n \n \n \n 。\n \n

\n

\n \n
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\n \n \n 1. The United States will continue to modify the application of the additional ad valorem rate of duty on articles of China (including articles of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and the Macao Special Administrative Region) set forth in Executive Order 14257 of April 2, 2025, by suspending 24 percentage points of that rate for an additional period of 90 days, starting on August 12, 2025, while retaining the remaining ad valorem rate of 10 percent on those articles pursuant to the terms of said Order.\n \n \n

\n

\n \n
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\n \n 二、中国将继续（一）修改税委会公告2025年第4号规定的对美国商品加征的从价关税的实施，\n \n \n \n \n 自2025年8月12日起再次暂停实施24%的关税90天，同时保留对这些商品加征的剩余10%的关税\n \n \n \n \n ；并（二）根据日内瓦联合声明的商定，采取或者维持必要措施，暂停或取消针对美国的非关税反制措施。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

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\n \n \n 2. China will continue to (1) modify the application of the additional ad valorem rate of duty on articles of the United States set forth in the Announcement of the Customs Tariff Commission of the State Council No. 4 of 2025, by suspending 24 percentage points of that rate for an additional period of 90 days, starting on August 12, 2025, while retaining the remaining additional ad valorem rate of 10 percent on those articles, and (2) adopt or maintain all necessary administrative measures to suspend or remove the non-tariff countermeasures taken against the United States as agreed in the Geneva Joint Statement.\n \n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 本联合声明基于中美斯德哥尔摩经贸会谈讨论情况。本次会谈是根据日内瓦联合声明所建立的机制框架下召开的会议。中方代表是国务院副总理何立峰，美方代表是财政部长斯科特·贝森特和美国贸易代表贾米森·格里尔。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n This Joint Statement is based on the discussions that took place during the China-US Economic and Trade Meeting in Stockholm, which was held under the mechanism established by the Geneva Joint Statement. The representative from the Chinese side for this meeting was He Lifeng, Vice-Premier of the State Council, and the representatives from the US side were Scott Bessent, Secretary of Treasury, and Jamieson Greer, United States Trade Representative.\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 特朗普签署行政令\n \n \n \n

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\n \n 据央视新闻报道，当地时间8月11日，美国总统特朗普已签署行政令，将对中国的关税暂停措施再延长90天。\n \n

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\n \n \n 图源：白宫官网声明网页截图\n \n \n
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\n \n \n US President Donald Trump signed an Executive Order continuing the suspension of heightened tariffs on China.\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 国务院关税税则委员会最新公告\n \n \n \n

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\n \n 国务院关税税则委员会12日发布公告称，为落实中美经贸会谈共识，根据《中华人民共和国关税法》《中华人民共和国海关法》《中华人民共和国对外贸易法》等法律法规和国际法基本原则，经国务院批准，自2025年8月12日12时01分起，调整《国务院关税税则委员会关于对原产于美国的进口商品加征关税的公告》（税委会公告2025年第4号）规定的加征关税措施，在90天内继续暂停实施24%的对美加征关税税率，保留10%的对美加征关税税率。\n \n

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\n
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\n \n \n 图\n \n \n \n \n 源：\n \n \n \n \n 财政部网站截图\n \n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 本次中美继续暂停实施部分双边加征关税，是进一步落实两国元首6月5日通话重要共识的举措，有利于实现双方各自的发展目标，有利于促进世界经济的发展与稳定。\n \n

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\n \n
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\n \n \n China will continue to suspend 24 percentage points of additional duty rate on imports from the United States within 90 days starting from 12:01 pm Tuesday, while retaining the remaining additional tariffs of 10 percent on those articles, according to an announcement from the Customs Tariff Commission of the State Council.\n \n \n

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\n

\n \n \n \n 商务部新闻发言人答记者问\n \n \n \n

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\n

\n \n \n 问：中美斯德哥尔摩经贸会谈联合声明提到中方将采取或者维持必要措施，暂停或取消针对美国的非关税反制措施。请问在不可靠实体清单方面有什么考虑？\n \n \n

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\n \n 答： 根据《中华人民共和国反外国制裁法》《不可靠实体清单规定》及有关规定，不可靠实体清单工作机制于2025年4月4日和9日，将17家美国实体列入不可靠实体清单，禁止上述企业从事与中国有关的进出口活动，以及在中国境内新增投资。为落实中美经贸高层会谈共识，自2025年8月12日起，继续暂停4月4日公告（不可靠实体清单工作机制〔2025〕7号）相关措施90天，停止4月9日公告（不可靠实体清单工作机制〔2025〕8号）相关措施。根据《不可靠实体清单规定》相关规定，国内企业可申请与上述实体进行交易，不可靠实体清单工作机制将依法进行审核，对符合条件的申请予以批准。\n \n

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\n \n \n China's commerce ministry announced Tuesday that the country has continued to suspend or removed related unreliable entity list measures on certain US entities from Tuesday.\n \n \n

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\n \n
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\n

\n \n \n 问：我们注意到，中美斯德哥尔摩经贸会谈联合声明提到中方将采取或者维持必要措施，暂停或取消针对美国的非关税反制措施。请问在出口管制管控名单方面有何考虑？\n \n \n

\n

\n \n
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\n \n 答：根据出口管制相关法律法规规定，商务部于2025年4月4日和9日分别发布了第21号和22号公告，将28家美国实体列入出口管制管控名单，禁止向其出口两用物项。为落实中美经贸高层会谈共识，决定自2025年8月12日起，对于2025年4月4日被列入出口管制管控名单的16家美国实体，继续暂停上述相关措施90天；对于2025年4月9日被列入出口管制管控名单的12家美国实体，停止执行相关措施。出口经营者如需向上述实体出口两用物项，应当根据《中华人民共和国两用物项出口管制条例》相关规定向商务部提出申请；商务部将依法依规进行审查，符合规定的将准予许可。\n \n

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\n \n \n China's commerce ministry announced Tuesday that it has continued to suspend or removed export-control measures on some US entities from Tuesday, in line with the consensus reached during the high-level China-US economic and trade meeting in Stockholm.\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 综合来源：新华社\n \n \n \n \n 商务部新闻办公室 央视新闻\n \n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/jF0C-fm1onTpkF-0usaPzw", + "creator": "21世纪英文报", + "pubDate": "Tue, 12 Aug 2025 12:33:01 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/KZZ7pejfWplj1ELvBrar3Zrdtc65DnbiavYBcuM8dq1AzS4srsyoNXiafMd7TW9NSMpMWjquKye0iaPYRswAGtDoQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/KZZ7pejfWplj1ELvBrar3Zrdtc65DnbiavYBcuM8dq1AzS4srsyoNXiafMd7TW9NSMpMWjquKye0iaPYRswAGtDoQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247848486_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "21世纪双语", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "d80f795951a003b3005094e6706423ce", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "跑酷、无人机竞速、潜水、轮滑……原来世运会这么好玩！", "description": "跑酷、无人机竞速、潜水、轮滑……原来世运会这么好玩！", @@ -9887,6 +9755,28 @@ "hash": "e36cd831fabf77309a446e5796c097ca", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "宠物犬→疗愈师：跨越物种的善意与守护", + "description": "宠物犬→疗愈师：跨越物种的善意与守护", + "content": "None", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/NL4ILRjdHkylEo_1T9etwA", + "creator": "21世纪英文报", + "pubDate": "Thu, 07 Aug 2025 16:41:36 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/KZZ7pejfWpkYqU9rJAvN2HCdEVMOcvMRgN8bK5wdOOJT4HsibtPMORSPhHpJww74hcmWHRYjTbibb0KNDkibm21UA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/KZZ7pejfWpkYqU9rJAvN2HCdEVMOcvMRgN8bK5wdOOJT4HsibtPMORSPhHpJww74hcmWHRYjTbibb0KNDkibm21UA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247848336_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "21世纪双语", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "549a727226bdec51edfc1c1c27c061d8", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "监控拍下动物蹦床视频疯传，播放量破亿！然而有人发现不对劲……", "description": "监控拍下动物蹦床视频疯传，播放量破亿！然而有人发现不对劲……", @@ -9909,6 +9799,28 @@ "hash": "d0fa580ecce5cc14ce18f6fcaf34cc52", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "8.6分！这次西游的主角不是齐天大圣，而是无名的小妖怪", + "description": "8.6分！这次西游的主角不是齐天大圣，而是无名的小妖怪", + "content": "
\n

\n \n “唐僧师徒能去，\n \n

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\n \n 我们为什么不能去？”\n \n

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\n \n 时隔两年半，\n \n

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\n \n 浪浪山的小猪妖又与我们见面了！\n \n

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\n \n \n 图源：微博@浪浪山小妖怪视频截图\n \n \n

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\n \n 两年前，动画短片集《中国奇谭》的首部短片《小妖怪的夏天》一经推出便惊艳四座，单集即突破1亿播放，获得大量好评。\n \n

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\n \n 两年过去，浪浪山的故事还在延续。8月2日，作为《中国奇谭》系列首部动画电影，\n \n 《浪浪山小妖怪》正式上映\n \n 。\n \n

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\n \n \n Nobody\n \n \n , the first feature-length film adapted from the hit animated series\n \n \n Yao\n \n \n \n \n \n —\n \n \n \n \n \n Chinese Folktales\n \n \n , set to premiere in Chinese theaters on Saturday.\n \n \n

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\n \n 影片由《小妖怪的夏天》原班主创打造，这一次小猪妖勇敢迈出了浪浪山，和蛤蟆精、黄鼠狼精、猩猩怪三只同样无名的小妖组成\n \n “草根取经团”，假扮唐僧师徒，踏上了一段荒诞又热血的西行冒险\n \n 。\n \n

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\n \n \n 图源：微博@浪浪山小妖怪视频截图\n \n \n

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\n \n \n The film, a spin-off based of one of the eight stand-alone short stories from the\n \n \n Yao — Chinese Folktales\n \n \n anthology,\n \n \n Nobody\n \n \n follows the adventures of four grassroots monsters: a pig, a toad, a chimpanzee and a mink.\n \n \n

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\n \n \n Disguised as the Buddhist monk Xuanzang and his three disciples, they set out on a quest to obtain sacred Buddhist scrolls in hopes of achieving immortality. However, their quest soon takes an unexpected turn as they find themselves battling evil and saving innocent villagers.\n \n \n

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\n \n 截至8月6日中午12时，\n \n 票房累计突破2亿，豆瓣评分8.6分\n \n ，这个聚焦西游世界中无名小妖怪的故事，再一次击中观众内心。\n \n

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\n \n \n 图源：豆瓣截图\n \n \n

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\n \n \n “笔墨入镜”的中式美学\n \n \n

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\n \n 影片中，四只小妖西行路上，水墨氤氲的山川云气在银幕上舒展留白，工笔勾勒的精细角色在光影间跃然生动，\n \n 每一帧画面都是极具东方美学意蕴的流动画卷\n \n 。\n \n

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\n \n \n 图源：微博@浪浪山小妖怪视频截图\n \n \n

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\n \n 电影不仅延续了上海美术电影制片厂的美学风格，更为经典动画注入了当代活力。\n \n

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\n \n 据澎湃新闻报道，为了在大银幕上呈现这个植根于中国传统文化、又充满奇幻想象的“浪浪山”世界，\n \n 影片汇集了一支超600人的制作团队，精细制作超1800组镜头，打磨2000多张场景图\n \n 。\n \n

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\n \n \n The production took over two years and involved a team of more than 600 animators. It features over 1,800 animated shots and more than 2,000 background paintings, with an aesthetic inspired by traditional Chinese brushwork.\n \n \n

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\n \n 电影监制、艺术总监陈廖宇在接受潮新闻采访时曾表示：观众看了电影之后，可能会发现好像从头到尾都是绿色，因为场景大多是在山林之间这种自然环境，但\n \n 绿与绿之间是不一样的，变化非常多，有非常细腻的光影\n \n 。\n \n

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\n \n \n 图源：微博@浪浪山小妖怪视频截图\n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n “笔墨入镜”，是陈廖宇看来这部电影最大的特点之一\n \n ，也是主创团队努力追求的创新点。“不仅仅是用镜\n \n \n 头去表现国画的笔墨，而是反过来，用国画中的笔墨来构建电影的镜头语言。”\n \n \n 陈廖宇说。\n \n

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\n \n \n Chen Liaoyu, the film's executive producer and art director, shared that the visual style is rooted in traditional ink wash painting, enriched with vibrant colors, dynamic lighting, and a realistic sense of space to create a fantastical yet believable world for the audience.\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 在动作的设计上，创作者们追求“神韵”与“气韵”的表达\n \n 。小妖们在打斗或行走时，背景的山川云气会随着动作的“气”而流动；在受到重击或奔跑时，\n \n \n 水墨晕染和飞白效果被巧妙利用来表现动作的速度感和力量感……\n \n

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\n \n \n 图源：微博@浪浪山小妖怪视频截图\n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 影片的声音设计\n \n \n \n 也\n \n \n \n 充满巧思\n \n \n \n ，埙、洞箫、竹笛等\n \n 中国传统乐器与西洋乐器巧妙地融合\n \n 。\n \n

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\n \n 此外，不少观众发现，\n \n 电影里许多庙宇楼阁上都有山西古建筑的影子，\n \n \n \n 大同的华严寺、\n \n \n \n 太原的晋祠水镜台、浑源的永安\n \n \n \n \n 寺……\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 电影导演、编剧於水告诉央视新闻说，每次去采风看到这些古代建筑，就仿佛跨越时空，与那个时代的工匠对视，这种令人震撼的共鸣让他想要落泪，想让更多观众感受到这种美。\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 图源：微博@浪浪山小妖怪视频截图\n \n \n

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\n \n 而这些细节背后，是制作团队为平衡工业化生产与手绘风格所做的艰难探索。在三维动画盛行的时代，\n \n 《浪浪山小妖怪》坚持二维呈现\n \n 绝非保守。\n \n

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\n \n 陈廖宇说：“当我们刻画角色微妙神态时，二维手法带来的质感、笔触包含一种温度和情感，天然地与人亲近，就像生活中我们追求手工制作一样。表达小人物、生活化的故事，二维不是劣势，而会让人感到亲切。”\n \n

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\n \n 《猴子捞月》导演、中国著名动画人周克勤也在首映礼上盛赞：二维动画的艺术性和绘画性无可替代，它能更好地承载导演的美术追求，\n \n 中国动画不能没有二维形式\n \n 。\n \n

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\n \n \n 背景板小妖也能当主角\n \n \n

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\n \n 影片画面秉承着中国传统的水墨艺术，但故事却映照着当代普通人的现实。\n \n

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\n \n 如果说小时候我们看《西游记》，代入的是师徒四人，那么来到《浪浪山小妖怪》，\n \n \n 我们便进入了\n \n \n \n 没有主角光环、甚至连名字都没有的底层小妖怪的视角\n \n 。\n \n

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\n \n 恰如该片的英文片名“Nobody”（无名小辈），导演於水说，他曾想为小妖怪们取名字，但很快就放弃了这个念头。\n \n “我们的名字最终可能也不会有人记得，小妖怪们也是。”\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 图源：微博@浪浪山小妖怪视频截图\n \n \n

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\n \n 据陈廖宇和於水介绍，为了构建这个别样的“取经”故事，他们瞄准了小野猪、蛤蟆、猩猩、黄鼠狼这些“最草根”的动物，并赋予了这4个小妖怪完全不同的性格。\n \n

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\n \n 观众既可以把它理解为一个人身上的不同特质，也可以理解为不同人身上的一个侧影。比如，可能有人说自己就像黄鼠狼精，刚毕业的时候很活跃，工作两年之后也变得不爱说话了。\n \n

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\n \n \n The film appeals to young urban audiences by depicting workplace challenges. The characters face obstacles and misunderstandings while representing the experiences of ordinary urban employees and their efforts to maintain personal values and goals.\n \n \n

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\n \n 这种对小人物的刻画引发了观众的强烈共鸣，许多观众都在这部动画中看到了自己的影子。如总制片人李早所说，这些主角以外小妖怪的生活，从未被详细书写过，“这些小妖怪更像你我他”。\n \n

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\n \n \n 无名之辈同样闪闪发光\n \n \n

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\n \n 而电影不能仅仅停留在共鸣上，陈廖宇认为，\n \n 电影中的角色要代替观众完成某种精神上的目标\n \n 。比如说我们心中曾经掠过那么一丝勇气，但\n \n 在现实中又很难真正去贯彻和落实，但小妖怪替自己做到了\n \n ，我们会由衷感谢这份决心和勇气。\n \n

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\n \n 小妖怪们没有成为孙悟空，却也能斩妖除魔，他们不是西游故事里的主角，也可以去做想做的事。\n \n

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\n \n \n 图源：视觉中国\n \n \n

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\n \n 主创团队陈廖宇、於水认为，\n \n 每个人都有将自己困住的浪浪山\n \n 。“我们太多时候被自己所束缚，但其实有些事情完全可以去做。人生这么短，去尝试，去做吧！”\n \n

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\n \n 即使没有一个筋斗十万八千里的本领，那踉跄几里地也值得被歌颂。\n \n “我们未必都能达成最初的目标，但在奔向目标的路上，希望每个人都能活成自己喜欢的样子。”\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 图源：微博@浪浪山小妖怪视频截图\n \n \n

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\n \n \n “活出自己喜欢的模样，\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 籍籍无名也有光。”\n \n \n

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\n \n \n “敬每一个勇敢出发的自己！”\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 来源：澎湃新闻 潮新闻 央视新闻 新民晚报 中国网 CHINADAILY\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 编辑：严雨晴\n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/kysC5wSYwZMu8f9QuZt1kA", + "creator": "21世纪英文报", + "pubDate": "Wed, 06 Aug 2025 15:36:39 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/KZZ7pejfWpnkNN4vtFghHPzVUgTJgq3NPGChmzG3xTElJBMy3licYlO8tHxyQSB8LF3LGN1YSMEoggVENAKcwYQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/KZZ7pejfWpnkNN4vtFghHPzVUgTJgq3NPGChmzG3xTElJBMy3licYlO8tHxyQSB8LF3LGN1YSMEoggVENAKcwYQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247848292_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "21世纪双语", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "1bfa4ca87ca2fd5741e52844251ab493", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "收官：写给未来的成长手记", "description": "收官：写给未来的成长手记", @@ -9931,6 +9843,28 @@ "hash": "0352e258f90ad0d222d7757875a0da11", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "小朋友在高铁上一秒静音！原来是00后列车员想出来的妙招……", + "description": "小朋友在高铁上一秒静音！原来是00后列车员想出来的妙招……", + "content": "
\n

\n \n 暑期出行高峰\n \n

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\n \n 如何才能让小朋友们安静乘坐高铁？\n \n

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\n \n 近日，一位00后列车员的操作，\n \n

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\n \n 让网友直呼：天才！\n \n

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\n \n \"图片\"\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 图源：南宁铁路视频截图\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n “朴素的袋子里装着天才招数”\n \n \n \n

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\n \n 据中国铁路公众号消息，暑运以来，在南宁东开往杭州西的G1546次列车上，00后列车员覃云昊每次出乘都会拎上一个塑料袋。\n \n

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\n \n 这个“神秘塑料袋”里，装着上百份不同年级的小学试卷。\n \n 若有孩子吵闹，覃云昊就会上前“奖励”一张试卷。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n On the G1546 train from Nanning East to Hangzhou West, a post-00s train attendant Qin Yunhao carries a plastic bag with him every time he works during the busy summer travel season, according to China Railway's official social media account.\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n This \"mysterious plastic bag\" contains a stack of primary school exam papers for various grades. If children are being noisy, Qin approaches them and \"rewards\" them with a test paper.\n \n \n \n

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\n \n 在他的袋子里，还有一些孩子们喜欢的漂亮贴纸。\n \n 完成试卷的小朋友得一张，安静乘车的小朋友也能直接得一张。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 覃云昊给孩子们分发贴纸。\n \n \n \n \n 图源：南宁铁路视频截图\n \n \n
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\n \n \n The bag also holds colorful stickers kids love—those who finish the test or behave quietly during the trip get one as a prize.\n \n \n

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\n \n 覃云昊在高铁上发试卷的场景被乘客拍下来发到网上，很快便引发热议。话题\n \n #小朋友高铁上被发试卷一秒静音#\n \n 、\n \n #00后列车员拎着塑料袋发试卷#\n \n 登上热搜。\n \n

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\n \n \n 覃云昊的这个做法得到许多家长点赞，认为这不仅让孩子们瞬间安静，更将高铁车厢变成“移动课堂”。“家长很高兴，都能接受。”覃云昊说。\n \n \n
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\n \n 网友们也纷纷表示：“天才列车员”、“建议全国推广”，还有网友称他是“高铁在编班主任”。\n \n

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\n \n \n \n \n 让娃安静乘车，\n \n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n \n 列车员们还有这些“魔法创新”\n \n \n \n \n

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\n \n 据中国铁路公众号文章，今年暑运，覃云昊值乘的这次列车客流火爆，尤其受研学团、亲子旅游团欢迎，学生旅客有时能占车厢定员半数。\n \n

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\n \n 如何让孩子们在车厢保持安静，是车队经常讨论的话题。\n \n

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\n \n \n This summer, Qin's train has been especially crowded, popular with study tour groups and families. At times, student passengers make up half the carriage. Keeping children calm is a frequent topic discussed among the crew.\n \n \n

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\n \n 覃云昊说：“我看到一些家长会带着小朋友的暑假作业乘车，\n \n 既能打发旅途时间，又能让孩子安静下来，一举两得\n \n 。我就想着，可以去打印一些简单试卷给那些没有带作业的家长。”\n \n

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\n \n \n \"I noticed some parents bring their kids' summer homework on board, which keeps them busy and quiet,\" Qin said. \"So I thought, why not print simple exam papers for parents who didn't bring any?\"\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 覃云昊给孩子们分发贴纸。\n \n \n \n \n 图源：南宁铁路视频截图\n \n \n
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\n \n 此外，覃云昊介绍说\n \n 不少同事都有让孩子安静的妙招\n \n ，例如奖励绘图书本、贴贴纸，提供一些提高专注力的小玩具。有的列车长晒出了儿童百宝箱；还有一些列车在餐车设置“移动童趣吧”，供小旅客们玩耍、游戏。\n \n

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\n \n 覃云昊也建议\n \n 家长们可以在出行前下载孩子们喜欢的动画片、电影，带一些玩具和绘本\n \n ，丰富孩子的旅途体验。\n \n

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\n \n \n He added that many of his colleagues have their own tricks, like giving out coloring books, stickers, or small toys that help improve concentration. Some trains even set up \"mobile play zones\" in dining cars for young travelers.\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n Qin advises parents to prepare cartoons, movies, toys, or picture books to make trips more enjoyable.\n \n \n \n

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\n \n 央广网看丹观察认为：很多时候，维护公共场合的秩序不能仅依赖“硬约束”，而是需要更多这样的“魔法创新”。\n \n

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\n \n \n 对此，你怎么看？\n \n 评论区聊聊~\n \n

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\n \n \n 来源：中国铁路 央广网\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 编辑：严雨晴\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 推荐视频\n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/rzM3_4bfX7FDYNYOQr2O4A", + "creator": "21世纪英文报", + "pubDate": "Tue, 05 Aug 2025 13:11:40 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/KZZ7pejfWpkYqU9rJAvN2HCdEVMOcvMRPKgOstofxM4Ilyng1COCjW87Fb3xhpQTlzBkjBSVq9bHTYq9Y349rw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/KZZ7pejfWpkYqU9rJAvN2HCdEVMOcvMRPKgOstofxM4Ilyng1COCjW87Fb3xhpQTlzBkjBSVq9bHTYq9Y349rw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247848203_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "21世纪双语", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "482a37dbbb91bb74df5784061dfd9d77", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "《731》定档！这段惨绝人寰的历史，不能忘……", "description": "《731》定档！这段惨绝人寰的历史，不能忘……", @@ -9953,6 +9887,28 @@ "hash": "03d4b6bad89c7545032291fa1732cb4e", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "经纬交织时丨山河映证，少年自成光", + "description": "探华夏文脉，筑领袖之志", + "content": "
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\n \n \n \n 山河映证\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 少年自成光\n \n \n \n

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\n \n 北京“未来领袖”研学营\n \n

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\n \n “自强不息，厚德载物”的箴言仍在回响，\n \n \n \n 北京“未来领袖”研学营\n \n \n \n 已迎来气韵恢弘的第四日。从晨曦中的国家象征，到夜幕下的思想交锋，这一天，少年们以脚步丈量历史经纬，用智慧点亮未来星图。\n \n \n \n 中报研学\n \n \n \n 全程陪伴，在这承前启后的关键一日，见证山河气度如何内化为少年襟怀，思想火花如何淬炼为成长荣光。\n \n

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\n \n \n 【昼·山河行】\n \n \n

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\n \n 在历史坐标中锚定心之所向\n \n

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\n \n \n ○\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 天安门晨曦\n \n \n

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\n \n 当第一缕阳光镀亮巍峨城楼与肃穆丰碑，少年们静立广场，聆听浮雕诉说“虎门销烟”到“渡江战役”的壮阔史诗。爱国情操的具象化，始于对英雄足迹的深情凝望。这一刻，家国情怀在晨光中扎根。\n \n

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\n \n \n ○\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 紫禁深韵\n \n \n

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\n \n 穿越朱门金瓦，太和殿的礼制威严、珍宝馆的匠心璀璨，六百载风云在飞檐瑞兽间流转。触摸历史肌理，方能读懂文明传承的厚重与当代使命的召唤。古典故宫与庄严大会堂的时空对话，正是少年胸怀的绝佳隐喻。\n \n

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\n \n \n ○\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 清华寻梦\n \n \n

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\n \n 午后踏入红砖学府，二校门下，“清华园”三字承载无数学子向往。漫步校园，百年栋梁的故事在砖瓦间低语。校史馆内，“行胜于言”校风与“严谨、勤奋、求实、创新”学风，持续指引师生立身治学。我们坚信，名校土壤的浸润，是理想拔节最深厚的滋养。梦想的种子，于此悄然深植。\n \n

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\n \n \n 【夜· 星芒绽】\n \n \n

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\n \n 以思想为刃，刻写成长勋章\n \n

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\n \n 报告厅华灯初上，研学重头戏——“学生研究性课题结题”隆重启幕。爱学堂CEO、北京大学和香港大学工商管理学博士汪建宏，清华大学人文学院人文教育发展研究中心副主任王君，慕华成志教育科技集团副总裁杨帮然，清华大学人文学院人文教育发展研究中心理事会副秘书长唐珣等重量级评委齐聚，星光熠熠。灯光下，同学们眼中闪烁着期待与紧张——经过四天的观察、思考与协作，他们的研究成果即将接受检验。\n \n

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\n \n \n 01\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 课题锋芒\n \n \n

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\n \n 王君老师以“为中华之崛起而读书”点题，激励少年将小我融入大潮。灯光下，13组学子自信登台，四天观察、协作、思考在此凝练绽放。逻辑清晰，表达从容，思想火花激烈碰撞。中报研学欣慰见证，这正是未来担当者所需的思辨力与表达力的生动写照。掌声，是献给智慧与勇气的勋章。\n \n

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\n \n \n 02\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 智勇者章\n \n \n

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\n \n 课题结业证书、研学结业证书相继颁发，纸张承载汗水与蜕变。印有清华印记的明信片、文具以及定制的足球和篮球奖品，不仅嘉许卓越，更是梦想学府的温情回响。我们相信，每一份认可，都是照亮前行路的星火。\n \n

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\n \n \n 03\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 智者寄语\n \n \n

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\n \n 汪建宏博士盛赞少年表现，更寄语智能时代箴言：守护独立思考本心，锻造创新能力。他强调时代责任，鼓励以研学为起点，让学习持续焕发活力，成长为面向未来的栋梁。\n \n \n \n 中报研学\n \n \n \n 深以为然，领袖之资，根植于清醒的头脑与不竭的创造力。\n \n

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\n \n \n 中报研学 · 心语：\n \n \n

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\n \n 今日，是山河气度与思想光芒交相辉映的一天！\n \n

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\n \n 在中报研学连通的壮阔时空里：\n \n

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\n \n ☑ 我们行走于天安门、故宫、清华园，让历史的深沉、文明的瑰丽、学府的荣光，铸就少年精神的经纬坐标；\n \n

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\n \n ☑ 我们搭建起课题思辨的巅峰舞台，见证逻辑的锋芒、协作的力量、表达的自信，闪耀成独属的成长星芒；\n \n

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\n \n ☑ 我们传递智者深远的寄语，将独立之思、创新之魂、时代之责，融入前行的心间灯塔。\n \n

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\n \n 结营非终章，而是新篇序曲。愿少年们怀揣天安门的誓言、清华园的憧憬、课题汇报的锐气，在各自的人生疆域——心向璀璨，自成光芒！中报研学有幸同行此程，静待未来星汉灿烂！\n \n

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\n \n \n 拥抱研学新时代，与中报研学共成长！\n \n \n

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\n \n 关注“中报研学”公众号，\n \n

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\n \n 获取最新政策解读与精品研学项目！\n \n

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\n \n 本文为广告\n \n
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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/mBPAt3Svq_0025I0nXNNvQ", + "creator": "21世纪英文报", + "pubDate": "Sat, 02 Aug 2025 12:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/KZZ7pejfWpns4LhR97eZqWl8GBdsSJ1oC0tpKhjGbhmDqJzU7VtsicZAOS1QAeibHu53cxLUUudRGSicpaNIHuxxg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/KZZ7pejfWpns4LhR97eZqWl8GBdsSJ1oC0tpKhjGbhmDqJzU7VtsicZAOS1QAeibHu53cxLUUudRGSicpaNIHuxxg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247848152_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "21世纪双语", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "19b36637db85709c7c224d7f1bb6bd4c", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "95后硕士摆摊卖“酷炫烧饼”火了？网友：当学历遇上创意", "description": "95后硕士摆摊卖“酷炫烧饼”火了？网友：当学历遇上创意", @@ -9975,6 +9931,28 @@ "hash": "a0f9b7537f5151dd3f503129171dc2f2", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "4金3银！“中国风”花游惊艳世锦赛，她们说：是五千年文化给的底气！", + "description": "4金3银！“中国风”花游惊艳世锦赛，她们说：是五千年文化给的底气！", + "content": "
\n

\n \n 在《黑神话·悟空》的背景音乐中\n \n

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\n \n 她们头戴金箍\n \n

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\n \n 化身“天命人”\n \n

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\n \n \n 图源：Instagram@world_aquatics\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 《秦俑魂》的前奏响起\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 她们身着黑金配色、印着秦俑纹样的泳衣\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 入水刹那如兵马俑阵列破土而出\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 图源：Instagram@world_aquatics\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 在\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 2025年世界游泳锦标赛中\n \n \n \n \n ，\n \n \n \n \n 中国花游队凭借《秦俑魂》《悟空》等极具国风特色的作品，在11个单项上斩获4金3银，高居花游金牌榜首位。\n \n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n \n 集体项目中，中国队包揽了全部三枚金牌。\n \n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 7月25日，中国队在颁奖仪式后合影。新华社记者 伍志尊 摄\n \n \n
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\n \n \n \n With a performance inspired by the Terracotta Warriors, the Chinese artistic swimming team concluded their World\n \n \n \n \n Aquatics\n \n \n \n \n Championships campaign in Singapore on July 25, as they secured a gold in the team acrobatic event, bringing their total medal tally to four golds and three silvers in the tournament with gold medals in all three team events.\n \n \n \n

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\n \n 从“天命人”到“秦俑”，中华文化和“国风美学”再度惊艳世界，国内外网友们纷纷点赞。\n \n

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\n \n 太惊艳了。\n \n

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\n \n 简直不敢相信眼前的一切，太震撼了。\n \n

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\n \n 这个赛季中国队表现得特别出色。\n \n

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\n \n 近年来，将中国风融入表演已成为中国国家花样游泳队的新尝试。\n \n

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\n \n 本届游泳世锦赛中，中国队在比赛中延续了这一大特点，从《悟空》到《秦俑魂》，节目编排都获得了裁判认可。\n \n

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\n \n 22日晚，花游集体技术自选决赛，中国队沿用了世界杯总决赛时的“悟空”主题。比赛中，\n \n 姑娘们头戴金箍，化身“天命人”，伴随着《黑神话·悟空》的配乐，在水中翩翩起舞\n \n 。最终，中国队凭借近乎完美的表现，战胜了来自俄罗斯的中立运动员代表队和西班牙队，夺得冠军。\n \n

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\n \n \n \n 7月22日，中国队在比赛中。新华社发（邓智炜摄）\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n Wearing golden headbands symbolizing the legendary Monkey King, China's artistic swimmers brought the myth to life in a powerful Wukong-inspired routine to win gold in the team technical event at the 2025 World Aquatics Championships last Tuesday. Their performance, based on the popular Chinese video game\n \n Black Myth: Wukong\n \n , earned China 307.8001 points.\n \n \n \n

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\n \n 25日晚，花游项目收官战集体技巧自选决赛中，\n \n 中国队则沿用了此前在世界杯总决赛上夺冠的新节目《秦俑魂》，在水中展现出铁血与柔情的双面魅力\n \n ，用一场胜利为本次世锦赛画上了圆满的句号。该节目以兵马俑为灵感，首秀便获得一致认可，多位裁判给节目打出满分10分。\n \n

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\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n
\n \n \n 7月25日，中国队在比赛中。新华社记者 夏一方 摄\n \n \n
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\n \n \n \n Performing a routine titled \"Soul of the Terracotta Army\", the Chinese squad topped the preliminary round and carried that momentum into the team acrobatic final on Friday, where they scored 229.0186 points to secure the gold.\n \n \n \n

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\n \n 此外，在个人项目中，中国选手徐汇妍19日\n \n 以《相思》为主题，以影视剧《长歌行》原声音乐《忘相思》为表演曲目\n \n ，凭借极具感染力的艺术表现和娴熟的技巧，在女子单人技术自选决赛中摘金，这也是中国队首次在世锦赛上获得该项目金牌。\n \n

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\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 7月19日，中国选手徐汇妍在比赛中。新华社记者 夏一方 摄\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 据新华社报道，中国队主教练张晓欢表示，能在国际赛场上传播中国的文化，她们感到特别骄傲。\n \n \n \n “一定不会放过在特殊的舞台来宣传我们中国的文化，我们觉得这是一件特别值得骄傲的事情。”\n \n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n \n “演绎中国风作品时，五千年文化底蕴就是我们的底气。”\n \n \n \n 据新华社、中国日报报道，巴黎奥运会花样游泳双金得主王芊懿28日在接受采访时表示，“我觉得我们的文化是被世界认可的。那我们能够用我们的自身去把它表现出来，去展现给世界，我觉得我们也是自信的。”\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 图源：中国日报香港版视频\n \n \n

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\n \n 展望2028年洛杉矶奥运会，张晓欢说：“我觉得各支队伍都在进步，进步速度太快了，所以中国队必须要在压力之下寻求突破，还要创编更优秀的作品。”\n \n

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\n

\n \n “悟空”“秦俑”之后，\n \n 你还期待中国花游再呈现什么样的“中国风”呢\n \n ？\n \n

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\n \n \n 来源：新华社 中国日报香港版\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 编辑：严雨晴\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 推荐视频\n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/QUeE5qOVX6p0KPIUa3uXZQ", + "creator": "21世纪英文报", + "pubDate": "Wed, 30 Jul 2025 14:15:10 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/KZZ7pejfWplFm2njejbXY7ZzjXfduFetqgQITpvbjdDibHKyVn32MiaAMuhzz6eMibrFxZoKz6fzN8xpicojGzicbvw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/KZZ7pejfWplFm2njejbXY7ZzjXfduFetqgQITpvbjdDibHKyVn32MiaAMuhzz6eMibrFxZoKz6fzN8xpicojGzicbvw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247848050_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "21世纪双语", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "7c3cc0edc20bc68fe22fa5df60735c50", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "埃文·凯尔说《南京照相馆》让他这个“外人”都能感同身受", "description": "埃文·凯尔说《南京照相馆》让他这个“外人”都能感同身受", @@ -9997,6 +9975,28 @@ "hash": "e1b017504e46a9e16520d7a86985de36", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "21优选｜英语原来这么好玩？快跟小屁孩一起笑着学英语！", + "description": "21优选｜英语原来这么好玩？快跟小屁孩一起笑着学英语！", + "content": "
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\n \n \n \n 速戳下方链接购买↓\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 本文为广告\n \n \n
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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/MYdSYNDMz82tQAFZ1DEzbA", + "creator": "21世纪英文报", + "pubDate": "Thu, 24 Jul 2025 12:54:03 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/KZZ7pejfWplExIt7oa10uq75MDa2Lzswy3kXNSIjoBqBWpBg2PypZw8lngusnykIEPStzZHLf1ROpxXGN1BUrQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/KZZ7pejfWplExIt7oa10uq75MDa2Lzswy3kXNSIjoBqBWpBg2PypZw8lngusnykIEPStzZHLf1ROpxXGN1BUrQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247847876_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "21世纪双语", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "3679918f04f3269dd3ba01dfd592eeac", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "美国，又“退群”了。", "description": "美国，又“退群”了。", @@ -10019,6 +10019,28 @@ "hash": "3ee56dcfbb888ca1f9c42f0c81f8086f", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "创造历史！机器人“国足”，世界杯夺冠", + "description": "创造历史！机器人“国足”，世界杯夺冠", + "content": "
\n
\n \n 当“清华火神队”的机器人\n \n
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\n \n 稳稳射入最后一球\n \n

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\n \n 决赛的比分定格在5:2\n \n

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\n \n 中国队首次捧起了“大力神杯”\n \n

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\n \n \n 据央视新闻报道，北京时间7月20日22时45分，2025RoboCup巴西机器人足球世界杯，人形组比赛\n \n \n 落下帷幕。\n \n 成人组清华火神队和其使用的国产加速进化T1机器人创造历史，代表中国战队夺得冠军奖杯\n \n 。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n \n The finals of the 2025 RoboCup Humanoid League\n \n \n \n \n concluded on Sunday in Brazil, with Tsinghu\n \n \n \n \n \n \n a U\n \n \n \n \n niversity's Hephaestus team beating China Agricultural University's Mountain Sea tea\n \n \n \n \n m 5:3 to clinch the title.\n \n \n
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\n \n 这是自RoboCup开赛28年以来，\n \n 中国战队首次在含金量最高的人形组摘金\n \n 。\n \n

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\n \n \n China has made history by winning the gold for the first time in the 28-year history of the tournament's Humanoid AdultSize Soccer Competition.\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 据中国新闻网此前报道，本届\n \n \n \n 比赛分为成人组和小型组，\n \n \n \n 采用“AI赛”，即\n \n 机器人根据事先写好的AI策略，在场上自主决策、灵活应赛\n \n 。\n \n \n

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\n \n 自小组赛开赛以来，中国战队就表现亮眼，近乎以压倒性的优势横扫全球传统强队。\n \n

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\n \n 其中，清华火神队使用加速进化T1机器人，以16:0、9:0、12:0的大比分多次“零封”对手，顺利打入成人组机器人决赛，最终在决赛中以5:2战胜了同样来自中国的农大山海队，捧起中国首座“大力神杯”。\n \n

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\n \n \n Chinese teams showed dominant form from the group stage onward. Hephaestus, powered by the domestically developed T1 humanoid robots, overwhelmed opponents with multiple clean-sheet victories, including 16:0, 9:0, and 12:0 triumphs over UT Austin Villa from the United States.\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 本届赛\n \n \n 事的另一大亮点出现在小组赛阶段，清华火神队机器人打进了赛事的“最佳进球”——一\n \n \n 粒精彩的“头球”得分。这个进球也被网友们称为\n \n 机器人界的“范佩西鱼跃冲顶”\n \n 。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n One highlight of the tournament came during the group stage, when a Hephaestus robot scored the tournament's \"best goal\"\n \n \n \n \n \n .\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n In a moment reminiscent of Dutch footballer Robin van Persie's iconic diving header, the robot read the ball's trajectory at the goalmouth and launched forward to head the ball into the net. The dramatic goal was dubbed the \"robot Van Persie dive.\"\n \n \n \n

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\n \n 在小型组机器人比赛中，中国队获得亚军。虽然决赛中清华TH-MOS遗憾负于对手德国Boosted HTWK队，但\n \n 两支队伍都使用了来自中国具身智能机器人公司“加速进化”的K1机器人，国产机器人有幸加冕“冠军”机器人\n \n 。\n \n

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\n \n \n Other Chinese teams also delivered impressive results, with Tsinghua's TH-MOS team taking second place in the KidSize category. In the KidSize soccer competition final, both the German champions Boosted HTWK and China's TH-MOS team relied on the K1 robot.\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 此次比赛，“加速进化\n \n \n ”的T1、K1机器人不仅成为几支中国顶尖队伍的官方“用机”，也得到了来自美国、德国等国外强队的青睐。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 值得一提的是，\n \n \n \n \n 成人组和小型组晋级决赛的队伍所使用的机器人，全部来自加速进化，\n \n \n \n 这代表着\n \n \n \n \n 中国硬件平台凭借优异的性能和友好易用的开发工具，首次成为国际顶级赛事的“\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 通用装备\n \n \n \n \n \n \n ”、成为全球竞技舞台的核心力量\n \n \n \n 。\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n Notably, both Chinese and international teams, including those from Germany and the US, chose to use China-made humanoid robots such as the T1 and K1, underscoring the growing global influence of Chinese robotics.\n \n \n \n

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\n \n RoboCup机器人足球世界杯，首届比赛始于1997年，是当前国际上极具影响力的机器人赛事，其中人形组赛事（RoboCup humanoid）在所有比赛项目中受关注度最高。\n \n

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\n \n \n \n Founded in 1997, RoboCup is the world's leading robotics competition, known for its scale, prestige, and technological rigor. Among its many leagues, the Humanoid category attracts the most attention.\n \n \n \n

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\n \n RoboCup此前曾提出，他们的终极目标是：2050年，\n \n 一支完全自主的人形机器人足球队\n \n ，在符合国际足联官方规则的足球比赛中，\n \n 击败最近一届人类世界杯的冠军\n \n 。\n \n

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\n \n
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\n

\n \n \n \n \n The ultimate goal of the RoboCup Initiative is stated as,\"By the middle of the 21st century, a team of fully autonomous humanoid robot soccer players shall win a soccer game, complying with the official rules of FIFA, against the winner of the most recent World Cup,\"\n \n \n according to its official website.\n \n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 图源：\n \n \n RoboCup官网截图\n \n \n

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\n

\n \n 据环球时报报道，参加此次比赛的几支球队也有望参加即将于\n \n 8月在北京举行的首届世界人形机器人运动会\n \n ，届时将推出全球首场5v5机器人足球赛。\n \n

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\n \n
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\n

\n \n \n \n Several of the teams that participated in RoboCup 2025 are also expected to compete at the upcoming first World Humanoid Sports Games to be held in August in Beijing, where the world's first 5v5 AI robotic soccer will be introduced.\n \n \n \n

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\n \n
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\n
\n \n \n 来源：央视新闻 环球时报 北京青年报 中国新闻网 RoboCup官网\n \n \n
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\n \n \n \n 编辑：严雨晴\n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 推荐视频\n \n \n

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\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/zGzz8unKsEOztMikWM2XBA", + "creator": "21世纪英文报", + "pubDate": "Tue, 22 Jul 2025 14:24:31 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/KZZ7pejfWplDEPqxPGg4v4NbnCPHhT0r7FoQvLR7CycEfBam55egEPwLyJ1ALYzLuAO4ra5rpYib6IWCDURwwLg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/KZZ7pejfWplDEPqxPGg4v4NbnCPHhT0r7FoQvLR7CycEfBam55egEPwLyJ1ALYzLuAO4ra5rpYib6IWCDURwwLg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247847834_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "21世纪双语", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "2ad9a9421d6e990c0ccc80ef560c8fc7", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "关于幼儿园幼儿血铅异常问题，甘肃省最新通报！", "description": "关于幼儿园幼儿血铅异常问题，甘肃省最新通报！", @@ -10041,6 +10063,28 @@ "hash": "25a08899c45547f3402ad6df74ca6f78", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "国乒混双天花板！为什么越来越多人喜欢“莎头”组合？", + "description": "国乒混双天花板！为什么越来越多人喜欢“莎头”组合？", + "content": "None", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/Ymr6lAD_JUAf5JotxA7Aaw", + "creator": "21世纪英文报", + "pubDate": "Sun, 20 Jul 2025 12:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/KZZ7pejfWpmQC71WWUkdOchKb52zPdbVofrAL6ibibVcaA0bxfibvkuw54IylXntRWv6dc16Ngy1wxcurejCibAOow/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/KZZ7pejfWpmQC71WWUkdOchKb52zPdbVofrAL6ibibVcaA0bxfibvkuw54IylXntRWv6dc16Ngy1wxcurejCibAOow/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247847761_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "21世纪双语", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "9922d11544d18314617badf330211ae0", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "用AI写作业却总被坑惨？第一批“整顿AI”的孩子出现了……", "description": "用AI写作业却总被坑惨？第一批“整顿AI”的孩子出现了……", @@ -10063,6 +10107,28 @@ "hash": "1374bbfa5804339f6361db489f580caf", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "海外播放百万！中国大学原创舞蹈火出圈，外国网友直呼惊艳", + "description": "海外播放百万！中国大学原创舞蹈火出圈，外国网友直呼惊艳", + "content": "
\n

\n \n 在坐落于郁郁葱葱的喻家山麓的\n \n

\n

\n \n 华中科技大学校园里，\n \n

\n

\n \n 青年学子舞姿灵动。\n \n

\n

\n \n 这支原创舞蹈，近日火到海外\n \n

\n

\n \n 外国网友看后点赞说：“Incredible”！\n \n

\n
\n \n \n
\n

\n \n \n 视频来源：华中科技大学\n \n \n

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\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 这支舞蹈名为《梦行云》\n \n （Dream-Weaving Clouds）\n \n ，是华中科技大学的原创音乐舞蹈。据“华中科技大学”公众号，\n \n 舞蹈作品\n \n \n 视频在海外社交媒体平台一经上线\n \n 便迅速“出圈”，\n \n 24小时内播放量即突破百万。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 图源：海外社交媒体平台Facebook、YouTube截图\n \n \n \n \n
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\n

\n \n 据校方介绍，《梦行云》由十余个学院学子倾情演绎，以扇舞演绎太虚幻境，勾勒出\n \n 中国风意境\n \n 的独特轮廓，收获了\n \n 海内外广大网友点赞↓↓↓\n \n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n “堪称壮美”\n \n

\n

\n \n “（美得）超乎想象”\n \n

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\n \n
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\n \n 观看视频欣赏美的同时\n \n

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\n \n 仔细品味英文字幕\n \n

\n

\n \n 这就又学到了“知识”\n \n

\n

\n \n 你注意到了吗？\n \n

\n

\n \n ↓↓↓\n \n

\n

\n \n 行云流水 翩若惊鸿\n \n

\n

\n \n “As clouds drift\n \n

\n

\n \n and waters flow”\n \n

\n

\n \n “They move with the\n \n

\n

\n \n grace of birds taking flight”\n \n

\n
\n \n
\n

\n \n 乐舞相生 文脉绵延\n \n

\n

\n \n “Music and movement in harmony”\n \n

\n

\n \n “A legacy of culture flows ever on”\n \n

\n
\n \n
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\n \n 长扇写意 云卷云舒\n \n

\n

\n \n “Long fans paint the air”\n \n

\n

\n \n “Like clouds rolling and unfurling”\n \n

\n
\n \n
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\n \n 悠然出岫 不系凡尘\n \n

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\n \n “Leisurely, they rise beyond the peaks”\n \n

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\n \n “Unbound by the dust of the world”\n \n

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\n

\n \n 参与《梦行云》演出的青年学子表示，\n \n 此次参演是一次无比珍贵的体验，\n \n “加入舞蹈团开启了我校园生活的另一面”“排练中不断挑战体能、精进动作的经历尤为难忘”“这既是一次\n \n 充满挑战\n \n 的\n \n 艺术探索\n \n 之旅，也是\n \n 突破自我\n \n 的勇敢尝试”。\n \n

\n

\n \n
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\n

\n \n \n 与此同时，学生们\n \n \n 也深深感受到每一次随乐起舞，不仅是\n \n 身体的舒展，更是一次深刻的文化浸润，\n \n 如一位来自生命科学与技术学院的学生所说：\n \n “我们运用绸扇等元素，\n \n \n 以当代青年视角诠释古典美学，\n \n \n 力求让传统文化以更鲜活、更具感染力的形式走近观众。\n \n 这种创作实践，不仅保留了文化内核，更赋予其蓬勃的生命力。”\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n \n \n \n 彩蛋惊喜时间到\n \n \n \n

\n

\n \n 世纪君也联络到了\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 参与作品创排的学子\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 《梦行云》作品究竟是\n \n

\n

\n \n 如何精巧融合古典舞身韵\n \n

\n

\n \n 与现代编舞手法\n \n

\n

\n \n 又是如何能够让非舞蹈专业观众\n \n

\n

\n \n 也能体悟中国传统美学意境？\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 《梦行云》\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 和它破圈背后的故事\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 期待下周揭晓\n \n \n

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\n \n
\n \n

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\n \n \n \n 综合来源：华中科技大学、中青校媒等\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 编辑：张语迎\n \n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/HL3PIjRpMGJc3DKUly49jg", + "creator": "21世纪英文报", + "pubDate": "Sat, 19 Jul 2025 12:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/KZZ7pejfWpmQC71WWUkdOchKb52zPdbVD4hjKwgEa95ee6FTAgavwzK46IvBMTKtJ5u599Kn1icyGos3ZgGricyQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/KZZ7pejfWpmQC71WWUkdOchKb52zPdbVD4hjKwgEa95ee6FTAgavwzK46IvBMTKtJ5u599Kn1icyGos3ZgGricyQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247847754_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "21世纪双语", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "17bf6f8a234001c23d17fe46dd9e8757", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "21优选｜暴晒直降10℃！KK树凉感防晒帽护娃无忧", "description": "21优选｜暴晒直降10℃！KK树凉感防晒帽护娃无忧", @@ -10085,6 +10151,28 @@ "hash": "2ccc014f46c9d7aff0e630a117aa5e2d", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "从校园摆摊到千万营收：95后大学生手绘国风球鞋火出圈！", + "description": "从校园摆摊到千万营收：95后大学生手绘国风球鞋火出圈！", + "content": "
\n

\n \n 水墨山河、云中锦鲤、古风诗词……当一系列手绘水墨画出现在各路球鞋上，高颜值的组合迅速吸引了年轻消费者的目光，他们在社交媒体上纷纷“种草”。\n \n

\n

\n \n
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\n

\n \n 而打造出这些“新中式”定制款球鞋的，其实是\n \n 一名95后大学生——来自武汉理工大学的王庆\n \n 。\n \n

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\n \n \n \n 图源：受访者供图\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n In a small workshop in Wuhan, Hubei province, traditional Chinese elements like dragons and cranes aren't just painted on walls or silk — they're coming alive on sneakers.\n \n \n

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\n \n \n Behind these creations is Wang Qing, a 26-year-old postgraduate student at the School of Arts and Design, Wuhan University of Technology.\n \n \n

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\n \n 从水墨画到古诗词，从民俗故事到历史地标，\n \n 王庆的设计理念深深扎根于中国文化\n \n 。其中，最出圈的便是这款“白蛇”主题的定制鞋。\n \n

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\n \n
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\n

\n \n 受到2019年动画电影《白蛇：缘起》的启发，在这款鞋的设计中，水墨般的山峦在鞋面徐徐展开，一条白龙蜿蜒盘踞在鞋侧的品牌标志处；鞋跟处云海中的人影，更为整个设计注入了神秘浪漫的色彩。\n \n

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\n \n \n \n 图源：受访者供图\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n One of his most popular collections was inspired by the animated film\n \n \n White Snake\n \n \n (2019), a modern retelling of a classic Chinese legend. The design features a dragon that coils gently around the shoe's emblem, blending into a misty mountain background. A silhouette emerges from the clouds on the heel, adding a scent of romantic mystique.\n \n \n

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\n \n 除了民间传说，王庆的设计中还会融入地方传统文化。例如，“醒狮”系列球鞋就是对中国舞狮传统的致敬。\n \n

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\n \n \n \n 图源：受访者供图\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n Beyond folklore, Wang's work incorporates regional heritage. For example, his \"Waking Lion\" series pays homage to the lion dance traditions.\n \n \n

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\n \n “小时候我喜欢背诵中国诗歌，深深被其中所蕴含的艺术意境所吸引，”他说。“甚至在‘国潮’这个词出现之前，传统文化已经在影响着我的想象力。”\n \n

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\n \n
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\n \n \n \"I loved reciting Chinese poems when I was little and was deeply fascinated by the artistic conception brought by the verses,\" he said. \"Even before the term 'China chic' existed, traditional culture was already influencing my imagination.\"\n \n \n

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\n \n “在空白鞋子上描绘国潮图案，看似只是满足很小众的个性化需求，但在中国这么广阔的市场，任何小众化的需求都有着庞大的消费群体。”王庆说。\n \n

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\n \n 据《长江日报》报\n \n \n 道，如今，边求学边创业的王庆已和\n \n \n \n 多个球鞋品牌都建立了合作关系，在普通款式的鞋子上进行二次创作\n \n \n \n \n 。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 图源：受访者供图\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 但王庆的创业历程，并非一路坦荡……\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 从校园摆摊到千万流水\n \n \n \n

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\n \n 2022年5月，王庆读硕士研究生一年级时，与同学尝试在球鞋上手绘文创图案，然后在校园摆摊售卖。\n \n

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\n

\n \n 据《长江日报》报道，王庆称，当初摆摊只是想利用专业所学赚点生活费改善伙食，但摆摊大半个月，他和同学辗转武汉理工大学、湖北经济学院、武汉东湖学院等高校，效果却非常不好。\n \n

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\n \n “摊位无人问津，几乎没卖出几双鞋子。”王庆说，\n \n 那段日子很辛苦，他感受到创业的不易\n \n 。\n \n

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\n \n \n \n 图源：受访者供图\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 但王庆没想过放弃。\n \n 每\n \n \n 次设计出一款图案，他就会同步上传到网络平台，起初并没有引起多少人关注。直到有一天，他设计的一款篮球鞋意外火爆，多家鞋企联系他，希望与他进\n \n \n 行合作。\n \n

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\n \n
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\n \n 以此为契机，王庆决定成立公司，专注国潮球鞋设计。在短短的两年多时间里，\n \n 团队的年营收已达1300万元\n \n 。“正在不断扩展业务品类，预计今年营收还将有较大幅度增长。”他介绍说。\n \n

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\n \n \n \n 图源：受访者供图\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n In a spontaneous moment in 2022, he decided to repair his torn skate shoes by drawing Chinese-style cartoon patterns on them. That was when the idea of wearable culture took form.\n \n \n

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\n \n 王庆表示，\n \n 政府扶持的创新创业项目在团队扩张中也起到了至关重要的作用\n \n 。\n \n

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\n \n 通过湖北省大学生创业扶持项目，他的团队获得了5万元的启动资金。后来，团队又凭借在大学生创新大赛中的突出表现，赢得了10万元奖金，更借此契机和投资者、政策顾问建立了宝贵的联系。\n \n

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\n \n \n Wang explained that government-backed innovation programs have played a crucial role in helping their team expand.\n \n \n

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\n \n \n Through Hubei's entrepreneurship fund for university students, his team secured 50,000 yuan in initial funding. Later, by participating in a youth innovation competition, they received an additional 100,000 yuan and established valuable connections with investors and policy advisers.\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 在球鞋上画画，并不简单\n \n \n \n

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\n \n 对王庆来说，这项工作绝不仅仅是将某个图案复制并印在鞋上那么简单，\n \n 他将自己定义为“手艺人”\n \n ：“我们要综合考虑到鞋子的轮廓、结构，同时让每个设计元素与鞋型形成相互呼应。”\n \n

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\n \n \n But for Wang, it's not just about decoration. \"It's never as easy as simply copying a symbol and printing it on a shoe,\" he said. \"We consider the shoe's silhouette, its structure, and how each design element complements the form.\"\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 图源：受访者供图\n \n \n \n

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\n \n 在学习环境设计出身的王庆看来，设计球鞋与设计一座50平米的小庭院的设计逻辑其实是相似的——就像在庭院空间中需要统筹植物分布、路面铺设、水景构图一样，球鞋只是个更小尺度的设计画布。\n \n

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\n \n \n His academic background in landscape architecture gives him a unique edge. Wang believes that core design principles — structure, proportion, and harmony — are transferable across disciplines. \"When I design a 50-square-meter courtyard, I think about plant arrangement, paving patterns, water features — it's all about composition,\" he said. \"Sneakers may be a smaller canvas, but the design logic is similar.\"\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 图源：受访者供图\n \n \n \n

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\n \n 而要将图纸上的创意转化为高质量的实物，离不开对工艺的极致追求与反复打磨。\n \n

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\n \n 为找到更优质的材料，王庆曾带着团队前往广东厚街、福建泉州等地的球鞋材料市场，打造出\n \n 耐刮擦性能较同类手工产品高出30%\n \n 的鞋款。\n \n

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\n \n 为解决图案褪色问题，王庆还专门向武汉理工大学材料学院的一位博士请教，最终\n \n 调制出一种色彩饱和又不易脱落的颜料\n \n 。\n \n

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\n \n \n 图源：受访者供图\n \n \n

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\n \n \n To maintain high standards, Wang and his team traveled to major footwear material markets in Houjie, Guangdong, and Quanzhou, Fujian, to source better materials. One result: their shoes are 30 percent more scratch-resistant than comparable handcrafted products.\n \n \n

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\n \n \n When facing color fading issues, Wang consulted a doctoral researcher in materials science at his university and developed a pigment formula that preserves color saturation while enhancing wear resistance.\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 图源：受访者供图\n \n \n \n

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\n \n 此外，\n \n 团队还建立了自己的设计数据库，并引入人工智能配色系统\n \n ，这让他们能在10秒左右就完成配色。王庆表示，“设计师在此基础上再添加元素，大大提高了设计效率。”\n \n

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\n \n \n The team also established its own design database and incorporated an AI color-matching system. \"This allows us to complete color matching in approximately 10 seconds,\" Wang noted. \"Designers then build on this foundation by adding elements, significantly boosting design efficiency.\"\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 图源：受访者供图\n \n \n \n \n
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\n \n 展望未来，\n \n 王庆希望能创立属于自己的国潮时尚品牌\n \n ，并将业务拓展至服装、配饰等领域，逐步迈向全球市场。\n \n

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\n \n 他说：“作为在传统文化浸润中长大的中国人，我们想创造真正属于我们自己的东西。\n \n 我们的愿景是实现中国品牌高端化，国际品牌中国化。\n \n ”\n \n

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\n \n \n \n 图源：受访者供图\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n Looking ahead, Wang hopes to launch his own China chic fashion brand, expanding into clothing, accessories, and global markets. \"Being Chinese and growing up with these traditions has deeply influenced me,\" he said.\n \n \n

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\n \n
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\n \n \n \"We want to create something that truly belongs to us and reflects our identity. Our dream is to make Chinese brands more high-end and infuse international brands with the spirit of Chinese culture.\"\n \n \n

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\n \n
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\n \n \n 记者：刘坤 郭珈彤\n \n 编辑：严雨晴 王杏薇\n \n \n \n

\n
\n \n 英\n \n \n 文报道来自\n \n \n 2025年07月16\n \n \n 日\n \n \n China Daily Z Weekly 综合\n \n \n \n 长\n \n \n \n \n 江日报\n \n \n
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\n \n China Daily Z Weekly\n \n

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\n \n China Daily Z Weekly版面聚焦国内外Z世代最关注的热点话题进行深入报道，邀请受年轻人欢迎的专家学者通过专业的视角探讨分析时下Z世代最关注的话题，同时也为中外青年提供发声平台，鼓励Z世代更好地讲述中国故事。更多精彩，请见《中国日报》每周三报纸！\n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/rjWSJopkosr5a_8azU5aGw", + "creator": "21世纪英文报", + "pubDate": "Thu, 17 Jul 2025 14:44:01 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/KZZ7pejfWplA0oibfAicKrRiaHwx6Q2AbAYcbuBTdslGE52CnBaNlnIpeyCg1iaD4knicySGzzQ7F09LtqQZ30K4Yyg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/KZZ7pejfWplA0oibfAicKrRiaHwx6Q2AbAYcbuBTdslGE52CnBaNlnIpeyCg1iaD4knicySGzzQ7F09LtqQZ30K4Yyg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247847628_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "21世纪双语", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "30a87e0a1fe67eab0d25a685c6c03f57", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "农民工大爷写高考作文《我的母亲》，感动全网！他这样回应", "description": "农民工大爷写高考作文《我的母亲》，感动全网！他这样回应", @@ -10107,6 +10195,28 @@ "hash": "6993f500e5def90d98caea85d053a075", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "中国皮蛋在美国超市被疯抢！外国博主的测评形容词亮了", + "description": "中国皮蛋在美国超市被疯抢！外国博主的测评形容词亮了", + "content": "
\n

\n \n 皮蛋，这种中国传统佳肴色泽深褐、晶莹剔透，风味独特，被部分西方人称作“百年蛋”或“千年蛋”，长久以来在海外褒贬不一。\n \n

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\n \n \n \n 图源：TikTok@The Sushi Guy（photogami）\n \n \n \n

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\n \n
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\n \n \n Known to some Westerners as \"century eggs\" or \"thousand-year-old eggs\" for their dark, translucent appearance and bold flavor, these traditional Chinese delicacies have long sparked mixed reactions abroad.\n \n \n

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\n \n 中国皮蛋曾一度被外网评为“最令人作呕的食物”，然而，近来却在海外圈粉，美国线下一度卖断货。\n \n

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\n \n \n Once dubbed one of the world's most disgusting foods, China's preserved eggs are now flying off the shelves at Costco stores across the United States.\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 戳视频围观详情~\n \n \n \n

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\n \n 据上海日报SHINE、“羊城派”公众号等媒体报道，早在去年末、今年初，中国广东一品牌的松花鸭皮蛋礼盒出现在一些美国超市门店的堆头中。\n \n

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\n \n
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\n \n 彼时，这些超市准备的库存计划卖到农历春节（2025年2月28日）。而到了皮蛋礼盒上市当天，小红书上就出现了相关的种草情报帖。在帖子的评论区，不少网友追问采购地址/ZIP Code（美国邮编，可准确定位地区）。\n \n

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\n \n \n The buzz began on Xiaohongshu, where Chinese shoppers in the US posted photos of the eggs on display. The posts quickly drew a flood of comments asking for store locations and ZIP codes.\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 图源：小红书\n \n \n \n
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\n \n 不久，外国网红博主The Sushi Guy（photogami）在YouTube、TikTok等社交平台同步发布了一条关于中国皮蛋的评测视频。\n \n \n 同日，美国专业食品媒体Tasting Table也同步发出了关于中国皮蛋的报道，皮蛋的起源、传统制法和吃法。\n \n

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\n \n \n Then came a viral boost. US food influencer \"The Sushi Guy\" reviewed the eggs on TikTok and YouTube, drawing more than 660,000 views. Food site Tasting Table followed up with a feature exploring the eggs' cultural roots and distinctive taste.\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 图源：TikTok@The Sushi Guy（photogami）\n \n \n \n
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\n \n 截至发稿前，The Sushi Guy（photogami）在TikTok发布的评测视频浏览量超过66万，收藏转载量均有上千次。自此，在外网上，不少媒体、博主也纷纷开始发布科普、评测，还有教消费者如何吃皮蛋的文章、视频。\n \n

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\n \n \n On TikTok, adventurous eaters filmed their reactions: some recoiled at the first bite, then returned for more.\n \n \n

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\n \n 在线下购买皮蛋的消费者\n \n

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\n \n 除了华人之外\n \n

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\n \n 也可以看到当地人的身影\n \n

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\n \n 在TikTok上\n \n

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\n \n 皮蛋还收获了不少“回头客”\n \n

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\n \n 他们不少都是初尝“拒绝”\n \n

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\n \n 不知不觉就对皮蛋“上瘾”了\n \n

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\n \n \n On TikTok, adventurous eaters filmed their reactions: some recoiled at the first bite, then returned for more. \"I don't know what I'm doing, but it's weirdly addictive,\" said vloggers.\n \n \n

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\n \n 然而，受中美关税冲击影响，某品牌松花鸭皮蛋礼盒价格从20枚蛋品13.99美元逐步提升至17.59美元，相比之前上涨了3美元多。但即便价格有所上调，美国部分地区门店上架仅3天，皮蛋就被抢购一空，销量是预计的4-6倍。\n \n

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\n \n \n \"We planned enough stock for three months – some stores ran out in under three days,\" sales manager of the company behind the product said.\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 图源：TikTok截图\n \n \n \n

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\n \n 从圈粉外国萌娃的\n \n 冰糖葫芦\n \n \n

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\n \n 到“taste nice”的\n \n 东北盒饭\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 到“China Travel”旅途中\n \n

\n

\n \n 令外国胃连连点赞的\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 天水麻辣烫\n \n 等等\n \n

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\n \n 再到火爆越洋的皮蛋\n \n

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\n \n 近年来\n \n

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\n \n 不少中国传统食品圈粉海外\n \n

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\n \n 让外国朋友大夸特夸“真香”\n \n

\n

\n \n 外国网友问：\n \n

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\n \n 中国美食到底还有啥\n \n

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\n \n \n “真香”定律\n \n \n

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\n \n 中国网友答：\n \n

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\n \n 区区皮蛋有什么~\n \n

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\n \n \n 让你期待的还多呢\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 综合来源：上海日报、羊城晚报\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 编辑：张语迎\n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/X7ETd_R4a8WoJPspBB5O3A", + "creator": "21世纪英文报", + "pubDate": "Wed, 09 Jul 2025 11:39:56 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/KZZ7pejfWpncU1rgL3wRleCS9qQXsYVeMhem5HBDHM9LnY4opoYw2tFnNlj8nbZebqOyam8uDnsiaXwLic9bNodA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/KZZ7pejfWpncU1rgL3wRleCS9qQXsYVeMhem5HBDHM9LnY4opoYw2tFnNlj8nbZebqOyam8uDnsiaXwLic9bNodA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247847375_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "双语", + "feed": "21世纪双语", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "d5d43db9559da8b676c0a46c1071c4f1", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "日本教科书，竟这样污蔑“七七事变”！更多铁证曝光……", "description": "日本教科书，竟这样污蔑“七七事变”！更多铁证曝光……", @@ -11528,6 +11638,28 @@ "image": "http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/71SHwPo8iax7oWOjRkcNvbFKGEic0vazunSj6ia7vglUFiajMmACsNgEQty4Hbib5vKtlzw95T8icp5icibicgfWoEsHrIw/0?wx_fmt=png", "description": "", "items": [ + { + "title": "20250808，人的情绪也是周期！", + "description": "不在高峰时慕名而来，不在低谷时转身走开！2025年8月8日，周五。周三晚上，本来要出门走路运动，没想到外面又", + "content": "
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\n \n \n \n \n 不在高峰时慕名而来，不在低谷时转身走开！\n \n \n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 2025年8月8日，周五\n \n \n \n \n 。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 周三晚上，本来要出门走路运动，没想到外面又是电闪雷鸣，下雨了。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 就没出去，然后就睡着了，心中懊悔不已，一天没运动，感觉错过了很多，感觉又要长胖许多了。。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 。\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n 减肥这件事情，已经上马好几次了，每次上马的时候都是心心念，下定决心要做到的。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 但是慢慢也就放弃了。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 人的情绪就是如此，也是一个周期循环，逃不过万物皆周期的窠臼。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 举个简单的例子，就是你都会怀旧，也会喜新厌旧。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 更身边的事情是，一些你曾经瞧不上的国货品牌开始流行了，本质上就是人的审美又开始轮回循环了。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 以前某个妆容，某个发型流行了，过时了，然后又流行了。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 这就是典型的人性和审美的周期“过时-怀旧-再发现”。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 这个周期有多长呢？大概就是5-7年左右，一个简单的例证就是迪士尼，一般每过5年就会把之前的动画片拿出来再放一次。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 放在股票上，有意义吗？有的，一般也是3-5年，涨跌就会轮回一次了。\n \n
\n
\n \n 。\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n

\n \n \n

\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/F2cXotVaOooL9UdgHm_sug", + "creator": "小风子桥牌", + "pubDate": "Wed, 13 Aug 2025 06:18:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/bUA2FuHr1jq0ld4QiaEROJBalVdrQs3SFKTk9ibTfXGFR5cBGpUMOVl8YP1bHyxZT9Jlp2ut1jO3H0Olib9iaTcaog/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/bUA2FuHr1jq0ld4QiaEROJBalVdrQs3SFKTk9ibTfXGFR5cBGpUMOVl8YP1bHyxZT9Jlp2ut1jO3H0Olib9iaTcaog/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2655133757_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "小风子桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "9c3a55cd452deaafba8b2b61cf3a287f", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "名局赏析：没有止张", "description": "100多年前，爱因斯坦发现质量和能量之间可以进行转换，转换的效率取决于撞击的速度，于是那个E=MC2的公式诞生", @@ -11550,6 +11682,28 @@ "hash": "66c38cb432df8a52d21c48c763b8ffcb", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "20250807，投资的艺术是什么？", + "description": "不在高峰时慕名而来，不在低谷时转身走开！2025年8月7日，周四。周二的时候，跟同事聚餐，聊聊天，驻外回来的", + "content": "
\n
\n \n
\n \n \n
\n \n
\n \n \n
\n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n \n \n 不在高峰时慕名而来，不在低谷时转身走开！\n \n \n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 2025年8月7日，周四\n \n \n \n \n 。\n \n \n

\n
\n \n \n
\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 周二的时候，跟同事聚餐，聊聊天，驻外回来的，问一问国外的见闻。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 战乱国家，还是有些不太妙，各种成本也都贵。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 那天还去听了驻外人员的分享，一些不太好的地方，也会有希望的微光。。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 。\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n 投资是一门综合生意，其中2分靠技术，3分靠运气，剩下5分靠艺术。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 所以，很多人都把投资当成一门艺术。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 投资是一门艺术，关键点在度的把握。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 这就像画画一样，留白还是不留白，留多少，在什么地方留，这中间就是一种度的把握与平衡。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 也像写小说，人物角色在这里要不要说话，说什么话，怎么说，拿捏的也是度。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 拿捏的好了，留给赏画的和读书的人无尽的遐想和自我陶醉，没弄好，就是自说自话，没法共鸣了。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 投资亦如是，不过是给自己看的。不要追求完美，不要追求买在最低点和最高点，是基础的度。\n \n
\n
\n \n 。\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n \n
\n
\n \n
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\n

\n \n \n

\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/E-d9oJZpz9u5X0Hop2VrEA", + "creator": "小风子桥牌", + "pubDate": "Tue, 12 Aug 2025 06:18:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/bUA2FuHr1jq0ld4QiaEROJBalVdrQs3SFKTk9ibTfXGFR5cBGpUMOVl8YP1bHyxZT9Jlp2ut1jO3H0Olib9iaTcaog/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/bUA2FuHr1jq0ld4QiaEROJBalVdrQs3SFKTk9ibTfXGFR5cBGpUMOVl8YP1bHyxZT9Jlp2ut1jO3H0Olib9iaTcaog/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2655133752_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "小风子桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "290a901e5c4a2937836da4d0642f4d42", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "名局赏析：逃离危险", "description": "人都是趋利避害的动物。这是从人性深处来的选择性倾向，有了利，大家都会一窝蜂的上，有了害，大家唯恐沾上自己。", @@ -11572,6 +11726,28 @@ "hash": "bf8fa08a8081ef20c36d30f21ea03709", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "20250806，收益三分，怎么选？", + "description": "不在高峰时慕名而来，不在低谷时转身走开！2025年8月6日，周三。周一下班的时候，又是大雨。关键下雨也不凉快", + "content": "
\n
\n \n
\n \n \n
\n \n
\n \n \n
\n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n \n \n 不在高峰时慕名而来，不在低谷时转身走开！\n \n \n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 2025年8月6日，周三\n \n \n \n \n 。\n \n \n

\n
\n \n \n
\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 周一下班的时候，又是大雨。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 关键下雨也不凉快，还是闷热不已。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 然后地面湿拉拉的，还没办法走路锻炼，这一天天的。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 。\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n 7月过去了，周围人聊起来7月的收益。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 有人竟然能够后半个月连续红着，还拿到了一个翻倍的标的。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 主要的策略就是追逐热点龙头，在关键事件上去挖掘，那个翻倍的标的就是雅江下游工程。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 当时，自己也选了一个，表现一般。\n \n
\n
\n \n \n
\n
\n \n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 这要能力，也要运气。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 除此之外，整个七月的感觉就是在极速轮动，跟上了很幸运，跟不上就是抓瞎了。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 投资的收益主要来自三个部分，一个是企业盈利的增长，一个是分红率的提升，一个是估值的提升。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 这三个里面，估值的提升是依赖于牛熊市的，牛市pe从15到30就是翻倍的收益。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 但前两个就跟牛熊关系不大了。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 所以，弄清楚自己要赚什么钱，怎么赚钱，就能一定程度上摆脱跟不上热点，追涨杀跌的命运。\n \n
\n
\n \n 。\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n

\n \n \n

\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/Hr0dIMpanXGlZcqzZAJYEw", + "creator": "小风子桥牌", + "pubDate": "Mon, 11 Aug 2025 06:18:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/bUA2FuHr1jq0ld4QiaEROJBalVdrQs3SFKTk9ibTfXGFR5cBGpUMOVl8YP1bHyxZT9Jlp2ut1jO3H0Olib9iaTcaog/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/bUA2FuHr1jq0ld4QiaEROJBalVdrQs3SFKTk9ibTfXGFR5cBGpUMOVl8YP1bHyxZT9Jlp2ut1jO3H0Olib9iaTcaog/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2655133747_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "小风子桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "91605f2b5a97c63b6bab7f5dadb6623c", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "名局赏析：什么时候出什么牌，很讲究的！", "description": "继续名局赏析系列。文章有偿阅读，付费自愿，包年24.24，还可按使用手册及下图方式支持小风子。", @@ -11594,6 +11770,28 @@ "hash": "3107985f1039de006a4692f944244675", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "美国关税政策对我国文化和旅游影响探析！", + "description": "美国时间4月2日，特朗普“对等关税”落地 ，政策采用全面“地毯式”关税与“一国一税率”的国别式关税叠加，涵盖", + "content": "
\n
\n \n 美国时间4月2日，特朗普“对等关税”落地 ，政策采用全面“地毯式”关税与“一国一税率”的国别式关税叠加，涵盖超过60个经济体，其中对我国加征34%对等关税。本次加征关税的范围和幅度远超市场预期，对我国以及全球经济中长期有着深远影响。文化和旅游领域作为我国对外贸易和扩大内需的重要领域，深入分析其在此次美国关税政策冲击之下的影响，是保持和提升我国文化和旅游竞争力的当务之急。\n \n
\n
\n \n \n \n
\n
\n \n 在对外贸易方面，美国关税政策将直接提高文化和旅游领域相关实物商品（比如工艺美术品等）出口成本，短期内出口规模和增速承压，对文化和旅游领域出口产业链造成冲击。\n \n 相应的，相关进口商品的成本也会上升，文化和旅游领域使用进口商品较多的企业面临较大压力。同时，美国关税政策还将通过汇率、经贸关系变化等对文化和旅游领域造成间接影响。\n \n 短期内人民币汇率波动将会影响对外文化交流、出入境旅游成本；经贸关系紧张也会影响到文化和旅游领域诸如游戏、版权等无实物产品出口和人员往来的便利化程度。\n \n
\n
\n \n 在消费促进方面，\n \n 宏观上，\n \n 出口作为拉动我国经济增长三驾马车之一将会受到美国关税政策带来的较大冲击，进而影响到整体经济增速及居民收入增速，自然也会影响到文化和旅游领域的整体增长及消费潜力。\n \n 中观层面，\n \n 受到冲击的进出口产业链相关企业将会通过压缩资本开支、节约运营成本、转向国内市场等方式应对关税激增带来的影响，进而加剧文化和旅游领域的竞争激烈程度。\n \n 微观层面，\n \n 广大消费者面临更加复杂的不确定性下将会不断调整自身消费习惯及信心，进而影响到文化和旅游促消费的效果。\n \n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 机遇与挑战往往相伴而生，文化和旅游领域在面临美国关税政策带来挑战的同时，\n \n 也面临着新的机遇\n \n 。比如，出口受挫下倒逼国内产业转型升级的机遇；传统贸易市场和方式受挫下新贸易市场和方式的开拓创新等等。在应对挑战的同时，把握机遇，甚至在危机中育新机，需要从以下几个方面着手。\n \n
\n
\n \n \n 一是进一步坚定推进改革开放。\n \n 习近平总书记在纪念改革开放四十周年大会上指出，改革开放是实现中华民族伟大复兴的关键一招。具体到文化和旅游领域，要进一步研究扩大单方面免签等政策的适用范围和停留时间，提升人员往来的便利度，增强我国文化和旅游对境外人员、企业的吸引力；充分用好旅游展会、进博会、消博会等平台和机制，将我国文化和旅游发展的潜力转变为贸易伙伴的机遇，增强我国文化和旅游朋友圈吸引力，促进文化和旅游命运共同体构建。\n \n
\n

\n \n \n \n \n \n

\n
\n \n \n 二是进一步优化对外贸易格局。\n \n 要优化对外文化和旅游贸易的商品结构，在稳住现有贸易规模和增速的情况下，逐步提升非实物商品和服务的占比，最大可能规避关税壁垒。要优化对外文化和旅游贸易的区域结构，积极开拓新兴市场，尤其是“一带一路”沿线国家和地区市场。要优化贸易方式，在传统进出口方式基础上，逐步提升数字贸易、跨境电商等方式占比，降低综合物流成本。\n \n
\n
\n \n \n 三是持续优化文化和旅游内循环。\n \n 打铁还要自身硬，做好文化和旅游内循环，就是以自身的确定性去应对外部的不确定性。要加强政策研究和储备，多推出与其他领域相关政策目标、工具、时机、力度、节奏相匹配的举措，提高政策协同性和系统性。要持续推动文化和旅游传统产业转型升级，积极培育新产业新业态，谋划布局未来产业，提升文化和旅游领域内生动力。要统筹治理同质化、低水平竞争，构建文化和旅游良好生态圈，推进高质量发展。\n \n
\n

\n \n \n 假期机票价格到底跳的是什么水？\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 这个长假，出境旅游怎么了？\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 我们为什么需要入境旅游？\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 旅游行业应该高度中巴贸易首次实现本币交易这件事！\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 旅游数据可以说明哪些问题？\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 《旅游法》十周年回眸与前瞻：未来该如何营造更好的旅游生态？\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 海南调研手记！\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 一带一路十周年：人文班列、旅游班列推出正当其时！\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 雄安见闻！\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 从放管服说起\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 接着说说双创\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 黄山旅游三季报简单梳理\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 从火爆的微短剧看文化走出去！\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 说着漂亮的，干着实惠的！\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 文化和旅游的下沉市场在哪里？\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 文化和旅游的全国统一大市场应该如何建设？\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 2024，期待更多“科目三”！\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 尔滨也应该核算自己的最优承载量！\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 应该怎么认识智慧图书馆体系建设？\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 从Sora概念股看Sora大模型AI视频生成对文化和旅游的影响！\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 两会来到，文化和旅游领域应该如何打造新质生产力？\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 从胖东来商场变景区看旅游购物的破局方向！\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 应该如何看待深圳试点境外旅客离境退税“即买即退”服务？\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 入境便利化举措对旅行社转型升级是机遇还是挑战？\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 从王婆说媒看我们需要什么样的旅游演艺！\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 建设海洋特色文化和旅游目的地！\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 尔滨今年冬天还会不会“网红”依旧呢？\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 高质量推进文化和旅游全国统一大市场建设！\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n

\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/RIJUG-ztcE5wdtTbKK1DVA", + "creator": "小风子桥牌", + "pubDate": "Sun, 10 Aug 2025 06:18:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/bUA2FuHr1jr1FP0okItjqicKm6EIYzF6knPR0PTwAUkQFdLUKiahjklSr2eB9y7XrczZNTQpTrHQcCiarC8ongbWg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/bUA2FuHr1jr1FP0okItjqicKm6EIYzF6knPR0PTwAUkQFdLUKiahjklSr2eB9y7XrczZNTQpTrHQcCiarC8ongbWg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2655133742_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "小风子桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "9a6f7355c01793f148f87f5984314ff5", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "高质量推进文化和旅游全国统一大市场建设！", "description": "建设全国统一大市场是构建新发展格局的基础支撑和内在要求。当前，文化和旅游领域日益成为促消费、调结构、惠民生的", @@ -11616,6 +11814,28 @@ "hash": "28a462f89a25920d5859ed897587a2c5", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "20250805，创新药成功率只有12%！", + "description": "不在高峰时慕名而来，不在低谷时转身走开！2025年8月5日，周二。周一，单位空了很多，毕竟是休假周了，休息的", + "content": "
\n
\n \n
\n \n \n
\n \n
\n \n \n
\n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n \n \n 不在高峰时慕名而来，不在低谷时转身走开！\n \n \n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 2025年8月5日，周二\n \n \n \n \n 。\n \n \n

\n
\n \n \n
\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 周一，单位空了很多，毕竟是休假周了，休息的挺多的。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 按照计划，轮班安排，下下周就到自己了。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 天气不太好，帝都发了不要涉山涉水的户外活动，那就说明还是不太妙。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 。\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n 在市区是感受不到的，看到的新闻画面，有冲击，但没有亲身经历，总是感受不深刻。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 这就是大家都知道的那句名言，纸上谈来终觉浅，绝知此事要躬行。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 道理都知道，但是对于道理的理解以及践行就差别大了去了，这就是人与人拉开差距的关键所在了。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 创新药是很火热，但是一个关键的常识就是创新药的研发成功率是很低的，大概只有12%。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 这已经是往高处说了。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 不要看如今局面和资本市场都非常火爆，但是也不要被这种火热的情绪带走了你的理性。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 这里面，除了顶级的可以活下来，大多数的都是炮灰。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 所以，如果不懂，就拿个ETF，吃个平均值是最稳妥的。\n \n
\n
\n \n 。\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n

\n \n \n

\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/6ahR26533jPepEPUy0qFGQ", + "creator": "小风子桥牌", + "pubDate": "Fri, 08 Aug 2025 06:18:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/bUA2FuHr1jq0ld4QiaEROJBalVdrQs3SFKTk9ibTfXGFR5cBGpUMOVl8YP1bHyxZT9Jlp2ut1jO3H0Olib9iaTcaog/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/bUA2FuHr1jq0ld4QiaEROJBalVdrQs3SFKTk9ibTfXGFR5cBGpUMOVl8YP1bHyxZT9Jlp2ut1jO3H0Olib9iaTcaog/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2655133732_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "小风子桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "e9ea37da844a190e4b160fdd7d3466d0", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "名局赏析：布下口袋", "description": "闲看毛主席诗词，一个书生竟然能够深谙运兵之妙，甚为佩服。细究案例，原来布口袋这种事情还有这么多的讲究。", @@ -11638,6 +11858,28 @@ "hash": "95a8c6410410c7a483f7c1381625475f", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "20250804，一个判断高与低的角度！", + "description": "不在高峰时慕名而来，不在低谷时转身走开！2025年8月4日，周一。挺好的，连续两周策划了两次周末爬山。但是都", + "content": "
\n
\n \n
\n \n \n
\n \n
\n \n \n
\n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n \n \n 不在高峰时慕名而来，不在低谷时转身走开！\n \n \n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 2025年8月4日，周一\n \n \n \n \n 。\n \n \n

\n
\n \n \n
\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 挺好的，连续两周策划了两次周末爬山。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 但是都取消了，一次是因为下大雨了，另一次也是因为下雨山上水大不开门。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 所以，就是挺好的。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 。\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n 布置给娃的每天要干的内容，说起来都是完成了。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 但是周四晚上一问，说是从AI工具里借鉴来的。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 借鉴说的轻松，大概率就是多半部分都是从这里来的吧。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 有点生气，就在本子上叮嘱，不能借鉴，要自己写。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 有一个小小的角度来看市场的高低。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 之前，大家都是从PE、PB等角度来看，有纵向跟自己的比较，比如处在历史百分位的位置；也有横向对其他市场的比较，比如估值相对于欧美以及新兴市场的高低。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 因为高低与好坏都是比较出来的。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 那么，还有一个小小的角度，就是从交易量的角度来看。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 比如，全A市场的成交量，在低点的时候大概的范围是多少，高点的时候是多少。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 比如在7000亿以下，就是相对地点。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 再升级一下，用成交量除以市值，就是借鉴换手率的问题来看相对的位置。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 再比如，将成交量换成融资融券的额度，也是可以辅助的。。\n \n
\n
\n \n 。\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n

\n \n \n

\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/lUyLX7UYP-dpqO_oucccbQ", + "creator": "小风子桥牌", + "pubDate": "Thu, 07 Aug 2025 06:18:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/bUA2FuHr1jq0ld4QiaEROJBalVdrQs3SFKTk9ibTfXGFR5cBGpUMOVl8YP1bHyxZT9Jlp2ut1jO3H0Olib9iaTcaog/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/bUA2FuHr1jq0ld4QiaEROJBalVdrQs3SFKTk9ibTfXGFR5cBGpUMOVl8YP1bHyxZT9Jlp2ut1jO3H0Olib9iaTcaog/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2655133727_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "小风子桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "9a0ec0904fc93a2f8a48f0a95e3ee4ec", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "名局赏析：一张之争", "description": "牌局之中的胜负手往往就在一两张之间。出对了，不仅完成定约，甚至可以超墩得高分，出错了，原本可成的定约就岌岌可危，转胜为败。", @@ -11660,6 +11902,28 @@ "hash": "ee26e62e9815592095598bf83a13c3b5", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "三国杀OL国战庞统王平：二爷威武前半场！", + "description": "三国杀OL国战庞统王平：二爷威武前半场！", + "content": "None", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/QLIW_Y12hyCHozqE3Exhlw", + "creator": "小风子桥牌", + "pubDate": "Wed, 06 Aug 2025 06:18:00 ", + "enclosure": "http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/La6QLcCe4DpS1y0pyqkdWSR7X2aFUkQXUkNEvaib4rrB94mP91Y9UkNuVzfCWEOHk67xOssibaIiawicNZyROSb13g/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/La6QLcCe4DpS1y0pyqkdWSR7X2aFUkQXUkNEvaib4rrB94mP91Y9UkNuVzfCWEOHk67xOssibaIiawicNZyROSb13g/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2655133722_3", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "小风子桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "3ef6bd03986f1beb0197c88e288ab16b", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "20250801，能挣钱，门槛低！", "description": "不在高峰时慕名而来，不在低谷时转身走开！2025年8月1日，周五。周三，大会落幕，周四天气又开始阴了。会议是", @@ -11682,6 +11946,28 @@ "hash": "d77d1fc65177206cf5582018482d4c1b", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "名局赏析：自损重兵", + "description": "周末大扫除，看着一个个整理出来的箱子，很结实，也还很新，不舍得扔，但是家里也确实没有多余的空间来放置，便有些恋", + "content": "
\n

\n \n 周末大扫除，看着一个个整理出来的箱子，很结实，也还很新，不舍得扔，但是家里也确实没有多余的空间来放置，便有些恋恋不舍。\n \n

\n
\n \n \n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 终于下定了决心，把这些东西拿了出来准备丢到垃圾桶里，想着要是能碰到一个正好需要箱子的人该多好，这样就能物尽其用。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 可惜，没碰到，只好放在垃圾桶里，走几步回头，忽然发现一个人将箱子从垃圾桶里拉出来，粗暴的撕开，踩在脚底下，心中有一种被撕裂的感觉。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 这样好的东西竟然就是这样的命运！\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 但这样的想法好不讲道理，明明是自己已经不要的东西了，为啥还要来干涉别人如何利用的事情呢？\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 于是，自损重兵。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 牌例：\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 叫牌过程如下：\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 西家首攻HK，明手摊牌后布南家看到：\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 由干庄家在两门高花中各有一个无法避免的失张，因而在防守方持有CA-K-9-8四张将牌的情况下，定约的前景实在不妙。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 首先，在自己开叫1C之后，西家在直接位置叫出的加倍显然是技术性，这就是说，西家不仅持有开叫的牌力，而且他的草花至多为单张，甚至是缺门：\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 其次，东家应叫的1NT，表明他在草花中有很好的止张且在另外三门中没有任何可叫的四张套，东家的牌力当为6～10点。\n \n

\n
\n \n \n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 鉴于西家再叫出的2S乃首攻出的HK，可以认定西家不但持有五张黑桃，而且持有SK-J及HK-Q，如果他还持有单张草花，定约即可轻松完成；\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 但是，如果CA—K—9—8四张将牌全都在东家手中呢？\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 果然如此的话，只有让明手获得两次进手，才能确保仅失两墩将牌据此，南家手中以HA赢得第一墩后回出S5，西家以SK得进并转攻DQ，庄家以DA得进后续出S6给明手的SQ进手；\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 明手打出将牌，东家阴出C8，手中盖上C10，从而证实西家果然草花缺门；\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 庄家随即打出SA给明手将吃！\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 明手打出最后一张将牌，南家出色地完成了定约。\n \n

\n

\n \n \n

\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/N_hds5-TMbjajFvv8jqczw", + "creator": "小风子桥牌", + "pubDate": "Wed, 06 Aug 2025 06:18:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/La6QLcCe4DprkLGx8vZ3yQuv0A3aNA32IFcfN4MUcygNsIMQyLhChTriaFGlDCeCHquiaokVibWT3YXwHtzG5MdPw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/La6QLcCe4DprkLGx8vZ3yQuv0A3aNA32IFcfN4MUcygNsIMQyLhChTriaFGlDCeCHquiaokVibWT3YXwHtzG5MdPw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2655133722_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "小风子桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "3079cfe63c839a3edb81e810e3a037d0", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "建设海洋特色文化和旅游目的地！", "description": "2025年7月1日上午，中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席、中央财经委员会主任习近平主持召开中央财经委员", @@ -11704,6 +11990,28 @@ "hash": "658b8e1ed372617898c68443ebeca94f", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "名局赏析：一场比赛就赢一副牌！", + "description": "继续名局赏析系列。文章有偿阅读，付费自愿，包年24.24，还可按使用手册及下图方式支持小风子。", + "content": "
\n

\n \n 继续名局赏析系列。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n \n 文章有偿阅读，付费自愿，包年24.24，还可按使用手册及下图方式支持小风子。\n \n \n
\n
\n \n \n
\n
\n \n \n 具体可见：\n \n \n \n \n \n 小风子桥牌使用手册\n \n \n \n
\n
\n \n \n
\n
\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 今天要给大家分享的这副牌来自美国国家队选拔比赛上的一副牌\n \n \n \n 。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 当时，薛伍德率领的旧金山队与斯宾戈队展开了代表美国参加百慕大杯比赛的资格。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 最终，前者以微弱的优势获胜，而下面的这副牌就是为整个比赛奠定优势的一副牌。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 可以说，这一场比赛就赢在了这衣一副牌上。。\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n \n
\n

\n \n \n 这幅牌，双方有局。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n
\n

\n \n \n 比赛在开室和闭室之间进行。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 两室里面，南家都叫出了方块和草花两个长套，而东西两家也都叫出4黑桃。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 之后，南家都叫了5方块，然后被加倍。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 所以，最后就是南家主打一个5方块的加倍定约。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 汉曼所在的室，首攻是黑桃。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 明手放小，汉曼坐在东家出J，然后南家将吃。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 南家出草花A，然后出小草花，明手将吃。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 这个过程中，西家跟出了草花8和10。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 这个时候，如果你是汉曼坐在东家，你会怎么做？\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 汉曼的选择是，没有超将吃拿掉这一墩，而是垫了黑桃。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 庄家继续将吃黑桃，继续用方块将吃草花。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 这次，汉曼选择了超将吃。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 这个时候，汉曼继续打黑桃。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 南家继续用方块Q将吃黑桃，然后再用手里的方块J和K和A赢得剩下的三墩。\n \n \n

\n
\n \n \n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 最终定约宕三。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 而在另一桌上，首攻是方块。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 庄家用方块J吃进，同样的，当庄家准备将吃第二个草花的时候，被西家超将吃，并回攻了黑桃。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 南家继续将吃草花，西家再次超将吃。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 最后定约宕一。\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 这里的关键是强迫南家将吃的选择。\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 首先，汉曼的同伴很敏锐的首攻了黑桃，其次，汉曼在第一次庄家将吃草花的时候，就选择了垫黑桃，也是非常明智和关键的选择。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 这副牌，告诉大家虽然将牌上没有什么大牌，长度也不够，但是却可以选择精准的时机去实现自己的目的。\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 全牌如下：\n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n

\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/TK7uEbioCqIQxyGXFlUFkw", + "creator": "小风子桥牌", + "pubDate": "Tue, 05 Aug 2025 06:18:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/La6QLcCe4DrlECjk8hWGicE8CS8c3AiakKl29JJA0yDAvfJu235IvEVE2KsU68U94v3ImZaP2iaicEpjOevgbXg20w/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/La6QLcCe4DrlECjk8hWGicE8CS8c3AiakKl29JJA0yDAvfJu235IvEVE2KsU68U94v3ImZaP2iaicEpjOevgbXg20w/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2655133714_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "小风子桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "2c79ca666211111bb4b99cb8c72c7d8f", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "20250731，想挣钱得学会先抗亏！", "description": "不在高峰时慕名而来，不在低谷时转身走开！2025年7月31日，周四。周三，天完全放晴了，万里无云，碧空如洗。", @@ -11726,6 +12034,28 @@ "hash": "b7301186df013fc99d65ba06e9fd4f4e", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "名局赏析：总要有人去牺牲", + "description": "纵观历史，在主流价值观背景下，每一次所谓的社会进步都伴随着人的牺牲。一些人抛洒了热血，一些人甚至连累了家族。", + "content": "None", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/OrrPEmX_iP9P_TY4Ts149Q", + "creator": "小风子桥牌", + "pubDate": "Mon, 04 Aug 2025 06:18:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/La6QLcCe4DpwYQg7LKFu43G8FFCV122QBmFgeyhicbLdyx0wgnsoR2r0143AoWv0d6MBxqobLHYH2jkAM2ogibbA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/La6QLcCe4DpwYQg7LKFu43G8FFCV122QBmFgeyhicbLdyx0wgnsoR2r0143AoWv0d6MBxqobLHYH2jkAM2ogibbA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2655133709_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "小风子桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "e64fe2b1fe5c7e152515a44af9636b92", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "宋徽宗痴迷的一窑万彩！星河落入盏，百元入手", "description": "若非亲眼所见，恐怕连宋徽宗都不敢相信，一向素雅著称的中国瓷盏中，竟还有如此惊妙之物：“入窑一色，出窑万彩...", @@ -11748,6 +12078,28 @@ "hash": "76c30e67e1c143b753bc9c99bfcb484d", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "三国杀OL国战荀攸甄姬：姨妈姬名不虚传！", + "description": "三国杀OL国战荀攸甄姬：姨妈姬名不虚传！", + "content": "None", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/cgwU2owz-f5Fttgrk0YdbQ", + "creator": "小风子桥牌", + "pubDate": "Sat, 02 Aug 2025 06:18:00 ", + "enclosure": "http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/La6QLcCe4DpUia7Cut08Pys3SEXibjIYlqgDfVmoupjqROxtgibgtldVp8SfHMGmTJ37NxpzdXVF8FQiahjbhekkEQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/La6QLcCe4DpUia7Cut08Pys3SEXibjIYlqgDfVmoupjqROxtgibgtldVp8SfHMGmTJ37NxpzdXVF8FQiahjbhekkEQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2655133699_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "小风子桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "efc943e783838a0cd29a6914e2a9ac0b", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "20250730，大雨磅礴！", "description": "不在高峰时慕名而来，不在低谷时转身走开！2025年7月30日，周三。周一晚上就发了预警，很不好的预警，然后说", @@ -11770,6 +12122,28 @@ "hash": "56f0d5c5698c032502b007ca2ab821a6", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "名局赏析：很危险啊", + "description": "送上今天的哈。牌例：叫牌过程如下：西家首攻S8，明手放小，庄家以手中的S10赢得。", + "content": "
\n

\n \n \n \n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 送上今天的哈。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 牌例：\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 叫牌过程如下：\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 西家首攻S8，明手放小，庄家以手中的S10赢得。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 在此，庄家敏锐地意识到：\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 若要完成定约就需树立明手的方块套，由于西家在有局的情况下争叫，因此几乎可以肯定除SK-J之外西家还会持有HA；\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 这里的危险在于，如果DK在东家手中，那么先动方块就会使防守方在时效上占先树立起黑桃。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 鉴于此，庄家在第二轮打出H4，西家跟出H2，明手以HK赢得并续出草花，庄家以CA进手后才打出DQ，结果发现西家竟为方块缺门并垫出C8；\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 东家以DK进手回出红心，西家以HA吃进后再出红心给东家的HQ-9赢得，至此防守方共拿到一墩方块与三墩红心。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 东家换攻黑桃，但定约已不可能被击败：\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 庄家以SA吃住后兑现CK及方块赢张，从而拿到两墩黑桃、一墩红心、四墩方块和两墩草花，出色地完成定约。\n \n

\n

\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 在另一室中，最终定约是由北家主打3D，尽管庄家也完成了定约，但得分不高。\n \n

\n

\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 庄家的做庄路线的确高明。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 试想庄家在第轮出牌时先动方块，那么东家在DK进手后只要续出黑桃，即可击败定约。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 因为庄家在SA赢得后，尽管可以拿到四墩方块和两墩草花，但却总共只有八墩牌；\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 而在他此后打出红心时，西家便会立即用HA吃住并再拿到三墩黑桃。毋庸赘述，当庄家在第二轮打出H4时，西家即使扑上HA也将无济于事。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 因为从西家手中打出黑桃不仅不会对定约方构成威胁，而且还会使庄家超额完成定约。\n \n

\n

\n \n \n

\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/CoXWSz0T97PhNKk3ru9nsg", + "creator": "小风子桥牌", + "pubDate": "Fri, 01 Aug 2025 06:18:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/La6QLcCe4DpwYQg7LKFu43G8FFCV122Qyk49EHmFIgI2655ZFm3OjjGALiaD9OdX8nMq3LTq4u5pthWycupuRCA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/La6QLcCe4DpwYQg7LKFu43G8FFCV122Qyk49EHmFIgI2655ZFm3OjjGALiaD9OdX8nMq3LTq4u5pthWycupuRCA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2655133694_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "小风子桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "9397662192d977610aae5f2fe3cf3d06", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "20250729，电影散场，大家都不走！", "description": "不在高峰时慕名而来，不在低谷时转身走开！2025年7月29日，周二。上周六，去看电影，本来计划的是出去爬山，", @@ -11792,6 +12166,28 @@ "hash": "851a9a2d7265a78d13e760dd392c930c", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "名局赏析：没有留下姓名的牌局！", + "description": "继续名局赏析系列。文章有偿阅读，付费自愿，包年24.24，还可按使用手册及下图方式支持小风子。", + "content": "
\n

\n \n 继续名局赏析系列。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n \n 文章有偿阅读，付费自愿，包年24.24，还可按使用手册及下图方式支持小风子。\n \n \n
\n
\n \n \n
\n
\n \n \n
\n \n \n
\n
\n \n \n 具体可见：\n \n \n \n \n \n 小风子桥牌使用手册\n \n \n \n
\n
\n \n \n
\n
\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 英国有一个非常著名的桥牌俱乐部，叫做杰姆士俱乐部。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 当时的英国，大多数的桥牌牌手都非常喜欢到这个俱乐部去玩，每到晚上，这里都会上演盘式比赛。\n \n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 而下面的牌，就是在这家俱乐部出现的一副非常精彩的牌局，只可惜，当时俱乐部的工作人员没有记录下打牌人的姓名！\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n
\n \n \n
\n

\n \n \n 这幅牌，南家开叫，双方无局。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n
\n

\n \n \n 南家开叫1无将，表明16-18点。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 叫牌的过程，这里就不详细描述了，文末的全牌里能够看的一清二楚。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 最终是南家主打4黑桃定约。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 西家首攻红心J。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 明手红心A吃进。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 明手出小黑桃，西家黑桃Q吃进。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 现在，又要请大家代入一下了，大家想一想，如果你坐在西家，那么你怎么出牌，才能击败定约呢？\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 实战中，西家是这样考虑的。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 大牌点南家开叫了1无将，加上明手摊牌看到的点力，东家手里可以肯定没有任何大牌点。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 要击败定约，又要让东家帮忙，那么唯一有可能的机会就是让东家也就是自己的同伴将吃方块了。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 想好这个，下一步需要确定的就是出哪个方块了。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 实战中，西家出方块K，南家吃进后，出黑桃，西家黑桃A吃进，然后出方块，东家将吃。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 定约就这样被击败了。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 想到出方块不难，但是出方块K的就不多了。\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 全牌如下：\n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n

\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/T07PwMr8EWHdhCFBcViXbA", + "creator": "小风子桥牌", + "pubDate": "Thu, 31 Jul 2025 06:18:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/La6QLcCe4DqYUz0hqpBEnEnOoSapqsjmzUvXVXejiaFDyVQY65ChzRUGcjJWEOrcVZdFApvzticpc2bXVxnwRIvQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/La6QLcCe4DqYUz0hqpBEnEnOoSapqsjmzUvXVXejiaFDyVQY65ChzRUGcjJWEOrcVZdFApvzticpc2bXVxnwRIvQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2655133689_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "小风子桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "6a657e97652f18e6982f9b656dfd4e6f", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "20250728，高与低，好与坏！", "description": "不在高峰时慕名而来，不在低谷时转身走开！2025年7月28日，周一。上周五，准确的说是从上周四的晚上就开始下", @@ -11814,6 +12210,28 @@ "hash": "3da09e655cbcd807c0a6ee7671edf07c", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "名局赏析：安全有妙手！", + "description": "继续名局赏析系列。（抱歉，最近太忙，更新没有保持日更，见谅！）文章有偿阅读，付费自愿，包年24.24，还可按使用手册及下图方式支持小风子。", + "content": "
\n

\n \n 继续名局赏析系列。（抱歉，最近太忙，更新没有保持日更，见谅！）\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n \n 文章有偿阅读，付费自愿，包年24.24，还可按使用手册及下图方式支持小风子。\n \n \n
\n
\n \n \n
\n
\n \n \n 具体可见：\n \n \n \n \n \n 小风子桥牌使用手册\n \n \n \n
\n
\n \n \n
\n
\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 美国队除了那些鼎鼎大名的明星牌手外，还有一位牌手叫做伊莉-沙别尔。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 这位牌手被很多牌手都推崇为他们所遇见过的最杰出的美国牌手。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 下面，咱们就分享一副他的牌例，来看看到底他的水位是在哪里。\n \n \n

\n
\n \n \n
\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 这副牌，东家开叫，双方有局。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 东家没有叫牌，南家2方块开叫，然后就是非常冗长的叫牌，期间东西两家都没有参与叫牌。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 最终，南家主打6方块定约。。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n
\n \n
\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 这里需要说明的是，南家也就是伊利-沙别尔，2方块开叫意味着逼叫进局。\n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 在叫牌的过程中，也显示了自己有方块和草花两个长套的信息。\n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 5黑桃是邀请，最终同伴上了6方块。\n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 首攻是草花7，明手摊牌，东家跟出草花J。\n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 现在，牌友们，如果是你们，你会怎么打呢？\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 东家跟出草花J，而不是9之类的，其实是很有迷惑性的。\n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 目的是为了迷惑对方，不让对方很轻易的就猜出牌型分布来。\n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 如果南家草花A吃进，然后再打草花K，被西家将吃，再打方块，就能击败定约了。\n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 那么，哪一张牌才是更安全的牌张呢？\n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 实战中，沙别尔出的是草花3。\n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 后来， 当时的桥牌杂志称赞这一张是最安全的妙手。\n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 各位牌友能看明白是为什么吗？\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 欢迎留言讨论！\n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 全牌如下：\n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n

\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/Lehewq4VGyOvKP7iQjxUnQ", + "creator": "小风子桥牌", + "pubDate": "Wed, 30 Jul 2025 06:18:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/La6QLcCe4DoCRF5htWcRjr7F4oicH06xHKfuVbia2ibTwNUNJVSWjkad5vpacsel2W4toTMR9u7qAsJicXuyjZgMwg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/La6QLcCe4DoCRF5htWcRjr7F4oicH06xHKfuVbia2ibTwNUNJVSWjkad5vpacsel2W4toTMR9u7qAsJicXuyjZgMwg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2655133684_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "小风子桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "0314bf5fb9f5845f8214a81ac2978df3", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "20250725，耐心与平常心！", "description": "不在高峰时慕名而来，不在低谷时转身走开！2025年7月25日，周五。周三，娃妈说要晚归，不吃饭。带娃出门吃饭", @@ -11836,6 +12254,28 @@ "hash": "386f48964b8dc74dd447a0a85539c749", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "名局赏析：将牌的考验", + "description": "有将定约多数的考验并不是将牌。因为定约的达成是你与同伴之间寻找强配合的过程。", + "content": "None", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/Nrkxo1C_9pJVXdhi8AL8eA", + "creator": "小风子桥牌", + "pubDate": "Tue, 29 Jul 2025 06:18:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/La6QLcCe4Dqmy3bbVZ7O3BWibl0HApG6Z9YLsgYZqud84gBMlhnKABbLBkKqZT2ERNxwXCoia2xja3WwiaI2ib2OQg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/La6QLcCe4Dqmy3bbVZ7O3BWibl0HApG6Z9YLsgYZqud84gBMlhnKABbLBkKqZT2ERNxwXCoia2xja3WwiaI2ib2OQg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2655133679_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "小风子桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "65c969f214925d5474adf507d5353da0", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "20250724，不能一概而论！", "description": "不在高峰时慕名而来，不在低谷时转身走开！2025年7月24日，周四。最近在读《剑来》。一本网络小说，作者还是", @@ -11858,6 +12298,28 @@ "hash": "735a56f1d6385d0dbece665644a5f2ba", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "名局赏析：是时候来一个大满贯了", + "description": "都是小打小闹的局部定约是不是完全没有意思，没关系，是时候该来一个大满贯了。", + "content": "
\n

\n \n 都是小打小闹的局部定约是不是完全没有意思，没关系，是时候该来一个大满贯了。\n \n

\n
\n \n \n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 其实，满贯是最没意思的，因为是一边倒的局面，反而是局部定约才充满了变数。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 不过，大满贯这种碾压局大家总是会想念下。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 牌例：\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 叫牌过程如下：\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 庄家5ＮＴ是大满贯逼叫。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 其含义是：\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 如果同伴在已选定的将牌花色上持有ＡＫＱ中的任意两张，就必须叫到七阶；否则便只叫到六阶。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 这种叫法是克勃森设计的，由于于是克勃森夫人最先撰文介绍，因而在欧洲也称其为“约瑟芬逼叫”。\n \n

\n

\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 西家首攻ＤＪ，庄家以手中的ＤＡ得进后，随即肃清将牌并兑现ＨＡ－Ｋ，结果发现防守方的红心意为Ｓ－１分布，这似乎意味着，如果不能飞中ＣＱ庄家就只有十二墩牌。\n \n

\n

\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 然而庄家没有飞草花，而是将吃小红心回手后拿掉手中的最后一张将牌，再出方块给明手的ＤＫ，其间西家为了防止明手树立红心只得垫掉两张草花。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 至此，全部的牌型分布已昭然若揭：\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 西家原本持有三张黑桃、五张红心和一张方块，因而其手中的草花肯定是四张。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 由于西家业已垫过两张草花，所以庄家只要兑现ＣＡ－Ｋ就肯定能够击落ＣＱ，从而拿到第十三墩牌。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n

\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/vTPFhlVQYj99mDJBod6SJg", + "creator": "小风子桥牌", + "pubDate": "Mon, 28 Jul 2025 06:18:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/La6QLcCe4DqSLvUp2cgdhIbWc42Pw8WWyaxDTpvlph8HdmYYfDibf1Zfn4XkhrIH6ib8chsKBLrptyybXRN1TJrQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/La6QLcCe4DqSLvUp2cgdhIbWc42Pw8WWyaxDTpvlph8HdmYYfDibf1Zfn4XkhrIH6ib8chsKBLrptyybXRN1TJrQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2655133674_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "小风子桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "d55dd54f160597ce48420a11f0483077", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "中国神作！短短几句，治愈精神内耗，低谷亦成转机", "description": "30岁前拼努力，30岁后拼智慧。若几十岁了还没读过《道德经》，那就太可惜了。听过无数道理，都不如去看智慧之源...", @@ -11880,6 +12342,28 @@ "hash": "e5602bbf91a0e8441e66ac741a1a1543", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "20250723，捉蝉！", + "description": "不在高峰时慕名而来，不在低谷时转身走开！2025年7月23日，周三。从外面回来的时候已经天黑了，就顺道去看了", + "content": "
\n
\n \n
\n \n \n
\n \n
\n \n \n
\n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n \n \n 不在高峰时慕名而来，不在低谷时转身走开！\n \n \n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 2025年7月23日，周三\n \n \n \n \n 。\n \n \n

\n
\n \n \n
\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 从外面回来的时候已经天黑了，就顺道去看了下小区里的小树林。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 平时从这边走，经常看到有人在抓蝉，就想碰碰运气，也让娃看看。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 运气不错，找到一只。\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 。\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n 这一只应该是刚从地下爬上来，正在惬意的往树上爬，爬的还挺不慢呢。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 赶紧招呼娃来看，只是娃兴趣不高。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 在旁边的树上又找到一个，个头比较小，但是已经在破壳了，灰绿色的头已经快伸出来了。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 再指给娃看。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 在旁边的另外一颗树上，又找到一个，不过是已经完全脱壳了的蝉。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 小小的，因为天气不热，也没有振翅而鸣！\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 都不感兴趣，加上蚊子多，就喊了同事的娃来，抓了去。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 小时候，也经常抓蝉。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 还记得，当时会拿着蝉蜕去找胡同门口的一个老医生，换一个薄荷糖。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 小时候还敢吃呢。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 现在，的确是不敢了。\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n

\n \n \n

\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/KbNPLyeeahKl-TuvoLiCXw", + "creator": "小风子桥牌", + "pubDate": "Fri, 25 Jul 2025 06:18:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/bUA2FuHr1jq0ld4QiaEROJBalVdrQs3SFKTk9ibTfXGFR5cBGpUMOVl8YP1bHyxZT9Jlp2ut1jO3H0Olib9iaTcaog/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/bUA2FuHr1jq0ld4QiaEROJBalVdrQs3SFKTk9ibTfXGFR5cBGpUMOVl8YP1bHyxZT9Jlp2ut1jO3H0Olib9iaTcaog/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2655133659_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "小风子桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "af0e7b6a13951e7fcb4555c39c31993c", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "名局赏析：抽丝剥茧、瓮中捉鳖！", "description": "继续名局赏析系列。文章有偿阅读，付费自愿，包年24.24，还可按使用手册及下图方式支持小风子。", @@ -11902,6 +12386,28 @@ "hash": "f9d949572618c768ef67c12e16944730", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "20250722，城墙听歌！", + "description": "不在高峰时慕名而来，不在低谷时转身走开！2025年7月22日，周二。上周日，去明城墙遗址公园上听音乐会。本来", + "content": "
\n
\n \n
\n \n \n
\n \n
\n \n \n
\n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n \n \n 不在高峰时慕名而来，不在低谷时转身走开！\n \n \n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 2025年7月22日，周二\n \n \n \n \n 。\n \n \n

\n
\n \n \n
\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 上周日，去明城墙遗址公园上听音乐会。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 本来的期望是不大的，那么个地方，屁大点，能有什么大场面。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 但是没想到，天公作美，看到了没看过的帝都天色。\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 。\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n 晚霞万丈，火烧云一般，半天瑟瑟半天红。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 站在城墙上，一边是历史的烽烟，一边是北京站不断驶出的火车咣当咣当，再配上乐队的歌声，一时间竟然分不清到底身处何时何地了。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 乐队里唯有一个女子，绿衣白裙，手持长笛，微风拂面，婉转悠扬，相得益彰。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 迟到了几分钟，娃到的时候，找到了同学，就坐着一起听歌，看了下，全程都是手撑着下巴，跟同学也少有交流。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 可能是家长在旁边的缘故？\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 歌曲都很老，不是年轻人喜欢的，不过还有一些是娃最近比较喜欢听的，什么告五人、赵雷等，虽然自己已经没听过，但是不妨碍好听。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 不同的时代，真的有不同的好听。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 来的路上，娃走的飞快，就怕耽误了听歌，路上不止一次回头质问我们，就是不能走快是吧。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 晚上结束时候已经是9点半了，回到家10点，一路上娃也没说什么话。\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n

\n \n \n

\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/zAHVT8eFUdpuDHg3_AQMgQ", + "creator": "小风子桥牌", + "pubDate": "Thu, 24 Jul 2025 06:18:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/bUA2FuHr1jq0ld4QiaEROJBalVdrQs3SFKTk9ibTfXGFR5cBGpUMOVl8YP1bHyxZT9Jlp2ut1jO3H0Olib9iaTcaog/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/bUA2FuHr1jq0ld4QiaEROJBalVdrQs3SFKTk9ibTfXGFR5cBGpUMOVl8YP1bHyxZT9Jlp2ut1jO3H0Olib9iaTcaog/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2655133654_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "小风子桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "5671c166b275540acd9760cadeea25fc", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "名局赏析：小平对牌桌现象的细致观察！", "description": "继续名局赏析系列。文章有偿阅读，付费自愿，包年24.24，还可按使用手册及下图方式支持小风子。", @@ -11924,6 +12430,28 @@ "hash": "c967664e9973ec0e7a20b107885214bc", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "20250721，创新药！", + "description": "不在高峰时慕名而来，不在低谷时转身走开！2025年7月21日，周一。上周末，又要开始去少年宫上课了。一开始是", + "content": "
\n
\n \n
\n \n \n
\n \n
\n \n \n
\n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n \n \n 不在高峰时慕名而来，不在低谷时转身走开！\n \n \n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n
\n

\n \n
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\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 2025年7月21日，周一\n \n \n \n \n 。\n \n \n

\n
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\n \n \n 上周末，又要开始去少年宫上课了。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 一开始是不乐意的，后来开导了一下，还可以。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n
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\n

\n \n \n 然后还收获了一个吉他，很开心，最近总是跟着视频学，还背着出去逛了一圈。\n \n \n \n
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\n

\n \n \n 。\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n
\n \n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n \n 上周日，是一个城墙上的音乐会，说是音乐会，其实应该就是类似酒吧那种。\n \n \n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
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\n \n 找几个人，弄点灯光什么的，唱唱歌。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 这几天，创新药是很火爆的，也涨了不少。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 其实，关于创新药板块的关注从去年下半年开始就已经陆陆续续不断的出现在各个研究文章里。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 从今年开始，算是大爆发了。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 一个是估值确实低，连续跌了好几年，PE来到了20-30的区间，虽然与15比起来还是高，考虑到行业特性，也就差不多了。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 第二个是政策的支持，集采明确不把创新药纳入进去，还有此前关于商业保险用药目录的问题，就是在不断提升创新药的支付能力和水平。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 第三个是行业本身的一些变动，比如资本的并购等等。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 当然最关键的还是业绩开始转变，大量的国际化BD让这个行业的盈利模式突然变得好了起来。\n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n
\n
\n \n 但是，这个行业有点类似开盲盒，太专业了，普通人还是就买ETF比较不错。\n \n
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\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/8RlLv2F5LQt_kMhgAP80hw", + "creator": "小风子桥牌", + "pubDate": "Wed, 23 Jul 2025 06:18:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/bUA2FuHr1jq0ld4QiaEROJBalVdrQs3SFKTk9ibTfXGFR5cBGpUMOVl8YP1bHyxZT9Jlp2ut1jO3H0Olib9iaTcaog/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/bUA2FuHr1jq0ld4QiaEROJBalVdrQs3SFKTk9ibTfXGFR5cBGpUMOVl8YP1bHyxZT9Jlp2ut1jO3H0Olib9iaTcaog/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2655133649_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "小风子桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "f924de28a8ed166070d0b7fe8ed0f542", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "名局赏析：一线之隔", "description": "战场之上，枪林弹雨，生与死不过就是一转眼的距离。桥牌赛场上，make与宕掉，其实也不过是一出手的距离。", @@ -11946,6 +12474,28 @@ "hash": "678aa6a3ac392f60cecb79f7bdecad68", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "20250718，高考分数！", + "description": "不在高峰时慕名而来，不在低谷时转身走开！2025年7月18日，周五。这几天，天气好了很多，不是那种闷热了。早", + "content": "
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\n \n \n \n \n 不在高峰时慕名而来，不在低谷时转身走开！\n \n \n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 2025年7月18日，周五\n \n \n \n \n 。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n
\n \n \n

\n
\n \n \n
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\n \n 这几天，天气好了很多，不是那种闷热了。\n \n

\n

\n \n
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\n

\n \n 早上出门，有一种秋高气爽的感觉了。\n \n

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\n \n
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\n \n 这两天，晚上走路，上去，就睡着了，都是第二天早上才把要做的事情做了。\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 。\n \n \n \n
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\n
\n \n \n
\n
\n \n
\n \n \n 看新闻，最近吵的比较多的，就是高考提前批的分数非常高，高到超过很多名校的分数。\n \n \n
\n
\n \n \n
\n \n \n
\n
\n \n \n 比如上海海关学校，分数非常高，主要原因就是毕业了就能进海关当公务员。\n \n \n
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\n \n \n
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\n
\n \n \n 还有师范类的，毕业就能当老师。\n \n \n
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\n \n \n 朋友说，有点回到几十年前中专比大学吃香的年代了。\n \n \n
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\n \n \n
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\n \n \n 包分配，是解决就业的一个手段，目前这个问题的症结也出在了就业上。\n \n \n
\n
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\n \n \n 但是，有一点比较可悲的是，如果读书只是为了就业，是没错，但是也错了。\n \n \n
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\n \n \n
\n \n \n
\n
\n \n \n 就业压力大，来源于经济大环境，当增速降下来的时候，就意味着增量变少了，增量变少了，就以为创造的新增就业岗位减少了。\n \n \n
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\n \n \n
\n \n \n
\n
\n \n \n 剩下的就是在存量里找结构，螺蛳壳里做道场，下的是细功夫和长功夫了。\n \n \n
\n
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\n \n \n 更难过的是，还有机器人替代。\n \n \n
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\n \n \n 所以，发展服务业是大势。\n \n \n
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\n \n \n
\n \n \n
\n
\n \n \n 而读书，跟当下的教育体系也是两个事情，不是上学就等于读书，读书就等于上学，教育归根结底是服务于经济的，培养的都是打工人。。\n \n \n \n
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\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/L4Z5oFhuCNs2UGWYFAHwaA", + "creator": "小风子桥牌", + "pubDate": "Tue, 22 Jul 2025 06:18:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/bUA2FuHr1jq0ld4QiaEROJBalVdrQs3SFKTk9ibTfXGFR5cBGpUMOVl8YP1bHyxZT9Jlp2ut1jO3H0Olib9iaTcaog/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/bUA2FuHr1jq0ld4QiaEROJBalVdrQs3SFKTk9ibTfXGFR5cBGpUMOVl8YP1bHyxZT9Jlp2ut1jO3H0Olib9iaTcaog/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2655133644_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "小风子桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "95ea8a33018b95f9a959cf9377bf6116", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "名局赏析：一决雌雄", "description": "刚接触这个词语的时候，很犹豫还没迷茫，雌雄这个东西不是一眼就看穿了嘛？怎么还要决？", @@ -11968,6 +12518,28 @@ "hash": "d6eb277b3badb76040232c1c19caf58c", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "20250717，委屈了！", + "description": "不在高峰时慕名而来，不在低谷时转身走开！2025年7月17日，周四。人受了委屈之后会怎么做？不同的人有不同的", + "content": "
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\n \n \n \n \n 不在高峰时慕名而来，不在低谷时转身走开！\n \n \n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 2025年7月17日，周四\n \n \n \n \n 。\n \n \n

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\n \n 人受了委屈之后会怎么做？\n \n

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\n \n
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\n \n 不同的人有不同的表现，有的人会当场发泄情绪，有的人会事后找人发泄情绪，有的人会默默独自承受。\n \n

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\n \n
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\n \n 娃妈最近就因为工作觉得受了委屈，明明干了很多活，却没有收获应有的善意。。\n \n

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\n \n \n 。\n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 但偏偏，这就是世间常态。\n \n \n
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\n \n \n 一生行善的人真的会善终吗？不见得。相反，大家常常见到的是坏人反而活的更好。\n \n \n
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\n \n \n 人生的玄妙就在于此。\n \n \n
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\n \n \n 为了宽慰人心，所有很多玄学都说什么来生再报。\n \n \n
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\n \n \n 个人的理解是，每个人的善恶是不同的，善恶的起始和终点也都各不相同，以一个标准去划分和要求，不见得是善还是恶了。\n \n \n
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\n \n \n 在个人，立心之本，找准了，坚持下去，然后还能散放光芒，这就够了。\n \n \n
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\n \n \n 在大局，则需要用各种规矩来约束了。\n \n \n
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\n \n \n 延续昨天的三种人的讨论，委屈也是如此，因为付出总不是都有回报，而且回报也不见得是等比例的。\n \n \n
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\n \n \n 要做的就是，吃一堑长一智，但是不能忘了本心。\n \n \n \n
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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/GvWVEd4MfNrlwEd-Naym4w", + "creator": "小风子桥牌", + "pubDate": "Mon, 21 Jul 2025 06:18:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/bUA2FuHr1jq0ld4QiaEROJBalVdrQs3SFKTk9ibTfXGFR5cBGpUMOVl8YP1bHyxZT9Jlp2ut1jO3H0Olib9iaTcaog/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/bUA2FuHr1jq0ld4QiaEROJBalVdrQs3SFKTk9ibTfXGFR5cBGpUMOVl8YP1bHyxZT9Jlp2ut1jO3H0Olib9iaTcaog/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2655133639_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "小风子桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "1d24dd5a9d6913bedf3632b53b1a3537", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "名局赏析：萝卜萝卜配", "description": "“爸爸，我们来玩一个游戏。”“好啊。”“这游戏叫萝卜萝卜配。你这样，这样。好了，我们开始了哈，你就出这个，我出这个。", @@ -11990,6 +12562,28 @@ "hash": "59c86969fcbb7bd03406b5cdc624859c", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "戴上它，5米之内默默无“蚊”！", + "description": "是什么让你感受夏天的来临？爆冰，蝉鸣，短裙、西瓜，烧烤.....不，还有蚊子！这种日日担心被“谋害”的情绪...", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 是什么让你感受夏天的来临？\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 爆冰，蝉鸣，短裙、西瓜，烧烤.....不，还有蚊子！\n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 这种日日担心被“谋害”的情绪，简直不能更痛苦。\n \n \n \n \n 然而这小规模攻击，显然只是前戏，夏味愈浓，一大波蚊子正在赶来路上\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 脑补那嗡嗡的叫声，\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 痛痒难耐的大包，整个人都不好了...\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 不少伙伴已经中招儿了，\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 已经被蛰了好几个红疙瘩.....\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 被蚊子叮了就留疤\n \n \n \n 的体质，\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 满腿伤痕的度过夏天，怎么也美不起来了…\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 成年人尚且还能忍受这种不可描述的瘙痒，可是当宝妈们看到，自己的心肝身上有“小红包”时，真是分分钟要崩溃啊！\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 电蚊拍考验手速；\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 用杀虫剂会附着在衣物上；\n \n \n \n \n 电蚊香闻久了难受，会增加呼吸道感染的风险。\n \n \n \n \n \n 蚊帐麻烦就不说了还有可能圈养蚊子，好像都不是那么尽如人意。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 这些驱蚊界的小角色已经败下阵来，那难道我们真的就对可恶的蚊子束手无策了吗?!\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 在搜寻和测试了无数驱蚊、灭蚊产品后，小编我终于找到了一款完美的\n \n \n \n \n “驱蚊神器\n \n \n \n ”\n \n \n \n ——\n \n \n \n \n Dirose迪洛思智能超声波驱蚊手环\n \n \n \n 。\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 物理驱蚊 安全环保\n \n \n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 行走的蚊帐 3米开外没蚊子\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n Dirose迪洛思驱蚊手环，是一款通过纯物理驱蚊的黑科技产品。小巧玲珑，随身携带，\n \n \n \n \n 人称“行走的蚊帐”。\n \n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 在自然界里，吸血的都是雌蚊子，且都处于受孕产卵期。在这个阶段，雌蚊子会躲避雄蚊子，避免二次受孕。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 而Dirose迪洛思驱蚊手环，\n \n \n \n \n 采用科学变频交叉扫描，\n \n \n \n \n 通过模拟雌蚊子讨厌的声音，比如雄蚊子、蜻蜓拍动翅膀的声音，让蚊子听见“绕着你走”~\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 由手环发出特定频率的声音，形成5-7平米的保护范围，\n \n \n \n \n 高效驱赶身边 70%-80% 的蚊虫。\n \n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 这种无毒的电子声波的驱蚊方式，\n \n \n \n 不产生辐射，\n \n \n \n 对人体无害，老人、孩子、孕妇都可以佩戴。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 相比于市面上的各种杀虫喷雾剂、蚊香、电蚊拍、电热蚊香液要\n \n \n \n 安全多了！\n \n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 老人和小孩身体脆弱、抵抗力差，很容易在使用这类驱蚊产品的过程中，遭受不同程度的伤害。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 由此可见，对宝宝而言，\n \n \n \n \n 安全、有效、靠谱\n \n \n \n \n 的驱蚊方法就是物理驱蚊——\n \n \n \n \n Dirose迪洛思超声波驱蚊手环。\n \n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 充电30分钟待机15天 划算哭\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 这款驱蚊手环还\n \n \n \n \n 支持快速充电，\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 充30分钟的电，能续航工作130h之外，还能超长待机15天\n \n \n \n \n

\n
\n
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\n \n
\n
\n
\n

\n \n \n 就是说，充一次电，撑一次户外活动完全没有问题。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 充电的时候，需要把手环的腕带和表盘拆开，在表盘的顶部充电，也是相当方便的。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 如此安全又有效的Dirose迪洛思驱蚊手环，给家里大人、小孩配一个，\n \n \n \n \n 让大家一起在这安全无害的保护层~\n \n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 3\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 3档模式 任意场景智能驱蚊\n \n \n \n

\n
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\n \n \n 一款优秀的产品总是\n \n \n \n \n 在细节中考虑的很周到，\n \n \n \n \n Dirose迪洛思驱蚊手环，贴心设计了三档身处不同环境的驱蚊档位。\n \n \n

\n
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\n \n \n LED指示灯下方的Y字孔是声波发射器，发射雌蚊子讨厌的声波。\n \n \n

\n
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\n \n \n 驱蚊手环的电源按钮在侧面，按一次启动一档，以此类推，再按关闭电源，\n \n \n \n \n 操作简单。\n \n \n \n \n

\n
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\n \n \n 一档适用于日常室内，二档适用于室外野营、钓鱼、公园，三档适用于午休、夜间睡眠时刻。\n \n \n

\n
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\n

\n \n \n \n 1.日常室内用1档\n \n \n \n

\n
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\n \n \n 天一热本来就容易心烦气躁，好不容易静下心来想好好工作一下，不一会儿手上脚上被叮了好几个包！\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 戴上Dirose迪洛思驱蚊手环，开启第一档的驱蚊模式，办公室的蚊子离我远远的，再也不受蚊子的“宠爱”了。\n \n \n

\n
\n
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\n \n \n \n 2.户外活动2挡\n \n \n \n

\n
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\n \n \n 外出郊游、户外野炊、爬山、钓鱼、露营等户外活动，随身携带在手上，让你和家人摆脱蚊虫困扰~\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 快速充电、超长待机的功能，户外露营不受蚊子困扰，畅快过夏。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n ▲以上两档声音对人的干扰都不大，放在耳边才能听到，可以根据使用场景的不同来切换档位，非常人性化~\n \n \n

\n
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\n \n \n \n 3.夜间开启静音\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 房间里放一个Dirose迪洛思驱蚊手环，再也没有蚊虫侵扰，没有“嗡嗡”的烦人叫声，只有安静舒适的睡眠环境，让你舒舒服服一觉天明~\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 4\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 专利设计 防尘防水\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 一款好用又时尚的驱蚊手环，非Dirose迪洛思莫属啦，还获得了\n \n \n \n \n 国家外观设计的专利~\n \n \n \n \n

\n
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\n \n \n 驱蚊手环设计结构精细，\n \n \n \n \n 达到IP65级国际防尘防水的标准，\n \n \n \n \n 洗手、雨淋，手环都不受损害，一点也不妨碍手环的驱蚊效果。\n \n \n \n \n ps：不要泡在水里哦~\n \n \n

\n
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\n \n \n 腕带上有多个孔眼的设计，能够匹配各种粗细、大小的手腕，儿童、成人都适合佩戴。\n \n \n

\n
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\n \n \n 操作也是简单轻易上手。先来看界面，驱蚊手环上有个LED指示灯，代表什么意思呢？\n \n \n

\n
\n
\n

\n \n \n · 显示\n \n \n \n \n 蓝色\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n ，驱蚊工作指示，每隔10秒闪烁一次，表示在驱蚊。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n · 显示\n \n \n \n \n 绿色\n \n \n \n \n ，充电完成指示。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n · 显示\n \n \n \n \n 红色\n \n \n \n \n ，表示在充电。\n \n \n

\n
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\n \n \n 有了这款黑科技驱蚊手环的保护，外出游玩就妥妥的安心吧，\n \n \n \n \n 全家人都能畅快过一“夏”了！\n \n \n \n \n

\n
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\n \n \n 夏天驱蚊打开的正确方式\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 就是这款Dirose迪洛思驱蚊手环\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 安全、环保、方便\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 是“行走的隐形防护罩”\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 保护你的无蚊夏日\n \n \n \n \n

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\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/A50O46otCqXL6BO5-IuYOw", + "creator": "小风子桥牌", + "pubDate": "Sun, 20 Jul 2025 06:18:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/La6QLcCe4DrPoOOFGFACMJO1AmUTqF5vBsvQQfaYdlQTNFEzsRycvWL22mZPW5icptxEsscVyvR5xVM63CE63Lw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/La6QLcCe4DrPoOOFGFACMJO1AmUTqF5vBsvQQfaYdlQTNFEzsRycvWL22mZPW5icptxEsscVyvR5xVM63CE63Lw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2655133634_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "小风子桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "851e4139a302dcb366e7d5b5a30d4a98", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "20250716，你是哪一种？", "description": "不在高峰时慕名而来，不在低谷时转身走开！2025年7月16日，周三。周二，下雨了。前一晚，出门走路，回来想着", @@ -12012,6 +12606,28 @@ "hash": "3f06cd660e3747d40a683bb8f6e03728", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "名局赏析：加倍还不逃", + "description": "加倍是一个很有趣的定约。含义十分丰富，但通常在最后关头的加倍都是惩罚的意思。", + "content": "
\n

\n \n 加倍是一个很有趣的定约。\n \n

\n
\n \n \n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 含义十分丰富，但通常在最后关头的加倍都是惩罚的意思。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 有了惩罚，大多数情况下，牌手都会选择逃叫，选择一个更加安全的定约来坐庄，但偏偏就有人加倍也不逃。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 牌例：\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n
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\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 叫牌过程如下：\n \n

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\n \n
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\n \n
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\n

\n \n 面对东家开叫的1方块，南家虽为方块单张，但在本方有局且仅有8点大牌的情况下“二盖一”争叫2草花确实欠妥，更何况其手中还有四张高花；\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 而面对西家的惩罚性“轻加倍”，北家也未“逃叫”。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 事实上，南-北方可以轻松地做成3红桃定约。\n \n

\n

\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 西家首攻红桃Q，赢得后面对明手的牌，西家敏锐地意识到：\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 庄家至多仅有单张方块，而方块K和红桃A-K理应是在同伴(东家)手中，因此防守方的明景并不美妙。\n \n

\n

\n \n
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\n

\n \n 西家出方块3给东家的方块K得进；\n \n

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\n \n
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\n

\n \n 东家兑现红桃A-K，西家其间并未随手垫去两张黑桃，而是极有远见地相继垫掉方块9和方块A！东家打出方块2，庄家用草花9将吃。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 在此西家若以草花Q盖吃，则庄家就将毫无困难地拿到剩下的各墩牌。\n \n

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\n \n
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\n \n 西家继续进行其防守杀招——垫出黑桃2。\n \n

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\n

\n \n 庄家打出草花2吊将，西家果断地打出草花Q赢得，接着再打出黑桃4投入明手。\n \n

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\n \n
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\n \n 至此防守方已拿到三墩红心、一墩方块和一墩草花将牌，\n \n

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\n \n 并且形成如下残局：\n \n

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\n \n 在此局面下，不论庄家从明手打出什么，定约都将必宕无疑！\n \n

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\n \n
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\n

\n \n 因为庄家将无法避免再丢失一墩将牌给西家。\n \n

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\n

\n \n 在这副牌的比赛中将对方的定约加倍击宕一墩、拿到200分，无疑是东西两家所能取得的最佳战绩。\n \n

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\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 这里需要强调指出的是：\n \n

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\n \n 在东家相继兑现红桃A-K时，西家果断垫掉方块9和方块A的打法绝非卖弄显能，而是防守方得以击败定约之关键！\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 假若西家在此间随手垫出两张小黑桃，那么在设想东家随即回出小方块的情形下，庄家就可在手中的草花2将吃后兑现掉明手的黑桃A-K并续出第三轮方块给手中的草花7将吃；\n \n

\n

\n \n
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\n \n 庄家接着打出手中的第三张黑桃，明手以草花5将吃，\n \n

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\n \n
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\n

\n \n 即可形成如下残局：\n \n

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\n \n
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\n

\n \n 至此，防守方虽然拿到一墩方块和三墩红心，并且还肯定能够再拿到一墩将牌，但是定约去已铁打不宕了。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 因为庄家只需从明手打出方块Q垫去手中的红桃J，就将使西家落入“投入”陷阱——西家将被迫将吃并回出将牌，送给庄家的草花A-K-9拿到最后三墩。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 进一步讲，即便西家在将吃后回出草花Q，顶掉明手的草花J并迫使庄家以草花A或草花K得进，但是庄家只要续出另一个顶张大将牌击落东家的草花10，即可使手中的草花9成为完成定约所需的第八墩牌。\n \n

\n

\n \n \n

\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/veuNc9GQO_UQfL1TcSHkgg", + "creator": "小风子桥牌", + "pubDate": "Fri, 18 Jul 2025 06:18:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/La6QLcCe4DrPoOOFGFACMJO1AmUTqF5vm0icF0T0IrteSTmR3acaibBibJBOYicewlBVg0nfcZfiavNBtNOSwT164lA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/La6QLcCe4DrPoOOFGFACMJO1AmUTqF5vm0icF0T0IrteSTmR3acaibBibJBOYicewlBVg0nfcZfiavNBtNOSwT164lA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2655133624_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "小风子桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "670d8a6f83e0bd792a958eafc2d21119", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "20250715，逛荡与外卖！", "description": "不在高峰时慕名而来，不在低谷时转身走开！2025年7月15日，周二。上周末，早早起来，去TS玩。娃上周并不怎", @@ -12034,6 +12650,28 @@ "hash": "144f0524cb3282737e0b5b61f49e24d7", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "名局赏析：很危险啊", + "description": "今天微信公众号后台的时候，吃了一惊，怎么会比往常热闹了一点呢？难道是看的人多了，粉丝涨了？", + "content": "
\n

\n \n 今天微信公众号后台的时候，吃了一惊，怎么会比往常热闹了一点呢？难道是看的人多了，粉丝涨了？\n \n

\n
\n \n \n
\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 点开一看，原来是对昨天牌例的质疑，恩，大家都是火眼金睛啊，昨天的牌发错了，北家缺门草花的。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 一开始的欣喜就变成了懊恼，怎么这么不仔细，又一想，原来还是有人在看的。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 恩呢，以后努力哦！\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 送上今天的哈。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 牌例：\n \n

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\n \n
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\n
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\n

\n \n 叫牌过程如下：\n \n

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\n \n
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\n
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\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 西家首攻S8，明手放小，庄家以手中的S10赢得。\n \n

\n

\n \n
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\n

\n \n 在此，庄家敏锐地意识到：\n \n

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\n \n
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\n

\n \n 若要完成定约就需树立明手的方块套，由于西家在有局的情况下争叫，因此几乎可以肯定除SK-J之外西家还会持有HA；\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 这里的危险在于，如果DK在东家手中，那么先动方块就会使防守方在时效上占先树立起黑桃。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 鉴于此，庄家在第二轮打出H4，西家跟出H2，明手以HK赢得并续出草花，庄家以CA进手后才打出DQ，结果发现西家竟为方块缺门并垫出C8；\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 东家以DK进手回出红心，西家以HA吃进后再出红心给东家的HQ-9赢得，至此防守方共拿到一墩方块与三墩红心。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 东家换攻黑桃，但定约已不可能被击败：\n \n

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\n \n
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\n

\n \n 庄家以SA吃住后兑现CK及方块赢张，从而拿到两墩黑桃、一墩红心、四墩方块和两墩草花，出色地完成定约。\n \n

\n

\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 在另一室中，最终定约是由北家主打3D，尽管庄家也完成了定约，但得分不高。\n \n

\n

\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 庄家的做庄路线的确高明。\n \n

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\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 试想庄家在第轮出牌时先动方块，那么东家在DK进手后只要续出黑桃，即可击败定约。\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 因为庄家在SA赢得后，尽管可以拿到四墩方块和两墩草花，但却总共只有八墩牌；\n \n

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\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 而在他此后打出红心时，西家便会立即用HA吃住并再拿到三墩黑桃。毋庸赘述，当庄家在第二轮打出H4时，西家即使扑上HA也将无济于事。\n \n

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\n \n 因为从西家手中打出黑桃不仅不会对定约方构成威胁，而且还会使庄家超额完成定约。\n \n

\n

\n \n \n

\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/ivo0mbarZeKBsINgf4appw", + "creator": "小风子桥牌", + "pubDate": "Thu, 17 Jul 2025 06:18:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/La6QLcCe4Dqz705644pknuurez3IibcTVBVqmA3RfJlmIqLw3vhRg8swEibl5Y4mnRXOcQEpGON7eDzDIgqnf93g/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/La6QLcCe4Dqz705644pknuurez3IibcTVBVqmA3RfJlmIqLw3vhRg8swEibl5Y4mnRXOcQEpGON7eDzDIgqnf93g/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2655133619_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "小风子桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "157dcbec78cb108a977f598bd02be876", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "20250714，正常态，怎么办？", "description": "不在高峰时慕名而来，不在低谷时转身走开！2025年7月14日，周一。闷热的天气越来越像南方了。每天早上出门，", @@ -12056,6 +12694,28 @@ "hash": "c964ffdefd0aa6a0919a3297ac4bd717", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "名局赏析：一副高达2000英镑的牌！", + "description": "继续名局赏析系列。文章有偿阅读，付费自愿，包年24.24，还可按使用手册及下图方式支持小风子。", + "content": "
\n

\n \n 继续名局赏析系列。\n \n

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\n \n
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\n
\n \n \n 文章有偿阅读，付费自愿，包年24.24，还可按使用手册及下图方式支持小风子。\n \n \n
\n
\n \n \n
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\n \n \n 具体可见：\n \n \n \n \n \n 小风子桥牌使用手册\n \n \n \n
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\n \n 今天要给大家分享的是一副高达2000英镑的牌例。\n \n

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\n \n 为什么这么说？\n \n

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\n \n \n \n 因为早些时候，桥牌是具有DB性质的。\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 当时的牌手们喜欢带点彩金来打牌。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 最被人熟知的，其实就是《泰坦尼克号》杰克通过桥牌DB，赢得了那张船票，才上演了那么一场旷世之恋。\n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 今天的这副牌，是意大利与英国之间的对抗。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 意大利一方是贝拉唐纳和格罗嗦。\n \n \n

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\n \n 英国一方则是弗林特和凯西诺，他们坐南北。\n \n

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\n \n 北家开叫，双方有局。\n \n \n
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\n \n 北家选择不叫，东家1红心，南家不叫，西家2红心。\n \n

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\n \n 北家加倍，东家4红心，南家4黑桃，西家加倍。\n \n

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\n \n 最终南家打4黑桃加倍定约。\n \n

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\n \n 西家首攻红心K，续出红心5，明手将吃。\n \n

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\n \n 这时候，庄家选择飞黑桃，西家Q吃进，打方块。\n \n \n
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\n \n 东家A吃进，再出方块。\n \n

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\n \n 南家K吃进，打草花到明手A，西跟小，东家出Q。\n \n

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\n \n
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\n \n 随后，庄家选择清将，打完将牌后，发现西家有4个黑桃。\n \n \n
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\n \n 然后，庄家必须要处理草花了。\n \n

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\n \n 如果是你，你会选择飞嘛？\n \n

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\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 庄家选择的是飞，然而被东家吃进，定约宕四。\n \n \n
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\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 现在，你可以回头去看看，怎么才能更好的来应付这个1分1英镑的牌局？\n \n \n
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\n \n
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\n

\n \n 飞丢的后果实在太可怕。\n \n \n
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\n \n
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\n

\n \n 如果可以先不打完将牌，而是先打两轮草花，会不会更好呢？\n \n

\n

\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 宕二是一个不错的结果吧。\n \n

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\n \n
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\n

\n \n 全牌如下：\n \n \n
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\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/Ih6RBKQqNd0JW4aSf3UqnA", + "creator": "小风子桥牌", + "pubDate": "Wed, 16 Jul 2025 06:18:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/La6QLcCe4DrSFfPkAufR2yiaYGZqj6SZiazZ8o3FFTEMhVay1AAibZLc8hQTNXOtwgCW74SAk5bdAAQsgTDOFIUkw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/La6QLcCe4DrSFfPkAufR2yiaYGZqj6SZiazZ8o3FFTEMhVay1AAibZLc8hQTNXOtwgCW74SAk5bdAAQsgTDOFIUkw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2655133614_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "小风子桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "c50474f4a20f09905a23f5e3b06dab4f", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "20250711,看远了会怎样？", "description": "不在高峰时慕名而来，不在低谷时转身走开！2025年7月11日，周五。周三，下雨，出门的时候看着还好好的。一直", @@ -14313,6 +14973,28 @@ "image": "http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/iauJ3TcMNYDQ33jO8a2zUczSSicibichw0bpGfYAkiaIRTKsGIKPOPFdBVOCiaug6swiaLbg17pPyNPp1xL2Hw2EE84AA/0?wx_fmt=png", "description": "", "items": [ + { + "title": "综锦赛练兵 中国老年队世锦赛争创佳绩", + "description": "​", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 全国桥牌综合锦标赛\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 2025年全国桥牌综合锦标赛正在上海汽车会展中心举行，即将出征世锦赛的中国老年队参加了瑞士制团体赛和VP双人赛，教练吕奕行表示，队伍参赛是为世锦赛练兵，将力争在世锦赛上取得好成绩。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 中国老年队参加全国桥牌综合锦标赛为世锦赛练兵，队员李庆良、教练吕奕行、戴建伟、周松鹤、翁建强、郑一心、梁一雄（从左至右）\n \n \n

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\n \n 据吕奕行介绍，中国老年队最终确定的阵容为郑一心/梁一雄、周松鹤/翁建强、戴建伟/李庆良，其中前两对搭档都是新组合，6名队员中只有梁一雄曾经代表中国老年队参加过世锦赛，其余5人都是首次参加，是地道的世锦赛新兵。为了加强新搭档和队伍的磨合，队伍已经进行了线上训练，担任翻译兼技术顾问的孙旭东为队伍整理了对手们的体系，帮助队员们了解对手情况。\n \n

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\n \n
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\n \n 队伍将于8月16日从上海出发前往世锦赛比赛地点丹麦，刚好全国桥牌综合锦标赛在上海举行，于是队伍就安排了队员们参赛，通过实战加紧练兵。\n \n

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\n \n \n 梁一雄（左）与郑一心在比赛中练兵\n \n \n

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\n \n 吕奕行说，这支中国老年队的训练和参赛得到了上海市长宁区体育局和长宁区桥牌协会的大力支持，此次参赛费用全部由长宁区体育局承担。队伍此前通过在合肥举行的第54届亚太桥牌锦标赛拿到了世锦赛参赛资格，大家都非常珍惜这次宝贵的参赛机会，一定会在比赛中争取发挥出自身水平，力争好成绩。\n \n

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\n \n \n 周松鹤在比赛中\n \n \n

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\n \n 队员周松鹤表示，经过亚太赛的历练，自己面对即将到来的世锦赛大考丝毫不紧张。他说，自己与翁建强虽然是新搭档，但作为老牌手都相互了解，现在要做的就是尽快磨合，在实际比赛中达到默契。世锦赛参赛机会难得，自己一定会与队友们把握机会，争取有好的表现，理想的比赛预期目标是进入前八。\n \n

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\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 吕奕行说，队员们打完此次全国综合锦标赛，就在上海进行休整，8月16日全队出征世锦赛，提前两天出发是为了给队员们倒时差和身体调整的时间。总之，队伍一定会全力以赴打好比赛，争取好成绩。\n \n

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\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/JSh_U_4tz2qtGP9P5lahjA", + "creator": "中国桥牌协会", + "pubDate": "Wed, 13 Aug 2025 20:36:46 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax6ic1DblvloJgnWPbcIBjZllZSNJR4IdzYNwAorbK6RdnwJ13JsbbKJVPGQv8aJOH9Kc3mRDGpnXaw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax6ic1DblvloJgnWPbcIBjZllZSNJR4IdzYNwAorbK6RdnwJ13JsbbKJVPGQv8aJOH9Kc3mRDGpnXaw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2651311248_3", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "中国桥牌协会", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "7063d98bbb43f62bfa982e049d1029b5", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "“奔跑吧·少年”小牌手风采——吕佳宸", "description": "智慧奔跑，赴成长之约！", @@ -14335,6 +15017,28 @@ "hash": "8ff147836dfc2da8828adcea7b26f3a6", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "桥牌综锦赛混团结束 湖北队夺冠", + "description": "桥牌综锦赛混团结束 湖北队夺冠", + "content": "
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\n \n \n \n 8月13日，正在上海汽车会展中心举行的2025年全国桥牌综合锦标赛结束了混合团体赛的争夺，\n \n \n 湖北队\n \n \n 在冠军争夺战中取胜北京恒洲，\n \n \n 成功捧得冠军奖杯\n \n \n 。\n \n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 混合团体赛决赛\n \n \n 分为四节共打48副牌，湖北队发挥出色，前两节连胜，以80比23大比分领先，第三节和第四节北京恒洲反击成功，连扳回两节，但最终湖北队以107比89领先，从而夺得冠军，北京恒洲屈居亚军。季军争夺战进行了两节共24副牌的比拼，结果北京如海取得了两节比赛的胜利，以58比22击败对手战马，成功登上了领奖台，战马名列第四。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 中国桥牌协会副主席徐建国与上海市桥牌协会会长戴柳共同为混合团体赛前三名颁奖\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 混合双人赛\n \n \n \n \n 共有189对378名选手参加，经过预赛、复赛和决赛三个阶段的争夺，育新科技的陈燕青/张伟、JJ比赛的练丹红/田伟强、早秋嘉定的顾学军/孙玉玲最终获得了前三名。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 中国桥牌协会副主席徐建国为混合双人赛前三名颁奖\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 晋级瑞士制团体赛\n \n \n \n \n 决赛的24支队伍经过了6轮共48副牌的较量，成功站上领奖台的三支队伍分别是：业之峰、博思软件、北京XYZ。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 上海市桥牌协会会长戴柳为瑞士制团体赛前三名颁奖\n \n \n

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\n \n \n VP双人赛\n \n \n 共有115对230名选手参加，经过全天14轮共42副牌的交锋，最终获得前三名的队伍分别是：天王队的刘因延/许绰伦、智娱队的滑亚妹/陈旻昱、永恒队的周振海/杨戈宁。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 上海市桥牌协会副秘书长丁建华为VP双人赛前三名颁奖\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 赛后举行了颁奖仪式，中国桥牌协会副主席徐建国和上海市桥牌协会会长戴柳共同为混合团体赛优胜队颁奖，徐建国为混合双人赛优胜队颁奖，戴柳为瑞士制团体赛优胜队颁奖，上海市桥牌协会副秘书长丁建华则为获得VP双人赛前三名的队伍颁奖。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 8月14日，比赛将迎来第七个比赛日，公开团体赛和女子团体赛同时开打，其中公开团体赛有103支队伍报名，女子团体赛有28支参赛队。青年团体赛U26组、青年团体赛U21组、青年瑞士制团体赛U26组和青年双人赛U16组四个组别将全部收官。\n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/50DDDn8dr2c60sCanmBUaA", + "creator": "中国桥牌协会", + "pubDate": "Wed, 13 Aug 2025 20:36:46 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax6ic1DblvloJgnWPbcIBjZllW1RicOUS1L6w1HzDHkeGwlEW6hzXLficvCXMPngIqRjqEFQiaic50oJQiag/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax6ic1DblvloJgnWPbcIBjZllW1RicOUS1L6w1HzDHkeGwlEW6hzXLficvCXMPngIqRjqEFQiaic50oJQiag/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2651311248_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "中国桥牌协会", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "ccc8953b5a7a2c9be202fb457b63d98d", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "周卫：闵行桥协脚踏实地做桥牌青训", "description": "周卫：闵行桥协脚踏实地做桥牌青训", @@ -14357,6 +15061,28 @@ "hash": "1f11f46415e7c3b41a103687f3381502", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "屈枫：太仓奇力小队员还需努力", + "description": "屈枫：太仓奇力小队员还需努力", + "content": "
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\n \n \n \n 全国桥牌综合锦标赛\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 参加2025年全国桥牌综合锦标赛青年团体赛U16公开组的太仓奇力队只有四名小队员，而且都是第一次参加全国比赛，领队兼教练的屈枫表示，小队员们还需要努力，需要接受更加系统而严格的训练。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 太仓奇力队合影，队员杜昕恒、王钰轩、领队兼教练屈枫、吴晨雨、倪家铭（从左至右）\n \n \n \n

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\n \n 这支队伍来自全国唯一的“桥牌之乡”江苏太仓，四名小牌手是杜昕恒、王钰轩、吴晨雨、倪家铭，都是太仓市荣文小学的小学生，是基层桥牌老师蔡志强带出来的好苗子。他们在太仓市、苏州市乃至江苏省的桥牌比赛多次获得了小学生组冠军，是同龄人中的佼佼者。此次队伍由太仓市桥牌协会副会长、桥牌教练屈枫率队参赛。屈枫说，希望这几个孩子通过参赛得到锻炼。\n \n

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\n \n 太仓距离上海50多公里，虽然不太远，但为了减少孩子们在路上的时间，同时节省孩子们的参赛费用，屈枫在距离赛场不太远的地方找了个民宿，每天开车带着孩子们往返住处和赛场。把孩子们送进赛场后，屈枫就在赛场外的休息区坐等，比赛结束后带他们吃饭，晚上给他们进行复盘，讲解桥牌技术。\n \n

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\n \n 最终这支队伍在青年团体赛U16公开组69支参赛队中名列第三十，在71支参赛队参加的青年瑞士团体赛U16组中名列第二十七，按说已经是不错的表现了，但是屈枫认为打得不够好，在比赛中暴露出一些不足。他说，这些孩子的确都是很好的苗子，此次比赛结束回去后，他要对这些孩子们进行更加系统而严格的训练，训练方式是线上线下相结合。\n \n

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\n \n 屈枫介绍说，太仓市桥牌协会始终重视抓青少年桥牌普及推广工作，目前太仓市第一中学、实验中学、高级中学都有桥牌队，对于其中好的苗子都会进行重点培养，就是希望太仓桥牌能够更好地传承下去。\n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/hXtkdvMBAztjj9QYPLdPQQ", + "creator": "中国桥牌协会", + "pubDate": "Tue, 12 Aug 2025 21:17:40 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax4ibe2hibA10pnqVWSRibPY2WkaDmLiaGUdlsDJ0bj6RFo8Z9ACzPZibhrtlIjZemqBh5TRrj6QrWPmtLQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax4ibe2hibA10pnqVWSRibPY2WkaDmLiaGUdlsDJ0bj6RFo8Z9ACzPZibhrtlIjZemqBh5TRrj6QrWPmtLQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2651311223_6", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "中国桥牌协会", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "f0f1e28d58c83ad25f70b1af6be941ab", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "唐涤飞：乐于为天津桥牌青训提供助力", "description": "​", @@ -14379,6 +15105,28 @@ "hash": "8349bb25b1ea352e31ba5576635bc0c8", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "海南海花岛桥牌大奖赛筹备告竣 静待桥友到来", + "description": "海南海花岛桥牌大奖赛筹备告竣 静待桥友到来", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 由儋州市旅游和文化广电体育局和海花岛环球智力运动嘉年华组委会主办的\n \n 海南海花岛2025-2026年度首季桥牌大奖赛\n \n 将于8月20日-31日在海南海花岛举办。比赛包括\n \n 公开团体赛、老年团体赛和青少年团体赛\n \n 三个比赛项目。\n \n \n

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\n \n 日前组委会表示，赛事核心保障与配套服务均落实到位，各项准备工作现已基本完成，诚邀桥牌爱好者前往参赛。\n \n

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\n \n 组委会表示，本次比赛的赛事总奖金60万元已落实到位，组委会将严格依据竞赛规程，于赛后现场完成奖金发放。创新性旅居奖励已完成房源锁定，配套保洁、管家服务等细则均已明确。赛事奖杯、桥牌器具等实体礼品亦已运抵赛区。\n \n

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\n \n 针对前期成功报名队伍专设的 “三重礼”已全面备妥：两室一厅精品公寓单日居住权预约通道已建立、全队定制赛事文化衫完成尺码分装入库、水上王国及海洋乐园7折电子门票生成系统完成测试。报名队伍在资格审核通过后，可通过简易流程即时申领。\n \n

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\n \n 全域配套服务畅通，组委会协同多方资源提供便利支持，交通、住宿等优惠政策（如南航机票9折、欧堡酒店赛事专属价格补贴等）持续有效，保障参赛队伍便捷出行、舒适入住。\n \n

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\n \n 赛场筹备也进入了终验阶段，目前海花岛国际会议中心已完成竞赛牌桌及电子计分系统调试、裁判组/医疗站全岗点人员培训、志愿者服务体系全流程演练。\n \n

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\n \n 赛事报名通道将持续开放至8月16日，确保所有参赛队伍均可享受赛事权益。期待各位桥友把握机会，踊跃报名，共赴这场桥牌盛会。\n \n

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\n \n 赛事详情及报名通道请前往中国桥牌网地方赛事专题页查看。赛事咨询：张先生 15732153248。\n \n

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\n \n \n \n 赛事组委会客服\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 赛事领队群\n \n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/NGYOPoQ7mbHXKT1E0-rQgA", + "creator": "中国桥牌协会", + "pubDate": "Tue, 12 Aug 2025 21:17:40 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax4ibe2hibA10pnqVWSRibPY2WkHQXicAeEUDnylN40IgBECwGsfokgd8mhSGvK0Kps0QAnCEvzjF8ElwQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax4ibe2hibA10pnqVWSRibPY2WkHQXicAeEUDnylN40IgBECwGsfokgd8mhSGvK0Kps0QAnCEvzjF8ElwQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2651311223_4", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "中国桥牌协会", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "62fb91055c5aa47762ff358b4fdededf", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "中国桥牌协会关于“北京世园公园杯”2025年全国桥牌俱乐部锦标赛的补充通知", "description": "中国桥牌协会关于“北京世园公园杯”2025年全国桥牌俱乐部锦标赛的补充通知", @@ -14401,6 +15149,28 @@ "hash": "7a62fdfd0ff6318758509da530d235a1", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "“奔跑吧·少年”小牌手风采——王若谷", + "description": "智慧奔跑，赴成长之约！", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 由国家体育总局棋牌运动管理中心、中国桥牌协会主办的“奔跑吧·少年”桥牌系列赛事活动自启动以来，得到了广泛关注与积极参与。通过全国桥牌少年智慧接力赛、全国桥牌青少年夏令营以及桥牌“进校园”等赛事活动开展，为青少年桥牌爱好者搭建友谊之“桥”、快乐之“桥”。\n \n \n

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\n \n 望小牌手们以梦为马，不负韶华，智慧奔跑，赴成长之约！\n \n \n
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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/_olrblKjGzirLVcvRar7Og", + "creator": "中国桥牌协会", + "pubDate": "Tue, 12 Aug 2025 21:17:40 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax4ibe2hibA10pnqVWSRibPY2WkibKDd8EBcAxkeT43FAUEibpJfyynP0J4z2mCOhWj3Vp5EEoj3pKRmk2Q/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax4ibe2hibA10pnqVWSRibPY2WkibKDd8EBcAxkeT43FAUEibpJfyynP0J4z2mCOhWj3Vp5EEoj3pKRmk2Q/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2651311223_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "中国桥牌协会", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "baa27b1aade5ac81bdd554b5943daf3d", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "桥牌综锦赛赛程过半 混团决赛队伍产生", "description": "桥牌综锦赛赛程过半 混团决赛队伍产生", @@ -14423,6 +15193,28 @@ "hash": "0df2df8ea72cd062b051ec4a19536643", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "重磅开赛！第四届全民健身线上运动会暨2025“我要上智运”·全民棋牌全国网络大赛邀您参赛！", + "description": "重磅开赛！第四届全民健身线上运动会暨2025“我要上智运”·全民棋牌全国网络大赛邀您参赛！", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 年年方寸论高下，岁岁江湖会友朋——\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 第四届全民健身线上运动会暨2025“我要上智运”·全民棋牌全国网络大赛\n \n ，如约而至！桥牌第1场网络海选赛即将于8月16日开赛，更多详细信息请见竞赛规程，欢迎广大桥牌爱好者踊跃参赛！\n \n

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\n \n \n \n 第四届全民健身线上运动会暨2025“我要上智运”·全民棋牌全国网络大赛桥牌竞赛规程\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 一、主办单位\n \n \n

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\n \n 国家体育总局群众体育司\n \n

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\n \n 中华全国体育总会群众体育部\n \n

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\n \n 国家体育总局棋牌运动管理中心\n \n

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\n \n 中国桥牌协会\n \n

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\n \n 咪咕文化科技有限公司\n \n

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\n \n \n 二、承办单位\n \n \n

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\n \n 咪咕互动娱乐有限公司\n \n

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\n \n 金桥在线\n \n

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\n \n \n 三、竞赛项目\n \n \n

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\n \n 双人赛（不设年龄限制）\n \n

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\n \n \n 四、赛程安排\n \n \n

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\n \n 比赛由线上预选赛、总决赛两部分组成。\n \n

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\n \n （一）线上预选赛分为两个阶段：第一阶段“网络海选赛”；第二阶段“网络入围赛”。\n \n

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\n \n （二）总决赛：线下赛。\n \n

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\n \n \n 五、比赛地点\n \n \n

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\n \n （一）线上比赛地点：\n \n

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\n \n 金桥在线\n \n

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\n \n 在中国桥牌网的第四届全民健身线上运动会暨2025“我要上智运”·全民棋牌全国网络大赛专题报名，即可参赛。\n \n

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\n \n （二）总决赛地点：参见总规程。\n \n

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\n \n \n 六、比赛日期\n \n \n

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\n \n （一）网络海选赛和入围赛：8月16日-10月12日\n \n

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\n \n 网络海选赛分10场举行,比赛开赛时间均为比赛当日20:00。\n \n

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\n \n 海选赛第1场    8月16日\n \n

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\n \n 海选赛第2场    8月17日\n \n

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\n \n 海选赛第3场    8月30日\n \n

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\n \n 海选赛第4场    8月31日\n \n

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\n \n 海选赛第5场    9月6日\n \n

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\n \n 海选赛第6场    9月7日\n \n

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\n \n 海选赛第7场    9月13日\n \n

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\n \n 海选赛第8场    9月14日\n \n

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\n \n 海选赛第9场    9月27日\n \n

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\n \n 海选赛第10场   9月28日\n \n

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\n \n 网络入围赛分4场举行, 比赛开赛时间均为比赛当日20:00。\n \n

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\n \n 入围赛第1场    10月5日\n \n

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\n \n 入围赛第2场    10月12日\n \n

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\n \n 入围赛第3场    10月19日\n \n

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\n \n 入围赛第4场    10月24日\n \n

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\n \n （二）线下总决赛时间：待定\n \n

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\n \n \n 七、参赛办法\n \n \n

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\n \n （一）所有桥牌爱好者均可报名参赛。\n \n

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\n \n （二）通过线上赛晋级线下总决赛的选手名单，将在总决赛前公示。如被举报，经查实立即取消资格。\n \n

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\n \n \n 八、线上比赛登录方式\n \n \n

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\n \n （一）金桥在线登录方式\n \n

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\n \n www.gembridge.cn\n \n

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\n \n 可以电脑网页版直接登录，安卓和苹果设备可安装\"金桥在线\"app。\n \n

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\n \n \n 九、竞赛办法\n \n \n

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\n \n （一）线上赛\n \n

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\n \n 1.网络海选赛\n \n

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\n \n （1）网络海选赛共进行10场MP制黄金分双人赛，每场比赛进行7轮,每轮3副牌,每轮用时22分钟。\n \n

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\n \n （2）网络海选赛比赛时间为比赛日当天20:00--22:35。\n \n

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\n \n （3）每场比赛以黄金分排名。\n \n

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\n \n （4）参加5场及以上的搭档, 按5场最好成绩的平均黄金分进行网络海选赛总排名。网络海选赛总排名前60名入选网络入围赛。\n \n

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\n \n 2.网络入围赛\n \n

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\n \n （1）网络入围赛共进行4场MP制黄金分双人赛，每场比赛进行7轮,每轮3副牌,每轮用时22分钟。\n \n

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\n \n （2）网络入围赛比赛时间为比赛日当天20:00--22:35。\n \n

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\n \n （3）每场比赛以黄金分排名。\n \n

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\n \n （4）入围赛4场比赛的成绩，在4场比赛全部结束后同时公布。\n \n

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\n \n （5）参加2场及以上的搭档,按2场最好成绩的平均黄金分进行网络入围赛总排名。网络入围赛总排名前16对选手入选总决赛。\n \n

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\n \n （6）如遇网络入围赛总排名前16名的选手放弃参加总决赛时，则从网络入围赛总排名第17名的选手开始依次递补。\n \n

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\n \n （二）总决赛\n \n

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\n \n 1.总决赛参赛选手来自网络入围赛决出的16对选手。主办方审核通过后方可参加。\n \n

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\n \n 2.总决赛采用豪威尔制MP双人赛, 共进行15轮,每轮3副牌。\n \n

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\n \n 3. 总决赛比赛办法另行公布。\n \n

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\n \n \n 十、报名时间及方法\n \n \n

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\n \n （一）线上报名时间\n \n

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\n \n 网络海选赛：8月16日-9月28日，海选赛期间可重复多次报名海选赛。网络入围赛选手根据网络海选赛的比赛成绩产生。\n \n

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\n \n （二）报名方法\n \n

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\n \n 在中国桥牌网的第四届全民健身线上运动会暨2025“我要上智运”·全民棋牌全国网络大赛专题报名。\n \n

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\n \n （三）名单公示和补充规则\n \n

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\n \n 总决赛名单公示期：待定。\n \n

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\n \n 公示地址：中国桥牌网，中国桥牌协会微信公众号\n \n

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\n \n 补充规则将与公示名单同时发布。\n \n

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\n \n \n 十一、录取名次和奖励方法\n \n \n

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\n \n 参见总规程。\n \n

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\n \n 比赛按《中国桥牌协会会员技术等级标准》授予中国桥牌协会大师分。总决赛授予金分。\n \n

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\n \n \n 十二、\n \n \n \n 线上赛竞赛由金桥在线平台负责，线下总决赛竞赛由中国桥牌协会负责。中国桥牌协会选派裁判和技术主管，担任赛会工作。\n \n

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\n \n \n 十三、\n \n \n \n 未尽事宜另行公布，本规程的解释权属中国桥牌协会。\n \n

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\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/Qeo5KgFsnoy08YMzPUqMSQ", + "creator": "中国桥牌协会", + "pubDate": "Mon, 11 Aug 2025 20:57:06 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax61qiavGBic25AwVe6RWX3jQ0aMn3pkqCdajHrgOweJqFD8FpeJnyucNnh1OcMrCNAbM2d5qYgTiafxA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax61qiavGBic25AwVe6RWX3jQ0aMn3pkqCdajHrgOweJqFD8FpeJnyucNnh1OcMrCNAbM2d5qYgTiafxA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2651311151_5", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "中国桥牌协会", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "711727c8788616903f43b419acceb59b", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "石家庄九思桥牌少年经受锻炼", "description": "石家庄九思桥牌少年经受锻炼", @@ -14445,6 +15237,28 @@ "hash": "198adfbd2f63df77f58a2e8d4b0c96a1", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "绵阳物理老师杜光亮——愿做桥牌传承人", + "description": "绵阳物理老师杜光亮——愿做桥牌传承人", + "content": "
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\n \n \n \n 全国桥牌综合锦标赛\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 2025年全国桥牌综合锦标赛上，绵阳外国语学校派出了4支队伍参加青年团体赛U16公开和U16女子组别的比赛，领队兼教练的杜光亮是学校初中部物理老师，也是校桥牌队教练，他表示，愿意做桥牌传承人。\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 杜光亮（后排右一）与队员们\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 杜光亮是一名85后，快人快语，非常精干，2009年从四川师范大学毕业后入职绵阳外国语学校，2013年开始跟着学校里的初中部数学老师、校桥牌队主教练梁敏学习打桥牌。学会后，杜光亮成了梁敏的桥牌助手。他说，桥牌是绵阳外国语学校的特色之一，受到学校的高度重视，漆高明校长给予了大力支持，如今已经从初中开设桥牌课提前至四年级，校桥牌队成立于2011年9月，目前有30名队员，其中女队员占三分之一。作为学校“五育融合、多元发展”的重要社团载体，校桥牌队每周组织两三次的训练和交流，吸引众多校内桥牌爱好者参与。校桥牌队成绩斐然，先后获得中国中学生桥牌锦标赛双人赛冠军、亚军。去年作为中国中学生桥牌锦标赛东道主，校桥牌队获得了初中组第五名，而在今年的全国桥牌少年团体赛上则获得了U16公开锦标组第八名。多名桥牌队队员先后考入北京大学、复旦大学、浙江大学、中国科学技术大学及新加坡国立大学等国内外知名院校。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 杜光亮介绍说，学校此次选派的四支参赛队队员都是四至六年级的学生，其中半数孩子都是第一次参赛。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 杜光亮（后排右）和江俐（后排左）组织不上场的队员在赛场边训练\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 杜光亮说，学校对学生参加桥牌比赛没有功利心，就让他们享受桥牌，因此他们都很开心。虽然没有参赛的成绩压力，但是杜光亮坦言，自己的主要压力就是要时刻关注学生们的人身安全，此次他带队有两个助手蒋生俊和江俐，三人每天都紧绷神经，时刻关注学生们的安全。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 他说，由于学校一直非常重视开展桥牌工作，因此校桥牌队的训练条件很好，训练室配备有发牌机，牌具一应俱全。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 女队员曾思涵（左）与杜艾欣\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 教桥牌和管理桥牌队是杜光亮正常教学之外的额外工作，他已经做了好几年，如今驾轻就熟，成为梁敏的得力助手。他表示，自己很愿意做这份兼职工作，把学校的桥牌传承下去，做一名桥牌传承人。而在做桥牌传承方面，他在家庭中就已经有了实际行动，教女儿杜艾欣学会了打桥牌。此次比赛，女儿就是队员之一。\n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/RLgCr7p4HS10z06ZVZnDmA", + "creator": "中国桥牌协会", + "pubDate": "Mon, 11 Aug 2025 20:57:06 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax61qiavGBic25AwVe6RWX3jQ0oqO9SfA3h0BQ6ejpMdp21CABOUkazZKXrZNZAlrpb5qfOYiaEVzJuug/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax61qiavGBic25AwVe6RWX3jQ0oqO9SfA3h0BQ6ejpMdp21CABOUkazZKXrZNZAlrpb5qfOYiaEVzJuug/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2651311151_3", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "中国桥牌协会", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "82fb1707de39c1b377bacbcc16773c75", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "“奔跑吧·少年”小牌手风采——谢君鑫", "description": "智慧奔跑，赴成长之约！", @@ -14467,6 +15281,28 @@ "hash": "1d3afb7c41bc1668c37f54432c824f3d", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "桥牌综锦赛青年团体项目U16组三冠出炉", + "description": "桥牌综锦赛青年团体项目U16组三冠出炉", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 8月11日，正在上海汽车会展中心举行的2025年全国桥牌综合锦标赛青年团体U16组别三个冠军全部产生，\n \n 上海胡荣华桥牌俱乐部红队和金教院附中分别夺得青年团体赛U16公开和U16女子组冠军，育材梦之队则获得青年瑞士团体赛U16冠军。\n \n \n \n

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\n \n 晋级\n \n 青年团体赛U16公开组\n \n 十六强的队伍，经过八分之一淘汰赛、四分之一淘汰赛和半决赛的争夺后，天津三队（缦缨）和上海胡荣华桥牌俱乐部红队打进决赛，冠军争夺战进行了两节共24副牌的比拼，上海胡荣华桥牌俱乐部红队以92比23的绝对领先优势胜出，强势夺冠，天津三队（缦缨）屈居亚军。季军争夺战在天津二队（缦缨）和智汇青年队进行，双方同样经过了两节24副牌的较量，天津二队（缦缨）以82比61获胜，成功站上了领奖台。\n \n

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\n \n \n 中国桥牌协会副主席徐建国、中国桥牌协会特邀副主席张立刚为青年团体赛U16公开组前三名颁奖\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 青年团体赛U16女子组\n \n 跻身八强的队伍，经过了四分之一淘汰赛和半决赛，闵行与金教院附中杀进决赛，双方经过了三节共36副牌的争夺，金教院附中以86比66夺得冠军，闵行屈居亚军。上海胡荣华桥牌俱乐部红队与北京水木智娱破浪队争夺第三名，双方同样经过了三节共36副牌的争夺，最终上海胡荣华桥牌俱乐部红队113比50获胜。\n \n

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\n \n 中国桥牌协会副主席徐建国、中国桥牌协会特邀副主席张立刚为青年团体赛U16女子组前三名颁奖\n \n

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\n \n \n 青年瑞士团体赛U16\n \n 共有71支参赛队，经过9轮共72副牌的争夺，育材梦之队、上海胡荣华桥牌俱乐部橙队和北京恒泰分别获得了前三名。\n \n

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\n \n 上海市桥牌协会副秘书长丁建华为青年瑞士团体赛U16组前三名颁奖\n \n

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\n \n 赛后举行了颁奖仪式，中国桥牌协会副主席徐建国和中国桥牌协会特邀副主席张立刚共同为青年团体赛U16公开和U16女子组前三名得主颁奖，上海市桥牌协会副秘书长丁建华则为获得青年瑞士团体赛U16前三名的队伍颁奖。\n \n

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\n \n 混合团体赛今天进行了四分之一淘汰赛，经过四节共48副牌的较量，湖北、战马、北京如海、北京恒洲分别淘汰业之峰、北京怀柔桥协、华彬智运、博思软件，携手晋级四强。半决赛的对阵形势为：湖北VS战马、北京如海VS北京恒洲。\n \n

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\n \n 今天混合双人赛开打。明日，本届比赛将迎来第五个比赛日，混合团体赛将展开半决赛的争夺，同时瑞士团体赛、青年团体赛U26和U21组、青年双人赛U16组四个组别同时开打。\n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/mPekGlGkjaWj8A7Q_jjyUg", + "creator": "中国桥牌协会", + "pubDate": "Mon, 11 Aug 2025 20:57:06 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax61qiavGBic25AwVe6RWX3jQ09DdgyucnEPPjqXq0fPOR0SN7PYVpmjEY6FuEFQFzag6icia43zaKwXzw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax61qiavGBic25AwVe6RWX3jQ09DdgyucnEPPjqXq0fPOR0SN7PYVpmjEY6FuEFQFzag6icia43zaKwXzw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2651311151_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "中国桥牌协会", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "6f9de9ec04d5ecf7b27624f2a793c88a", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "陪同爸爸李群：支持孩子坚持学桥牌", "description": "陪同爸爸李群：支持孩子坚持学桥牌", @@ -14489,6 +15325,28 @@ "hash": "47b689fdbe84c49ef04de5e5d5043784", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "桥牌新兵——宁波女孩陈紫菡", + "description": "桥牌新兵——宁波女孩陈紫菡", + "content": "
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\n \n \n \n 全国桥牌综合锦标赛\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 在老师和妈妈的陪伴下，10岁女孩陈紫菡走进了2025年全国桥牌综合锦标赛赛场，代表四季老油条队参加青年团体赛U16公开组比赛，而这是她首次参加线下全国性桥牌赛事。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 陈紫菡（左二）在比赛中\n \n \n

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\n \n 由于本届比赛U16组对参赛小选手的年龄限制是2010年1月1日（含）以后，2015年12月31日（含）以前出生的运动员，因此2015年出生的陈紫菡“压线”获得了参赛资格。陈紫菡来自宁波上海世界外国语学校，从小学二年级开始学习桥牌，算起来跟着学校里的专职桥牌老师王涵已经学习两年了。\n \n

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\n \n 陈紫菡妈妈、桥牌教师张栩、陈紫菡、桥牌教师王涵在赛场外合影（从左至右）\n \n

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\n \n 王涵是上海市静安四季智力体育运动俱乐部（曾经的上海市静安四季桥牌俱乐部）桥牌老师，受宁波桥牌协会聘请，来到宁波从事青少年桥牌教学工作。\n \n

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\n \n 王涵告诉记者，陈紫菡此次代表的是四季老油条队，正是静安四季派出的参赛队之一，名为老油条，其实都是小牌手。陈紫菡属于外援，其余5个小队员都是上海本地男孩子，陈紫菡被指定与其中一个名叫戚云松的男孩做临时搭档。\n \n

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\n \n 虽然是新搭档，陈紫菡说自己与搭档发挥还可以。她走进偌大的赛场也不紧张。\n \n

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\n \n 王涵说，陈紫菡是个很安静的小女生，牌打得挺好，善于思考，由于她在宁波学校的搭档不能参赛，因此临时安排她代表四季队参加比赛，这也是为了让她经历大赛的锻炼。经过两年多的教学，王涵发现陈紫菡一个明显的变化是话变多了。\n \n

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\n \n 陈紫菡的妈妈说，女儿对桥牌的兴趣很大，参加浙江省里的比赛和宁波市里的青少年组比赛都取得了不错的成绩，今年参加全国桥牌通讯赛4月和8月的线上赛，更是获得了宁波青少年组第一名。此次在上海参加比赛期间，她还得到了一个好消息，她拿到了中国桥牌协会授予的青年中级大师称号。\n \n

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\n \n 据上海市静安四季智力体育运动俱乐部桥牌教师张栩介绍，俱乐部在培训过程中也会注重选拔好苗子，而陈紫菡已经入围“四季桥牌好苗子”。\n \n

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\n \n 由此可见，假以时日，陈紫菡这个小苗子有望成为驰骋赛场的桥牌女将。\n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/5N8k3AZktbUM6ZJamiwQ4Q", + "creator": "中国桥牌协会", + "pubDate": "Sun, 10 Aug 2025 21:09:48 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax7PERcWH4iaPeOOosZiajGOZbniaz7t9sNbFKrsIdaJibZ6ibhpXCe7F4N604naQuN1Qc82gNPQwtiaa34Q/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax7PERcWH4iaPeOOosZiajGOZbniaz7t9sNbFKrsIdaJibZ6ibhpXCe7F4N604naQuN1Qc82gNPQwtiaa34Q/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2651311103_4", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "中国桥牌协会", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "f3c18a5423108277a456208ce8ccc603", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "赛场外，《桥牌》杂志临时阅览处受小选手热捧", "description": "赛场外，《桥牌》杂志临时阅览处受小选手热捧", @@ -14511,6 +15369,28 @@ "hash": "4442f096811cb32ea55b482e44ccd6d5", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "“奔跑吧·少年”小牌手风采——陈奕凡", + "description": "智慧奔跑，赴成长之约！", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 由国家体育总局棋牌运动管理中心、中国桥牌协会主办的\n \n “奔跑吧·少年”桥牌系列赛事活动\n \n 自启动以来，得到了广泛关注与积极参与。通过全国桥牌少年智慧接力赛、全国桥牌青少年夏令营以及桥牌“进校园”等赛事活动开展，为青少年桥牌爱好者搭建友谊之“桥”、快乐之“桥”。\n \n \n

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\n \n 特别在\n \n 8月8日\n \n 我国第17个“全民健身日”即将到来之际，小牌手们以梦为马，不负韶华，\n \n 智慧奔跑，赴成长之约！\n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/vw3eW4fj6RvFfZqWfpWrMQ", + "creator": "中国桥牌协会", + "pubDate": "Sun, 10 Aug 2025 21:09:48 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax7PERcWH4iaPeOOosZiajGOZb1pbgupqMl8oPIFNSCALAYGArMu7ibf4I0QCfSlwt8AGnmWaPgicNYM9g/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax7PERcWH4iaPeOOosZiajGOZb1pbgupqMl8oPIFNSCALAYGArMu7ibf4I0QCfSlwt8AGnmWaPgicNYM9g/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2651311103_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "中国桥牌协会", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "f9548d307e2668b50d896becf20c9f6d", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "上海石笋桥牌俱乐部获得IMP双人赛冠军", "description": "明日将开启混合双人赛的比拼", @@ -14533,6 +15413,28 @@ "hash": "f0be143677d955cf0bcb07cc9fb1154d", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "顾振寰：希望多带出一些桥牌少年", + "description": "顾振寰：希望多带出一些桥牌少年", + "content": "
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\n \n \n \n 全国桥牌综合锦标赛\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 2025年全国桥牌综合锦标赛正在上海汽车会展中心进行，桥牌名将顾振寰担任上汽仪征队领队、教练兼队员参加混合团体赛。空闲时，他会来到青年组赛场外的区域关注长宁少年队的比赛情况。他说，自己的愿望就是用桥牌专业多带出一些桥牌少年。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 顾振寰与上汽仪征队队员胡茂元在赛场合影\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 顾振寰是一名专业牌手，1996年进入上海EAA桥牌俱乐部，1999年转入浦东俱乐部，与周家弘搭档多年征战A俱联赛。早年间，受延安中学从事桥牌培训30多年的体育老师杨可夫的邀约，顾振寰会给学习桥牌的孩子们上课。看到长宁区初中和小学还没有普及桥牌，于是他便积极推动桥牌走进长宁区小学、初中，他本人则与一些熟悉的桥牌朋友给中小学生公益教桥牌。他说，在长宁区体育局的大力支持下，长宁区桥牌普及推广和提高的工作成效显著，如今已经开花结果。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 顾振寰（右一）与吕奕行（左一）带领中国U26女队获得世青赛女子组季军\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 就在今年7月，他与上海市长宁区桥牌协会副会长吕奕行分别担任教练和领队，带领以长宁女队为班底的中国U26女队参加世青赛，获得了U26女子组季军的佳绩。这支年轻的女队还是今年的亚太桥牌青年锦标赛U26女子团体赛冠军和全国桥牌青年团体赛U26女子组冠军。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 顾振寰（左）在赛场边遇到毕业于延安中学的自己的桥牌学生秦楠海\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 此次比赛顾振寰虽然不必管理参赛的长宁青少年队伍，但是习惯使然，他会关心孩子们的比赛情况。他说，除了长宁少年队，参加U16公开组比赛的还有一支名为黑骑军的队伍。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 顾振寰本人在2014年获得了全国桥牌协会锦标赛（现在的全国桥牌团体赛）冠军后，于2016年正式退出一线桥牌，专心做桥牌培训，他现在的每周安排是这样的：四个工作日要分别到长宁区的两所学校给孩子们上桥牌课，周六则全天都要给校外班的孩子们上课。看他整日忙碌，妻子有时会调侃他：一辈子就会摆弄几张牌。殊不知，桥牌正是他的一生所爱。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 他说，自己所在的上海肯鹊特桥牌俱乐部十几个同仁都是60岁左右的桥牌人，自己热心从事桥牌培训最初是受杨可夫坚持精神的感染和影响，再后来就是希望把自己的专长传授给更多的孩子们。除了桥牌培训，顾振寰还积极组织青少年桥牌比赛，其中他所积极组织的“禾煜杯”青少年桥牌团体邀请赛今年已经举办了六届，7月26日至27日第六届比赛在嘉兴举行，吸引了134支队伍参加。这一赛事是由上海禾煜贸易有限公司冠名主办，上海肯鹊特桥牌俱乐部承办。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 顾振寰说，自己非常喜欢桥牌，如今忙碌的桥牌生活令自己感到很充实，看到越来越多的孩子们喜欢桥牌，并且在桥牌上不断取得成长和成绩，非常开心。他希望带着桥牌情怀继续用自己的专业再多带出一些桥牌少年，从而为扩大长宁、上海乃至全国桥牌人口方面做出自己的努力。\n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/ODuMyHFSAHFq8oNjQXwLtQ", + "creator": "中国桥牌协会", + "pubDate": "Sat, 09 Aug 2025 19:54:42 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax6HgMs5aTrNwZKDSsSStzn2pjlmZyK0Vic3jjqo9Sv5cYb6hqhqmDr3F4xk37n5AvpjsNPbjeRkPng/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax6HgMs5aTrNwZKDSsSStzn2pjlmZyK0Vic3jjqo9Sv5cYb6hqhqmDr3F4xk37n5AvpjsNPbjeRkPng/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2651311020_4", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "中国桥牌协会", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "0e8371c118f403cc88e18fae9a8317a3", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "陪着外孙参赛的桥牌人俞文虎", "description": "陪着外孙参赛的桥牌人俞文虎", @@ -14555,6 +15457,28 @@ "hash": "905f1353584a4285c0dbc93873213915", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "“奔跑吧·少年”小牌手风采——刘依琳", + "description": "智慧奔跑，赴成长之约！", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 由国家体育总局棋牌运动管理中心、中国桥牌协会主办的\n \n “奔跑吧·少年”桥牌系列赛事活动\n \n 自启动以来，得到了广泛关注与积极参与。通过全国桥牌少年智慧接力赛、全国桥牌青少年夏令营以及桥牌“进校园”等赛事活动开展，为青少年桥牌爱好者搭建友谊之“桥”、快乐之“桥”。\n \n \n

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\n \n 特别在\n \n 8月8日\n \n 我国第17个“全民健身日”即将到来之际，小牌手们以梦为马，不负韶华，\n \n 智慧奔跑，赴成长之约！\n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/s0inl_LMF02TC4LMGvSeKw", + "creator": "中国桥牌协会", + "pubDate": "Sat, 09 Aug 2025 19:54:42 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax6HgMs5aTrNwZKDSsSStzn2ia7MI6r6jyVHAk6EO15LzI7xOxFRkovR35nGuaPlGl0rZMU1oK3ibJkQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax6HgMs5aTrNwZKDSsSStzn2ia7MI6r6jyVHAk6EO15LzI7xOxFRkovR35nGuaPlGl0rZMU1oK3ibJkQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2651311020_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "中国桥牌协会", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "4497159ba3caabe6a6417c9809606fdd", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "2025全国桥牌综合锦标赛首冠产生", "description": "随缘队的刘硕研/奚元霄组合获得了MP分级双人赛1的第一名", @@ -14577,6 +15501,28 @@ "hash": "d655c9ced0635c0a875c8645415a3fcf", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "北京臻禾主教练张宁：要向孩子们宣传“全民健身日”", + "description": "北京臻禾主教练张宁：要向孩子们宣传“全民健身日”", + "content": "
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\n \n \n \n 全民健身日\n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 8月8日，2025年全国桥牌综合锦标赛在上海汽车会展中心开赛。带领队伍参赛的北京臻禾桥牌俱乐部主教练张宁表示，这个开赛日很有意义，要等比赛结束后向孩子们宣传“全民健身日”。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 北京臻禾队大合影\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 据张宁介绍，北京臻禾此次选派了6支队伍参加本届全国桥牌综合锦标赛青年团体赛U16组比赛，其中5支队伍参加U16公开，1支队伍参加U16女子。26名孩子们分别来自北京人大附中实验小学早培、人大附小、北京中关村一小、北大附小，孩子们学习桥牌时间最长的也才两年多，年龄最小的参赛选手年仅10岁。他们虽然学习桥牌的时间不长，但\n \n \n \n \n 只有4个是\n \n \n \n \n 首次参加全国性比赛的孩子，其余均接受过比赛的历练。家长们都非常支持孩子们参赛，为了让孩子们在比赛中发挥出自身实力和水平，俱乐部在赛前对队伍进行了为期四天的集训。为了确保孩子们参赛安全，俱乐部还配备了3名负责技术的老师和3名负责生活的老师。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 张宁说，尽管东道主强手如林，但北京臻禾仍确立了至少1支队伍晋级淘汰赛的目标，希望能够达到目标。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 对于此次比赛恰逢“全民健身日”，张宁说，这个日子选得好，首先2008年8月8日是北京奥运会的开幕日，这是一个激发民族自豪感的特殊日子，从2009年开始每年的8月8日被定为“全民健身日”，而今年的8月8日已经是我国第17个“全民健身日”。在这一天全国桥牌综合锦标赛开赛，来自全国各地的桥牌爱好者在一起以打桥牌的方式庆祝“全民健身日”，也是对这一特殊日子很好的纪念和宣传。巧合的是，今天还是北京臻禾小队员李嘉茵的12岁生日，全队打算晚上一起为她庆祝生日，同时利用这个机会向孩子们介绍和宣传“全民健身日”。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 张宁与小寿星李嘉茵\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 对于此次比赛，张宁点赞赛场周边的桥牌文化宣传和展示，他说，孩子们通过参赛了解桥牌文化和中国桥牌发展，可谓收获满满。\n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/VbJyRAELxPmDhXBqST546g", + "creator": "中国桥牌协会", + "pubDate": "Fri, 08 Aug 2025 19:29:55 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax5z4QAv1oH6XYiaRooNYnscjXVyht4OXmVKibib7K4WPIv4X1L3Puq0XiauHg9R2EqvEyacPUnRFDoO0w/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax5z4QAv1oH6XYiaRooNYnscjXVyht4OXmVKibib7K4WPIv4X1L3Puq0XiauHg9R2EqvEyacPUnRFDoO0w/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2651310986_5", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "中国桥牌协会", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "a53530402718b720ee7569b709b70a27", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "当桥牌遇上全民健身日", "description": "全民健身，桥牌同行", @@ -14599,6 +15545,28 @@ "hash": "8238dfc23aae5fea06322915e05ba891", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "全国牌友以通讯赛共庆全民健身", + "description": "“全民健身，桥牌同行”——", + "content": "
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\n \n \n \n “全民健身，桥牌同行”——\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 2025年全国桥牌通讯系列赛“全民健身日”专场于8月3日启动，线下赛事活动在全国各地火热举办，线上赛事延续至8月9日。全国桥牌爱好者以智慧比拼，\n \n \n \n \n \n 共庆\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 8月8日我国第17个“全民健身日”！\n \n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/n-t63oFND_XxycqTRI62jA", + "creator": "中国桥牌协会", + "pubDate": "Fri, 08 Aug 2025 19:29:55 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax5z4QAv1oH6XYiaRooNYnscja3eGFpZH0WlweuVMQWT2gxicfWlicbtL8IOSclOHFzSPBibquXUgnuQfQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax5z4QAv1oH6XYiaRooNYnscja3eGFpZH0WlweuVMQWT2gxicfWlicbtL8IOSclOHFzSPBibquXUgnuQfQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2651310986_3", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "中国桥牌协会", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "6212a83789a2e804f925129bacedd535", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "“奔跑吧·少年”小牌手风采——胡以行", "description": "智慧奔跑，赴成长之约！", @@ -14621,6 +15589,28 @@ "hash": "4262ecb925e05d5f3c2efddcfa9a936b", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "2025全国桥牌综合锦标赛全民健身日开赛", + "description": "2025全国桥牌综合锦标赛全民健身日开赛", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 8月8日\n \n \n ，恰逢我国第17个\n \n \n “全民健身日”\n \n \n 到来之际，2025年全国桥牌综合锦标赛在上海汽车会展中心开赛。截至目前，共有来自全国各地的1978名选手报名，参赛规模再创新高。\n \n \n

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\n \n 本次比赛由国家体育总局棋牌运动管理中心、中国桥牌协会、上海市体育局、上海市嘉定区人民政府主办。比赛共设22个组别，率先进行的3个组别中，混合团体赛有109支参赛队，青年团体赛U16组和U16女子组参赛队分别有69支和23支队伍。\n \n

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\n \n \n 郭玉军致辞\n \n \n

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\n \n 赛前举行了简短的开赛仪式，国家体育总局棋牌运动管理中心、中国桥牌协会以及上海方面相关领导出席了仪式。体育总局棋牌中心副主任郭玉军在致辞时说，全国桥牌综合锦标赛作为国内参赛项目覆盖面广、参与度高的综合性、群众性桥牌赛事，给不同年龄、不同职业、不同地域的桥牌人搭起了“连心桥”。今天恰逢我国第17个“全民健身日”，更赋予了本届赛\n \n 事\n \n \n “全民健身 全民共享”\n \n 的特殊意义。本届赛事的参赛规模再创新高，这不仅是爱好者对赛事本身的认可，更显现出桥牌运动在全民健身浪潮中日益增长的吸引力。他相信本届赛事的举办，将会进一步激活上海的桥牌热情，让更多人因这场盛会与桥牌结缘。他表示，桥牌运动是体育的组成部分，肩负满足大众对美好生活需求的社会责任。希望通过大家积极努力，共同擦亮桥牌运动文明向上的社会名片。\n \n

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\n \n \n 樊建林致辞\n \n \n

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\n \n 上海久事（集团）有限公司副总裁樊建林在致辞时说，全国桥牌综合锦标赛作为国内最具影响力的综合性桥牌赛事，因其规模最大、赛制最丰富、参与群体最广泛的特点而备受瞩目。今年，久事体育首度承办该项赛事，他们将秉持国际化办赛理念，依托专业化运营团队，构建顶级竞技平台，助力全民健身事业发展，丰富大众文化体育生活。\n \n

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\n \n \n 丁炯炯致辞\n \n \n

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\n \n 上海市嘉定区人民政府副区长丁炯炯致辞时说，全国桥牌综合锦标赛能够落地嘉定，他们深感荣幸。本次赛事的举办，既是对嘉定体育事业发展的充分肯定，也为嘉定展示城市形象、推动文旅商体展融合发展提供了重要契机。作为主办方之一，嘉定将精益求精办好赛事，协同各方力量，汇集各方资源，全力做好赛事服务保障，努力为运动员们提供最优的比赛环境，为桥牌爱好者呈现一场精彩绝伦的智慧盛宴。\n \n

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\n \n \n 赵光圣宣布开赛\n \n \n

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\n \n 上海市体育总会常务副主席赵光圣参加开赛仪式并宣布比赛开赛。\n \n

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\n \n 岩山科技队选手胡俊杰和国家级裁判张庆分别代表运动员和裁判员宣誓。\n \n

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\n \n \n 胡俊杰代表运动员宣誓\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 张庆代表裁判员宣誓\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 出席开赛仪式的嘉宾\n \n \n

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\n \n 本次比赛由上海市桥牌协会、上海市嘉定区体育局、上海久事体育产业发展（集团）有限公司承办，上海久事体育赛事运营管理有限公司协办。全部比赛将于8月17日结束。\n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/vRU7aD3av_RoanT2_sZc5Q", + "creator": "中国桥牌协会", + "pubDate": "Fri, 08 Aug 2025 19:29:55 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax5z4QAv1oH6XYiaRooNYnscjdQ7cUtwSYb7OEQa5JNtDP9Cvza4Fmu8s5VicV7McZx3wVJHje4z4R7g/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax5z4QAv1oH6XYiaRooNYnscjdQ7cUtwSYb7OEQa5JNtDP9Cvza4Fmu8s5VicV7McZx3wVJHje4z4R7g/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2651310986_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "中国桥牌协会", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "05cd8b7f73cddd32f48d501051922266", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "2025年全国桥牌综合锦标赛明日开赛！联动优惠缤纷多样，详戳→", "description": "2025年全国桥牌综合锦标赛明日开赛！联动优惠缤纷多样，详戳→", @@ -14643,6 +15633,28 @@ "hash": "8d05e4fbccd4f77cf3cebcff931f871e", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "“奔跑吧·少年”小牌手风采——黄思博", + "description": "智慧奔跑，赴成长之约！", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 由国家体育总局棋牌运动管理中心、中国桥牌协会主办的\n \n “奔跑吧·少年”桥牌系列赛事活动\n \n 自启动以来，得到了广泛关注与积极参与。通过全国桥牌少年智慧接力赛、全国桥牌青少年夏令营以及桥牌“进校园”等赛事活动开展，为青少年桥牌爱好者搭建友谊之“桥”、快乐之“桥”。\n \n \n

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\n \n 特别在\n \n 8月8日\n \n 我国第17个“全民健身日”即将到来之际，小牌手们以梦为马，不负韶华，\n \n 智慧奔跑，赴成长之约！\n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/gFacJvxgyRaFiKwWnhgU5g", + "creator": "中国桥牌协会", + "pubDate": "Thu, 07 Aug 2025 20:34:17 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax55kMzpickfoQ6CG2QMkoVicBUcQwicygc02mXVOpI2u7Y0vaMv01FDfz65U9AqhZmnMBsJPCRv29Pbg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax55kMzpickfoQ6CG2QMkoVicBUcQwicygc02mXVOpI2u7Y0vaMv01FDfz65U9AqhZmnMBsJPCRv29Pbg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2651310924_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "中国桥牌协会", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "c1d6af4b3eba81ad592ddff7e58818ec", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "全民健身日全国桥牌通讯赛火热开赛 智慧竞技点亮全民健康新图景", "description": "全民健身日全国桥牌通讯赛火热开赛 智慧竞技点亮全民健康新图景", @@ -14665,6 +15677,28 @@ "hash": "4fa2bc7b6a06a1dfe21d0e5fb1ede549", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "中国桥牌协会关于发布《中国桥牌协会裁判员管理办法》的通知", + "description": "中国桥牌协会关于发布《中国桥牌协会裁判员管理办法》的通知", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 桥牌协字〔2025〕45号\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 中国桥牌协会关于发布\n \n \n \n 《中国桥牌协会裁判员管理办法》的通知\n \n \n \n \n

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\n \n 各相关单位和个人：\n \n

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\n \n 为保证桥牌竞赛公平、公正、有序进行，规范桥牌竞赛裁判员的资格认证、培训、考核、注册、选派、奖惩等监督管理工作，中国桥牌协会修订了《中国桥牌协会裁判员管理办法》。经广泛征求意见和公示，现正式发布，请参照执行。\n \n

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\n \n 中国桥牌协会\n \n

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\n \n 2025年8月6日\n \n

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\n \n \n 中国桥牌协会裁判员管理办法\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 第一章  总则\n \n \n \n

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\n \n 第一条 为保证桥牌竞赛公平、公正、有序进行，规范桥牌竞赛裁判员的资格认证、培训、考核、注册、选派、奖惩等监督管理工作，根据国家体育总局2015年9月23日颁布的《体育竞赛裁判员管理办法》并结合项目特点制定本办法。\n \n

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\n \n 第二条  桥牌裁判员必须拥护中国共产党的领导，热爱祖国，遵守法律与社会公德，品德端正，作风正派，热爱桥牌事业，遵守中国桥牌协会章程和相关管理规定，热心从事桥牌裁判工作。\n \n

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\n \n 第三条  桥牌裁判员（以下简称裁判员）实行分级认证、分级注册、分级管理。\n \n

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\n \n 第四条  国家体育行政主管部门对我国（不含香港、澳门特别行政区）裁判员的管理工作进行监管。各级政府体育主管部门负责本地区相应等级裁判员管理的监督工作。\n \n

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\n \n 第五条  中国桥牌协会、省、自治区、直辖市各级地方桥牌协会负责桥牌项目、本地区相应技术等级裁判员的资格认证、培训、考核、注册、选派、奖惩等（以下简称技术等级认证）监督管理工作。\n \n

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\n \n 第六条  裁判员的技术等级分为国家级、一级、二级、三级。获得世界桥牌联合会、亚太桥牌联合会有关裁判技术等级认证者，统称为国际级裁判。\n \n

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\n \n 第七条  中国桥牌协会负责我国国际级裁判员注册和日常管理工作，并对其在国内举办的桥牌比赛中的执裁工作进行监管。我国（不含香港、澳门特别行政区）的国际级裁判到国际比赛中执裁，需经中国桥牌协会批准。\n \n

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\n \n 第八条  中国桥牌协会负责桥牌项目各级裁判员的技术等级认证等监督管理工作，具体负责国家级裁判员的技术等级认证管理工作，负责对桥牌一级（含）以下裁判员的技术等级认证等工作进行监督。\n \n

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\n \n 第九条  经相关部门批准或授权，承接省、自治区、直辖市政府体育行政部门一级裁判技术等级认证工作职能的省级桥牌协会，可负责本地区桥牌一级（含）以下裁判员的技术等级认证等管理工作，承接地（市）、县政府体育主管部门二、三级裁判员技术等级认证工作职能的同级地方桥牌协会，可负责二级、三级裁判员的技术等级认证管理工作。\n \n

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\n \n 第十条  符合一级（含）以下裁判员技术等级认证条件的解放军体育主管部门、全国行业体育协会负责本系统、本单位桥牌项目的一级（含）以下裁判员的技术等级认证等管理工作。\n \n

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\n \n \n 第二章  裁判员专业委员会\n \n \n

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\n \n 第十一条  中国桥牌协会设立裁判员专业委员会（以下简称裁委会），裁委会在中国桥牌协会的领导下，学习研究、准确把握相关政策并具体负责裁判员的技术等级认证等监督管理工作。\n \n

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\n \n 第十二条  裁委\n \n \n 会设主任1人，副主任2至4人，执委和委员若干人。裁委会成员由中国桥牌协会专职人员和国家级（含国际级）裁判组成。中国桥牌协会专职人员在裁委会任职人数不超过裁委会总人数的五分之一。每届裁委会任期为五年。\n \n

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\n \n 第十三条  裁委会委员由各省、自治区、直辖市、行业体协桥牌协会依据相应程序和条件推荐国家级裁判员担任，身体健康，年龄不得超过70周岁，由中国桥牌协会审核批准。执委由中国桥牌协会提名推荐，经裁委会成员无记名投票产生，由中国桥牌协会审核批准。裁委会主任、副主任由中国桥牌协会提名推荐候选人，由裁委会执委无记名投票，三分之二以上委员表决同意后通过。裁委会主任、副主任、执委须报中国桥牌协会核准，名单向社会公布。\n \n

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\n \n 第十四条  裁委会负责制定裁判员发展规划；制定裁判员管理的相关规定和实施细则；组织裁判员培训、考核；国家级裁判员技术等级认证、注册；翻译并执行世界桥牌联合会竞赛规则；研究制定中国桥牌竞赛规则及补充规定；对裁判员奖惩提出意见和建议。\n \n

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\n \n 第十五条  各省、自治区、直辖市桥牌协会应结合本地区桥牌运动开展情况，参照本规定成立裁委会。省级裁委会名单应在中国桥牌协会备案，并向社会公布。\n \n

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\n \n 进行二级、三级裁判员技术等级认证等管理工作的地（市）、县级桥牌协会也应参照本规定成立裁委会，裁委会名单向上一级桥牌协会备案，并向社会公布。\n \n

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\n \n 进行一级（含）以下裁判员技术等级认证等管理工作的解放军体育主管部门和全国性行业体育协会应当参照本规定成立裁委会，裁委会名单须向中国桥牌协会备案，并向社会公布。\n \n

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\n \n \n 第三章  裁判员技术等级认证\n \n \n

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\n \n 第十六条  裁判员技术等级考核内容包括：竞赛规则、临场执裁考核和职业道德的考察。晋升国家级裁判员应当加试英语，作为资格认证的参照。\n \n

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\n \n 第十七条  三级裁判员技术等级认证标准：年满18周岁的中国公民，具备高中以上学历，能够掌握和正确运用桥牌竞赛规则，经培训并考核合格者。\n \n

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\n \n 第十八条  二级裁判员技术等级认证标准：具备一定裁判工作经验、能够较为熟悉掌握和正确运用桥牌竞赛规则，任三级裁判员满一年，经培训并考核合格者。\n \n

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\n \n 第十九条  一级裁判员技术等级标准：任二级裁判员满两年，曾两次担任省级以上比赛裁判员或至少两次在地、市级比赛中担任副裁判长以上职务，熟练掌握和准确运用桥牌竞赛规则，具有丰富的临场执裁经验和组织桥牌竞赛的执裁工作能力，经培训并考核合格者。考核成绩特别优异且具有三年以上执裁经验，满足上述执裁要求的三级裁判员，可跨级晋升为一级裁判员。\n \n

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\n \n 第二十条  国家级裁判员技术等级认证标准：年龄在65周岁以下，任一级裁判员满两年，曾两次担任全国比赛裁判员或至少两次在省级比赛中任副裁判长或以上职务；精通并能准确、熟练运用桥牌竞赛规则；具有较高的裁判理论水平和丰富的实践经验，具有独立组织桥牌竞赛的裁判工作能力；掌握桥牌竞赛编排方法，语言能力强，熟练掌握普通话及桥牌国际常用工作术语；掌握电脑记分及编排程序，经中国桥牌协会培训并考核合格者。\n \n

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\n \n 第二十一条  中国桥牌协会负责制定各技术等级裁判员培训、考核和技术等级认证的具体标准，以及报考国际级裁判人员的考核推荐办法，具体标准和考核推荐办法经公布后执行。\n \n

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\n \n 第二十二条  申报二级、三级裁判员所在地区基层桥牌组织不健全的，可由省级桥牌协会根据本地区情况，统一组织培训考试。\n \n

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\n \n 第二十三条  中国桥牌协会负责向世界桥牌联合会推荐符合其标准的国家级裁判员，经世界桥牌联合会考核批准后转为国际级裁判。\n \n

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\n \n 第二十四条  中国桥牌协会裁委会至少每2至3年组织一次国家级裁判员技术等级认证，一级（含）以下的裁判员技术等级认证由相应等级的地方桥牌协会根据本地区桥牌运动开展情况的需要，定期组织。\n \n

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\n \n 第二十五条  中国桥牌协会实行一级裁判员实习制度，每年根据赛事情况安排一定数量的一级裁判员到全国比赛中进行实习，实习人选可由各省级桥协推荐或中国桥牌协会从已有数据库中挑选。实习结束后，对实习情况进行考核，成绩列入晋升国家级裁判员考核参考成绩之内，两年内有效。\n \n

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\n \n 第二十六条  各级裁判员技术等级认证不得跨地区、跨部门、跨运动项目。裁判员由于工作调动，可持本人注册证明和裁判员证书到所在地区相应的注册单位申请变更注册单位。国家级裁判员变更注册单位，应当报中国桥牌协会备案。\n \n

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\n \n 第二十七条  中国桥牌协会统一制作并发放各等级裁判员等级证书。\n \n

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\n \n 第二十八条  中国桥牌协会和地方各级桥牌协会不得收取裁判员技术等级认证费用。\n \n

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\n \n \n 第四章  裁判员注册管理\n \n \n

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\n \n 第二十九条 裁判员实行注册管理制度，各级裁判员注册年龄为18（含）周岁至70（含）周岁。\n \n

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\n \n 第三十条  国家级、国际级裁判员按年度向中国桥牌协会提交注册材料。注册期为每年的12月1日至次年的1月31日。\n \n

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\n \n 一级（含）以下裁判员的注册由各省、自治区、直辖市体育行政部门或由各桥牌协会作出相应规定。各级别裁判员向相应等级桥牌协会注册并报上一级桥牌协会备案，相应等级桥牌组织不健全的，应向上一级桥牌协会注册。注册完成15日内，各省级桥协须将本地区一级裁判员信息向中国桥牌协会备案。\n \n

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\n \n 第三十一条  中国桥牌协会建立中国桥牌裁判员信息库，记录以下主要信息：\n \n

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\n \n （一）裁判员姓名、年龄、性别、技术等级、注册单位；\n \n

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\n \n （二）裁判员获得相应技术等级资格认证的时间以及参加相应等级竞赛裁判工作记录；\n \n

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\n \n （三）各级裁委会对裁判工作的考评意见。\n \n

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\n \n 第三十二条  裁判员有下列情节者，暂停注册一次：\n \n

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\n \n （一）受到赛区或相应等级裁委会处罚；\n \n

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\n \n （二）考核不合格；\n \n

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\n \n （三）两年内未担任裁判工作或未参加裁判员学习的；\n \n

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\n \n 第三十三条  连续两次未向注册单位注册的裁判员，其裁判资格自动取消，裁判员证书失效。\n \n

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\n \n 第三十四条  裁判员必须持有注册有效期内的技术等级证书方能参加各级桥牌竞赛的执裁工作。\n \n

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\n \n \n 第五章  裁判员选派\n \n \n

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\n \n 第三十五条  全国桥牌比赛的技术申诉委员会委员、裁判长、副裁判长、裁判员原则上由国家级裁判员担任，并由中国桥牌协会裁委会选派。各省、自治区、直辖市桥牌协会及基层桥牌协会举办的省级（含）以下各类桥牌比赛的技术申诉委员会委员、裁判长、副裁判长、裁判员的选派条件，由相应等级桥牌协会作出规定。\n \n

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\n \n 第三十六条  在国内举办的国际性赛事，按照国际桥牌组织的要求选派裁判员，未作出要求的，应当选派国际级和国家级裁判员担任临场裁判。裁判员的选派需经中国桥牌协会批准。\n \n

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\n \n 第三十七条  中国桥牌协会选派裁判员参加全国性、国际性桥牌比赛裁判工作，应向裁判员注册单位所在的省级桥牌协会备案。\n \n

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\n \n 第三十八条  全国性和地方桥牌比赛裁判员选派遵循以下原则：\n \n

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\n \n （一）公开的原则\n \n

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\n \n （二）择优的原则\n \n

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\n \n （三）中立的原则\n \n

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\n \n （四）回避的原则\n \n

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\n \n （五）均衡的原则\n \n

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\n \n 第三十九条  全国综合性运动会桥牌比赛和中国桥牌协会主办的全国正式比赛的裁判员选派，按照《全国桥牌竞赛裁判员选派与监督工作管理办法》执行，由中国桥牌协会按照规定程序公开、公正地进行选派，并在赛前进行公示。赛事的其他组织单位不得邀请或协商裁判员从事赛事执裁工作。\n \n

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\n \n 为科学合理、统筹安排裁判员的执裁工作，跨省（行业）参与执裁工作的，应进行协商备案。需要国家级裁判参与跨省（行业）执裁的，赛事主办单位应向中国桥牌协会裁委会协商，由中国桥牌协会裁委会统筹选派，并向裁判员注册单位所在的省级桥牌协会备案；需要其他等级裁判员参与跨省（行业）执裁的，赛事主办单位应向裁判员注册单位所在省级桥牌协会协商并备案。执裁期间遵循属地管理原则。\n \n

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\n \n 各地方桥牌比赛的裁判员选派，由相应的桥牌协会制定相关办法。\n \n

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\n \n \n 第六章  裁判员权利和义务\n \n \n

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\n \n 第四十条   各级裁判员享有以下权利：\n \n

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\n \n （一）参加相应等级的桥牌竞赛裁判工作；\n \n

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\n \n （二）参加裁判员的学习和培训；\n \n

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\n \n （三）监督本级裁委会的工作开展，对于不良现象进行举报；\n \n

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\n \n （四）享受参加桥牌竞赛时的相关待遇；\n \n

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\n \n （五）对作出的有关处罚，有申诉的权利；\n \n

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\n \n 第四十一条  各级裁判员应当承担以下义务：\n \n

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\n \n （一）自觉遵守有关纪律规定，廉洁自律，公平、公正执法；\n \n

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\n \n （二）自觉遵守和维护桥牌比赛的赛风赛纪管理制度及相关规定；\n \n

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\n \n （三）主动学习研究并熟练掌握运用桥牌竞赛规则；\n \n

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\n \n （四）主动参加培训，并服从安排指导下一级裁判员；\n \n

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\n \n （五）主动承担并参加各类桥牌竞赛裁判工作，主动配合有关部门组织相关情况调查；\n \n

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\n \n （六）主动服从管理，并参加相应技术等级裁判员的注册；\n \n

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\n \n \n 第七章  裁判员考核和奖惩\n \n \n

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\n \n 第四十二条  中国桥牌协会每两年对注册的国家级裁判员进行工作考核。各省、自治区、直辖市桥牌协会应至少每两年对本单位注册的裁判员进行工作考核。\n \n

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\n \n 第四十三条  国家级裁判员考核内容主要包括对近两年内参与执裁情况的考核以及对桥牌竞赛规则掌握情况的考核；参与执裁情况的考核为近两年内参与执裁全国性比赛的裁判长考核意见表。一级（含）以下裁判员考核可参考国家级裁判员考核形式，由相应等级桥牌协会自行作出规定。\n \n

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\n \n （一）对裁判员执裁工作的监督\n \n

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\n \n 比赛期间，赛事组委会负责对所有技术申诉委员会委员、正（副）裁判长、裁判员的执裁过程进行监督；裁判长负责对所有裁判员的执裁过程进行监督。比赛结束后，技术申诉委员会撰写经技术申诉委员会主任签字的赛事技术申诉情况总结向中国桥牌协会和裁委会提交；裁判长、副裁判长分别及时撰写赛事总结报告，总结赛事执裁整体情况及裁判执裁表现。裁判长对副裁判长执裁情况进行考核，副裁判长对赛事期间所辖裁判员执裁情况进行考核，考核结果由裁判长汇总与赛事总结报告一同向中国桥牌协会和裁委会提交。裁委会根据赛事总结报告，针对参与执裁工作的裁判人员，填写《执裁鉴定表》。\n \n

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\n \n （二）裁委会对裁判员的考核\n \n

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\n \n 裁委会根据年度裁判员工作记录和相应各方对裁判员作出的评价，对当年担任全国比赛中技术申诉委员会主任、委员、正（副）裁判长、裁判员及担任其他岗位工作的国家级裁判的工作进行综合考核，并将考核结果列出优秀、合格、基本合格、不合格，记入裁判员注册信息系统，并作为评价和选派裁判员的主要依据。\n \n

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\n \n 第四十四条对违纪违规裁判员的处罚\n \n

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\n \n 处罚分别为：警告、取消若干场次执裁资格、暂停执裁资格一至两年、降低裁判员技术等级资格、撤销裁判员技术等级资格、终身禁止裁判员执裁资格。\n \n

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\n \n 第四十五条  对违规违纪裁判员处罚的程序\n \n

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\n \n （一）对裁判员的警告处罚由裁判长提出，裁委会常委会批准，并报该裁判员审批单位备案；\n \n

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\n \n （二）取消若干场次或整场比赛执裁资格的处罚，由裁判长与技术申诉委员会共同提出，报组委会批准。\n \n

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\n \n （三）暂停执裁资格1～2年、降低裁判员技术等级资格、撤销裁判员技术等级资格、终身禁止执裁资格的处罚由裁委会提出，并报中国桥牌协会批准，同时通报该裁判员资格认证单位办理相关手续。\n \n

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\n \n （四）对违规违纪裁判员作出取消若干场次执裁资格以上处罚的，裁委会须事先通知被处罚的裁判员进行申诉的权力及相关事项。\n \n

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\n \n 第四十六条  对违规违纪行为裁判员的处罚条件\n \n

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\n \n （一）警告：在赛区工作期间，不遵守赛区纪律，不佩戴证件进入赛场的；在临场执裁中因程序性错误造成漏判、错判的。\n \n

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\n \n （二）取消若干场次执裁资格：在同一比赛中受到两次警告的。\n \n

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\n \n （三）暂停执裁资格1～2年：在执裁中多次出现错判、漏判等较大工作失误，造成不良影响的。\n \n

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\n \n （四）降低裁判员技术等级资格：多次出现反判、错判或漏判等重大失误；在比赛中执裁不公，有意偏袒一方，妨碍公正执裁，造成较大不良影响的。\n \n

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\n \n （五）撤销裁判员技术等级资格：多次出现明显反判、错判或漏判等重大失误，导致赛场严重失控，造成恶劣影响的。\n \n

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\n \n （六）终身禁止执裁资格：经查实，严重违反赛风赛纪相关规定，参与假赛黑哨、暗箱交易、操控比赛、收送钱物等非法行为的。\n \n

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\n \n 第四十七条  申诉、举报程序\n \n

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\n \n 对于裁判员在比赛期间有违规违纪行为的，各参赛单位和个人均可向中国桥牌协会进行申诉和举报。申诉和举报要有书面材料和签名，要写明违规违纪行为发生的时间、地点、违纪事项、主要证据、涉及人员等。\n \n

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\n \n 中国桥牌协会及时受理有关申诉、举报事件，并严格依据相关规定，作出调查处理。\n \n

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\n \n 第四十八条  中国桥牌协会和各地方桥牌协会负责对相应等级的违规违纪裁判员作出处罚。地方桥牌协会组织不健全的，由当地政府体育主管部门向上级桥牌协会作出处罚意见，由上级桥牌协会对违规违纪裁判员进行处罚。\n \n

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\n \n \n 第八章  附 则\n \n \n

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\n \n 第四十九条  各省、自治区、直辖市政府体育主管部门或地方各级桥牌协会可依据本办法制定本地区相应等级的裁判员管理办法和实施细则，并向社会公布与实施。\n \n

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\n \n 第五十条  本办法解释权属于中国桥牌协会。\n \n

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\n \n 第五十一条  本办法自公布之日起施行，原《中国桥牌协会裁判员管理办法》（桥牌协字〔2015〕40号）废止。\n \n

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\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/pgizccjFoEZkywEAn1XqcQ", + "creator": "中国桥牌协会", + "pubDate": "Wed, 06 Aug 2025 19:06:32 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax7aicicibPviazHUwZlVPqk4cruPDE8pY3ZoqvaHW0mvD40VZpUSiaRr25OOd3fzlJMUHRpQVibrv4LCa3Q/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax7aicicibPviazHUwZlVPqk4cruPDE8pY3ZoqvaHW0mvD40VZpUSiaRr25OOd3fzlJMUHRpQVibrv4LCa3Q/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2651310907_4", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "中国桥牌协会", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "d785fb888baf3712c0236cca5ef5db5e", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "中国桥牌协会关于发布《中国桥牌协会桥牌讲师管理办法》的通知", "description": "中国桥牌协会关于发布《中国桥牌协会桥牌讲师管理办法》的通知", @@ -14687,6 +15721,28 @@ "hash": "0528e271f08adc1f948144b8fbe47dac", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "中国桥牌协会关于发布《中国桥牌协会A类俱乐部管理办法（试行）》的通知", + "description": "中国桥牌协会关于发布《中国桥牌协会A类俱乐部管理办法（试行）》的通知", + "content": "
\n
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\n \n \n 桥牌协字〔2025〕43号\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 中国桥牌协会关于发布\n \n \n \n 《中国桥牌协会A类俱乐部管理办法（试行）》的通知\n \n \n \n \n

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\n \n
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\n \n 各相关单位和个人：\n \n

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\n \n 为加强中国桥牌协会A类俱乐部规范化管理，促进A类俱乐部健康发展，提高桥牌运动竞技水平，中国桥牌协会制定了《中国桥牌协会A类俱乐部管理办法（试行）》。经广泛征求意见和公示，现正式发布，请参照执行。\n \n

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\n \n 中国桥牌协会\n \n

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\n \n 2025年8月5日\n \n

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\n \n \n \n \n 中国桥牌协会A类俱乐部管理办法（试行）\n \n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 第一章  总则\n \n \n \n

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\n \n 第一条  《中国桥牌协会章程》和《中国桥牌协会会员管理办法》规定，桥牌俱乐部是开展群众性桥牌活动，普及桥牌知识，提高桥牌技术水平的基层桥牌活动组织，A类俱乐部为培养高水平牌手的俱乐部，由中国桥牌协会直接管理。\n \n

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\n \n 第二条  为加强A类俱乐部的管理，规范A类俱乐部，促进A类俱乐部的健康发展，提高我国桥牌运动水平，根据《中国桥牌协会章程》和《中国桥牌协会会员管理办法》，特制定本办法。\n \n

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\n \n \n 第二章  A类俱乐部的权利和义务\n \n \n

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\n \n 第三条  A类俱乐部的权利\n \n

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\n \n 一、有权参加中国桥牌协会会员代表大会，拥有表决权；\n \n

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\n \n 二、有权代表中国桥牌协会组队参加国际比赛；\n \n

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\n \n 三、有权参加中国桥牌协会举办的相关比赛和活动；\n \n

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\n \n 四、有权申请承办中国桥牌协会组织的各类全国比赛和活动；\n \n

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\n \n 五、有权申请举办获得中国桥牌协会大师分的比赛；\n \n

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\n \n 六、有权获得中国桥牌协会资料、技术指导和咨询；\n \n

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\n \n 七、有权为桥牌爱好者提供有偿服务；\n \n

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\n \n 八、对本俱乐部的注册牌手在合同期限内有所有权；\n \n

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\n \n 九、有权监督中国桥牌协会的工作；\n \n

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\n \n 十、有退会的权利。\n \n

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\n \n 第四条  A类俱乐部的义务\n \n

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\n \n 一、遵守《中国桥牌协会章程》和本管理办法，执行中国桥牌协会决议；\n \n

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\n \n 二、按要求进行年度注册，按时缴纳会费；\n \n

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\n \n 三、接受中国桥牌协会的指导和检查；\n \n

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\n \n 四、规范俱乐部管理制度，和A类俱乐部内的注册牌手签订有法律效力的工作协议或合同并履行相应的职责，保证本俱乐部注册牌手的生活条件，为牌手提供良好的训练比赛条件；\n \n

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\n \n 五、参加中国桥牌协会专为A类俱乐部设置的比赛；\n \n

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\n \n 六、支持和参加中国桥牌协会组织的各类比赛和活动；\n \n

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\n \n 七、支持和配合所在地桥牌协会的工作；\n \n

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\n \n 八、支持国家桥牌队的工作，对本俱乐部入选国家桥牌队的教练员、运动员保证其合同期内的待遇不降低；\n \n

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\n \n 九、积极培养后备力量，给青年牌手提供学习和参赛机会；\n \n

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\n \n 十、承担中国桥牌协会委托的工作。\n \n

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\n \n \n 第三章  A类俱乐部的注册\n \n \n

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\n \n 第五条  中国桥牌协会于每年的12月至次年2月期间进行A类俱乐部的年度注册（包含在单位会员年度注册中）。未注册或注册不合格的俱乐部，其A类俱乐部资格暂停。\n \n

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\n \n 第六条  A类俱乐部的基本条件\n \n

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\n \n 一、承认《中国桥牌协会章程》；\n \n

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\n \n 二、能够行使A类俱乐部的权利，履行A类俱乐部的义务；\n \n

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\n \n 三、拥有注册年度的A类俱乐部资格；\n \n

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\n \n 四、有规范的名称、章程和相应的管理机构；\n \n

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\n \n 五、有固定的活动场所；\n \n

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\n \n 六、有合法的资金，保障俱乐部的运转；\n \n

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\n \n 七、有高水平桥牌运动队，有专职管理人员，有教练员、注册牌手（至少4名）；\n \n

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\n \n 八、经市场监督管理部门或社团登记管理部门注册。\n \n

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\n \n 第七条  年度注册时应提交的材料\n \n

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\n \n 一、中国桥牌协会A类俱乐部年度注册登记表；\n \n

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\n \n 二、市场监督管理部门或社团登记管理部门注册年度有效的注册证书复印件；\n \n

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\n \n 三、俱乐部章程（仅首次注册的A类俱乐部或章程有修改的俱乐部需提交）；\n \n

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\n \n 四、俱乐部全体注册牌手签字的确认函，确认俱乐部与每位牌手均签订了具有法律效力的协议或合同；\n \n

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\n \n 五、A类俱乐部年度会费人民币贰仟元整。\n \n

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\n \n 第八条  有下列情形之一的，不予注册：\n \n

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\n \n 一、其宗旨、业务范围违反国家宪法、法律、法规的；\n \n

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\n \n 二、俱乐部发起人或责任人正在受到剥夺政治权利的刑事处罚，或者不具有完全民事行为能力的；\n \n

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\n \n 三、未能履行与俱乐部注册牌手之间有法律效力的协议或合同，尚未解决相应的法律问题的；\n \n

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\n \n 四、在注册中弄虚作假的；\n \n

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\n \n 五、未能在上一年度完成中国桥牌协会专为A类俱乐部所设置比赛的；\n \n

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\n \n 六、有法律、行政法规禁止的其他情形的。\n \n

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\n \n \n 第四章  A类俱乐部资格\n \n \n

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\n \n 第九条  A类俱乐部年度注册资格限定为16个。分别为：\n \n

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\n \n 一、上年度全国桥牌A类俱乐部联赛中保留资格的14个俱乐部；\n \n

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\n \n 二、上年度全国桥牌A类俱乐部资格赛中获得前两名的2个俱乐部。\n \n

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\n \n 第十条  A类俱乐部资格所有人\n \n

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\n \n A类俱乐部资格所有人可以是自然人、法人或自然人、法人按股份持有。A类俱乐部资格所有人与A类俱乐部实体不一致的情况，必须在A类俱乐部年度注册时加以说明。A类俱乐部资格所有人的转移必须报中国桥牌协会备案。通过A类俱乐部资格赛取得的A类俱乐部资格，应在报名参加资格赛时说明其所有人。\n \n

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\n \n 第十一条  A类俱乐部资格空缺的补充\n \n

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\n \n 因持有人放弃，或因法律、纪律原因受到强制处理、处分等使A类俱乐部资格出现空缺时，依次通过减少A类俱乐部联赛淘汰俱乐部、增加A类俱乐部资格赛出线俱乐部的方式补充。当以上两种方式均无法补足16个俱乐部时，该资格在当年被取消。\n \n

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\n \n 第十二条  A类俱乐部资格所有人须保证，以其资格注册的A类俱乐部严格遵守中国桥牌协会的有关规定，并承担因俱乐部的违规行为造成失去A类俱乐部资格的后果。\n \n

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\n \n 第十三条  A类俱乐部资格可转让。A类俱乐部资格所有人的转移不设时间限制，但须向中国桥牌协会办理相应的备案手续。资格的转让按年度进行。\n \n

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\n \n \n 第五章  A类俱乐部的运动队\n \n \n

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\n \n 第十四条  A类俱乐部至少应有一支高水平的桥牌运动队。运动队应有管理人员，负责组织运动队的训练比赛和日常管理工作。\n \n

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\n \n 第十五条  高水平桥牌运动队\n \n

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\n \n 一、至少应有教练员1名（可由牌手兼任）、注册牌手4名；\n \n

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\n \n 二、应参加中国桥牌协会专为A类俱乐部设置的比赛，积极参加其他国内外高水平桥牌比赛，努力提高技术水平。\n \n

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\n \n 第十六条  桥牌后备运动队\n \n

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\n \n 一、中国桥牌协会鼓励A类俱乐部建立后备运动队；\n \n

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\n \n 二、A类俱乐部的后备运动队可以A类俱乐部二队的名义报名参加全国桥牌俱乐部锦标赛而不需要注册新的单位会员，二队的运动员须全部为30周岁（含）以下（以身份证出生年份为准）。\n \n

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\n \n \n 第六章  注册牌手的管理\n \n \n

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\n \n 第十七条  A类俱乐部的注册牌手指具有较高的桥牌水平，与A类俱乐部签订有法律效力的协议或合同，且在中国桥牌协会完成年度注册的桥牌运动员；\n \n

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\n \n 第十八条  注册牌手的薪资及相关待遇通过注册牌手与俱乐部之间的协议予以保障；\n \n

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\n \n 第十九条  注册牌手职责\n \n

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\n \n 一、钻研桥牌技术，提高桥牌运动的技术水平；\n \n

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\n \n 二、注重自身修养，提高桥牌运动的社会形象；\n \n

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\n \n 三、宣传推广桥牌，提高桥牌运动的社会认知度；\n \n

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\n \n 四、服从俱乐部的管理，遵守与俱乐部签订的协议或合同的相关内容。\n \n

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\n \n 第二十条  牌手的注册\n \n

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\n \n 一、牌手的年度注册时间为每年的12月至次年2月期间（具体时间以中国桥牌协会每年公布为准）；\n \n

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\n \n 二、牌手的注册由俱乐部代为进行。\n \n

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\n \n 第二十一条  权利的保障\n \n

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\n \n A类俱乐部与注册牌手之间因未能履行协议或合同的约定发生纠纷，中国桥牌协会根据双方具有法律效力的协议或合同的内容，对其中涉及的各方权利给予协调保障。\n \n

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\n \n \n 第七章  A类俱乐部的转让\n \n \n

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\n \n 第二十二条  A类俱乐部转让分整体转让和资格转让两类。\n \n

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\n \n 一、整体转让\n \n

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\n \n （一）整体转让指受让方将继承原俱乐部的全部债权、债务，全部履行原俱乐部与他人签订的各类协议，完成原俱乐部的比赛；\n \n

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\n \n （二）整体转让可以在双方达成协议的任何时间进行，双方的转让协议应报中国桥牌协会备案；\n \n

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\n \n （三）完成整体转让后的俱乐部，可以立即进行变更名称的手续。\n \n

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\n \n 二、资格转让\n \n

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\n \n （一）资格转让指受让方只取得原俱乐部的A类俱乐部资格，不继承原俱乐部的债权、债务的转让行为；\n \n

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\n \n （二）资格转让必须经原俱乐部及与俱乐部的协议在有效期的各方（如与原俱乐部存在协议的运动员）全部同意后方可进行。资格转让报中国桥牌协会备案时应附全部各方的同意书；\n \n

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\n \n （三）资格转让只能按新的注册年度进行。\n \n

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\n \n \n 第八章  A类俱乐部的退出和处罚\n \n \n

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\n \n 第二十三条  自由退出\n \n

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\n \n 一、A类俱乐部有退出的权利和自由；\n \n

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\n \n 二、A类俱乐部自愿退出，必须以来函的形式正式通知中国桥牌协会；\n \n

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\n \n 三、A类俱乐部退出前须妥善处理尚在有效期内的与各方签订的相关协议；\n \n

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\n \n 四、A类俱乐部退出后不再享有A类俱乐部的权利；\n \n

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\n \n 五、退出俱乐部的A类俱乐部资格由中国桥牌协会收回，按资格空缺程序处理。\n \n

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\n \n
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\n \n 第二十四条  中国桥牌协会对A类俱乐部的处罚措施\n \n

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\n \n 中国桥牌协会对有下列情况之一的A类俱乐部，根据《中国桥牌协会会员管理办法》《桥牌赛事纪律准则与处罚规定》，视情节严重给予相关处罚直至取消其A类俱乐部资格：\n \n

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\n \n 一、不履行注册手续的；\n \n

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\n \n 二、违反中国桥牌协会有关规定，情节严重的；\n \n

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\n \n 三、不履行俱乐部与他人签订的协议，情节严重的；\n \n

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\n \n 四、在以A类俱乐部名义参加的比赛中，违反赛风赛纪，情节严重的；\n \n

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\n \n 五、未完成中国桥牌协会专门为A类俱乐部所设置比赛的；\n \n

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\n \n 六、触犯国家法律，被当地民政部门取缔或市场监督管理部门吊销营业执照的。\n \n

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\n \n \n 第九章  附则\n \n \n

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\n \n 第二十五条  本管理办法的解释权归中国桥牌协会。\n \n

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\n \n
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\n \n 第二十六条  本管理办法自2025年9月1日起施行。\n \n

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\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/Qj69Z1JJ5neJK9Yi7ZNmTg", + "creator": "中国桥牌协会", + "pubDate": "Wed, 06 Aug 2025 19:06:32 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax7aicicibPviazHUwZlVPqk4cruSc8pMgWlRLDNxY1H9VBIX4qI0EuoE2bfONh7VTzDPJ7aUYGC1Wp6Lg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax7aicicibPviazHUwZlVPqk4cruSc8pMgWlRLDNxY1H9VBIX4qI0EuoE2bfONh7VTzDPJ7aUYGC1Wp6Lg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2651310907_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "中国桥牌协会", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "db13e31e38d803bb92e57f5a7f92812a", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "“奔跑吧·少年”小牌手风采——苌柏涵", "description": "智慧奔跑，赴成长之约！", @@ -14709,6 +15765,28 @@ "hash": "4e8bf971f63b41b4c95d56ab261240af", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "2025年全国桥牌通讯系列赛8月3日（上海赛区）比赛举行", + "description": "2025年全国桥牌通讯系列赛8月3日（上海赛区）比赛举行", + "content": "
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\n

\n \n \n 在全国第十七个“全民健身日”即将到来之际，8月3日下午上海市桥牌协会在世博展览馆市桥协“桥牌之家”主赛场及全市16个基层活动站同时、同场、同步\n \n \n \n \n \n 、同牌\n \n \n \n \n \n 举行“全民健身、智慧出众”2025年全国桥牌通讯系列赛8月（上海赛区）比赛，本市11家单位，开设了16条专线，近400位桥牌爱好者及部分中小学生在家门口参加了全国桥牌通讯赛比赛，上海再次在建赛线数、参赛人数上名列前茅。\n \n \n

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\n

\n \n \n 本次上海赛区比赛反映出三个特点：一是每月一次全国桥牌通讯赛己经形成广大基层桥牌爱好者最为期待的一项全国性比赛；二是“全民健身、智慧出众”主题口号已在桥牌人中形成响亮的品牌口号；三是全国桥牌通讯赛已串连起不同年龄、不同姓别、不同行业、不同爱好人同场竞技、共同追求的智力运动项目之一。\n \n \n

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\n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 本次全民健身日全国桥牌通讯赛（上海赛区）比赛由上海市棋牌运动管理中心、上海市桥牌协会主办，各相关单位承办。\n \n \n

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\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/ros7OnxfOr-IAAZ1NY_QdA", + "creator": "中国桥牌协会", + "pubDate": "Tue, 05 Aug 2025 19:50:05 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax625ibibMIIzBss3jsaHialJxYPq8IC92NNaSCJSWZQucXVkRq8TyYcPOgrZwsqMicuZrag8uVOlVeOYw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax625ibibMIIzBss3jsaHialJxYPq8IC92NNaSCJSWZQucXVkRq8TyYcPOgrZwsqMicuZrag8uVOlVeOYw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2651310878_4", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "中国桥牌协会", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "eeaf7f5338a73feae17c59e271caf3d6", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "2025年全国桥牌通讯系列赛全民健身日专场赛(宁波赛区)", "description": "2025年全国桥牌通讯系列赛全民健身日专场赛(宁波赛区)", @@ -14731,6 +15809,28 @@ "hash": "5bfbd4deecff177a34a20de31382a444", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "“奔跑吧·少年”小牌手风采——李易洋", + "description": "智慧奔跑，赴成长之约！", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 由国家体育总局棋牌运动管理中心、中国桥牌协会主办的\n \n “奔跑吧·少年”桥牌系列赛事活动\n \n 自启动以来，得到了广泛关注与积极参与。通过全国桥牌少年智慧接力赛、全国桥牌青少年夏令营以及桥牌“进校园”等赛事活动开展，为青少年桥牌爱好者搭建友谊之“桥”、快乐之“桥”。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 特别在\n \n 8月8日\n \n 我国第17个“全民健身日”即将到来之际，小牌手们以梦为马，不负韶华，\n \n 智慧奔跑，赴成长之约！\n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/8paJ_Q000SXDBzCsrxPJKA", + "creator": "中国桥牌协会", + "pubDate": "Tue, 05 Aug 2025 19:50:05 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax7ibwg1bgM5UriayZ4PkfpWWMn2TMhXwaibMeMHBvqp8DFgPiaUFuicnTYIM4U0dGiclibWKTOicMQLaOOZqQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax7ibwg1bgM5UriayZ4PkfpWWMn2TMhXwaibMeMHBvqp8DFgPiaUFuicnTYIM4U0dGiclibWKTOicMQLaOOZqQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2651310878_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "中国桥牌协会", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "31841d736b83121b2e35dc8b98304652", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "2025年全国桥牌综合锦标赛开赛在即，参赛之余感受上海嘉定独特魅力！", "description": "2025年全国桥牌综合锦标赛开赛在即，参赛之余感受上海嘉定独特魅力！", @@ -14753,6 +15853,28 @@ "hash": "ef06ee30d39fad6a177388e3354827bb", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "全民健身桥牌同行 桥友避暑赛事相伴", + "description": "全民健身桥牌同行 桥友避暑赛事相伴", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 8月3日下午，“全民健身，智慧出众”2025年全国桥牌通讯系列赛“全民健身日”专场在全国各地同时开赛。湖北赛区11个单位创建15条赛线共组织127对254名桥牌爱好者参加比赛。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 湖北省桥牌协会将通讯赛“全民健身日”专场湖北省主赛场设在恩施州利川市，将“全民健身，智慧出众”2025年全国桥牌通讯系列赛“全民健身日”专场与“清凉一夏”桥牌系列活动有机结合起来，推进“桥牌+旅游”融合，丰富桥友避暑文化生活，推动全民健身运动发展。桥友避暑，赛事相伴。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 在湖北恩施鹿院坪，武汉市桥牌协会桥牌夏令营成员和集贤社区桥牌活动站避暑桥友一起参加通讯赛“全民健身日”专场，享受清凉度夏与桥牌活动的双重快乐。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 武汉市航侧社区桥牌活动站组织桥友到重庆黄水镇避暑旅行，将通讯赛赛场办到了避暑驻地，桥牌推动跨区域旅游发展。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 湖北赛区黄石、襄阳、宜昌、十堰和咸宁分赛场，武汉市省电社区桥牌活动站和青山区社区桥牌活动站分赛场深受桥牌爱好者热捧，坚持创建通讯赛赛线，服务桥友。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 武汉市青山区社区桥牌活动站分赛场\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 全民健身，智慧出众；全民健身，桥牌同行。\n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/063DY0KgeFkLnnXv-WyAvA", + "creator": "中国桥牌协会", + "pubDate": "Mon, 04 Aug 2025 16:03:15 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax7ibwg1bgM5UriayZ4PkfpWWMNc56vpDOJxcdJQFCUQU9hbtwpfjb3trKUMX2PfHIQeHWsxbGupq3Iw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax7ibwg1bgM5UriayZ4PkfpWWMNc56vpDOJxcdJQFCUQU9hbtwpfjb3trKUMX2PfHIQeHWsxbGupq3Iw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2651310838_4", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "中国桥牌协会", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "2883597f45293b3514c6e9d0f50c6925", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "“全民健身，智慧出众，全民健身，桥牌同行”2025年全国桥牌通讯系列赛\"全民健身日\"专场成都赛区掠影", "description": "“全民健身，智慧出众，全民健身，桥牌同行”2025年全国桥牌通讯系列赛\"全民健身日\"专场成都赛区掠影", @@ -14775,6 +15897,28 @@ "hash": "47a48f470517f923baf822617372fdb0", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "“奔跑吧·少年”小牌手风采——王浩宁", + "description": "智慧奔跑，赴成长之约！", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 由国家体育总局棋牌运动管理中心、中国桥牌协会主办的\n \n “奔跑吧·少年”桥牌系列赛事活动\n \n 自启动以来，得到了广泛关注与积极参与。通过全国桥牌少年智慧接力赛、全国桥牌青少年夏令营以及桥牌“进校园”等赛事活动开展，为青少年桥牌爱好者搭建友谊之“桥”、快乐之“桥”。\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n

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\n \n 特别在\n \n 8月8日\n \n 我国第17个“全民健身日”即将到来之际，小牌手们以梦为马，不负韶华，\n \n 智慧奔跑，赴成长之约！\n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/MBJMpjgKeUxoklLraOudIQ", + "creator": "中国桥牌协会", + "pubDate": "Mon, 04 Aug 2025 16:03:15 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax7ibwg1bgM5UriayZ4PkfpWWMZ5zvvac0wp2j5l47qWGjsasVGD9nryJ20tfmpsnte7EIEJIHxwVib1w/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax7ibwg1bgM5UriayZ4PkfpWWMZ5zvvac0wp2j5l47qWGjsasVGD9nryJ20tfmpsnte7EIEJIHxwVib1w/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2651310838_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "中国桥牌协会", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "aaa7376a975ce9ec2da716e37a3391dd", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "陈一超刘英皓北美夏季大赛斯平果尔德杯夺冠", "description": "中国牌手集齐北美三大杯", @@ -14797,6 +15941,28 @@ "hash": "a9c30fc59be6d6a83c7826a89f7e0f3a", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "通讯赛“全民健身日”专场在全国争先举办", + "description": "通讯赛“全民健身日”专场在全国争先举办", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 8月3日下午，由国家体育总局棋牌运动管理中心、中国桥牌协会主办的“全民健身，智慧出众”2025年全国桥牌通讯系列赛“全民健身日”专场赛事在全国各地火热举办。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 北京主会场\n \n 设立于北京市海淀区联想集团总部，由北京市桥牌协会承办。共设立11条赛线，涵盖了公开组、老年组、高校组、青少年组及基层桥牌协会、活动站组等，除北京当地牌手外，还邀请了天津和河北的牌手代表。\n \n

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\n \n \n 中国桥牌协会主席刘晓江肯定全国桥牌通讯赛举办\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 88桌\n \n \n \n 352名京津冀桥牌爱好者在\n \n 8月8日\n \n 我国第17个“全民健身日”到来之际，和全国牌友同场竞技、一较高下！\n \n

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\n \n \n 北京主会场\n \n \n

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\n \n 全国各分赛场同样精彩纷呈。\n \n \n \n 上海、江苏、湖北、宁波、成都\n \n \n \n 等示范赛区结合自身资源和特点，以赛事为平台，推进桥牌普及进景区、进街区、进商圈，进社区、进学校、进机关单位，力争办好群众身边的桥牌赛事。\n \n

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\n \n \n 上海分会场\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 江苏分会场\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 湖北分会场\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 宁波分会场\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 成都分会场\n \n \n

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\n \n 安徽、河南、四川、云南及新疆维吾尔自治区等省级桥牌协会也设立赛场，各基层桥牌协会、全国桥牌基层活动站、俱乐部、学校等积极参与其中，赛场内外全民健身氛围热闹非凡，为桥牌爱好者的休闲生活增添了智慧乐趣。\n \n

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\n \n 值得一提的是，全民健身日通讯赛专场将在线上延续，从8月3日至9日，连续7天通过金桥在线和新睿桥牌网络平台，让爱好者足享以牌会友、竞技交流的乐趣！\n \n

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\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/carTJt8xMEyq8NmgVQffwg", + "creator": "中国桥牌协会", + "pubDate": "Sun, 03 Aug 2025 21:23:07 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax493AYC3L107LS26LIffeR7NPkP2Ot6ra3YUCsGM2ld52ojK2XYEQpYichjJMg9fgdSe03yqQB6YIg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax493AYC3L107LS26LIffeR7NPkP2Ot6ra3YUCsGM2ld52ojK2XYEQpYichjJMg9fgdSe03yqQB6YIg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2651310772_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "中国桥牌协会", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "15b833aac80e96c5b05a92a6d76cd705", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "桥牌夏令营河北分营第三日 红色洗礼铸精神，名师点津砺牌技", "description": "桥牌夏令营河北分营第三日 红色洗礼铸精神，名师点津砺牌技", @@ -14819,6 +15985,28 @@ "hash": "1ca0f35fec5074bfe14d2c8d96162507", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "关于举办2025年中国大学生桥牌锦标赛暨第17届中国高校“校长杯”桥牌邀请赛的通知", + "description": "关于举办2025年中国大学生桥牌锦标赛暨第17届中国高校“校长杯”桥牌邀请赛的通知", + "content": "
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\n \n \n \n \n 关于举办2025年中国大学生桥牌锦标赛\n \n \n \n 暨第17届中国高校“校长杯”桥牌邀请赛的通知\n \n \n \n \n \n

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\n \n 中国学生体育联合会各会员单位：\n \n

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\n \n 根据《中国学生体育联合会关于印发2025年竞赛计划的通知》（学体联（2025）4号），中国学生体育联合会、中国桥牌协会定于2025年8月26日-30日在浙江省湖州市举办2025年中国大学生桥牌锦标赛暨第17届中国高校“校长杯”桥牌邀请赛。现将本次比赛的竞赛规程印发给你们，请按照竞赛规程的相关规定组织执行。\n \n

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\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 附件：2025年中国大学生桥牌锦标赛暨第17届中国高校“校长杯”桥牌邀请赛竞赛规程\n \n \n

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\n \n 中学生体育联合会\n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 中国桥牌协会\n \n \n

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\n \n 2025年7月8日\n \n

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\n \n 抄送：教育部直属机关工会、中国学生体育联合会大学桥牌分会、湖州市体育局、康湃思（北京）体育管理有限公司、湖州市体育产业发展有限公司\n \n

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\n \n \n \n 附件：\n \n \n \n 2025年中国大学生桥牌锦标赛暨第17届中国高校“校长杯”桥牌邀请赛竞赛规程\n \n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 一、主办单位\n \n \n \n

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\n \n 中国学生体育联合会\n \n

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\n \n 中国桥牌协会\n \n

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\n \n \n 二、执行单位\n \n \n

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\n \n 中国学生体育联合会大学桥牌分会\n \n

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\n \n \n 三、承办单位\n \n \n

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\n \n 湖州市体育局\n \n

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\n \n \n 四、运营单位\n \n \n

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\n \n 康湃思（北京）体育管理有限公司\n \n

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\n \n \n 五、合作单位\n \n \n

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\n \n 湖州市体育产业发展有限公司\n \n

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\n \n \n 六、比赛时间和地点\n \n \n

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\n \n （一）锦标赛\n \n

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\n \n 1.报到时间：2025年8月25日17点前\n \n

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\n \n 2.竞赛时间：2025年8月26日—29日\n \n

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\n \n 3.离会时间：2025年8月30日14点\n \n

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\n \n 4.竞赛地点：浙江省湖州市太湖龙之梦雅仕酒店\n \n

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\n \n （二）校长杯\n \n

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\n \n 1.报到时间：2025年8月28日18点前\n \n

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\n \n 2.竞赛时间：2025年8月29日—30日\n \n

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\n \n 3.离会时间：2025年8月30日14点前\n \n

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\n \n 4.竞赛地点：浙江省湖州市太湖龙之梦雅仕酒店\n \n

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\n \n \n 七、竞赛项目\n \n \n

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\n \n （一）锦标赛\n \n

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\n \n 公开团体赛、女子团体赛、公开双人赛、女子双人赛\n \n

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\n \n （二）校长杯\n \n

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\n \n 桥牌双人赛\n \n

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\n \n \n 八、运动员资格\n \n \n

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\n \n （一）基本条件\n \n

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\n \n 1.具有中华人民共和国国籍。\n \n

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\n \n 2.参赛单位必须赛前为所有参赛人员办理人身意外保险并开具体检证明，证明适宜参加所报竞赛项目。\n \n

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\n \n 3.获奖队员将授予中国桥协大师分，要求参赛队员是中国桥牌协会的非欠费会员。否则不会授予大师分。\n \n

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\n \n （二）锦标赛\n \n

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\n \n 1.报名时应具有所代表学校学籍的普通高等学校学生。成人高等教育系列的学生不得报名。\n \n

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\n \n 2.思想进步、文化课考核合格，遵守有关反兴奋剂管理规定。\n \n

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\n \n （三）校长杯\n \n

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\n \n 1.每对参赛运动员中要求至少一名为中国高校校级（副厅级以上）或教育厅（教委）副厅（局）级以上领导，教育部参赛运动员应是副局（司）级以上领导。\n \n

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\n \n 2.参赛运动员参赛年龄上限不超过70周岁（1955年6月30日以后出生）。\n \n

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\n \n \n 九、参加办法\n \n \n

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\n \n （一）锦标赛\n \n

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\n \n 1.以学校为单位组队报名参赛，每单位每个团体项目限报1队。\n \n

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\n \n 2.每队可报领队1人，教练员1—2人，公开团体赛、女子团体赛运动员各4—6人。参加团体赛的队员才可参加双人赛。\n \n

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\n \n （二）校长杯\n \n

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\n \n 1.参赛运动员须来自同一单位。\n \n

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\n \n 2.每队可报领队1人、教练员2人，运动员不超过3对。\n \n

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\n \n 3.每对参赛选手中至少一人为校级领导，另一人可为所在学校正式编制教职工或有正式学籍的学生。\n \n

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\n \n 4.以教育部直属机关为参赛单位的每对参赛选手中至少有一名副局（司）级以上领导。\n \n

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\n \n （三）报名办法\n \n

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\n \n 1.各参赛单位按要求填写报名表（附件1、2），并打印加盖单位公章，于2025年8月11日前将盖章报名表电子扫描件（PDF格式）和报名表（未加盖公章的WORD格式）以电子邮件的方式发送至qiaopai@lixin.edu.cn，一经报名不得更改。\n \n

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\n \n 2.各参赛队在报名结束后，如运动员不能按时参赛，须由所在学校出具说明材料提交至组委会，同时不能进行人员递补，如有无故弃赛情况，将取消所在学校各奖项评选资格。\n \n

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\n \n \n 十、竞赛办法\n \n \n

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\n \n （一）锦标赛\n \n

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\n \n 1.比赛执行中国桥牌协会审定的2018年《中国桥牌竞赛规则》及最新版《中国桥牌竞赛规则补充规定》。\n \n

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\n \n 2.公开团体赛、女子团体赛视报名队数确定具体竞赛办法，在比赛补充规定中说明。\n \n

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\n \n 3.公开双人赛、女子双人赛均分别进行一场比赛，采用分组米切尔制，打18副牌，按全场统一计分方式计算成绩。\n \n

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\n \n 4.比赛由裁判长主持抽签。\n \n

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\n \n 5.每对牌手须提前填好自己的中文体系卡一式三份，一份于报到时交大会竞赛组备案，另两份于比赛时带至赛桌。\n \n

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\n \n 6.比赛不得使用黄色（高度非自然）叫牌体系。不得使用人为怪异约定叫（禁止持极弱牌进行争叫或应叫）。不得使用棕色约定叫。\n \n

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\n \n （二）校长杯\n \n

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\n \n 采用双人赛形式，执行2018年《中国桥牌竞赛规则》。打三场比赛，每场18副牌。每位选手须准备好自己的纸质中文体系卡上场比赛。\n \n

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\n \n \n 十一、录取名次及奖励办法\n \n \n

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\n \n （一）录取名次\n \n

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\n \n 1.锦标赛\n \n

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\n \n (1) 团体赛录取前八名。双人赛成绩按南北、东西双方向排名，录取前八名。\n \n

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\n \n (2) 参赛不足八队（对）的比赛，按实际参赛队（对）减一录取。\n \n

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\n \n 2.校长杯\n \n

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\n \n 比赛成绩按南北、东西双方向排名，录取前八名。\n \n

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\n \n （二）奖励办法\n \n

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\n \n 1.获得前八名的运动队（员）颁发成绩证书；获得前三名的运动队（员）颁发奖杯（牌）。\n \n

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\n \n 2.锦标赛将评选“体育道德风尚奖”（运动队、运动员、教练员、裁判员）并颁发荣誉证书，评选办法另行通知。\n \n

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\n \n 3.本次锦标赛成绩将作为报名参加2026年世界大学生智力运动会桥牌项目的参考。\n \n

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\n \n \n 十二、报到\n \n \n

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\n \n （一）报到地点\n \n

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\n \n 浙江省湖州市太湖龙之梦雅仕酒店（地址：太湖图影旅游度假区碧岩村杨小线与太湖古镇交叉口）。\n \n

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\n \n （二）交验材料\n \n

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\n \n 1.本人第二代居民身份证或其他身份证明文件；\n \n

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\n \n 2.报名表原件；\n \n

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\n \n 3.教育部学籍在线验证报告或加盖学校公章的招生大表；\n \n

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\n \n 4.保险单据（各参赛代表队所有人员须自行购买关于本次比赛的人身意外伤害保险，保障内容包括：意外身故和残疾（保额不低于10万）；意外医疗（包含门急诊和住院费用，保额不低于2万）；保险有效期时间须包括往返途中）；\n \n

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\n \n 5.二级（含）以上医院体检证明；\n \n

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\n \n 6.自愿参赛责任及风险告知书（附件3）；\n \n

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\n \n 7.本校2号（160cm*240cm）校旗。\n \n

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\n \n 以上材料不全或不符合要求者不得参赛。\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 十三、开闭幕式、颁奖仪式、联席会须知\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 各参赛队伍须按组委会要求参加开幕式、闭幕式、颁奖仪式及领队、教练员赛前联席会，无故不参加者，取消比赛资格或比赛成绩。\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 十四、技术官员\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 根据《中国学生体育联合会裁判员选派管理办法（试行）》及《中国学生体育联合会运动员资格审查办法（试行）》。资格审查委员会和技术代表、仲裁委员会成员，裁判长、副裁判长、骨干临场裁判员等由中国学生体育联合会、中国桥牌协会选派。\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 十五、经费\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 1.食宿费：为保障赛事安全，本次比赛食宿由组委会统一安排，参赛人员食宿费自理，由提供食宿服务单位自行收取并开具发票，锦标赛收费标准为330元/人/天、校长杯收费标准参照《中央和国家机关工作人员赴地方差旅住宿费标准明细表》，超编人员不予接待。\n \n

\n

\n \n 2.申诉费：参赛单位提出申诉时，须向资格和纪律监督委员会或仲裁委员会交纳申诉费2000元，胜诉退还申诉费，败诉申诉费由会组委会代收后上交中国学生体育联合会。\n \n

\n

\n \n 3.保证金：为加强对参赛队伍的管理，保证赛会各项工作的顺利进行，各参赛队伍在比赛期间须交纳保证金，每队3000元，在比赛期间未违反相关规定的代表队，将如数退还保证金。\n \n

\n

\n \n 4.其他费用自理。\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 十六、赛风赛纪\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 1.各参赛院校应加强赛风赛纪管理。\n \n

\n

\n \n 2.组委会将按照《全国学生体育竞赛纪律处罚规定》和赛会相关规定对违反赛风赛纪规定的运动队（员）及其所在单位进行处理。\n \n

\n

\n \n 3.赛会期间如对参赛运动员资格问题有异议，可向大会资格审查委员会提交领队签字的申诉报告、相关材料、申诉费。\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 十七、联系人及联系方式\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 朱  晶（赛区联系人），\n \n

\n

\n \n 电话：13625822215。\n \n

\n

\n \n 付晓宇（分会联系人），\n \n

\n

\n \n 电话：18021098667。\n \n

\n

\n \n 于洪越（中国学生体育联合会），\n \n

\n

\n \n 电话：010-66093730。\n \n

\n

\n \n \n 十八、未尽事宜，另行通知。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 十九、本规程解释权属中国学生体育联合会和中国桥牌协会。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 附件1：\n \n \n \n \n 2025年中国大学生桥牌锦标赛报名表\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 附件2：\n \n \n \n \n 第17届中国高校“校长杯”桥牌邀请赛报名表\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 附件3：\n \n \n \n \n 自愿参赛责任及风险告知书\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n (点击\n \n \n \n \n 阅读原文\n \n \n \n \n 进行下载)\n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/oyuXXclTyZHW4L0cv-tvtA", + "creator": "中国桥牌协会", + "pubDate": "Fri, 01 Aug 2025 18:19:12 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax60NR8Dn3yZ4azlh0bqpSxBIaN7ia3Y2yJayM1UUxOpQcb7iaEaX8tbjBBhx4q42kTdPZeZyeP1bpnQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax60NR8Dn3yZ4azlh0bqpSxBIaN7ia3Y2yJayM1UUxOpQcb7iaEaX8tbjBBhx4q42kTdPZeZyeP1bpnQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2651310694_3", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "中国桥牌协会", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "e236072ffe1ea5c7aa3c2b354218486b", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "中国桥牌青少年精英赛冠军产生", "description": "北京业之峰队夺得U26组冠军，位育桥牌俱乐部队获得U16组第一名", @@ -14841,6 +16029,28 @@ "hash": "8150f587fe278e48d3b6d1160f28ee7c", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "2025年“业之峰杯”青少年精英赛组图（三）", + "description": "2025年“业之峰杯”青少年精英赛组图（三）", + "content": "
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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/rNsFf9M3uzvNBWhmIWWcEA", + "creator": "中国桥牌协会", + "pubDate": "Thu, 31 Jul 2025 18:09:06 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax5v6ysuTZF1uVvPAVPJ2e4uMvOaT33mrj6X1sha52hF9dia4libdjqbRFBianAE6FiajFtia2iaYZhmgcQQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/71SHwPo8iax5v6ysuTZF1uVvPAVPJ2e4uMvOaT33mrj6X1sha52hF9dia4libdjqbRFBianAE6FiajFtia2iaYZhmgcQQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2651310638_3", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "中国桥牌协会", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "52945f72085fbf5d253136d1427900e6", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "体育总局棋牌中心关于第十五届全运会群众比赛桥牌项目决赛报名的通知", "description": "体育总局棋牌中心关于第十五届全运会群众比赛桥牌项目决赛报名的通知", @@ -15624,6 +16834,28 @@ "image": "http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/IiauGwUia8SMNdBUQVEjV7jic5U7T2S0fibAfqhorcxjYTTqURN4q3dG9SlFiaTdyjpAJkyLJic61RzH4Hf3cEfqd6oA/0?wx_fmt=png", "description": "", "items": [ + { + "title": "日德兰大战——第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛回顾（四）", + "description": "本次世界桥牌团体锦标赛是新任世界桥联主席、瑞典人卡姆拉斯的第一届世锦赛，本次世锦赛秉承了他勤俭办比赛的理念，同时也暴露出世界桥联目前存在的一些问题。", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 新朋友\n \n \n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 点击\n \n \n \n 标兵桥牌\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 关注微信\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 老朋友\n \n \n
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\n \n \n 点击\n \n \n \n 右上角\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 分享本文\n \n \n

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\n \n 世界桥联面临的问题\n \n

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\n \n 本次世界桥牌团体锦标赛是新任世界桥联主席、瑞典人卡姆拉斯的第一届世锦赛，本次世锦赛秉承了他勤俭办比赛的理念，同时也暴露出世界桥联目前存在的一些问题。\n \n

\n

\n \n 勤俭办赛首先体现在开幕式的花絮中，由于航班的原因，卡姆拉斯的托运行李没有随同到达马拉喀什，卡姆拉斯只好身着便装出席开幕式。他在讲话中提到这一点，所以请大家原谅他的着装，同时卡姆拉斯表示这也是好事，因为他不用在开幕式上朗读他事先准备好的6页纸的开幕式致辞，既节约了时间、又节省了纸张。\n \n

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\n \n 卡姆拉斯便装主持开幕式\n \n
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\n \n 勤俭办赛不仅仅从卡姆拉斯的6页纸开始，世界桥联早已取消了纸质公报的印制和发送，在其他环节也已经开始。公报的排版师已经改为远程操作，同时几位公报编辑的工作也改为在家中进行。而发给每位运动员的秩序册，也删掉了世锦赛历史成绩的内容，使得印张数大大减少。\n \n

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\n \n 租用的比赛场地，特别是转播室改为较小的房间，转播也仅安排4桌。同时世界桥联缺乏有经验的转播员，他们不得不现场招募，并且承认，如果招不到合适的转播员，之后将削减转播的桌数。这不得不说是一件非常遗憾的事情，记得在十几年前，世界桥联还有能力自己携带专业的转播员到世锦赛的赛场，那时的转播也更加专业，现在科技和互联网更加发达，但转播的投入却更少了。\n \n

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\n \n 在开闭幕式上，原定的当地风情的演出也都取消，最后，索性连与下一届世锦赛承办方的会旗交接仪式都免了，每次世锦赛闭幕式上世界桥联会歌“今夜无人入睡”，也被卡姆拉斯一句“本次世锦赛闭幕”的结束语所代替。\n \n

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\n \n 大大压缩了开支的世锦赛，依然精彩依旧。不过，本次比赛也出现了一些不和谐的声音。\n \n

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\n \n 本次比赛令人遗憾的一个事件是武汉杯循环赛第15轮中突尼斯队在面对以色列队时，拒绝与以色列进行比赛，突尼斯该场比分记为0分，以色列记为13.23VP。循环赛最终的结果是突尼斯队第22名，以色列队第15名，两个队均未能出线，也未对最终出线队造成很大的影响。这一事件再次成为“政治波及体育”的一个案例，作为国际奥委会的单项体育组织，世界桥联应该对此事件予以表态，根据本次比赛的规程，任何参赛队如果拒绝与对手进行比赛，将被立刻取消比赛资格，并且其所在会员单位可能面临未来一段时间的全球禁赛。但罢赛发生后，突尼斯队仍然被允许参加比赛，世界桥联也没有发表任何关于此次事件的官方声明，甚至在比赛公报中都没有体现出，该场次的对阵与比分被消除了记录。\n \n

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\n \n 武汉杯预赛第15轮，突尼斯对以色列的比赛没有进行\n \n
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\n \n 另外还有比较引人关注的事件是裁判和一些判罚问题。影响最大的应该是混合团体赛1/4淘汰赛罗马尼亚与意大利的结果被更改的事件。\n \n

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\n \n 在这场比赛结束后，意大利以189:188IMP战胜罗马尼亚，可他们的兴奋劲还没等到吃完晚饭，结果就得到了更改。原因是在第四节比赛时，意大利队曾经因为队员违规被判罚3IMP，但此事由于意大利当场的辩解，将判罚取消。因为最终结果是罗马尼亚输1分，所以罗马尼亚在赛后就此判罚向锦标赛委员会提出申诉，经过委员会的研究，最终又把免除意大利3IMP的处罚加在了罗马尼亚身上，因此比分变成了191:189，罗马尼亚获胜，最终罗马尼亚拿到季军。\n \n

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\n \n 这件事情听起来就觉得好像很随意，比赛结果因为罚分而决定，同时先罚、再取消、又罚，总感觉缺乏权威性。\n \n

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\n \n 其实有问题的事情还不止这一出。\n \n

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\n \n 百慕大预赛第21轮，此时关乎于进入淘汰赛的争夺异常激烈。这是第7日比赛的最后一轮，但比赛结束后，迟迟未能更新比分，到了晚上才发现，原来美国1队与新加坡队正在进行重赛。重赛的原因是美国1队与新加坡队的第21轮比赛，双方坐错了位置，比赛无法构成复式，因此组委会决定重赛。但这一决定值得商榷，对这种虽不常见，但确实可能发生的错误，应该有可供查询的相关规定来处理，而重赛则不是最佳方案。首先，重赛用牌由于与正常比赛用牌不一样，就构成了同轮比赛不同牌，也就构成了不公平；其次，由于这是循环赛接近结束的比赛，且双方有一个是竞争出线权的队，另一个是没有任何机会的队，在已知本轮其他场次比分的情况下，这场比赛也会有不公平的因素存在；第三，假如这不是当日最后一场比赛，而是前面两轮中的一轮，没有时间重赛的话，如何处理这一事件？如果坐错位置是双方队员的原因，那么应该按照规定对双方进行扣分处理。当然如果是裁判原因（比如将牌桌位置卡摆错），就另当别论了。\n \n

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\n \n 实际的结果是美国1队大胜新加坡，虽然双方均被扣除2VP（就此来看坐错位置的原因不言而喻），但美国1队仍然重燃杀进淘汰赛的希望，并且在最后两轮的比赛中把握住机会进入了淘汰赛。\n \n

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\n \n 百慕大杯决赛中，瑞士队的卡利塔在一副3♠加倍罚放的牌的叫牌解释上，很有意见，在随后的判罚中，这副牌曾经被改判，挪威队不服提出上诉，结果又改为维持原结果成立，同时扣罚瑞士队3IMP。当裁判长向卡利塔宣布这一结果时，卡利塔非常不满意，认为这与事实严重不符。\n \n

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\n \n 好在这副牌的结果，并未对百慕大杯冠军的归属产生影响，否则不知道会不会有更多的故事发生。\n \n

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\n \n 以上这些事件，只是这次世锦赛的一小部分，裁判和判罚影响比赛结果的事情频频发生，对比赛正常进行非常不利，世界桥联近几年来在比赛中的控制能力有所下降，从2016年世锦赛公开双人赛冠军的错误，到如今频繁地改判，均反映了世界桥联制度设计和执行标准方面的缺失。\n \n

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\n \n 历时14天的世界桥牌团体锦标赛顺利结束了，闭幕式上世界桥联主席卡姆拉斯宣布，2024年的世界桥牌锦标赛，即世界桥牌运动会，将于10月底在阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯举办，这将是15年来南美洲第一次举办世锦赛。\n \n

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\n \n 行文至此，传来了摩洛哥发生大地震的消息，震源中心距离世锦赛主办城市马拉喀什仅仅几十公里，马拉喀什震感明显，老城区损失惨重，库图比亚清真寺的宣礼塔也有摇晃和损伤。作为桥牌人，我们为这座举办过世锦赛的城市默默祈祷，祝愿城市和人民平安度过这一段艰难的时光。\n \n

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\n \n \n \n 全文完\n \n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 日德兰大战——第47届世界桥牌团体锦标赛\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛回顾（三）\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛回顾（二）\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛回顾\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵带你看世锦赛——瑞士大鳄的百慕大杯卫冕之路\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——百慕大杯决赛上半场瑞士领先\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——挪威瑞士进入百慕大杯决赛，中国女队威尼斯杯半决赛失利\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——中国女队威尼斯杯半决赛暂时落后\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——中国女队进入威尼斯杯半决赛\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——世锦赛淘汰赛第一天中国男女队领先\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——世锦赛预赛结束，中国男、女、混合队晋级淘汰赛\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——世锦赛第七天，中国男队浮出水面\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——世锦赛第六天，预赛争夺进入白热化\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——世锦赛第五天，中国老年队三连胜\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——世锦赛第四天，中国混团排名第二\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——世锦赛第三天，中国女队冲进前八\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——世锦赛第二天比赛，中国混团三连胜\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛开幕，首日战况\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 2023年第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛开幕\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛每日一牌——世锦赛前热身牌局\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 2022年世界桥牌团体锦标赛回顾\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛即将开赛——准备就绪、世锦赛即将开锣\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛即将开赛——第45届世界桥牌团体锦标赛回顾\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛即将开赛——第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛前瞻\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛即将开赛——世界桥牌团体锦标赛简介\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 世界桥牌团体锦标赛落幕、齐老板圆梦百慕大杯\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 激战亚平宁——第45届世界桥牌团体锦标赛（一）\n \n \n \n
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\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/4UxoHDvGgZfaUqyx6Xsngg", + "creator": "标兵桥牌", + "pubDate": "Thu, 14 Aug 2025 00:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDRbFju8jH25uCDMoyiajSWOYbPQNJJYlb3oBBpTIbnBNLu5Ke9jib1ejLpwAqVbhQxcoVDSwo0EpiaicQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDRbFju8jH25uCDMoyiajSWOYbPQNJJYlb3oBBpTIbnBNLu5Ke9jib1ejLpwAqVbhQxcoVDSwo0EpiaicQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247512801_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "标兵桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "ba4d57f0ae592978b579a394f81506a3", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "日德兰大战——第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛回顾（三）", "description": "本次世锦赛后，世界桥联公布了世界桥牌历史奖牌榜，本榜单除去计算了2022年世界桥牌综合锦标赛之后新增加的奖牌之外，还重新梳理了自从1937年以来的全部历史成绩。美国在这一奖牌榜上遥遥领先，中国仍然位居第四位。", @@ -15646,6 +16878,28 @@ "hash": "8ba756db03e4db7b6af8d701cafda662", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "日德兰大战——第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛回顾（二）", + "description": "威尼斯杯新军以色列登顶\n随着混合团体武汉杯的创设，原本发展就较为弱势的女子桥牌现在更显青黄不接，很多女子好手都前往混团比赛。但威尼斯杯的竞争却不减当年。", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 新朋友\n \n \n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 点击\n \n \n \n 标兵桥牌\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 关注微信\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 老朋友\n \n \n
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\n \n \n 点击\n \n \n \n 右上角\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 分享本文\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 威尼斯杯新军以色列登顶\n \n \n

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\n \n 随着混合团体武汉杯的创设，原本发展就较为弱势的女子桥牌现在更显青黄不接，很多女子好手都前往混团比赛。但威尼斯杯的竞争却不减当年。\n \n

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\n \n 连续两届威尼斯杯冠军瑞典队，在本次比赛的预赛中创造了一个奇迹，自开赛起连续十八轮全胜，这是世锦赛预赛历史上的记录，让观众们不断询问，“谁能够成为终止瑞典队连胜记录的终结者？”。埃及成为获得这一殊荣的幸运者，接下来海峡两岸的中国台北和中国女队也先后击败了瑞典队。当然这并不能阻止威尼斯杯卫冕冠军遥遥领先晋级淘汰赛。她们的分数超过了百慕大杯、德奥西杯、武汉杯预赛第一名的得分，不过在威尼斯杯预赛中，瑞典只能屈居波兰之后排在第二位。波兰女队在本次威尼斯杯预赛的表现更是奇葩，她们创造的357.32VP的成绩，平均分高达15.54每轮，翻开威尼斯杯预赛的数据统计，波兰三对牌手分别占据了一、二、四名，她们预赛的成绩就不足为奇了。\n \n

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\n \n 威尼斯杯的预赛，很快就形成了9个队抢8个名额的态势，中国女队虽然坎坷，始终在出线的边缘游荡，但却从未失去自己的机会，引用中国女队主教练王晓静的点评，中国女队对强队成绩不差，胜多负少，吃亏在与中游和弱队的比赛，VP拿得不足，也就导致了出线形势一度紧张。最终的第7名也是女队预赛最高名次。\n \n

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\n \n 最令人意想不到的是以色列女队，她们在预赛的中后期始终在晋级线的上下摇摆，最后一场大输给无欲无求的印度，给了这支未来的威尼斯杯冠军一个惊吓，好在后面的追兵没有追上，以色列没有失去创造黑八奇迹的机会。\n \n

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\n \n 以色列队中有两位年仅18岁的小将，她们也是整个世锦赛中年龄最小的选手，由于雏鹰初啼，所以仅在预赛中出场5轮，其余比赛全部由另外四位牌手完成，塔尔姐妹打了21轮，奥苏林/列维打了20轮，淘汰赛更是一节不落，打满全场。\n \n

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\n \n 波兰第一个就挑选了以色列，瑞典选择了她们的近邻挪威，法国选择中国，留下土耳其和美国2队。波兰还选择了法国与中国这一区作为半决赛的对手。\n \n

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\n \n 预赛风光无限的两强显然是状态出得太早，进入淘汰赛马上哑火，波兰和瑞典双双败下阵来，土耳其在与美国2队的比赛中获胜。而中国与法国的比赛，成为一边倒，中国开局获得大胜，第二天的首节又给法国人钉上了最后一颗钉子。\n \n

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\n \n 第一轮淘汰赛，挑选对手的三个队全部失利。\n \n

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\n \n 半决赛，中国面对从未打进过大赛半决赛的以色列女队，发挥不佳，以色列队则更有获胜欲望和运气。不过中国女队毕竟是世界级强队，在最多落后58IMP的情况下仍未放弃，把比分差距追至13IMP，但比赛结束，中国队落败。\n \n

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\n \n 以色列进入威尼斯杯的决赛，对手是上届威尼斯杯亚军土耳其队，土耳其是战胜了美国2队和挪威队进入威尼斯杯决赛的。对于以色列来说，她们已经创造了不仅是以色列女队乃至以色列桥牌的最佳战绩，此前以色列在世锦赛上的最好成绩是1985年以色列男队获得百慕大杯季军，不过以色列女队并不仅满足于进入威尼斯杯决赛，而且要拿到威尼斯杯的冠军。决赛就是在以色列如此坚定的信心下进行的，也让以色列取得了上半场连胜三节、领先78IMP的梦幻开局，当第五节以色列再次大胜，领先幅度已经达到113IMP，决赛已然进入垃圾时间，当双方完成走过场般的最后一节后，以色列女队反而没有了夺冠后的兴奋。\n \n

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\n \n 以色列女队成为威尼斯杯历史上第8个冠军。\n \n

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\n \n 威尼斯杯淘汰赛对阵图\n \n
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\n \n 附加赛中，中国女队战胜挪威获得季军，这也是自从2017年后，中国女队连续三次参加威尼斯杯均登上了领奖台。在有多名新队员、包括第一次参加威尼斯杯的队员组成的情况下，能够获得如此佳绩，也再一次证明了中国女子桥牌在世界上的强队地位。\n \n

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\n \n 德奥西杯丹麦再度圆梦\n \n

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\n \n 众所周知，世锦赛老年赛的主战场主要是欧美之间，因为老年赛是差不多二十年前公开组的翻版，因此美国在德奥西杯中占据绝对优势，加之美国有两支队伍，所以美国的优势更加明显。本次德奥西杯的预赛，美国两个队双双占据了预赛第二名和第三名的位置，第一名则是上届冠军波兰队。德奥西杯最后两个淘汰赛名额在阿根廷、瑞典、荷兰之间展开，最后一轮三个队分别与不同的且均无望晋级的队交锋，结果荷兰大胜锁定一个名额，阿根廷打平，瑞典则小胜4IMP，就是这4IMP，使得瑞典以0.17VP挤掉阿根廷，确保了全欧美队参加德奥西杯的淘汰赛。\n \n

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\n \n 预赛的Butler揭晓后，我们看到年逾85岁的传奇老将哈曼，赫然位列第四名，老哈曼疫情期间身染恶疾，在顽强与病魔作斗争后重返赛场，在桌上仍然是一位让人生畏的牌手，令人不得不佩服。中国老年队的林荣强与陶建华，个人数据排在第十名，也是全部非欧美参赛牌手中排名最高的。\n \n

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\n \n 德奥西杯淘汰赛对阵图\n \n
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\n \n 首轮淘汰赛，波兰挑选荷兰，美国1队选择瑞典，美国2队挑了挪威，剩下丹麦和意大利。波兰同时挑选了美国2队与挪威这场比赛作为半决赛的对手。在领队会上，丹麦队长特意询问，如果两支美国队在1/4淘汰赛中都获胜，如何进行半决赛。得到的回答是两支美国队必须在半决赛碰头，原始的半决赛对阵无效，看来丹麦队早有准备。\n \n

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\n \n 首轮淘汰赛两支美国队和丹麦均轻松获胜，波兰战胜荷兰的比赛却没那么容易。半决赛果然如丹麦队所料，两支美国队提前碰头，经过一场激烈的交锋，美国1队以5IMP之差战胜了老哈曼的美国2队。丹麦队则在半决赛中就展示了他们善于缠斗的顽强精神。半决赛面对上届冠军波兰，丹麦上半场落后，下半场开始逐渐追赶、反超比分，锁定胜利。\n \n

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\n \n 丹麦队2019年在武汉曾经夺得德奥西杯，这是丹麦桥牌第一个世界冠军。本次比赛的丹麦老年队与2019年的队伍相比更换了一对牌手。与美国1队的决赛，丹麦又是在开场就落后，最高分差为32IMP，下半场又一次进入到了丹麦时间。他们先是一点一点蚕食美国队的领先优势，然后在最后一节发起冲锋，在比赛还有三副牌时，丹麦依然落后，他们先在一副3NT中偷袭得手将比分反先，然后又叫上了一个缺两个关键张的满贯，其中缺少将牌K，这张将牌K的位置决定了本次德奥西杯的归属，实际上飞牌中地，丹麦锁定胜局。\n \n

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\n \n 这是本次世锦赛结束最晚的一场比赛，由于是延时转播，所以场外的两队队员和观众、啦啦队并不知道实际的结果，当丹麦队打完出来结算分数时，看到叫到满贯并且做成，不由得纵情欢呼！\n \n

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\n \n \n 桥牌真的就是一项纯运气的游戏！\n \n \n

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\n \n 可以这样理解，但只要你喜欢上桥牌，就会被这项“纯运气”的游戏所吸引。而它带给你的是人生的升华。\n \n

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\n \n 丹麦的国家队，均是业余牌手，丹麦桥协负责旅行与酒店的基础费用和比赛报名费，包括餐费在内的其他费用，都需要牌手自行负担。与美国的客户制不同，北欧的大部分桥牌协会均是这种模式。对桥牌发自内心的热爱是北欧的一贯特点，这也是他们那里很少有桥牌界负面新闻的主要原因。\n \n

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\n \n 武汉杯美国首次捧杯\n \n

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\n \n 世界桥联于2019年在世界桥牌团体锦标赛中设立了独立的混合团体赛，并以首次承办城市中国武汉命名，是为武汉杯的来历。由于近年来混合团体项目大受欢迎，特别是对于颇具女子桥牌实力、男女搭配更佳的国家和地区，加上客户青睐混团项目，使得这一项目的发展非常迅速。\n \n

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\n \n 本届世锦赛武汉杯的预赛阶段争夺同样激烈，黑马比利时在最后几副牌脱颖而出，成为最后一个晋级的队。中国混团队在比赛中发挥平稳，曾经排到第一名，最后以第六名进入淘汰赛。\n \n

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\n \n 武汉杯淘汰赛对阵图\n \n
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\n \n 淘汰赛抽签时，预赛第一名德国队选择了比利时队，也许不仅是比利时最后时刻才进入淘汰赛，而且上届武汉杯德国就淘汰了比利时。但这一次他们有把握吗？果然比利时在上半场十分接近的情况下，下半场展开冲击，将德国队淘汰。预赛第二名罗马尼亚选择了意大利，这场比赛非常有戏剧性，在非常接近的争夺结束后，意大利以1IMP获得胜利，这让他们欣喜若狂，不过这种情绪并没有延续多长时间，原因是罗马尼亚在晚间就比赛期间的一个判罚提出上诉，经过锦标赛委员会的研究，恢复了此前对意大利的3IMP判罚，最终结果变成罗马尼亚以2IMP战胜意大利进入半决赛。预赛第三名法国挑选了中国，法国队是武汉杯的卫冕冠军，实力强劲，中国队则表现不佳，法国队进入半决赛。最后一场淘汰赛留下了两个美国队内战，美国2队技高一筹获得胜利。\n \n

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\n \n 半决赛由比利时对美国2队，本场比赛比利时的黑马褪色，美国2队获胜。另一场半决赛是罗马尼亚与法国，同上届1/4淘汰赛结果一样，法国战胜罗马尼亚后再一次进入决赛。\n \n

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\n \n 武汉杯的决赛颇有戏剧性，美国2队与法国队的对阵，基本上复制了上届武汉杯决赛美国1队与法国队的翻版。美国2队中有4位参加上届决赛的牌手，法国则更换了1位牌手，法国队在第三节打出50:5的高潮，半场比分领先52IMP，但下半场开始的第四节美国人疯狂刷出60:0的狂飙，双方陷入阵地战。最后一节与德奥西杯的比赛相似之处在于，哪一个队叫到第95副的满贯，哪一个队就能获胜，实际上，美国与法国都没有叫这个缺两个关键张的满贯，最终比分仍然是美国2队占先，美国队也首次捧得武汉杯。\n \n

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\n \n 作为世界桥牌第一强国，美国在世界桥牌团体锦标赛百慕大杯、威尼斯杯、德奥西杯三项比赛中的夺冠次数和奖牌数都遥遥领先，但在2019年设立的混合团体赛武汉杯中，美国还没有收获过冠军。在2019年、2022年连续两届武汉杯决赛失利后，美国终于获得突破，在本届比赛中夺得武汉杯，也成为继法国之后第二个世界桥牌团体锦标赛将百慕大杯、威尼斯杯、德奥西杯、武汉杯全部收集的大满贯得主。\n \n

\n
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\n \n 跨国团体赛南美牌手称雄\n \n

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\n \n 本届世锦赛恢复了跨国团体赛的举办，在四大杯预赛结束后，跨国团体赛拉开战幕。共有72个队参加，预赛为10轮、每轮10副牌的瑞士移位赛，前32名进入淘汰赛。中国老年队参加了本次跨国团体赛，并且在预赛中取得第四名的好成绩，由于本次跨国团体赛的规定是四大团体赛1/4淘汰赛的负队不能再参加，所以中国男队和混合队都没有参加跨国团体赛。\n \n

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\n \n 跨国团体赛淘汰赛对阵图\n \n
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\n \n 经过5轮淘汰赛，来自阿根廷和巴西的Amistad队获得跨国团体赛的冠军，波兰的“慢马队”和英格兰的Knottenbelt队分别获得二、三名。\n \n

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\n \n \n 未完待续\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛回顾（二）\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛回顾\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵带你看世锦赛——瑞士大鳄的百慕大杯卫冕之路\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——百慕大杯决赛上半场瑞士领先\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——挪威瑞士进入百慕大杯决赛，中国女队威尼斯杯半决赛失利\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——中国女队威尼斯杯半决赛暂时落后\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——中国女队进入威尼斯杯半决赛\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——世锦赛淘汰赛第一天中国男女队领先\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——世锦赛预赛结束，中国男、女、混合队晋级淘汰赛\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——世锦赛第七天，中国男队浮出水面\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——世锦赛第六天，预赛争夺进入白热化\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——世锦赛第五天，中国老年队三连胜\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——世锦赛第四天，中国混团排名第二\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——世锦赛第三天，中国女队冲进前八\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——世锦赛第二天比赛，中国混团三连胜\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛开幕，首日战况\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 2023年第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛开幕\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛每日一牌——世锦赛前热身牌局\n \n \n \n
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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 2022年世界桥牌团体锦标赛回顾\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛即将开赛——准备就绪、世锦赛即将开锣\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛即将开赛——第45届世界桥牌团体锦标赛回顾\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛即将开赛——第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛前瞻\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛即将开赛——世界桥牌团体锦标赛简介\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 世界桥牌团体锦标赛落幕、齐老板圆梦百慕大杯\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 激战亚平宁——第45届世界桥牌团体锦标赛（一）\n \n \n \n
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\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/ogO38eWxO8iRzd-hxoLD1A", + "creator": "标兵桥牌", + "pubDate": "Tue, 12 Aug 2025 00:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDRTFjN34LsxkYdEWiasYyuZwWbmatDI6CK5p1BNsgQsCkCrAhfYicuiaBqquhyfCShXWZ0ufS2XdopKQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDRTFjN34LsxkYdEWiasYyuZwWbmatDI6CK5p1BNsgQsCkCrAhfYicuiaBqquhyfCShXWZ0ufS2XdopKQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247512793_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "标兵桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "3e76b5a9c43f3668d0220556f733cad8", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "日德兰大战——第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛回顾", "description": "本次世锦赛是2019年武汉世锦赛后一次完整的、没有缺席的世界桥牌锦标赛，四个项目每组24个队仅有新西兰老年队放弃资格，由法国入替，和2022年世锦赛中大多数非欧美队弃赛演化成欧美杯不同，所以这是一次真正的世界桥牌锦标赛。", @@ -15668,6 +16922,28 @@ "hash": "379e67116d86fed222cb92e8240623ae", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "日德兰大战——第47届世界桥牌团体锦标赛", + "description": "第47届世界桥牌团体锦标赛将于8月20日-9月1日在被称作“冰川与海战的奇妙之地”的日德兰半岛上的丹麦城市海宁举办。今年是世界桥牌团体锦标赛75周年，是世界桥牌团体锦标赛的大庆之年。", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 新朋友\n \n \n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 点击\n \n \n \n 标兵桥牌\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 关注微信\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 点击\n \n \n \n 右上角\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 分享本文\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 第47届世界桥牌团体锦标赛将于8月20日-9月1日在被称作“冰川与海战的奇妙之地”的日德兰半岛上的丹麦城市海宁举办。今年是世界桥牌团体锦标赛75周年，是世界桥牌团体锦标赛的大庆之年。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 标兵桥牌将全程为桥友们献上比赛的详细报道。\n \n \n

\n
\n

\n \n \n 世界桥牌团体锦标赛简介\n \n \n

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\n \n 世界桥牌团体锦标赛共四项团体赛，分别是公开团体赛百慕大杯、女子团体赛威尼斯杯、老年团体赛德奥西杯、混合团体赛武汉杯。\n \n

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\n \n
\n
\n \n 桥牌界的皇冠：百慕大杯\n \n
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\n \n \n 百慕大杯及威尼斯杯简介\n \n \n

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\n \n 第二次世界大战后的首次世界定约桥牌团体赛于1950年在百慕大群岛举行，由于东道主百慕大提供了比赛奖杯，故定名为“百慕大杯（Bermuda Bowl）”。当时这场比赛共3个队参加，美国、英国和瑞典-冰岛联队，这次比赛的结果是美国队获胜。\n \n

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\n \n 以后的6届比赛都只在两个队之间进行，由美国队对欧洲冠军队。1951年的第二届比赛在意大利的那不勒斯举行，美国胜意大利；1953年在美国纽约，美国胜瑞典；1954年在摩纳哥的蒙特卡洛，美国胜法国；1955年在纽约，美国负于英国；1956年在法国巴黎，美国负于法国；1957年在美国纽约，意大利战胜美国。\n \n

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\n \n 到1958年，比赛又变成有3个队参加，增加的队是每年的南美冠军。1960、1964、1968和1972这4年因为是奥林匹克团体赛年，所以没有举办百慕大杯赛。1974年世界桥联投票决定百慕大杯只在单数年举行。作为过渡，1976年百慕大杯与奥林匹克团体赛同时在蒙特卡洛举行，从1965年开始，百慕大杯扩大到5个队，其中包括远东地区的代表队。1971年又扩大到6个队，增加了南太平洋地区的参赛队。\n \n

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\n \n 意大利自1957年战胜美国后，在1957年到1969年之间蝉联了10届冠军，这就是著名的意大利蓝队的辉煌历史。\n \n

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\n \n 这以后，1970年北美队获冠军(意大利蓝队未参加)；1971年美国获冠军(意大利队未参加)；1973、1974、1975年的三届比赛，意大利蓝队重新参战，又连获三届冠军。\n \n

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\n \n 1974年的百慕大杯在意大利的威尼斯市举行，与此同时举行了欧洲女子冠军和美国女子冠军的挑战赛。这次比赛共打140副牌，结果美国女队以297:262IMP击败了已连续称霸世界女子牌坛5年的意大利女队。威尼斯市为这场挑战赛捐赠了一座奖杯，这就是“威尼斯杯”赛的来源。\n \n

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\n \n \n 德奥西杯和武汉杯加入\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 从2001年开始，世界桥联在世界桥牌团体锦标赛举办了有年龄限制的老年组比赛，在已经举办的11届老年团体赛中，美国队在前4届比赛中连续4届都是冠军，直到2009年在巴西，英格兰老年队才打破了美国队的垄断获得冠军。老年组比赛以已故世界桥联名誉主席厄内斯托·德奥西命名为\n \n \n \n 德奥西杯\n \n \n \n 。\n \n

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\n \n 2018年3月，世界桥联做出了又一个扩军的决定，根据世界桥联的最新决议，从2019年武汉世锦赛开始，在世界桥牌团体锦标赛中增加混合团体赛项目，此项目与另外三大杯平行进行。混合团体赛的奖杯由比赛首次举办地武汉命名，即为\n \n \n \n 武汉杯\n \n \n \n 。\n \n

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\n \n 在世界桥牌团体锦标赛75年的历史上，从1950年最开始的公开组百慕大杯到1974年增加女子组威尼斯杯用了24年，再到2001年增加老年组德奥西杯用了27年，增加混团组武汉杯用了18年。在参赛名额的增加上，无疑也是世界桥牌团体锦标赛进步最快的一次。百慕大杯最开始只有3个队参加，同时在第二届也就是1951年开始变为两队，成为了欧美对抗赛。到1958年增加了南美冠军参加，用了7年时光。1966年增加了远东冠军参加用了8年，1971年增加了南太平洋冠军，1979年增加中美洲和加勒比地区冠军，1981年增加了中亚区冠军，之后世界桥牌团体锦标赛不断扩容，2001年加入了老年团体赛之后，扩张为每个组18个队，再过一届，在2003年的蒙特卡洛比赛中，增加到每个组22个队参赛，一直持续到2017年。再过16年，世界桥牌团体锦标赛增加为24队每个组，比赛的前8天将有96个队同时进行比赛，从几十年前几个队角逐世界冠军，到现在的近百队在同一赛场中紧张竞技，世界桥牌大家庭的扩张非比寻常。在2019年武汉的跨国团体赛中，有超过百队参加，成为有史以来规模最大的一次世界桥牌团体锦标赛。\n \n

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\n \n 1995年在北京，我国成功举办了百慕大和威尼斯杯的世锦赛。12年后，2007年又在我国上海举办了世界桥牌团体锦标赛。再过12年，武汉也成功举办了世界桥牌团体锦标赛。\n \n

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\n \n 世锦赛历史上，美国是不折不扣的世界第一桥牌强国，在百慕大杯、威尼斯杯、老年杯这三项比赛中，美国都在夺冠次数上排名第一。\n \n

\n

\n \n 百慕大杯（46届）：美国19次，意大利15次，法国、荷兰、波兰、瑞士各2次，英国、巴西、冰岛、挪威各1次。\n \n

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\n \n 威尼斯杯（24届）：美国11次，法国3次，中国、英国、德国、瑞典各2次，荷兰、以色列各1次。\n \n

\n

\n \n 德奥西杯（12届）：美国7次，丹麦2次、英格兰、法国、波兰各1次。\n \n

\n

\n \n 武汉杯（3届）：俄罗斯、法国、美国各1次。\n \n

\n
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\n \n 世界桥牌团体锦标赛每项团体赛各有24个参赛名额，根据不同地区桥牌水平的不同，参赛名额分别是：\n \n

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\n \n 一区(欧洲)有8个队参加；二区(北美)有3个名额；三区(南美)2个队；四区(亚洲及中东)2个队；五区(中北美及加勒比海)1个队；六区(亚太)3个队；七区(南太平洋)2个队；八区（非洲）2个队；东道主 1个队。\n \n

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\n \n 本次世锦赛的选址工作是世界桥联已故主席扬·卡姆拉斯主导的，在2024年8月前，2025年的世界桥牌团体锦标赛主办地还没有落实，按照世界桥联逢25年大庆的惯例，今年的世界桥牌团体锦标赛应该放在百慕大杯创始地百慕大群岛举行，但这件事似乎根本无法执行，世界桥联只好在全球寻找合作伙伴举办本届世锦赛。\n \n

\n

\n \n 直到2024年8月，世界桥联才与丹麦桥牌协会达成合作意向，决定将世锦赛放在丹麦的日德兰半岛小城海宁举办，因为海宁刚刚在2024年举办了欧洲桥牌团体锦标赛，虽然条件有限，但热情的丹麦桥牌人有能力举办如此规模庞大的洲际大型赛事，也能够举办世界桥牌团体锦标赛。\n \n

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\n \n \n 未完待续\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛回顾（四）\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛回顾（三）\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛回顾（二）\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛回顾\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵带你看世锦赛——瑞士大鳄的百慕大杯卫冕之路\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——百慕大杯决赛上半场瑞士领先\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——挪威瑞士进入百慕大杯决赛，中国女队威尼斯杯半决赛失利\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——中国女队威尼斯杯半决赛暂时落后\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——中国女队进入威尼斯杯半决赛\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——世锦赛淘汰赛第一天中国男女队领先\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——世锦赛预赛结束，中国男、女、混合队晋级淘汰赛\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——世锦赛第七天，中国男队浮出水面\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——世锦赛第六天，预赛争夺进入白热化\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——世锦赛第五天，中国老年队三连胜\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——世锦赛第四天，中国混团排名第二\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——世锦赛第三天，中国女队冲进前八\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——世锦赛第二天比赛，中国混团三连胜\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 标兵播报世锦赛——第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛开幕，首日战况\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 2023年第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛开幕\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛每日一牌——世锦赛前热身牌局\n \n \n \n
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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 2022年世界桥牌团体锦标赛回顾\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛即将开赛——准备就绪、世锦赛即将开锣\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛即将开赛——第45届世界桥牌团体锦标赛回顾\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛即将开赛——第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛前瞻\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第46届世界桥牌团体锦标赛即将开赛——世界桥牌团体锦标赛简介\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 世界桥牌团体锦标赛落幕、齐老板圆梦百慕大杯\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 激战亚平宁——第45届世界桥牌团体锦标赛（一）\n \n \n \n
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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/-XW9JqQyUv14ZcPJDW_QDA", + "creator": "标兵桥牌", + "pubDate": "Tue, 05 Aug 2025 12:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDQBAicvGAvyjC3IHficEwedf866ww5DsFefmwib32Zv24SKGickQoEDgHmXKpK5fxC9nl0aMy2ud9xh1Q/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDQBAicvGAvyjC3IHficEwedf866ww5DsFefmwib32Zv24SKGickQoEDgHmXKpK5fxC9nl0aMy2ud9xh1Q/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247512781_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "标兵桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "5efc9a8db30351ef72877cddc6bdf6ce", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "四进费城——2025年北美夏季桥牌大赛（六）", "description": "北美夏季大赛斯平果尔德杯16强比赛结束，产生了8强，本轮的冷门是二号种子齐老板被班廷队淘汰出局。", @@ -15690,6 +16966,28 @@ "hash": "9fc00208ebbe138d60b3102bf1cc0754", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "四进费城——2025年北美夏季桥牌大赛（五）", + "description": "北美夏季大赛斯平果尔德杯32进16的比赛结束，卫冕冠军、头号种子斯特里特队被32号里皮队斩于马下，爆出了本轮比赛最大冷门。另外最高顺位的种子队被淘汰的是10号尼塔巴赫对负于阿莫伊斯队。", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 新朋友\n \n \n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 点击\n \n \n \n 标兵桥牌\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 关注微信\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 老朋友\n \n \n
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\n \n \n 点击\n \n \n \n 右上角\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 分享本文\n \n \n

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\n \n 斯平果尔德杯头号种子出局\n \n

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\n \n 北美夏季大赛斯平果尔德杯32进16的比赛结束，卫冕冠军、头号种子斯特里特队被32号里皮队斩于马下，爆出了本轮比赛最大冷门。另外最高顺位的种子队被淘汰的是10号尼塔巴赫对负于阿莫伊斯队。\n \n

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\n \n 里皮队去年斯平果尔德杯上就在这一轮赢了卫冕冠军，今天的比赛他们又复制去年的成绩。\n \n

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\n \n 斯平果尔德杯32强对阵图及成绩\n \n
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\n \n 北美夏季大赛每日一牌——海尔格莫的出色首攻\n \n

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\n \n 挪威的世界冠军海尔格莫堪称上个世纪末的桥牌天才，曾经的世界桥联大师分第一人。现在他的时代虽然已经过去，但功力仍在，下面这副牌，海尔格莫做出了出色的首攻。\n \n

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\n \n 对方主打4♥，首攻什么\n \n
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\n \n 南北方的叫牌没有什么特殊之处，2♥进局逼叫，2♠不保证6张，2NT等待，3♣是第二套，然后叫到4♥。\n \n

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\n \n 你是西家，考虑首攻什么？\n \n

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\n \n 自己有13个大牌点，对方有足够的实力成局，对防守有何期待呢？如果一切正常，你有2墩♥、1个♣A，哪里寻找第四墩呢？\n \n

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\n \n 实战中海尔格莫略作思考，首攻♣A，全手牌如下：\n \n

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\n \n 海尔格莫首攻♣A，庄家判断错误\n \n
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\n \n 同伴跟4欢迎，海尔格莫继续出♣J，造成他是短♣的假象。庄家如果看到牌，可以用♠垫掉♣，然后飞♦、将吃♦做成定约，但庄家并不知道谁要将吃♣，即使♣被将吃，还有飞中将牌Q和♦K的机会，所以庄家明手Q赢得，飞将牌到海尔格莫的Q，海尔格莫继续出♣给同伴将吃，击败定约。\n \n

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\n \n 这副牌非常关键，是16强争夺战60副牌的倒数第4副，海尔格莫击败定约赢得12IMP，最终他所在的鲁本斯坦队总分也仅赢得10IMP。\n \n

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\n \n \n 往期推荐\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 四进费城——2025年北美夏季桥牌大赛（四）\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 四进费城——2025年北美夏季桥牌大赛（三）\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 四进费城——2025年北美夏季桥牌大赛（二）\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 四进费城——2025年北美夏季桥牌大赛\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 2024年北美夏季大赛每日一牌——安全打法要牢记\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 七年相约多伦多——2024年北美夏季桥牌大赛（九）\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 七年相约多伦多——2024年北美夏季桥牌大赛（八）\n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 七年相约多伦多——2024年北美夏季桥牌大赛（七）\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 七年相约多伦多——2024年北美夏季桥牌大赛（六）\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 七年相约多伦多——2024年北美夏季桥牌大赛（五）\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 七年相约多伦多——2024年北美夏季桥牌大赛（四）\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 七年相约多伦多——2024年北美夏季桥牌大赛（三）\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 七年相约多伦多——2024年北美夏季桥牌大赛（二）\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 七年相约多伦多——2024年北美夏季桥牌大赛\n \n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 风城之约——北美夏季大赛结束，弗老板获得斯平果尔德杯冠军\n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 风城之约——芝加哥北美夏季大赛\n \n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 天佑榄城——三年再逢夏季赛\n \n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n Let`s Roll——Las Vegas再迎夏季赛\n \n \n

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\n \n \n Let`s Roll——Las Vegas再迎夏季赛（二）\n \n \n

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\n \n \n Let`s Roll——Las Vegas再迎夏季赛（三）\n \n \n

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\n \n \n Let`s Roll——Las Vegas再迎夏季赛（四）\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 别忘了点个在看哦！转发那就太好了！\n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/pLuR8ZKEsPakH0r6Kks-eg", + "creator": "标兵桥牌", + "pubDate": "Thu, 31 Jul 2025 12:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDSw9tVttfrJ3JKwexCYYiacjiadz8guJdewotdVU3LIarvn8yLEKIO2lSabW8hic8FvxKxarwAS2jHMg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDSw9tVttfrJ3JKwexCYYiacjiadz8guJdewotdVU3LIarvn8yLEKIO2lSabW8hic8FvxKxarwAS2jHMg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247512748_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "标兵桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "2e9e4111fc8858ef9fb43af5eb7bdcc5", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "四进费城——2025年北美夏季桥牌大赛（三）", "description": "7月28日周一，斯平果尔德杯淘汰赛排位赛展开，88个队争夺进入64赛位的资格，小号种子均存活，没有大的冷门出现。北美大赛进行到周日，共有3429桌参加了比赛，与去年同期的3433.5桌基本持平。", @@ -15712,6 +17010,28 @@ "hash": "f7ed9f23aa9aa32cb0312ddce21f208c", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "四进费城——2025年北美夏季桥牌大赛（二）", + "description": "7月27日，正在费城举办的北美夏季大赛结束了第一阶段的比赛，产生了GNT各个级别的冠军、冯·蔡德维茨终身大师双人赛的冠军、NABC+公开双人赛的冠军。同时，斯平果尔德杯报名截止，共有88队参加周一开始的斯平果尔德杯。", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 点击\n \n \n \n 标兵桥牌\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 关注微信\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 老朋友\n \n \n
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\n \n \n 点击\n \n \n \n 右上角\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 分享本文\n \n \n

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\n \n 北美夏季大赛结束第一阶段赛事\n \n

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\n \n 7月27日，正在费城举办的北美夏季大赛结束了第一阶段的比赛，产生了GNT各个级别的冠军、冯·蔡德维茨终身大师双人赛的冠军、NABC+公开双人赛的冠军。同时，斯平果尔德杯报名截止，共有88队参加周一开始的斯平果尔德杯。\n \n

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\n \n 相当于我国全国桥牌团体赛的GNT比赛，一共有4个级别，在最高级别的比赛中，来自纽约区的Miniter队获得冠军。\n \n

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\n \n 终身大师双人赛共有320对牌手参加，经过一天预赛、一天半决赛，78对牌手进入决赛，一天决赛后，美国青年牌手Lien/Luba获得冠军，挪威的巴克与瑞典迈克尔·里姆斯泰德以很小的差距获得亚军。华人中最好成绩是来自湾区的葛欣和谢召彬。\n \n

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\n \n 终身大师双人赛冠军Lien/Luba\n \n
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\n \n ACBL新增加的在每周六开始的NABC+公开双人赛是一项2天的赛事，共有280对选手参加，最终由美国/英国组合获得冠军。\n \n

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\n \n 夏季大赛最重要的赛事，斯平果尔德杯团体赛将于周一开始，周日结束了报名，共有88队参加这项比赛，同去年多伦多的参赛队数持平。头号种子为卫冕冠军斯特里特队。\n \n

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\n \n ACBL每年授予青年选手的“King of Bridge”奖项，这次落户一位华人青年牌手龚致远（Nathan Gong）。这一奖项是奖励在青少年桥牌活动中做出杰出贡献的青少年牌手，从比赛成绩、推广桥牌等维度进行评选。龚致远曾经代表美国青年队参加世青赛并且获得了好成绩，同时他也在桥牌社区做了很多有意义的工作。上次获得与此类似的“Queen of Bridge”奖项的也是华人，林安然（Amber Lin）。\n \n

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\n \n \n 往期推荐\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 四进费城——2025年北美夏季桥牌大赛\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 2024年北美夏季大赛每日一牌——安全打法要牢记\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 七年相约多伦多——2024年北美夏季桥牌大赛（九）\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 七年相约多伦多——2024年北美夏季桥牌大赛（八）\n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 七年相约多伦多——2024年北美夏季桥牌大赛（七）\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 七年相约多伦多——2024年北美夏季桥牌大赛（六）\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 七年相约多伦多——2024年北美夏季桥牌大赛（五）\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 七年相约多伦多——2024年北美夏季桥牌大赛（四）\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 七年相约多伦多——2024年北美夏季桥牌大赛（三）\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 七年相约多伦多——2024年北美夏季桥牌大赛（二）\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 七年相约多伦多——2024年北美夏季桥牌大赛\n \n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 风城之约——北美夏季大赛结束，弗老板获得斯平果尔德杯冠军\n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 风城之约——芝加哥北美夏季大赛\n \n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 天佑榄城——三年再逢夏季赛\n \n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n Let`s Roll——Las Vegas再迎夏季赛\n \n \n

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\n \n \n Let`s Roll——Las Vegas再迎夏季赛（二）\n \n \n

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\n \n \n Let`s Roll——Las Vegas再迎夏季赛（三）\n \n \n

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\n \n \n Let`s Roll——Las Vegas再迎夏季赛（四）\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 别忘了点个在看哦！转发那就太好了！\n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/E7AMgut4CmKPtXpKIjEGyw", + "creator": "标兵桥牌", + "pubDate": "Mon, 28 Jul 2025 12:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDSw9tVttfrJ3JKwexCYYiacjiadz8guJdewotdVU3LIarvn8yLEKIO2lSabW8hic8FvxKxarwAS2jHMg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDSw9tVttfrJ3JKwexCYYiacjiadz8guJdewotdVU3LIarvn8yLEKIO2lSabW8hic8FvxKxarwAS2jHMg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247512731_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "标兵桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "919e197ebb510669ec44067179f4d87b", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "四进费城——2025年北美夏季桥牌大赛", "description": "今年的北美夏季大赛是7月24日-8月3日，Von Zedtwitz终身大师双人赛，Spingold杯淘汰赛，是媲美于世界锦标赛的超级赛事；还有就是第二个周五（26日）开始的公开瑞士团体赛。这四大赛事从头到尾组成了夏季大赛的赛事主脉。", @@ -15734,6 +17054,28 @@ "hash": "b3008b6769eabc114bc25f92adef6111", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "第十九届世界青年桥牌团体锦标赛即将开赛", + "description": "第十九届世界青年桥牌团体锦标赛（19th World Youth Team Championships）将于7月12-17日在意大利萨尔索马焦雷举办。共有来自世界各地的94支青年队参加U26，U21，U26女子，U16，U31五个组别的比赛", + "content": "
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\n \n 世青赛即将开赛\n \n
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\n \n 第十九届世界青年桥牌团体锦标赛（19th World Youth Team Championships）将于7月12日-17日在意大利萨尔索马焦雷举办。共有来自世界各地的94支青年队参加U26，U21，U26女子，U16，U31五个组别的比赛。\n \n

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\n \n 这五个组别分别是：\n \n

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\n \n U26公开团体、冠军奖杯为帕蒂诺杯；\n \n

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\n \n U21公开团体、冠军奖杯为达米亚尼杯；\n \n

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\n \n U26女子团体、冠军奖杯为罗纳杯；\n \n

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\n \n U16公开团体、冠军奖杯为科驰大学杯；\n \n

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\n \n U31公开团体、冠军奖杯为豪威斯杯。\n \n

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\n \n 与双数年举办的世界青年跨国桥牌锦标赛（World Youth Transnational Bridge Championships）不同的是，WYTC每个世界桥联会员单位只能派一个队参加一个组别的比赛，因此这是代表国家和地区荣誉的世界青年比赛。与世界桥牌团体锦标赛一样的流程，参加世界青年桥牌团体锦标赛的参赛队必须通过世界桥联下属大区的选拔赛才能参加。\n \n

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\n \n 本次比赛中国将参加全部5个组别的比赛，5支中国代表队均是通过2025年初举办的全国青少年团体赛选拔产生，继续在2025年5月举办的亚太青年桥牌锦标赛拿到世青赛参赛资格的。\n \n

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\n \n 本次世青赛U26、 U21、U31组各有20支队，U26女子组有16队， U16有18队参加。比赛的办法是预赛进行单循环，前8名进入淘汰赛，经过1/4淘汰赛、半决赛、决赛产生最后的冠军。\n \n

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\n \n 中国队在世界青年桥牌团体锦标赛上最好成绩是2018年，在江苏吴江举办的第十七届世界青年桥牌团体锦标赛上，中国队获得了U26女子团体和U16公开团体两项冠军，这是中国青年队首次在世青赛上夺冠。\n \n

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\n \n 本次比赛世界桥联依然使用“平板叫牌、纸牌打牌”的比赛方式，这种方式对于青少年来说可能更为适合。\n \n

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\n \n \n 别忘了点个在看哦！转发那就太好了！\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第八届世界青年跨国桥牌锦标赛\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第十八届世界青年桥牌团体锦标赛闭幕，欧洲瓜分五大冠军\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第十八届世界青年桥牌团体锦标赛即将开赛\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 世界青年桥牌大赛产生团体冠军\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 世界青年桥牌大赛结束双人赛争夺\n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 相关链接：世界青年桥牌大赛今日开赛\n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/t0X7c2vCHHEfbl4ZMBZf9g", + "creator": "标兵桥牌", + "pubDate": "Thu, 10 Jul 2025 00:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDTjauh0lK8VQ3veVyoLen2EPQQTSPaNn8uxPWCZlBFqMtsplTiakVeTL8qE7FgXWO685E5aicMvr7MQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDTjauh0lK8VQ3veVyoLen2EPQQTSPaNn8uxPWCZlBFqMtsplTiakVeTL8qE7FgXWO685E5aicMvr7MQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247512710_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "标兵桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "f5d9ae560fa138188f746b83f0493403", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "欧公赛决赛的两副牌", "description": "这副牌非常关键，这是第二节的最后一副，此前土耳其人一路飙升，打出一波凌厉的攻势，将比分从落后近30IMP变为领先15IMP，在上半场结束前的最后一副，齐老板将比分追回13IMP，总比分才落后2分，至关重要。", @@ -15756,6 +17098,28 @@ "hash": "6c66baaf54362bf7e0ae12c2ceeae462", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "齐老板首夺欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛冠军", + "description": "经过8天鏖战，齐老板率领的瑞士队决赛战胜土耳其的Jeo Hidro队夺得欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛公开团体赛冠军，这是齐老板的大鳄队首次在该比赛中夺得冠军。来自波兰的Rafal Marks/Jakub Wojcieszek获得公开双人赛冠军。", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 点击\n \n \n \n 右上角\n \n \n \n

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\n \n 经过8天鏖战，齐老板率领的瑞士队决赛战胜土耳其的Jeo Hidro队夺得欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛公开团体赛冠军，这是齐老板的大鳄队首次在该比赛中夺得冠军。来自波兰的Rafal Marks/Jakub Wojcieszek获得公开双人赛冠军，女子双人赛冠军是Cathy/Sophia Baldysz，公开一副一比团体赛冠军由Daisy Chain队获得。\n \n

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\n \n 齐老板队击败土耳其团队获得冠军\n \n
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\n \n 虽然齐老板的团队已经蝉联两届百慕大杯的冠军，但在欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛这一长达22年的赛事中却从未夺冠，本次比赛齐老板队在预赛中勇夺第一，淘汰赛也算顺利，决赛迎战来自土耳其的团队，开局也不错，不过第二节被土耳其团队反超，打到决胜节中，快到比赛结束时遇到一副满贯，如果土耳其选手首攻正确，将会给巴司机带来一些麻烦，比赛还有悬念，但随着满贯做成，比赛也提前结束。\n \n

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\n \n 这一冠军不光是齐老板团队的第一个冠军，也成就了巴司机和舒柏林两位在一次大赛中同时拿到混团和公团两项冠军的伟业，他们在前后15天的比赛中都是从头打到尾，这一成绩也是迄今为止首次在综合锦标赛上连夺两大团体赛冠军的纪录。\n \n

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\n \n 下面两副牌，出现在决赛中，一副是叫牌问题，一副是首攻问题：\n \n

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\n \n 北家叫什么？\n \n
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\n \n 你是北家，叫牌简单的，开叫1NT，同伴2♣，你2♦没有高花，同伴3♦自然，现在你准备怎么叫？\n \n

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\n \n 你是东家，首攻哪一张\n \n
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\n \n 这里的叫牌也是自然性的，2NT是邀请，同伴加倍3NT，你是东家，准备首攻哪一张？\n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 齐老板与土耳其进入决赛\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 瑞波土法打进欧公赛半决赛\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 当舒柏林遇见舒柏林\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 芬奇压哨淘汰罗森塔尔\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 进攻性叫牌与防守性叫牌——波兹南的牌局\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 技惊四座的Deep Finesse打法\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛第一阶段结束、弗姆队获得欧洲混团冠军\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲混团赛场上一副牌的两次安全打法\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第11届欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛混团预赛结束\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第11届欧洲桥牌公开锦标赛\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 2023年欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛每日一牌——韦尔萨切的失误，还是对手的高明？\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第10届欧洲桥牌公开锦标赛\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛结束\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲公开赛结束、土耳其人获得公开双人赛冠军\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲冬季运动会结束，奥卡队获得冠军\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲冬季桥牌运动会开赛在即\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 劳伦特当选欧洲桥联主席、期待开启新时代\n \n \n \n
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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲桥牌新纪元——欧洲桥牌团体锦标赛回顾\n \n \n

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\n \n 往期推荐\n \n

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\n \n \n 2022年欧洲桥牌团体锦标赛即将开赛\n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/1asxdMpKOlbBDgCeiMwCwQ", + "creator": "标兵桥牌", + "pubDate": "Mon, 07 Jul 2025 00:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDQoJpic0ibsIxaF7GAQVwVTT6eGyFJ2u6u8uRPPuRgRemxz9bYpyyQ9DDobFOOPU8ndsqr7ibKoF7EOQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDQoJpic0ibsIxaF7GAQVwVTT6eGyFJ2u6u8uRPPuRgRemxz9bYpyyQ9DDobFOOPU8ndsqr7ibKoF7EOQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247512692_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "标兵桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "56af1ade66565c9c643b6bcf9bd96f7d", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "齐老板与土耳其进入决赛", "description": "欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛公团结束1/4淘汰赛，齐老板的瑞士队、波兰的Naukabrydzapl队、土耳其的JEO Hidro队、法国绿队进入半决赛。对于一个有123个队参加的跨国比赛来说，最终的四强恰好均由同一国家团队组成，是很少见的。", @@ -15778,6 +17142,28 @@ "hash": "f8a177f20f224372b56418786352912a", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "瑞波土法打进欧公赛半决赛", + "description": "欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛公团结束1/4淘汰赛，齐老板的瑞士队、波兰的Naukabrydzapl队、土耳其的JEO Hidro队、法国绿队进入半决赛。对于一个有123个队参加的跨国比赛来说，最终的四强恰好均由同一国家团队组成，是很少见的。", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 关注微信\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 老朋友\n \n \n
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\n \n \n 点击\n \n \n \n 右上角\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 分享本文\n \n \n

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\n \n 欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛公团结束1/4淘汰赛，齐老板的瑞士队、波兰的Naukabrydzapl队、土耳其的JEO Hidro队、法国绿队进入半决赛。对于一个有123个队参加的跨国比赛来说，最终的四强恰好均由同一国家团队组成，是很少见的。\n \n

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\n \n 在女子团体决赛中，美国/波兰联军Parker队战胜意大利的Tersch队获得冠军。\n \n

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\n \n 齐老板队1/4淘汰赛的对手是保加利亚队，齐老板从开局就领先，始终将主动权握在手中，在比赛的最后一节，出现了这样一副牌：\n \n

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\n \n 3♠后东家如何叫牌？\n \n
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\n \n 北家开叫2♠，你是东家，选择加倍，南家加叫3♠到你这里，选择什么叫品？\n \n

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\n \n 可以选择的叫品大概有：\n \n

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\n \n 加倍\n \n

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\n \n 4♦\n \n

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\n \n 5♦\n \n

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\n \n 4♠/4NT等显示3套牌的叫品\n \n

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\n \n 我觉得4♦ 和5♦应该第一个被排除，因为这牌不是♦单套，而是还有♥和♣可以打，特别是♥定约不应该被忽视。\n \n

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\n \n 加倍的好处是可以照顾到♥，如果同伴选择♣，再回到♦上来，但问题是万一同伴没什么好叫的，就可能Pass，对方9张以上将牌，加上位置因素，防守3♠可能不是那么合算。\n \n

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\n \n 如果认为同伴有些实力并且在♠上没什么点力，那么这牌可以积极一些，考虑往满贯走，办法是4♠或者4NT，取决于你们的约定。\n \n

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\n \n 另一个问题，无论选择加倍还是4♠、4NT，同伴叫牌后，这牌是满足成局，还是往满贯走？\n \n

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\n \n 实战中共有3桌遇到了这一进程，他们的选择都不相同。\n \n

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\n \n 卡利塔选择继续加倍\n \n
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\n \n 东西方是齐老板队的KK组合，卡利塔第二次叫牌选择加倍，卡酷司机60%的点力都在♠上，他虽然有♥张数，但还是Pass，得到800分。\n \n

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\n \n 斯特法诺夫选择4NT\n \n
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\n \n 保加利亚的斯特法诺夫非常积极，他先叫4NT，同伴5♣，他叫5♦，显示还有♥，然后在同伴选择5♥后扣叫5♠表示大满贯兴趣，后面他们的叫牌发生了误会，西家5NT显然是Pickup-Slam，让同伴在♦和♥中选择满贯，但斯特法诺夫觉得5NT是有大满贯兴趣，直叫7♥。\n \n

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\n \n 我觉得即使斯特法诺夫不认为5NT是选满贯，也应该考虑到，同伴没有叫6♣，没有♣K，将牌最多4-4，还是应该谨慎，而西家的5NT叫得很好，6♦定约要更加安全一些。斯特法诺夫叫品前后矛盾，他的5♦是可以停下来的，但听到同伴♥有配合就想打大满贯，这符合逻辑吗？根据统计，在阻击叫后，进攻性叫牌要低一格通常是比较合适的策略。这副牌也是，东西方停在小满贯上就能赢11-12分，而不是现在输14分。\n \n

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\n \n 土耳其人叫4♠显示有♥的满贯兴趣\n \n
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\n \n 这一桌东西方是土耳其选手，东家第二次叫牌选择的是4♠，他们的约定是有♥，西家选5♥，东家直接加叫6♥。这进程也可以再探讨，此时的5NT应该仍然是Pickup-Slam，防止西家♥没有J10的时候，打到错误的满贯。\n \n

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\n \n 如果不准备往满贯走，现在KK组合的800分就是不错的结果。\n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 当舒柏林遇见舒柏林\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 芬奇压哨淘汰罗森塔尔\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 进攻性叫牌与防守性叫牌——波兹南的牌局\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 技惊四座的Deep Finesse打法\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛第一阶段结束、弗姆队获得欧洲混团冠军\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲混团赛场上一副牌的两次安全打法\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第11届欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛混团预赛结束\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第11届欧洲桥牌公开锦标赛\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 2023年欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛每日一牌——韦尔萨切的失误，还是对手的高明？\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第10届欧洲桥牌公开锦标赛\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛结束\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲公开赛结束、土耳其人获得公开双人赛冠军\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲冬季运动会结束，奥卡队获得冠军\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲冬季桥牌运动会开赛在即\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 劳伦特当选欧洲桥联主席、期待开启新时代\n \n \n \n
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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲桥牌新纪元——欧洲桥牌团体锦标赛回顾\n \n \n

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\n \n 往期推荐\n \n

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\n \n \n 2022年欧洲桥牌团体锦标赛即将开赛\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 荷兰加冕欧洲之王\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 别忘了点个在看哦！转发那就太好了！\n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/eA-wD7vnZ1ZS4yp7pWCkVQ", + "creator": "标兵桥牌", + "pubDate": "Sat, 05 Jul 2025 00:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDQoJpic0ibsIxaF7GAQVwVTT6eGyFJ2u6u8uRPPuRgRemxz9bYpyyQ9DDobFOOPU8ndsqr7ibKoF7EOQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDQoJpic0ibsIxaF7GAQVwVTT6eGyFJ2u6u8uRPPuRgRemxz9bYpyyQ9DDobFOOPU8ndsqr7ibKoF7EOQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247512681_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "标兵桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "c7547f58f9af78c31a0279f5bd363abd", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "当舒柏林遇见舒柏林", "description": "荷兰小将是舒柏林巴司机的晚辈，各种技巧自然也学得滚瓜纯属，德莱昂在单方无局第三家，觉得开叫3♥没什么用，于是祭起了舒柏林的独门法宝，没想到舒柏林遇见舒柏林，马上被舒柏林识破，可惜的是舒柏林没能完成3NT，他还是失败了。", @@ -15800,6 +17186,28 @@ "hash": "5e7f7ba8baf49614c379c8f6b16dd620", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "芬奇压哨淘汰罗森塔尔", + "description": "2025年欧洲桥牌公开锦标赛公团32进16的比赛异常激烈，来自意大利的芬奇队在最后一副牌逆转淘汰赛会2号种子罗森塔尔队。", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 新朋友\n \n \n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 点击\n \n \n \n 标兵桥牌\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 关注微信\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 老朋友\n \n \n
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\n \n \n 点击\n \n \n \n 右上角\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 分享本文\n \n \n

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\n \n 2025年欧洲桥牌公开锦标赛公团32进16的比赛异常激烈，来自意大利的芬奇队在最后一副牌逆转淘汰赛会2号种子罗森塔尔队。\n \n

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\n \n 芬奇队的主力队员有4名意大利国手，韦尔萨切/塞门塔、多纳蒂/佩卡里奥。这是一支实力强劲的团队，不过在预赛中他们成绩并不好，最终是得益于欧洲桥联新的赛制才得以复活。\n \n

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\n \n 根据本届欧公赛的赛制规定，如果公开团体赛报名少于110个队，则按原计划，即预赛3天，前32进入淘汰赛；如果公开团体赛报名超过110个队，则使用一种新的办法，预赛前两天结束后，前60名的队直接进入淘汰赛，61名以后的队则继续进行第三天的预赛，第三天同时进行前60名的淘汰赛和61名以后的预赛，第三天的预赛前2名进入淘汰赛，与第一场淘汰赛的30个胜者构成32队进行完整的淘汰赛。\n \n

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\n \n 拥有4名意大利国手的芬奇队预赛表现实在不怎么样，他们最低名次是第102名，几经挣扎，最高曾到过第33名，但马上被打倒60名开外，2天结束后第62名，只能继续第三天的预赛。第三天的预赛还有63个队，打到前两名谈何容易，芬奇队在最后一轮的倒数第三副牌才成功上岸，这副牌就是我昨天发出的第26副，他们也得益于叫牌的精准，请看韦尔萨切和塞门塔的叫牌：\n \n

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\n \n 东西方只有10点，但4♠却是铁牌\n \n
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\n \n 西家是韦尔萨切，同伴Pass后，他5个点既不阻击也不Pass，而是在有局方开叫1♠，北家加倍，东家塞门塔2♠是弱加叫，南家应叫性加倍，韦尔萨切4♠，南北方加倍正常，但却无法击败联手只有10个点的4♠定约。\n \n

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\n \n 另外一桌多纳蒂和佩卡里奥叫到并完成5♣加倍定约，两牌相加，芬奇队赢17IMP，他们马上跳到了第一名的位置，最终艰难出线进入32强。\n \n

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\n \n 佩服韦尔萨切的勇气和胆识，这副牌的处理在淘汰赛60桌中，大部分都是开叫3♠或者4♠，只有两桌西家开叫1♠，其中一桌叫牌过程和结果，与意大利人这里完全一样。\n \n

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\n \n 芬奇队进入淘汰赛后，如梦初醒，立刻变成一头雄狮，遇到他们的2号种子罗森塔尔可谓不幸，两队大战4节，打完55副不分上下，罗森塔尔领先1分，下面是最后一副：\n \n

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\n \n 东西方2♥正常\n \n
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\n \n 西家佩卡里奥开叫1♥再叫2♥，最终做成定约，怎么看也不像有输赢的，2号种子似乎过关成功。\n \n

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\n \n 但另一室则出现了变数：\n \n

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\n \n 东家叫3♣\n \n
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\n \n 东西方是临时搭档的丹麦人舒尔茨和美国牌手韦兰肯，他们使用法兰纳雷约定叫，即开叫2♦表示5张以上♥+4张♠，开叫实力，所以韦兰肯6-4高花开叫2♥，舒尔茨的3♣不逼叫，但他忽视了同伴6-4的可能，3♣定约根本无法完成，最终以宕三收场，芬奇队依靠此牌死里逃生再过一关。\n \n

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\n \n 看来舒尔茨要好好学习连氏自然，把法兰纳雷约定叫运用得更流畅。\n \n

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\n \n 芬奇队下一轮的对手是由一位中国台北女牌手、三位新加坡牌手组成的阿曼达队，他们能够延续神奇之旅，还是亚太牌手更进一步，本文发出之际即将见分晓。\n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 进攻性叫牌与防守性叫牌——波兹南的牌局\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 技惊四座的Deep Finesse打法\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛第一阶段结束、弗姆队获得欧洲混团冠军\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲混团赛场上一副牌的两次安全打法\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第11届欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛混团预赛结束\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第11届欧洲桥牌公开锦标赛\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 2023年欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛每日一牌——韦尔萨切的失误，还是对手的高明？\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第10届欧洲桥牌公开锦标赛\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛结束\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲公开赛结束、土耳其人获得公开双人赛冠军\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲冬季运动会结束，奥卡队获得冠军\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲冬季桥牌运动会开赛在即\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 劳伦特当选欧洲桥联主席、期待开启新时代\n \n \n \n
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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲桥牌新纪元——欧洲桥牌团体锦标赛回顾\n \n \n

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\n \n 往期推荐\n \n

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\n \n \n 2022年欧洲桥牌团体锦标赛即将开赛\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 荷兰加冕欧洲之王\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 别忘了点个在看哦！转发那就太好了！\n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/HEupnXfrM99UVCW4V0pGWg", + "creator": "标兵桥牌", + "pubDate": "Thu, 03 Jul 2025 00:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDQoJpic0ibsIxaF7GAQVwVTT6eGyFJ2u6u8uRPPuRgRemxz9bYpyyQ9DDobFOOPU8ndsqr7ibKoF7EOQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDQoJpic0ibsIxaF7GAQVwVTT6eGyFJ2u6u8uRPPuRgRemxz9bYpyyQ9DDobFOOPU8ndsqr7ibKoF7EOQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247512665_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "标兵桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "d025249010f2c3c97cb73f1c5df5a217", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "进攻性叫牌与防守性叫牌——波兹南的牌局", "description": "桥牌其实也一样，只不过桥牌的“进攻”和“防守”，有多重的意义，除了简单的在桥牌打法中表现为做庄与防守外，还有在叫牌中也分为自己抢过来打的“进攻性叫牌”和放给对方打或者叫得较低的“防守性叫牌”。", @@ -15822,6 +17230,28 @@ "hash": "8cf9f3254a25c91aade7bc229bc8c13b", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "技惊四座的Deep Finesse打法", + "description": "欧洲桥牌团体锦标赛公开团体赛在波兰波兹南激战正酣，目前还在预赛阶段，在预赛第7轮的比赛中，我们看到了一副技惊四座的深飞打法，这是罗森塔尔队与齐默尔曼队之间发生的，主打人是挪威明星布格兰德，防守方则是卡酷司机与卡利塔。", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 新朋友\n \n \n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 点击\n \n \n \n 标兵桥牌\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 关注微信\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 老朋友\n \n \n
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\n \n \n 点击\n \n \n \n 右上角\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 分享本文\n \n \n

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\n \n 欧洲桥牌团体锦标赛公开团体赛在波兰波兹南激战正酣，目前还在预赛阶段，在预赛第7轮的比赛中，我们看到了一副技惊四座的深飞（Deep Finesse）打法，这是罗森塔尔队与齐默尔曼队之间发生的，主打人是挪威明星布格兰德，防守方则是卡酷司机与卡利塔。\n \n

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\n \n 南家主打5♦，首攻将牌如何做庄？\n \n
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\n \n 叫牌过程显示了不同寻常的进取。北家巴克开叫2♣强牌，南家布格兰德一个点都没有，2♦等待，此时3♠是4张♠+5张以上♦的进局逼叫，布格兰德虽然白皮，但他有3张♦，直叫5♦，因为他不能叫4♦，这会显示更强的牌。\n \n

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\n \n 西家是卡酷司机，首攻将牌，如果你是布格兰德，如何计划这副牌的主打？\n \n

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\n \n 将牌首攻十分刁钻，即使将牌对你的分布友好，你也面临如何解决♠输张的问题，♥的输张跑不掉，必须把♠输张限制在1个，而且还不能输将牌。\n \n

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\n \n 假如将牌是2-2，你无法从手中向着明手的♠出，那么你怎么限制♠的输墩呢，如果第一墩明手将牌吃住，拔♠A再送♠，对方一定是第二张将牌，那么恐怕你只能希望♠是KQ双张或者KQx了。\n \n

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\n \n 所以一定要从手中出♠，明手的♠结构非常奇妙，如果从手中出，你总有很多机会来解决问题。\n \n

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\n \n 布格兰德就是这样考虑的，他必须回到手中出♠，以解决♠的输张问题，所以即使卡酷司机首攻将牌，他也决定打卡酷司机有将牌Q，因为他必须第一张牌就进手。当♦10吃进后，布格兰德出♠，卡酷司机顶上K，你现在准备怎么打？\n \n

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\n \n 你不能再到手中出♠了，所以这张♠一定要打对，如果你不吃，第二张将牌从西家发出，你就只剩下♠KQx的机会了。\n \n

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\n \n ♠的打法决定定约的成败\n \n
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\n \n 不管桥友们怎么想，只见布格兰德A吃住♠K，然后从明手送♠J，西家Q吃住，第二张将牌到明手，布格兰德再出小♠，将下东家的10，完成定约！！\n \n

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\n \n 送♠J给西家，然后将吃3张10\n \n
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\n \n 全手牌如下：\n \n

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\n \n 布格兰德一张不差打成定约\n \n
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\n \n 这副牌如果不首攻将牌，庄家完成定约不难，他只需找到♦Q即可，因为可以将吃两次♠，有些牌桌是北家主打5♦，东首攻♥K，然后看到庄家送♠，再从东家吊将牌，不仅没用，而且还出卖了同伴的将牌Q。\n \n

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\n \n 但南家主打，几乎无人成功，特别是首攻将牌的情况下，南家主打首攻将牌的还有意大利明星韦尔萨切。\n \n

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\n \n 这副牌另一室的巴司机和舒柏林搞错了约定，叫到4♠定约，也算是奇葩一件。\n \n

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\n \n 巴司机舒柏林搞错了约定\n \n
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\n \n 布格兰德这副牌的主打，丝丝入扣，每一张牌都如双明手分析软件指引一般，张张不错，令人佩服，相信这副牌也一定能够登上公报，并且在未来的年度最佳做庄奖的评选中占有一席之地。\n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛第一阶段结束、弗姆队获得欧洲混团冠军\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲混团赛场上一副牌的两次安全打法\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第11届欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛混团预赛结束\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第11届欧洲桥牌公开锦标赛\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 2023年欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛每日一牌——韦尔萨切的失误，还是对手的高明？\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第10届欧洲桥牌公开锦标赛\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛结束\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲公开赛结束、土耳其人获得公开双人赛冠军\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲冬季运动会结束，奥卡队获得冠军\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲冬季桥牌运动会开赛在即\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 劳伦特当选欧洲桥联主席、期待开启新时代\n \n \n \n
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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲桥牌新纪元——欧洲桥牌团体锦标赛回顾\n \n \n

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\n \n 往期推荐\n \n

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\n \n \n 2022年欧洲桥牌团体锦标赛即将开赛\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 荷兰加冕欧洲之王\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 别忘了点个在看哦！转发那就太好了！\n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/v1PcmPbdlPEcc8B5sGL_fA", + "creator": "标兵桥牌", + "pubDate": "Tue, 01 Jul 2025 00:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDQoJpic0ibsIxaF7GAQVwVTT6eGyFJ2u6u8uRPPuRgRemxz9bYpyyQ9DDobFOOPU8ndsqr7ibKoF7EOQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDQoJpic0ibsIxaF7GAQVwVTT6eGyFJ2u6u8uRPPuRgRemxz9bYpyyQ9DDobFOOPU8ndsqr7ibKoF7EOQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247512654_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "标兵桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "97bf92eabb331dfd5a9793e814e4cbc7", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛第一阶段结束、弗姆队获得欧洲混团冠军", "description": "6月27日，正在波兰波兹南进行的第11届欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛第一阶段比赛结束，弗姆队获得混合团体冠军，11Jaszczak队获得老年团体冠军，埃德蒙斯队获得混合一副一比团体冠军，Narkiewicz/Czajka获得混合双人赛冠军。", @@ -15844,6 +17274,28 @@ "hash": "8b7e76707b846119bb7a39057abcdd4f", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "欧洲混团赛场上一副牌的两次安全打法", + "description": "桥牌赛场上，打牌是永恒的主题，只有打牌功夫过硬，才有立足于桥牌竞技中不被淘汰的资本。正在波兰波兹南进行的第11届欧洲桥牌公开锦标赛混合团体赛赛场上，不乏精彩之作，但也有令人遗憾的牌局。", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 点击\n \n \n \n 标兵桥牌\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 关注微信\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 老朋友\n \n \n
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\n \n \n 点击\n \n \n \n 右上角\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 分享本文\n \n \n

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\n \n 桥牌赛场上，打牌是永恒的主题，只有打牌功夫过硬，才有立足于桥牌竞技中不被淘汰的资本。\n \n

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\n \n 正在波兰波兹南进行的第11届欧洲桥牌公开锦标赛混合团体赛赛场上，不乏精彩之作，但也有令人遗憾的牌局。\n \n

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\n \n 下面这副牌发生在首轮淘汰赛中，南家是来自拉脱维亚的女牌手罗曼诺夫斯卡，她面临下面这副6♣的主打：\n \n

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\n \n 如何主打6♣\n \n
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\n \n 南家主打6♣，东西方没有叫牌，首攻是♠3，如何计划主打？\n \n

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\n \n 看上去这副牌似乎丢了大满贯，将牌如果不输，♥是3-2分布的话，就有13墩了，即使西家有4张将牌，也完全有机会做成大满贯。\n \n

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\n \n 不过现在不是考虑是否丢大满贯的时候，而是要把现在的小满贯做成。南家A吃住首攻，拔将牌A，打将牌到Q，西家只有1张将牌，然后出将牌到A，现在拔♥A，西家跟小，东家跟Q，现在如何继续？\n \n

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\n \n 拔♥对方掉出Q\n \n
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\n \n 现在要计算一下赢墩的情况，记住，不是打大满贯，你需要的不是13墩而是12墩。\n \n

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\n \n 有6墩将牌，还有两个高花A，拿到4墩♥就可以，你并不需要5墩♥，也就是说，你现在不需要♥3-2，而是要防止4-1如何做成，假设如果东家是单张♥Q，你继续拔♥K，就会发现手中缺少桥路，无法建立♥了，所以你怎么办呢？\n \n

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\n \n 你是不是后悔拔♥A了？没错，要防止♥的4-1分布，最好的打法是吊完将牌后，联手送小♥，因为你手中只有一张将牌是进手了，所以在♥4-1的时候，必须保留♥本身的桥路，而防守方也无法用♦逼你将吃来用掉你的将牌桥路。\n \n

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\n \n 实战中，南家罗曼诺夫斯卡没有注意桥路的问题，她简单打♥3-2，继续拔♥K，全手牌如下：\n \n

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\n \n 拔♥K定约就做不成了\n \n
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\n \n ♥4-1的，6♣再也无法打成。\n \n

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\n \n 虽然南家忽视了♥上联手送小，保持桥路的打法，但在拔出♥Q后，仍然有机会完成定约，她应该送小♥，如果原本就是3-2的，♥已经建立，如果是4-1的，西家最顽强的防守是让掉这墩♥，让明手大，但由于♦K在东家，庄家还能打成定约。\n \n

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\n \n 庄家错过了第一个安全打法后，及时补救，依靠将吃飞♦K仍然能让定约回家：\n \n

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\n \n 送小♥还有机会打成\n \n
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\n \n 我们此前经常说：安全打法要像呼吸一样伴随在身。而安全打法的熟练程度，也是基本功之一。在同一副牌中能够出现两次安全打法，错过第一次还有第二次机会弥补，也是难得而珍贵的牌局之一。\n \n

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\n \n 另外，再提一个话题，就是关于满贯定约的首攻。满贯定约（此处特指小满贯）不同于成局定约，对方叫到满贯，通常不差赢墩，所以满贯定约最好的首攻是积极首攻而非消极首攻，希望在对方脱手时建立自己的防守赢墩。这副牌就是一个很好的例子，首攻♠打掉了庄家一个桥，是给庄家制造最大困难的首攻，而如果不首攻♠，就会像另外一桌，让对方打成大满贯。\n \n

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\n \n 另一桌南北方奥肯和韦兰德叫到了大满贯，在常规的将牌首攻后，有足够的桥路建立♥，并且将吃飞♦拿到13墩。\n \n

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\n \n \n 如果你担心小满贯不好打，请叫大满贯！\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第11届欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛混团预赛结束\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第11届欧洲桥牌公开锦标赛\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 2023年欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛每日一牌——韦尔萨切的失误，还是对手的高明？\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第10届欧洲桥牌公开锦标赛\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛结束\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲公开赛结束、土耳其人获得公开双人赛冠军\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲冬季运动会结束，奥卡队获得冠军\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲冬季桥牌运动会开赛在即\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 劳伦特当选欧洲桥联主席、期待开启新时代\n \n \n \n
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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲桥牌新纪元——欧洲桥牌团体锦标赛回顾\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 2022年欧洲桥牌团体锦标赛即将开赛\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 荷兰加冕欧洲之王\n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/hs5rc1xmnOHOS65BEAotew", + "creator": "标兵桥牌", + "pubDate": "Thu, 26 Jun 2025 23:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDQoJpic0ibsIxaF7GAQVwVTT6eGyFJ2u6u8uRPPuRgRemxz9bYpyyQ9DDobFOOPU8ndsqr7ibKoF7EOQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDQoJpic0ibsIxaF7GAQVwVTT6eGyFJ2u6u8uRPPuRgRemxz9bYpyyQ9DDobFOOPU8ndsqr7ibKoF7EOQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247512642_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "标兵桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "ed1d317745b122353f0e669c44fe631f", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "第11届欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛混团预赛结束", "description": "欧洲桥牌公开锦标赛每两年举办一次，从2003年到2019年共举办了9届，但由于疫情原因2021年中断，2023年再度恢复，今年是第11届比赛，本次比赛将于6月21日-7月5日在波兰波茨南举办，波茨南曾经于2011年举办过欧洲桥牌公开锦标赛。", @@ -15866,6 +17318,28 @@ "hash": "926d81696677395d95a23772a9ea152c", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "第11届欧洲桥牌公开锦标赛", + "description": "欧洲桥牌公开锦标赛每两年举办一次，从2003年到2019年共举办了9届，但由于疫情原因2021年中断，2023年再度恢复，今年是第11届比赛，本次比赛将于6月21日-7月5日在波兰波茨南举办，波茨南曾经于2011年举办过欧洲桥牌公开锦标赛。", + "content": "
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\n \n 始于2003年的欧洲桥牌公开锦标赛（11th European Transnational Championships）是欧洲桥联主办的跨国公开性赛事，包涵了公开、女子、老年、混合四个组别的团体赛和双人赛，是对标世界桥牌综合锦标赛的一项大赛，我国的全国桥牌锦标赛和全国桥牌综合锦标赛也属于这类赛事。虽说名称为欧洲桥牌公开赛，但参赛对象可以是世界各地的桥牌爱好者和专业牌手。\n \n

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\n \n 欧洲桥牌公开锦标赛在波兰波兹南举办\n \n
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\n \n 欧洲桥牌公开锦标赛每两年举办一次，从2003年到2019年共举办了9届，但由于疫情原因2021年中断，2023年再度恢复，今年是第11届比赛，本次比赛将于6月21日-7月5日在波兰波茨南举办，波茨南曾经于2011年举办过第5届欧洲桥牌公开锦标赛。\n \n

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\n \n 本次比赛从报名参加的情况来看，全面超过2023年的上一届比赛，考虑到波兰还处于距离战争较近的地区，这个数据已经相当不错。截止到6月18日开赛前3天，参加公开团体赛的有116个队，大幅超过上届的87队，略多于与我国4月结束的全国桥牌锦标赛公开团体赛100个队，但还不及2019年在伊斯坦布尔的122队；女子团体赛20个队，超过上届15队，比全锦赛女子团体赛28队少；老年团体赛21队，超过上届16队，远远不及全锦赛47队；混合团体赛96队，大幅超过上届的69队，基本与全锦赛混团赛的99队接近；公开双人赛172对，超过上届121对，比全锦赛公开双人赛的193对少21对；女子双人赛23对，不如上届的29对，比全锦赛女子双人赛的49对少了一半以上；老年双人赛52对，上届36对；混合双人赛139对，上届113对，接近全锦赛混双的137对。\n \n

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\n \n 欧洲公开赛以混合团体赛和公开团体赛为头尾，两项比赛分别是2天预赛和3天预赛，淘汰赛均为5天，先进行混团、后进行公团。期间穿插女团、老年团体和双人赛。\n \n

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\n \n 比赛场馆外景\n \n
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\n \n 由于本次比赛适逢国内全运会桥牌预赛，因此没有国内团队前往波兰参赛。\n \n

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\n \n 所有比赛全程在BBO进行转播，比赛从北京时间每天下午4点开始，至午夜结束。\n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 2023年欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛每日一牌——韦尔萨切的失误，还是对手的高明？\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第10届欧洲桥牌公开锦标赛\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛结束\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲公开赛结束、土耳其人获得公开双人赛冠军\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲冬季运动会结束，奥卡队获得冠军\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲冬季桥牌运动会开赛在即\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 劳伦特当选欧洲桥联主席、期待开启新时代\n \n \n \n
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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲桥牌新纪元——欧洲桥牌团体锦标赛回顾\n \n \n

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\n \n 往期推荐\n \n

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\n \n \n 2022年欧洲桥牌团体锦标赛即将开赛\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 荷兰加冕欧洲之王\n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/4UEOFqcgA5tbMw2LeQEk7g", + "creator": "标兵桥牌", + "pubDate": "Sat, 21 Jun 2025 00:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDQoJpic0ibsIxaF7GAQVwVTT6eGyFJ2u6u8uRPPuRgRemxz9bYpyyQ9DDobFOOPU8ndsqr7ibKoF7EOQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDQoJpic0ibsIxaF7GAQVwVTT6eGyFJ2u6u8uRPPuRgRemxz9bYpyyQ9DDobFOOPU8ndsqr7ibKoF7EOQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247512631_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "标兵桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "42be146c34516610da8d260cffeec8fb", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "世界桥联公布2024年大师分排行榜", "description": "2024年底，世界桥联公布了世界桥牌运动会结束后世界桥联大师分的排行榜。牌坛奇人齐老板仍然领跑公开组，这已经是他自从2021年登顶之后，连续第四年蝉联世界桥联大师分第一人的宝座了。女子排行榜、老年排行榜、混合排行榜的榜首也各有其主。", @@ -15888,6 +17362,28 @@ "hash": "d493b9eff95dc7208df749197028ae29", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "2025年北欧桥牌锦标赛结束", + "description": "6月5-8日，2025年北欧桥牌锦标赛（The Nordic Championship）在冰岛小镇Laugravatn举行。瑞典、芬兰、挪威、法罗群岛、丹麦、冰岛这6家北欧桥联的成员参加了比赛。丹麦获得公开团体冠军，挪威获得女子团体冠军。", + "content": "
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\n \n 6月5-8日，2025年北欧桥牌锦标赛（The Nordic Championship）在冰岛小镇Laugravatn举行。瑞典、芬兰、挪威、法罗群岛、丹麦、冰岛这6家北欧桥联的成员参加了比赛。\n \n

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\n \n 谁能说出北欧六国国旗对应的国家\n \n
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\n \n 比赛分为公开团体和女子团体两个项目，由于今年世界桥牌团体锦标赛在丹麦举行，北欧六国中瑞典、挪威、丹麦均获得了参加世锦赛的资格，这次比赛也是他们世锦赛前非常好的练兵机会。\n \n

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\n \n 经过4天比赛，丹麦获得公开团体冠军，挪威、瑞典分获二、三名。挪威获得女子团体冠军，丹麦、瑞典分获二、三名。获得两项团体赛前三名的恰好均是参加世锦赛的代表，这也恰如其分地说明了他们在北欧桥牌中的地位。\n \n

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\n \n 本次比赛中，丹麦男女队派出的选手基本上是参加世锦赛的队员，挪威女队派出了参加威尼斯杯的队员，挪威男队有一对牌手是参加百慕大杯的队员，对即将参加世锦赛的中国国家队而言，研究和观察他们的比赛，也是赛前备战的内容之一。\n \n

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\n \n 从6月开始，欧洲以及北美包括网络上将陆续进行一系列的重要比赛，欧美列强将参加这些比赛进行世锦赛前热身，这也是中国国家队研究对手的良好机会。\n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 2025年欧洲小联赛布加勒斯特完赛\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 叫牌用平板、打牌用纸牌——2022年欧洲小联盟赛结束\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 劳伦特当选欧洲桥联主席、期待开启新时代\n \n \n \n
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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 罗纳时代结束——世界桥联主席换届\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲桥牌新纪元——欧洲桥牌团体锦标赛回顾\n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/4FObKuBiU2eBA8lw2Zy-3w", + "creator": "标兵桥牌", + "pubDate": "Tue, 10 Jun 2025 00:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDRYno20Pe5bW627sL0rMdJqVCibbphJ8abNtTPtwf2CxWwiaouKfUbnD60ASZT2oDDUNicJDPRzvySPg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDRYno20Pe5bW627sL0rMdJqVCibbphJ8abNtTPtwf2CxWwiaouKfUbnD60ASZT2oDDUNicJDPRzvySPg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247512609_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "标兵桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "6e60cc8d1cf3de1b74a9ea47f0bffcc4", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "美国国家队名单出炉", "description": "5月26日当地时间，美国国家队选拔赛老年团体赛2025年6月1日，美国桥牌协会(USBF)公布了参加2025年世界桥牌团体锦标赛的8支美国队参赛名单。由于美国选拔赛允许一名选手报名多项比赛，因此在选拔赛全部结束后，各个美国国家队进行了调整。", @@ -15910,6 +17406,28 @@ "hash": "904cfda1cd5a396451f15015355b3b1e", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "最后一张世锦赛门票发出，全华班加拿大女队艰难获得", + "description": "北京时间6月2日上午，加拿大与墨西哥女队的附加赛结束，全华班加拿大女队以202:167IMP战胜对手拿到前往丹麦参加世界桥牌团体锦标赛的最后一张门票。", + "content": "
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\n \n 北京时间6月2日上午，加拿大与墨西哥女队的附加赛结束，全华班加拿大女队以202:167IMP战胜对手拿到前往丹麦参加世界桥牌团体锦标赛的最后一张门票。\n \n

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\n \n 加拿大女队获得威尼斯杯资格\n \n
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\n \n 加拿大与墨西哥同属世界桥联第2区，与美国一个区，该区有3个参加世锦赛的名额，其中美国独占两个资格，余下该区的加拿大、墨西哥争夺另一个名额。在大部分的情况下，墨西哥是不参与竞争世锦赛资格的，因此我们在世界桥牌团体锦标赛上看到的基本上都是加拿大的身影，本次世锦赛资格赛也是一样，公团、混团、老团的资格均由加拿大获得，入选加拿大国家队，就相当于直接进入了世锦赛。\n \n

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\n \n 不过今年有点特殊情况，墨西哥宣布要参加女子团体赛的争夺，因此在加拿大女队选拔赛结束后，还要与墨西哥打附加赛。这比赛的时间定在了5月31日，此时所有地区的选拔赛均已结束，只剩下女子团体威尼斯杯这最后一个资格了。\n \n

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\n \n 与墨西哥的比赛进行的十分艰苦，8节比赛打完前7节，比分始终胶着，最后的决胜节前，加拿大女队还落后3分，决胜节的发挥堪称完美，大胜对手拿到了通往丹麦的门票。\n \n

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\n \n 加拿大女队全部由活跃在北美地区的华人组成，她们热爱桥牌，能够参加世锦赛威尼斯杯是她们的梦想，预祝她们丹麦的圆梦之旅顺利。\n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 2025年美国国家队选拔赛\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 老罗重回世锦赛——美国老年队、女队选拔赛结束\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 美国混团选拔赛结束，苏珊·张队赢得资格\n \n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 弗雷舍获得2024年美国队资格\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 2024年美国国家队选拔赛开赛\n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 2023年美国国家队选拔赛争议中结束\n \n \n \n

\n

\n \n \n 相关链接：\n \n 2022年美国国家队选拔赛结束\n \n \n \n \n
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\n \n 往期推荐\n \n

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\n \n \n 尼克尔队率先拿到百慕大杯美国1队资格\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 平板电脑还是纸牌？职业牌手有分歧\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 通往武汉之路：美国国家队选拔赛\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 别忘了点个在看哦！转发那就太好了！\n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/oMvOUnizaYy4eFU6jMLozg", + "creator": "标兵桥牌", + "pubDate": "Fri, 06 Jun 2025 00:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDRda8jbPFNWBhWgicGibibbjjNDKCMicY72yicOcSHiaicK2b3J2GCQFoYE8gLvyYicBPDwwXwXicRXMPTX0lA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDRda8jbPFNWBhWgicGibibbjjNDKCMicY72yicOcSHiaicK2b3J2GCQFoYE8gLvyYicBPDwwXwXicRXMPTX0lA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247512600_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "标兵桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "c3ebf678a16026350b5dc82df17d4d69", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "亚太赛每日一牌回顾：一副小牌的攻防与叫牌", "description": "亚太锦标赛结束了，中国男队夺得冠军，在比赛期间所写的“每日一牌”，比赛期间并没有发出，从今天开始，给桥友们提供迟到的每日一牌。", @@ -15932,6 +17450,28 @@ "hash": "30306c42a579ceff24b8e7ac06bc2a90", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "亚太赛每日一牌回顾：满贯要有想象力", + "description": "亚太锦标赛结束了，中国男队夺得冠军，在比赛期间所写的“每日一牌”，比赛期间并没有发出，从今天开始，给桥友们提供迟到的每日一牌。", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 新朋友\n \n \n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 点击\n \n \n \n 标兵桥牌\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 关注微信\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 老朋友\n \n \n
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\n \n \n 点击\n \n \n \n 右上角\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 分享本文\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 亚太锦标赛结束了，中国男队夺得冠军，在比赛期间所写的“每日一牌”，比赛期间并没有发出，从今天开始，给桥友们提供迟到的每日一牌。\n \n \n

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\n \n 5月22日每日一牌：满贯要有想象力\n \n

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\n \n 桥牌比赛中的满贯叫牌是胜负的关键，满贯叫牌是一个很复杂的工程，不仅需要搭档间非常好的默契、系统中有相应的工具、最重要的还要有想象力。\n \n

\n

\n \n 下面这副牌，发生在第一循环第4轮对阵新西兰的比赛中，中国男队的张永革，就做了一个非常有想象力的叫品，达到了优秀的大满贯。\n \n

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\n \n 当了解到同伴没有将牌Q后，如何发展？\n \n
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\n \n 南北方是强梅花体系，南家开叫1♣，北家2♣自然叫且进局逼叫，南家2♥，北家直接3♠显示4张♥支持和♠单缺，张永革马上4NT问关键张，当知道关键张不缺时，询问将牌Q。\n \n

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\n \n 但同伴告知没有将牌Q。\n \n

\n

\n \n 这时怎么办？张永革已经有3墩♠、2墩♥、1墩♦、3墩♣9个顶张大牌赢墩，如果♣3-2分布或者有J甚至有10，则还有2墩♣长牌赢墩，同时以♣做将牌还可以将吃一次♦，这样就有了12墩，如果同伴有♦K，或者单张♠J，或者有♥J时♥是单张Q，或者♥2-2等，这些综合概率，已经远超50%，经过综合考虑，张永革决定叫出颇具想象力的叫品：7♣。\n \n

\n

\n \n 全手牌如下：\n \n

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\n \n 7♣是铁牌\n \n
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\n \n 联手牌配置非常完美，首攻是将牌，张永革明手放小吃住东家的9，拔掉♦A，打将牌到明手的A，将吃♦，拔♠A，大将吃♠，吊将牌吃到13墩。\n \n

\n
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\n \n 这副牌在公开团体所有牌桌中，有硬拼7♥的，但由于将牌的不利分布而宕掉，也有做得好一些的叫7NT，7NT确实要好于7♥，在没有首攻♠的情况下，虽然打不对♥，但却可以对东西方施行双挤。\n \n

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\n \n 可是，7♣才是联手的最佳定约。\n \n

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\n \n \n 别忘了点个在看哦！转发那就太好了！\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 亚太赛每日一牌回顾：剥光投入显身手\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 亚太赛每日一牌回顾：连氏自然轻松满贯\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 亚太赛每日一牌回顾：心中有挡、无将不慌\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 亚太赛每日一牌回顾：精彩的四红心\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 亚太赛每日一牌回顾：有趣的四红心\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 风雨十四载、再夺亚太冠\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 荏苒十四载、再战亚太赛\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 十四年归来仍是追风少年\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 曼谷重启亚太大赛\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第53届亚太桥牌锦标赛落幕，欧公赛决赛法国内战\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 中国桥牌队亚太锦标赛大四喜，欧公赛女子团体冠军产生\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧公赛公团齐老板被淘汰、亚太赛迎来最后高潮\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧公赛公团结束首轮淘汰赛、亚太赛接近尾声\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛公团预赛结束、亚太赛完成上半程比赛\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 亚太桥牌锦标赛结束女团、混团第一循环比赛\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛公团女团开赛，亚太赛中国占据三项第一\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 亚太赛第一天中国女队占优，欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛混团冠军产生\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 亚太桥牌锦标赛开幕，欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛产生老年团体冠军\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第53届亚太桥牌锦标赛即将开赛\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第四届亚洲杯结束、中国香港捧起“宁波杯”\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 2022年亚洲杯开赛\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第三届亚洲杯桥牌赛开幕\n \n \n

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\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/krlt_NpTNqw1TntMjo3n-Q", + "creator": "标兵桥牌", + "pubDate": "Tue, 03 Jun 2025 00:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDTH0sTiajz6mMGDUjHnftbibdib7FEvMaiahjxG8C2mKODhpuRaUtBEnLTyDUl3T8iciaqCAYSUSymeB1ZA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDTH0sTiajz6mMGDUjHnftbibdib7FEvMaiahjxG8C2mKODhpuRaUtBEnLTyDUl3T8iciaqCAYSUSymeB1ZA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247512589_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "标兵桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "dac49435f96482edfe68df0fb36a008c", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "亚太赛每日一牌回顾：剥光投入显身手", "description": "亚太锦标赛结束了，中国男队夺得冠军，在比赛期间所写的“每日一牌”，比赛期间并没有发出，从今天开始，给桥友们提供迟到的每日一牌。", @@ -15954,6 +17494,28 @@ "hash": "1477f7b86cceef32ddd423d3016b516f", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "亚太赛每日一牌回顾：连氏自然轻松满贯", + "description": "亚太锦标赛结束了，中国男队夺得冠军，在比赛期间所写的“每日一牌”，比赛期间并没有发出，从今天开始，给桥友们提供迟到的每日一牌。", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 新朋友\n \n \n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 点击\n \n \n \n 标兵桥牌\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 关注微信\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 老朋友\n \n \n
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\n \n \n 点击\n \n \n \n 右上角\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 分享本文\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 亚太锦标赛结束了，中国男队夺得冠军，在比赛期间所写的“每日一牌”，比赛期间并没有发出，从今天开始，给桥友们提供迟到的每日一牌。\n \n \n

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\n \n 5月20日每日一牌：连氏自然轻松满贯\n \n

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\n \n 中国男队的队长连若旸，使用的叫牌武器是独具风格的“连氏自然“体系，虽然在某些方面不够前卫，但使用熟练、搭档默契，同样具有很强的战斗力。\n \n

\n

\n \n 下面这副牌的满贯叫牌，简洁而清晰，没有使用一个约定叫：\n \n

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\n \n 没有使用一个约定叫的满贯\n \n
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\n \n 连若旸与连勇使用连氏自然体系，连勇开叫1♦，连若旸虽然♥单张，但牌力不足二盖一，又没有4张高花，所以先应叫1NT，连勇逆叫2♥，显示额外实力，♦和♥至少5-4以上，连若旸加叫3♦，连勇3♠，显示♠大牌的同时，也显示了♣单张，连若旸扣叫4♣，连勇跳叫5♦。这时连若旸面临选择，他认为同伴跳叫显示6张♦，他有两个黑花A，且还有单张，于是加叫6♦。\n \n

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\n \n 双方叫牌没有使用一个约定叫，全部是自然而流畅地叫品，这也正是连氏自然的特点。\n \n

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\n \n 6♦是个非常好的定约，首攻♠后，连勇从明手出♥，然后将吃两次♥轻松做成。\n \n

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\n \n 这副牌全场只有一半牌桌叫到满贯，泰国队停在3NT上，中国男队赢10IMP，缩小了本场比赛的差距。\n \n

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\n \n \n 别忘了点个在看哦！转发那就太好了！\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 亚太赛每日一牌回顾：心中有挡、无将不慌\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 亚太赛每日一牌回顾：精彩的四红心\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 亚太赛每日一牌回顾：有趣的四红心\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 风雨十四载、再夺亚太冠\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 荏苒十四载、再战亚太赛\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 十四年归来仍是追风少年\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 曼谷重启亚太大赛\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第53届亚太桥牌锦标赛落幕，欧公赛决赛法国内战\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 中国桥牌队亚太锦标赛大四喜，欧公赛女子团体冠军产生\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧公赛公团齐老板被淘汰、亚太赛迎来最后高潮\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧公赛公团结束首轮淘汰赛、亚太赛接近尾声\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛公团预赛结束、亚太赛完成上半程比赛\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 亚太桥牌锦标赛结束女团、混团第一循环比赛\n \n \n \n
\n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛公团女团开赛，亚太赛中国占据三项第一\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 亚太赛第一天中国女队占优，欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛混团冠军产生\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 亚太桥牌锦标赛开幕，欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛产生老年团体冠军\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第53届亚太桥牌锦标赛即将开赛\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第四届亚洲杯结束、中国香港捧起“宁波杯”\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 2022年亚洲杯开赛\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第三届亚洲杯桥牌赛开幕\n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/L75dvQEdNwHh-Zfx5SPVUA", + "creator": "标兵桥牌", + "pubDate": "Sun, 01 Jun 2025 00:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDTH0sTiajz6mMGDUjHnftbibdib7FEvMaiahjxG8C2mKODhpuRaUtBEnLTyDUl3T8iciaqCAYSUSymeB1ZA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDTH0sTiajz6mMGDUjHnftbibdib7FEvMaiahjxG8C2mKODhpuRaUtBEnLTyDUl3T8iciaqCAYSUSymeB1ZA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247512579_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "标兵桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "7f580d300fabb2b9fe49f6576a73d9f3", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "亚太赛每日一牌回顾：心中有挡、无将不慌", "description": "亚太锦标赛结束了，中国男队夺得冠军，在比赛期间所写的“每日一牌”，比赛期间并没有发出，从今天开始，给桥友们提供迟到的每日一牌。", @@ -15976,6 +17538,28 @@ "hash": "bf069e2911ea545aad791222bdeddb68", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "亚太赛每日一牌回顾：精彩的四红心", + "description": "亚太锦标赛结束了，中国男队夺得冠军，在比赛期间所写的“每日一牌”，比赛期间并没有发出，从今天开始，给桥友们提供迟到的每日一牌。", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 新朋友\n \n \n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 点击\n \n \n \n 标兵桥牌\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 关注微信\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 老朋友\n \n \n
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\n \n \n 点击\n \n \n \n 右上角\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 分享本文\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 亚太锦标赛结束了，中国男队夺得冠军，在比赛期间所写的“每日一牌”，比赛期间并没有发出，从今天开始，给桥友们提供迟到的每日一牌。\n \n \n

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\n \n 5月18日每日一牌：精彩的4♥\n \n

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\n \n 我们常说，桥牌比的就是判断力和执行力，特别是攻防环节，先判断牌型和牌点位置，再执行完成目标。\n \n

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\n \n 本届亚太赛上，中国男队的连勇，在第一循环迎战澳大利亚时，打出了下面这副精彩的做庄。\n \n

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\n \n 东家主打4♥\n \n
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\n \n 东家连勇开叫1♥，西家连若旸的3♦是限制性加叫或更好，北家争叫4♣，西家4♥结束叫牌。\n \n

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\n \n 首攻是♣，北家兑现两墩♣后，出♦脱手，现在如何考虑？\n \n

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\n \n 如何把♠和♦的输张控制在一个\n \n
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\n \n ♦的飞牌如果成功，什么时候都可以进行，连勇♦A拿住，两轮将牌停在明手，北家都跟出，如果♦Q在南家，就需要做好♠垫掉♦，而联手的♠，有可能输1-2墩，在限制只输1墩♠的情况下，能否获得3墩就是焦点。\n \n

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\n \n 北家在4阶上争叫，他很可能有♠K，但也不是绝对的，如果北家是3张♠且有K，庄家几乎无法避免输掉两墩♠，如果是两张♠且有K，则可以先拔♠A，北家不解封，就再拔掉♦K，打♠投入北家。\n \n

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\n \n 但北家如果没有♠K呢？可以飞中♠K且送3-3，用第4张♠垫♦，也可以打南家4张以上♠和♦Q，挤住南家。\n \n

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\n \n 所以，现在首先需要进行的，就是♠K的判断。\n \n

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\n \n 连勇找到一个好办法，他从明手出小♠，此时北家有♠K很难不上，至少是给北家增加了一定的压力，如果北家出小牌，可以假设南家有♠K，然后根据北家的牌型对南家实施不同的操作：\n \n

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\n \n 兑现♦K，北家如果跟出♦，则♠不超过2张，可以兑现将牌挤住南家；如果北家跟不出♦，则♠是3-3，下一圈飞♠K就可以做好第四张♠。\n \n

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\n \n 从明手出♠做试探打法\n \n
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\n \n 实战中，当连勇打小♠到10，南家打出K，意图迷惑连勇，但连勇仍然采取挤牌路线做成了定约。\n \n

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\n \n 全手牌如下：\n \n

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\n \n 南家被挤住\n \n
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\n \n 这副牌在锦标赛公团中，只有连勇一桌做成了4♥。与中国台北队对阵的新西兰的庄家，因为北家争叫♣，判断北家有♠K，他决定打北家双张K，但没有成功，亚洲桥王黄光辉建议，如果打♠K在北家，可以先从明手出小♠，这正是连勇实战的打法。\n \n

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\n \n 澳大利亚的庄家则飞♠K，虽然成功，但他却追求3-3，定约宕掉。\n \n

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\n \n \n 别忘了点个在看哦！转发那就太好了！\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 亚太赛每日一牌回顾：有趣的四红心\n \n \n

\n

\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 风雨十四载、再夺亚太冠\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 荏苒十四载、再战亚太赛\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 十四年归来仍是追风少年\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 曼谷重启亚太大赛\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第53届亚太桥牌锦标赛落幕，欧公赛决赛法国内战\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 中国桥牌队亚太锦标赛大四喜，欧公赛女子团体冠军产生\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧公赛公团齐老板被淘汰、亚太赛迎来最后高潮\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧公赛公团结束首轮淘汰赛、亚太赛接近尾声\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛公团预赛结束、亚太赛完成上半程比赛\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 亚太桥牌锦标赛结束女团、混团第一循环比赛\n \n \n \n
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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛公团女团开赛，亚太赛中国占据三项第一\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 亚太赛第一天中国女队占优，欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛混团冠军产生\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 亚太桥牌锦标赛开幕，欧洲公开桥牌锦标赛产生老年团体冠军\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第53届亚太桥牌锦标赛即将开赛\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第四届亚洲杯结束、中国香港捧起“宁波杯”\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 2022年亚洲杯开赛\n \n \n

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\n \n 相关链接：\n \n 第三届亚洲杯桥牌赛开幕\n \n \n

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\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/YsbU0ZqyoOzWP_V3IZXtzA", + "creator": "标兵桥牌", + "pubDate": "Fri, 30 May 2025 00:00:00 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDTH0sTiajz6mMGDUjHnftbibdib7FEvMaiahjxG8C2mKODhpuRaUtBEnLTyDUl3T8iciaqCAYSUSymeB1ZA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/iauJ3TcMNYDTH0sTiajz6mMGDUjHnftbibdib7FEvMaiahjxG8C2mKODhpuRaUtBEnLTyDUl3T8iciaqCAYSUSymeB1ZA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247512572_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "标兵桥牌", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "e8464543f510223436e2028719dd5ce0", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "亚太赛每日一牌回顾：有趣的四红心", "description": "亚太锦标赛结束了，中国男队夺得冠军，在比赛期间所写的“每日一牌”，比赛期间并没有发出，从今天开始，给桥友们提供迟到的每日一牌。", @@ -16605,6 +18189,28 @@ "image": "http://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/UaCkGFG7ibFjGiaNsjaTQRQVCDu4ac0jmrEibMMPG8yksxnTHa8zlXAJGibclXwKEu6BsIIVp6cws9koySI0PUh3zA/0?wx_fmt=png", "description": "", "items": [ + { + "title": "新初一学生暑假学习指导", + "description": "愿你充分利用暑期，在具体处落实，在细微处坚持，度过一个充实、有意义的假期！", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 少年乘风起\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 未来皆可期\n \n \n \n

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\n \n 阅读时光\n \n

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\n 亲爱的长芙少年：\n

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\n 暑期已至，这是一个充满生机的夏天，小荷才露尖尖角，早有蜻蜓立上头，在休整了月余之后，你是否蓄势待发，即将满腔热情的迎接新的挑战？心似骄阳万丈光，不负青春少年郎，为了让大家初中生活更加出彩，我们已为你准备好了假期学习指导，愿你充分利用暑期，在具体处落实，在细微处坚持，度过一个充实、有意义的假期！\n

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\n \n \n 01 数学学习\n \n \n

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\n 夯实计算基础、提升数学素养，建议你在假期里完成以下实践，开学后长芙的“最强大脑讲题比赛”、“计算小达人”等你来挑战！\n

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\n \n 1.提升计算，夯实基础：\n \n

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\n 计算能力贯穿于整个初中数学学习的过程中。孩子们要知道，计算能力很重要哦。坚持每天完成20分钟左右的数学计算训练，有利于提高你的计算能力，为过好计算关打下坚实的基础。推荐公众号“汪松浩工作室”6月28日六年级暑假特训资料。\n

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\n \n 2.提前预习，事半功倍:\n \n

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\n 今年是新教材使用的第二年，同学们可以阅读了解我们发的电子教材，通过国家智慧云平台，预学七年级上册内容，重点预习第一章《有理数》、第二章《有理数的运算》，结合小学学过的四则混合运算，做一些适当的计算训练，提升计算准确度和速度，熟练一些简便计算和巧算的技巧。有余力的同学可以了解代数式、整式及计算、一元一次方程等章节，感受数到式的思维变化。\n

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\n （扫描二维码下载2024年秋季七上新版数学教材）\n

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\n \n 3.兴趣阅读，爱上数学:\n \n

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\n 读一本与数学有关的书，如《数学原来可以这样学初中篇》《学好数学并不难》等；看一个与数学有关的电影，如数学纪录片《被数学选中的人》《数学故事》《数学漫步》等；玩一个与数学有关的经典游戏，如数独、魔方、24点等。\n

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\n \n \n 02 语文学习\n \n \n

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\n 桃之夭夭，灼灼其华，语文，有淑女的温婉之美；水何澹澹，山岛竦峙，语文，有山河的壮丽之美；山有乔松，隰有游龙，语文，也有草木的清淡之美。语文之美无处不在，期待和你们一起走进课堂，共享语文之美！为了更快的适应初中的语文学习，老师在此给出几点学习建议：\n

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\n \n 1.\n \n \n 笔墨润心，习字立人：\n \n

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\n 一字一世界，一笔一乾坤。坚持每天定时定量地练字，不仅只是为了提高卷面成绩，更重要的是能磨练耐心，锻炼专注力，养成严谨细致的学习习惯，避免因为粗心大意而失分。字如其人，写一手好字，可以受益终生。建议选用楷体的字帖本，每天坚持练习20分钟，从临摹、描红开始，当然最重要的是在完成平时作业要有规范书写的意识。\n

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\n \n 2.\n \n \n 书香时光，每日阅读\n \n \n :\n \n

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\n 董宇辉用自己信手拈来的诗词和英文以及丰富而有感染力的表达，打动了无数网友，也让无数网友见证了阅读的力量。那些读过的书，会一本本充实你的内心，让虚无单调的世界变得五彩斑斓。那些书中的人物，会在你深陷生活泥潭之时，轻声地呼唤，用他们心怀梦想，不卑不亢的故事，激励你抵御苦难，勇往直前。这个暑期，请你们在文学的原野上尽情地撒欢。养成良好的阅读习惯，在书中与历史对话，与高尚交流，与智慧撞击，奠定厚重的人文素养基础，塑造丰富有趣的灵魂，让自己将来飞得更高更远。\n

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\n 初一上学期的必读名著是《朝花夕拾》《西游记》，同学们可以提前购买这些名著（建议购买“人民教育出版社”版本的），利用暑假的时间提前阅读。阅读名著时，同学们可以完成如下的内容：经典摘抄和批注、概括故事情节、给名著提问题、给名著作点评、自编名著知识比赛题、搜集并阅读有关名著的评论文章等，开学后我们会有“名著悦读”比赛哦！\n

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\n \n \n 03 英语学习\n \n \n

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\n 1.请给自己取一个有趣、有意义的英文名字，让这个特殊的符号伴随你开启美好的学习之旅吧。英文名字可不能随便取哦，它和我们的中文名一样也大有讲究，请花点时间去上网学习、或请教高人、或集合全家的智慧来获取满意的结果。\n

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\n 2.能书写出漂亮的英语字母，也是各位小萌新的加分项。首先，要规范书写26个字母：注意字母的笔画、笔顺、在四线三格中的大小写和占格问题。其次，要美观。最后，注意要逐渐提速。以后的学习时间紧张，任务重，所以大家要练好这项童子功。开学不久我们就会有英语书写bling bling star比赛，大家不妨在假期就开始好好准备。\n

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\n 3.过好基础关，预“背”词和句。记牢小学英语课本中的单词、词组、常用句子。单词可分类背默，如：动词、名词、形容词、副词等。理解掌握四大时态：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时。大家可以提前在线上找到新版英语教材，先背记七年级前5个单元的单词和课文中的典型句子。这样可以加快适应新老师，新课堂的过程，也会让你对英语学习信心加倍呢！\n

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\n 4.英语学习也和我们的社团活动紧密相关，如果你喜欢唱英文歌曲、喜欢看英文动画片、喜欢英语趣配音，请保持你的热爱，在假期里进行相应地储备，听英文歌、课文录音、英语新闻，看英文电影，通过模仿发音、跟读、复述或者配音的方式锻炼听说能力，开学社团招新的时候，你可以毫不犹豫地加入这些社团，让你的认知得到不断地拓展。英语学习其实就是中西方文化的交流之旅、思想碰撞之旅，愿大家一路以兴趣为伴，收获不断！\n

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\n \n \n \n https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/Wbp9PTTuj8RTcdQLj5ByZA\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n \n \n （复制以上链接，\n \n

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\n \n 可下载2024年秋季七上新版英语教材）\n \n

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\n \n \n 04 体育锻炼\n \n \n

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\n “文明其精神，野蛮其体魄”，健康的身体是学习生活的基础，初一准新生应该利用暑假时间合理进行体育锻炼，体育老师给你以下建议：\n

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\n \n 1.强化体育意识，养成体育锻炼习惯。在体育锻炼过程中，要进行合理计划，结合场地、器材、天气等因素制定训练计划，选择自己喜欢的体育运动进行锻炼。在运动中，注意穿上运动服、运动鞋，做好运动前的热身活动，运动后的拉伸放松，以防发生运动损伤。\n \n

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\n \n 2.发展1-2项个人喜爱的体育锻炼。暑假期间，大部分芙蓉区中小学都可以免费开放场地，有篮球馆、羽毛球馆、田径场、网球馆、游泳馆等，建议新生可以就近选择离家近的学校进行体育锻炼，尤其是球类运动（篮球、足球、排球等）这种同场竞技类体育活动可以增加学生进行集体户外活动，增加学生集体荣誉感。\n \n

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\n \n 3、提前为体育中考做准备。初中只有三年时间，初三的体育中考应该在初一入学前就要有所准备，2025年的体育中考项目是耐力类：男生1000米，女生800米，必选项；素质类：男生引体向上（女生一分钟仰卧起坐）、一分钟跳绳、立定跳远、双手正面投掷实心球，四选一；技巧类：排球正面双手垫球、篮球绕杆运球、足球绕杆运球、200米游泳，四选一。希望所有初一新生在运动中享受乐趣，增强体魄，寓教于乐！\n \n

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\n 术业宜从勤学起\n

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\n 韶华不为少年留\n

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\n 酝酿你与长芙的故事\n

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\n 期待你在长芙的\n

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\n 每一次精彩亮相\n

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\n \n - END -\n \n
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\n 来源：教务处\n

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\n 通讯员：张娟\n

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\n 编辑： 周露\n

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\n 初审： 张娟 贺丽娜 周露\n

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\n 二审：黎学科\n

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\n 三审：孔妹平\n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/V8KohkW5iNyaTWqUmITuGg", + "creator": "长沙市长郡芙蓉中学", + "pubDate": "Sat, 09 Aug 2025 10:17:06 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/IiauGwUia8SMOlFugEw7yMScvhC4kicLrGVY6svHtJfAiaPJWrr5TZUtAz9TZ67iaoVaOtPkGibK1zlyuII3XkGLtqiaQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/IiauGwUia8SMOlFugEw7yMScvhC4kicLrGVY6svHtJfAiaPJWrr5TZUtAz9TZ67iaoVaOtPkGibK1zlyuII3XkGLtqiaQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247604052_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "长郡芙蓉中学", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "588cbdd8360c03888f0d3642e92241e1", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "@2025级初一新生，你的录取通知书到啦！", "description": "请家长关注长沙市长郡芙蓉中学微信公众号。初一新生家长会、智慧班报名、新生入学教育等工作都将第一时间发布。", @@ -16627,6 +18233,28 @@ "hash": "881c8fc8b7f925129f1d7ae70d035974", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "珍爱生命谨防溺水，这些知识转给师生家长", + "description": "正值暑期，孩子们户外活动频率增高，家长千万要警惕，防止孩子发生溺水意外，以下这些防溺水安全知识，一起学起来", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 正值暑期，孩子们户外活动频率增高，家长千万要警惕，防止孩子发生溺水意外，以下这些防溺水安全知识，一起学起来—\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 牢记“七不”原则\n \n \n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 为了守护我们的生命安全，必须牢记“七不”原则：\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 1.\n \n \n \n \n 不私自下水游泳\n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 2.\n \n \n \n \n 不擅自与他人结伴游泳\n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 3.\n \n \n \n \n 不在无家长或教师带领的情况下游泳\n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 4.\n \n \n \n \n 不到无安全设施、无救援人员的水域游泳\n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 5.\n \n \n \n \n 不到不熟悉的水域游泳\n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 6.不在上下学的途中下溪、河等游泳\n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n \n \n 7.不熟悉水性的学生不擅自下水施救\n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n \n 安全小知识\n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 如果意外落水，别慌张！仰面吸气，双手划水，保留体力等待救援。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 如果遇到同伴溺水，不要盲目下水施救，要大声呼救，寻求周围成年人的帮助，要拨打急救电话；同时，可以将身边的木棍、树枝、漂浮物等递给溺水者。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 注意\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n \n 会游泳\n \n \n \n \n \n \n ≠会救人！\n \n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 专业救援交给大人和警察\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 家长朋友们，再忙也要看好孩子！您刷手机的5分钟，可能是孩子与危险擦肩而过的关键时刻，家门口的水塘、工地的积水坑，这些看似平常的地方，都潜藏着巨大的隐患。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 最后\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 别忘了\n \n
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\n \n \n \n 转发给身边的人\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 让更多人学会保护自己\n \n \n \n

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\n \n 来源：微言教育，转自湘微教育\n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/bXf__J5_597bfQ9-elYCCg", + "creator": "长沙市长郡芙蓉中学", + "pubDate": "Mon, 28 Jul 2025 16:31:07 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/IiauGwUia8SMPPJA3EtbdPt3iah0PDib0ZE8ZYpO4RKSmoSRMa8uFqhPmhhPQ5HQcZRFgnick6WGVIzz0fBiaicIRpGYA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/IiauGwUia8SMPPJA3EtbdPt3iah0PDib0ZE8ZYpO4RKSmoSRMa8uFqhPmhhPQ5HQcZRFgnick6WGVIzz0fBiaicIRpGYA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247603747_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "长郡芙蓉中学", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "749e2daaab24b274acac73f978ba9132", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "喜报 | 长郡芙蓉中学田径健儿省赛创佳绩", "description": "长郡芙蓉中学的运动健儿们热血拼搏，斩获多项荣誉，为校争光！", @@ -16649,6 +18277,28 @@ "hash": "fb31fd07eba44e129ac630fdbd9d89a5", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "暑假来了，如何引导孩子科学触网？", + "description": "如何引导孩子科学使用网络呢？家长可以从三个方面着手。", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 暑期已经开始，许多孩子放假在家，容易沉迷网络。这既影响学习，也伤害视力和身体，甚至可能有其他隐患，令人担忧。如何引导孩子科学使用网络呢？家长可以从三个方面着手。\n \n \n
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\n \n \n \n \n \n >>\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 其一，尽可能地丰富孩子的假期生活。\n \n 假期是孩子沉迷网络的高发阶段，在安排合理的学业任务之余，家长要想方设法丰富孩子的假期生活，把孩子的注意力从网络中吸引过来。\n \n \n
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\n \n \n 一方面，要充分尊重并发展孩子的兴趣爱好。每个孩子都有自己感兴趣的事，只是需要被发现。有的孩子喜欢艺术，有的孩子喜欢运动，有的孩子喜欢阅读，甚至有的孩子喜欢做家务，这些爱好都应该被尊重，而不是完全让位于学业任务。家长要尊重孩子的兴趣，创造必要的条件，让孩子有更多线下体验和社交的机会。例如，购买一些必要设备和工具，参加暑期研学项目，多进行一些亲子活动。\n \n \n
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\n \n \n 另一方面，优化家庭生活，利用社区家庭互助力量。暑假闲暇时间较多，家长要多陪伴孩子做他们喜欢做的事，共同设计规划暑期家庭生活。现代家庭“原子化”比较严重，不利于孩子成长。社区相近的家庭如果比较熟悉，可以建立“家庭共育互助小组”，共商孩子们的学习和游戏活动，帮助孩子们相互监督、共同成长。\n \n \n
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\n \n \n \n \n \n >>\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 其二，明确网络使用原则。\n \n 现在的青少年是“网络原住民”，不可能不接触网络。防止孩子假期沉迷网络，关键是明确网络使用的基本原则，帮助孩子提升网络素养。具体而言，包括科学性、文明性、安全性与合理性。\n \n \n
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\n \n \n 就科学性而言，家长要帮助孩子认清网络的工具属性，让网络服务于自己的学习和生活，避免陷入“信息茧房”。家长不妨提醒孩子，上网之前问问自己，为什么要上网、目的是什么；下网的时候，要问问自己目的是否达到。就文明性而言，要帮助孩子建立文明用网习惯，不信谣、不传谣，自觉抵制网络低俗之风。就安全性而言，家长不妨利用一些系统软件了解孩子的上网情况，同时提醒孩子注意保护个人隐私和家庭信息，警惕网络欺凌，不参与网络打赏等。就合理性而言，就是要上网有节制、内容有选择，少看短视频、少玩游戏，避免影响自己正常的假期生活。\n \n \n
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\n \n \n \n \n \n >>\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 其三，共同商定家庭网络使用细则。\n \n 基于上述网络使用原则，父母和孩子可以在假期初始阶段一起制定具体的网络使用细则。制定细则时，家长要与孩子开诚布公地沟通，让孩子充分认识到网络的两面性以及制定细则的意义。对于孩子为什么会喜欢玩手机，平时上网主要做什么，容易犯什么样的错误，家长心中要有数，并有针对性地提出相关建议。\n \n \n
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\n \n \n 具体而言，网络使用的细则可以包括使用范围（如联系朋友、获取信息、适当娱乐），以及使用时长、前提条件、违规处罚举措等。例如，网络使用时长（主要指游戏和社交）一般小学初中每天不\n \n \n \n 超过\n \n \n \n 1小时为宜，高中不超过2小时为宜，每次连续使用不超过30分钟；吃饭、家庭活动时间、睡前1小时、早上起床后1小时内等不使用手机；手机不用时不要放在身边，使用手机时不在卧室关起门来玩游戏；等等。当然，细则也要有灵活性，比如在生日、家庭聚会等特殊日子，或者孩子确实需要长时间用手机完成某项任务时，也可以提前商量后临时适当调整。\n \n \n
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\n \n \n 执行相关细则时，还要注意以下几点，这将直接影响细则能否真正起到正面效果。首先，家长要以身作则，尽量不在孩子面前玩手机。其次，制定的细则最好张榜公布，贴在家庭和孩子房间醒目的地方，必要时可以让孩子读一读。再次，如果孩子违规时，家长要及时提前提醒，温和且坚定地要求其停止，避免情绪化的惩罚。最后，父母、祖父母等所有的看护人对细则的理解和执行要一致。\n \n \n
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\n \n \n 来源：中国教育报\n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/JKuqYUWrVz_YVWz6HXOQqQ", + "creator": "长沙市长郡芙蓉中学", + "pubDate": "Tue, 15 Jul 2025 10:00:20 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/IiauGwUia8SMNndibjMozE7BFc6dNXOOUq3Q4EgumrZpp5ftiaBqUyL2euBXXf44TpAXpiaqSEa6g0lA1dGBc01aIibQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/IiauGwUia8SMNndibjMozE7BFc6dNXOOUq3Q4EgumrZpp5ftiaBqUyL2euBXXf44TpAXpiaqSEa6g0lA1dGBc01aIibQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247603722_3", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "长郡芙蓉中学", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "6e4c54b2bd9a042e9386220c29ebdd9a", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "趁暑假，给孩子养成这几个好习惯！", "description": "在享受假期快乐的同时，养成受益终身的健康生活方式！", @@ -16671,6 +18321,28 @@ "hash": "fc1768e25e5f0a784906d3eb8298c47b", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "@长沙少年 不做孤“泳”者！", + "description": "这份安全指南请收好！", + "content": "None", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/FonpBfKE4gqj-U2vSqct1g", + "creator": "长沙市长郡芙蓉中学", + "pubDate": "Tue, 15 Jul 2025 10:00:20 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/IiauGwUia8SMNndibjMozE7BFc6dNXOOUq3dLKAESFRBY8nI3z4P2cicaXwteLyCrM2cswqJNibC7YDonmmmzaicAhBA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/IiauGwUia8SMNndibjMozE7BFc6dNXOOUq3dLKAESFRBY8nI3z4P2cicaXwteLyCrM2cswqJNibC7YDonmmmzaicAhBA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247603722_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "长郡芙蓉中学", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "7fc8eff53256a8e5446bcc7288c17918", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "长郡芙蓉中学2025年阳光暑假告家长书", "description": "为了让孩子度过一个快乐和谐、文明安全而有意义的暑假，引导孩子合理计划和安排假期生活,现将暑假活动及新学期开学的有关安排告知如下：", @@ -16693,6 +18365,28 @@ "hash": "ff83604b08274ebd484a18bdb06cf4db", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "六月，长郡芙蓉微月刊来啦！", + "description": "生机盎然的六月，长郡芙蓉校园里发生了哪些大事小事呢？六月微月刊来为你揭晓！", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 夏夜追凉 杨万里\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 夜热依然午热同，开门小立月明中。\n \n \n
\n \n \n 竹深树密虫鸣处，时有微凉不是风。\n \n \n

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\n \n 生机盎然的六月，\n \n

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\n \n 长郡芙蓉校园里发生了哪些大事小事呢？\n \n

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\n \n 六月微月刊来为你揭晓！\n \n

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\n \n \n 月刊提要\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 校园动态\n \n \n \n

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\n \n ●长郡芙蓉中学2025年中考楹联出炉！\n \n

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\n \n ●2025年中考\n \n

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\n \n \n \n 教学教研\n \n \n \n

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\n \n ●“寻数学名家，讲数学趣题”讲题比赛\n \n

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\n \n ●2025年春教研组长述职总结会\n \n

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\n \n \n 校园动态\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 事件\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 长郡芙蓉中学2025年中考楹联出炉！\n \n \n

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\n \n 长锋出鞘，笔走龙蛇凝志气。芙园蓄势，诗成锦绣灿青云。2025年中考楹联以“长郡芙蓉”藏头，既彰显学校特色，又饱含对初三学子的殷切期许。\n \n

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\n \n \n 2025年中考\n \n \n

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\n \n 6月18日至20日，长沙市举行2025年初中学业水平考试。长芙学子自信迎考，长郡芙蓉中学中考考点各项工作组织有序，考风考纪优良，顺利完成2025年中考组考工作。\n \n

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\n \n \n 教学教研\n \n \n

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\n \n \n “寻数学名家，讲数学趣题”讲题比赛\n \n \n

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\n \n 为进一步激发学生学习数学的热情，七年级近日开展了\"寻数学名家，讲数学趣题\"的主题学科活动。15个班级以小组为单位，将笛卡尔、阿基米德、高斯等数学巨匠的数学成就与思想精髓转化为生动的课堂表达，在历史与现实的思维对话中展现数学魅力。\n \n

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\n \n \n 事件\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 2025年春教研组长述职总结会\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 为总结学期教研成果、凝聚团队智慧、规划发展路径，长郡芙蓉中学近日召开2025年春季学期教研组长述职总结会。各学科教研组长立足学科特色，以创新实践为锚点，展现教研新风貌。\n \n \n

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\n \n 素材：新闻中心\n \n

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\n \n 编辑：胡昕玥\n \n \n
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\n \n 初审：贺丽娜 周露\n \n

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\n \n \n 二审：黎学科\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 三审：孔妹平 夏琴\n \n \n

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\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/u7hhvqmBpPoBZjXsO4ZnKA", + "creator": "长沙市长郡芙蓉中学", + "pubDate": "Tue, 01 Jul 2025 18:08:51 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/IiauGwUia8SMOscrDgMt0wtvqNPchmuMCN3iafRZksR2vF1zXz6lLgoxEPw7dBBMiavwID6icRqnn1L2hpR8pVKcDCg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/IiauGwUia8SMOscrDgMt0wtvqNPchmuMCN3iafRZksR2vF1zXz6lLgoxEPw7dBBMiavwID6icRqnn1L2hpR8pVKcDCg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247603225_2", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "长郡芙蓉中学", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "66147c52573bd42c41c9b8d6ab06c46e", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "奋楫扬帆正当时 笃行致远启新程", "description": "长沙市长郡芙蓉中学2025年青年教师论坛成功举办", @@ -16715,6 +18409,28 @@ "hash": "bc60efe81fa01e108d9f140e8dd8706d", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "校园菜谱丨长郡芙蓉中学餐厅营养餐第二十一周食谱", + "description": "以生为本，全天候的陪伴，让安全、健康成为校园最坚实的底色。", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 长郡芙蓉中学\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 第二十一周营养菜谱\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 6.30-7.06\n \n \n \n

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\n \n 为了保证学生吃得健康、营养均衡，学校根据“学生餐营养指南”“中国居民膳食营养素参考摄入量”等标准科学制定每周“带量食谱”，详细规划每餐各类食物的种类和数量。\n \n

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\n \n \n 星期一菜谱\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 星期二菜谱\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 倾情守护\n \n \n

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\n \n 学校领导和后勤人员始终将学生的健康与安全放在首位，用无微不至的关怀筑起校园温暖的防线。\n \n

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\n \n \n 我们的日常剪影\n \n \n

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\n \n 每天清晨，后勤人员严格把关食材验收，确保每一份餐品的安全与营养；就餐时分，校领导走进食堂与学生们同桌同餐，亲切询问饭菜口味，倾听学子心声。从食堂明厨亮灶的全程监督，到校园角落的定期安全排查，他们以生为本，全天候的陪伴，让安全、健康成为校园最坚实的底色。\n \n

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\n \n \n 营养配比\n \n \n

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\n \n 来源：总务处\n \n \n
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\n \n 通讯员：刘毅 周露\n \n

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\n \n 编辑：周露\n \n

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\n \n 初审：欧滔 贺丽娜 周露\n \n

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\n \n 二审：黎学科\n \n

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\n \n 三审：孔妹平 夏琴\n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/BZYbd0Vwf7meinwUO-7apA", + "creator": "长沙市长郡芙蓉中学", + "pubDate": "Sun, 29 Jun 2025 19:59:12 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/IiauGwUia8SMNRPxrJNsmNtVb1bLqpp1DicramNVicC8TkmhFxMow3HQEiba3T7cwqMP6IFGRYDqZy7V0U1zCuIx63Q/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/IiauGwUia8SMNRPxrJNsmNtVb1bLqpp1DicramNVicC8TkmhFxMow3HQEiba3T7cwqMP6IFGRYDqZy7V0U1zCuIx63Q/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247603180_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "长郡芙蓉中学", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "487f25481b00b8596ec91c3f6361eef0", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "从兰里到芙蓉，一场教育的温暖奔赴——段俊宇老师的跟岗心语", "description": "在芙蓉沃土绽放的兰里星光，段俊宇老师以成长致谢，以深情告白！", @@ -16737,6 +18453,28 @@ "hash": "d8d06b862afec18ec3adc80b5d3545e5", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "从芙蓉到龙山，以科创点亮未来——陈水章老师的支教之路", + "description": "陈水章老师用科技与爱，在湘西的群山间播撒创新的种子。", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 从芙蓉到龙山\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 以科创点亮未来\n \n \n

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\n \n 陈水章老师的支教之路\n \n

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\n \n 2024年8月，我校全国科技创新名师、湖南省特级教师陈水章远赴湘西龙山县第一小学支教。一年来，他扎根山区，用科创教育点燃孩子们的梦想，为山乡教育注入新的活力。\n \n

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\n \n \n 01\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 从实验到实践，让科学触手可及\n \n \n

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\n \n 陈水章老师因地制宜，将课堂搬进自然与生活。他带领学生从溶洞生态保护等实际问题出发，研发《溶洞旅游生态监管修复装置》，历经数十次调试，最终斩获全国发明展览会铜奖。“失败是发明的勋章！”他的鼓励让学生们明白，创新源于坚持。\n \n

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\n \n \n 02\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 从设备到理念，让资源跨越山海\n \n \n

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\n \n 为拓宽山区孩子的科学视野，陈老师联动长沙科普资源，组织“科普资源助力‘双减’”活动，引入无人机、机器人等前沿科技体验。2025年初，他推动建设的“创客工作室”正式落地，3D打印机、激光切割机等设备让孩子们的奇思妙想有了实现的舞台。\n \n

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\n \n \n 03\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 从个人到团队，让星火生生不息\n \n \n

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\n \n 陈老师深知，教育帮扶重在“造血”。他通过“国培计划”和名师工作室，为当地教师传授科创教学方法，带动龙山县多所中小学开展系统化科创实践。在他的指导下，学生作品屡获佳绩，学校被评为“科技创新优秀组织单位”。\n \n

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\n \n “教育不是注满一桶水，而是点燃一把火。”陈水章老师用科技与爱，在湘西的群山间播撒创新的种子。从芙蓉到龙山，这段跨越千里的支教之路，不仅照亮了山区孩子的未来，更诠释了教育者的使命与担当。\n \n

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\n \n 来源：科创中心 新闻中心\n \n

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\n \n 通讯员：陈水章\n \n

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\n \n 编辑：胡昕玥\n \n

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\n \n 初审： 贺丽娜 周露\n \n

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\n \n 二审：黎学科\n \n

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\n \n 三审：孔妹平 夏琴\n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/Dp1eEV-tfCvuRusEr4EHYw", + "creator": "长沙市长郡芙蓉中学", + "pubDate": "Fri, 27 Jun 2025 16:20:01 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/IiauGwUia8SMNBOMR26oAmxE88k2zz8mrVtibZAxIpeYre7lkH02Aoz5OJoEwvJjrg0HUAogwfz9QVUicroc7MfpvQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/IiauGwUia8SMNBOMR26oAmxE88k2zz8mrVtibZAxIpeYre7lkH02Aoz5OJoEwvJjrg0HUAogwfz9QVUicroc7MfpvQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247603160_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "长郡芙蓉中学", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "0000eafc10f4592141bc55a371285df6", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "聚焦教研深耕 赋能师生成长", "description": "长郡芙蓉中学召开2025年春教研组长述职总结会", @@ -16759,6 +18497,28 @@ "hash": "af3b62e5054fdc6aacffe632e570dd5b", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "@全市家长，关于暑期校外培训，这几点是关键！", + "description": "防范违规培训带来的风险隐患", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 各位家长朋友：\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 暑假将至，为进一步巩固我市校外培训专项治理成效，防范违规培训带来的风险隐患，确保广大学生度过一个充实、愉快的假期，我们诚恳地向广大家长朋友发出以下温馨提示：\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n \n 一是科学规划假期，关注孩子全面发展。\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 孩子的成长不仅关乎学业成绩，更在于健全人格的培养。请家长朋友尊重孩子成长的规律，结合学校暑假安排，与孩子共同制定科学合理的假期计划，避免盲目报班。鼓励孩子多参与阅读、劳动、体育锻炼和社会实践，帮助孩子养成良好的学习生活习惯，提升自理能力和综合素质。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n \n 二是严守安全底线，拒绝违规培训。\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 根据国家“双减”政策要求，\n \n \n \n \n 暑假期间严禁开展义务教育学科培训。\n \n \n \n \n 培训机构或个人以“家教辅导”“一对一”“托管”“众筹私教”“素质拓展”“AI自习室”以及游学研学、夏令营等名义开展的学科类培训均属违规行为。请特别注意：\n \n \n \n \n \n 拒绝参加隐形变异学科类培训；拒绝参加存在安全隐患的“无证”培训；拒绝参加与招生挂钩的各种违规竞赛；远离高风险培训项目。\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n \n 三是理性选择非学科培训，注重资质审查。\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 如确需参加艺术、体育、科技等非学科类校外培训，请根据孩子兴趣和需求谨慎选择。选择培训机构时应做到\n \n \n \n \n \n “一看、二试、三存”\n \n \n \n \n \n ，即：\n \n \n \n \n \n 看培训机构证照是否齐全；先试听培训课程，满意再签订合同；保存好培训机构的相关资料、培训合同、收费票据等。\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 不要去没有办学许可证的机构参加培训\n \n ，选择证照齐全、场地安全、消防设施完备的培训机构。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 四是规范缴费流程，防范资金风险。\n \n \n \n \n \n 为有效避免“退费难”“卷款跑路”纠纷，参与校外培训时请牢记\n \n \n \n \n “三必须”\n \n \n \n \n ：\n \n \n \n \n \n 一是必须签订《中小学生校外培训服务合同（示范文本）》；二是必须使用教育部校外培训家长端APP缴费，将费用交至指定的监管账户中，\n \n 一次性缴费时间跨度不得超过3个月或60个课时，且不得超过5000元；\n \n 三是必须索取正规发票等收费凭证。\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 五是主动参与监督，共建健康教育环境。\n \n \n \n \n \n 违法违规培训扰乱教育秩序，损害家长权益，我们真诚欢迎家长朋友共同参与监督。如校外培训机构存在违法违规行为，请及时向属地教育部门反映，涉及违规收退费、虚假宣传等问题的，亦可向消费者协会（12315）投诉。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 减负才能增效，健康才能长效。家长朋友们，让我们携起手来，共同呵护孩子的健康成长，为孩子们安排一个安全、快乐、有意义的暑假！\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 咨询和投诉电话\n \n \n
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\n \n \n 各区县（市）校外培训机构“白名单”（链接）\n \n \n
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\n \n \n \n 湘江新区\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 19家优秀！湖南湘江新区2024年度校外培训机构“体检报告”出炉！\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 芙蓉区\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 校外培训重要提醒！芙蓉区校外培训机构2024年度办学情况检查结果出炉\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 天心区\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 教育发布丨天心区校外培训机构\"年检成绩单\"出炉，21所优秀！\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 开福区\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 开福区校外培训“优选清单”新鲜出炉！您选对机构了吗？\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 雨花区\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 缴费须用“校外培训家长端”，报名先看培训机构白名单——2024年度雨花区校外培训机构“体检报告”出炉！\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 望城区\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 长沙市望城区2024年度民办学校(幼儿园) 办学情况评估结果通报\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 长沙县\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 长沙县校外培训重要提醒！2024年度长沙县校外培训机构“体检报告”出炉\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 浏阳市\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 53 家优秀！ 浏阳市2024年度校外培训机构办学评估结果出炉！\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 宁乡市\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 宁乡市教育局关于2024年度民办学校办学情况评估通报\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 艺考培训机构“白名单”（链接）\n \n \n
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\n \n \n \n 更新！长沙市66家艺术高考培训机构“白名单”出炉\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 教育部校外培训家长APP使用指南\n \n \n
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\n \n 一、官方网站下载。手机浏览器搜索“全国校外教育培训监管与服务综合平台（https://xwpx.eduyun.cn/bmp-web/）”官方网站下载“校外培训家长端”（右上角“APP下载”）\n \n

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\n \n 二、应用商店下载。手机应用商店搜索“校外培训家长端”下载安装应用程序\n \n

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\n \n \n 来源：长沙教育\n \n \n
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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/W97LSmTq2VMQEHzaAmLI2w", + "creator": "长沙市长郡芙蓉中学", + "pubDate": "Mon, 23 Jun 2025 08:59:32 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/IiauGwUia8SMOBd8tlrZIJczUv3U6hUCD6icK1dndVXosPibibjMwCHzE1CG3fT17icOzVGAh98O9k5TUR12soUPQzLg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/IiauGwUia8SMOBd8tlrZIJczUv3U6hUCD6icK1dndVXosPibibjMwCHzE1CG3fT17icOzVGAh98O9k5TUR12soUPQzLg/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247603006_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "长郡芙蓉中学", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "f2dab2655b2affe7dca0c9a21dddf731", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "校园菜谱丨长郡芙蓉中学餐厅营养餐第二十周食谱", "description": "以生为本，全天候的陪伴，让安全、健康成为校园最坚实的底色。", @@ -16781,6 +18541,28 @@ "hash": "5ae83a631db81ae65c3b456f482f9d17", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "最后一掌击出高分能量！直击我校送考名场面", + "description": "这些镜头比满分更珍贵", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 这些镜头比高分更珍贵\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 守护的力量\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n ——长沙市长郡芙蓉中学——\n \n \n \n

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\n \n ★★★\n \n

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\n \n \n 击掌送考，师恩如炬\n \n \n

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\n \n 清晨，校门口早已站满了送考的老师们。他们身着红色“加油服”，用最灿烂的笑容和最有力的击掌，为每一位走进考场的学子送上祝福。“加油！”“相信自己！”一声声鼓励，化作孩子们心底最坚定的力量。\n \n

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\n \n \n 微笑出场，青春无悔\n \n \n

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\n \n 当最后一科考试结束，学生们迈着轻快的步伐走出考场，脸上洋溢着自信的笑容。这一刻，所有的紧张与疲惫都化作了成长的勋章。\n \n

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\n \n \n 翘首以盼，亲情守护\n \n \n

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\n \n 校门外，家长们翘首望向考场方向。他们的目光里，有期待，更有心疼。当孩子飞奔而来，相拥的瞬间，便是最动人的风景。\n \n

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\n \n \n 初二学子，初试锋芒\n \n \n

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\n \n 这一天，也是初二同学们的主场。他们带着老师和父母的祝福，昂首走进生地会考的考场。这场“小中考”，是青春的第一次淬炼，更是梦想的起点。\n \n

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\n \n \n 定格时光，毕业留影\n \n \n

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\n \n （下滑查看更多）\n \n

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\n \n 愿所有学子带着这份勇气与温暖，在更广阔的天地里乘风破浪。母校永远在这里，等你回家！\n \n

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\n \n \n END\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 来源：新闻中心\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 通讯员：周露\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 编辑：周露\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 初审： 贺丽娜 周露\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 二审：黎学科\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 三审：孔妹平 夏琴\n \n \n

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\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/mCJm4Qn-X-QXhVg_4BxoPQ", + "creator": "长沙市长郡芙蓉中学", + "pubDate": "Fri, 20 Jun 2025 15:23:06 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/IiauGwUia8SMPC1lGSsvfQZkeXNcEFd6uCKQCWQxGrqYsvn0Wy5XcqHD2YoB1buBMSLqPzrPOT1F4BM6kRbqyUKQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/IiauGwUia8SMPC1lGSsvfQZkeXNcEFd6uCKQCWQxGrqYsvn0Wy5XcqHD2YoB1buBMSLqPzrPOT1F4BM6kRbqyUKQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247602998_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "长郡芙蓉中学", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "7484e670a736e9b5e1ebafb5f9e7e133", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "中考第二天｜暖心守护不停歇，师生同心战中考！", "description": "直击长郡芙蓉中学考点暖心瞬间", @@ -16803,6 +18585,28 @@ "hash": "f79a6740bddb4618fa82134658906fca", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "正式启动！中宣部公安部联合部署！", + "description": "反诈是门必修课，筑牢防线守好责", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 为深入贯彻落实习近平总书记重要指示精神，按照全国打击治理电信网络诈骗工作视频会议部署要求，贯彻落实反电信网络诈骗法，\n \n \n \n \n 中央宣传部、公安部于6月16日联合启动“全民反诈在行动”集中宣传月活动，\n \n \n \n \n 进一步加大反诈宣传力度，不断提升群众防骗意识，切实营造全社会反诈浓厚氛围。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 此次集中宣传月活动的主题是“反诈是门必修课，筑牢防线守好责”。\n \n \n \n \n 根据活动安排，各地各部门将在全国范围内组织开展\n \n \n 防范电信网络诈骗犯罪“进社区、进农村、进家庭、进学校、进企业”的“五进”活动\n \n \n ，着力构建立足社区、覆盖全社会的反诈宣传体系。为增强反诈宣传针对性，\n \n \n 公安部联合中央广播电视总台共同推出《全民反诈公开课》普法宣传节目\n \n \n ，通过剖析真实案例，全面普及反诈领域相关知识，揭批最新电诈犯罪手法，切实提升广大群众防范意识和反诈能力水平。期间，\n \n \n 公安部刑侦局将会同国家反诈中心发布《2025版防范电信网络诈骗宣传手册》\n \n \n ；组织第三届全国反诈短视频大赛，针对易受骗群体开展有针对性的防范宣传；会同相关行业主管部门督促金融机构、电信业务经营者、互联网服务提供者对本行业从业人员及服务对象深入开展反诈宣传。同时，主要新闻媒体和新媒体平台将持续推出反诈系列报道，不断扩大宣传范围、提高宣传精度，持续掀起全民反诈、全社会反诈的新热潮。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 全国公安机关坚决落实党中央决策部署，认真贯彻反电信网络诈骗法，坚持“四专两合力”思路，统筹推进打击治理电信网络新型违法犯罪工作，深入开展“断卡”“断流”“拔钉”“斩链”等专项行动，严厉打击为境外诈骗集团提供推广引流、转账洗钱、技术开发、组织偷渡等非法服务的涉诈黑灰产犯罪团伙，\n \n \n 2024年共破获电信网络诈骗案件\n \n \n 29.4\n \n \n 万起，抓获了一大批违法犯罪嫌疑人，其中诈骗集团幕后“金主”、头目和骨干\n \n \n 570\n \n \n 余名，\n \n \n 狠狠打击了诈骗分子嚣张气焰。各地各部门密切配合、通力合作，强化综合治理，堵塞监管漏洞，全力挤压涉诈违法犯罪活动空间。工信部扎实推进电信和互联网业务治理，推动企业落实反诈责任，组织开展多批次执法检查，推动反诈工作迈上新台阶。中国人民银行常态化推进“资金链”治理，形成部门联动、行业联防、系统联网治理体系。\n \n \n 2024年以来，国家反诈中心全力推进预警劝阻和技术反制工作，累计下发资金预警指令\n \n \n 183.8\n \n \n 万条，会同相关部门拦截诈骗电话\n \n \n 46.9\n \n \n 亿次、短信\n \n \n 33.7\n \n \n 亿条，处置涉案域名网址\n \n \n 1181\n \n \n 万个，紧急拦截涉案资金\n \n \n 3151\n \n \n 亿元。\n \n \n 各地公安机关累计见面劝阻477.8万人次，形成了齐抓共管、群防群治的整体合力，有力维护了人民群众财产安全和合法权益。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 来源 | 公安部\n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/t6_smGk5Zv6-kRCmCOPYdA", + "creator": "长沙市长郡芙蓉中学", + "pubDate": "Wed, 18 Jun 2025 10:52:10 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/IiauGwUia8SMOHJJggsLPO582MhT1QsN5IEnc60BFBdkibl1BKPcQztQRAZriaLBEW3Zb1nZrmkss4WrEpttTicT3rA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/IiauGwUia8SMOHJJggsLPO582MhT1QsN5IEnc60BFBdkibl1BKPcQztQRAZriaLBEW3Zb1nZrmkss4WrEpttTicT3rA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247602877_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "长郡芙蓉中学", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "dcf700907fa6987805e33c1db72e1ad4", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "中考首日 | 以爱为名，护航追梦——直击长郡芙蓉中学考点暖心瞬间", "description": "直击长郡芙蓉中学中学考点暖心瞬间", @@ -16825,6 +18629,28 @@ "hash": "693649752c2ec269e9adb6cb022f85f5", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "学子挥毫 为自己助威丨长郡芙蓉中学2025年中考楹联出炉！", + "description": "长郡芙蓉中学2025年中考楹联出炉！", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 长郡芙蓉中学初三全体教师祝学子一举夺魁\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 一\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 楹联解读\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 上联：长锋出鞘，笔走龙蛇凝志气\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 下联：芙园蓄势，诗成锦绣灿青云\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 这副对联以“长郡芙蓉”藏头，既彰显学校特色，又饱含对初三学子的殷切期许。\n \n \n

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\n \n 上联“长锋出鞘，笔走龙蛇凝志气”。以“长锋出鞘”喻指学子如利剑般锐意进取，考场亮剑；“笔走龙蛇”既赞其书法遒劲，更暗喻答题时文思敏捷、挥洒自如。末尾“凝志气”三字，点明平日苦读积淀的沉稳与自信。\n \n

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\n \n 下联“芙园蓄势，诗成锦绣灿青云”。“芙园”代指长郡芙蓉校园，呼应藏头；“蓄势”暗示三年厚积薄发，恰如花开前的沉潜。“诗成锦绣”双关，既指答卷如华章，亦寓人生篇章的绚丽；“灿青云”则寄寓学子扶摇直上，前程似锦。\n \n

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\n \n 全联对仗工稳，意象昂扬，将考场拼搏与人生志向熔铸一体，既有刀剑出鞘的豪迈，又有花开锦绣的雅致。\n \n

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\n \n \n 二\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 作者简介\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n \n 2206班 李荐涵\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 李荐涵，女，长郡芙蓉中学初三年级2206班学生，共青团员，“红领巾三星章” “美丽长芙人”、长郡集团未来奖学金一等奖获得者，长沙市三好学生，长沙市书香少年，湖南省书香少年。\n \n \n

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\n \n 她学习勤奋，文理并重。敏于思考，举一反三，各科均衡发展，成绩名列前茅，被评为“三好学生” “年级学习标兵”。她注重阅读和写作。对书本甘之如饴，广泛涉猎，参加影评及读书征文活动，多次获市级奖。她传承文化，爱好书法和朗诵。两次参加“笔墨中国”硬笔书法大赛，均获省级国家级奖。软笔书法获省级奖。 两次参加“诵读中国”比赛，均获省级国家级奖。参加芙蓉区新媒体主持大赛，获一等奖。她热心公益，亲近自然。积极参加社会实践活动，善于将创新“金点子”与生活实际相结合。\n \n

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\n \n \n 学生表彰\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 三\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 优秀学生佳作\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 谢梓圣 2211班\n \n \n

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\n \n 【上联】\n \n

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\n \n 十载寒窗，笔耕不辍，澄池点化灵犀境；\n \n

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\n \n 【下联】\n \n

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\n \n 百年绛帐，薪火相传，楚地催开折桂诗。\n \n

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\n \n \n \n 邓一晨 2401班\n \n \n \n

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\n \n 【上联】\n \n

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\n \n 笔蘸烟霞书壮志，九载砺锋，一朝试玉郡园里；\n \n

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\n \n 【下联】\n \n

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\n \n 胸怀星斗绽芙蓉，千帆竞渡，六月燃情天地间。\n \n

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\n \n \n \n 贾梓涵 2206班\n \n \n \n

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\n \n 【横批】：青春逐梦\n \n

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\n \n 【上联】：十年磨剑寒光闪，书海扬帆逐梦行\n \n

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\n \n 【下联】：六月试锋芒气锐，考场挥笔铸华章\n \n

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\n \n \n 田丰裕 2208班\n \n \n

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\n \n 【上联】：墨浪千叠 卷上争锋志在征\n \n

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\n \n 【下联】：星途万里 笔尖筑梦心向赢\n \n

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\n \n \n 赵佳昊 2201班\n \n \n

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\n \n 【横批】：枝繁叶茂\n \n

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\n \n 【上联】：未来美一点;\n \n

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\n \n 【下联】：现在苦一点 ‌;\n \n

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\n \n 红笺映日风含笑，\n \n \n
\n \n \n 壮志凌云笔作枪。\n \n \n
\n \n \n 待到考场挥洒处，\n \n \n
\n \n \n 定将佳绩报师长！\n \n

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\n \n 来源：新闻中心 教科室\n \n

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\n \n 通讯员：周露 黄芳艳\n \n

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\n \n 编辑：周露\n \n

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\n \n 初审：王佳乐 贺丽娜 周露\n \n

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\n \n 二审：黎学科\n \n

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\n \n 三审：孔妹平 夏琴\n \n

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\n
\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/v-QrQDMit1088OZhKdX7aA", + "creator": "长沙市长郡芙蓉中学", + "pubDate": "Tue, 17 Jun 2025 14:21:03 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/IiauGwUia8SMOHJJggsLPO582MhT1QsN5I33OfQ1u2ZFaMOV7UatVntpXIH97WwFalUdbZ2giaEIXpBwXZYR7cibEA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/IiauGwUia8SMOHJJggsLPO582MhT1QsN5I33OfQ1u2ZFaMOV7UatVntpXIH97WwFalUdbZ2giaEIXpBwXZYR7cibEA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247602830_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "长郡芙蓉中学", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "304896f375164866b6ee3b244363a399", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "校园菜谱丨长郡芙蓉中学餐厅营养餐第十九周食谱", "description": "以生为本，全天候的陪伴，让安全、健康成为校园最坚实的底色。", @@ -16847,6 +18673,28 @@ "hash": "eab027257e07694d5063d73434d3c835", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "科学防控近视，守护“睛”彩童年——2025年全国爱眼日致家长的一封信", + "description": "6.6全国爱眼日", + "content": "
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\n \n \n \n \n 6.6\n \n \n \n \n \n \n 全国爱眼日\n \n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n \n \n 关注普遍的眼健康\n \n \n \n \n
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\n \n \n 亲爱的家长朋友们：\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 大家好！2025年6月6日是第30个全国“爱眼日”，今年的主题是“关注普遍的眼健康”。家庭是近视防控的第一道防线，作为孩子最亲密的守护者，您的重视与行动将直接影响孩子的视力健康。那么，家长在日常生活中该如何引导孩子守护视力健康呢？\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 护眼法宝要记牢，科学防控见成效\n \n \n
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\n \n \n 近视防控抓早抓小是关键，孩子的视力健康需要从小关注、及早预防，每一个护眼习惯的养成，都是守护清晰‘视’界的重要基石。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n \n 1.每天2小时户外活动，阳光是最好的\"眼药\"\n \n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 倡导家长营造良好的家庭体育运动氛围，和孩\n \n \n \n \n 子一起参加体育锻炼，鼓励、引导和支持孩子掌握1-2项运动技能，保证孩子每天至少2小时日间户外活动，或者每周累计达到14小时，幼儿每天户外活动时间可适当增加到3小时以上。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n \n 2.端正读写姿势，正确坐姿要记牢\n \n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 家长应提供与孩子身高相匹配的书桌椅，培养孩子的正确读写姿势，做到“一尺一拳一寸”，即眼睛距离书本一尺（约33厘米）、胸口与桌子间隔一拳、握笔的手指距离笔尖一寸（约3.3厘米）。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n \n 3.屏幕大小有讲究，用眼时长严遵守\n \n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 倡导家长加强对孩子使用电子产品的监督管理，选择合适的电子屏幕，建议使用的次序为投影仪、电视、电脑、平板，不建议用手机；合理控制使用电子产品时间，中小学生非学习目的的电子产品使用单次不宜超过15分钟，每天累计不宜超过1小时。使用电子产品学习30—40分钟后，可以通过远眺、轻微活动、户外活动、做眼保健操等一种或多种方式放松眼睛。年龄越小，连续使用电子产品的时间应越短。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n \n 4.减轻课外负担，保障充足睡眠\n \n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 倡导家长积极配合学校减轻孩子作业负担和校外培训负担，不盲目参加课外培训、跟风报班，应根据孩子兴趣爱好合理选择，避免学校减负、家庭增负。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 要监督孩子保证充足睡眠时间，小学生10小时，初中生9小时，高中生8小时，帮助孩子养成良好的作息习惯。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 眼睛的\"求救信号\"，你注意到了吗？\n \n \n
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\n \n \n \n 家长要主动关注孩子眼健康，当孩子反映看近清楚、看远模糊，或家长观察到孩子有眯眼视物、频繁眨眼、习惯性揉眼、皱眉、歪头视物等现象时，可能是视力在“报警”，要及时带孩子到正规医疗机构进行检查，做到早预防、早发现、早干预。\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 这些误区你中招了吗？\n \n \n
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\n \n \n \n \n 1.近视都是电子产品惹的祸吗？\n \n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 近视不单单与使用电子产品有关，遗传因素、近距离用眼时间过长和缺乏充足户外运动等，是导致近视的主要原因。使用电子产品时，大多是近距离用眼，过多使用电子产品也会压缩户外活动时间，这些都是电子产品对近视的影响。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n \n 2.远视储备不足就意味着将来一定会发生近视吗？\n \n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 其实也不是的，这种情况只是增加了近视发生的风险，而不代表已经近视，需要结合视力、眼轴、角膜曲率等情况进行综合判断。这个时候家长需引起重视，但也不必过度焦虑，可寻求专业人士的帮助。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n \n 3.有必要进行散瞳验光吗？\n \n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 散瞳验光的专业说法为睫状肌麻痹验光，它能够使睫状肌放松，消除调节痉挛，使验光结果更客观、真实地反映出孩子眼睛的度数，是国际公认的诊断近视的金标准。建议12岁以下，尤其是初次验光，或有远视、斜弱视和较大散光的儿童一定要进行散瞳验光。\n \n \n

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\n \n 家长应主动了解科学用眼护眼知识，配合学校积极参加近视防控科普活动并向孩子宣讲，以身作则，减少对手机、电脑、网络游戏等的依赖，带头不做“低头族”，正确引导示范，培养运动和户外活动习惯，提升孩子身体素质。\n \n

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\n \n 长沙市疾病预防控制中心（长沙市卫生综合监督执法局）\n \n

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\n \n 来源：长沙市疾病预防控制中心（长沙市卫生综合监督执法局）\n \n
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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/Vsx2RrApHAblYmHI835Q-g", + "creator": "长沙市长郡芙蓉中学", + "pubDate": "Mon, 09 Jun 2025 16:17:23 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/IiauGwUia8SMMic7udP0XVyfKh8qyPT9f7BwW7W86yicicRaaWNPtARb861fAyQFmb3ASq6OXuWsP3ulvDy671MianmA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/IiauGwUia8SMMic7udP0XVyfKh8qyPT9f7BwW7W86yicicRaaWNPtARb861fAyQFmb3ASq6OXuWsP3ulvDy671MianmA/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247602222_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "长郡芙蓉中学", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "5f7eac88966903312080eb1663132801", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "校园菜谱丨长郡芙蓉中学餐厅营养餐第十八周食谱", "description": "以生为本，全天候的陪伴，让安全、健康成为校园最坚实的底色。", @@ -16869,6 +18717,28 @@ "hash": "a427461dd8cfcf52159fca59d617a3a3", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "追寻名家之光 共探数学之趣 ｜ “寻数学名家,讲数学趣题” 讲题比赛", + "description": "本次活动为长芙学子播种了热爱数学的种子。", + "content": "
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\n \n \n 追寻名家之光 共探数学之趣\n \n \n

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\n \n \n ——“寻数学名家，讲数学趣题”讲题比赛\n \n \n

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\n \n 为进一步激发学生学习\n \n \n 数学的热情\n \n \n ，七年级近日开展了\"寻数学名家，讲数学趣题\"的主题学科活动。15个班级以小组为单位，将笛卡尔、阿基米德、高斯等数学巨匠的数学成就与思想精髓转化为生动的课堂表达，在历史与现实的思维对话中展现数学魅力。\n \n

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\n \n \n \n 名家故事走上讲台 在历史中解码思维基因\n \n \n \n

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\n \n 各小组围绕数学名家生平展开深度挖掘，将数学名家的生平轶事与核心成就巧妙结合。有的用时间轴课件梳理阿基米德从王冠实验到浮力原理的发现历程，将古希腊的科学探索可视化；有的通过动画还原笛卡尔发现和建立解析几何的过程。课件设计巧妙融合史料插画与现代图解，让同学们在\"数学家如何思考\"的情境中，理解抽象理论的诞生逻辑。\n \n

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\n \n \n 数学遇见多元表达 跨学科创意美学\n \n \n

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\n \n 在小组讲题环节中，同学们展现出了惊人的跨学科创造力。有的小组以\"笛卡尔与坐标系\"主题设计了动态时间轴：当课件播放到1619年的夜晚，屏幕左侧浮现笛卡尔卧床观察蜘蛛结网的历史插画，右侧则同步生成由蜘蛛位置抽象出的(x,y)坐标点。这种将几何图形与物理运动结合的设计，让坐标系的诞生过程如电影般具象。擅长艺术设计的小组以分形几何为灵感，让科赫雪花的迭代动画与埃舍尔矛盾空间画作相映成趣；还有小组将数学家故事改编成互动情景剧，实现动态演示，使数学方法兼具视觉美感与逻辑张力。\n \n

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\n \n \n \n 讲题现场的思维碰撞 从知识传递到能力生长\n \n \n \n

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\n \n 讲题比赛中，\"小讲师\"们展现出独特的表达风格：有的用角色扮演还原鸡兔同笼的解题场景，有的通过LED灯效模拟七桥问题的路径探索，还有的设计\"误差分析\"互动环节，引导观众对比古今算法的精度差异。评委老师提到：\"孩子们将抽象问题转化为可感知的讲解形式，既锻炼了逻辑表达，又深化了对数学本质的理解。\"\n \n

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\n \n \"这不仅是讲题比赛，更是数学思维的传播现场。\"\n \n \n \n 担任评委的何志红老师在总结中提到。各组凭借清晰的解题思路、创意的课件设计角逐奖项。周华丽老师表示：“活动既锻炼了学生的表达与协作能力，又让数学从课本走向生活，展现了学科的趣味性与实用性。”\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 此次活动不仅加深了学生对数学知识的理解，更在探究名家思维的过程中，播下了热爱数学的种子。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 获奖留影\n \n \n

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\n \n 来源：初一数学组\n \n

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\n \n 通讯员：段俊宇\n \n

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\n \n 编辑：彭孝文\n \n

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\n \n 初审：张海峰 贺丽娜 周露\n \n

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\n \n \n 二审：黎学科\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 三审：孔妹平 夏琴\n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/lQ7ECaa6I6lmcdy6YQ7nUA", + "creator": "长沙市长郡芙蓉中学", + "pubDate": "Fri, 06 Jun 2025 15:06:33 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/IiauGwUia8SMM6u9aIC0AniauUTbtYzpBpzum9KSStxlEn2K7pnrLF8hm3Gkpc7CEAG0LlZRTw1UzmeBh0Wvs2PAw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/IiauGwUia8SMM6u9aIC0AniauUTbtYzpBpzum9KSStxlEn2K7pnrLF8hm3Gkpc7CEAG0LlZRTw1UzmeBh0Wvs2PAw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247601570_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "长郡芙蓉中学", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "c635218c86d0fe6863be057aaa2f0220", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "校园菜谱丨长郡芙蓉中学餐厅营养餐第十七周食谱", "description": "以生为本，全天候的陪伴，让安全、健康成为校园最坚实的底色。", @@ -16891,6 +18761,28 @@ "hash": "a2d59d2794cdedb85fed3c82a7ab2f63", "highlights": [] }, + { + "title": "“睛”彩守护，为eye而战！", + "description": "学校将持续关注学生的视力健康", + "content": "
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\n \n \n “睛”彩守护，为eye而战！\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 5月30日下午，长郡芙蓉中学初一年级举办了“爱眼护眼，‘睛’彩无限”眼保健操比赛。本次活动旨在增强学生科学用眼的意识，规范眼保健操动作，培养良好的护眼习惯，同时展现各班团结协作、积极向上的精神风貌。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 比赛过程：规范有序，展现风采\n \n \n

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\n \n 比赛以班级为单位，各班学生身着统一校服，精神饱满。随着眼保健操音乐的响起，同学们迅速进入状态——坐姿端正、双脚并拢、闭目静心，严格按照穴位和节奏进行按摩。整个过程井然有序，动作整齐划一，充分展现了日常训练的扎实成果。\n \n

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\n \n \n 评委点评：肯定亮点，提出建议\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n \n 赛后，评委组对比赛情况进行了细致点评。评委们高度赞扬了同学们的出色表现，尤其肯定了同学们在节奏把握、找准穴位、集体协调性等方面的优异表现。同时，评委也提出了改进建议，如个别同学按摩力度需适中，少数班级在预备姿势上可以更加规范，并鼓励同学们在日常生活中坚持正确做操，真正发挥眼保健操的护眼作用。\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 比赛结果：激励先进，促进提升\n \n \n

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\n \n 经过公平、公正地评选，比赛最终决出5个“一等奖”、6个“二等奖”和4个“三等奖”。\n \n

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\n \n \n 评比结果\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 一等奖\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 2415   2403   2409   2401   2406\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 二等奖\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 2402   2412   2411   2404   2413   2407\n \n \n

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\n \n \n \n 三等奖\n \n \n \n

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\n \n \n 2414   2405   2410   2408\n \n \n

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\n \n 此次眼保健操比赛不仅强化了学生的健康用眼意识，更增强了班级凝聚力。学校将持续关注学生的视力健康，助力学子们拥有“睛”彩未来！\n \n

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\n \n 来源：教育处\n \n

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\n \n 通讯员：朱晖 胡昕玥 彭孝文\n \n

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\n \n 编辑：彭孝文\n \n

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\n \n 初审：朱晖 贺丽娜 周露\n \n

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\n \n \n 二审：黎学科\n \n \n

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\n \n \n 三审：孔妹平 夏琴\n \n \n

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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/R2n9gBZ_JncDHOB0rFm2Hg", + "creator": "长沙市长郡芙蓉中学", + "pubDate": "Fri, 30 May 2025 16:00:44 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/IiauGwUia8SMObm0xuibYNWrvnhj9yZibRZ4ZXLuTP7k61IkfqLhXdUpSlPDYsIBFn2FeCaVERj6QHj2cOqCiaXhTCQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/IiauGwUia8SMObm0xuibYNWrvnhj9yZibRZ4ZXLuTP7k61IkfqLhXdUpSlPDYsIBFn2FeCaVERj6QHj2cOqCiaXhTCQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247601474_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "资讯", + "feed": "长郡芙蓉中学", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "ba780daeb88272cbc3547bdfcd7aebe7", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "职业牌手网络精英赛(第六期)", "description": "本期比赛7月11-16日, 每天3场. 每天开赛时间: 9:30, 15:00, 20:00.比赛结果及数据", @@ -16926,6 +18818,28 @@ "image": null, "description": "China Daily全文RSS。获取更多全文RSS：https://feedx.net", "items": [ + { + "title": "职业牌手网络精英赛(第六期)", + "description": "本期比赛7月11-16日, 每天3场. 每天开赛时间: 9:30, 15:00, 20:00.比赛结果及数据", + "content": "
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\n 本期比赛7月11-16日, 每天3场. 每天开赛时间: 9:30, 15:00, 20:00.\n
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\n 比赛结果及数据查询网址:\n
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\n \n \n http://www.ccba.org.cn/Tour/TourResultText.aspx?tourid=21507\n \n \n

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\n 关注金桥微信视频号, 观看直播, 与解说嘉宾互动.\n
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\n", + "category": "", + "link": "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/N2BvQNdGRJUDbpFOYCTEXw", + "creator": "金桥GemBridge", + "pubDate": "Wed, 13 Jul 2022 12:20:13 ", + "enclosure": "https://mmbiz.qlogo.cn/mmbiz_jpg/UaCkGFG7ibFgNh2J4MJtQXRia5mNOeeGLiaT2icCic6FONJYAlbT4LFkXibqFIZdQibbfGHKY7OK8yicuFlC0u4tnIuVEw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "enclosureType": "image/jpeg", + "image": "https://mmbiz.qlogo.cn/mmbiz_jpg/UaCkGFG7ibFgNh2J4MJtQXRia5mNOeeGLiaT2icCic6FONJYAlbT4LFkXibqFIZdQibbfGHKY7OK8yicuFlC0u4tnIuVEw/0?wx_fmt=jpeg", + "id": "2247483660_1", + "language": "", + "folder": "桥牌", + "feed": "金桥GemBridge", + "read": false, + "favorite": false, + "created": false, + "tags": [], + "hash": "0395ded9791d53563fa9b4c26380b9b8", + "highlights": [] + }, { "title": "001FRONT - Xi to chair SCO summit in Tianjin", "description": "

President Xi Jinping will get together with leaders of more than 20 countries and 10 international organizations at the upcoming Shanghai Cooperation Organization Summit to work out a development blueprint for the international organization, consolidate consensus on cooperation and promote a much closer SCO community with a shared future, a senior diplomat said.

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Speaking at a news briefing in Beijing on Friday, Assistant Foreign Minister Liu Bin said the summit, which will take place in Tianjin from Aug 31 to Sept 1, will be the largest-ever gathering since the organization was founded 24 years ago.

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Xi will chair the 25th Meeting of the Council of Heads of State of the SCO and the "SCO Plus" Meeting and deliver keynote speeches, he said, adding that Xi will also host a welcome banquet and bilateral events for participating leaders.

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The diplomat said that during the summit, Xi will outline China's new thoughts and proposals on how the regional organization continues to promote the Shanghai Spirit, featuring mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality, consultation, respect for diversity of civilizations and pursuit of common development, to respond to the call of the times.

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Xi will announce new measures and actions to support the high-quality development and all-around cooperation of the SCO, and propose new approaches and pathways for building the organization, maintaining the post-World War II international order and improving the global governance system, Liu said.

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Xi, along with other leaders of SCO member states, will jointly sign and issue the Tianjin Declaration, approve the SCO's development strategy for the next decade and issue a statement on the 80th anniversary of the victory in the World Anti-Fascist War and the founding of the United Nations, Liu said.

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They will also adopt a series of outcome documents on strengthening security, economic and cultural cooperation, charting the course for the future development of the SCO, he added.

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The SCO Tianjin Summit comes against the backdrop of a complex and volatile international landscape with regional conflicts intensifying, economic uncertainties growing and livelihood issues in some countries becoming more pronounced.

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Liu said the more complex and turbulent the international situation becomes, the more important it becomes for countries to strengthen unity and cooperation to promote common development.

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China hopes to take the SCO Tianjin Summit as an opportunity to work with other SCO member states to build up political consensus, boost the momentum for cooperation, send out united voices and take joint actions, in order to leverage the stability and resilience of the SCO to address the uncertainties of the international environment, Liu said.

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Since its founding in 2001, the SCO has been steadily improving its cooperation mechanisms and expanding its global reach. The number of SCO member states has grown from the original six to 10, now representing nearly half of the global population and about a quarter of the world's GDP. Additionally, the SCO has two observer states and 14 dialogue partners.

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Chen Yu, deputy director of the Institute of Eurasian Studies at the China Institutes of Contemporary International Relations, said the SCO Tianjin Summit could have more positive bearings on the international situation, helping to promote the development of a multipolar world and enhance the influence of developing countries.

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The Shanghai Spirit, transcending the Cold War mentality, can help address deficits in global governance, Chen said.

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Xue Tianhang, an associate researcher at Zhejiang University's Institute for National Strategy and Regional Development, said that facing the complex and volatile international landscape, the SCO should maintain strategic clarity, strengthen confidence, act decisively and deliver greater results.

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SCO member states should join hands to overcome difficulties together, injecting more stability and positive dynamism into the world, Xue said.

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caodesheng@chinadaily.com.cn

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